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positioning</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: 3D positioning"> <meta name="keywords" content="3D positioning"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="3D positioning"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 446</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: 3D positioning</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">446</span> Three-Dimensional Positioning Method of Indoor Personnel Based on Millimeter Wave Radar Sensor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chao%20Wang">Chao Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuxue%20Xia"> Zuxue Xia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenhai%20Xia"> Wenhai Xia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rui%20Wang"> Rui Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiayuan%20Hu"> Jiayuan Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rui%20Cheng"> Rui Cheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aiming at the application of indoor personnel positioning under smog conditions, this paper proposes a 3D positioning method based on the IWR1443 millimeter wave radar sensor. The problem that millimeter-wave radar cannot effectively form contours in 3D point cloud imaging is solved. The results show that the method can effectively achieve indoor positioning and scene construction, and the maximum positioning error of the system is 0.130m. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20positioning" title="indoor positioning">indoor positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=millimeter%20wave%20radar" title=" millimeter wave radar"> millimeter wave radar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IWR1443%20sensor" title=" IWR1443 sensor"> IWR1443 sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=point%20cloud%20imaging" title=" point cloud imaging"> point cloud imaging</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155483/three-dimensional-positioning-method-of-indoor-personnel-based-on-millimeter-wave-radar-sensor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155483.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">445</span> Accurate Positioning Method of Indoor Plastering Robot Based on Line Laser</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guanqiao%20Wang">Guanqiao Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongyang%20Yu"> Hongyang Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is a lot of repetitive work in the traditional construction industry. These repetitive tasks can significantly improve production efficiency by replacing manual tasks with robots. There- fore, robots appear more and more frequently in the construction industry. Navigation and positioning are very important tasks for construction robots, and the requirements for accuracy of positioning are very high. Traditional indoor robots mainly use radiofrequency or vision methods for positioning. Compared with ordinary robots, the indoor plastering robot needs to be positioned closer to the wall for wall plastering, so the requirements for construction positioning accuracy are higher, and the traditional navigation positioning method has a large error, which will cause the robot to move. Without the exact position, the wall cannot be plastered, or the error of plastering the wall is large. A new positioning method is proposed, which is assisted by line lasers and uses image processing-based positioning to perform more accurate positioning on the traditional positioning work. In actual work, filter, edge detection, Hough transform and other operations are performed on the images captured by the camera. Each time the position of the laser line is found, it is compared with the standard value, and the position of the robot is moved or rotated to complete the positioning work. The experimental results show that the actual positioning error is reduced to less than 0.5 mm by this accurate positioning method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20plastering%20robot" title="indoor plastering robot">indoor plastering robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=navigation" title=" navigation"> navigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precise%20positioning" title=" precise positioning"> precise positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=line%20laser" title=" line laser"> line laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147620/accurate-positioning-method-of-indoor-plastering-robot-based-on-line-laser" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147620.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">444</span> LEDs Based Indoor Positioning by Distances Derivation from Lambertian Illumination Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan-Ren%20Chen">Yan-Ren Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jenn-Kaie%20Lain"> Jenn-Kaie Lain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a novel indoor positioning algorithm based on visible light communications, implemented by light-emitting diode fixtures. In the proposed positioning algorithm, distances between light-emitting diode fixtures and mobile terminal are derived from the assumption of ideal Lambertian optic radiation model, and Trilateration positioning method is proceeded immediately to get the coordinates of mobile terminal. The proposed positioning algorithm directly obtains distance information from the optical signal modeling, and therefore, statistical distribution of received signal strength at different positions in interior space has no need to be pre-established. Numerically, simulation results have shown that the proposed indoor positioning algorithm can provide accurate location coordinates estimation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20positioning" title="indoor positioning">indoor positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=received%20signal%20strength" title=" received signal strength"> received signal strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trilateration" title=" trilateration"> trilateration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visible%20light%20communications" title=" visible light communications"> visible light communications</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10276/leds-based-indoor-positioning-by-distances-derivation-from-lambertian-illumination-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10276.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">443</span> Coupling Time-Domain Analysis for Dynamic Positioning during S-Lay Installation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sun%20Li-Ping">Sun Li-Ping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhu%20Jian-Xun"> Zhu Jian-Xun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liu%20Sheng-Nan"> Liu Sheng-Nan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to study the performance of dynamic positioning system during S-lay operations, dynamic positioning system is simulated with the hull-stinger-pipe coupling effect. The roller of stinger is simulated by the generalized elastic contact theory. The stinger is composed of Morrison members. Force on pipe is calculated by lumped mass method. Time domain of fully coupled barge model is analyzed combining with PID controller, Kalman filter and allocation of thrust using Sequential Quadratic Programming method. It is also analyzed that the effect of hull wave frequency motion on pipe-stinger coupling force and dynamic positioning system. Besides, it is studied that how S-lay operations affect the dynamic positioning accuracy. The simulation results are proved to be available by checking pipe stress with API criterion. The effect of heave and yaw motion cannot be ignored on hull-stinger-pipe coupling force and dynamic positioning system. It is important to decrease the barge’s pitch motion and lay pipe in head sea in order to improve safety of the S-lay installation and dynamic positioning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S-lay%20operation" title="S-lay operation">S-lay operation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20positioning" title=" dynamic positioning"> dynamic positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coupling%20motion" title=" coupling motion"> coupling motion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20domain" title=" time domain"> time domain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allocation%20of%20thrust" title=" allocation of thrust "> allocation of thrust </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8016/coupling-time-domain-analysis-for-dynamic-positioning-during-s-lay-installation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8016.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">465</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">442</span> Augmentation of Automatic Selective Door Operation systems with UWB positioning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Chan">John Chan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jake%20Linnenbank"> Jake Linnenbank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gavin%20Caird"> Gavin Caird</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Automatic Selective Door Operation (ASDO) systems are increasingly used in railways to provide Correct Side Door Enable (CSDE) protection as well as to protect passenger doors opening off the platform where the train is longer than the platform, or in overshoot or undershoot scenarios. Such ASDO systems typically utilise trackside-installed RFID beacons, such as Eurobalises for odometry positioning purposes. Installing such trackside infrastructure may not be desirable or possible due to various factors such as conflict with existing infrastructure, potential damage from track tamping and jurisdiction constraints. Ultra-wideband (UWB) positioning technology could enable ASDO positioning requirements to be met without requiring installation of equipment directly on track since UWB technology can be installed on adjacent infrastructure such as on platforms. This paper will explore the feasibility of upgrading existing ASDO systems with UWB positioning technology, the feasibility of retrofitting UWB-enabled ASDO systems onto unfitted trains, and any other considerations relating to the use of UWB positioning for ASDO applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UWB" title="UWB">UWB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ASDO" title=" ASDO"> ASDO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20selective%20door%20operations" title=" automatic selective door operations"> automatic selective door operations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CSDE" title=" CSDE"> CSDE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correct%20side%20door%20enable" title=" correct side door enable"> correct side door enable</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166459/augmentation-of-automatic-selective-door-operation-systems-with-uwb-positioning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166459.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">441</span> Simulator Dynamic Positioning System with Azimuthal Thruster</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robson%20C.%20Santos">Robson C. Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christian%20N.%20Barreto"> Christian N. Barreto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gerson%20G.%20Cunha"> Gerson G. Cunha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Severino%20J.%20C.%20Neto"> Severino J. C. Neto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to project the construction of a prototype azimuthal thruster, mounted with materials of low cost and easy access, testing in a controlled environment to measure their performance, characteristics and feasibility of future projects. The construction of the simulation of dynamic positioning software, responsible for simulating a vessel and reposition it when necessary . Tests for partial and full validation of the model were conducted, operates independently of the control system and executes the commands and commands of the helix of rotation azimuth. The system provides an interface to the user and simulates the conditions unfavorable positioning of a vessel, accurately calculates the azimuth angle, the direction of rotation of the helix and the time that this should be turned on so that the vessel back to position original. There is a serial communication that connects the Simulation Dynamic Positioning System with Embedded System causing the user-generated data to simulate the DP system arrives in the form of control signals to the motors of the propellant. This article addresses issues in the marine industry employees. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=azimuthal%20thruster" title="azimuthal thruster">azimuthal thruster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20positioning" title=" dynamic positioning"> dynamic positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=embedded%20system" title=" embedded system"> embedded system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulator%20dynamic%20positioning" title=" simulator dynamic positioning"> simulator dynamic positioning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17043/simulator-dynamic-positioning-system-with-azimuthal-thruster" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17043.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">465</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">440</span> Error Correction Method for 2D Ultra-Wideband Indoor Wireless Positioning System Using Logarithmic Error Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phornpat%20Chewasoonthorn">Phornpat Chewasoonthorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surat%20Kwanmuang"> Surat Kwanmuang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indoor positioning technologies have been evolved rapidly. They augment the Global Positioning System (GPS) which requires line-of-sight to the sky to track the location of people or objects. This study developed an error correction method for an indoor real-time location system (RTLS) based on an ultra-wideband (UWB) sensor from Decawave. Multiple stationary nodes (anchor) were installed throughout the workspace. The distance between stationary and moving nodes (tag) can be measured using a two-way-ranging (TWR) scheme. The result has shown that the uncorrected ranging error from the sensor system can be as large as 1 m. To reduce ranging error and thus increase positioning accuracy, This study purposes an online correction algorithm using the Kalman filter. The results from experiments have shown that the system can reduce ranging error down to 5 cm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20positioning" title="indoor positioning">indoor positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultra-wideband" title=" ultra-wideband"> ultra-wideband</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20correction" title=" error correction"> error correction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalman%20filter" title=" Kalman filter"> Kalman filter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138120/error-correction-method-for-2d-ultra-wideband-indoor-wireless-positioning-system-using-logarithmic-error-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138120.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">439</span> Efficient Positioning of Data Aggregation Point for Wireless Sensor Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sifat%20Rahman%20Ahona">Sifat Rahman Ahona</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rifat%20Tasnim"> Rifat Tasnim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naima%20Hassan"> Naima Hassan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Data aggregation is a helpful technique for reducing the data communication overhead in wireless sensor network. One of the important tasks of data aggregation is positioning of the aggregator points. There are a lot of works done on data aggregation. But, efficient positioning of the aggregators points is not focused so much. In this paper, authors are focusing on the positioning or the placement of the aggregation points in wireless sensor network. Authors proposed an algorithm to select the aggregators positions for a scenario where aggregator nodes are more powerful than sensor nodes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggregation%20point" title="aggregation point">aggregation point</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20communication" title=" data communication"> data communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20aggregation" title=" data aggregation"> data aggregation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensor%20network" title=" wireless sensor network "> wireless sensor network </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126967/efficient-positioning-of-data-aggregation-point-for-wireless-sensor-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126967.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">438</span> A Fast GPS Satellites Signals Detection Algorithm Based on Simplified Fast Fourier Transform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beldjilali%20Bilal">Beldjilali Bilal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benadda%20Belkacem"> Benadda Belkacem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kahlouche%20Salem"> Kahlouche Salem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the Doppler effect caused by the high velocity of satellite and in some case receivers, the frequency of the Global Positioning System (GPS) signals are transformed into a new ones. Several acquisition algorithms frequency of the Global Positioning System (GPS) signals are transformed can be used to estimate the new frequency and phase shifts values. Numerous algorithms are based on the frequencies domain calculation. Our developed algorithm is a new approach dedicated to the Global Positioning System signal acquisition based on the fast Fourier transform. Our proposed new algorithm is easier to implement and has fast execution time compared with elder ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20positioning%20system" title="global positioning system">global positioning system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acquisition" title=" acquisition"> acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FFT" title=" FFT"> FFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPS%2FL1" title=" GPS/L1"> GPS/L1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20receiver" title=" software receiver"> software receiver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weak%20signal" title=" weak signal"> weak signal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84390/a-fast-gps-satellites-signals-detection-algorithm-based-on-simplified-fast-fourier-transform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84390.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">437</span> Using Heat-Mask in the Thermoforming Machine for Component Positioning in Thermoformed Electronics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behnam%20Madadnia">Behnam Madadnia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For several years, 3D-shaped electronics have been rising, with many uses in home appliances, automotive, and manufacturing. One of the biggest challenges in the fabrication of 3D shape electronics, which are made by thermoforming, is repeatable and accurate component positioning, and typically there is no control over the final position of the component. This paper aims to address this issue and present a reliable approach for guiding the electronic components in the desired place during thermoforming. We have proposed a heat-control mask in the thermoforming machine to control the heating of the polymer, not allowing specific parts to be formable, which can assure the conductive traces' mechanical stability during thermoforming of the substrate. We have verified our approach's accuracy by applying our method on a real industrial semi-sphere mold for positioning 7 LEDs and one touch sensor. We measured the LEDs' position after thermoforming to prove the process's repeatability. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed method is capable of positioning electronic components in thermoformed 3D electronics with high precision. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D-shaped%20electronics" title="3D-shaped electronics">3D-shaped electronics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20components" title=" electronic components"> electronic components</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoforming" title=" thermoforming"> thermoforming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=component%20positioning" title=" component positioning"> component positioning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158377/using-heat-mask-in-the-thermoforming-machine-for-component-positioning-in-thermoformed-electronics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">97</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">436</span> Non-Linear Control in Positioning of PMLSM by Estimates of the Load Force by MRAS Method </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maamar%20Yahiaoui">Maamar Yahiaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelrrahmene%20Kechich"> Abdelrrahmene Kechich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Elkhallile%20Bousserhene"> Ismail Elkhallile Bousserhene</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article presents a study in simulation by means of MATLAB/Simulink software of the nonlinear control in positioning of a linear synchronous machine with the esteemed force of load, to have effective control in the estimator in all tests the wished trajectory follows and the disturbance of load start. The results of simulation prove clearly that the control proposed can detect the reference of positioning the value estimates of load force equal to the actual value. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title="mathematical model">mathematical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matlab" title=" Matlab"> Matlab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PMLSM" title=" PMLSM"> PMLSM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control" title=" control"> control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linearization" title=" linearization"> linearization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estimator" title=" estimator"> estimator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=force" title=" force"> force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load" title=" load"> load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=current" title=" current "> current </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11469/non-linear-control-in-positioning-of-pmlsm-by-estimates-of-the-load-force-by-mras-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11469.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">608</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">435</span> Indoor Real-Time Positioning and Mapping Based on Manhattan Hypothesis Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linhang%20Zhu">Linhang Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongyu%20Zhu"> Hongyu Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiahe%20Liu"> Jiahe Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigated a method of indoor real-time positioning and mapping based on the Manhattan world assumption. In indoor environments, relying solely on feature matching techniques or other geometric algorithms for sensor pose estimation inevitably resulted in cumulative errors, posing a significant challenge to indoor positioning. To address this issue, we adopt the Manhattan world hypothesis to optimize the camera pose algorithm based on feature matching, which improves the accuracy of camera pose estimation. A special processing method was applied to image data frames that conformed to the Manhattan world assumption. When similar data frames appeared subsequently, this could be used to eliminate drift in sensor pose estimation, thereby reducing cumulative errors in estimation and optimizing mapping and positioning. Through experimental verification, it is found that our method achieves high-precision real-time positioning in indoor environments and successfully generates maps of indoor environments. This provides effective technical support for applications such as indoor navigation and robot control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manhattan%20world%20hypothesis" title="Manhattan world hypothesis">Manhattan world hypothesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real-time%20positioning%20and%20mapping" title=" real-time positioning and mapping"> real-time positioning and mapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature%20matching" title=" feature matching"> feature matching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loopback%20detection" title=" loopback detection"> loopback detection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173745/indoor-real-time-positioning-and-mapping-based-on-manhattan-hypothesis-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173745.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">434</span> The Impact of Brand-Related User-Generated Content on Brand Positioning: A Study on Private Higher Education Institutes in Vietnam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charitha%20Harshani%20Perera">Charitha Harshani Perera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajkishore%20%20Nayak"> Rajkishore Nayak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Long%20Thang%20Van%20Nguyen"> Long Thang Van Nguyen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the advent of social media, Vietnam has changed the way customers perceive the information about the brand. In the context of higher education, the adoption of social media has received attention with the increasing rate of social media usage among undergraduates. Brand-related user-generated content (UGC) on social media emphasizes the social ties between users and users’ participation, which promotes the communication to build and maintain the relationship with the brands. Although brand positioning offers a significant competitive advantage, the association with brand-related user-generated content in social media with brand positioning in the context of higher education is still an under-researched area. Accordingly, using social identity theory and social exchange theory, this research aims to deepen our understanding of the influence of brand-related user-generated content on brand positioning and purchase intention. Employing a quantitative survey design,384 Vietnamese undergraduates were selected based on purposive sampling. The findings suggest that brand-related user-generated content influence brand positioning and brand choice intention. However, there is a significant mediating effect of the reliability and understandability of the content. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20positioning" title="brand positioning">brand positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand-related%20user-generated%20content" title=" brand-related user-generated content"> brand-related user-generated content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20countries" title=" emerging countries"> emerging countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education" title=" higher education "> higher education </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113688/the-impact-of-brand-related-user-generated-content-on-brand-positioning-a-study-on-private-higher-education-institutes-in-vietnam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113688.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">433</span> Automatic Battery Charging for Rotor Wings Type Unmanned Aerial Vehicle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeyeon%20Kim">Jeyeon Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes the development of the automatic battery charging device for the rotor wings type unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and the positioning method that can be accurately landed on the charging device when landing. The developed automatic battery charging device is considered by simple maintenance, durability, cost and error of the positioning when landing. In order to for the UAV accurately land on the charging device, two kinds of markers (a color marker and a light marker) installed on the charging device is detected by the camera mounted on the UAV. And then, the UAV is controlled so that the detected marker becomes the center of the image and is landed on the device. We conduct the performance evaluation of the proposal positioning method by the outdoor experiments at day and night, and show the effectiveness of the system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unmanned%20aerial%20vehicle" title="unmanned aerial vehicle">unmanned aerial vehicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20battery%20charging" title=" automatic battery charging"> automatic battery charging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positioning" title=" positioning"> positioning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71183/automatic-battery-charging-for-rotor-wings-type-unmanned-aerial-vehicle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71183.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">364</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">432</span> Long-Baseline Single-epoch RTK Positioning Method Based on BDS-3 and Galileo Penta-Frequency Ionosphere-Reduced Combinations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liwei%20Liu">Liwei Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shuguo%20Pan"> Shuguo Pan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wang%20Gao"> Wang Gao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to take full advantages of the BDS-3 penta-frequency signals in the long-baseline RTK positioning, a long-baseline RTK positioning method based on the BDS-3 penta-frequency ionospheric-reduced (IR) combinations is proposed. First, the low noise and weak ionospheric delay characteristics of the multi-frequency combined observations of BDS-3is analyzed. Second, the multi-frequency extra-wide-lane (EWL)/ wide-lane (WL) combinations with long-wavelengths are constructed. Third, the fixed IR EWL combinations are used to constrain the IR WL, then constrain narrow-lane (NL)ambiguityies and start multi-epoch filtering. There is no need to consider the influence of ionospheric parameters in the third step. Compared with the estimated ionospheric model, the proposed method reduces the number of parameters by half, so it is suitable for the use of multi-frequency and multi-system real-time RTK. The results using real data show that the stepwise fixed model of the IR EWL/WL/NL combinations can realize long-baseline instantaneous cimeter-level positioning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=penta-frequency" title="penta-frequency">penta-frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionospheric-reduced%20%28IR%29" title=" ionospheric-reduced (IR)"> ionospheric-reduced (IR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RTK%20positioning" title=" RTK positioning"> RTK positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long-baseline" title=" long-baseline"> long-baseline</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145983/long-baseline-single-epoch-rtk-positioning-method-based-on-bds-3-and-galileo-penta-frequency-ionosphere-reduced-combinations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">431</span> A Local Invariant Generalized Hough Transform Method for Integrated Circuit Visual Positioning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Feilong">Wei Feilong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, an local invariant generalized Houghtransform (LI-GHT) method is proposed for integrated circuit (IC) visual positioning. The original generalized Hough transform (GHT) is robust to external noise; however, it is not suitable for visual positioning of IC chips due to the four-dimensionality (4D) of parameter space which leads to the substantial storage requirement and high computational complexity. The proposed LI-GHT method can reduce the dimensionality of parameter space to 2D thanks to the rotational invariance of local invariant geometric feature and it can estimate the accuracy position and rotation angle of IC chips in real-time under noise and blur influence. The experiment results show that the proposed LI-GHT can estimate position and rotation angle of IC chips with high accuracy and fast speed. The proposed LI-GHT algorithm was implemented in IC visual positioning system of radio frequency identification (RFID) packaging equipment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Integrated%20Circuit%20Visual%20Positioning" title="Integrated Circuit Visual Positioning">Integrated Circuit Visual Positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Generalized%20Hough%20Transform" title=" Generalized Hough Transform"> Generalized Hough Transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Local%20invariant%20Generalized%20Hough%20Transform" title=" Local invariant Generalized Hough Transform"> Local invariant Generalized Hough Transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICpacking%20equipment" title=" ICpacking equipment"> ICpacking equipment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3976/a-local-invariant-generalized-hough-transform-method-for-integrated-circuit-visual-positioning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3976.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">430</span> A Route Guidance System for Car Finding in Indoor Parking Garages</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pei-Chun%20Lee">Pei-Chun Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheng-Shih%20Wang"> Sheng-Shih Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a route guidance system for car owners to find their cars in parking garages. The presents system comprises a positioning-assisting subsystem and a car-finding mobile app. The positioning-assisting subsystem mainly uses the iBeacon technology for indoor positioning. The car-finding mobile app guides car owners to their cars based on a non-map navigation strategy. This study also designs a virtual coordinate system to support identifying the locations of parking spaces and iBeacon devices. We use Arduino and Android as the platforms to implement the proposed positioning-assisting subsystem and car-finding mobile app, respectively. We have also deployed the system in a parking garage in our campus for testing. Experimental results verify that our system can efficiently and correctly guide car owners to the parking spaces of their cars. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guidance" title="guidance">guidance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iBeacon" title=" iBeacon"> iBeacon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20app" title=" mobile app"> mobile app</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=navigation" title=" navigation"> navigation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54035/a-route-guidance-system-for-car-finding-in-indoor-parking-garages" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54035.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">646</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">429</span> Screen Method of Distributed Cooperative Navigation Factors for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Swarm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Can%20Zhang">Can Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qun%20Li"> Qun Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yonglin%20Lei"> Yonglin Lei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhi%20Zhu"> Zhi Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong%20Guo"> Dong Guo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aiming at the problem of factor screen in distributed collaborative navigation of dense UAV swarm, an efficient distributed collaborative navigation factor screen method is proposed. The method considered the balance between computing load and positioning accuracy. The proposed algorithm utilized the factor graph model to implement a distributed collaborative navigation algorithm. The GNSS information of the UAV itself and the ranging information between the UAVs are used as the positioning factors. In this distributed scheme, a local factor graph is established for each UAV. The positioning factors of nodes with good geometric position distribution and small variance are selected to participate in the navigation calculation. To demonstrate and verify the proposed methods, the simulation and experiments in different scenarios are performed in this research. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves a good balance between the computing load and positioning accuracy in the distributed cooperative navigation calculation of UAV swarm. This proposed algorithm has important theoretical and practical value for both industry and academic areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=screen%20method" title="screen method">screen method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooperative%20positioning%20system" title=" cooperative positioning system"> cooperative positioning system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UAV%20swarm" title=" UAV swarm"> UAV swarm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factor%20graph" title=" factor graph"> factor graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooperative%20navigation" title=" cooperative navigation"> cooperative navigation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166690/screen-method-of-distributed-cooperative-navigation-factors-for-unmanned-aerial-vehicle-swarm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166690.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">428</span> Image Features Comparison-Based Position Estimation Method Using a Camera Sensor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinseon%20Song">Jinseon Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongwan%20Park"> Yongwan Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, propose method that can user’s position that based on database is built from single camera. Previous positioning calculate distance by arrival-time of signal like GPS (Global Positioning System), RF(Radio Frequency). However, these previous method have weakness because these have large error range according to signal interference. Method for solution estimate position by camera sensor. But, signal camera is difficult to obtain relative position data and stereo camera is difficult to provide real-time position data because of a lot of image data, too. First of all, in this research we build image database at space that able to provide positioning service with single camera. Next, we judge similarity through image matching of database image and transmission image from user. Finally, we decide position of user through position of most similar database image. For verification of propose method, we experiment at real-environment like indoor and outdoor. Propose method is wide positioning range and this method can verify not only position of user but also direction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positioning" title="positioning">positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distance" title=" distance"> distance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=camera" title=" camera"> camera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=features" title=" features"> features</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SURF%28Speed-Up%20Robust%20Features%29" title=" SURF(Speed-Up Robust Features)"> SURF(Speed-Up Robust Features)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=database" title=" database"> database</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estimation" title=" estimation"> estimation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11844/image-features-comparison-based-position-estimation-method-using-a-camera-sensor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11844.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">427</span> Comparative Study of Various Treatment Positioning Technique: A Site Specific Study-CA. Breast</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamal%20Kaushik">Kamal Kaushik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dandpani%20Epili"> Dandpani Epili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajay%20G.%20V."> Ajay G. V.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashutosh"> Ashutosh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Pradhaan"> S. Pradhaan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Radiation therapy has come a long way over a period of decades, from 2-dimensional radiotherapy to intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) or VMAT. For advanced radiation therapy, we need better patient position reproducibility to deliver precise and quality treatment, which raises the need for better image guidance technologies for precise patient positioning. This study presents a two tattoo simulation with roll correction technique which is comparable to other advanced patient positioning techniques. Objective: This is a site-specific study is aimed to perform a comparison between various treatment positioning techniques used for the treatment of patients of Ca- Breast undergoing radiotherapy. In this study, we are comparing 5 different positioning methods used for the treatment of ca-breast, namely i) Vacloc with 3 tattoos, ii) Breast board with three tattoos, iii) Thermoplastic cast with three fiducials, iv) Breast board with a thermoplastic mask with 3 tattoo, v) Breast board with 2 tattoos – A roll correction method. Methods and material: All in one (AIO) solution immobilization was used in all patient positioning techniques for immobilization. The process of two tattoo simulations includes positioning of the patient with the help of a thoracic-abdomen wedge, armrest & knee rest. After proper patient positioning, we mark two tattoos on the treatment side of the patient. After positioning, place fiducials as per the clinical borders markers (1) sternum notch (lower border of clavicle head) (2) 2 cm below from contralateral breast (3) midline between 1 & 2 markers (4) mid axillary on the same axis of 3 markers (Marker 3 & 4 should be on the same axis). During plan implementation, a roll depth correction is applied as per the anterior and lateral positioning tattoos, followed by the shifts required for the Isocentre position. The shifts are then verified by SSD on the patient surface followed by radiographic verification using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Results: When all the five positioning techniques were compared all together, the produced shifts in Vertical, Longitudinal and lateral directions are as follows. The observations clearly suggest that the Longitudinal average shifts in two tattoo roll correction techniques are less than every other patient positioning technique. Vertical and lateral Shifts are also comparable to other modern positioning techniques. Concluded: The two tattoo simulation with roll correction technique provides us better patient setup with a technique that can be implemented easily in most of the radiotherapy centers across the developing nations where 3D verification techniques are not available along with delivery units as the shifts observed are quite minimal and are comparable to those with Vacloc and modern amenities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ca.%20breast" title="Ca. breast">Ca. breast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20board" title=" breast board"> breast board</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roll%20correction%20technique" title=" roll correction technique"> roll correction technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CBCT" title=" CBCT"> CBCT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148066/comparative-study-of-various-treatment-positioning-technique-a-site-specific-study-ca-breast" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148066.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">426</span> An Indoor Positioning System in Wireless Sensor Networks with Measurement Delay</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pyung%20Soo%20Kim">Pyung Soo Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eung%20Hyuk%20Lee"> Eung Hyuk Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mun%20Suck%20Jang"> Mun Suck Jang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the current paper, an indoor positioning system is proposed with consideration of measurement delay. Firstly, an estimation filter with a measurement delay is designed for the indoor positioning mechanism under a weighted least square criterion, which utilizes only finite measurements on the most recent window. The proposed estimation filtering based scheme gives the filtered estimates for position, velocity and acceleration of moving target in real-time, while removing undesired noisy effects and preserving desired moving positions. Secondly, the proposed scheme is shown to have good inherent properties such as unbiasedness, efficiency, time-invariance, deadbeat, and robustness due to the finite memory structure. Finally, computer simulations shows that the performance of the proposed estimation filtering based scheme can outperform to the existing infinite memory filtering based mechanism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20positioning%20system" title="indoor positioning system">indoor positioning system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensor%20networks" title=" wireless sensor networks"> wireless sensor networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measurement%20delay" title=" measurement delay"> measurement delay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21330/an-indoor-positioning-system-in-wireless-sensor-networks-with-measurement-delay" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21330.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">482</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">425</span> An Adaptive Back-Propagation Network and Kalman Filter Based Multi-Sensor Fusion Method for Train Location System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-ding%20Du">Yu-ding Du</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qi-lian%20Bao"> Qi-lian Bao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nassim%20Bessaad"> Nassim Bessaad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lin%20Liu"> Lin Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is regarded as an effective approach for the purpose of replacing the large amount used track-side balises in modern train localization systems. This paper describes a method based on the data fusion of a GNSS receiver sensor and an odometer sensor that can significantly improve the positioning accuracy. A digital track map is needed as another sensor to project two-dimensional GNSS position to one-dimensional along-track distance due to the fact that the train’s position can only be constrained on the track. A model trained by BP neural network is used to estimate the trend positioning error which is related to the specific location and proximate processing of the digital track map. Considering that in some conditions the satellite signal failure will lead to the increase of GNSS positioning error, a detection step for GNSS signal is applied. An adaptive weighted fusion algorithm is presented to reduce the standard deviation of train speed measurement. Finally an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is used for the fusion of the projected 1-D GNSS positioning data and the 1-D train speed data to get the estimate position. Experimental results suggest that the proposed method performs well, which can reduce positioning error notably. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-sensor%20data%20fusion" title="multi-sensor data fusion">multi-sensor data fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=train%20positioning" title=" train positioning"> train positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GNSS" title=" GNSS"> GNSS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=odometer" title=" odometer"> odometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20track%20map" title=" digital track map"> digital track map</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=map%20matching" title=" map matching"> map matching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BP%20neural%20network" title=" BP neural network"> BP neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20weighted%20fusion" title=" adaptive weighted fusion"> adaptive weighted fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalman%20filter" title=" Kalman filter"> Kalman filter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98264/an-adaptive-back-propagation-network-and-kalman-filter-based-multi-sensor-fusion-method-for-train-location-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98264.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">424</span> Dynamic Fault Tree Analysis of Dynamic Positioning System through Monte Carlo Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20S.%20Cheliyan">A. S. Cheliyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20Bhattacharyya"> S. K. Bhattacharyya </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dynamic Positioning System (DPS) is employed in marine vessels of the offshore oil and gas industry. It is a computer controlled system to automatically maintain a ship’s position and heading by using its own thrusters. Reliability assessment of the same can be analyzed through conventional fault tree. However, the complex behaviour like sequence failure, redundancy management and priority of failing of events cannot be analyzed by the conventional fault trees. The Dynamic Fault Tree (DFT) addresses these shortcomings of conventional Fault Tree by defining additional gates called dynamic gates. Monte Carlo based simulation approach has been adopted for the dynamic gates. This method of realistic modeling of DPS gives meaningful insight into the system reliability and the ability to improve the same. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20positioning%20system" title="dynamic positioning system">dynamic positioning system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20fault%20tree" title=" dynamic fault tree"> dynamic fault tree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monte%20Carlo%20simulation" title=" Monte Carlo simulation"> Monte Carlo simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20assessment" title=" reliability assessment "> reliability assessment </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58683/dynamic-fault-tree-analysis-of-dynamic-positioning-system-through-monte-carlo-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">774</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">423</span> Orthodontic Treatment Using CAD/CAM System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristiane%20C.%20B.%20Alves">Cristiane C. B. Alves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Livia%20Eisler"> Livia Eisler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gustavo%20Mota"> Gustavo Mota</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kurt%20Faltin%20Jr."> Kurt Faltin Jr.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristina%20L.%20F.%20Ortolani"> Cristina L. F. Ortolani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The correct positioning of the brackets is essential for the success of orthodontic treatment. Indirect bracket placing technique has the main objective of eliminating the positioning errors, which commonly occur in the technique of direct system of brackets. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that the exact positioning of the brackets is of extreme relevance for the success of the treatment. The present work shows a case report of an adult female patient who attended the clinic with the complaint of being in orthodontic treatment for more than 5 years without noticing any progress. As a result of the intra-oral clinical examination and documentation analysis, a class III malocclusion, an anterior open bite, and absence of all third molars and first upper and lower bilateral premolars were observed. For the treatment, the indirect bonding technique with self-ligating ceramic braces was applied. The preparation of the trays was done after the intraoral digital scanning and printing of models with a 3D printer. Brackets were positioned virtually, using a specialized software. After twelve months of treatment, correction of the malocclusion was observed, as well as the closing of the anterior open bite. It is concluded that the adequate and precise positioning of brackets is necessary for a successful treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anterior%20open-bite" title="anterior open-bite">anterior open-bite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAD%2FCAM" title=" CAD/CAM"> CAD/CAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthodontics" title=" orthodontics"> orthodontics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malocclusion" title=" malocclusion"> malocclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angle%20class%20III" title=" angle class III"> angle class III</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96816/orthodontic-treatment-using-cadcam-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">422</span> Analysis and Performance of European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service System in North of Algeria for GPS Single Point Positioning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tabti%20Lahouaria">Tabti Lahouaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kahlouche%20Salem"> Kahlouche Salem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benadda%20Belkacem"> Benadda Belkacem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beldjilali%20Bilal"> Beldjilali Bilal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) provides an augmentation signal to GPS (Global Positioning System) single point positioning. Presently EGNOS provides data correction and integrity information using the GPS L1 (1575.42 MHz) frequency band. The main objective of this system is to provide a better real-time positioning precision than using GPS only. They are expected to be used with single-frequency code observations. EGNOS offers navigation performance for an open service (OS), in terms of precision and availability this performance gradually degrades as moving away from the service area. For accurate system performance, the service will become less and less available as the user moves away from the EGNOS service. The improvement in position solution is investigated using the two collocated dual frequency GPS, where no EGNOS Ranging and Integrity Monitoring Station (RIMS) exists. One of the pseudo-range was kept as GPS stand-alone and the other was corrected by EGNOS to estimate the planimetric and altimetric precision for different dates. It is found that precision in position improved significantly in the second due to EGNOS correction. The performance of EGNOS system in the north of Algeria is also investigated in terms of integrity. The results show that the horizontal protection level (HPL) value is below 18.25 meters (95%) and the vertical protection level (VPL) is below 42.22 meters (95 %). These results represent good integrity information transmitted by EGNOS for APV I service. This service is thus compliant with the aviation requirements for Approaches with Vertical Guidance (APV-I), which is characterised by 40 m HAL (horizontal alarm limit) and 50 m VAL (vertical alarm limit). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EGNOS" title="EGNOS">EGNOS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPS" title=" GPS"> GPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positioning" title=" positioning"> positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrity" title=" integrity"> integrity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protection%20level" title=" protection level"> protection level</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84664/analysis-and-performance-of-european-geostationary-navigation-overlay-service-system-in-north-of-algeria-for-gps-single-point-positioning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84664.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">421</span> Optimal Design of Reference Node Placement for Wireless Indoor Positioning Systems in Multi-Floor Building</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kittipob%20Kondee">Kittipob Kondee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chutima%20Prommak"> Chutima Prommak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose an optimization technique that can be used to optimize the placements of reference nodes and improve the location determination performance for the multi-floor building. The proposed technique is based on Simulated Annealing algorithm (SA) and is called MSMR-M. The performance study in this work is based on simulation. We compare other node-placement techniques found in the literature with the optimal node-placement solutions obtained from our optimization. The results show that using the optimal node-placement obtained by our proposed technique can improve the positioning error distances up to 20% better than those of the other techniques. The proposed technique can provide an average error distance within 1.42 meters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20positioning%20system" title="indoor positioning system">indoor positioning system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization%20system%20design" title=" optimization system design"> optimization system design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-floor%20building" title=" multi-floor building"> multi-floor building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensor%20networks" title=" wireless sensor networks"> wireless sensor networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9947/optimal-design-of-reference-node-placement-for-wireless-indoor-positioning-systems-in-multi-floor-building" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9947.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">246</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">420</span> Resistance Analysis for a Trimaran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20M.%20De%20Marco%20Muscat-Fenech">C. M. De Marco Muscat-Fenech</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Grech%20La%20Rosa"> A. M. Grech La Rosa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Importance has been given to resistance analysis for various types of vessels; however explicit guidelines applied to multihull vessels have not been clearly defined. The purpose of this investigation is to highlight the importance of the vessel’s layout in terms of three axes positioning, the transverse (separation), the longitudinal (stagger) and the vertical (draught) with respect to resistance analysis. A vessel has the potential to experience less resistance, at a particular range of speeds, for a vast selection of hull positioning. Many potential layouts create opportunities of various design for both the commercial and leisure market. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multihull" title="multihull">multihull</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reistance" title=" reistance"> reistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trimaran" title=" trimaran"> trimaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vessels" title=" vessels "> vessels </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1878/resistance-analysis-for-a-trimaran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1878.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">478</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">419</span> Investigation of TEC Using YOUTHSAT RaBIT Payload Data for Low Latitude Regions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Perumalla%20Naveen%20Kumar">Perumalla Naveen Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Global Positioning System (GPS) is used for civilian and military user positioning applications. The accuracy of GPS is degrading mainly because of ionospheric error. It is very important to analyze the effects of ionosphere on the performance of satellite systems especially in the low latitude regions. These variations depend on the Total Electron Content (TEC) in the ionosphere. To investigate the variations in the atmosphere, a mini satellite known as YOUTHSAT is launched by India. This is the outcome of the collaboration between India and USSR. One of the YOUTHSAT Indian payload is RaBIT (Radio Beacon for Ionospheric Tomography). In this paper, YOUTHSAT RaBIT payload data for the three typical days of 2011 are considered. The analysis is carried out for four Indian stations. The variations of Slant TEC, elevation angle and azimuth angles are analyzed with respect to local time. The obtained results are encouraging. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Global%20Positioning%20System%20%28GPS%29" title="Global Positioning System (GPS)">Global Positioning System (GPS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Total%20Electron%20Content%20%28TEC%29" title=" Total Electron Content (TEC)"> Total Electron Content (TEC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=YOUTHSAT" title=" YOUTHSAT"> YOUTHSAT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radio%20Beacon%20for%20Ionospheric%20Tomography%20%28RaBIT%29" title=" Radio Beacon for Ionospheric Tomography (RaBIT)"> Radio Beacon for Ionospheric Tomography (RaBIT)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10293/investigation-of-tec-using-youthsat-rabit-payload-data-for-low-latitude-regions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10293.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">418</span> Global Navigation Satellite System and Precise Point Positioning as Remote Sensing Tools for Monitoring Tropospheric Water Vapor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Panupong%20Makvichian">Panupong Makvichian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is nowadays a common technology that improves navigation functions in our life. Additionally, GNSS is also being employed on behalf of an accurate atmospheric sensor these times. Meteorology is a practical application of GNSS, which is unnoticeable in the background of people’s life. GNSS Precise Point Positioning (PPP) is a positioning method that requires data from a single dual-frequency receiver and precise information about satellite positions and satellite clocks. In addition, careful attention to mitigate various error sources is required. All the above data are combined in a sophisticated mathematical algorithm. At this point, the research is going to demonstrate how GNSS and PPP method is capable to provide high-precision estimates, such as 3D positions or Zenith tropospheric delays (ZTDs). ZTDs combined with pressure and temperature information allows us to estimate the water vapor in the atmosphere as precipitable water vapor (PWV). If the process is replicated for a network of GNSS sensors, we can create thematic maps that allow extract water content information in any location within the network area. All of the above are possible thanks to the advances in GNSS data processing. Therefore, we are able to use GNSS data for climatic trend analysis and acquisition of the further knowledge about the atmospheric water content. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GNSS" title="GNSS">GNSS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precise%20point%20positioning" title=" precise point positioning"> precise point positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zenith%20tropospheric%20delays" title=" Zenith tropospheric delays"> Zenith tropospheric delays</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precipitable%20water%20vapor" title=" precipitable water vapor"> precipitable water vapor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80479/global-navigation-satellite-system-and-precise-point-positioning-as-remote-sensing-tools-for-monitoring-tropospheric-water-vapor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80479.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">417</span> Brand Positioning in Iran: A Case Study of the Professional Soccer League </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homeira%20Asadi%20Kavan">Homeira Asadi Kavan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Nasrollah%20Sajjadi"> Seyed Nasrollah Sajjadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehrzade%20Hamidi"> Mehrzade Hamidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Rajabi"> Hossein Rajabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Bigdely"> Mahdi Bigdely</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Positioning strategies of a sports brand can create a unique impression in the minds of the fans, sponsors, and other stakeholders. In order to influence potential customer's perception in an effective and positive way, a brands positioning strategy must be unique, credible, and relevant. Many sports clubs in Iran have been struggling to implement and achieve brand positioning accomplishments, due to different reasons such as lack of experience, scarcity of experts in the sports branding, and lack of related researches in this field. This study will provide a comprehensive theoretical framework and action plan for sport managers and marketers to design and implement effective brand positioning and to enable them to be distinguishable from competing brands and sports clubs. The study instrument is interviews with sports marketing and brand experts who have been working in this industry for a minimum of 20 years. Qualitative data analysis was performed using Atlast.ti text mining software version 7 and Open, axial and selective coding were employed to uncover and systematically analyze important and complex phenomena and elements. The findings show 199 effective elements in positioning strategies in Iran Professional Soccer League. These elements are categorized into 23 concepts and sub-categories as follows: Structural prerequisites, Strategic management prerequisites, Commercial prerequisites, Major external prerequisites, Brand personality, Club symbols, Emotional aspects, Event aspects, Fans’ strategies, Marketing information strategies, Marketing management strategies, Empowerment strategies, Executive management strategies, League context, Fans’ background, Market context, Club’s organizational context, Support context, Major contexts, Political-Legal elements, Economic factors, Social factors, and Technological factors. Eventually, the study model was developed by 6 main dimensions of Causal prerequisites, Axial Phenomenon (brand position), Strategies, Context Factors, Interfering Factors, and Consequences. Based on the findings, practical recommendations and strategies are suggested that can help club managers and marketers in developing and improving their respective sport clubs, brand positioning, and activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20positioning" title="brand positioning">brand positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soccer%20club" title=" soccer club"> soccer club</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sport%20marketing" title=" sport marketing"> sport marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran%20professional%20soccer%20league" title=" Iran professional soccer league"> Iran professional soccer league</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20strategy" title=" brand strategy"> brand strategy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129036/brand-positioning-in-iran-a-case-study-of-the-professional-soccer-league" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20positioning&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20positioning&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20positioning&page=4">4</a></li> 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