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mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Mürekkep rootpage-Mürekkep skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">İçeriğe atla</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ana menü" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ana menü</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ana menü</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Gezinti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anasayfa" title="Anasayfayı ziyaret et [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Anasayfa</span></a></li><li id="n-Hakkımızda" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Hakk%C4%B1nda"><span>Hakkımızda</span></a></li><li id="n-İçindekiler" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:G%C3%B6z_at"><span>İçindekiler</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Rastgele" title="Rastgele bir sayfaya gidin [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Rastgele madde</span></a></li><li id="n-Seçkin-içerik" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Se%C3%A7kin_i%C3%A7erik"><span>Seçkin içerik</span></a></li><li id="n-Yakınımdakiler" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Yak%C4%B1n%C4%B1mdakiler"><span>Yakınımdakiler</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Katılım" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Katılım" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Katılım </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-sandbox" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Deneme_tahtas%C4%B1"><span>Deneme tahtası</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:K%C3%B6y_%C3%A7e%C5%9Fmesi" title="Güncel olaylarla ilgili son bilgiler"><span>Köy çeşmesi</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:SonDe%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fiklikler" title="Vikide yapılmış son değişikliklerin listesi [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Son değişiklikler</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Y%C3%BCkle"><span>Dosya yükle</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Topluluk_portali" title="Proje hakkında, neler yapabilirsiniz, ne nerededir"><span>Topluluk portali</span></a></li><li id="n-shop-text" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//shop.wikimedia.org"><span>Wikimedia dükkânı</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:%C4%B0%C3%A7indekiler" title="Yardım almak için"><span>Yardım</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Anasayfa" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Vikipedi" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-tr.svg" style="width: 6.6875em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Özgür Ansiklopedi" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-tr.svg" width="104" height="13" style="width: 6.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Ara" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Vikipedi içinde ara [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Ara</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Vikipedi üzerinde ara" aria-label="Vikipedi üzerinde ara" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Vikipedi içinde ara [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Özel:Ara"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Ara</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Kişisel araçlar"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Sayfanın yazı tipi boyutunun, genişliğinin ve renginin görünümünü değiştirin" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Görünüm" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Görünüm</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tr.wikipedia.org&uselang=tr" class=""><span>Bağış yapın</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:HesapOlu%C5%9Ftur&returnto=M%C3%BCrekkep" title="Bir hesap oluşturup oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir ancak bu zorunlu değildir" class=""><span>Hesap oluştur</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=M%C3%BCrekkep" title="Oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu değildir [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Oturum aç</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Daha fazla seçenek" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Kişisel araçlar" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Kişisel araçlar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Kullanıcı menüsü" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tr.wikipedia.org&uselang=tr"><span>Bağış yapın</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:HesapOlu%C5%9Ftur&returnto=M%C3%BCrekkep" title="Bir hesap oluşturup oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir ancak bu zorunlu değildir"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Hesap oluştur</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=M%C3%BCrekkep" title="Oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu değildir [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Oturum aç</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Çıkış yapmış editörler için sayfalar <a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:Giri%C5%9F" aria-label="Değişiklik yapma hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin"><span>daha fazla bilgi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Katk%C4%B1lar%C4%B1m" title="Bu IP adresinden yapılmış değişiklikler listesi [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Katkılar</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:MesajSayfam" title="Bu IP adresindeki düzenlemeler hakkında tartışma [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Mesaj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="İçindekiler" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">İçindekiler</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Giriş</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Türleri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Türleri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Türleri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Türleri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yazma_amaçlı_mürekkep" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yazma_amaçlı_mürekkep"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Yazma amaçlı mürekkep</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yazma_amaçlı_mürekkep-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Baskı_amaçlı_mürekkep" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baskı_amaçlı_mürekkep"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Baskı amaçlı mürekkep</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baskı_amaçlı_mürekkep-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaynakça" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaynakça"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kaynakça</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaynakça-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="İçindekiler" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mürekkep</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 93 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-93" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">93 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ink" title="Ink - Afrikaanca" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ink" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="حبر - Arapça" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حبر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%98%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܕܝܘܬܐ - Aramice" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܕܝܘܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinta" title="Tinta - Asturyasça" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Tinta" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturyasça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCr%C9%99kk%C9%99b" title="Mürəkkəb - Azerbaycan dili" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mürəkkəb" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaycan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Чарніла - Belarusça" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Чарніла" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Мастило - Bulgarca" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мастило" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawat" title="Dawat - Banjar Dili" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Dawat" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF" title="কালি - Bengalce" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কালি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinta" title="Tinta - Boşnakça" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Tinta" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Boşnakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinta" title="Tinta - Katalanca" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tinta" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%81%E1%8E%AF_%E1%8E%AA%E1%8F%AA%E1%8E%B6%E1%8F%99%E1%8F%97" title="ᎦᏁᎯ ᎪᏪᎶᏙᏗ - Çerokice" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎦᏁᎯ ᎪᏪᎶᏙᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Çerokice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inkoust" title="Inkoust - Çekçe" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Inkoust" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Çekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inc" title="Inc - Galce" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Inc" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Galce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bl%C3%A6k" title="Blæk - Danca" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Blæk" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="kaliteli madde"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinte" title="Tinte - Almanca" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tinte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B7" title="Μελάνη - Yunanca" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μελάνη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ink" title="Ink - İngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ink" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inko" title="Inko - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Inko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinta" title="Tinta - İspanyolca" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tinta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="İspanyolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tint" title="Tint - Estonca" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tint" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinta" title="Tinta - Baskça" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tinta" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A8" title="مرکب - Farsça" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مرکب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Farsça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muste" title="Muste - Fince" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Muste" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encre" title="Encre - Fransızca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Encre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fransızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blak" title="Blak - Kuzey Frizce" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Blak" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Kuzey Frizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BAch" title="Dúch - İrlandaca" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Dúch" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="İrlandaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinta" title="Tinta - Galiçyaca" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tinta" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galiçyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%99%D7%95" title="דיו - İbranice" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דיו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="İbranice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80" title="स्याही - Hintçe" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="स्याही" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hintçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinta" title="Tinta - Hırvatça" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tinta" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hırvatça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lank_(pou_ekri)" title="Lank (pou ekri) - Haiti Kreyolu" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lank (pou ekri)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haiti Kreyolu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinta" title="Tinta - Macarca" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tinta" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Macarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%84" title="Թանաք - Ermenice" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թանաք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Ermenice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawat" title="Dawat - Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Dawat" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinta" title="Tinta - Endonezce" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tinta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Endonezce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inko" title="Inko - Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Inko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blek" title="Blek - İzlandaca" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Blek" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="İzlandaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inchiostro" title="Inchiostro - İtalyanca" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Inchiostro" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="İtalyanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF" title="インク - Japonca" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="インク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangsi" title="Mangsi - Cava dili" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mangsi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Cava dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="მელანი - Gürcüce" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მელანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gürcüce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ile%C9%A3" title="Ileɣ - Kabiliyece" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ileɣ" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabiliyece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Сия картридж - Kazakça" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сия картридж" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BF" title="ಶಾಯಿ - Kannada dili" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಶಾಯಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%89%ED%81%AC" title="잉크 - Korece" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="잉크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hibir" title="Hibir - Kürtçe" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hibir" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kürtçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atramentum" title="Atramentum - Latince" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Atramentum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inciostro" title="Inciostro - Ligurca" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Inciostro" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C5%A1alas" title="Rašalas - Litvanca" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rašalas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinte" title="Tinte - Letonca" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tinte" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Мастило - Makedonca" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мастило" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%BF" title="മഷി - Malayalam dili" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മഷി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="शाई - Marathi dili" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="शाई" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakwat" title="Dakwat - Malayca" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Dakwat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="မင် - Birman dili" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birman dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnosta" title="Gnosta - Napolice" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Gnosta" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Napolice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80" title="मशी - Nevari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="मशी" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Nevari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inkt" title="Inkt - Felemenkçe" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Inkt" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Felemenkçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blekk" title="Blekk - Norveççe Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Blekk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blekk" title="Blekk - Norveççe Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Blekk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinta" title="Tinta - Oksitan dili" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Tinta" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%80" title="ਸਿਆਹੀ - Pencapça" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਿਆਹੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pencapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrament" title="Atrament - Lehçe" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Atrament" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Lehçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tullpu" title="Tullpu - Keçuva dili" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Tullpu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Keçuva dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerneal%C4%83" title="Cerneală - Rumence" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cerneală" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Чернила - Rusça" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Чернила" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nchiostru" title="Nchiostru - Sicilyaca" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Nchiostru" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3" title="مس - Sindhi dili" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinta" title="Tinta - Sırp-Hırvat Dili" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tinta" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Sırp-Hırvat Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ink" title="Ink - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ink" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingi" title="Ingi - Şona dili" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Ingi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Şona dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boja_e_shkrimit" title="Boja e shkrimit - Arnavutça" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Boja e shkrimit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Arnavutça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Мастило - Sırpça" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мастило" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Sırpça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bl%C3%A4ck" title="Bläck - İsveççe" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bläck" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="İsveççe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinta" title="Tinta - Silezyaca" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Tinta" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silezyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88" title="மை - Tamilce" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE" title="సిరా - Telugu dili" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సిరా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%81_(%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99)" title="หมึก (เครื่องเขียน) - Tayca" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หมึก (เครื่องเขียน)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinta" title="Tinta - Tagalogca" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tinta" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalogca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Чорнило - Ukraynaca" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Чорнило" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraynaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="روشنائی - Urduca" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="روشنائی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urduca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyoh" title="Siyoh - Özbekçe" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Siyoh" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Özbekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingiostro" title="Ingiostro - Venedikçe" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ingiostro" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venedikçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BB%B1c_(in_vi%E1%BA%BFt)" title="Mực (in viết) - Vietnamca" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mực (in viết)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inte" title="Inte - Batı Flamanca" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Inte" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="Batı Flamanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinta" title="Tinta - Varay" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tinta" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Varay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4" title="墨水 - Wu Çincesi" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="墨水" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%98" title="טינט - Yidiş" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="טינט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yidiş" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raemxmaeg" title="Raemxmaeg - Zhuangca" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Raemxmaeg" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuangca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4" title="墨水 - Çince" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="墨水" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Çince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba%CC%8Dk-ch%C3%BAi" title="Ba̍k-chúi - Min Nan Çincesi" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ba̍k-chúi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4" title="墨水 - Kantonca" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="墨水" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q127418#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dillerarası bağlantıları değiştir" class="wbc-editpage">Bağlantıları değiştir</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ad alanları"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Yazdır/dışa aktar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kitap&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=M%C3%BCrekkep"><span>Bir kitap oluştur</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:DownloadAsPdf&page=M%C3%BCrekkep&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF olarak indir</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%BCrekkep&printable=yes" title="Bu sayfanın basılmaya uygun sürümü [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Basılmaya uygun görünüm</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Diğer projelerde </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ink" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q127418" title="Veri havuzundaki ilgili ögeye bağlantı [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Vikiveri ögesi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Görünüm</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">gizle</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipedi, özgür ansiklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:F%C3%BCller-tinte_hg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/F%C3%BCller-tinte_hg.jpg/220px-F%C3%BCller-tinte_hg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/F%C3%BCller-tinte_hg.jpg/330px-F%C3%BCller-tinte_hg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/F%C3%BCller-tinte_hg.jpg/440px-F%C3%BCller-tinte_hg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2552" data-file-height="1802" /></a><figcaption>Çeşitli mürekkepler, Almanya</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Ink-jet_printer_inside-cartridges.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Ink-jet_printer_inside-cartridges.jpg/220px-Ink-jet_printer_inside-cartridges.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Ink-jet_printer_inside-cartridges.jpg/330px-Ink-jet_printer_inside-cartridges.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Ink-jet_printer_inside-cartridges.jpg/440px-Ink-jet_printer_inside-cartridges.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1264" data-file-height="1120" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yaz%C4%B1c%C4%B1_m%C3%BCrekkebi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yazıcı mürekkebi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Yazıcı mürekkebi</a></figcaption></figure> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Başlığın diğer anlamları için <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCrekkep_(anlam_ayr%C4%B1m%C4%B1)" class="mw-disambig" title="Mürekkep (anlam ayrımı)">Mürekkep (anlam ayrımı)</a> sayfasına bakınız.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Tintenfass.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tintenfass.jpg/200px-Tintenfass.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tintenfass.jpg/300px-Tintenfass.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tintenfass.jpg/400px-Tintenfass.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption>Şişe içinde bir miktar mürekkep</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Mürekkep</b> çeşitli renklendirici ya da boyalar kullanılarak üretilmiş <a href="/wiki/S%C4%B1v%C4%B1" title="Sıvı">akışkan</a> bir maddedir. <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCrekkep_f%C4%B1r%C3%A7as%C4%B1" title="Mürekkep fırçası">Fırça</a> ya da <a href="/wiki/Kalem" class="mw-disambig" title="Kalem">kalem</a> yardımıyla bir yüzeyi boyamak ya da <a href="/wiki/Yaz%C4%B1" title="Yazı">yazı</a> yazmak için kullanılır. Genellikle <a href="/wiki/Demir" title="Demir">demir</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BClfat" title="Sülfat">sülfat</a> ve az miktarda <a href="/wiki/Asit" title="Asit">asit</a> karışımından oluşan açık mavi veya siyah bir çözelti olan mürekkep, bu haliyle soluk göründüğünden içine toz halinde <a href="/wiki/Anilin" title="Anilin">anilin</a> esaslı boya katılmaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-akt_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-akt-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mürekkeplerin ilk örnekleri günümüzden 4.500 yıl öncesinde <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in" title="Çin">Çin</a>'de icat edildiği sanılan siyah renkli yazı mürekkepleridir. Bu mürekkepler için çeşitli maddeler ile birlikte yakılmasıyla elde edilirdi. İlk mürekkep fabrikasını 1818 yılında Fransız matbaacısı Pierre Lorilleux kurdu.<sup id="cite_ref-akt_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-akt-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Türleri"><span id="T.C3.BCrleri"></span>Türleri</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%BCrekkep&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Türleri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%BCrekkep&action=edit&section=1" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Türleri"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Tintenstrich-detail_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Tintenstrich-detail_2.jpg/220px-Tintenstrich-detail_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Tintenstrich-detail_2.jpg/330px-Tintenstrich-detail_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Tintenstrich-detail_2.jpg/440px-Tintenstrich-detail_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2032" data-file-height="1524" /></a><figcaption>Dolma kalem ile çizilmiş büyütülmüş çizgi.</figcaption></figure> <p>Mürekkebin formülü farklılık gösterse de genellikle dört bileşen içermektedir: </p> <ul><li>Renklendiriciler</li> <li>Katkı maddeleri</li> <li>Araçları (bağlayıcılar)</li> <li>Taşıyıcı maddeler</li></ul> <p>Mürekkep genellikle dört sınıfa ayrılır:<sup id="cite_ref-kipphan130-144_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kipphan130-144-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Sulu</li> <li>Likitli</li> <li>Tutkallı</li> <li>Tozlu</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yazma_amaçlı_mürekkep"><span id="Yazma_ama.C3.A7l.C4.B1_m.C3.BCrekkep"></span>Yazma amaçlı mürekkep</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%BCrekkep&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Yazma amaçlı mürekkep" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%BCrekkep&action=edit&section=2" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Yazma amaçlı mürekkep"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mürekkepler içlerine <a href="/wiki/Boya" title="Boya">boya</a> maddesi katılıp katılmamasına göre birbirinden ayrılır. Dolmakalemlerde kullanılan mürekkebin içine boya karıştırılmaz çünkü boya dolmakalemin ucunu tıkayabilir. Yazı mürekkeplerinin büyük çoğunluğu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Me%C5%9Fe_maz%C4%B1s%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meşe mazısı (sayfa mevcut değil)">meşe mazısından</a> elde edilen <a href="/wiki/Asit" title="Asit">asitler</a> ile içinde demir bulunan kimyasal maddelerin karıştırılması ile elde edilir. Siyah görünümde olan bu mürekkebin rengi,başka kimyasallarla açılabilir. </p><p>Kâğıt üzerine geçirilmiş mürekkep, zaman geçtikçe her koşulda koyulaşır. Bu mürekkep ile yazılmış belgelerin yaşını saptamada araştırmacıların sıkça başvurduğu bir yöntemidir. </p><p>İçlerinde boya maddesi bulunan mürekkepler ise "tükenmez kalem" olarak anılan kalemlerde kullanılır. İçlerine su da katılmayan bu tip mürekkepler, dolmakalemlerdekilerin aksine oldukça koyulardır. Keçeli kalemlerde kullanılan boya-katkılı mürekkeplerde ise kurumayı önlemek için <a href="/wiki/Alkol" title="Alkol">alkol</a> kullanılır.Bazılarında ise yaklasık %5 kadar cıva vardır.Mürekkep heterojen bir maddedir. <a href="/wiki/Gizli_m%C3%BCrekkep" title="Gizli mürekkep">Gizli mürekkep</a> olarak adlandırılan mürekkep çeşitleri özel ve gizli iletiler için kullanılır. Normal koşullarda görünmez olan bu mürekkepler ile yazılan yazılar, ancak ortam elverişli hâle getirildiği takdirde görünür hâle geçer. Yazılı olduğu kâğıdın uygun biçimde ısıtılması ile bu mürekkepler maviye dönebilir. Görünmez mürekkep olarak kullanılabilecek alternatif malzemeler, <a href="/wiki/Limon" title="Limon">limon</a> suyu, <a href="/wiki/So%C4%9Fan" title="Soğan">soğan</a> suyu ve <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCt" title="Süt">süttür</a>. Bu maddeler ile yazılan yazılar ısıtıldığında üzerindeki yazılar kahverengiye döner. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Baskı_amaçlı_mürekkep"><span id="Bask.C4.B1_ama.C3.A7l.C4.B1_m.C3.BCrekkep"></span>Baskı amaçlı mürekkep</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%BCrekkep&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Baskı amaçlı mürekkep" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%BCrekkep&action=edit&section=3" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Baskı amaçlı mürekkep"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Günümüzde en çok kullanılan mürekkep türü baskı mürekkebi ya da matbaa mürekkebidir. Kitap, gazeteler, dergiler, paketler, kutular, paralar, pullar, afiş ve broşürler üzerinde bulunan yazı ve resimlerin hemen hepsi bu mürekkepler ile hazırlanmıştır. </p><p>Bu tür baskı işlemlerinde, mürekkebin kuruma hızı çok önemlidir. Basım makinelerinde kullanılan mürekkep kâğıt üzerine geçtikten sonra havadaki <a href="/wiki/Oksijen" title="Oksijen">oksijeni</a> soğurarak kurur. Kuruma işlemini daha çabuklaştırmak için mürekkebin içine <a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">kobalt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kur%C5%9Fun" title="Kurşun">kurşun</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Manganez" title="Manganez">manganez</a> bileşikleri atılabilir. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kaynakça"><span id="Kaynak.C3.A7a"></span>Kaynakça</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%BCrekkep&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kaynakça" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%BCrekkep&action=edit&section=4" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kaynakça"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32805677">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-count:2}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-akt-1"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-akt_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-akt_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Tüzüner, Perihan Özcan (6-12 Nisan 2006). "Elektroniği de var". <i><a href="/wiki/Yeni_Akt%C3%BCel" title="Yeni Aktüel">Yeni Aktüel</a></i>. Cilt 39. ss. sayfa 7.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Elektroni%C4%9Fi+de+var&rft.pages=sayfa+7&rft.date=2006-04-06%2F2006-04-12&rft.aulast=T%C3%BCz%C3%BCner&rft.aufirst=Perihan+%C3%96zcan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AM%C3%BCrekkep" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kipphan130-144-2"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-kipphan130-144_2-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKipphan2001" class="kaynak">Kipphan, Helmut (2001), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=VrdqBRgSKasC"><i>Handbook of print media: technologies and production methods</i></a> (Illustrated bas.), Springer, ss. 130-144, <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/3540673261" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/3540673261">3540673261</a>, 13 Şubat 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210213025555/https://books.google.com/books?id=VrdqBRgSKasC&hl=en">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, erişim tarihi: 7 Şubat 2011</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+print+media%3A+technologies+and+production+methods&rft.pages=130-144&rft.edition=Illustrated&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=3540673261&rft.aulast=Kipphan&rft.aufirst=Helmut&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DVrdqBRgSKasC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AM%C3%BCrekkep" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Yazı" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" 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href="/w/index.php?title=Tekstil_bask%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tekstil baskı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Tekstil baskı</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geoglif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geoglif (sayfa mevcut değil)">Geoglif</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mürekkep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_(foto%C4%9Fraf%C3%A7%C4%B1l%C4%B1k)" title="Film (fotoğrafçılık)">Fotoğrafik film</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Doğal olarak geçici malzeme</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6sterge_(elektronik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gösterge (elektronik)">Elektronik görsel ekran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elektronik_k%C3%A2%C4%9F%C4%B1t" title="Elektronik kâğıt">Elektronik kâğıt</a></li> <li>Gökyüzü 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