CINXE.COM
February 2024 Issue: Power Electronics Handbook - Battery Power Tips
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head > <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <meta property="fb:admins" content="1140409510" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /> <meta property="fb:admins" content="107031532675062" /> <meta name="msvalidate.01" content="40BA1B879066C83CDFCA374CA4B490C3" /> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.8 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>February 2024 Issue: Power Electronics Handbook - Battery Power Tips</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/february-2024-issue-power-electronics-handbook/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="February 2024 Issue: Power Electronics Handbook - Battery Power Tips" /> <meta property="og:description" content=" Cold starts, hot power markets, and great expectations Recent cold spells across the United States have shifted the focus from “range anxiety” in electric vehicles (EVs) to concerns about their performance in cold…how they start, and how far they can go. Buzzworthy? Apparently. Newsworthy? Maybe, but it’s not new news. Reflecting on a youthful…" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.batterypowertips.com/february-2024-issue-power-electronics-handbook/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Battery Power Tips" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2024-02-06T22:00:07+00:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-04-22T23:26:45+00:00" /> <meta name="author" content="akalnoskas" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="akalnoskas" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="3 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.batterypowertips.com/february-2024-issue-power-electronics-handbook/","url":"https://www.batterypowertips.com/february-2024-issue-power-electronics-handbook/","name":"February 2024 Issue: Power Electronics Handbook - Battery Power Tips","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.batterypowertips.com/#website"},"datePublished":"2024-02-06T22:00:07+00:00","dateModified":"2024-04-22T23:26:45+00:00","author":{"@id":"https://www.batterypowertips.com/#/schema/person/9ef3cf1c64ca80447875e7ab22d0de03"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.batterypowertips.com/february-2024-issue-power-electronics-handbook/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.batterypowertips.com/february-2024-issue-power-electronics-handbook/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.batterypowertips.com/february-2024-issue-power-electronics-handbook/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.batterypowertips.com/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Blog","item":"https://www.batterypowertips.com/blog/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"February 2024 Issue: Power Electronics Handbook"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.batterypowertips.com/#website","url":"https://www.batterypowertips.com/","name":"Battery Power Tips","description":"Battery and rechargeable battery technology, innovation from EV, renewable energy, electronics engineering","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.batterypowertips.com/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://www.batterypowertips.com/#/schema/person/9ef3cf1c64ca80447875e7ab22d0de03","name":"akalnoskas","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.batterypowertips.com/#/schema/person/image/","url":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7e6627a43d9ea9a6d52ae4c102cfa887?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7e6627a43d9ea9a6d52ae4c102cfa887?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"akalnoskas"},"url":"https://www.batterypowertips.com/author/akalnoskas/"}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//static.addtoany.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//kit.fontawesome.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Battery Power Tips » Feed" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Battery Power Tips » Comments Feed" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Battery Power Tips » February 2024 Issue: Power Electronics Handbook Comments Feed" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/february-2024-issue-power-electronics-handbook/feed/" /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/www.batterypowertips.com\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='batch_css-css' href='https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/plugins/batchmove/css/batch.css?ver=6.7' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='genesis-simple-share-plugin-css-css' href='https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/plugins/genesis-simple-share/assets/css/share.min.css?ver=0.1.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='genesis-simple-share-genericons-css-css' href='https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/plugins/genesis-simple-share/assets/css/genericons.min.css?ver=0.1.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='theme-wtwh-amplifying-css' href='https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/themes/ThemeWTWH/style.css?ver=1709938398' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wtwh_prestitial_main_style-css' href='https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/plugins/prestitial/assets/css/main.css?ver=1.1.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wtwh_prestitial_style-css' href='https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/plugins/prestitial/assets/css/prestitial.css?ver=1.1.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ea-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans%3A300%2C700&ver=6.7' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ea-style-css' href='https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/themes/ThemeWTWH/assets/css/main.css?ver=1709938398' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='addtoany-css' href='https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/plugins/add-to-any/addtoany.min.css?ver=1.16' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/plugins/batchmove/js/batch.js?ver=6.7" id="batch_js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/plugins/genesis-simple-share/assets/js/sharrre/jquery.sharrre.min.js?ver=0.1.0" id="genesis-simple-share-plugin-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/plugins/genesis-simple-share/assets/js/waypoints.min.js?ver=0.1.0" id="genesis-simple-share-waypoint-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="addtoany-core-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window.a2a_config=window.a2a_config||{};a2a_config.callbacks=[];a2a_config.overlays=[];a2a_config.templates={}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="https://static.addtoany.com/menu/page.js" id="addtoany-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/plugins/add-to-any/addtoany.min.js?ver=1.1" id="addtoany-jquery-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/0db18eb627.js?ver=6.7" id="wtwh_prestitial_fontAwesome_js-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/5192" /><link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.batterypowertips.com/?p=5192' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.batterypowertips.com%2Ffebruary-2024-issue-power-electronics-handbook%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.batterypowertips.com%2Ffebruary-2024-issue-power-electronics-handbook%2F&format=xml" /> <!-- www.batterypowertips.com=5192 --> <script> var contentHash = 'aded08891c8e46cbbc6d741f6edf4a46'; var cat_target='aded08891c8e46cbbc6d741f6edf4a46, digital-issues, ros'; </script> <style> #category-posts-2-internal ul {padding: 0;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-item img {max-width: initial; max-height: initial; margin: initial;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-author {margin-bottom: 0;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-thumbnail {margin: 5px 10px 5px 0;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-item:before {content: ""; clear: both;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-excerpt-more {display: inline-block;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-item {list-style: none; margin: 3px 0 10px; padding: 3px 0;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-current .cat-post-title {font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase;} #category-posts-2-internal [class*=cat-post-tax] {font-size: 0.85em;} #category-posts-2-internal [class*=cat-post-tax] * {display:inline-block;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-item:after {content: ""; display: table; clear: both;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-item .cat-post-title {overflow: hidden;text-overflow: ellipsis;white-space: initial;display: -webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp: 2;-webkit-box-orient: vertical;padding-bottom: 0 !important;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-item:after {content: ""; display: table; clear: both;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-thumbnail {display:block; float:left; margin:5px 10px 5px 0;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-crop {overflow:hidden;display:block;} #category-posts-2-internal p {margin:5px 0 0 0} #category-posts-2-internal li > div {margin:5px 0 0 0; clear:both;} #category-posts-2-internal .dashicons {vertical-align:middle;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-thumbnail .cat-post-crop img {height: 95px;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-thumbnail .cat-post-crop img {width: 150px;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-thumbnail .cat-post-crop img {object-fit: cover; max-width: 100%; display: block;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-thumbnail .cat-post-crop-not-supported img {width: 100%;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-thumbnail {max-width:100%;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-item img {margin: initial;} </style> <!-- Google GLOBAL Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MMC9PJ9');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-KSP4XX9');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <script async src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script> <script> window.googletag = window.googletag || {cmd: []}; googletag.cmd.push(function() { var pathParts = window.location.pathname.substr(1).split('/'); var mapHeader = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([768, 200], [728, 90]) .addSize([0, 0], [300, 250]) .build(); var mapLargeHeader = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([1024, 200], [[970, 90], [970, 250]]) .addSize([0, 0], [300, 250]) .build(); var mapWallpaper = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([1024, 500], [[1, 1]]) .addSize([0, 0], [[1, 1]]) .build(); var gptSlots = []; gptSlots[0] = googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/batterypower_header', [[300, 250], [728, 90]], 'div-gpt-batterypower-header') .defineSizeMapping(mapHeader) .addService(googletag.pubads()); gptSlots[1] = googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/batterypower_largeleader', [[970, 90], [970, 250]], 'div-gpt-batterypower_largeleader') .defineSizeMapping(mapLargeHeader) .addService(googletag.pubads()); gptSlots[2] = googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/batterypower_wallpaper', [[1, 1]], 'div-gpt-batterypower_wallpaper') .defineSizeMapping(mapWallpaper) .addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/batterypower_allstreamflex', [[1, 1]], 'div-gpt-batterypower_allstreamflex').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/batterypower_allstreamprelude', [[1, 1]], 'div-gpt-batterypower_allstreamprelude').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/batterypower_sidebar1', [[300, 250], [300, 600]], 'div-gpt-batterypower_sidebar1').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/batterypower_sidebarbottom', [[300, 250], [300, 600]], 'div-gpt-batterypower_sidebarbottom').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(); googletag.enableServices(); }); </script><link rel="icon" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/cropped-battery-power-tips-favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/cropped-battery-power-tips-favicon-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/cropped-battery-power-tips-favicon-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/cropped-battery-power-tips-favicon-270x270.png" /> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> /*RSS FEED FIX*/ #rss-2 > div > h4 > a { font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; float: none !important; } #rss-2 > div > h4 > a > img { display: none; } #rss-2 > div > ul { width: 100%; padding-left: 30px; } #featured-post-2 { display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; } #featured-post-2 > div > article > div > div { text-align: center; } #featured-post-2 > div > article > a { display: flex; justify-content: center; } #featured-post-2 > div > p { display: flex; justify-content: center; font-weight: bold; } #featured-post-2 > div > article > div > p { margin-left: 30px; margin-right: 25px; } .motion-design-guides { font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; width: 270px; height: 60px; text-align: center; text-align-last: center; -moz-text-align-last: center; border-radius: 0px; background-color: #313131; color: white; border-bottom: 4px solid #1f427e; text-transform: uppercase; white-space: wrap; } .motion-design-guide-option { text-align: center; text-align-last: center; -moz-text-align-last: center; text-transform: uppercase; width: 270px; white-space: wrap; } .dropbtn { background-color: #04AA6D; color: white; padding: 16px; font-size: 16px; border: none; } .dropdown { display: inline-block; } .dropdown-content { display: none; position: absolute; background-color: #f1f1f1; min-width: 160px; box-shadow: 0px 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2); z-index: 1; } .dropdown-content a { color: black; padding: 12px 16px; text-decoration: none; display: block; } .dropdown-content a:hover {background-color: #ddd;} .dropdown:hover .dropdown-content {display: block;} .dropdown:hover .dropbtn {background-color: #3e8e41;} /*Design Guide Drop Down Menu*/ .motion-design-guides { font-size: 14px; font-family: Raleway, sans-serif; width: 270px; height: 50px; text-align: center; text-align-last: center; -moz-text-align-last: center; border-radius: 0px; background-color: white; color: #000; border-top: 3px solid #000; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #e3e3e3; text-transform: uppercase; white-space: wrap; } .motion-design-guide-option { text-align: center; text-align-last: center; -moz-text-align-last: center; text-transform: uppercase; width: 270px; white-space: wrap; } .motion-design-guides:after { content: ""; border: solid #000; border-width: 0 2px 2px 0; margin-left: 20px; margin-bottom: 3px; display: inline-block; padding: 2.5px; transform: rotate(45deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg); } a { color: #22407c; font-weight: 500; } /* Search Page */ body.search .site-inner { padding-left: unset; padding-right: unset; } @media only screen and (min-width: 988px) { .search .content { width: 66% !important; float: left; } .search .sidebar { width: 30%; float: right; } } </style> </head> <body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-5192 single-format-standard content-sidebar genesis-breadcrumbs-hidden"> <!-- xyzzy top --> <div id="prestitial" style="opacity: 0;"> <div id="prestitial-overlay"></div> <div id="prestitial-grid"> <div class="prestitial-logo"> <div class="title-area"> <h1 class="site-title"> <a href="#"><img src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/bpt-logo.png"></a></h1> </div> </div> <div class="close-cta"> Continue to Site <i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i> </div> <div id="prestitial-banner"></div> </div> </div> <!-- hides rest of content --> <div id="body-wrapper" style="opacity: 0;"> <div class="site-container"><header class="site-header"><div class="wrap"><div class="title-area"><p class="site-title"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/">Battery Power Tips</a></p></div><div class="widget-area header-widget-area"><section id="custom_html-2" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><div id='div-gpt-batterypower-header'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-batterypower-header'); }); </script> </div></div></div></section> </div><div class="mobile-toggles"><a href="#" class="search-toggle"><i class="icon-search"></i></a><a href="#" class="mobile-menu-toggle"><i class="icon-menu"></i></a></div></div></header><nav class="nav-primary" aria-label="Main"><div class="wrap"><ul id="menu-primary-menu" class="menu genesis-nav-menu menu-primary"><li id="menu-item-15" class="menu-item"><a href="https://batterypowertips.com/"><span >Home</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5063" class="menu-item menu-item-has-children"><a href="#"><span >Markets & Applications</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1701" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/applications/automotive/"><span >Automotive</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-1704" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/applications/aerospace-defense/"><span >Aerospace & Defense</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5064" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/applications/energy-management-harvesting-dw/"><span >Energy Management & Harvesting</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5065" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/applications/industrial/"><span >Industrial</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5066" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/applications/iot/"><span >IoT</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5067" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/applications/medical/"><span >Medical</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-1700" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/renewables/"><span >Renewables & Grid Connected</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-1703" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/robotics/"><span >Robotics</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-1702" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/stationary/"><span >Stationary Power</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5068" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/applications/wearables/"><span >Wearables</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-5050" class="menu-item menu-item-has-children"><a href="#"><span >Learn</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-5051" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/category/tech-tips/"><span >eBooks/Tech Tips</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5052" class="menu-item"><a href="https://eetrainingdays.com/"><span >EE Training Days</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-2276" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/faqs/"><span >FAQs</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5053" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/learning-center"><span >Learning Center</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5310" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/category/tech-toolboxes/"><span >Tech Toolboxes</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5054" class="menu-item"><a href="https://gateway.on24.com/wcc/experience/elitewtwhmedia/2927718/4415581/eeworld"><span >Webinars & Digital Events</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-4978" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/rd/"><span >R&D</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5056" class="menu-item menu-item-has-children"><a href="#"><span >Resources</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-5057" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/design-guide-library"><span >Design Guide Library</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5061" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/digital-issues/"><span >Digital Issues</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5058" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.designworldonline.com/category/news/women-in-engineering/"><span >Engineering Diversity & Inclusion</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5059" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/2023-leap-awards-winners-are-announced/"><span >LEAP Awards</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5060" class="menu-item"><a href="http://www.engineeringwhitepapers.com/category/electricalelectronic/"><span >White Papers</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-5062" class="menu-item"><a href="https://eetrainingdays.com/"><span >Engineering Training Days</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5069" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/battery-power-tips-enewsletters-get-you-caught-up-on-mission-critical-product-updates-teardown-videos-how-tos-webinars-and-more/"><span >Newsletter Subscription</span></a></li> <li class="menu-item search"><a href="#" class="search-toggle"><i class="icon-search"></i></a></li></ul></div></nav><div style="padding-top:10px;text-align:center"> <div id='div-gpt-batterypower_largeleader'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-batterypower_largeleader'); }); </script> </div> </div><div class="site-inner"><div class="wrap"><div class="content-sidebar-wrap"><main class="content"><article class="type-post entry" aria-label="February 2024 Issue: Power Electronics Handbook"><header class="entry-header"><h1 class="entry-title">February 2024 Issue: Power Electronics Handbook</h1> <p class="entry-meta"><span class="entry-author">By <a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/author/akalnoskas/" class="entry-author-link" rel="author"><span class="entry-author-name">akalnoskas</span></a></span> | <time class="entry-time">February 6, 2024</time></p></header><div class="entry-content"><div class="addtoany_share_save_container addtoany_content addtoany_content_top"><div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_20 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="https://www.batterypowertips.com/february-2024-issue-power-electronics-handbook/" data-a2a-title="February 2024 Issue: Power Electronics Handbook"><a class="a2a_button_facebook" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/facebook?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.batterypowertips.com%2Ffebruary-2024-issue-power-electronics-handbook%2F&linkname=February%202024%20Issue%3A%20Power%20Electronics%20Handbook" title="Facebook" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_x" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/x?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.batterypowertips.com%2Ffebruary-2024-issue-power-electronics-handbook%2F&linkname=February%202024%20Issue%3A%20Power%20Electronics%20Handbook" title="X" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_pinterest" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/pinterest?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.batterypowertips.com%2Ffebruary-2024-issue-power-electronics-handbook%2F&linkname=February%202024%20Issue%3A%20Power%20Electronics%20Handbook" title="Pinterest" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_linkedin" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/linkedin?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.batterypowertips.com%2Ffebruary-2024-issue-power-electronics-handbook%2F&linkname=February%202024%20Issue%3A%20Power%20Electronics%20Handbook" title="LinkedIn" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share_save addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share"></a></div></div><div style="position: relative; padding-top: max(60%,326px); height: 0; width: 100%;"><iframe style="position: absolute; border: none; width: 100%; height: 100%; left: 0; right: 0; top: 0; bottom: 0;" src="https://e.issuu.com/embed.html?d=ee_pe_feb2024&hideIssuuLogo=true&u=wtwhmedia" sandbox="allow-top-navigation allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation allow-downloads allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-modals allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-forms" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe></div> <p> </p> <h3>Cold starts, hot power markets, and great expectations</h3> <p>Recent cold spells across the United States have shifted the focus from “range anxiety” in electric vehicles (EVs) to concerns about their performance in cold…how they start, and how far they can go. Buzzworthy? Apparently. Newsworthy? Maybe, but it’s not new news.</p> <p>Reflecting on a youthful personal experience with a three-on-the-column 1964 Dodge Dart, “range anxiety” meant the onerous mental calculations involved in determining how much spare change was needed to get enough gas to reach home after a night out. “Cold starts” involved the struggle of starting an internal combustion engine (ICE) in Northeastern Pennsylvania winters, usually resulting in a dead battery with whining, rapid clicking, and the anxiety of locating someone for a jump start.</p> <p>The current discourse around EVs seems to reflect the unrealistic expectations of technology overall — almost understandable given the rapid advancements in electronics to which consumers have grown accustomed. The intricate electronics found in EVs and most of the electronic devices we use daily didn’t simply materialize out of thin air. Developing these power electronics devices is a complex process, and the engineers who bring them to life are highly skilled professionals.</p> <p>Contributing writer Bill Schweber, in a recent EEWorld Online blog post, emphasized the underappreciated role of engineers in these technological advancements who are frequently overshadowed by the pop culture that benefits most from their engineering advancements:</p> <p>“My view is that non-recognition is the downside of innovating so much while making it all look so easy, regardless of how hard it was. In many ways, the astounding success of the engineering community at creating so much wonderful stuff, with the resulting advances we live with and routinely use, makes it all look like no big deal: it all “just happens.” Of course, it’s not that way at all.”</p> <p>As consumers, we often take for granted the complex technology and sophisticated engineering skillsets that power our everyday lives. We expect constant connectivity, rapid charging, and minimal latency when browsing, streaming, or listening online. Similarly, do we think our EV batteries should be unaffected by cold weather, and the driving range on a single charge be comparable to that of a full gas tank?</p> <p>The transition to electrification, the rise in the number of power electronic components in EVs, and the integration of artificial intelligence into numerous applications are just some of the challenges electronics engineers face today. The solution to these challenges will involve the efficient use of currently available power and significant leaps in energy generation for the power-intensive needs of the future.</p> <p>It’s not simple stuff, but reigning in expectations appears a lot more complicated. Demand does help to inspire and drive innovation. Maybe it’s time for demanding consumers to spend more time in the driver’s seat with the folks behind that innovation.</p> <p>The articles included here are definitely for you, the engineer. But it wouldn’t hurt to pay it forward to those who benefit from your work. They don’t have to know what RDson or bidirectional power means in detail; maybe it would be more impactful to explain what you do in a context they can appreciate — and not take for granted.</p> <p>Aimee Kalnoskas<br /> Editor-in-chief</p> <div class="bawmrp"> <h3>You may also like:</h3> <ul> <li style="float:left;width:120px;height:auto;overflow:hidden;list-style:none;border-right: 1px solid #ccc;text-align:center;padding:0px 5px;" class="bawmrp_manual"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/april-2024-issue-internet-of-things-handbook/"><img decoding="async" width="100" height="100" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/EE_APRIL24-cover-150x150.jpg" class="attachment-100x100 size-100x100 wp-image-5188 wp-post-image" alt="" /><br />April 2024 Issue: Internet of Things Handbook</a></li> <li style="float:left;width:120px;height:auto;overflow:hidden;list-style:none;border-right: 1px solid #ccc;text-align:center;padding:0px 5px;" class="bawmrp_manual"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/april-2023-issue-internet-of-things-handbook/"><img decoding="async" width="100" height="100" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/EE-IOT-Apr-2023-cover-150x150.jpg" class="attachment-100x100 size-100x100 wp-image-4783 wp-post-image" alt="" /><br />April 2023 Issue: Internet of Things Handbook</a></li> <li style="float:left;width:120px;height:auto;overflow:hidden;list-style:none;border-right: 1px solid #ccc;text-align:center;padding:0px 5px;" class="bawmrp_manual"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/february-2023-special-edition-power-electronic-handbook/"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/EE-PE-handbook-2023-150x150.jpg" class="attachment-100x100 size-100x100 wp-image-4781 wp-post-image" alt="" /><br />February 2023 Special Edition: Power Electronic Handbook</a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> </div><footer class="entry-footer"></footer></article> <div id="respond" class="comment-respond"> <h3 id="reply-title" class="comment-reply-title">Tell Us What You Think! <small><a rel="nofollow" id="cancel-comment-reply-link" href="/february-2024-issue-power-electronics-handbook/#respond" style="display:none;">Cancel reply</a></small></h3><form action="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-comments-post.php?wpe-comment-post=batterytips" method="post" id="commentform" class="comment-form" novalidate><p class="comment-form-comment"><label for="comment">Comment <span class="required">*</span></label> <textarea placeholder="Enter your message here" id="comment" name="comment" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="65525" required></textarea placeholder="Enter your message here"></p><p class="comment-form-author"><label for="author">Name <span class="required">*</span></label> <input placeholder="Your Name" id="author" name="author" type="text" value="" size="30" maxlength="245" autocomplete="name" required /></p> <p class="comment-form-email"><label for="email">Email <span class="required">*</span></label> <input placeholder="Your Email" id="email" name="email" type="email" value="" size="30" maxlength="100" autocomplete="email" required /></p> <p class="comment-form-url"><label for="url">Website</label> <input placeholder="Your Website" id="url" name="url" type="url" value="" size="30" maxlength="200" autocomplete="url" /></p> <p class="comment-form-cookies-consent"><input id="wp-comment-cookies-consent" name="wp-comment-cookies-consent" type="checkbox" value="yes" /> <label for="wp-comment-cookies-consent">Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.</label></p> <p class="form-submit"><input name="submit" type="submit" id="submit" class="submit" value="Submit >" /> <input type='hidden' name='comment_post_ID' value='5192' id='comment_post_ID' /> <input type='hidden' name='comment_parent' id='comment_parent' value='0' /> </p><p style="display: none;"><input type="hidden" id="akismet_comment_nonce" name="akismet_comment_nonce" value="0459cc60d2" /></p><p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>Δ<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_1" name="ak_js" value="78"/><script>document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p></form> </div><!-- #respond --> </main><aside class="sidebar sidebar-primary widget-area" role="complementary" aria-label="Primary Sidebar"><section id="custom_html-3" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><div id='div-gpt-batterypower_sidebar1'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-batterypower_sidebar1'); }); </script> </div></div></div></section> <section id="custom_html-5" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><center> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; width: 300px;"> <div align="center"><a href="hhttps://www.batterypowertips.com/battery-power-tips-enewsletters-get-you-caught-up-on-mission-critical-product-updates-teardown-videos-how-tos-webinars-and-more/" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Battery-300x100-1.jpg" alt=“battery tips newsletter”></a></div> <div align="center" style="width: 300px; line-height: 20px; padding-top: 10px;"><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #0c506d; text-align: center; font-size: 20px;">EXPAND YOUR KNOWLEDGE AND STAY CONNECTED</span></div> <div align="center" style="line-height: 16px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="text-align: center; font-size: 16px;">Get the latest info on technologies, tools and strategies for EE professionals.</span></div> <div align="center" style="padding-top: 10px;"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/battery-power-tips-enewsletters-get-you-caught-up-on-mission-critical-product-updates-teardown-videos-how-tos-webinars-and-more/" target="_blank"><button style="background-color: #57bf9b; color: white; font-weight: bold; border: none; padding: 10px; font-size: 16px; cursor: pointer;">GET THE ENEWSLETTER</button></a></div> </div> </center></div></div></section> <section id="custom_html-4" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"> <div id='div-gpt-batterypower_sidebarbottom'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-batterypower_sidebarbottom'); }); </script> </div> </div></div></section> <section id="category-posts-2" class="widget cat-post-widget"><div class="widget-wrap"><h4 class="widget-title widgettitle">Featured Contributions</h4> <ul id="category-posts-2-internal" class="category-posts-internal"> <li class='cat-post-item'><div><a class="cat-post-thumbnail cat-post-none" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/q-a-why-automation-is-essential-for-advancing-ev-battery-manufacturing/" title="Q & A: why automation is essential for advancing EV battery manufacturing"><span class="cat-post-crop cat-post-format cat-post-format-standard"><img width="150" height="95" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/farmington_hill_cic_image_1280x720-2.webp" class="attachment- size- wp-image-5226 wp-post-image" alt="" data-cat-posts-width="150" data-cat-posts-height="95" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/farmington_hill_cic_image_1280x720-2.webp 700w, https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/farmington_hill_cic_image_1280x720-2-300x171.webp 300w, https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/farmington_hill_cic_image_1280x720-2-368x210.webp 368w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></span></a> <a class="cat-post-title" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/q-a-why-automation-is-essential-for-advancing-ev-battery-manufacturing/" rel="bookmark">Q & A: why automation is essential for advancing EV battery manufacturing</a></div></li><li class='cat-post-item'><div><a class="cat-post-thumbnail cat-post-none" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/battery-and-charging-innovations-driving-electrification/" title="Battery and charging innovations driving electrification"><span class="cat-post-crop cat-post-format cat-post-format-standard"><img width="150" height="95" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/GettyImages-1328690329-copy-1.webp" class="attachment- size- wp-image-5181 wp-post-image" alt="" data-cat-posts-width="150" data-cat-posts-height="95" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/GettyImages-1328690329-copy-1.webp 800w, https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/GettyImages-1328690329-copy-1-300x188.webp 300w, https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/GettyImages-1328690329-copy-1-768x480.webp 768w, https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/GettyImages-1328690329-copy-1-368x230.webp 368w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></span></a> <a class="cat-post-title" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/battery-and-charging-innovations-driving-electrification/" rel="bookmark">Battery and charging innovations driving electrification</a></div></li><li class='cat-post-item'><div><a class="cat-post-thumbnail cat-post-none" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/what-is-a-lithium-battery-digital-passport/" title="What is a lithium battery digital passport?"><span class="cat-post-crop cat-post-format cat-post-format-standard"><img width="150" height="95" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/digital-passport-featured.jpg" class="attachment- size- wp-image-5011 wp-post-image" alt="" data-cat-posts-width="150" data-cat-posts-height="95" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/digital-passport-featured.jpg 932w, https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/digital-passport-featured-300x161.jpg 300w, https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/digital-passport-featured-768x412.jpg 768w, https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/digital-passport-featured-368x197.jpg 368w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></span></a> <a class="cat-post-title" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/what-is-a-lithium-battery-digital-passport/" rel="bookmark">What is a lithium battery digital passport?</a></div></li><li class='cat-post-item'><div><a class="cat-post-thumbnail cat-post-none" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/battery-testing-critical-to-the-rise-of-electric-vehicles/" title="Battery testing: critical to the rise of electric vehicles"><span class="cat-post-crop cat-post-format cat-post-format-standard"><img width="150" height="95" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/EV_batteries_Feature-image-1.jpg" class="attachment- size- wp-image-4966 wp-post-image" alt="" data-cat-posts-width="150" data-cat-posts-height="95" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/EV_batteries_Feature-image-1.jpg 800w, https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/EV_batteries_Feature-image-1-300x188.jpg 300w, https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/EV_batteries_Feature-image-1-768x480.jpg 768w, https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/EV_batteries_Feature-image-1-368x230.jpg 368w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></span></a> <a class="cat-post-title" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/battery-testing-critical-to-the-rise-of-electric-vehicles/" rel="bookmark">Battery testing: critical to the rise of electric vehicles</a></div></li><li class='cat-post-item'><div><a class="cat-post-thumbnail cat-post-none" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/testing-batteries-for-an-evolving-world-faq/" title="Testing batteries for an evolving world"><span class="cat-post-crop cat-post-format cat-post-format-standard"><img width="150" height="95" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/AEHB23_ElektroAutomatic_online-featured.jpg" class="attachment- size- wp-image-4920 wp-post-image" alt="" data-cat-posts-width="150" data-cat-posts-height="95" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/AEHB23_ElektroAutomatic_online-featured.jpg 800w, https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/AEHB23_ElektroAutomatic_online-featured-300x267.jpg 300w, https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/AEHB23_ElektroAutomatic_online-featured-768x683.jpg 768w, https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/AEHB23_ElektroAutomatic_online-featured-268x238.jpg 268w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></span></a> <a class="cat-post-title" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/testing-batteries-for-an-evolving-world-faq/" rel="bookmark">Testing batteries for an evolving world</a></div></li></ul> <a class="cat-post-footer-link" href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/featured-contributions/">More Featured Contributions</a></div></section> <section id="custom_html-10" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><h4 class="widget-title widgettitle">EE TECH TOOLBOX</h4> <div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><center> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; width: 300px;"> <div align="center"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/tech-toolbox-test-measurement/" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.eeworldonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/EE-TechToolbox-T_and_M_Page_01-scaled.jpg" alt=“ee tech toolbox”></a></div> <div align="center" style="width: 300px; line-height: 20px; padding-top: 10px;"><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #0c506d; text-align: center; font-size: 20px;">Tech Toolbox: Test & Measurement</span></div> <div align="center" style="line-height: 16px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="text-align: center; font-size: 16px;"> Everything needs testing and testing needs measurement. This Tech Toolbox covers measurement fundamentals, accuracy, precision, and resolution. A look at the Smith chart, a handy tool for RF engineers, is also reviewed. </span></div> <div align="center" style="padding-top: 10px;"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/tech-toolbox-test-measurement/" target="_blank"><button style="background-color: #57bf9b; color: white; font-weight: bold; border: none; padding: 10px; font-size: 16px; cursor: pointer;">Download PDF</button></a></div> <div align="center" style="padding-top: 10px;"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/category/tech-toolboxes/" target="_blank"><button style="background-color: #57bf9b; color: white; font-weight: bold; border: none; padding: 10px; font-size: 16px; cursor: pointer;">View All Tech Toolboxes</button></a></div> </div> </center> </div></div></section> <section id="custom_html-7" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><h4 class="widget-title widgettitle">EE LEARNING CENTER</h4> <div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><center><div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; width: 270px;"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/learning-center" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/300x250-2-EE-LearnCtr.png" alt="EE Learning Center" style="max-width: 270px;" /></a> <div class="dropdown" style="text-align: center; margin-top: 10px;"> <button class="motion-design-guides">BROWSE CLASSROOMS</button> <div class="dropdown-content"> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/relays-sensors-classroom" target="_blank">Relays & Sensors</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/transformers-ii-classroom" target="_blank">Transformers II</a> </div> </div></div> </center> <center> <div class="dropdown" style="text-align: center; padding-top: 10px;"> <button class="motion-design-guides">Browse Design Guides</button> <div class="dropdown-content"> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://eeworldonline.tradepub.com/free/w_defa4462/" target="_blank">Lithium Batteries</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://eeworldonline.tradepub.com/free/w_rene01/" target="_blank">Bluetooth & Connectivity</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://eeworldonline.tradepub.com/free/w_defa2728/" target="_blank">WiFi & the IOT</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://dw-resources.designworldonline.com/free/w_defa2978/" target="_blank">Linear Position Sensors</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://eeworldonline.tradepub.com/free/w_defa3337/" target="_blank">Relays</a> </div> </div> </center></div></div></section> <section id="custom_html-8" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><h4 class="widget-title widgettitle">ENGINEERING TRAINING DAYS</h4> <div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><center><div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; width: 270px;"><a href="https://eetrainingdays.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="https://www.eeworldonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/300x250-side-bar-graphic.png" alt="engineering" /></a> </div> </center></div></div></section> <section id="rss-2" class="widget widget_rss"><div class="widget-wrap"><h4 class="widget-title widgettitle"><a class="rsswidget rss-widget-feed" href="http://www.edaboard.com/external.php?type=RSS"><img class="rss-widget-icon" style="border:0" width="14" height="14" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-includes/images/rss.png" alt="RSS" loading="lazy" /></a> <a class="rsswidget rss-widget-title" href="https://www.edaboard.com/">Current EDABoard.com discussions</a></h4> <ul><li><a class='rsswidget' href='https://www.edaboard.com/threads/electronic-load-needed.413112/'>Electronic load needed</a></li><li><a class='rsswidget' href='https://www.edaboard.com/threads/is-the-provided-rs485-terminal-the-gnd-or-shield.413114/'>Is the provided RS485 terminal the GND or Shield?</a></li><li><a class='rsswidget' href='https://www.edaboard.com/threads/power-current-measurment.413116/'>Power & current measurment</a></li><li><a class='rsswidget' href='https://www.edaboard.com/threads/transmit-the-pwm-signals-through-rfic.413100/'>Transmit the PWM signals through RFIC?</a></li><li><a class='rsswidget' href='https://www.edaboard.com/threads/low-frequency-modulation-in-high-frequency-dds-generated-signal.413002/'>Low frequency modulation in high frequency DDS generated signal</a></li></ul></div></section> <section id="custom_html-9" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><center><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/category/bill-schweber-blogs/" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.eeworldonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/300x250-V2.5.jpg" alt=“bills blog”></a></center></div></div></section> </aside></div></div></div><div class="footer-socials"><div class="wrap"><label style="color:#ffffff">Connect with Battery Power Tips</label> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/EEWorldOnline" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="icon-facebook"></i></a><a href="https://twitter.com/batterypwrtips" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="icon-twitter"></i></a><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/groups/7061697/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="icon-linkedin"></i></a></div></div><footer class="site-footer"><div class="wrap"><div class="row"><div class="footer-logo"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com">Battery Power Tips</a></div><div class="footer-menu"><div class="menu-secondary-menu-container"><ul id="menu-secondary-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-32" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/">EE World Online</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1707" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.designworldonline.com">Design World</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1712" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.medicaldesignandoutsourcing.com">Medical Design & Outsourcing</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1706" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.solarpowerworldonline.com">Solar Power World</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1711" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.therobotreport.com">The Robot Report</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1710" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/contact/">Contact</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1709" class="menu-item"><a href="#">Sign Up Enews</a></li> </ul></div></div><div class="footer-copyright"><p>Copyright © 2024 WTWH Media LLC. All Rights Reserved. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of WTWH Media<br /> <a href="http://www.wtwhmedia.com/privacy-policy/" target="_blank">Privacy Policy</a> | <a href="https://marketing.wtwhmedia.com/2024-ee-world-online-media-guide/" target="_blank">Advertising</a> | <a href="/about-us">About Us</a> </p></div></div></div></footer></div><div class="site-search"><div class="wrap"><div class="search-inner"><h2>Search Battery Power Tips</h2><form class="search-form" method="get" action="https://www.batterypowertips.com/" role="search"><input class="search-form-input" type="search" name="s" id="searchform-1" placeholder="Search this website"><input class="search-form-submit" type="submit" value="GO"><meta content="https://www.batterypowertips.com/?s={s}"></form></div></div></div> <!-- xyzzy bottom --> </div> <script> var GAMaccountID = 5272491; var GAMnetworkName = 'ee_network'; var GAMadUnitName = 'batterypower_prestitial'; googletag.slots = googletag.slots || {}; </script> <!-- Google GLOBAL Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MMC9PJ9" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-KSP4XX9" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <div id='div-gpt-batterypower_wallpaper'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-batterypower_wallpaper'); }); </script> </div> <div id='div-gpt-batterypower_allstreamflex'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-batterypower_allstreamflex'); }); </script> </div> <div id='div-gpt-batterypower_allstreamprelude'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-batterypower_allstreamprelude'); }); </script> </div> <div id="sidr-mobile-menu" class="sidr right"><a class="sidr-menu-close" href="#"><i class="icon-close"></i></a><div class="menu-primary-menu-container"><ul id="menu-primary-menu-1" class="menu"><li class="menu-item"><a href="https://batterypowertips.com/">Home</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-has-children"><a href="#">Markets & Applications</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/applications/automotive/">Automotive</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/applications/aerospace-defense/">Aerospace & Defense</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/applications/energy-management-harvesting-dw/">Energy Management & Harvesting</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/applications/industrial/">Industrial</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/applications/iot/">IoT</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/applications/medical/">Medical</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/renewables/">Renewables & Grid Connected</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/robotics/">Robotics</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/stationary/">Stationary Power</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/applications/wearables/">Wearables</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-has-children"><a href="#">Learn</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/category/tech-tips/">eBooks/Tech Tips</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://eetrainingdays.com/">EE Training Days</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/faqs/">FAQs</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/learning-center">Learning Center</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/category/tech-toolboxes/">Tech Toolboxes</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://gateway.on24.com/wcc/experience/elitewtwhmedia/2927718/4415581/eeworld">Webinars & Digital Events</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/rd/">R&D</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-has-children"><a href="#">Resources</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/design-guide-library">Design Guide Library</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/category/digital-issues/">Digital Issues</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.designworldonline.com/category/news/women-in-engineering/">Engineering Diversity & Inclusion</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/2023-leap-awards-winners-are-announced/">LEAP Awards</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="http://www.engineeringwhitepapers.com/category/electricalelectronic/">White Papers</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://eetrainingdays.com/">Engineering Training Days</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/battery-power-tips-enewsletters-get-you-caught-up-on-mission-critical-product-updates-teardown-videos-how-tos-webinars-and-more/">Newsletter Subscription</a></li> </ul></div></div></div><script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/plugins/prestitial/assets/js/adlogic.js?ver=1.1.0" id="wtwh_prestitial_core_js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-includes/js/comment-reply.min.js?ver=6.7" id="comment-reply-js" async="async" data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/themes/ThemeWTWH/assets/js/global-min.js?ver=1629218360" id="ea-global-js"></script> <script defer type="text/javascript" src="https://www.batterypowertips.com/wp-content/plugins/akismet/_inc/akismet-frontend.js?ver=1732021842" id="akismet-frontend-js"></script> <script>"undefined"!=typeof jQuery&&jQuery(document).ready(function(){"objectFit"in document.documentElement.style==!1&&(jQuery(".cat-post-item figure").removeClass("cat-post-crop"),jQuery(".cat-post-item figure").addClass("cat-post-crop-not-supported")),(document.documentMode||/Edge/.test(navigator.userAgent))&&(jQuery(".cat-post-item figure img").height("+=1"),window.setTimeout(function(){jQuery(".cat-post-item figure img").height("-=1")},0))});</script> <script type="text/javascript"> if (typeof jQuery !== 'undefined') { var cat_posts_namespace = window.cat_posts_namespace || {}; cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text = cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text || {}; cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size = cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size || {}; cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text = { preWrap : function (widget) { jQuery(widget).find('.cat-post-item').each(function(){ var _that = jQuery(this); _that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').addClass('cpwp-wrap-text'); _that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').closest('div').wrap('<div class="cpwp-wrap-text-stage"></div>'); }); return; }, add : function(_this){ var _that = jQuery(_this); if (_that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').height() < _that.find('.cat-post-thumbnail').height()) { _that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').closest('.cpwp-wrap-text-stage').removeClass( "cpwp-wrap-text" ); _that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').addClass( "cpwp-wrap-text" ); }else{ _that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').removeClass( "cpwp-wrap-text" ); _that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').closest('.cpwp-wrap-text-stage').addClass( "cpwp-wrap-text" ); } return; }, handleLazyLoading : function(_this) { var width = jQuery(_this).find('img').width(); if( 0 !== width ){ cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.add(_this); } else { jQuery(_this).find('img').one("load", function(){ cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.add(_this); }); } return; }, setClass : function (widget) { // var _widget = jQuery(widget); jQuery(widget).find('.cat-post-item').each(function(){ cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.handleLazyLoading(this); }); return; } } cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size = { replace : function(_this){ var _that = jQuery(_this), resp_w = _that.width(), resp_h = _that.height(), orig_w = _that.data('cat-posts-width'), orig_h = _that.data('cat-posts-height'); if( resp_w < orig_w ){ _that.height( resp_w * orig_h / orig_w ); } else { _that.height( '' ); } return; }, handleLazyLoading : function(_this) { var width = jQuery(_this).width(); if( 0 !== width ){ cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.replace(_this); } else { jQuery(_this).one("load", function(){ cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.replace(_this); }); } return; }, setHeight : function (widget) { jQuery(widget).find('.cat-post-item img').each(function(){ cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.handleLazyLoading(this); }); return; } } let widget = jQuery('#category-posts-2-internal'); jQuery( document ).ready(function () { cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.setClass(widget); cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.setHeight(widget); }); jQuery(window).on('load resize', function() { cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.setClass(widget); cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.setHeight(widget); }); // low-end mobile cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.preWrap(widget); cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.setClass(widget); cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.setHeight(widget); } </script> </body></html>