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Arno Allan Penzias - Wikipedia

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Disponibil în 77 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-77" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">77 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="آرنو بينزياس – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="آرنو بينزياس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="آرنو بينزياس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="آرنو بينزياس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="آرنو آلان پنزیاس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آرنو آلان پنزیاس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%81" title="Арно Алан Пензіяс – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Арно Алан Пензіяс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арно Пензиас – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Арно Пензиас" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="আরনো এলান পেনজিয়াস – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আরনো এলান পেনজিয়াস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%86_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%8E%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ئارنۆ ئالان پێنزیاس – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئارنۆ ئالان پێنزیاس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Penzias" title="Arno Penzias – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Arno Penzias" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CE%A0%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B6%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Άρνο Πενζίας – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άρνο Πενζίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="آرنو آلان پنزیاس – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آرنو آلان پنزیاس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – chineză hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="chineză hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%95_%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%96%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A1" title="ארנו פנזיאס – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארנו פנזיאס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8" title="आर्नो पेन्जियस – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आर्नो पेन्जियस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – haitiană" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BC%D5%B6%D5%B8_%D5%93%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%BD" title="Առնո Փենզիաս – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Առնո Փենզիաս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Penzias" title="Arno Penzias – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Arno Penzias" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Penzias" title="Arno Penzias – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Arno Penzias" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Penzias" title="Arno Penzias – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Arno Penzias" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9A%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B9" title="アーノ・ペンジアス – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アーノ・ペンジアス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="არნო ალან პენზიასი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="არნო ალან პენზიასი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арно Аллан Пензиас – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Арно Аллан Пензиас" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%85%B8_%EC%95%A8%EB%9F%B0_%ED%8E%9C%EC%A7%80%EC%96%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="아노 앨런 펜지어스 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아노 앨런 펜지어스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Penzias" title="Arno Penzias – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Arno Penzias" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Penziass" title="Arno Penziass – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Arno Penziass" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арно Алан Пензијас – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Арно Алан Пензијас" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8B_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="അർണോ അലൻ പെൻസിയാസ് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അർണോ അലൻ പെൻസിയാസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%85%E2%80%8D%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="आर्नो अ‍ॅलन पेन्झियास – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आर्नो अ‍ॅलन पेन्झियास" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="آرنو آلان پنزیاس – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آرنو آلان پنزیاس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8" title="आर्नो पेन्जियस – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="आर्नो पेन्जियस" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Penzias" title="Arno Penzias – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Arno Penzias" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%88_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ارنو پینزیاس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ارنو پینزیاس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%81,_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Пензиас, Арно Аллан – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пензиас, Арно Аллан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8" title="आर्नो पेन्जियस – sanscrită" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="आर्नो पेन्जियस" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrită" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арно Пензијас – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Арно Пензијас" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Penzias" title="Arno Penzias – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Arno Penzias" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Penzias" title="Arno Penzias – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Arno Penzias" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%99_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA" title="อาร์โน อัลลัน เพนเซียส – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อาร์โน อัลลัน เพนเซียส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Penzias" title="Arno Penzias – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Arno Penzias" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арно Аллан Пензиас – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Арно Аллан Пензиас" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арно Аллан Пензіас – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Арно Аллан Пензіас" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ارنو الن پنزاس – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ارنو الن پنزاس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%AF%BA%C2%B7%E5%BD%AD%E9%BD%90%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%AF" title="阿诺·彭齐亚斯 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿诺·彭齐亚斯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="არნო ალან პენზიასი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="არნო ალან პენზიასი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%AF%BA%C2%B7%E5%BD%AD%E9%BD%90%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%AF" title="阿诺·彭齐亚斯 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿诺·彭齐亚斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Arno Allan Penzias" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" 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class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><table class="infocaseta"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="antet biografii" style="background-color:#F5F5DC;color:#000000;">Arno Allan Penzias</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:32._Tagung_1982_Physiker;_Beim_Studentenabend_Arno_A._Penzias_-_W134Nr.119142_-_Willy_Pragher_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/32._Tagung_1982_Physiker%3B_Beim_Studentenabend_Arno_A._Penzias_-_W134Nr.119142_-_Willy_Pragher_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-32._Tagung_1982_Physiker%3B_Beim_Studentenabend_Arno_A._Penzias_-_W134Nr.119142_-_Willy_Pragher_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="332" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/32._Tagung_1982_Physiker%3B_Beim_Studentenabend_Arno_A._Penzias_-_W134Nr.119142_-_Willy_Pragher_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="257" data-file-height="388" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#F5F5DC;color:#000000;">Date personale</th></tr><tr><th style=";">Născut</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><time datetime="1933-04-26"><a href="/wiki/26_aprilie" title="26 aprilie">26 aprilie</a> <a href="/wiki/1933" title="1933">1933</a></time><sup id="cite_ref-8a0714beea12f77298f9358af591885f_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8a0714beea12f77298f9358af591885f-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><sup id="cite_ref-cbd2d09b3586f7b883b61eb9206f56d7_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbd2d09b3586f7b883b61eb9206f56d7-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><sup id="cite_ref-5e89ad66e1c82bfeac2f32c9dd82416c_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5e89ad66e1c82bfeac2f32c9dd82416c-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><sup id="cite_ref-a2d2b9aa45984e3c868e3d8d79f5ab16_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a2d2b9aa45984e3c868e3d8d79f5ab16-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><sup id="cite_ref-0b6fd8cbb5d966adfc42587c1529b675_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0b6fd8cbb5d966adfc42587c1529b675-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P569" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnchen" title="München">München</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germania_Nazist%C4%83" title="Germania Nazistă">Germania Nazistă</a><sup id="cite_ref-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P19" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Decedat</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><time datetime="2024-01-22"><a href="/wiki/22_ianuarie" title="22 ianuarie">22 ianuarie</a> <a href="/wiki/2024" title="2024">2024</a></time> (90 de ani)<sup id="cite_ref-c04985c6d6009a82c02ab35c672d4f0b_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-c04985c6d6009a82c02ab35c672d4f0b-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><sup id="cite_ref-0b6fd8cbb5d966adfc42587c1529b675_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0b6fd8cbb5d966adfc42587c1529b675-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-d4d16798d25ffca811dfdd35221249ee_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d4d16798d25ffca811dfdd35221249ee-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P570" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Statele Unite ale Americii">SUA</a><sup id="cite_ref-c04985c6d6009a82c02ab35c672d4f0b_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-c04985c6d6009a82c02ab35c672d4f0b-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-0b6fd8cbb5d966adfc42587c1529b675_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0b6fd8cbb5d966adfc42587c1529b675-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-d4d16798d25ffca811dfdd35221249ee_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d4d16798d25ffca811dfdd35221249ee-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P20" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Cauza decesului</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Boala_Alzheimer" title="Boala Alzheimer">boala Alzheimer</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P509" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Cetățenie</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Germany_(1867%E2%80%931918).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germania</a><small>&#32;(–<time datetime="1935">1935</time>)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Apatrid" title="Apatrid">apatrid</a><small>&#32;(<time datetime="1935">1935</time>–<time datetime="1946">1946</time>)</small><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Statele Unite ale Americii">Statele Unite ale Americii</a><small>&#32;(<time datetime="1946">1946</time>–)</small> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P27" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Ocupație</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom">astronom</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Fizician" title="Fizician">fizician</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P106" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Limbi vorbite</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Limba_englez%C4%83" title="Limba engleză">limba engleză</a><sup id="cite_ref-10588517bf3d9eaaf1268aeaede58add_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10588517bf3d9eaaf1268aeaede58add-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P1412" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#F5F5DC;color:#000000;">Activitate</th></tr><tr><th style=";">Domeniu</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Fizic%C4%83" title="Fizică">fizică</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Cosmologie" title="Cosmologie">cosmologie</a><sup id="cite_ref-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537">&#160; <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P101" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Număr Erdős</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";">7&#160; <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P2021" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Instituție</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Laboratoarele_Bell" title="Laboratoarele Bell">Bell Labs</a><sup id="cite_ref-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537">&#160; <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P108" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Alma Mater</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Universitatea_Columbia" title="Universitatea Columbia">Universitatea Columbia</a><sup id="cite_ref-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1093910" class="extiw" title="d:Q1093910">City College of New York</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=City_College_of_New_York_(senior_college_of_the_City_University_of_New_York)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="City College of New York (senior college of the City University of New York) — pagină inexistentă">&#8203;</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2737843" class="extiw" title="d:Q2737843"><span lang="en">Brooklyn Technical High School</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Brooklyn Technical High School</span> (specialized high school in New York City)|&#8203;]]</span>&#160; <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P69" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Organizații</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270794" class="extiw" title="d:Q270794">Academia Națională de Științe a Statelor Unite ale Americii</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Na%C8%9Bional%C4%83_de_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be_a_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii_(science_branch_of_the_United_States_National_Academies)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Academia Națională de Științe a Statelor Unite ale Americii (science branch of the United States National Academies) — pagină inexistentă">&#8203;</a></span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463303" class="extiw" title="d:Q463303">Academia Americană de Arte și Științe</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_American%C4%83_de_Arte_%C8%99i_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be_(United_States_honorary_society_and_policy_research_center)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Academia Americană de Arte și Științe (United States honorary society and policy research center) — pagină inexistentă">&#8203;</a></span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1493021" class="extiw" title="d:Q1493021"><span lang="en">National Academy of Engineering</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">National Academy of Engineering</span> (engineering branch of the United States National Academies)|&#8203;]]</span><br /><a href="/wiki/American_Physical_Society" title="American Physical Society">Societatea Americană de Fizică</a><sup id="cite_ref-efc57c45e81d8c648693709308ced31f_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-efc57c45e81d8c648693709308ced31f-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><br /><a href="/wiki/Uniunea_Astronomic%C4%83_Interna%C8%9Bional%C4%83" title="Uniunea Astronomică Internațională">Uniunea Astronomică Internațională</a>&#160; <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P463" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Conducător de doctorat</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes">Charles Hard Townes</a><sup id="cite_ref-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537">&#160; <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P184" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Doctoranzi</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3384914" class="extiw" title="d:Q3384914"><span lang="fr">Pierre Encrenaz</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="fr">Pierre Encrenaz</span> (astronom francez)|&#8203;]]</span>&#160; <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P185" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Cunoscut pentru</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Radia%C8%9Bie_cosmic%C4%83_de_fond" title="Radiație cosmică de fond">Radiație cosmică de fond</a>&#160; <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P800" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Premii</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Premiul_Nobel_pentru_fizic%C4%83" title="Premiul Nobel pentru fizică">Premiul Nobel pentru Fizică</a><small> (<time datetime="1978">1978</time>)</small><sup id="cite_ref-ea321ca7e3ef4ff6737c7462a399c6ad_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ea321ca7e3ef4ff6737c7462a399c6ad-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><sup id="cite_ref-84f2172723690fb55cc026ae52e471db_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84f2172723690fb55cc026ae52e471db-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10354962" class="extiw" title="d:Q10354962"><span lang="en">Harold Pender Award</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Harold Pender Award</span> (American award for an engineer who has made significant contributions to society)|&#8203;]]</span><small> (<time datetime="1991">1991</time>)</small><sup id="cite_ref-2575c9da84e07e76df51dab82db335b2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2575c9da84e07e76df51dab82db335b2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746633" class="extiw" title="d:Q746633"><span lang="en">Henry Draper Medal</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Henry Draper Medal</span> (American award in astronomical physics)|&#8203;]]</span><small> (<time datetime="1977">1977</time>)</small><sup id="cite_ref-2cecaa83b165411c28ab6da01428ffc1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2cecaa83b165411c28ab6da01428ffc1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1614536" class="extiw" title="d:Q1614536"><span lang="en">Herschel Medal</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Herschel Medal</span> (English science award)|&#8203;]]</span><small> (<time datetime="1977">1977</time>)</small><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41955909" class="extiw" title="d:Q41955909"><span lang="en">Fellow of the American Physical Society</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Fellow of the American Physical Society</span> (fellowship of the American Physical Society)|&#8203;]]</span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5973543" class="extiw" title="d:Q5973543"><span lang="en">IRI Medal</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">IRI Medal</span> (award honoring accomplishments in technological innovation)|&#8203;]]</span><small> (<time datetime="1998">1998</time>)</small><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52382875" class="extiw" title="d:Q52382875">Membru al Academiei Americane de Arte și Științe</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Membru_al_Academiei_Americane_de_Arte_%C8%99i_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be_(honorary_fellowship_from_the_American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Membru al Academiei Americane de Arte și Științe (honorary fellowship from the American Academy of Arts and Sciences) — pagină inexistentă">&#8203;</a></span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5538777" class="extiw" title="d:Q5538777"><span lang="en">George E. Pake Prize</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">George E. Pake Prize</span> (prize by the American Physical Society)|&#8203;]]</span><small> (<time datetime="1990">1990</time>)</small><sup id="cite_ref-bd57b935f7cbc79604330eefe562dca8_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bd57b935f7cbc79604330eefe562dca8-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1528880" class="extiw" title="d:Q1528880"><span lang="en">Karl G. Jansky Lectureship</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Karl G. Jansky Lectureship</span> |&#8203;]]</span><small> (<time datetime="1983">1983</time>)</small><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126888916" class="extiw" title="d:Q126888916"><span lang="fr">doctorat honoris causa de l'observatoire de Paris</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="fr">doctorat honoris causa de l'observatoire de Paris</span> |&#8203;]]</span><small> (<time datetime="1976-09-14">14 septembrie 1976</time>)</small><sup id="cite_ref-3215e35f708a66b312a9820cd4bebd57_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3215e35f708a66b312a9820cd4bebd57-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537">&#160; <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877#P166" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px ##F5F5DC solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color:var(--color-base, #000); text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;">Modifică <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172877" class="extiw" title="d:Q172877">date</a> /&#32;<a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arno_Allan_Penzias&amp;action=edit&amp;section=0">text</a></span>&#160;<span title="Consultați documentația formatului"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format:Infocaseta_Om_de_%C8%99tiin%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Consultați documentația formatului"><img alt="Consultați documentația formatului" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/12px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/18px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/24px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16573438">.mw-parser-output .infocaseta{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:var(--color-base,#000)}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Nobel_prize_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Medalia Premiului Nobel"><img alt="Medalia Premiului Nobel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/15px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/23px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/30px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a><figcaption>Medalia Premiului Nobel</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Arno Allan Penzias</b> (n. <time datetime="1933-04-26"><a href="/wiki/26_aprilie" title="26 aprilie">26 aprilie</a> <a href="/wiki/1933" title="1933">1933</a></time>, <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnchen" title="München">München</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germania_Nazist%C4%83" title="Germania Nazistă">Germania Nazistă</a>&#160;– d. <time datetime="2024-01-22"><a href="/wiki/22_ianuarie" title="22 ianuarie">22 ianuarie</a> <a href="/wiki/2024" title="2024">2024</a></time>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Statele Unite ale Americii">SUA</a>) a fost un <a href="/wiki/Fizician" title="Fizician">fizician</a> <a href="/wiki/American" class="mw-redirect" title="American">american</a>, laureat al <a href="/wiki/Premiul_Nobel_pentru_Fizic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Premiul Nobel pentru Fizică">Premiului Nobel pentru Fizică</a> în 1978 pentru studiile efectuate asupra <a href="/wiki/Radia%C8%9Bia_cosmic%C4%83_de_fond" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiația cosmică de fond">radiației cosmice de fond</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arno_Allan_Penzias&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arno_Allan_Penzias&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-3bc859edae574203aa7a6c2fb321dd6d_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2405969121"><i><span lang="en">Arno Allan Penzias (1933–2024): A visionary explorer of the Universe</span></i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3EArno+Allan+Penzias+%281933%E2%80%932024%29%3A+A+visionary+explorer+of+the+Universe%3C%2Fspan%3E&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.2405969121&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AArno+Allan+Penzias" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-efc57c45e81d8c648693709308ced31f-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-efc57c45e81d8c648693709308ced31f_2-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nndb.com"><i>Notable Names Database</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Notable+Names+Database&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nndb.com&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AArno+Allan+Penzias" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ea321ca7e3ef4ff6737c7462a399c6ad-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ea321ca7e3ef4ff6737c7462a399c6ad_3-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/04/prize-amounts-2020.pdf"><i>Table showing prize amounts</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (în engleză), <a href="/wiki/Funda%C8%9Bia_Nobel" title="Fundația Nobel">Fundația Nobel</a>, aprilie 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2020-05-05">5 mai 2020</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Table+showing+prize+amounts&amp;rft.pub=Funda%C8%9Bia+Nobel&amp;rft.date=2019-04&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F04%2Fprize-amounts-2020.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AArno+Allan+Penzias" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84f2172723690fb55cc026ae52e471db-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84f2172723690fb55cc026ae52e471db_4-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1978/summary/"><i>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1978</i></a> (în engleză), <a href="/wiki/Funda%C8%9Bia_Nobel" title="Fundația Nobel">Fundația Nobel</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2020-05-05">5 mai 2020</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physics+1978&amp;rft.pub=Funda%C8%9Bia+Nobel&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fphysics%2F1978%2Fsummary%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AArno+Allan+Penzias" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2575c9da84e07e76df51dab82db335b2-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2575c9da84e07e76df51dab82db335b2_5-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://events.seas.upenn.edu/distinguished-lectures/pender-lecture/"><i>The Harold Pender Award Lecture</i></a> (în engleză), <a href="/wiki/Universitatea_din_Pennsylvania" title="Universitatea din Pennsylvania">Universitatea din Pennsylvania</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2024-02-01">1 februarie 2024</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Harold+Pender+Award+Lecture&amp;rft.pub=Universitatea+din+Pennsylvania&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fevents.seas.upenn.edu%2Fdistinguished-lectures%2Fpender-lecture%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AArno+Allan+Penzias" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2cecaa83b165411c28ab6da01428ffc1-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2cecaa83b165411c28ab6da01428ffc1_6-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasonline.org/programs/awards/henry-draper-medal.html">https://www.nasonline.org/programs/awards/henry-draper-medal.html</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasonline.org%2Fprograms%2Fawards%2Fhenry-draper-medal.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AArno+Allan+Penzias" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bd57b935f7cbc79604330eefe562dca8-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bd57b935f7cbc79604330eefe562dca8_7-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aps.org/programs/honors/prizes/pake.cfm">https://www.aps.org/programs/honors/prizes/pake.cfm</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2022-02-18">18 februarie 2022</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aps.org%2Fprograms%2Fhonors%2Fprizes%2Fpake.cfm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AArno+Allan+Penzias" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori 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Comunicat de presă”</a>. Academia Regală de Științe a Suediei. <a href="/wiki/17_octombrie" title="17 octombrie">17 octombrie</a> <a href="/wiki/1978" title="1978">1978</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Folosiți butonul de previzualizare înainte de a salva." style=";;border:none;;">m</span></a></span></div></div><span class="" style="font-size: 110%;"><a href="/wiki/Premiul_Nobel_pentru_Fizic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Premiul Nobel pentru Fizică">Laureații Premiului Nobel pentru Fizică </a></span> </th></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">1901&#8211;1925 </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <div> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Conrad_R%C3%B6ntgen" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen">Röntgen</a> (1901)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Lorentz" title="Hendrik Lorentz">Lorentz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Zeeman" title="Pieter Zeeman">Zeeman</a> (1902)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Henri_Becquerel" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri Becquerel">Becquerel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Curie" title="Pierre Curie">P.Curie</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">M.Curie</a> (1903)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/John_William_Strutt_Rayleigh" title="John William Strutt Rayleigh">Rayleigh</a> (1904)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Lenard" title="Philipp Lenard">Lenard</a> (1905)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/J._J._Thomson" class="mw-redirect" title="J. J. Thomson">Thomson</a> (1906)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Abraham_Michelson" title="Albert Abraham Michelson">Michelson</a> (1907)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Lippmann" title="Gabriel Lippmann">Lippmann</a> (1908)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Marconi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Karl_Ferdinand_Braun" title="Karl Ferdinand Braun">Braun</a> (1909)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Diderik_van_der_Waals" title="Johannes Diderik van der Waals">van der Waals</a> (1910)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Wien" title="Wilhelm Wien">Wien</a> (1911)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gustaf_Dal%C3%A9n" title="Gustaf Dalén">Dalén</a> (1912)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Heike_Kamerlingh_Onnes" title="Heike Kamerlingh Onnes">Kamerlingh Onnes</a> (1913)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Max_von_Laue" title="Max von Laue">Laue</a> (1914)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/William_Lawrence_Bragg" title="William Lawrence Bragg">W.L.Bragg</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Bragg" title="William Henry Bragg">W.H.Bragg</a> (1915)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Glover_Barkla" title="Charles Glover Barkla">Barkla</a> (1917)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Planck</a> (1918)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Stark" title="Johannes Stark">Stark</a> (1919)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Edouard_Guillaume" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Edouard Guillaume">Guillaume</a> (1920)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a> (1921)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">N.Bohr</a> (1922)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Andrews_Millikan" title="Robert Andrews Millikan">Millikan</a> (1923)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Manne_Siegbahn" class="mw-redirect" title="Manne Siegbahn">M.Siegbahn</a> (1924)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/James_Franck" title="James Franck">Franck</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Ludwig_Hertz" title="Gustav Ludwig Hertz">Hertz</a> (1925)</span> </p> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">1926&#8211;1950 </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <div> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Perrin" title="Jean Baptiste Perrin">Perrin</a> (1926)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Compton" title="Arthur Compton">Compton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Thomson_Rees_Wilson" title="Charles Thomson Rees Wilson">C.Wilson</a> (1927)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Owen_Willans_Richardson" title="Owen Willans Richardson">O.Richardson</a> (1928)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Broglie" title="Louis de Broglie">De Broglie</a> (1929)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/C._V._Raman" class="mw-redirect" title="C. V. Raman">Raman</a> (1930)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Heisenberg</a> (1932)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Erwin_Schr%C3%B6dinger" title="Erwin Schrödinger">Schrödinger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dirac" title="Paul Dirac">Dirac</a> (1933)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/James_Chadwick" title="James Chadwick">Chadwick</a> (1935)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Victor_Franz_Hess" title="Victor Franz Hess">Hess</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carl_David_Anderson" title="Carl David Anderson">C.D.Anderson</a> (1936)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Davisson" class="mw-redirect" title="Clinton Davisson">Davisson</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Paget_Thomson" title="George Paget Thomson">Thomson</a> (1937)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Fermi</a> (1938)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lawrence" title="Ernest Lawrence">Lawrence</a> (1939)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Otto_Stern" title="Otto Stern">Stern</a> (1943)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Rabi</a> (1944)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Pauli" title="Wolfgang Pauli">Pauli</a> (1945)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Percy_Williams_Bridgman" title="Percy Williams Bridgman">Bridgman</a> (1946)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Victor_Appleton" title="Edward Victor Appleton">Appleton</a> (1947)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Maynard_Stuart_Blackett" title="Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett">Blackett</a> (1948)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Hideki_Yukawa" title="Hideki Yukawa">Yukawa</a> (1949)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Frank_Powell" title="Cecil Frank Powell">Powell</a> (1950)</span> </p> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">1951&#8211;1975 </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <div> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/John_Cockcroft" class="mw-redirect" title="John Cockcroft">Cockcroft</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Walton" title="Ernest Walton">Walton</a> (1951)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Felix_Bloch" title="Felix Bloch">Bloch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Mills_Purcell" title="Edward Mills Purcell">Purcell</a> (1952)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Frits_Zernike" title="Frits Zernike">Zernike</a> (1953)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Max_Born" title="Max Born">Born</a> / <a href="/wiki/Walther_Bothe" title="Walther Bothe">Bothe</a> (1954)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Willis_Lamb" title="Willis Lamb">Lamb</a> / <a href="/wiki/Polykarp_Kusch" title="Polykarp Kusch">Kusch</a> (1955)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" class="mw-redirect" title="William Shockley">Shockley</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Walter_Houser_Brattain" title="Walter Houser Brattain">Brattain</a> (1956)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Chen_Ning_Yang" title="Chen Ning Yang">Yang</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tsung-Dao_Lee" title="Tsung-Dao Lee">T.D.Lee</a> (1957)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Alexeevici_Cerenkov" title="Pavel Alexeevici Cerenkov">Cerenkov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ilia_Frank" title="Ilia Frank">Frank</a> / <a href="/wiki/Igor_Tamm" title="Igor Tamm">Tamm</a> (1958)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Gino_Segr%C3%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="Emilio Gino Segrè">Segrè</a> / <a href="/wiki/Owen_Chamberlain" title="Owen Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a> (1959)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Glaser" class="mw-redirect" title="Donald Glaser">Glaser</a> (1960)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hofstadter" title="Robert Hofstadter">Hofstadter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_M%C3%B6ssbauer" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudolf Mössbauer">Mössbauer</a> (1961)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau">Landau</a> (1962)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Paul_Wigner" title="Eugene Paul Wigner">Wigner</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maria_Goeppert-Mayer" title="Maria Goeppert-Mayer">Goeppert-Mayer</a> / <a href="/wiki/J._Hans_D._Jensen" title="J. Hans D. Jensen">Jensen</a> (1963)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes">Townes</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Basov" title="Nikolai Basov">Basov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alexandr_Mihailovici_Prohorov" title="Alexandr Mihailovici Prohorov">Prohorov</a> (1964)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sin-Itiro_Tomonaga" title="Sin-Itiro Tomonaga">Tomonaga</a> / <a href="/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger">Schwinger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman">Feynman</a> (1965)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Kastler" title="Alfred Kastler">Kastler</a> (1966)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Hans_Bethe" class="mw-redirect" title="Hans Bethe">Bethe</a> (1967)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Luis_Walter_Alvarez" title="Luis Walter Alvarez">Alvarez</a> (1968)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Murray_Gell-Mann" title="Murray Gell-Mann">Gell-Mann</a> (1969)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Hannes_Alfv%C3%A9n" title="Hannes Alfvén">Alfvén</a> / <a href="/wiki/Louis_Eug%C3%A8ne_F%C3%A9lix_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel">Néel</a> (1970)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Gabor" title="Dennis Gabor">Gabor</a> (1971)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leon_Cooper" class="mw-redirect" title="Leon Cooper">Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Robert_Schrieffer" title="John Robert Schrieffer">Schrieffer</a> (1972)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Leo_Esaki" title="Leo Esaki">Esaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ivar_Giaever" title="Ivar Giaever">Giaever</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brian_David_Josephson" title="Brian David Josephson">Josephson</a> (1973)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Ryle" title="Martin Ryle">Ryle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Antony_Hewish" title="Antony Hewish">Hewish</a> (1974)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Aage_Niels_Bohr" title="Aage Niels Bohr">A.Bohr</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ben_Roy_Mottelson" title="Ben Roy Mottelson">Mottelson</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_Rainwater" title="James Rainwater">Rainwater</a> (1975)</span> </p> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">1976&#8212;2000 </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <div> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Burton_Richter" title="Burton Richter">Richter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Chao_Chung_Ting" title="Samuel Chao Chung Ting">Ting</a> (1976)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Warren_Anderson" title="Philip Warren Anderson">P.W.Anderson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nevill_Francis_Mott" title="Nevill Francis Mott">Mott</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Hasbrouck_Van_Vleck" class="mw-redirect" title="John Hasbrouck Van Vleck">Van Vleck</a> (1977)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Piotr_Kapi%C8%9Ba" title="Piotr Kapița">Kapița</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Penzias</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Robert Woodrow Wilson">R.Wilson</a> (1978)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Lee_Glashow" title="Sheldon Lee Glashow">Glashow</a> / <a href="/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam">Salam</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steven_Weinberg" title="Steven Weinberg">Weinberg</a> (1979)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/James_Cronin" class="mw-redirect" title="James Cronin">Cronin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Val_Logsdon_Fitch" title="Val Logsdon Fitch">Fitch</a> (1980)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Nicolaas_Bloembergen" title="Nicolaas Bloembergen">Bloembergen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow">Schawlow</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kai_Siegbahn" class="mw-redirect" title="Kai Siegbahn">K.Siegbahn</a> (1981)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Geddes_Wilson" title="Kenneth Geddes Wilson">K.Wilson</a> (1982)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Chandrasekhar</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Alfred_Fowler" title="William Alfred Fowler">Fowler</a> (1983)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia">Rubbia</a> / <a href="/wiki/Simon_van_der_Meer" title="Simon van der Meer">van der Meer</a> (1984)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Klaus_von_Klitzing" title="Klaus von Klitzing">von Klitzing</a> (1985)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ruska" title="Ernst Ruska">Ruska</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gerd_Binnig" title="Gerd Binnig">Binnig</a> / <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Rohrer" title="Heinrich Rohrer">Rohrer</a> (1986)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Georg_Bednorz" title="Johannes Georg Bednorz">Bednorz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Karl_Alexander_M%C3%BCller" title="Karl Alexander Müller">Müller</a> (1987)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Leon_M._Lederman" class="mw-redirect" title="Leon M. Lederman">Lederman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Schwartz" title="Melvin Schwartz">Schwartz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jack_Steinberger" title="Jack Steinberger">Steinberger</a> (1988)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Norman_Foster_Ramsey" title="Norman Foster Ramsey">Ramsey</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hans_Georg_Dehmelt" title="Hans Georg Dehmelt">Dehmelt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Paul" title="Wolfgang Paul">Paul</a> (1989)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Isaac_Friedman" title="Jerome Isaac Friedman">Friedman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Henry_Way_Kendall" title="Henry Way Kendall">Kendall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_E._Taylor" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard E. Taylor">R. Taylor</a> (1990)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Gilles_de_Gennes" title="Pierre-Gilles de Gennes">de Gennes</a> (1991)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Georges_Charpak" title="Georges Charpak">Charpak</a> (1992)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Russell_Alan_Hulse" title="Russell Alan Hulse">Hulse</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hooton_Taylor,_Jr." title="Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr.">J. Taylor</a> (1993)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Bertram_Brockhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Bertram Brockhouse">Brockhouse</a> / <a href="/wiki/Clifford_Shull" class="mw-redirect" title="Clifford Shull">Shull</a> (1994)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Lewis_Perl" title="Martin Lewis Perl">Perl</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Reines" title="Frederick Reines">Reines</a> (1995)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/David_Lee" class="mw-redirect" title="David Lee">D. Lee</a> / <a href="/wiki/Douglas_D._Osheroff" class="mw-redirect" title="Douglas D. Osheroff">Osheroff</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Coleman_Richardson" title="Robert Coleman Richardson">R.Richardson</a> (1996)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Chu" title="Steven Chu">Chu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Claude_Cohen-Tannoudji" title="Claude Cohen-Tannoudji">Cohen-Tannoudji</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Daniel_Phillips" title="William Daniel Phillips">Phillips</a> (1997)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Betts_Laughlin" title="Robert Betts Laughlin">Laughlin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Horst_Ludwig_St%C3%B6rmer" title="Horst Ludwig Störmer">Störmer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Daniel_C._Tsui" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel C. Tsui">Tsui</a> (1998)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gerardus_%27t_Hooft" title="Gerardus &#39;t Hooft">'t Hooft</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martinus_J._G._Veltman" class="mw-redirect" title="Martinus J. G. Veltman">Veltman</a> (1999)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jores_Ivanovici_Alfiorov" title="Jores Ivanovici Alfiorov">Alfiorov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Kroemer" title="Herbert Kroemer">Kroemer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jack_Kilby" title="Jack Kilby">Kilby</a> (2000)</span> </p> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">2001&#8211;2025 </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <div> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Allin_Cornell" title="Eric Allin Cornell">Cornell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Ketterle" title="Wolfgang Ketterle">Ketterle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carl_Edwin_Wieman" title="Carl Edwin Wieman">Wieman</a> (2001)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Davis,_Jr." title="Raymond Davis, Jr.">Davis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Masatoshi_Koshiba" title="Masatoshi Koshiba">Koshiba</a> / <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Giacconi</a> (2002)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Alexei_Abrikosov" title="Alexei Abrikosov">Abrikosov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vitali_Ghinzburg" title="Vitali Ghinzburg">Ghinzburg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anthony_James_Leggett" title="Anthony James Leggett">Leggett</a> (2003)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/David_Gross" class="mw-redirect" title="David Gross">Gross</a> / <a href="/wiki/H._David_Politzer" class="mw-redirect" title="H. David Politzer">Politzer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Wilczek">Wilczek</a> (2004)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Roy_J._Glauber" class="mw-redirect" title="Roy J. Glauber">Glauber</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_L._Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="John L. Hall">Hall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Theodor_W._H%C3%A4nsch" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodor W. Hänsch">Hänsch</a> (2005)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/John_C._Mather" class="mw-redirect" title="John C. Mather">Mather</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Smoot" class="mw-redirect" title="George Smoot">Smoot</a> (2006)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Fert" title="Albert Fert">Fert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Gr%C3%BCnberg" title="Peter Grünberg">Grünberg</a> (2007)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Yoichiro_Nambu" title="Yoichiro Nambu">Nambu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi">Kobayashi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa">Maskawa</a> (2008)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Kao" title="Charles Kao">Kao</a> / <a href="/wiki/Willard_Boyle" title="Willard Boyle">Boyle</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_E._Smith" title="George E. Smith">Smith</a> (2009)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Andre_Geim" title="Andre Geim">Geim</a> / <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Novosiolov" title="Konstantin Novosiolov">Novosiolov</a> (2010)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Saul_Perlmutter" title="Saul Perlmutter">Perlmutter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brian_P._Schmidt" title="Brian P. Schmidt">B. Schmidt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Adam_G._Riess" title="Adam G. Riess">Riess</a> (2011)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Serge_Haroche" title="Serge Haroche">Haroche</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_J._Wineland" title="David J. Wineland">Wineland</a> (2012)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Englert" title="François Englert">Englert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Higgs</a> (2013)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Isamu_Akasaki" title="Isamu Akasaki">Akasaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Amano" title="Hiroshi Amano">Amano</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shuji_Nakamura" title="Shuji Nakamura">Nakamura</a> (2014)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Takaaki_Kajita" title="Takaaki Kajita">Kajita</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arthur_B._McDonald" title="Arthur B. McDonald">McDonald</a> (2015)&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32;</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/David_J._Thouless" title="David J. 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