A Thai to English Machine Translation System Using Thai LFG Tree Structure as Interlingua

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Translation System Using Thai LFG Tree Structure as Interlingua</title> <meta name="description" content="A Thai to English Machine Translation System Using Thai LFG Tree Structure as Interlingua"> <meta name="keywords" content="Interlingua, LFG grammar, Machine translation,Pattern matching."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="citation_title" content="A Thai to English Machine Translation System Using Thai LFG Tree Structure as Interlingua"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Tawee Chimsuk"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Surapong Auwatanamongkol"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2009/12/23"> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="International Journal of Mathematical and Computational Sciences"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="3"> <meta name="citation_issue" content="12"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="1134"> <meta 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href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Surapong%20Auwatanamongkol"> Surapong Auwatanamongkol</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Machine Translation (MT) between the Thai and English languages has been a challenging research topic in natural language processing. Most research has been done on English to Thai machine translation, but not the other way around. This paper presents a Thai to English Machine Translation System that translates a Thai sentence into interlingua of a Thai LFG tree using LFG grammar and a bottom up parser. The Thai LFG tree is then transformed into the corresponding English LFG tree by pattern matching and node transformation. Finally, an equivalent English sentence is created using structural information prescribed by the English LFG tree. Based on results of experiments designed to evaluate the performance of the proposed system, it can be stated that the system has been proven to be effective in providing a useful translation from Thai to English.</p> <iframe src="https://publications.waset.org/15130.pdf" style="width:100%; height:400px;" frameborder="0"></iframe> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Interlingua" title="Interlingua">Interlingua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=LFG%20grammar" title=" LFG grammar"> LFG grammar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Machine%20translation" title=" Machine translation"> Machine translation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pattern%20matching." title="Pattern matching.">Pattern matching.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Digital Object Identifier (DOI):</strong> <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1084452" target="_blank">doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1084452</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15130/a-thai-to-english-machine-translation-system-using-thai-lfg-tree-structure-as-interlingua" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15130/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15130/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15130/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15130/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15130/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15130/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15130/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15130/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15130/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15130/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15130.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2295</span> </span> <p class="card-text"><strong>References:</strong></p> <br>[1] A. Prasithrathsint, Y. Hoonchamlong, and S. Savetamalya. Grammatical Theories. 2nd ed. Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 2003. <br>[2] X. Briffault, K. Chibout, G. Sabah, and J. Vapillon. "A Linguistic Engineering Environment using LFG (Lexical Functional Grammar) and CG (Conceptual Graphs)," in Proc. of the LFG97 Conf. University of California, San Diego, 1997 CSLI Publications, pp. 1- 14. <br>[3] W. A. Cook, and S.J., Case Grammar Theory.Georgetown University, Washington, D.C, 1989. <br>[4] B. Dorr, "UNITRAN: An Interlingual Approach to Machine Translation," in Proc. AAAI-87 Sixth National Conf. on Artificial Intelligence, Seattle, WA.,1987. pp.534-539. <br>[5] D. Garden and S. Wannapok, Thai-English dictionary, 3rd ed., B.E. 2549. matichonbook, Bangkok. <br>[6] Y. N. Falk, Lexical-Functional Grammar : An Introduction to Parallel Constraint-Based Syntax. Center for the study of Language and Informantion Stanford, California, 2001. <br>[7] J. C. R. Anton. (2004, Jan, 23). GFU-LAB. Available: http://www3.uji.es/~ruiz/gfulab/. <br>[8] Z. G鈹溾暆ng枚rd鈹溾暆 and K. Of Lazer, "Parsing TURKISH using the Lexical Functional Grammar Formalism." in Proc of the. 15th Conf. Computational linguistics, Kyoto, Japan, 1994, pp. 494 - 500. <br>[9] H. A. G鈹溾暆venir, and I. Cicekli, "Learning Translation Templates from Biligual Texts," in Proc. AIMSA'96, Sozopol, Bulgaria, 1996, pp. 3- 11. <br>[10] Khun B. Bandhumedha , Structure of Thai, 14th ed.,B.E. 2545, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 2002. <br>[11] Y. S. Lee, W. S. Yi, S. Seneff, and C. J. Weinstein, "Interlingua- Based Broad-Coverage Korean-to-English Translation in CCLINC," in Proc.of the first international conf.on Human language technology research, San Diego, 2001, pp. 1 - 6. <br>[12] Human language Technology Laboratory. LEXITRON (online), Available:http://lexitron.nectec.or.th/ <br>[13] S. Maosong, "LFG for Chinese: issues of Representation and Computation," in Proc.of the LFG01 Conf, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 2001. <br>[14] N. Bandhumedha, Thai Grammar. 3rd ed., Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok,2006. <br>[15] N. Kanchanawan, Analysis of Thai Structure, 2nd ed., Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 1999. <br>[16] V. Sornlertlamvanish, T. Charoenporn, and H. Isahara, "Orchid Corpus",Available: http://www.hlt.nectec.or.th/orchid/corpus/corpus.html. <br>[17] P. Sungkhavon, "Semantic relationships between nouns and verbs in Thai sentences," Master of Arts Program, Chulalongkorn Univ., Thailand, 1984. <br>[18] Q. Xuan, Z. Huiping, and C. Huowang, "An Interlingua-Based Chinese-English MT System," Journal of Computer Science and Technology. Vol. 17, Issue 4, July, 2002, pp. 464 - 472. <br>[19] C. K. Turhan, "An English to Turkish Machine Translation System Using Structural Mapping," in Proc.of the fifth Conf. Applied natural language processing, Washington, DC.,1997, pp. 320-323. <br>[20] K. Takeda, "Pattern-Based Machine Translation," in Proc.of the 16th conf. on Computational linguistics, Copenhagen, Denmar, 1996, pp. 1155 - 1158. <br>[21] The Royal Institute Dictionary, 2003. The Royal Institute Dictionary B.E. 2542 1st ed. nanmeebooks, Bangkok. <br>[22] V. Sornlertlamvanish and M. Boriboon, "Thai Concept Classification (Technical Report)," Bangkok, Available: www.links.nectec.or.th/pub/tech/akotech.ps.g <br>[23] V. Sornlertlamvanish and W. Phantachat, "Interlingual Expression for Thai Language (Technical Report)," Bangkok, Available: www.links.nectec.or.th/pub/tech/iltr.ps.gz <br>[24] W. Nathong, Contrastive Analysis of English and Thai, 13th ed., Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 2003. <br>[25] T. Modhiran, K. Kosawat, S. Klaithin, M. Boriboon, and T. Supnithi, "PARSITTE: Online Thai-English Machine Translation," MT Summit X, September 2005, The Tenth Machine Translation Summit, Proc. of Conf., Phuket, Thailand, 2005. </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>

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A Thai to English Machine Translation System Using Thai LFG Tree Structure as Interlingua