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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Laboratory Astrophysics</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">35 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Laboratory Astrophysics</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Laboratory_Astrophysics">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44745235" data-work_id="44745235" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44745235/Laboratory_Astrophysics_From_Observations_to_Interpretation">Laboratory Astrophysics: From Observations to Interpretation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Laboratory astrophysics is the Rosetta Stone that enables astronomers to understand and interpret the distant cosmos. It provides the tools to interpret and guide astronomical observations and delivers the numbers needed to quantitatively... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44745235" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Laboratory astrophysics is the Rosetta Stone that enables astronomers to understand and interpret the distant cosmos. It provides the tools to interpret and guide astronomical observations and delivers the numbers needed to quantitatively model the processes taking place in space, providing a bridge between observers and modelers. IAU Symposium 350 was organized by the International Astronomical Union's Laboratory Astrophysics Commission (B5), and was the first topical symposium on laboratory astrophysics sponsored by the IAU. Active researchers in observational astronomy, space missions, experimental and theoretical laboratory astrophysics, and astrochemistry discuss the topics and challenges facing astronomy today. Five major topics are covered,<br />spanning from star- and planet-formation through stellar populations to extragalactic chemistry and dark matter. Within each topic, the main themes of<br />laboratory studies, astronomical observations, and theoretical modeling are explored, demonstrating the breadth and the plurality of disciplines engaged in the growing eld of laboratory astrophysics.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44745235" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5d4a22df3de9da8544d77de9e2d43f4c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65232006,"asset_id":44745235,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65232006/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ4MDkzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="75416" href="https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama">Farid Salama</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="75416" type="text/json">{"id":75416,"first_name":"Farid","last_name":"Salama","domain_name":"nasa-ames","page_name":"FaridSalama","display_name":"Farid Salama","profile_url":"https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/75416/1022624/1278109/s65_farid.salama.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44745235 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44745235"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44745235, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44745235", }); 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It provides the tools to interpret and guide astronomical observations and delivers the numbers needed to quantitatively model the processes taking place in space, providing a bridge between observers and modelers. IAU Symposium 350 was organized by the International Astronomical Union's Laboratory Astrophysics Commission (B5), and was the first topical symposium on laboratory astrophysics sponsored by the IAU. Active researchers in observational astronomy, space missions, experimental and theoretical laboratory astrophysics, and astrochemistry discuss the topics and challenges facing astronomy today. Five major topics are covered,\nspanning from star- and planet-formation through stellar populations to extragalactic chemistry and dark matter. Within each topic, the main themes of\nlaboratory studies, astronomical observations, and theoretical modeling are explored, demonstrating the breadth and the plurality of disciplines engaged in the growing \u001f eld of laboratory astrophysics.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65232006,"asset_id":44745235,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":75416,"first_name":"Farid","last_name":"Salama","domain_name":"nasa-ames","page_name":"FaridSalama","display_name":"Farid Salama","profile_url":"https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/75416/1022624/1278109/s65_farid.salama.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2417,"name":"Planetary Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Planetary_Science?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":5001,"name":"Astrobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrobiology?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":11124,"name":"Astrochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrochemistry?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":23179,"name":"Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":24727,"name":"Planetary Atmospheres","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Planetary_Atmospheres?f_ri=15904"},{"id":47599,"name":"Astronomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astronomy?f_ri=15904"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36551581" data-work_id="36551581" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/36551581/Solar_Group_Geometrical_Structure">Solar Group Geometrical Structure</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstract - The rate 1.0725 is found frequently between many solar planets orbital and internal distances (a constant rate) - I suggest this rate is found because of Lorentz Contraction Phenomenon i.e. - There's a difference in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36551581" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstract <br />- The rate 1.0725 is found frequently between many solar planets orbital and internal distances (a constant rate) <br />- I suggest this rate is found because of Lorentz Contraction Phenomenon <br />i.e. <br />- There's a difference in velocities = "light velocity" between 2 motions in the solar group (even if we can't measure or notice this velocities difference) <br />i.e. <br />There's More Than One Frame In The Solar Group<br /><br />This paper suggests a clear argument as following: <br />1. The solar group is created by light beams, but we see these light beams in different forms (as matters and distances) <br /><br />2. We see the light as matter (Specifically, bright fringes produced by light coherence we see as matters, where dark fringes we see as distances)<br /><br />3. We see bright fringes as matters because our mind works by light velocity (Mind Thinking Process), so the whole matter around us is found because of the human mind effect. <br /><br />4. to enable us to see the sun rays, Earth has to move with light velocity relative to the sun, to create a difference in velocities = c velocity <br /><br />5. So, the sun creation depends on the difference in Earth and Sun motions = c velocity. <br /><br />6. That's why Lorentz contraction phenomenon is seen in the solar orbital and internal distances, specifically with the constant rate = 1.0725, (which equals 7.25%), where the sun obliquity to ecliptic (7.25 degrees).<br /><br />7. means, the sun creation process contains Lorentz Phenomenon Effect on the solar orbital and internal distances (and on many other values)  <br />8. The Distance can be defined as "A Form Of Energy", which is proved by the moon orbit regression yearly 19 degrees (Metonic Cycle) (otherwise how distance can move?) (that supports the claim that, distances are dark fringes produced by light coherence) <br /><br />This Paper Consists Of 2 Parts <br />1st Part    : Theory Of Matter Creation <br />2nd Part    : Application on the theory (the solar group creation from the light)  <br /> Starting From The Solar Group First Energy<br /> Explaining The Energy Coherence (light coherence) <br /> Discovering The Matter Creation <br /> Providing The Solar Group Motions Harmony Reasons</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36551581" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d381a7468df93b17757ec954a0195314" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56476486,"asset_id":36551581,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56476486/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ4MDkzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26594878" rel="nofollow" href="https://rudn.academia.edu/GergesTawadrous">Gerges Tawadrous</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26594878" type="text/json">{"id":26594878,"first_name":"Gerges","last_name":"Tawadrous","domain_name":"rudn","page_name":"GergesTawadrous","display_name":"Gerges Tawadrous","profile_url":"https://rudn.academia.edu/GergesTawadrous?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26594878/7402807/18435866/s65_gerges.tawadrous.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36551581 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36551581"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36551581, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36551581", }); 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(that supports the claim that, distances are dark fringes produced by light coherence) \n\nThis Paper Consists Of 2 Parts \n1st Part : Theory Of Matter Creation \n2nd Part : Application on the theory (the solar group creation from the light) \n\tStarting From The Solar Group First Energy\n\tExplaining The Energy Coherence (light coherence) \n\tDiscovering The Matter Creation \n\tProviding The Solar Group Motions Harmony Reasons \n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56476486,"asset_id":36551581,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26594878,"first_name":"Gerges","last_name":"Tawadrous","domain_name":"rudn","page_name":"GergesTawadrous","display_name":"Gerges Tawadrous","profile_url":"https://rudn.academia.edu/GergesTawadrous?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26594878/7402807/18435866/s65_gerges.tawadrous.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":54,"name":"Engineering 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href="https://www.academia.edu/11109453/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BC_%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%BB_%D0%9E%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_">Брошура на кръжока по Астрономия към Университетския център за космически изследвания и технологии на Софийския университет "Св. Кл. Охридски"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Кръжокa по астрономия при Университетския център за космически изследвания Извършва астрономически наблюдения под ръководството на опитни астрономи, научни изследвания в областта на астрофизиката и космическите изследвания. Членове... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11109453" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Кръжокa по астрономия <br />при Университетския център за космически изследвания <br />Извършва астрономически наблюдения под ръководството на опитни астрономи, научни изследвания в областта на астрофизиката и космическите изследвания. <br /> <br />Членове на Кръжока участваха в наблюденията довели до откриването на над 50 нови Български астероида през последните 10 години и нарекоха астероиди на името на наши национални герои-Васил Левски, Хр.Ботев и др! <br /> <br /> Този кръжок има самостоятелни научни изследвания по астрономия. В него студенти и ученици могат да провеждат собствени научни изследвания със значими резултати, под ръководството на специалисти. Кръжокът е направил всички калибровки на астрономическите наблюдения на Националната програма за наблюдения на слънчевото затъмнение през 1999 г и 6 експедиции за наблюдение на слънчевите затъмнения през 2006 и 1999 г. В кръжока членуват студенти и ученици от различни университети, факултети и училища. <br /> Част от астрономическите обекти наблюдавани и заснети от кръжока са: Редки астрономически явления (комети, слънчеви и лунни затъмнения) във видими и инфрачервени лъчи, невидимите части на слънчевата корона до разстояния 5 пъти по- големи от тези до които се вижда с просто око, невидимата част от слънчевата корона в инфрачервени лъчи,ИЧ-снимки на метеорен поток, мъглявини и галактики <br />Сбирките на кръжока са всяка сряда от 19 ч. ауд. Б302 или А209 <br />Справки и записване: <a href="mailto:YYShopov@gmail.com" rel="nofollow">YYShopov@gmail.com</a>, тел. 81-61-(732), (844)</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11109453" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9a4fdefbb67995b819973a6830bbf434" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38059795,"asset_id":11109453,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38059795/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ4MDkzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="108450" href="https://uni-sofia.academia.edu/YavorShopov">Yavor Shopov</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="108450" type="text/json">{"id":108450,"first_name":"Yavor","last_name":"Shopov","domain_name":"uni-sofia","page_name":"YavorShopov","display_name":"Yavor Shopov","profile_url":"https://uni-sofia.academia.edu/YavorShopov?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/108450/29688/10986304/s65_yavor.shopov.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11109453 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11109453"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11109453, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11109453", }); 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Кл. Охридски\"","created_at":"2015-02-26T05:32:06.303-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11109453/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BC_%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%BB_%D0%9E%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_?f_ri=15904","dom_id":"work_11109453","summary":"Кръжокa по астрономия\r\nпри Университетския център за космически изследвания\r\nИзвършва астрономически наблюдения под ръководството на опитни астрономи, научни изследвания в областта на астрофизиката и космическите изследвания. \r\n\r\nЧленове на Кръжока участваха в наблюденията довели до откриването на над 50 нови Български астероида през последните 10 години и нарекоха астероиди на името на наши национални герои-Васил Левски, Хр.Ботев и др!\r\n\r\n\tТози кръжок има самостоятелни научни изследвания по астрономия. В него студенти и ученици могат да провеждат собствени научни изследвания със значими резултати, под ръководството на специалисти. Кръжокът е направил всички калибровки на астрономическите наблюдения на Националната програма за наблюдения на слънчевото затъмнение през 1999 г и 6 експедиции за наблюдение на слънчевите затъмнения през 2006 и 1999 г. В кръжока членуват студенти и ученици от различни университети, факултети и училища.\r\n\tЧаст от астрономическите обекти наблюдавани и заснети от кръжока са: Редки астрономически явления (комети, слънчеви и лунни затъмнения) във видими и инфрачервени лъчи, невидимите части на слънчевата корона до разстояния 5 пъти по- големи от тези до които се вижда с просто око, невидимата част от слънчевата корона в инфрачервени лъчи,ИЧ-снимки на метеорен поток, мъглявини и галактики\r\nСбирките на кръжока са всяка сряда от 19 ч. ауд. Б302 или А209 \r\nСправки и записване: YYShopov@gmail.com, тел. 81-61-(732), (844)\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38059795,"asset_id":11109453,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":108450,"first_name":"Yavor","last_name":"Shopov","domain_name":"uni-sofia","page_name":"YavorShopov","display_name":"Yavor Shopov","profile_url":"https://uni-sofia.academia.edu/YavorShopov?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/108450/29688/10986304/s65_yavor.shopov.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":702,"name":"Observational Astronomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Observational_Astronomy?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":710,"name":"Stellar Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stellar_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":719,"name":"High Energy Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":4535,"name":"Space 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Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astronomy_Education?f_ri=15904"},{"id":69383,"name":"Solar Physics, Stellar Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solar_Physics_Stellar_Physics_Astronomy_and_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":675517,"name":"Physics and Astronomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics_and_Astronomy?f_ri=15904"},{"id":991782,"name":"Astronomy (Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astronomy_Physics?f_ri=15904"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37020300" data-work_id="37020300" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/37020300/Mercury_Velocity">Mercury Velocity</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Solar Data Analysis tells us that…… Mercury has 2 velocities 1 st Velocity = 47.4 km/sec which is registered in NASA Planetary Fact Sheet 2 nd Velocity= 47.8 km/sec which is necessary velocity to cover Mercury Orbital Circumference 57.9... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37020300" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Solar Data Analysis tells us that…… Mercury has 2 velocities 1 st Velocity = 47.4 km/sec which is registered in NASA Planetary Fact Sheet 2 nd Velocity= 47.8 km/sec which is necessary velocity to cover Mercury Orbital Circumference 57.9 mkm x 2π= 364 mkm in Mercury Orbital Period 88 days The difference between both velocities = 1%</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li 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data-has-card-for-ri="318" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Physics">Mathematical Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="318" type="text/json">{"id":318,"name":"Mathematical Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="498" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="498" type="text/json">{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="503" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Physics">Theoretical Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="503" type="text/json">{"id":503,"name":"Theoretical Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="518" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Physics">Quantum Physics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="518" type="text/json">{"id":518,"name":"Quantum Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37020300]'), work: {"id":37020300,"title":"Mercury Velocity","created_at":"2018-07-10T11:18:50.541-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37020300/Mercury_Velocity?f_ri=15904","dom_id":"work_37020300","summary":"Solar Data Analysis tells us that…… Mercury has 2 velocities 1 st Velocity = 47.4 km/sec which is registered in NASA Planetary Fact Sheet 2 nd Velocity= 47.8 km/sec which is necessary velocity to cover Mercury Orbital 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u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35003149" data-work_id="35003149" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/35003149/Copernicus_Kepler_Model_Modification">Copernicus-Kepler Model Modification</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Copernicus-Kepler Model Modification: 1- The sun is on the vertical level relative to the Earth. 2- All solar planets are found on the horizontal level relative to the Earth 3- The Sun is higher than the Earth, and higher than all... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35003149" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Copernicus-Kepler Model Modification: <br />1- The sun is on the vertical level relative to the Earth. <br />2- All solar planets are found on the horizontal level relative to the Earth <br />3- The Sun is higher than the Earth, and higher than all solar planets <br />4- The straight line from the Sun to the Earth is the main line in the solar group  <br />5- The planets revolve around this line, and not around the sun herself.. <br />6- i.e. the Planets revolve around the line connected between the Sun and the Earth…<br />7- That means when the planet revolve around the sun, he will revolve around the Earth also because both of them connected by this same one line    <br />8- That's why, the Ptolemy model lived very long time, because it was correct <br />9- So if the planet revolve around the sun or around the Earth the result will be the same, because both of them contributed to create the main line in the solar group <br />10- And because the sun is higher than the Earth, we see the sun hesitating motion to forward and backward with angle 63.7 degrees yearly, as a circle motion<br />11- So the sun circle motion is NOT true, but resulted from our wrong vision for the sun motion… <br />12- I claim, the planets from the Earth to Pluto move toward the sun, but Mercury and Venus move in the reverse direction <br />13- The Earth daily displacement toward the sun = 1 km <br />14- The previous modification can give us some explanation for the Egyptian astronomical phenomenon 2737, in which Mercury, Venus and Saturn were perpendicular on the Earth on 3/12/2012 (on the three Egyptian pyramids heads - appendix No.1),<br />15- Which proves, that the planets Not only revolve around the sun but also revolve around the Earth, supports this modification.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm 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the solar group \n5-\tThe planets revolve around this line, and not around the sun herself.. \n6-\ti.e. the Planets revolve around the line connected between the Sun and the Earth…\n7-\tThat means when the planet revolve around the sun, he will revolve around the Earth also because both of them connected by this same one line \n8-\tThat's why, the Ptolemy model lived very long time, because it was correct \n9-\tSo if the planet revolve around the sun or around the Earth the result will be the same, because both of them contributed to create the main line in the solar group \n10-\tAnd because the sun is higher than the Earth, we see the sun hesitating motion to forward and backward with angle 63.7 degrees yearly, as a circle motion\n11-\tSo the sun circle motion is NOT true, but resulted from our wrong vision for the sun motion… \n12-\tI claim, the planets from the Earth to Pluto move toward the sun, but Mercury and Venus move in the reverse direction \n13-\tThe Earth daily displacement toward the sun = 1 km \n14-\tThe previous modification can give us some explanation for the Egyptian astronomical phenomenon 2737, in which Mercury, Venus and Saturn were perpendicular on the Earth on 3/12/2012 (on the three Egyptian pyramids heads - appendix No.1),\n15-\tWhich proves, that the planets Not only revolve around the sun but also revolve around the Earth, supports this modification. \n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54867511,"asset_id":35003149,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26594878,"first_name":"Gerges","last_name":"Tawadrous","domain_name":"rudn","page_name":"GergesTawadrous","display_name":"Gerges Tawadrous","profile_url":"https://rudn.academia.edu/GergesTawadrous?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26594878/7402807/18435866/s65_gerges.tawadrous.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":318,"name":"Mathematical 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class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9117879" data-work_id="9117879" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9117879/Kelvin_Helmholtz_Turbulence_Associated_with_Collisionless_Shocks_in_Laser_Produced_Plasmas">Kelvin-Helmholtz Turbulence Associated with Collisionless Shocks in Laser Produced Plasmas</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We report the experimental results of a turbulent electric field driven by Kelvin-Helmholtz instability associated with laser produced collisionless shock waves. By irradiating an aluminum double plane target with a high-power laser,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9117879" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We report the experimental results of a turbulent electric field driven by Kelvin-Helmholtz instability associated with laser produced collisionless shock waves. By irradiating an aluminum double plane target with a high-power laser, counterstreaming plasma flows are generated. As the consequence of the two<br />plasma interactions, two shock waves and the contact surface are excited. The shock electric field and transverse modulation of the contact surface are observed by proton radiography. Performing hydrodynamic simulations, we reproduce the time evolutions of the reverse shocks and the transverse modulation driven by Kelvin-Helmholtz instability.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9117879" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ac013bc586881969921fd044e036a711" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35409825,"asset_id":9117879,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35409825/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ4MDkzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16348947" href="https://jiht.academia.edu/SergeyPikuz">Sergey Pikuz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16348947" type="text/json">{"id":16348947,"first_name":"Sergey","last_name":"Pikuz","domain_name":"jiht","page_name":"SergeyPikuz","display_name":"Sergey Pikuz","profile_url":"https://jiht.academia.edu/SergeyPikuz?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16348947/4441543/5149641/s65_sergey.pikuz.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9117879 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9117879"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9117879, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9117879", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9117879]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9117879").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9117879").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9117879"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15904" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics">Laboratory Astrophysics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15904" type="text/json">{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9117879]'), work: {"id":9117879,"title":"Kelvin-Helmholtz Turbulence Associated with Collisionless Shocks in Laser Produced Plasmas","created_at":"2014-11-04T02:27:25.720-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9117879/Kelvin_Helmholtz_Turbulence_Associated_with_Collisionless_Shocks_in_Laser_Produced_Plasmas?f_ri=15904","dom_id":"work_9117879","summary":"We report the experimental results of a turbulent electric field driven by Kelvin-Helmholtz instability associated with laser produced collisionless shock waves. By irradiating an aluminum double plane target with a high-power laser, counterstreaming plasma flows are generated. As the consequence of the two\nplasma interactions, two shock waves and the contact surface are excited. The shock electric field and transverse modulation of the contact surface are observed by proton radiography. Performing hydrodynamic simulations, we reproduce the time evolutions of the reverse shocks and the transverse modulation driven by Kelvin-Helmholtz instability.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35409825,"asset_id":9117879,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16348947,"first_name":"Sergey","last_name":"Pikuz","domain_name":"jiht","page_name":"SergeyPikuz","display_name":"Sergey Pikuz","profile_url":"https://jiht.academia.edu/SergeyPikuz?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16348947/4441543/5149641/s65_sergey.pikuz.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47294231" data-work_id="47294231" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47294231/New_Discoveries_in_Cosmology_and_Fundamental_Physics_through_Advances_in_Laboratory_Astrophysics">New Discoveries in Cosmology and Fundamental Physics through Advances in Laboratory Astrophysics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47294231" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b70153dd6d006bcb6fd733b8d2abaca1" rel="nofollow" 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$(".js-view-count-work_47294231").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="47294231"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2578" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics">Particle Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2578" type="text/json">{"id":2578,"name":"Particle Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4818" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Matter">Dark Matter</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4818" type="text/json">{"id":4818,"name":"Dark Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Matter?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11050" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Galaxy_Formation_and_Evolution">Galaxy Formation and Evolution</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11050" type="text/json">{"id":11050,"name":"Galaxy Formation and Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Galaxy_Formation_and_Evolution?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11057" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intergalactic_Medium">Intergalactic Medium</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11057" type="text/json">{"id":11057,"name":"Intergalactic Medium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intergalactic_Medium?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=47294231]'), work: {"id":47294231,"title":"New Discoveries in Cosmology and Fundamental Physics through Advances in Laboratory Astrophysics","created_at":"2021-04-21T11:05:12.369-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/47294231/New_Discoveries_in_Cosmology_and_Fundamental_Physics_through_Advances_in_Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","dom_id":"work_47294231","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66462774,"asset_id":47294231,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":58248185,"first_name":"Steven","last_name":"Federman","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StevenFederman","display_name":"Steven Federman","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StevenFederman?f_ri=15904","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2578,"name":"Particle Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":4818,"name":"Dark Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Matter?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":11050,"name":"Galaxy Formation and Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Galaxy_Formation_and_Evolution?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":11057,"name":"Intergalactic Medium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intergalactic_Medium?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":14024,"name":"High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":16619,"name":"Early Universe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Universe?f_ri=15904"},{"id":16620,"name":"Dark Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Energy?f_ri=15904"},{"id":23179,"name":"Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":47599,"name":"Astronomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astronomy?f_ri=15904"},{"id":215075,"name":"Experimental Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Study?f_ri=15904"},{"id":398156,"name":"Large Scale Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Large_Scale_Structure?f_ri=15904"},{"id":758278,"name":"Large Scale","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Large_Scale?f_ri=15904"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26387883 coauthored" data-work_id="26387883" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26387883/Structure_and_Dynamics_of_Colliding_Plasma_Jets">Structure and Dynamics of Colliding Plasma Jets</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Monoenergetic-proton radiographs of laser-generated, high-Mach-number plasma jets colliding at various angles shed light on the structures and dynamics of these collisions. The observations compare favorably with results from 2D... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26387883" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Monoenergetic-proton radiographs of laser-generated, high-Mach-number plasma jets colliding at various angles shed light on the structures and dynamics of these collisions. The observations compare favorably with results from 2D hydrodynamic simulations of multistream plasma jets, and also with results from an analytic treatment of electron flow and magnetic field advection. In collisions of two noncollinear jets, the observed flow structure is similar to the analytic model's prediction of a characteristic feature with a narrow structure pointing in one direction and a much thicker one pointing in the opposite direction. Spontaneous magnetic fields, largely azimuthal around the colliding jets and generated by the well-known rT e Â rn e Biermann battery effect near the periphery of the laser spots, are demonstrated to be ''frozen in'' the plasma (due to high magnetic Reynolds number Re M $ 5 Â 10 4) and advected along the jet streamlines of the electron flow. These studies provide novel insight into the interactions and dynamics of colliding plasma jets.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26387883" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d152259f9bd4c07ea106b181d2978b61" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46688928,"asset_id":26387883,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46688928/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ4MDkzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50321047" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LiChikang">Chikang Li</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50321047" type="text/json">{"id":50321047,"first_name":"Chikang","last_name":"Li","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LiChikang","display_name":"Chikang Li","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LiChikang?f_ri=15904","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-26387883">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-26387883"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/FSeguin">F. Seguin</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-26387883'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-26387883').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26387883 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26387883"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26387883, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26387883", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_26387883 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26387883; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_26387883"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_26387883 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26387883"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26387883; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26387883]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26387883").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26387883").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26387883"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15904" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics">Laboratory Astrophysics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15904" type="text/json">{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26387883]'), work: {"id":26387883,"title":"Structure and Dynamics of Colliding Plasma Jets","created_at":"2016-06-21T15:41:24.543-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26387883/Structure_and_Dynamics_of_Colliding_Plasma_Jets?f_ri=15904","dom_id":"work_26387883","summary":"Monoenergetic-proton radiographs of laser-generated, high-Mach-number plasma jets colliding at various angles shed light on the structures and dynamics of these collisions. The observations compare favorably with results from 2D hydrodynamic simulations of multistream plasma jets, and also with results from an analytic treatment of electron flow and magnetic field advection. In collisions of two noncollinear jets, the observed flow structure is similar to the analytic model's prediction of a characteristic feature with a narrow structure pointing in one direction and a much thicker one pointing in the opposite direction. Spontaneous magnetic fields, largely azimuthal around the colliding jets and generated by the well-known rT e Â rn e Biermann battery effect near the periphery of the laser spots, are demonstrated to be ''frozen in'' the plasma (due to high magnetic Reynolds number Re M $ 5 Â 10 4) and advected along the jet streamlines of the electron flow. These studies provide novel insight into the interactions and dynamics of colliding plasma jets.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46688928,"asset_id":26387883,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50321047,"first_name":"Chikang","last_name":"Li","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LiChikang","display_name":"Chikang Li","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LiChikang?f_ri=15904","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":50393869,"first_name":"F.","last_name":"Seguin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FSeguin","display_name":"F. Seguin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FSeguin?f_ri=15904","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15664197 coauthored" data-work_id="15664197" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15664197/The_impact_of_recent_advances_in_laboratory_astrophysics_on_our_understanding_of_the_cosmos">The impact of recent advances in laboratory astrophysics on our understanding of the cosmos</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">An emerging theme in modern astrophysics is the connection between astronomical observations and the underlying physical phenomena that drive our cosmos. Both the mechanisms responsible for the observed astrophysical phenomena and the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15664197" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">An emerging theme in modern astrophysics is the connection between astronomical observations and the underlying physical phenomena that drive our cosmos. Both the mechanisms responsible for the observed astrophysical phenomena and the tools used to probe such phenomena -the radiation and particle spectra we observe -have their roots in atomic, molecular, condensed matter, plasma, nuclear and particle physics. Chemistry is implicitly included in both molecular and condensed matter physics. This connection is the theme of the present report, which provides a broad, though non-exhaustive, overview of progress in our understanding of the cosmos resulting from recent theoretical and experimental advances in what is commonly called laboratory astrophysics. This work, carried out by a diverse community of laboratory astrophysicists, is increasingly important as astrophysics transitions into an era of precise measurement and high fidelity modeling.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15664197" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="34b7e602830b431c62762134e107d2c1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42989889,"asset_id":15664197,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42989889/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ4MDkzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34847305" href="https://uky.academia.edu/GaryFerland">Gary Ferland</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34847305" type="text/json">{"id":34847305,"first_name":"Gary","last_name":"Ferland","domain_name":"uky","page_name":"GaryFerland","display_name":"Gary Ferland","profile_url":"https://uky.academia.edu/GaryFerland?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34847305/10156085/11333121/s65_gary.ferland.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-15664197">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-15664197"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama">Farid Salama</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-15664197'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-15664197').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15664197 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15664197"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15664197, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15664197", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_15664197 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15664197; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_15664197"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_15664197 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15664197"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15664197; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15664197]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15664197").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15664197").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15664197"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2578" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics">Particle Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2578" type="text/json">{"id":2578,"name":"Particle Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15904" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics">Laboratory Astrophysics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15904" type="text/json">{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80414" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences">Mathematical Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="80414" type="text/json">{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118582" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences">Physical sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="118582" type="text/json">{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15664197]'), work: {"id":15664197,"title":"The impact of recent advances in laboratory astrophysics on our understanding of the cosmos","created_at":"2015-09-13T17:31:10.527-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15664197/The_impact_of_recent_advances_in_laboratory_astrophysics_on_our_understanding_of_the_cosmos?f_ri=15904","dom_id":"work_15664197","summary":"An emerging theme in modern astrophysics is the connection between astronomical observations and the underlying physical phenomena that drive our cosmos. Both the mechanisms responsible for the observed astrophysical phenomena and the tools used to probe such phenomena -the radiation and particle spectra we observe -have their roots in atomic, molecular, condensed matter, plasma, nuclear and particle physics. Chemistry is implicitly included in both molecular and condensed matter physics. This connection is the theme of the present report, which provides a broad, though non-exhaustive, overview of progress in our understanding of the cosmos resulting from recent theoretical and experimental advances in what is commonly called laboratory astrophysics. This work, carried out by a diverse community of laboratory astrophysicists, is increasingly important as astrophysics transitions into an era of precise measurement and high fidelity modeling.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42989889,"asset_id":15664197,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34847305,"first_name":"Gary","last_name":"Ferland","domain_name":"uky","page_name":"GaryFerland","display_name":"Gary Ferland","profile_url":"https://uky.academia.edu/GaryFerland?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34847305/10156085/11333121/s65_gary.ferland.jpg"},{"id":75416,"first_name":"Farid","last_name":"Salama","domain_name":"nasa-ames","page_name":"FaridSalama","display_name":"Farid Salama","profile_url":"https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/75416/1022624/1278109/s65_farid.salama.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2578,"name":"Particle Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5385013" data-work_id="5385013" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5385013/Numerical_simulations_of_energy_transfer_in_counter_streaming_plasmas">Numerical simulations of energy transfer in counter-streaming plasmas</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Collisionless shock formation is investigated with large scale fully electromagnetic two-dimensional Particle-in-Cell numerical simulations. Two plasmas are colliding in the center of mass reference frame at sub-relativistic velocities.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5385013" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Collisionless shock formation is investigated with large scale fully electromagnetic two-dimensional Particle-in-Cell numerical simulations. Two plasmas are colliding in the center of mass reference frame at sub-relativistic velocities. Their interaction leads to collisionless stochastic electron heating, ion slowing down and formation of a shock front. We focus here on the initial stage of evolution where electron heating is due to the Weibel-like micro-instability driven by the high-speed ion flow. A two stage process is described in the detailed analysis of our simulation results. Filament generation, followed by turbulent mixing, constitute the dominant mechanism for energy repartition. The global properties are illustrated by examination of single filament evolution in terms of energy/particle density and fields.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5385013" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ebd8b7181da65c0174e414dce056e0a7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32526906,"asset_id":5385013,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32526906/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ4MDkzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5442956" href="https://strathclyde.academia.edu/RemiCapdessus">Remi Capdessus</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5442956" type="text/json">{"id":5442956,"first_name":"Remi","last_name":"Capdessus","domain_name":"strathclyde","page_name":"RemiCapdessus","display_name":"Remi Capdessus","profile_url":"https://strathclyde.academia.edu/RemiCapdessus?f_ri=15904","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5385013 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5385013"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5385013, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5385013", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_5385013 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5385013; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_5385013"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_5385013 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5385013"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5385013; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5385013]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5385013").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5385013").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5385013"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="517" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plasma_Physics">Plasma Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="517" type="text/json">{"id":517,"name":"Plasma Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plasma_Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15904" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics">Laboratory Astrophysics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15904" type="text/json">{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1215122" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collisionless_Shock">Collisionless Shock</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1215122" type="text/json">{"id":1215122,"name":"Collisionless Shock","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collisionless_Shock?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5385013]'), work: {"id":5385013,"title":"Numerical simulations of energy transfer in counter-streaming plasmas","created_at":"2013-12-10T21:40:46.454-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5385013/Numerical_simulations_of_energy_transfer_in_counter_streaming_plasmas?f_ri=15904","dom_id":"work_5385013","summary":"Collisionless shock formation is investigated with large scale fully electromagnetic two-dimensional Particle-in-Cell numerical simulations. Two plasmas are colliding in the center of mass reference frame at sub-relativistic velocities. Their interaction leads to collisionless stochastic electron heating, ion slowing down and formation of a shock front. We focus here on the initial stage of evolution where electron heating is due to the Weibel-like micro-instability driven by the high-speed ion flow. A two stage process is described in the detailed analysis of our simulation results. Filament generation, followed by turbulent mixing, constitute the dominant mechanism for energy repartition. The global properties are illustrated by examination of single filament evolution in terms of energy/particle density and fields.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32526906,"asset_id":5385013,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5442956,"first_name":"Remi","last_name":"Capdessus","domain_name":"strathclyde","page_name":"RemiCapdessus","display_name":"Remi Capdessus","profile_url":"https://strathclyde.academia.edu/RemiCapdessus?f_ri=15904","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":517,"name":"Plasma Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plasma_Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":1215122,"name":"Collisionless Shock","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collisionless_Shock?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_77539033" data-work_id="77539033" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77539033/Similarity_Properties_and_Scaling_Laws_of_Radiation_Hydrodynamic_Flows_in_Laboratory_Astrophysics">Similarity Properties and Scaling Laws of Radiation Hydrodynamic Flows in Laboratory Astrophysics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The spectacular recent development of modern high-energy density laboratory facilities which concentrate more and more energy in millimetric volumes allows the astrophysical community to reproduce and to explore, in millimeter-scale... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_77539033" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The spectacular recent development of modern high-energy density laboratory facilities which concentrate more and more energy in millimetric volumes allows the astrophysical community to reproduce and to explore, in millimeter-scale targets and during very short times, astrophysical phenomena where radiation and matter are strongly coupled. The astrophysical relevance of these experiments can be checked from the similarity properties and especially scaling laws establishment, which constitutes the keystone of laboratory astrophysics. From the radiating optically thin regime to the so-called optically thick radiative pressure regime, we present in this paper, for the first time, a complete analysis of the main radiating regimes that we encountered in laboratory astrophysics with the same formalism based on the Lie-group theory. The use of the Lie group method appears as systematic which allows to construct easily and orderly the scaling laws of a given problem. This powerful tool permits to unify the recent major advances on scaling laws and to identify new similarity concepts that we discuss in this paper and which opens important applications for the present and the future laboratory astrophysics experiments. All these results enable to demonstrate theoretically that astrophysical phenomena in such radiating regimes can be explored experimentally thanks to powerful facilities. Consequently the results presented here are a fundamental tool for the high-energy density laboratory astrophysics community in order to quantify the astrophysics relevance and justify laser experiments. Moreover, relying on the Lie-group theory, this paper constitutes the starting point of any analysis of the self-similar dynamics of radiating fluids.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/77539033" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="242a4d96ebed0c61ad5721913c383029" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":84875969,"asset_id":77539033,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84875969/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ4MDkzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39612511" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SergeBouquet">Serge Bouquet</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39612511" type="text/json">{"id":39612511,"first_name":"Serge","last_name":"Bouquet","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SergeBouquet","display_name":"Serge Bouquet","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SergeBouquet?f_ri=15904","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_77539033 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="77539033"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77539033, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_77539033", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77539033]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_77539033").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_77539033").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="77539033"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="498" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="498" type="text/json">{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="531" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organic_Chemistry">Organic Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="531" type="text/json">{"id":531,"name":"Organic Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organic_Chemistry?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="723" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysical_Plasma">Astrophysical Plasma</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="723" type="text/json">{"id":723,"name":"Astrophysical Plasma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysical_Plasma?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15904" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics">Laboratory Astrophysics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15904" type="text/json">{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=77539033]'), work: {"id":77539033,"title":"Similarity Properties and Scaling Laws of Radiation Hydrodynamic Flows in Laboratory Astrophysics","created_at":"2022-04-25T01:54:49.428-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/77539033/Similarity_Properties_and_Scaling_Laws_of_Radiation_Hydrodynamic_Flows_in_Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","dom_id":"work_77539033","summary":"The spectacular recent development of modern high-energy density laboratory facilities which concentrate more and more energy in millimetric volumes allows the astrophysical community to reproduce and to explore, in millimeter-scale targets and during very short times, astrophysical phenomena where radiation and matter are strongly coupled. The astrophysical relevance of these experiments can be checked from the similarity properties and especially scaling laws establishment, which constitutes the keystone of laboratory astrophysics. From the radiating optically thin regime to the so-called optically thick radiative pressure regime, we present in this paper, for the first time, a complete analysis of the main radiating regimes that we encountered in laboratory astrophysics with the same formalism based on the Lie-group theory. The use of the Lie group method appears as systematic which allows to construct easily and orderly the scaling laws of a given problem. This powerful tool permits to unify the recent major advances on scaling laws and to identify new similarity concepts that we discuss in this paper and which opens important applications for the present and the future laboratory astrophysics experiments. All these results enable to demonstrate theoretically that astrophysical phenomena in such radiating regimes can be explored experimentally thanks to powerful facilities. Consequently the results presented here are a fundamental tool for the high-energy density laboratory astrophysics community in order to quantify the astrophysics relevance and justify laser experiments. Moreover, relying on the Lie-group theory, this paper constitutes the starting point of any analysis of the self-similar dynamics of radiating fluids.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84875969,"asset_id":77539033,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39612511,"first_name":"Serge","last_name":"Bouquet","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SergeBouquet","display_name":"Serge Bouquet","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SergeBouquet?f_ri=15904","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":531,"name":"Organic Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organic_Chemistry?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":723,"name":"Astrophysical Plasma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysical_Plasma?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":33317,"name":"Radiation Hydrodynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Hydrodynamics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":39018,"name":"Lie Groups","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lie_Groups?f_ri=15904"},{"id":220059,"name":"Subject headings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Subject_headings?f_ri=15904"},{"id":442314,"name":"Radiative Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiative_Transfer?f_ri=15904"},{"id":603952,"name":"Lie Group","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lie_Group?f_ri=15904"},{"id":837148,"name":"Shock Wave","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shock_Wave?f_ri=15904"},{"id":972684,"name":"Scaling Laws","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scaling_Laws?f_ri=15904"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_55642405" data-work_id="55642405" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/55642405/Numerical_simulations_of_energy_transfer_in_counter_streaming_plasmas">Numerical simulations of energy transfer in counter–streaming plasmas</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/55642405" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5e33a98808d3dac9b252d8c1c2f2c316" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":71418480,"asset_id":55642405,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/71418480/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ4MDkzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51119374" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StanleyDavis1">Stanley Davis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51119374" type="text/json">{"id":51119374,"first_name":"Stanley","last_name":"Davis","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StanleyDavis1","display_name":"Stanley Davis","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StanleyDavis1?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/51119374/32804613/29499987/s65_stanley.davis.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_55642405 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="55642405"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 55642405, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_55642405", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=55642405]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_55642405").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_55642405").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="55642405"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="517" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plasma_Physics">Plasma Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="517" type="text/json">{"id":517,"name":"Plasma Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plasma_Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15904" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics">Laboratory Astrophysics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15904" type="text/json">{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16012" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Density_Physics">High Energy Density Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16012" type="text/json">{"id":16012,"name":"High Energy Density Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Density_Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118582" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences">Physical sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="118582" type="text/json">{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=55642405]'), work: {"id":55642405,"title":"Numerical simulations of energy transfer in counter–streaming plasmas","created_at":"2021-10-05T07:54:35.477-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/55642405/Numerical_simulations_of_energy_transfer_in_counter_streaming_plasmas?f_ri=15904","dom_id":"work_55642405","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":71418480,"asset_id":55642405,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":51119374,"first_name":"Stanley","last_name":"Davis","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StanleyDavis1","display_name":"Stanley Davis","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StanleyDavis1?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/51119374/32804613/29499987/s65_stanley.davis.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":517,"name":"Plasma Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plasma_Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":16012,"name":"High Energy Density Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Density_Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":1215122,"name":"Collisionless Shock","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collisionless_Shock?f_ri=15904"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12767985" data-work_id="12767985" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12767985/A_Critical_Review_of_PAHs_as_DIB_Carriers_Progress_and_Open_Questions">A Critical Review of PAHs as DIB Carriers-Progress and Open Questions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">PAHs are among the most commonly proposed and popular candidates for DIB carriers. We present a critical assessment of the PAH-DIB model in view of the progress and the advances that have recently been achieved through a series of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12767985" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">PAHs are among the most commonly proposed and popular candidates for DIB carriers. We present a critical assessment of the PAH-DIB model in view of the progress and the advances that have recently been achieved through a series of complementary studies involving astronomical observations of DIBs, laboratory simulation of interstellar analogs for PAHs (neutrals and ions), space exposure experiments of PAHs, theoretical calculations of PAH spectra and the modeling of diffuse and translucent interstellar clouds. What have we learned from these complementary studies? What are the constraints that can now be derived for the PAHs as DIB carriers? What are the strengths and the weaknesses of the PAH model to account for the DIBs?</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12767985" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="670edb65190c4d45b9f517ccfb3c10df" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45950432,"asset_id":12767985,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45950432/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ4MDkzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31822386" href="https://gwu.academia.edu/PascaleEhrenfreund">Pascale Ehrenfreund</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31822386" type="text/json">{"id":31822386,"first_name":"Pascale","last_name":"Ehrenfreund","domain_name":"gwu","page_name":"PascaleEhrenfreund","display_name":"Pascale Ehrenfreund","profile_url":"https://gwu.academia.edu/PascaleEhrenfreund?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31822386/9453718/10533875/s65_pascale.ehrenfreund.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12767985 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12767985"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12767985, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12767985", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12767985]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12767985").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12767985").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12767985"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="716" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interstellar_Medium">Interstellar Medium</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="716" type="text/json">{"id":716,"name":"Interstellar Medium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interstellar_Medium?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5427" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectroscopy">Spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5427" type="text/json">{"id":5427,"name":"Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectroscopy?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15904" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics">Laboratory Astrophysics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15904" type="text/json">{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23179" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysics">Astrophysics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23179" type="text/json">{"id":23179,"name":"Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12767985]'), work: {"id":12767985,"title":"A Critical Review of PAHs as DIB Carriers-Progress and Open Questions","created_at":"2015-06-03T02:13:34.046-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12767985/A_Critical_Review_of_PAHs_as_DIB_Carriers_Progress_and_Open_Questions?f_ri=15904","dom_id":"work_12767985","summary":"PAHs are among the most commonly proposed and popular candidates for DIB carriers. We present a critical assessment of the PAH-DIB model in view of the progress and the advances that have recently been achieved through a series of complementary studies involving astronomical observations of DIBs, laboratory simulation of interstellar analogs for PAHs (neutrals and ions), space exposure experiments of PAHs, theoretical calculations of PAH spectra and the modeling of diffuse and translucent interstellar clouds. What have we learned from these complementary studies? What are the constraints that can now be derived for the PAHs as DIB carriers? What are the strengths and the weaknesses of the PAH model to account for the DIBs?","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45950432,"asset_id":12767985,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31822386,"first_name":"Pascale","last_name":"Ehrenfreund","domain_name":"gwu","page_name":"PascaleEhrenfreund","display_name":"Pascale Ehrenfreund","profile_url":"https://gwu.academia.edu/PascaleEhrenfreund?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31822386/9453718/10533875/s65_pascale.ehrenfreund.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":716,"name":"Interstellar Medium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interstellar_Medium?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":5427,"name":"Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectroscopy?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":23179,"name":"Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":47599,"name":"Astronomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astronomy?f_ri=15904"},{"id":762613,"name":"Diffuse Interstellar Bands","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diffuse_Interstellar_Bands?f_ri=15904"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2398763" data-work_id="2398763" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2398763/The_Impact_of_Recent_Advances_in_Laboratory_Astrophysics_on_our_Understanding_of_the_Cosmos">The Impact of Recent Advances in Laboratory Astrophysics on our Understanding of the Cosmos</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">An emerging theme in modern astrophysics is the connection between astronomical observations and the underlying physical phenomena that drive our cosmos. Both the mechanisms responsible for the observed astrophysical phenomena and the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2398763" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">An emerging theme in modern astrophysics is the connection between astronomical observations and the underlying physical phenomena that drive our cosmos. Both the mechanisms responsible for the observed astrophysical phenomena and the tools used to probe such phenomena -the radiation and particle spectra we observe -have their roots in atomic, molecular, condensed matter, plasma, nuclear and particle physics. Chemistry is implicitly included in both molecular and condensed matter physics. This connection is the theme of the present report, which provides a broad, though non-exhaustive, overview of progress in our understanding of the cosmos resulting from recent theoretical and experimental advances in what is commonly called laboratory astrophysics. This work, carried out by a diverse community of laboratory astrophysicists, is increasingly important as astrophysics transitions into an era of precise measurement and high fidelity modeling.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2398763" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="97c71c74cb31b659611c751baf017349" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32378658,"asset_id":2398763,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32378658/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ4MDkzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="75416" href="https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama">Farid Salama</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="75416" type="text/json">{"id":75416,"first_name":"Farid","last_name":"Salama","domain_name":"nasa-ames","page_name":"FaridSalama","display_name":"Farid Salama","profile_url":"https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/75416/1022624/1278109/s65_farid.salama.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2398763 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2398763"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2398763, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2398763", }); 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Both the mechanisms responsible for the observed astrophysical phenomena and the tools used to probe such phenomena -the radiation and particle spectra we observe -have their roots in atomic, molecular, condensed matter, plasma, nuclear and particle physics. Chemistry is implicitly included in both molecular and condensed matter physics. This connection is the theme of the present report, which provides a broad, though non-exhaustive, overview of progress in our understanding of the cosmos resulting from recent theoretical and experimental advances in what is commonly called laboratory astrophysics. This work, carried out by a diverse community of laboratory astrophysicists, is increasingly important as astrophysics transitions into an era of precise measurement and high fidelity modeling.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32378658,"asset_id":2398763,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":75416,"first_name":"Farid","last_name":"Salama","domain_name":"nasa-ames","page_name":"FaridSalama","display_name":"Farid Salama","profile_url":"https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/75416/1022624/1278109/s65_farid.salama.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_69312350" data-work_id="69312350" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69312350/New_diagnostics_of_laser_generated_shocks">New diagnostics of laser generated shocks</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Strongly radiative shocks are characterized by an ionization front induced by the shock wave. The role played together by opacity and geometry is critical for the physics of these shock waves. Moreover, radiation is an obvious way of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_69312350" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Strongly radiative shocks are characterized by an ionization front induced by the shock wave. The role played together by opacity and geometry is critical for the physics of these shock waves. Moreover, radiation is an obvious way of probing these shock waves, either by self-emission or by probe absorption. These aspects will be illustrated by recent experimental results obtained at the iodine PALS (Prague Asterix Laser System) facility.(Online publication February 13 2013)</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/69312350" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8234d9901b8b785e88d0aee9a524abb3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79456812,"asset_id":69312350,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79456812/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ4MDkzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="57329960" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JeanLarour">Jean Larour</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="57329960" type="text/json">{"id":57329960,"first_name":"Jean","last_name":"Larour","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JeanLarour","display_name":"Jean Larour","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JeanLarour?f_ri=15904","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_69312350 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="69312350"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 69312350, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_69312350", }); 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The role played together by opacity and geometry is critical for the physics of these shock waves. Moreover, radiation is an obvious way of probing these shock waves, either by self-emission or by probe absorption. These aspects will be illustrated by recent experimental results obtained at the iodine PALS (Prague Asterix Laser System) facility.(Online publication February 13 2013)","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79456812,"asset_id":69312350,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":57329960,"first_name":"Jean","last_name":"Larour","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JeanLarour","display_name":"Jean Larour","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JeanLarour?f_ri=15904","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":517,"name":"Plasma Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plasma_Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":2415,"name":"Laser Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":20949,"name":"Laser Plasma Interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Plasma_Interactions?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":23179,"name":"Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":47599,"name":"Astronomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astronomy?f_ri=15904"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47284647" data-work_id="47284647" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47284647/New_Discoveries_in_Cosmology_and_Fundamental_Physics_through_Advances_in_Laboratory_Astrophysics">New Discoveries in Cosmology and Fundamental Physics through Advances in Laboratory Astrophysics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList 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Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Galaxy_Formation_and_Evolution?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":11057,"name":"Intergalactic Medium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intergalactic_Medium?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":14024,"name":"High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":16619,"name":"Early Universe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Universe?f_ri=15904"},{"id":16620,"name":"Dark Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Energy?f_ri=15904"},{"id":23179,"name":"Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":47599,"name":"Astronomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astronomy?f_ri=15904"},{"id":215075,"name":"Experimental Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Study?f_ri=15904"},{"id":398156,"name":"Large Scale Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Large_Scale_Structure?f_ri=15904"},{"id":758278,"name":"Large Scale","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Large_Scale?f_ri=15904"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22146347" data-work_id="22146347" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22146347/Absorption_and_emission_spectroscopy_of_matrix_isolated_benzo_g_h_i_perylene_An_experimental_and_theoretical_study_for_astrochemical_applications">Absorption and emission spectroscopy of matrix-isolated benzo[g,h,i]perylene: An experimental and theoretical study for astrochemical applications</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The absorption and emission spectra of benzo͓g,h,i͔perylene, a six ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecule (C 22 H 12 ), embedded in a rare gas matrix are reported. Time dependent emission shows that this molecule exhibits sharp... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22146347" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The absorption and emission spectra of benzo͓g,h,i͔perylene, a six ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecule (C 22 H 12 ), embedded in a rare gas matrix are reported. Time dependent emission shows that this molecule exhibits sharp phosphorescence in the red. Supporting theoretical calculations using the recently developed time-dependent density-functional response theory formalism ͑TD-DFRT͒ allow a tentative assignment for the observed transitions. The astrochemical significance of the results is briefly discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22146347" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="684039cbe9c8a872b5a96bf8e515aa7f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42809528,"asset_id":22146347,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42809528/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ4MDkzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43480379" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HenryChermette">Henry Chermette</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43480379" type="text/json">{"id":43480379,"first_name":"Henry","last_name":"Chermette","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HenryChermette","display_name":"Henry Chermette","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HenryChermette?f_ri=15904","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22146347 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22146347"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22146347, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22146347", }); 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Time dependent emission shows that this molecule exhibits sharp phosphorescence in the red. Supporting theoretical calculations using the recently developed time-dependent density-functional response theory formalism ͑TD-DFRT͒ allow a tentative assignment for the observed transitions. The astrochemical significance of the results is briefly discussed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42809528,"asset_id":22146347,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43480379,"first_name":"Henry","last_name":"Chermette","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HenryChermette","display_name":"Henry Chermette","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HenryChermette?f_ri=15904","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":17395,"name":"Density-functional theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Density-functional_theory?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":22300,"name":"Chemical Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Physics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":23179,"name":"Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":40830,"name":"Matrix Isolation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Matrix_Isolation?f_ri=15904"},{"id":47599,"name":"Astronomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astronomy?f_ri=15904"},{"id":87546,"name":"Ultraviolet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ultraviolet?f_ri=15904"},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=15904"},{"id":161176,"name":"The","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The?f_ri=15904"},{"id":184001,"name":"Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polycyclic_Aromatic_Hydrocarbon?f_ri=15904"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=15904"},{"id":394477,"name":"Time Dependent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Dependent?f_ri=15904"},{"id":420706,"name":"Infrared spectra","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infrared_spectra?f_ri=15904"},{"id":651686,"name":"Electronic Spectroscopy of Molecules","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electronic_Spectroscopy_of_Molecules?f_ri=15904"},{"id":1230590,"name":"Development Time","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Development_Time?f_ri=15904"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6387333" data-work_id="6387333" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/6387333/A_Critical_Review_of_PAHs_as_DIB_Carriers_Progress_and_Open_Questions">A Critical Review of PAHs as DIB Carriers - Progress and Open Questions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">PAHs are among the most commonly proposed and popular candidates for DIB carriers. We present a critical assessment of the PAH-DIB model in view of the progress and the advances that have recently been achieved through a series of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6387333" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">PAHs are among the most commonly proposed and popular candidates for DIB carriers. We present a critical assessment of the PAH-DIB model in view of the progress and the advances that have recently been achieved through a series of complementary studies involving astronomical observations of DIBs, laboratory simulation of interstellar analogs for PAHs (neutrals and ions), space exposure experiments of PAHs, theoretical calculations of PAH spectra and the modeling of diffuse and translucent interstellar clouds. What have we learned from these complementary studies? What are the constraints that can now be derived for the PAHs as DIB carriers? What are the strengths and the weaknesses of the PAH model to account for the DIBs?</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6387333" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="75416" href="https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama">Farid Salama</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="75416" type="text/json">{"id":75416,"first_name":"Farid","last_name":"Salama","domain_name":"nasa-ames","page_name":"FaridSalama","display_name":"Farid Salama","profile_url":"https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/75416/1022624/1278109/s65_farid.salama.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6387333 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6387333"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6387333, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6387333", }); 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We present a critical assessment of the PAH-DIB model in view of the progress and the advances that have recently been achieved through a series of complementary studies involving astronomical observations of DIBs, laboratory simulation of interstellar analogs for PAHs (neutrals and ions), space exposure experiments of PAHs, theoretical calculations of PAH spectra and the modeling of diffuse and translucent interstellar clouds. What have we learned from these complementary studies? What are the constraints that can now be derived for the PAHs as DIB carriers? What are the strengths and the weaknesses of the PAH model to account for the DIBs?","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":75416,"first_name":"Farid","last_name":"Salama","domain_name":"nasa-ames","page_name":"FaridSalama","display_name":"Farid Salama","profile_url":"https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/75416/1022624/1278109/s65_farid.salama.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":716,"name":"Interstellar Medium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interstellar_Medium?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":5427,"name":"Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectroscopy?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory 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Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paper_Physics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":85055,"name":"Physics teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics_teaching?f_ri=15904"},{"id":90247,"name":"Theoretical studies in blackhole astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_studies_in_blackhole_astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":97703,"name":"Mathematical Methods of Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Methods_of_Physics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":99371,"name":"Theoretical Particle Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Particle_Physics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":99372,"name":"Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Condensed_Matter_Physics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":117120,"name":"Theoretical Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Particle_Physics_Astrophysics_and_Cosmology?f_ri=15904"},{"id":122977,"name":"Molecular Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":156785,"name":"Astrophysics and Cosmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysics_and_Cosmology?f_ri=15904"},{"id":168299,"name":"Mathematics and Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics_and_Physics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":178413,"name":"Astronomy \u0026 Astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysics, General Theory of Relativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astronomy_and_Astrophysics_High_Energy_Astrophysics_General_Theory_of_Relativity?f_ri=15904"},{"id":186574,"name":"astrophysics, Aboriginal astronomy, archaeoastronomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/astrophysics_Aboriginal_astronomy_archaeoastronomy?f_ri=15904"},{"id":186944,"name":"Planetary, Space \u0026 Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Planetary_Space_and_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":191867,"name":"General Relativity, Relativistic Astrophysics \u0026 Cosmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/General_Relativity_Relativistic_Astrophysics_and_Cosmology?f_ri=15904"},{"id":209503,"name":"Extragalactic Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Extragalactic_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":255134,"name":"Astrophysics/Cosmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysics_Cosmology?f_ri=15904"},{"id":280461,"name":"Higgs physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higgs_physics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":294113,"name":"Theoratical Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoratical_Physics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":345285,"name":"Aerospace Engineering, Astronomy \u0026 Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aerospace_Engineering_Astronomy_and_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":399294,"name":"Observational Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Observational_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":485170,"name":"Theoretical Solid State Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Solid_State_Physics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":489717,"name":"Astrophysics, Cosmology, History of Science and Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysics_Cosmology_History_of_Science_and_Technology?f_ri=15904"},{"id":557452,"name":"Stellar Astrophysics and Planet Formation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stellar_Astrophysics_and_Planet_Formation?f_ri=15904"},{"id":672471,"name":"Plasma Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plasma_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":675517,"name":"Physics and Astronomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics_and_Astronomy?f_ri=15904"},{"id":684223,"name":"e.g Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/e.g_Physics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":860087,"name":"Physics and Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics_and_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":885022,"name":"Particle Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":953930,"name":"Cosmic Ray Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cosmic_Ray_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":1007649,"name":"Theoretical High Energy Physics : Supersymmetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_High_Energy_Physics_Supersymmetry?f_ri=15904"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2398654" data-work_id="2398654" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2398654/Pulsed_discharge_nozzle_cavity_ringdown_spectroscopy_of_cold_polycyclic_aromatic_hydrocarbon_ions">Pulsed discharge nozzle cavity ringdown spectroscopy of cold polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The gas-phase electronic absorption spectra of the naphthalene (C 10 H 8 ϩ ) and acenaphthene (C 12 H 10 ϩ ) cations have been measured in the visible range in a free jet planar expansion in an attempt to collect data in an... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2398654" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The gas-phase electronic absorption spectra of the naphthalene (C 10 H 8 ϩ ) and acenaphthene (C 12 H 10 ϩ ) cations have been measured in the visible range in a free jet planar expansion in an attempt to collect data in an astrophysically relevant environment. The direct absorption spectra of two out of four bands measured of the gas-phase cold naphthalene cation along with the gas-phase vibronic absorption spectrum of the cold acenaphthene cation are reported for the first time. Direct absorption spectra of their van der Waals complexes with argon are also reported for the first time. The study has been carried out using the ultrasensitive and versatile technique of cavity ringdown spectroscopy ͑CRDS͒ coupled to a pulsed discharge slit nozzle ͑PDN͒. The new PDN-CRDS set up is described and its characteristics are evaluated. The direct-absorption spectra of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ͑PAH͒ ions are discussed and compared to the gas-phase and solid-phase data available in the literature. The analysis of the results show that cold, free flying PAH ions are generated in the argon discharge primarily through soft Penning ionization. This enables the intrinsic band profiles to be measured, a key requirement for astrophysical applications.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2398654" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9d907e2b52250e0d9db44c75c1909763" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30430964,"asset_id":2398654,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30430964/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ4MDkzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="75416" href="https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama">Farid Salama</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="75416" type="text/json">{"id":75416,"first_name":"Farid","last_name":"Salama","domain_name":"nasa-ames","page_name":"FaridSalama","display_name":"Farid Salama","profile_url":"https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/75416/1022624/1278109/s65_farid.salama.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2398654 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2398654"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2398654, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2398654", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2398654]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2398654").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2398654").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2398654"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="532" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Chemistry">Physical Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="532" type="text/json">{"id":532,"name":"Physical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Chemistry?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2417" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Planetary_Science">Planetary Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2417" type="text/json">{"id":2417,"name":"Planetary Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Planetary_Science?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5104" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photochemistry">Photochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5104" type="text/json">{"id":5104,"name":"Photochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photochemistry?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5427" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectroscopy">Spectroscopy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5427" type="text/json">{"id":5427,"name":"Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectroscopy?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2398654]'), work: {"id":2398654,"title":"Pulsed discharge nozzle cavity ringdown spectroscopy of cold polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ions","created_at":"2013-01-14T04:09:12.589-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2398654/Pulsed_discharge_nozzle_cavity_ringdown_spectroscopy_of_cold_polycyclic_aromatic_hydrocarbon_ions?f_ri=15904","dom_id":"work_2398654","summary":"The gas-phase electronic absorption spectra of the naphthalene (C 10 H 8 ϩ ) and acenaphthene (C 12 H 10 ϩ ) cations have been measured in the visible range in a free jet planar expansion in an attempt to collect data in an astrophysically relevant environment. The direct absorption spectra of two out of four bands measured of the gas-phase cold naphthalene cation along with the gas-phase vibronic absorption spectrum of the cold acenaphthene cation are reported for the first time. Direct absorption spectra of their van der Waals complexes with argon are also reported for the first time. The study has been carried out using the ultrasensitive and versatile technique of cavity ringdown spectroscopy ͑CRDS͒ coupled to a pulsed discharge slit nozzle ͑PDN͒. The new PDN-CRDS set up is described and its characteristics are evaluated. The direct-absorption spectra of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ͑PAH͒ ions are discussed and compared to the gas-phase and solid-phase data available in the literature. The analysis of the results show that cold, free flying PAH ions are generated in the argon discharge primarily through soft Penning ionization. This enables the intrinsic band profiles to be measured, a key requirement for astrophysical applications.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30430964,"asset_id":2398654,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":75416,"first_name":"Farid","last_name":"Salama","domain_name":"nasa-ames","page_name":"FaridSalama","display_name":"Farid Salama","profile_url":"https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/75416/1022624/1278109/s65_farid.salama.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":532,"name":"Physical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Chemistry?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":2417,"name":"Planetary Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Planetary_Science?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":5104,"name":"Photochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photochemistry?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":5427,"name":"Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectroscopy?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true},{"id":7718,"name":"Surface Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_Physics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":22300,"name":"Chemical Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Physics?f_ri=15904"},{"id":994869,"name":"Ion Beams","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ion_Beams?f_ri=15904"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2398711 coauthored" data-work_id="2398711" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2398711/New_Discoveries_in_Cosmology_and_Fundamental_Physics_through_Advances_in_Laboratory_Astrophysics">New Discoveries in Cosmology and Fundamental Physics through Advances in Laboratory Astrophysics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">As the Cosmology and Fundamental Physics (CFP) panel is fully aware, the next decade will see major advances in our understanding of these areas of research. To quote from their charge, these advances will occur in studies of the early... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2398711" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">As the Cosmology and Fundamental Physics (CFP) panel is fully aware, the next decade will see major advances in our understanding of these areas of research. To quote from their charge, these advances will occur in studies of the early universe, the microwave background, the reionization and galaxy formation up to virialization of protogalaxies, large scale structure, the intergalactic medium, the determination of cosmological parameters, dark matter, dark energy, tests of gravity, astronomically determined physical constants, and high energy physics using astronomical messengers. Central to the progress in these areas are the corresponding advances in laboratory astrophysics which are required for fully realizing the CFP scientific opportunities within the decade 2010-2020. Laboratory astrophysics comprises both theoretical and experimental studies of the underlying physics which produce the observed astrophysical processes. The 5 areas of laboratory astrophysics which we have identified as relevant to the CFP panel are atomic, molecular, plasma, nuclear, and particle physics. Here, Section 2 describes some of the new scientific opportunities and compelling scientific themes which will be enabled by advances in laboratory astrophysics. In Section 3, we provide the scientific context for these opportunities. Section 4 briefly discusses some of the experimental and theoretical advances in laboratory astrophysics required to realize the CFP scientific opportunities of the next decade. As requested in the Call for White Papers, Section 5 presents four central questions and one area with unusual discovery potential. Lastly, we give a short postlude in Section 6.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2398711" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="94e219dd31a614b3ca8fbf32bb5b7ce3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31265883,"asset_id":2398711,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31265883/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ4MDkzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="75416" href="https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama">Farid Salama</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="75416" type="text/json">{"id":75416,"first_name":"Farid","last_name":"Salama","domain_name":"nasa-ames","page_name":"FaridSalama","display_name":"Farid Salama","profile_url":"https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/75416/1022624/1278109/s65_farid.salama.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-2398711">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-2398711"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uky.academia.edu/GaryFerland">Gary Ferland</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/RDrake1">R. Drake</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-2398711'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-2398711').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2398711 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2398711"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2398711, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2398711", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_2398711 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2398711; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_2398711"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_2398711 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2398711"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2398711; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2398711]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2398711").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2398711").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2398711"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15904" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics">Laboratory Astrophysics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15904" type="text/json">{"id":15904,"name":"Laboratory Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23179" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysics">Astrophysics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23179" type="text/json">{"id":23179,"name":"Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47599" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astronomy">Astronomy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47599" type="text/json">{"id":47599,"name":"Astronomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astronomy?f_ri=15904","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2398711]'), work: {"id":2398711,"title":"New Discoveries in Cosmology and Fundamental Physics through Advances in Laboratory Astrophysics","created_at":"2013-01-14T04:16:00.752-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2398711/New_Discoveries_in_Cosmology_and_Fundamental_Physics_through_Advances_in_Laboratory_Astrophysics?f_ri=15904","dom_id":"work_2398711","summary":"As the Cosmology and Fundamental Physics (CFP) panel is fully aware, the next decade will see major advances in our understanding of these areas of research. To quote from their charge, these advances will occur in studies of the early universe, the microwave background, the reionization and galaxy formation up to virialization of protogalaxies, large scale structure, the intergalactic medium, the determination of cosmological parameters, dark matter, dark energy, tests of gravity, astronomically determined physical constants, and high energy physics using astronomical messengers. Central to the progress in these areas are the corresponding advances in laboratory astrophysics which are required for fully realizing the CFP scientific opportunities within the decade 2010-2020. Laboratory astrophysics comprises both theoretical and experimental studies of the underlying physics which produce the observed astrophysical processes. The 5 areas of laboratory astrophysics which we have identified as relevant to the CFP panel are atomic, molecular, plasma, nuclear, and particle physics. Here, Section 2 describes some of the new scientific opportunities and compelling scientific themes which will be enabled by advances in laboratory astrophysics. In Section 3, we provide the scientific context for these opportunities. Section 4 briefly discusses some of the experimental and theoretical advances in laboratory astrophysics required to realize the CFP scientific opportunities of the next decade. As requested in the Call for White Papers, Section 5 presents four central questions and one area with unusual discovery potential. Lastly, we give a short postlude in Section 6.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31265883,"asset_id":2398711,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":75416,"first_name":"Farid","last_name":"Salama","domain_name":"nasa-ames","page_name":"FaridSalama","display_name":"Farid Salama","profile_url":"https://nasa-ames.academia.edu/FaridSalama?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/75416/1022624/1278109/s65_farid.salama.jpg"},{"id":34847305,"first_name":"Gary","last_name":"Ferland","domain_name":"uky","page_name":"GaryFerland","display_name":"Gary Ferland","profile_url":"https://uky.academia.edu/GaryFerland?f_ri=15904","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34847305/10156085/11333121/s65_gary.ferland.jpg"},{"id":34849148,"first_name":"R.","last_name":"Drake","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RDrake1","display_name":"R. 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