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#gs_asd_frm{margin-top:-8px;}.gs_asd_tr{clear:both;}.gs_el_tc .gs_asd_tr{padding:8px 0;}.gs_el_tc .gs_asd_tr:first-child{padding-bottom:0;}.gs_asd_dt{float:left;width:190px;padding:6px 2px 2px;}.gs_el_tc .gs_asd_dt{float:none;width:auto;padding:0 0 4px 0;}.gs_asd_dd{margin-left:194px;padding:2px;}.gs_el_tc .gs_asd_dd{margin-left:0;padding:0;}.gs_asd_yri .gs_in_txt{width:48px;}.gs_el_ph #gs_asd input,.gs_el_ph #gs_asd label{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);}.gs_asd_occtr{padding:5px 0;}.gs_el_tc .gs_asd_occtr{padding:0;}</style><form id="gs_asd_frm" class="gs_scl" action="/scholar"><div class="gs_asd_tr"><div class="gs_asd_dt" id="gs_asd_dt_t"><b>Find articles</b></div></div><div class="gs_asd_tr"><div class="gs_asd_dt"><label for="gs_asd_q">with <b>all</b> of the words</label></div><div class="gs_asd_dd"><div class="gs_in_txtw gs_in_txtm gs_in_txtb"><input type="text" class="gs_in_txt" name="as_q" value="" id="gs_asd_q" autocapitalize="off"><div class="gs_in_txts"></div></div></div></div><div class="gs_asd_tr"><div class="gs_asd_dt"><label for="gs_asd_epq">with the <b>exact phrase</b></label></div><div class="gs_asd_dd"><div class="gs_in_txtw gs_in_txtm gs_in_txtb"><input type="text" class="gs_in_txt" name="as_epq" value="" id="gs_asd_epq" autocapitalize="off"><div class="gs_in_txts"></div></div></div></div><div class="gs_asd_tr"><div class="gs_asd_dt"><label for="gs_asd_oq">with <b>at least one</b> of the words</label></div><div class="gs_asd_dd"><div class="gs_in_txtw gs_in_txtm gs_in_txtb"><input type="text" class="gs_in_txt" name="as_oq" value="" id="gs_asd_oq" autocapitalize="off"><div class="gs_in_txts"></div></div></div></div><div class="gs_asd_tr"><div class="gs_asd_dt"><label for="gs_asd_eq"><b>without</b> the words</label></div><div class="gs_asd_dd"><div class="gs_in_txtw gs_in_txtm gs_in_txtb"><input type="text" class="gs_in_txt" name="as_eq" value="" id="gs_asd_eq" autocapitalize="off"><div class="gs_in_txts"></div></div></div></div><div class="gs_asd_tr"><div class="gs_asd_dt"><label for="gs_asd_occt">where my words occur</label></div><div class="gs_asd_dd"><div class="gs_asd_occtr"><span class="gs_in_ra" onclick="void(0)"><input type="radio" name="as_occt" value="any" id="gs_asd_occt_a" checked><label for="gs_asd_occt_a">anywhere in the article</label><span class="gs_chk"></span><span class="gs_cbx"></span></span></div><div class="gs_asd_occtr"><span class="gs_in_ra" onclick="void(0)"><input type="radio" name="as_occt" value="title" id="gs_asd_occt_t"><label for="gs_asd_occt_t">in the title of the article</label><span class="gs_chk"></span><span class="gs_cbx"></span></span></div></div></div><div class="gs_asd_tr"><div class="gs_asd_dt"><label for="gs_asd_sau">Return articles <b>authored</b> by</label></div><div class="gs_asd_dd"><div class="gs_in_txtw gs_in_txtm gs_in_txtb"><input type="text" class="gs_in_txt" name="as_sauthors" value="" id="gs_asd_sau" autocapitalize="off"><div class="gs_in_txts"></div></div><div>e.g., <i>"PJ Hayes"</i> or <i>McCarthy</i></div></div></div><div class="gs_asd_tr"><div class="gs_asd_dt"><label for="gs_asd_pub">Return articles <b>published</b> in</label></div><div class="gs_asd_dd"><div class="gs_in_txtw gs_in_txtm gs_in_txtb"><input type="text" class="gs_in_txt" name="as_publication" value="" id="gs_asd_pub" autocapitalize="off"><div class="gs_in_txts"></div></div><div>e.g., <i>J Biol Chem</i> or <i>Nature</i></div></div></div><div class="gs_asd_tr"><div class="gs_asd_dt"><label for="gs_asd_ylo">Return articles <b>dated</b> between</label></div><div class="gs_asd_dd"><div class="gs_asd_yri"><div class="gs_in_txtw gs_in_txtm"><input type="text" class="gs_in_txt" name="as_ylo" value="" id="gs_asd_ylo" size="4" maxlength="4" autocapitalize="off" pattern="[0-9]*"><div class="gs_in_txts"></div></div>&nbsp;—&nbsp;<div class="gs_in_txtw gs_in_txtm"><input type="text" class="gs_in_txt" name="as_yhi" value="" 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id="gs_lp_lbl">Languages</h3><div class="gs_md_ul"><a class="gs_md_li gs_sel" id="gs_lp_cur" aria-selected="true" role="menuitem" href="javascript:void(0)">English</a><a class="gs_md_li gs_lp_bb" role="menuitem" href="/scholar_setlang?scisig=AFWwaeYAAAAAZ1lzcceFLkRIgOJDeuV_NxMEXDI&amp;as_sdt=0,5&amp;hl=zh-CN">中文 (简体)</a><a class="gs_md_li" role="menuitem" href="/scholar_setlang?scisig=AFWwaeYAAAAAZ1lzcceFLkRIgOJDeuV_NxMEXDI&amp;as_sdt=0,5&amp;hl=ca">Català</a><a class="gs_md_li" role="menuitem" href="/scholar_setlang?scisig=AFWwaeYAAAAAZ1lzcceFLkRIgOJDeuV_NxMEXDI&amp;as_sdt=0,5&amp;hl=cs">Čeština</a><a class="gs_md_li" role="menuitem" href="/scholar_setlang?scisig=AFWwaeYAAAAAZ1lzcceFLkRIgOJDeuV_NxMEXDI&amp;as_sdt=0,5&amp;hl=da">Dansk</a><a class="gs_md_li" role="menuitem" href="/scholar_setlang?scisig=AFWwaeYAAAAAZ1lzcceFLkRIgOJDeuV_NxMEXDI&amp;as_sdt=0,5&amp;hl=de">Deutsch</a><a class="gs_md_li" role="menuitem" 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