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							cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button" aria-label="Close" onclick="document.getElementById("mw-fr-revision-details").style.display = "none";" type="submit"><span class="cdx-icon cdx-icon--medium
							cdx-fr-css-icon--close"></span></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">latest accepted revision</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=review&page=Special:Badtitle/Message">reviewed</a> on <i>1 November 2024</i>.</div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Group of cardinal advisers</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/College_of_Cardinals" title="College of Cardinals">College of Cardinals</a>.</div> <p>The <b>Council of Cardinals</b> (also called <b>C9</b> because it contained nine <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">cardinal</a> members for a time), also known as the <b>Council of Cardinal Advisers</b>, is a group of cardinals of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> appointed by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> to serve as his advisers. The council was formally established on 28 September 2013. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Abbreviations">Abbreviations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Council_of_Cardinals&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Abbreviations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Council of Cardinals has been named under abbreviations referring to the number of cardinals advisers which, over time, it has comprised:<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> C8 (eight cardinals),<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> C9 (nine cardinals), C6 (six cardinals), and C7 (seven cardinals).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Council_of_Cardinals&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The appointment of a group of eight advisers and one secretary to support the pope and the reform of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> was announced on 13 April 2013, one month after his election.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same group was formally established as the Council of Cardinals on 28 September of the same year by a <a href="/wiki/Chirograph" title="Chirograph">chirograph</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:8_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_State_(Holy_See)" title="Secretariat of State (Holy See)">Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parolin" title="Pietro Parolin">Pietro Parolin</a> was added as a member of the council in July 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Holy See used the expression "Council of the nine" (<i>Consiglio dei nove</i> in Italian) in September 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2018, <a href="/wiki/Marco_Mellino" title="Marco Mellino">Marco Mellino</a> was named as adjunct secretary<sup id="cite_ref-alba_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alba-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oct27_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oct27-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to the council's secretary <a href="/wiki/Marcello_Semeraro" title="Marcello Semeraro">Marcello Semeraro</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pope Francis later removed three of the council's nine members in late 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Francis appointed another cardinal as a member in 2020, and also replaced secretary Marcello Semeraro with Marco Mellino.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2023, three cardinal advisers were removed, and five new cardinal advisers were appointed; the three other cardinals and the secretary were re-appointed. This made the current total of nine cardinal advisers and one secretary.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2023members_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023members-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-newcouncil_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newcouncil-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 24 April 2023, the new Council of Cardinals held their first meeting, over which Pope Francis presided.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2024, the role of women was discussed.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jo_Bailey_Wells" title="Jo Bailey Wells">Jo Bailey Wells</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salesian_Sisters_of_Don_Bosco" title="Salesian Sisters of Don Bosco">Salesian Sister</a> Linda Pocher and <a href="/wiki/Consecrated_virgin" title="Consecrated virgin">consecrated virgin</a> Goiliva Di Berardino addressed the Council "on the role of women in the Church.”<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 17 June, the third meeting of the Council since April 2024 began, presided over by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a>. The April 2024 meeting centred on <a href="/wiki/Praedicate_evangelium" title="Praedicate evangelium">Praedicate evangelium</a>'s implementation in diocesan <a href="/wiki/Curia" title="Curia">Curias</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Purpose">Purpose</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Council_of_Cardinals&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Purpose"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 13 April 2013, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> stated the cardinals had been appointed "to advise [the Pope] in the government of the universal Church and to study a plan for revising the <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostolic Constitution">Apostolic Constitution</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a>, '<a href="/wiki/Pastor_Bonus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pastor Bonus">Pastor Bonus</a><span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>".<sup id="cite_ref-:7_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a <a href="/wiki/Chirograph" title="Chirograph">chirograph</a> dated 28 September 2013, Pope Francis stated the Council had the goal "of assisting me in the governance of the universal Church and of studying a project for the revision of the Apostolic Constitution <i>Pastor Bonus</i> on the Roman Curia", and that "said Council will be a further expression of <a href="/wiki/Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Bishops in the Catholic Church">episcopal</a> communion and assistance to the <i><a href="/wiki/Munus_petrinum" class="mw-redirect" title="Munus petrinum">munus petrinum</a></i> which the Episcopate across the world is able to offer".<sup id="cite_ref-:8_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Council of Cardinals was thus created primarily to assist <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> in the reform of the Roman Curia. Said reform was <a href="/wiki/Promulgation_(Catholic_canon_law)" title="Promulgation (Catholic canon law)">promulgated</a> in 2022 through the apostolic constitution <i><a href="/wiki/Praedicate_evangelium" title="Praedicate evangelium">Praedicate evangelium</a></i>. The Council continues to exist and to perform various activities, despite having achieved its main goal.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Due to the advisory role of the body, some publications have likened it to a <a href="/wiki/Privy_council" title="Privy council">privy council</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Stay_on_topic" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles"><span title="The material near this tag may contain information that is not relevant to the article's main topic. (March 2023)">relevant?</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leadership_and_membership">Leadership and membership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Council_of_Cardinals&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Leadership and membership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The council currently comprises nine cardinals, assisted by Bishop <a href="/wiki/Marco_Mellino" title="Marco Mellino">Marco Mellino</a> as its secretary:<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2023members_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023members-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-newcouncil_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newcouncil-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parolin" title="Pietro Parolin">Pietro Parolin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Secretary_of_State" title="Cardinal Secretary of State">Cardinal Secretary of State</a> (since 2014)<sup id="cite_ref-:6_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fernando_V%C3%A9rgez_Alzaga" title="Fernando Vérgez Alzaga">Fernando Vérgez Alzaga</a> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Legion of Christ">LC</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Governorate_of_the_Vatican_City_State" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Governorate of the Vatican City State">President of the Governorate of the Vatican City State</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Vatican_City_State" title="Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State">President of the Pontifical Commission for the Vatican City State</a> (since 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo"><img alt="Democratic Republic of the Congo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/31px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fridolin_Ambongo_Besungu" title="Fridolin Ambongo Besungu">Fridolin Ambongo Besungu</a> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Friars_Minor_Capuchin" title="Order of Friars Minor Capuchin">OFMCap</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Kinshasa" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kinshasa">Archbishop of Kinshasa</a> (since 2020)<sup id="cite_ref-:9_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Gracias" title="Oswald Gracias">Oswald Gracias</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Bombay" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bombay">Archbishop of Bombay</a> (since 2013)<sup id="cite_ref-:7_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Patrick_O%27Malley" title="Seán Patrick O'Malley">Seán Patrick O'Malley</a> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Friars_Minor_Capuchin" title="Order of Friars Minor Capuchin">OFMCap</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Boston" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston">Archbishop of Boston</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Protection_of_Minors" title="Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors">President of the Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors</a> (since 2013)<sup id="cite_ref-:5_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Juan_Jos%C3%A9_Omella" title="Juan José Omella">Juan José Omella</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Barcelona" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Barcelona">Archbishop of Barcelona</a> (since 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rald_Lacroix" title="Gérald Lacroix">Gérald Lacroix</a> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Secular_Institute_Pius_X" title="Secular Institute Pius X">ISPX</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Quebec" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Quebec">Archbishop of Quebec</a> (since 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Hollerich" title="Jean-Claude Hollerich">Jean-Claude Hollerich</a> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Jesus">SJ</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Luxembourg" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Luxembourg">Archbishop of Luxembourg</a> (since 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil"><img alt="Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9rgio_da_Rocha" title="Sérgio da Rocha">Sérgio da Rocha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_S%C3%A3o_Salvador_da_Bahia" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of São Salvador da Bahia">Archbishop of São Salvador da Bahia</a> (since 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_25-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <p>At the time of its formation, the council had eight members. Cardinal Parolin was not among the council's original membership, but attended the meetings regularly and, in July 2014, was confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See_Press_Office" title="Holy See Press Office">Holy See Press Office</a> as a ninth member of the council.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Former_members">Former members</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Council_of_Cardinals&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Former members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2013<sup id="cite_ref-:7_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–2018:<sup id="cite_ref-:10_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Javier_Err%C3%A1zuriz_Ossa" title="Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa">Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa</a></li> <li>2013<sup id="cite_ref-:7_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–2018:<sup id="cite_ref-:10_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Laurent_Monsengwo_Pasinya" title="Laurent Monsengwo Pasinya">Laurent Monsengwo Pasinya</a></li> <li>2013<sup id="cite_ref-:7_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–2018:<sup id="cite_ref-:10_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/George_Pell" title="George Pell">George Pell</a></li> <li>2013<sup id="cite_ref-:7_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–2023:<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_25-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Marx" title="Reinhard Marx">Reinhard Marx</a></li> <li>2013<sup id="cite_ref-:7_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–2023:<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_25-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Andr%C3%A9s_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Maradiaga" class="mw-redirect" title="Óscar Andrés Rodríguez Maradiaga">Óscar Andrés Rodríguez Maradiaga</a> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Salesians_of_Don_Bosco" title="Salesians of Don Bosco">SDB</a></span> (former coordinator)<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2013<sup id="cite_ref-:7_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_4-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–2023:<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_25-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Bertello" title="Giuseppe Bertello">Giuseppe Bertello</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Former_secretaries">Former secretaries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Council_of_Cardinals&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Former secretaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2013<sup id="cite_ref-:7_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_4-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–2020:<sup id="cite_ref-:9_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Marcello_Semeraro" title="Marcello Semeraro">Marcello Semeraro</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_adjunct_secretaries">Former adjunct secretaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Council_of_Cardinals&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Former adjunct secretaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2018<sup id="cite_ref-oct27_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oct27-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-alba_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alba-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–2020:<sup id="cite_ref-:9_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Marco_Mellino" title="Marco Mellino">Marco Mellino</a> (became secretary)<sup id="cite_ref-:1_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:9_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Council_of_Cardinals&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCondon2022" class="citation web cs1">Condon, Ed. (7 December 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pillarcatholic.com/what-is-the-council-of-cardinals-for-anymore/">"What is the Council of Cardinals for, anymore?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Pillar" title="The Pillar">The Pillar</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Pillar&rft.atitle=What+is+the+Council+of+Cardinals+for%2C+anymore%3F&rft.date=2022-12-07&rft.aulast=Condon&rft.aufirst=Ed.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pillarcatholic.com%2Fwhat-is-the-council-of-cardinals-for-anymore%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACouncil+of+Cardinals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCondon" class="citation web cs1">Condon, Ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/39076/can-pope-francis-council-of-cardinals-still-deliver-on-reform">"Can Pope Francis' Council of Cardinals still deliver on reform?"</a>. <i>Catholic News Agency</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Catholic+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Can+Pope+Francis%27+Council+of+Cardinals+still+deliver+on+reform%3F&rft.aulast=Condon&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F39076%2Fcan-pope-francis-council-of-cardinals-still-deliver-on-reform&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACouncil+of+Cardinals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:7_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2013/04/13/0223/00502.html">"COMUNICATO DELLA SEGRETERIA DI STATO, 13.04.2013"</a>. <i>press.vatican.va</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Female+Anglican+Bishop+Addresses+Pope+Francis%E2%80%99+Council+of+Cardinals&rft.date=2024-02-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncregister.com%2Fblog%2Fwells-council-of-cardinals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACouncil+of+Cardinals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncregister.com/blog/wells-council-of-cardinals">"Female Anglican Bishop Addresses Pope Francis' Council of Cardinals"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Catholic_Register" title="National Catholic Register">National Catholic Register</a>. 5 February 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Female+Anglican+Bishop+Addresses+Pope+Francis%E2%80%99+Council+of+Cardinals&rft.date=2024-02-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncregister.com%2Fblog%2Fwells-council-of-cardinals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACouncil+of+Cardinals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAgnew2013" class="citation news cs1">Agnew, Paddy (15 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/pope-francis-appoints-new-privy-council-1.1360102">"Pope Francis appoints new 'privy council'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Irish Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=international.la-croix.com&rft.atitle=Cardinal+Monsengwo%2C+original+member+of+pope%27s+privy+council%2C+dies&rft.date=2021-07-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finternational.la-croix.com%2Fnews%2Freligion%2Fcardinal-monsengwo-original-member-of-popes-privy-council-dies%2F14630&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACouncil+of+Cardinals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_25-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_25-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_25-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_25-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_25-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMares2023" class="citation web cs1">Mares, Courtney (7 March 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/253805/pope-francis-appoints-hollerich-and-four-other-new-cardinals-his-closest-cardinals">"Pope Francis adds Hollerich and four other cardinals to his council of advisers"</a>. <i>Catholic News Agency</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Catholic+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Pope+Francis+adds+Hollerich+and+four+other+cardinals+to+his+council+of+advisers&rft.date=2023-03-07&rft.aulast=Mares&rft.aufirst=Courtney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F253805%2Fpope-francis-appoints-hollerich-and-four-other-new-cardinals-his-closest-cardinals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACouncil+of+Cardinals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vaticannews.va/en/vatican-city/news/2020-10/council-cardinals-pope-appointment-cardinal-besungu-drc.html">"DRC's Cardinal Besungu appointed to Council of Cardinals"</a>. <i>Vatican News</i>. 15 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vatican+News&rft.atitle=DRC%27s+Cardinal+Besungu+appointed+to+Council+of+Cardinals&rft.date=2020-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vaticannews.va%2Fen%2Fvatican-city%2Fnews%2F2020-10%2Fcouncil-cardinals-pope-appointment-cardinal-besungu-drc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACouncil+of+Cardinals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lastampa.it/2014/07/02/vaticaninsider/eng/the-vatican/pope-and-c-express-esteem-for-von-freyberg-and-changes-are-on-the-horizon-for-the-ior-F5x47KBXXJYRwKZBI11drK/pagina.html">"Pope and "C9" express esteem for Von Freyberg and changes are on the horizon for the IOR"</a>. <i>La Stampa</i>. 2 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Stampa&rft.atitle=Pope+and+%22C9%22+express+esteem+for+Von+Freyberg+and+changes+are+on+the+horizon+for+the+IOR&rft.date=2014-07-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lastampa.it%2F2014%2F07%2F02%2Fvaticaninsider%2Feng%2Fthe-vatican%2Fpope-and-c-express-esteem-for-von-freyberg-and-changes-are-on-the-horizon-for-the-ior-F5x47KBXXJYRwKZBI11drK%2Fpagina.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACouncil+of+Cardinals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lastampa.it/2013/06/25/vaticaninsider/eng/the-vatican/popes-eight-cardinal-advisors-say-the-curia-is-not-the-only-thing-theyll-be-reforming-9Xe0icZnW7tmmbZ2dhp9MP/pagina.html">"Pope's eight cardinal advisors say the Curia is not the only thing they'll be reforming"</a>. <i>Vatican Insider</i>. 25 June 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vatican+Insider&rft.atitle=Pope%27s+eight+cardinal+advisors+say+the+Curia+is+not+the+only+thing+they%27ll+be+reforming&rft.date=2013-06-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lastampa.it%2F2013%2F06%2F25%2Fvaticaninsider%2Feng%2Fthe-vatican%2Fpopes-eight-cardinal-advisors-say-the-curia-is-not-the-only-thing-theyll-be-reforming-9Xe0icZnW7tmmbZ2dhp9MP%2Fpagina.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACouncil+of+Cardinals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Council_of_Cardinals&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPentin2023" class="citation web cs1">Pentin, Edward (7 March 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncregister.com/blog/who-are-the-new-cardinal-members-of-the-c9">"Who Are the New Cardinal Members of Pope Francis' Advisory Council?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Catholic_Register" title="National Catholic Register">National Catholic Register</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Catholic+Register&rft.atitle=Who+Are+the+New+Cardinal+Members+of+Pope+Francis%27+Advisory+Council%3F&rft.date=2023-03-07&rft.aulast=Pentin&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncregister.com%2Fblog%2Fwho-are-the-new-cardinal-members-of-the-c9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACouncil+of+Cardinals" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Council_of_Cardinals&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2013/04/13/0223/00502.html">Communiqué on the first nomination of the cardinal advisers</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/letters/2013/documents/papa-francesco_20130928_chirografo-consiglio-cardinali.html">Chirograph establishing the Council of Cardinals</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:College_of_Cardinals" title="Template:College of Cardinals"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:College_of_Cardinals" title="Template talk:College of Cardinals"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:College_of_Cardinals" title="Special:EditPage/Template:College of Cardinals"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="College_of_Cardinals" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/College_of_Cardinals" title="College of Cardinals">College of Cardinals</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color: gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_cardinals" title="List of current cardinals">List of current cardinals</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinals</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> under <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> in <a href="/wiki/Order_of_precedence_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Order of precedence in the Catholic Church">order of precedence</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_bishop" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal bishop">Cardinal bishops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Re" title="Giovanni Battista Re">Re</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_Sandri" title="Leonardo Sandri">Sandri</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Francis_Arinze" title="Francis Arinze">Arinze</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone">Bertone</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Saraiva_Martins" title="José Saraiva Martins">Saraiva Martins</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parolin" title="Pietro Parolin">Parolin</a> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Marc_Ouellet" title="Marc Ouellet">Ouellet</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Filoni" title="Fernando Filoni">Filoni</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Beniamino_Stella" title="Beniamino Stella">Stella</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luis_Antonio_Tagle" title="Luis Antonio Tagle">Tagle</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Bechara_Boutros_al-Rahi" title="Bechara Boutros al-Rahi">Raï</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Rapha%C3%ABl_I_Sako" title="Louis Raphaël I Sako">Sako</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_priest" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal priest">Cardinal priests</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Michael_Michai_Kitbunchu" title="Michael Michai Kitbunchu">Kitbunchu</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Paul_Poupard" title="Paul Poupard">Poupard</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wetter" title="Friedrich Wetter">Wetter</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_de_Jes%C3%BAs_L%C3%B3pez_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Nicolás de Jesús López Rodríguez">López Rodríguez</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Roger_Mahony" title="Roger Mahony">Mahony</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Camillo_Ruini" title="Camillo Ruini">Ruini</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Julius_Darmaatmadja" title="Julius Darmaatmadja">Darmaatmadja</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Wamala" title="Emmanuel Wamala">Wamala</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Adam_Maida" title="Adam Maida">Maida</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vinko_Pulji%C4%87" title="Vinko Puljić">Puljić</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Juan_Sandoval_%C3%8D%C3%B1iguez" title="Juan Sandoval Íñiguez">Sandoval Íñiguez</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/James_Stafford" title="James Stafford">Stafford</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Salvatore_De_Giorgi" title="Salvatore De Giorgi">De Giorgi</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Mar%C3%ADa_Rouco_Varela" title="Antonio María Rouco Varela">Rouco Varela</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Polycarp_Pengo" title="Polycarp Pengo">Pengo</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Sch%C3%B6nborn" title="Christoph Schönborn">Schönborn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Norberto_Rivera_Carrera" title="Norberto Rivera Carrera">Rivera Carrera</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/J%C4%81nis_Pujats" title="Jānis Pujats">Pujats</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Crescenzio_Sepe" title="Crescenzio Sepe">Sepe</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Walter_Kasper" title="Walter Kasper">Kasper</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Audrys_Ba%C4%8Dkis" title="Audrys Bačkis">Bačkis</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Javier_Err%C3%A1zuriz_Ossa" title="Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa">Errázuriz Ossa</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Wilfrid_Napier" title="Wilfrid Napier">Napier</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Maradiaga" title="Óscar Rodríguez Maradiaga">Rodríguez Maradiaga</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Juan_Luis_Cipriani_Thorne" title="Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne">Cipriani Thorne</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Juli%C3%A1n_Herranz_Casado" title="Julián Herranz Casado">Herranz Casado</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Scola" title="Angelo Scola">Scola</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Olubunmi_Okogie" title="Anthony Olubunmi Okogie">Okogie</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Zubeir_Wako" title="Gabriel Zubeir Wako">Zubeir Wako</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Justin_Rigali" title="Justin Rigali">Rigali</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ennio_Antonelli" title="Ennio Antonelli">Antonelli</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Turkson" title="Peter Turkson">Turkson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Josip_Bozani%C4%87" title="Josip Bozanić">Bozanić</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%A1m_Minh_M%E1%BA%ABn" title="Phạm Minh Mẫn">Mẫn</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Barbarin" title="Philippe Barbarin">Barbarin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9ter_Erd%C5%91" title="Péter Erdő">Erdő</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Franc_Rode" title="Franc Rode">Rodé</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Agostino_Vallini" title="Agostino Vallini">Vallini</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Gaudencio_Rosales" title="Gaudencio Rosales">Rosales</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Ricard" title="Jean-Pierre Ricard">Ricard</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Ca%C3%B1izares_Llovera" title="Antonio Cañizares Llovera">Cañizares Llovera</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Patrick_O%27Malley" title="Seán Patrick O'Malley">O'Malley</a></i> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Dziwisz" title="Stanisław Dziwisz">Dziwisz</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Zen" title="Joseph Zen">Zen</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Lajolo" title="Giovanni Lajolo">Lajolo</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Comastri" title="Angelo Comastri">Comastri</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Ry%C5%82ko" title="Stanisław Ryłko">Ryłko</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Raffaele_Farina" title="Raffaele Farina">Farina</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Brady_(cardinal)" title="Seán Brady (cardinal)">Brady</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Llu%C3%ADs_Mart%C3%ADnez_i_Sistach" title="Lluís Martínez i Sistach">Martínez Sistach</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Vingt-Trois" title="André Vingt-Trois">Vingt-Trois</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Bagnasco" title="Angelo Bagnasco">Bagnasco</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore-Adrien_Sarr" title="Théodore-Adrien Sarr">Sarr</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Gracias" title="Oswald Gracias">Gracias</a> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Robles_Ortega" title="Francisco Robles Ortega">Robles Ortega</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_DiNardo" title="Daniel DiNardo">DiNardo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Odilo_Scherer" title="Odilo Scherer">Scherer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Njue" title="John Njue">Njue</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Estanislao_Esteban_Karlic" title="Estanislao Esteban Karlic">Karlic</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Amato" title="Angelo Amato">Amato</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Sarah" title="Robert Sarah">Sarah</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Monterisi" title="Francesco Monterisi">Monterisi</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Leo_Burke" title="Raymond Leo Burke">Burke</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Koch" title="Kurt Koch">Koch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Mauro_Piacenza" title="Mauro Piacenza">Piacenza</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Gianfranco_Ravasi" title="Gianfranco Ravasi">Ravasi</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Romeo" title="Paolo Romeo">Romeo</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Donald_Wuerl" title="Donald Wuerl">Wuerl</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Raymundo_Damasceno_Assis" title="Raymundo Damasceno Assis">Assis</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kazimierz_Nycz" title="Kazimierz Nycz">Nycz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Ranjith" title="Malcolm Ranjith">Patabendige Don</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Marx" title="Reinhard Marx">Marx</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Walter_Brandm%C3%BCller" title="Walter Brandmüller">Brandmüller</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Monteiro_de_Castro" title="Manuel Monteiro de Castro">Monteiro de Castro</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Santos_Abril_y_Castell%C3%B3" title="Santos Abril y Castelló">Abril y Castelló</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Maria_Vegli%C3%B2" title="Antonio Maria Vegliò">Vegliò</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Bertello" title="Giuseppe Bertello">Bertello</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Coccopalmerio" title="Francesco Coccopalmerio">Coccopalmerio</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Braz_de_Aviz" title="João Braz de Aviz">Aviz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Frederick_O%27Brien" title="Edwin Frederick O'Brien">O'Brien</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Domenico_Calcagno" title="Domenico Calcagno">Calcagno</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Versaldi" title="Giuseppe Versaldi">Versaldi</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Alencherry" title="George Alencherry">Alencherry</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Collins_(cardinal)" title="Thomas Collins (cardinal)">Collins</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Dominik_Duka" title="Dominik Duka">Duka</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wim_Eijk" title="Wim Eijk">Eijk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Betori" title="Giuseppe Betori">Betori</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timothy_M._Dolan" title="Timothy M. Dolan">Dolan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Woelki" title="Rainer Woelki">Woelki</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/John_Tong_Hon" title="John Tong Hon">Tong</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Lucian_Mure%C8%99an" title="Lucian Mureșan">Mureșan</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Michael_Harvey" title="James Michael Harvey">Harvey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Baselios_Cleemis" title="Baselios Cleemis">Thottunkal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/John_Onaiyekan" title="John Onaiyekan">Onaiyekan</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Salazar_G%C3%B3mez" title="Rubén Salazar Gómez">Salazar Gómez</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Baldisseri" title="Lorenzo Baldisseri">Baldisseri</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Ludwig_M%C3%BCller" title="Gerhard Ludwig Müller">Müller</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Nichols" title="Vincent Nichols">Nichols</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leopoldo_Brenes" title="Leopoldo Brenes">Brenes Solórzano</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rald_Lacroix" title="Gérald Lacroix">Lacroix</a> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Kutwa" title="Jean-Pierre Kutwa">Kutwa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Orani_Jo%C3%A3o_Tempesta" title="Orani João Tempesta">Tempesta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Gualtiero_Bassetti" title="Gualtiero Bassetti">Bassetti</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mario_Aurelio_Poli" title="Mario Aurelio Poli">Poli</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Yeom_Soo-jung" title="Andrew Yeom Soo-jung">Yeom</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Ezzati" title="Ricardo Ezzati">Ezzati Andrello</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Ou%C3%A9draogo_(cardinal)" title="Philippe Ouédraogo (cardinal)">Ouédraogo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Quevedo" title="Orlando Quevedo">Quevedo</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chibly_Langlois" title="Chibly Langlois">Langlois</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Clemente" title="Manuel Clemente">Clemente</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Berhaneyesus_Demerew_Souraphiel" title="Berhaneyesus Demerew Souraphiel">Souraphiel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Dew_(cardinal)" title="John Dew (cardinal)">Dew</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Edoardo_Menichelli" title="Edoardo Menichelli">Menichelli</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Nguy%E1%BB%85n_V%C4%83n_Nh%C6%A1n" title="Pierre Nguyễn Văn Nhơn">Nhơn</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Su%C3%A1rez_Inda" title="Alberto Suárez Inda">Suárez Inda</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Maung_Bo" title="Charles Maung Bo">Bo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kriengsak_Kovitvanit" title="Kriengsak Kovitvanit">Kovithavanij</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Montenegro" title="Francesco Montenegro">Montenegro</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Sturla" title="Daniel Sturla">Sturla Berhouet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Bl%C3%A1zquez" title="Ricardo Blázquez">Blázquez Pérez</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Lacunza_Maestroju%C3%A1n" title="José Luis Lacunza Maestrojuán">Lacunza Maestrojuán</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arlindo_Gomes_Furtado" title="Arlindo Gomes Furtado">Gomes Furtado</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Soane_Patita_Paini_Mafi" title="Soane Patita Paini Mafi">Mafi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Luis_H%C3%A9ctor_Villalba" title="Luis Héctor Villalba">Villalba</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BAlio_Duarte_Langa" title="Júlio Duarte Langa">Langa</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dieudonn%C3%A9_Nzapalainga" title="Dieudonné Nzapalainga">Nzapalainga</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Osoro_Sierra" title="Carlos Osoro Sierra">Osoro Sierra</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9rgio_da_Rocha" title="Sérgio da Rocha">Rocha</a> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Blase_J._Cupich" title="Blase J. Cupich">Cupich</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Patrick_D%27Rozario" title="Patrick D'Rozario">D'Rozario</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Baltazar_Enrique_Porras_Cardozo" title="Baltazar Enrique Porras Cardozo">Porras Cardozo</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jozef_De_Kesel" title="Jozef De Kesel">De Kesel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Piat" title="Maurice Piat">Piat</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Aguiar_Retes" title="Carlos Aguiar Retes">Aguiar Retes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Ribat" title="John Ribat">Ribat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Tobin" title="Joseph W. Tobin">Tobin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Jean_Zerbo" title="Jean Zerbo">Zerbo</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Jos%C3%A9_Omella" title="Juan José Omella">Omella Omella</a> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anders_Arborelius" title="Anders Arborelius">Arborelius</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Louis-Marie_Ling_Mangkhanekhoun" title="Louis-Marie Ling Mangkhanekhoun">Mangkhanekhoun</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Rosa_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Gregorio Rosa Chávez">Rosa Chávez</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Angelo_De_Donatis" title="Angelo De Donatis">De Donatis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Coutts" title="Joseph Coutts">Coutts</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Marto" title="António Marto">Santos Marto</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Barreto" title="Pedro Barreto">Barreto Jimeno</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9_Tsarahazana" title="Désiré Tsarahazana">Tsarahazana</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Petrocchi" title="Giuseppe Petrocchi">Petrocchi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquino_Manyo_Maeda" title="Thomas Aquino Manyo Maeda">Maeda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Toribio_Ticona_Porco" title="Toribio Ticona Porco">Ticona Porco</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Suharyo_Hardjoatmodjo" title="Ignatius Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo">Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Garc%C3%ADa_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Juan García Rodríguez">García Rodríguez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fridolin_Ambongo_Besungu" title="Fridolin Ambongo Besungu">Ambongo Besungu</a> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Hollerich" title="Jean-Claude Hollerich">Hollerich</a> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Leonel_Ramazzini_Imeri" title="Álvaro Leonel Ramazzini Imeri">Ramazzini Imeri</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Matteo_Zuppi" title="Matteo Zuppi">Zuppi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Crist%C3%B3bal_L%C3%B3pez_Romero" title="Cristóbal López Romero">López Romero</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sigitas_Tamkevi%C4%8Dius" title="Sigitas Tamkevičius">Tamkevičius</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Kambanda" title="Antoine Kambanda">Kambanda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wilton_Daniel_Gregory" title="Wilton Daniel Gregory">Gregory</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jose_Advincula" title="Jose Advincula">Advincula</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Celestino_A%C3%B3s_Braco" title="Celestino Aós Braco">Aós Braco</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Augusto_Paolo_Lojudice" title="Augusto Paolo Lojudice">Lojudice</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Arizmendi_Esquivel" title="Felipe Arizmendi Esquivel">Arizmendi Esquivel</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Marc_Aveline" title="Jean-Marc Aveline">Aveline</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Okpaleke" title="Peter Okpaleke">Okpaleke</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_Ulrich_Steiner" title="Leonardo Ulrich Steiner">Steiner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Filipe_Neri_Ferr%C3%A3o" title="Filipe Neri Ferrão">Ferrão</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_W._McElroy" title="Robert W. McElroy">McElroy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Virg%C3%ADlio_do_Carmo_da_Silva" title="Virgílio do Carmo da Silva">Silva</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Cantoni" title="Oscar Cantoni">Cantoni</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Poola" title="Anthony Poola">Poola</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paulo_Cezar_Costa" title="Paulo Cezar Costa">Costa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Goh" title="William Goh">Goh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adalberto_Mart%C3%ADnez_Flores" title="Adalberto Martínez Flores">Martínez Flores</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Marengo" title="Giorgio Marengo">Marengo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Enrique_Jim%C3%A9nez_Carvajal" title="Jorge Enrique Jiménez Carvajal">Jiménez Carvajal</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Arrigo_Miglio" title="Arrigo Miglio">Miglio</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierbattista_Pizzaballa" title="Pierbattista Pizzaballa">Pizzaballa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Brislin" title="Stephen Brislin">Brislin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngel_Sixto_Rossi" title="Ángel Sixto Rossi">Rossi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luis_Jos%C3%A9_Rueda_Aparicio" title="Luis José Rueda Aparicio">Aparicio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Grzegorz_Ry%C5%9B" title="Grzegorz Ryś">Ryś</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Ameyu_Martin_Mulla" title="Stephen Ameyu Martin Mulla">Mulla</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Cobo_Cano" title="José Cobo Cano">Cano</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Protase_Rugambwa" title="Protase Rugambwa">Rugambwa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Francis" title="Sebastian Francis">Francis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Chow_(bishop)" title="Stephen Chow (bishop)">Chow</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Xavier_Bustillo" title="François-Xavier Bustillo">Bustillo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rico_Aguiar" title="Américo Aguiar">Aguiar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Diego_Padr%C3%B3n" title="Diego Padrón">Sánchez</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_deacon" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal deacon">Cardinal deacons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Mamberti" title="Dominique Mamberti">Mamberti</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mario_Zenari" title="Mario Zenari">Zenari</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Farrell" title="Kevin Farrell">Farrell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Simoni" title="Ernest Simoni">Simoni</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Luis_Ladaria_Ferrer" title="Luis Ladaria Ferrer">Ladaria Ferrer</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Angelo_Becciu" title="Giovanni Angelo Becciu">Becciu</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Krajewski" title="Konrad Krajewski">Krajewski</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Aquilino_Bocos_Merino" title="Aquilino Bocos Merino">Bocos Merino</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Miguel_%C3%81ngel_Ayuso_Guixot" title="Miguel Ángel Ayuso Guixot">Ayuso Guixot</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Tolentino_de_Mendon%C3%A7a" title="José Tolentino de Mendonça">Mendonça</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Czerny" title="Michael Czerny">Czerny</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Michael_Fitzgerald_(cardinal)" title="Michael Fitzgerald (cardinal)">Fitzgerald</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mario_Grech" title="Mario Grech">Grech</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marcello_Semeraro" title="Marcello Semeraro">Semeraro</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mauro_Gambetti" title="Mauro Gambetti">Gambetti</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Silvano_Maria_Tomasi" title="Silvano Maria Tomasi">Tomasi</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Raniero_Cantalamessa" title="Raniero Cantalamessa">Cantalamessa</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Feroci" title="Enrico Feroci">Feroci</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Roche" title="Arthur Roche">Roche</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_You_Heung-sik" title="Lazarus You Heung-sik">You</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fernando_V%C3%A9rgez_Alzaga" title="Fernando Vérgez Alzaga">Vérgez Alzaga</a> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Gianfranco_Ghirlanda" title="Gianfranco Ghirlanda">Ghirlanda</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Fortunato_Frezza" title="Fortunato Frezza">Frezza</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Francis_Prevost" title="Robert Francis Prevost">Prevost</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Claudio_Gugerotti" title="Claudio Gugerotti">Gugerotti</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_Manuel_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Víctor Manuel Fernández">Fernández</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emil_Paul_Tscherrig" title="Emil Paul Tscherrig">Tscherrig</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christophe_Pierre" title="Christophe Pierre">Pierre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngel_Fern%C3%A1ndez_Artime" title="Ángel Fernández Artime">Artime</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Agostino_Marchetto" title="Agostino Marchetto">Marchetto</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Luis_Pascual_Dri" title="Luis Pascual Dri">Dri</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color: gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Cardinals ineligible to participate in a <a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave" title="Papal conclave">papal conclave</a> in <i>italics</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">(CC): member of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Council of Cardinals</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">See also: <a href="/wiki/Titular_(Catholic_Church)" title="Titular (Catholic Church)">Titular</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Titular_church" title="Titular church">Titular church</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_titular_churches" title="List of titular churches">List of titular churches</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_creations_of_cardinals" title="List of creations of cardinals">List of creations of cardinals</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholic_Church" title="Portal:Catholic Church">Catholic Church portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pope_Francis" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color: gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pope_Francis" title="Template:Pope Francis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pope_Francis" title="Template talk:Pope Francis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pope_Francis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pope Francis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pope_Francis" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color: gold"><div> <ul><li>Born Jorge Mario Bergoglio, 1936</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Buenos_Aires" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Buenos Aires">Archbishop of Buenos Aires</a> (1998–2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinal Priest</a> of <a href="/wiki/San_Roberto_Bellarmino,_Rome" title="San Roberto Bellarmino, Rome">San Roberto Bellarmino</a> (2001–2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> (2013–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Resignation_of_Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Resignation of Pope Benedict XVI">Resignation of Pope Benedict XVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_papal_conclave" title="2013 papal conclave">Conclave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_inauguration_of_Pope_Francis" title="Papal inauguration of Pope Francis">Inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_declared_Servants_of_God_under_Pope_Francis" title="List of people declared Servants of God under Pope Francis">People declared Servants of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_declared_venerable_by_Pope_Francis" title="List of people declared venerable by Pope Francis">People declared venerable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_beatified_by_Pope_Francis" title="List of people beatified by Pope Francis">Beatifications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_saints_canonized_by_Pope_Francis" title="List of saints canonized by Pope Francis">Canonizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinals_created_by_Francis" title="Cardinals created by Francis">Cardinals created</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consecration_of_Russia_to_the_Immaculate_Heart_of_Mary" title="Consecration of Russia to the Immaculate Heart of Mary">Consecration of Russia to the Immaculate Heart of Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Declaration_of_Pope_Francis_and_Patriarch_Kirill" title="Joint Declaration of Pope Francis and Patriarch Kirill">Meeting with Patriarch Kirill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Synods</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third_Extraordinary_General_Assembly_of_the_Synod_of_Bishops" title="Third Extraordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Ordinary_General_Assembly_of_the_Synod_of_Bishops" title="Fourteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_Ordinary_General_Assembly_of_the_Synod_of_Bishops" title="Fifteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_for_the_Pan-Amazon_region" title="Synod of Bishops for the Pan-Amazon region">2019</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_thaw" title="Cuban thaw">U.S.–Cuban thaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraordinary_Jubilee_of_Mercy" title="Extraordinary Jubilee of Mercy">Extraordinary Jubilee of Mercy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Study_Commission_on_the_Women%27s_Diaconate" title="Study Commission on the Women's Diaconate">Study Commission on the Women's Diaconate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta#Today" title="Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Order of Malta leadership</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fiducia_supplicans" title="Fiducia supplicans">Fiducia supplicans</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Franciscus.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Pope Francis"><img alt="Coat of arms of Pope Francis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Coat_of_arms_of_Franciscus.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_Franciscus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Coat_of_arms_of_Franciscus.svg/135px-Coat_of_arms_of_Franciscus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Coat_of_arms_of_Franciscus.svg/180px-Coat_of_arms_of_Franciscus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="862" data-file-height="1190" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of Pope Francis</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_pastoral_visits_of_Pope_Francis" title="List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis">Visits</a> (selected)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visit_by_Pope_Francis_to_the_Philippines" title="Visit by Pope Francis to the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_visit_by_Pope_Francis_to_North_America" title="2015 visit by Pope Francis to North America">North America (2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_visit_by_Pope_Francis_to_Kenya" title="State visit by Pope Francis to Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visit_by_Pope_Francis_to_Ireland" title="Visit by Pope Francis to Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_visit_by_Pope_Francis_to_the_Baltic_states" title="2018 visit by Pope Francis to the Baltic states">Baltic states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_visit_by_Pope_Francis_to_Iraq" title="2021 visit by Pope Francis to Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visit_by_Pope_Francis_to_Canada" title="Visit by Pope Francis to Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visit_by_Pope_Francis_to_Mongolia" title="Visit by Pope Francis to Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis%27_visit_to_Indonesia" title="Pope Francis' visit to Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis_bibliography" title="Pope Francis bibliography">Bibliography</a><br />(selected)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_constitution" title="Apostolic constitution">Constitutions</a><br />(selected)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Vultum_Dei_quaerere" title="Vultum Dei quaerere">Vultum Dei quaerere</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Veritatis_gaudium" title="Veritatis gaudium">Veritatis gaudium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Episcopalis_communio" title="Episcopalis communio">Episcopalis communio</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pascite_gregem_Dei" title="Pascite gregem Dei">Pascite gregem Dei</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Praedicate_evangelium" title="Praedicate evangelium">Praedicate evangelium</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_exhortation" title="Apostolic exhortation">Exhortations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Evangelii_gaudium" title="Evangelii gaudium">Evangelii gaudium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amoris_laetitia" title="Amoris laetitia">Amoris laetitia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gaudete_et_exsultate" title="Gaudete et exsultate">Gaudete et exsultate</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christus_vivit" title="Christus vivit">Christus vivit</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Querida_Amazonia" title="Querida Amazonia">Querida Amazonia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Laudate_Deum" title="Laudate Deum">Laudate Deum</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Encyclical" title="Encyclical">Encyclicals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lumen_fidei" title="Lumen fidei">Lumen fidei</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Laudato_si%27" title="Laudato si'">Laudato si'</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fratelli_tutti" title="Fratelli tutti">Fratelli tutti</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dilexit_nos" title="Dilexit nos">Dilexit nos</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_letter" title="Ecclesiastical letter">Letters</a> (selected)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Misericordiae_vultus" title="Misericordiae vultus">Misericordiae vultus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Extraordinary_Jubilee_of_Mercy#Misericordia_et_misera" title="Extraordinary Jubilee of Mercy">Misericordia et misera</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maiorem_hac_dilectionem" title="Maiorem hac dilectionem">Maiorem hac dilectionem</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Magnum_principium" title="Magnum principium">Magnum principium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vos_estis_lux_mundi" title="Vos estis lux mundi">Vos estis lux mundi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spiritus_Domini_(Pope_Francis)" title="Spiritus Domini (Pope Francis)">Spiritus Domini</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Traditionis_custodes" title="Traditionis custodes">Traditionis custodes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%">Related people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Papal_household" title="Papal household">Papal<br />household</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Xuereb" title="Alfred Xuereb">Alfred Xuereb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fabi%C3%A1n_Pedacchio" title="Fabián Pedacchio">Fabián Pedacchio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yoannis_Lahzi_Gaid" title="Yoannis Lahzi Gaid">Yoannis Lahzi Gaid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Aemilius" title="Gonzalo Aemilius">Gonzalo Aemilius</a> (former personal secretaries)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabio_Salerno" title="Fabio Salerno">Fabio Salerno</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Pellizzon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel Pellizzon (page does not exist)">Daniel Pellizzon</a> (current personal secretaries)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_Marini" title="Guido Marini">Guido Marini</a> (former <a href="/wiki/Office_for_the_Liturgical_Celebrations_of_the_Supreme_Pontiff" title="Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff">Master of Pontifical Liturgical Celebrations</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Ravelli" title="Diego Ravelli">Diego Giovanni Ravelli</a> (current <a href="/wiki/Office_for_the_Liturgical_Celebrations_of_the_Supreme_Pontiff" title="Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff">Master of Pontifical Liturgical Celebrations</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_G%C3%A4nswein" title="Georg Gänswein">Georg Gänswein</a> (former <a href="/wiki/Prefecture_of_the_Papal_Household" title="Prefecture of the Papal Household">Prefect of the Papal Household</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cardinal<br />Advisers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Current: <a href="/wiki/Fridolin_Ambongo_Besungu" title="Fridolin Ambongo Besungu">Fridolin Ambongo Besungu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9rgio_da_Rocha" title="Sérgio da Rocha">Sérgio da Rocha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Gracias" title="Oswald Gracias">Oswald Gracias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Hollerich" title="Jean-Claude Hollerich">Jean-Claude Hollerich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rald_Lacroix" title="Gérald Lacroix">Gérald Lacroix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Patrick_O%27Malley" title="Seán Patrick O'Malley">Seán Patrick O'Malley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Jos%C3%A9_Omella" title="Juan José Omella">Juan José Omella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parolin" title="Pietro Parolin">Pietro Parolin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_V%C3%A9rgez_Alzaga" title="Fernando Vérgez Alzaga">Fernando Vérgez Alzaga</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Former: <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Javier_Err%C3%A1zuriz_Ossa" title="Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa">Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laurent_Monsengwo_Pasinya" title="Laurent Monsengwo Pasinya">Laurent Monsengwo Pasinya</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Pell" title="George Pell">George Pell</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Maradiaga" title="Óscar Rodríguez Maradiaga">Óscar Rodríguez Maradiaga</a> (coordinator), <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Bertello" title="Giuseppe Bertello">Giuseppe Bertello</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Marx" title="Reinhard Marx">Reinhard Marx</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Episcopate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Benedict XVI</a> (preceding pope)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauro_Gambetti" title="Mauro Gambetti">Mauro Gambetti</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vicar_General_for_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicar General for Vatican City">Vicar General for Vatican City</a>)</li> <li>Vacant (<a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Vicar" title="Cardinal Vicar">Vicar General for Rome</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Quarracino" title="Antonio Quarracino">Antonio Quarracino</a> (preceding Archbishop of Buenos Aires)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Aurelio_Poli" title="Mario Aurelio Poli">Mario Aurelio Poli</a> (succeeding Archbishop of Buenos Aires)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Rubin" title="Sergio Rubin">Sergio Rubin</a> (biographer)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%">Related books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis:_Conversations_with_Jorge_Bergoglio" title="Pope Francis: Conversations with Jorge Bergoglio">Pope Francis: Conversations with Jorge Bergoglio</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_Heaven_and_Earth" title="On Heaven and Earth">On Heaven and Earth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis:_Life_and_Revolution" title="Pope Francis: Life and Revolution">Pope Francis: Life and Revolution</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dictator_Pope" title="The Dictator Pope">The Dictator Pope</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Pope_Francis" title="Coat of arms of Pope Francis">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_and_things_named_after_Pope_Francis" title="List of places and things named after Pope Francis">Eponyms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theology_of_Pope_Francis" title="Theology of Pope Francis">Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis_and_LGBT_topics" title="Pope Francis and LGBT topics">LGBT topics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Jesus">Society of Jesus</a> (religious order)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domus_Sanctae_Marthae" title="Domus Sanctae Marthae">Domus Sanctae Marthae</a> (residence)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wake_Up!_(Pope_Francis_album)" title="Wake Up! (Pope Francis album)">Wake Up!</a></i> (2015 album)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Francis:_Pray_for_Me" title="Francis: Pray for Me">Francis: Pray for Me</a></i> (2015 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chiamatemi_Francesco" title="Chiamatemi Francesco">Chiamatemi Francesco</a></i> (2015 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis:_A_Man_of_His_Word" title="Pope Francis: A Man of His Word">Pope Francis: A Man of His Word</a></i> (2018 documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Popes" title="The Two Popes">The Two Popes</a></i> (2019 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Francesco_(2020_film)" title="Francesco (2020 film)">Francesco</a></i> (2020 documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Letter:_A_Message_for_our_Earth" title="The Letter: A Message for our Earth">The Letter: A Message for our Earth</a></i> (2022 documentary)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color: gold"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Pope_Francis" title="Category:Pope Francis">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Holy_See" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Holy_See" title="Template:Holy See"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Holy_See" title="Template talk:Holy See"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Holy_See" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Holy See"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Holy_See" class="wraplinks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_see" title="Apostolic see">Apostolic</a> <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_see" title="Episcopal see">episcopal see</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a> as <a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop in the Catholic Church">bishop</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Rome" title="Diocese of Rome">Diocese of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">Sovereignty and government</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_the_Holy_See" title="Legal status of the Holy See">Sovereign judicial entity</a> under <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_papacy" title="History of the papacy">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_see" title="Apostolic see">Apostolic see</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primacy_of_Peter" title="Primacy of Peter">Primacy of Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_papal_primacy" title="History of papal primacy">History of papal primacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrimony_of_Saint_Peter" title="Patrimony of Saint Peter">Patrimony of Saint Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="Old St. Peter's Basilica">Old St. Peter's Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Palace" title="Lateran Palace">Lateran Palace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Museum" title="Lateran Museum">Museum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Rome" title="Duchy of Rome">Duchy of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donation_of_Sutri" title="Donation of Sutri">Donation of Sutri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donation_of_Pepin" title="Donation of Pepin">Donation of Pepin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avignon_Papacy" title="Avignon Papacy">Avignon Papacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temporal_power_of_the_Holy_See" title="Temporal power of the Holy See">Temporal power</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investiture_Controversy" title="Investiture Controversy">Investiture Controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popes_during_the_Age_of_Revolution" title="Popes during the Age of Revolution">Age of Revolution</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_in_the_Vatican" title="Prisoner in the Vatican">Prisoner in the Vatican</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_during_the_Savoyard_era_(1870%E2%80%931929)" title="Vatican during the Savoyard era (1870–1929)">Savoyard era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Treaty" title="Lateran Treaty">Lateran Treaty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_in_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican City in World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations" title="Holy See–Soviet Union relations">Warsaw Pact</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">Sovereign<br />judicial entity</a><br /><small>under<br /><a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international<br />law</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_the_Holy_See" title="Legal status of the Holy See">Legal status</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Official" title="Official">Officials</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Secretary_of_State" title="Cardinal Secretary of State">Cardinal Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parolin" title="Pietro Parolin">Pietro Parolin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_living_cardinals" class="mw-redirect" title="List of living cardinals">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Cardinal_Advisers" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of Cardinal Advisers">Advisers</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Governance" title="Governance">Governance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_State_(Holy_See)" title="Secretariat of State (Holy See)">Secretariat of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Cardinals" title="College of Cardinals">College of Cardinals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave" title="Papal conclave">Papal conclave</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Vatican_City" title="Politics of Vatican City">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Camera" title="Apostolic Camera">Apostolic Camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_commission" title="Pontifical commission">Commissions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Vatican_City_State" title="Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State">For Vatican City State</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_council" title="Pontifical council">Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_(Roman_Curia)" title="Congregation (Roman Curia)">Congregations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">Dicasteries</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Holy_See" title="Foreign relations of the Holy See">Foreign affairs</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Multilateral_foreign_policy_of_the_Holy_See" title="Multilateral foreign policy of the Holy See">Multilateral policy</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Section_for_Relations_with_States_(Roman_Curia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Section for Relations with States (Roman Curia)">Section for Relations with States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_to_the_Holy_See" title="List of diplomatic missions to the Holy See">To the Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_the_Holy_See" title="List of diplomatic missions of the Holy See">Of the Holy See</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_the_diplomatic_missions_of_the_Holy_See" title="List of heads of the diplomatic missions of the Holy See">Heads</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Italy_relations" title="Holy See–Italy relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See_and_the_United_Nations" title="Holy See and the United Nations">United Nations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Observer_of_the_Holy_See_to_the_United_Nations" title="Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the United Nations">Permanent Observer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Observer_of_the_Holy_See_to_the_United_Nations_in_Geneva" title="Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the United Nations in Geneva">in Geneva</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Holy See–European Union relations">European Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Observer_of_the_Holy_See_to_the_Council_of_Europe" title="Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the Council of Europe">Permanent Observer to the Council of Europe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_nunciature" title="Apostolic nunciature">Apostolic nunciature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nuncio" title="Nuncio">Nuncio</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_the_Holy_See" title="Treaties of the Holy See">Treaties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concordat" title="Concordat">Concordats</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Rome" title="Diocese of Rome">Diocese<br />of Rome</a><br /><small>with <a href="/wiki/Universal_jurisdiction" title="Universal jurisdiction">universal</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Full_communion" title="Full communion">full communion</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Papal_primacy" title="Papal primacy">Papal primacy</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Synods" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Synods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church#Ordinary_general_assemblies" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Ordinary general assemblies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church#Extraordinary_general_assemblies" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Extraordinary general assemblies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church#Special_assemblies" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Special assemblies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_Province_of_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecclesiastical Province of Rome">Ecclesiastical<br />province of Rome</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Apostolic_vicariate" title="Apostolic vicariate">Vicariate</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Vicar" title="Cardinal Vicar">Rome</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Vicar_General_for_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicar General for Vatican City">Vatican City</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Suburbicarian_diocese" title="Suburbicarian diocese">Suburbicarian sees</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Ostia" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Ostia">Ostia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Velletri-Segni" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Velletri-Segni">Velletri-Segni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Porto-Santa_Rufina" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Porto-Santa Rufina">Porto-Santa Rufina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Frascati" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Frascati">Frascati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Palestrina" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Palestrina">Palestrina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Albano" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Albano">Albano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Sabina-Poggio_Mirteto" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto">Sabina-Poggio Mirteto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Territorial_abbey" title="Territorial abbey">Territorial abbeys</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Abbey_of_Montecassino" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Abbey of Montecassino">Montecassino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Saint_Scholastica,_Subiaco" title="Abbey of Saint Scholastica, Subiaco">Subiaco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Suffragan_diocese" title="Suffragan diocese">Suffragan dioceses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Gaeta" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gaeta">Gaeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Anagni-Alatri" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Anagni-Alatri">Anagni-Alatri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Civita_Castellana" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Civita Castellana">Civita Castellana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Civitavecchia-Tarquinia" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Civitavecchia-Tarquinia">Civitavecchia-Tarquinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Frosinone-Veroli-Ferentino" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Frosinone-Veroli-Ferentino">Frosinone-Veroli-Ferentino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno">Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Rieti" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Rieti">Rieti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo">Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Tivoli" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Tivoli">Tivoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Viterbo" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Viterbo">Viterbo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Properties_of_the_Holy_See" title="Properties of the Holy See">Properties</a><br /><small>including<br /><a href="/wiki/Extraterritoriality" title="Extraterritoriality">extra-<br />territoriality</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Inside<br /><a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Major basilica">Major basilicas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archbasilica_of_Saint_John_Lateran" title="Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran">Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore">Basilica of Saint Mary Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Paul_Outside_the_Walls" title="Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls">Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Palace" title="Lateran Palace">Lateran Palace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Lateran_University" title="Pontifical Lateran University">Lateran University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scala_Sancta" title="Scala Sancta">Scala Sancta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancta_Sanctorum_(Lateran,_Rome)" title="Sancta Sanctorum (Lateran, Rome)">Sancta Sanctorum</a></li> <li>Adjoining buildings</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_San_Callisto" title="Palazzo San Callisto">Palace of Saint Callixtus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianicolo" class="mw-redirect" title="Gianicolo">Gianicolo</a> Hill area <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Urban_University" title="Pontifical Urban University">Pontifical Urban University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_North_American_College" title="Pontifical North American College">Pontifical North American College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bambino_Ges%C3%B9_Hospital" title="Bambino Gesù Hospital">Bambino Gesù Hospital</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_della_Cancelleria" title="Palazzo della Cancelleria">Palazzo della Cancelleria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_di_Propaganda_Fide" title="Palazzo di Propaganda Fide">Palace of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_the_Holy_Office" title="Palace of the Holy Office">Palace of the Holy Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_dei_Convertendi" title="Palazzo dei Convertendi">Palace of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palazzo_Pio_(Borgo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palazzo Pio (Borgo) (page does not exist)">Palazzo Pio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Maffei_Marescotti" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace of Maffei Marescotti">Palace of the Vicariate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Roman_Major_Seminary" title="Pontifical Roman Major Seminary">Pontifical Minor Roman Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegio_Teutonico" title="Collegio Teutonico">Collegio Teutonico</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teutonic_Cemetery" title="Teutonic Cemetery">Teutonic Cemetery</a></li></ul></li> <li>Benedictine monastery</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Oratory_of_San_Paolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pontifical Oratory of San Paolo (page does not exist)">Pontifical Oratory of San Paolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beda_College" title="Beda College">Beda College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_VI_Audience_Hall" title="Paul VI Audience Hall">Paul VI Audience Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Non-extraterritorial" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Non-<br />extraterritorial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Palace of the <a href="/wiki/Santi_Apostoli,_Rome" title="Santi Apostoli, Rome">Holy Apostles</a></li> <li>Palace of <a href="/wiki/San_Carlo_ai_Catinari" title="San Carlo ai Catinari">San Carlo ai Catinari</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collegio_Bellarmino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Collegio Bellarmino (page does not exist)">Collegio Bellarmino</a></li> <li>Archaeological Institute</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Oriental_Institute" title="Pontifical Oriental Institute">Pontifical Oriental Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Lombard_Seminary" title="Pontifical Lombard Seminary">Pontifical Lombard Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegium_Russicum" title="Collegium Russicum">Russian College</a></li> <li>Two Palaces of <a href="/wiki/Sant%27Apollinare_alle_Terme_Neroniane-Alessandrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Sant'Apollinare alle Terme Neroniane-Alessandrine">Sant'Apollinare</a></li> <li>House of Retreat for the Clergy of Saints John and Paul <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nympheum_of_Nero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nympheum of Nero (page does not exist)">Nympheum of Nero</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Outside<br />Rome</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Palace_of_Castel_Gandolfo" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo">Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo</a> <ul><li>Papal farm</li> <li>Gardens of the Villa Cybo</li> <li>Villa <a href="/wiki/Barberini" class="mw-redirect" title="Barberini">Barberini</a></li> <li>Adjacent gardens</li></ul></li> <li>Summer estate of <a href="/wiki/Pontificio_Collegio_Urbano_de_Propaganda_Fide" title="Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide">Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Radio" title="Vatican Radio">Vatican Radio</a> antennae area of <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_di_Galeria" class="extiw" title="it:Santa Maria di Galeria">Santa Maria di Galeria</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Non-extraterritorial" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Non-<br />extraterritorial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_the_Holy_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of the Holy House">Basilica of the Holy House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Francis_of_Assisi" title="Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi">Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Anthony_of_Padua" title="Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua">Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Apostolicae_Sedis" title="Acta Apostolicae Sedis">Acta Apostolicae Sedis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_household" title="Papal household">Papal household</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter%27s_Pence" title="Peter's Pence">Peter's Pence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Rota" title="Roman Rota">Roman Rota</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Penitentiary" title="Apostolic Penitentiary">Apostolic Penitentiary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Signatura" title="Apostolic Signatura">Apostolic Signatura</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Vatican_City" title="Portal:Vatican City">Vatican City portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Catholic_Church" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist wraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Catholic_Church_footer" title="Template:Catholic Church footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Catholic_Church_footer" title="Template talk:Catholic Church footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic_Church_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic Church footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Catholic_Church" class="wraplinks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Catholic_Church_articles" title="Index of Catholic Church articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Outline of the Catholic Church">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Glossary of the Catholic Church">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Catholics" title="Lists of Catholics">Lists of Catholics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="History of the Catholic Church">History</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Timeline of the Catholic Church">Timeline</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_history_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Ecclesiastical history of the Catholic Church">Ecclesiastical</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Legal_history_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Legal history of the Catholic Church">Legal</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">Jesus</a> <a href="/wiki/Christ_(title)" title="Christ (title)">Christ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Jesus" title="Ministry of Jesus">Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Commission" title="Great Commission">Great Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_succession" title="Apostolic succession">Succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primacy_of_Peter" title="Primacy of Peter">Petrine primacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church fathers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Fathers" title="Apostolic Fathers">Apostolic fathers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_papacy" title="History of the papacy">History of the papacy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_papal_primacy" title="History of papal primacy">Primacy</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Great_Church" title="Great Church">Great Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_ante-Nicene_period" title="Christianity in the ante-Nicene period">Ante-Nicene period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great_and_Christianity" title="Constantine the Great and Christianity">Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_seven_ecumenical_councils" title="First seven ecumenical councils">First seven ecumenical councils</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea" title="First Council of Nicaea">Nicaea I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon" title="Council of Chalcedon">Chalcedon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_late_antiquity" title="Christianity in late antiquity">Late antiquity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_canon" title="Biblical canon">Biblical canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_monasticism" title="Christian monasticism">Monasticism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Christianity in the Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_Muslim_conquests" title="Early Muslim conquests">Islamic conquests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_I" title="Pope Gregory I">Pope Gregory I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_Schism" title="East–West Schism">Schism (1054)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investiture_Controversy" title="Investiture Controversy">Investiture Controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Schism" title="Western Schism">Schism (1378)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inquisition" title="Inquisition">Inquisition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_university" title="Medieval university">Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scholasticism" title="Scholasticism">Scholasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_the_Age_of_Discovery" title="Catholic Church and the Age of Discovery">Age of Discovery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_modern_era" title="Christianity in the modern era">Modern era</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church and Protestant">Protestantism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">Catholic Reformation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Trent" title="Council of Trent">Trent</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dechristianization_of_France_during_the_French_Revolution" title="Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Nazi_Germany" title="Catholic Church and Nazi Germany">Nazism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Vatican II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations" title="Holy See–Soviet Union relations">Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases">Sexual abuse scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Islam" title="Catholic Church and Islam">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_Catholic_Church" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Catholic Church">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology" title="Catholic theology">Theology</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Bible" title="Catholic Bible">Bible</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Catholic_tradition" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic tradition">Tradition</a><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Catechism_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Catechism of the Catholic Church">Catechism</a></i></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="General" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingship_and_kingdom_of_God" title="Kingship and kingdom of God">Kingdom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology_on_the_body" title="Catholic theology on the body">Body and soul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_grace" title="Divine grace">Divine grace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogma_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Dogma in the Catholic Church">Dogma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Nicene Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Original_sin" title="Original sin">Original sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_saints" title="List of Catholic saints">Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">Salvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Mount" title="Sermon on the Mount">Sermon on the Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten_Commandments_in_Catholic_theology" title="Ten Commandments in Catholic theology">Ten Commandments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgate" title="Vulgate">Vulgate</a></li> <li>Official Bible <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sixtine_Vulgate" title="Sixtine Vulgate">Sixtine Vulgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixto-Clementine_Vulgate" title="Sixto-Clementine Vulgate">Sixto-Clementine Vulgate</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nova_Vulgata" title="Nova Vulgata">Nova Vulgata</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_worship" title="Christian worship">Worship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_ecclesiology" title="Catholic ecclesiology">Ecclesiology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Communitas_perfecta" title="Communitas perfecta">Communitas perfecta</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_ecumenical_councils" title="Catholic ecumenical councils">Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_ecumenism" title="Catholic Church and ecumenism">Ecumenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Marks_of_the_Church" title="Four Marks of the Church">Four marks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_true_church" title="One true church">One true church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholicity" title="Catholicity">Catholic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infallibility_of_the_Church" title="Infallibility of the Church">Infallibility</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mystici_Corporis_Christi" title="Mystici Corporis Christi">Mystici Corporis Christi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_of_God" title="People of God">People of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churches_Militant,_Penitent,_and_Triumphant" title="Churches Militant, Penitent, and Triumphant">Three states</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Subsistit_in" title="Subsistit in">Subsistit in</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy,_theology,_and_fundamental_theory_of_Catholic_canon_law" title="Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of Catholic canon law">In canon law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Sacraments_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Sacraments of the Catholic Church">Sacraments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confirmation_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Confirmation in the Catholic Church">Confirmation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharist_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Eucharist in the Catholic Church">Eucharist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrament_of_Penance" title="Sacrament of Penance">Penance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_the_Sick_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Anointing of the Sick in the Catholic Church">Anointing of the Sick</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Last_rites" title="Last rites">Last rites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_orders_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Holy orders in the Catholic Church">Holy orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marriage in the Catholic Church">Matrimony</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Mariology" title="Catholic Mariology">Mariology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Catholic_Mariology" title="History of Catholic Mariology">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Conception" title="Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariology_of_the_popes" title="Mariology of the popes">Mariology of the popes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariology_of_the_saints" title="Mariology of the saints">Mariology of the saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Mother of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_virginity_of_Mary" title="Perpetual virginity of Mary">Perpetual virginity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneration_of_Mary_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church">Veneration</a></li> <li>See also:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephology" title="Josephology">Josephology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_philosophy" title="Christian philosophy">Philosophy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_moral_theology" title="Catholic moral theology">Moral theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personalism_(Catholic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Personalism (Catholic)">Personalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_social_teaching" title="Catholic social teaching">Social teaching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_philosophers_and_theologians" title="List of Catholic philosophers and theologians">Philosophers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy,_theology,_and_fundamental_theory_of_Catholic_canon_law" title="Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of Catholic canon law">Philosophy of canon law</a></li> <li>See also:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_the_Catholic_Church" title="Science and the Catholic Church">Science</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_and_the_Catholic_Church" title="Evolution and the Catholic Church">Evolution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state" title="Separation of church and state">Separation of church and state</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Relations_between_the_Catholic_Church_and_the_state" title="Relations between the Catholic Church and the state">Relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_politics" title="Catholic Church and politics">Politics</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Saint_(Catholic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint (Catholic)">Saints</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Family" title="Holy Family">Holy Family</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph" title="Saint Joseph">Joseph</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriarch" title="Patriarch">Patriarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophets_of_Christianity" title="Prophets of Christianity">Prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archangel" title="Archangel">Archangels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_martyr" title="Christian martyr">Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_the_Church" title="Doctor of the Church">Doctors of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Evangelists" title="Four Evangelists">Evangelists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confessor_of_the_Faith" title="Confessor of the Faith">Confessors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disciple_(Christianity)" title="Disciple (Christianity)">Disciples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_(title)" title="Virgin (title)">Virgins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Organisation<br /><small><a href="/wiki/Hierarchy_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Hierarchy of the Catholic Church">Hierarchy</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Canon_law_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Canon law of the Catholic Church">Canon law</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Catholic_laity" title="Catholic laity">Laity</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Order_of_precedence_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Order of precedence in the Catholic Church">Precedence</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_by_country" title="Catholic Church by country">By country</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_popes" title="List of popes">List of popes</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_ecumenical_councils" title="Catholic ecumenical councils">Ecumenical councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Cardinals" title="College of Cardinals">College</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_living_cardinals" class="mw-redirect" title="List of living cardinals">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Cardinal_Advisers" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of Cardinal Advisers">Advisers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">Dicasteries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Synod of Bishops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Properties_of_the_Holy_See" title="Properties of the Holy See">Properties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Vatican_City%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Vatican City–related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Vatican_City" title="Outline of Vatican City">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Palace" title="Apostolic Palace">Apostolic Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Treaty" title="Lateran Treaty">Lateran Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Rota" title="Roman Rota">Roman Rota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums" title="Vatican Museums">Vatican Museums</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_polity" title="Ecclesiastical polity">Polity</a> (<a href="/wiki/Holy_orders_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Holy orders in the Catholic Church">Holy orders</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_dioceses_(structured_view)" title="List of Catholic dioceses (structured view)">Diocese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_conference" title="Episcopal conference">Episcopal conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eparchy#Church_hierarchy" title="Eparchy">Eparchy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Bishops in the Catholic Church">Bishop</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patriarch" title="Patriarch">Patriarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_archbishop" title="Major archbishop">Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primate_(bishop)" title="Primate (bishop)">Primate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_bishop" title="Metropolitan bishop">Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">Archbishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocesan_bishop" title="Diocesan bishop">Diocesan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coadjutor_bishop" title="Coadjutor bishop">Coadjutor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_bishop" title="Auxiliary bishop">Auxiliary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titular_bishop" title="Titular bishop">Titular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_emeritus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope emeritus">Emeritus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parish_(Catholic_Church)" title="Parish (Catholic Church)">Parish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Priesthood in the Catholic Church">Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon" title="Deacon">Deacon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Consecrated_life" title="Consecrated life">Consecrated life</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_(Western_Christianity)" title="Religious (Western Christianity)">Religious</a>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_(hierarchy)" title="Superior (hierarchy)">Superior</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbot" title="Abbot">Abbot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abbess" title="Abbess">Abbess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_general_(Christianity)" title="Superior general (Christianity)">General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_superior" title="Provincial superior">Provincial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prior_(ecclesiastical)" title="Prior (ecclesiastical)">Prior, Prioress</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_master_(order)" title="Grand master (order)">Grand master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_brother" title="Religious brother">Brother</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friar" title="Friar">Friar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">Monk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_sister" title="Religious sister">Sister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_nun" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic nun">Nun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermit" title="Hermit">Hermit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novitiate" title="Novitiate">Novice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Novice_master" title="Novice master">Master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oblate" title="Oblate">Oblate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postulant" title="Postulant">Postulant</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_particular_churches_and_liturgical_rites" title="Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites">Particular churches</a><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Sui_iuris" title="Sui iuris">sui iuris</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic Churches</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Albanian Greek Catholic Church">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Catholic_Church" title="Armenian Catholic Church">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Belarusian Greek Catholic Church">Belarusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Bulgarian Greek Catholic Church">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaldean_Catholic_Church" title="Chaldean Catholic Church">Chaldean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Catholic_Church" title="Coptic Catholic Church">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Catholic_Church_of_Croatia_and_Serbia" title="Greek Catholic Church of Croatia and Serbia">Croatian and Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_Catholic_Church" title="Eritrean Catholic Church">Eritrean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Catholic_Church" title="Ethiopian Catholic Church">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Georgia" title="Catholic Church in Georgia">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Byzantine_Catholic_Church" title="Greek Byzantine Catholic Church">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Hungarian Greek Catholic Church">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italo-Albanian_Catholic_Church" title="Italo-Albanian Catholic Church">Italo-Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Macedonian Greek Catholic Church">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maronite_Church" title="Maronite Church">Maronite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melkite_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Melkite Greek Catholic Church">Melkite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Romanian Greek Catholic Church">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Russian Greek Catholic Church">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruthenian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church">Ruthenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Slovak Greek Catholic Church">Slovak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Catholic_Church" title="Syriac Catholic Church">Syriac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syro-Malabar_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Syro-Malabar Catholic Church">Syro-Malabar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syro-Malankara_Catholic_Church" title="Syro-Malankara Catholic Church">Syro-Malankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church">Ukrainian</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_liturgy" title="Catholic liturgy">Catholic liturgy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_liturgy" title="Eastern Catholic liturgy">Eastern Catholic liturgy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_liturgical_rites" title="Alexandrian liturgical rites">Alexandrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiochene_Rite" title="Antiochene Rite">Antiochian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Rite" title="Armenian Rite">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite" title="Byzantine Rite">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Syriac_Rite" title="East Syriac Rite">East Syriac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Syriac_Rite" title="West Syriac Rite">West Syriac</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Rite" title="Malankara Rite">Malankara</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_liturgical_rites" title="Latin liturgical rites">Latin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosian_Rite" title="Ambrosian Rite">Ambrosian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rite_of_Braga" title="Rite of Braga">Braga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozarabic_Rite" title="Mozarabic Rite">Mozarabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">Paul VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Use" title="Anglican Use">Anglican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaire_Use" title="Zaire Use">Zaire</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_art" title="Catholic art">Art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marian_art_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marian art in the Catholic Church">Marian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_artists" title="List of Catholic artists">Artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_writers" title="List of Catholic writers">Writers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Catholic_church_buildings" title="Lists of Catholic church buildings">Church buildings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altarpiece" title="Altarpiece">Altarpieces</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_Catholicism" title="Folk Catholicism">Folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Library" title="Vatican Library">Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums" title="Vatican Museums">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_music" title="Category:Catholic music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Distinctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_Christianity_in_civilization" title="Role of Christianity in civilization">Role in civilisation</a></li> <li>See also:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Criticism of the Catholic Church">Criticism of the Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Catholicism" title="Anti-Catholicism">Anti-Catholicism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_media" title="Category:Catholic media">Media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See_Press_Office" title="Holy See Press Office">Holy See Press Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Media" title="Vatican Media">Vatican Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_News" title="Vatican News">Vatican News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Television_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican Television Center">Vatican Television Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Radio" title="Vatican Radio">Vatican Radio</a></li></ul></li> <li>Vatican Polyglot Press</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano">L'Osservatore Romano</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Apostolicae_Sedis" title="Acta Apostolicae Sedis">Acta Apostolicae Sedis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Annuario_Pontificio" title="Annuario Pontificio">Annuario Pontificio</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religious_order_(Catholic)" title="Religious order (Catholic)">Religious orders</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Religious_institute" title="Religious institute">institutes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Society_of_apostolic_life" title="Society of apostolic life">societies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assumptionists" title="Assumptionists">Assumptionists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Annunciation_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary" title="Order of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary">Annonciades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustinians" title="Augustinians">Augustinians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Basil_the_Great" title="Order of Saint Basil the Great">Basilians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedictines" title="Benedictines">Benedictines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethlehemites" title="Bethlehemites">Bethlehemites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Most_Holy_Annunciation" title="Order of the Most Holy Annunciation">Blue nuns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camaldolese" title="Camaldolese">Camaldoleses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camillians" title="Camillians">Camillians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmelites" title="Carmelites">Carmelites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthusians" title="Carthusians">Carthusians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cistercians" title="Cistercians">Cistercians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poor_Clares" title="Poor Clares">Clarisses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conceptionists" title="Conceptionists">Conceptionists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canons_Regular_of_the_Order_of_the_Holy_Cross" title="Canons Regular of the Order of the Holy Cross">Crosiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franciscans" title="Franciscans">Franciscans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Our_Lady_of_Charity_of_the_Good_Shepherd" title="Congregation of Our Lady of Charity of the Good Shepherd">Good Shepherd Sisters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieronymites" title="Hieronymites">Hieronymites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesuits" title="Jesuits">Jesuits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legionaries_of_Christ" title="Legionaries of Christ">Legionaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary_of_Mercy" title="Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy">Mercedarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Minims" title="Order of Minims">Minims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivetans" title="Olivetans">Olivetans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oratory_of_Saint_Philip_Neri" title="Oratory of Saint Philip Neri">Oratorians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piarists" title="Piarists">Piarists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premonstratensians" title="Premonstratensians">Premonstratensians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redemptoristines" title="Redemptoristines">Redemptoristines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servite_Order" title="Servite Order">Servites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatines" title="Theatines">Theatines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trappists" title="Trappists">Trappists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinitarians" title="Trinitarians">Trinitarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Visitation_of_Holy_Mary" title="Order of the Visitation of Holy Mary">Visitandines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Association_of_the_Christian_faithful" title="Association of the Christian faithful">Associations<br />of the faithful</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Confraternity" title="Confraternity">Confraternities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_lay_organisations" title="Catholic lay organisations">Lay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Marian_movements_and_societies" title="Catholic Marian movements and societies">Marian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_youth_work" title="Catholic youth work">Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Movement_of_Christian_Workers" title="World Movement of Christian Workers">Workers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_order" title="Third order">Third orders</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third_Order_of_Saint_Dominic" title="Third Order of Saint Dominic">Saint Dominic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lay_Carmelites" title="Lay 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