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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1910s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1910s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>1910s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1910s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1920s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1920s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>1920s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1920s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1930s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1930s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>1930s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1930s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1940s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1940s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>1940s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1940s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1950s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1950s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>1950s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1950s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1960s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1960s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>1960s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1960s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1970s–1980s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1970s–1980s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>1970s–1980s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970s–1980s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1990s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>1990s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1990s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.10</span> <span>2000s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Firsts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Firsts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Firsts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Firsts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oldsmobile_Administrative_Building" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oldsmobile_Administrative_Building"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Oldsmobile Administrative Building</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oldsmobile_Administrative_Building-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Production</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Production-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Production subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Models" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Models"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Models</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Models-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Concept" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Concept"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Concept</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Concept-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Export_markets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Export_markets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Export markets</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Export_markets-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Export markets subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Export_markets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mexico" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mexico"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Mexico</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mexico-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marketing_themes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marketing_themes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Marketing themes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marketing_themes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corporate_image" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corporate_image"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Corporate image</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Corporate_image-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Corporate image subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Corporate_image-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Logo_evolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Logo_evolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Logo evolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Logo_evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Advertisements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Advertisements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Advertisements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Advertisements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Motorsport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Motorsport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Motorsport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Motorsport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Motorsport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Motorsport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-NASCAR" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#NASCAR"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>NASCAR</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-NASCAR-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IMSA_GT" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IMSA_GT"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>IMSA GT</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IMSA_GT-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IndyCar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IndyCar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>IndyCar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IndyCar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trans_Am_Series" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trans_Am_Series"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Trans Am Series</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trans_Am_Series-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Oldsmobile</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 34 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84" title="أولدزموبيل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أولدزموبيل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84" title="اولدزموبیل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اولدزموبیل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Олдсмобил – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Олдсмобил" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84" title="اولدزموبیل – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اولدزموبیل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%AC%EC%A6%88%EB%AA%A8%EB%B9%8C" title="올즈모빌 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="올즈모빌" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%93%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C" title="אולדסמוביל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אולדסמוביל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84" title="اولدزموبيل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اولدزموبيل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%BA%E3%83%A2%E3%83%93%E3%83%AB_(%E8%87%AA%E5%8B%95%E8%BB%8A)" title="オールズモビル (自動車) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オールズモビル (自動車)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Oldsmobile" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E8%8C%B2%E6%91%A9%E6%AF%94" title="奧茲摩比 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="奧茲摩比" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Former entry-level luxury division of General Motors</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Oldsmobile</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/64/Oldsmobile.png/200px-Oldsmobile.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/64/Oldsmobile.png 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="127" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:36._Oldsmobile_Headquarters_Facility.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/36._Oldsmobile_Headquarters_Facility.JPG/250px-36._Oldsmobile_Headquarters_Facility.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/36._Oldsmobile_Headquarters_Facility.JPG/375px-36._Oldsmobile_Headquarters_Facility.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/36._Oldsmobile_Headquarters_Facility.JPG/500px-36._Oldsmobile_Headquarters_Facility.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Oldsmobile building, pictured in 2008</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Olds Motor Vehicle Company</li><li>(1897–1899)</li><li>Olds Motor Works (1899–1942)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Division_(business)" title="Division (business)">Division</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">Automotive</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">August 21, 1897<span class="noprint">; 127 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1897-08-21</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Ransom_E._Olds" title="Ransom E. Olds">Ransom E. Olds</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Defunct</th><td class="infobox-data">April 29, 2004<span class="noprint">; 20 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend">2004-04-29</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fate</th><td class="infobox-data">Dissolved</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">Lansing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Frederic_L._Smith" title="Frederic L. Smith">Frederic L. Smith</a><br />Angus Smith<br /><a href="/wiki/Irving_Jacob_Reuter" title="Irving Jacob Reuter">Irving Jacob Reuter</a><br />A. B. C. Hardy<br /><a href="/wiki/John_Beltz" title="John Beltz">John Beltz</a><br />C. L. McCuen</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data">Standard and <a href="/wiki/Luxury_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Luxury vehicle">luxury</a> <a href="/wiki/Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile">automobiles</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Oldsmobile</b> (formally the <b>Oldsmobile Division of General Motors</b>) was a <a href="/wiki/Brand" title="Brand">brand</a> of American <a href="/wiki/Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile">automobiles</a>, produced for most of its existence by <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a>. Originally established as "Olds Motor Vehicle Company" by <a href="/wiki/Ransom_E._Olds" title="Ransom E. Olds">Ransom E. Olds</a> in 1897, it produced over 35 million vehicles, including at least 14 million built at its <a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">Lansing, Michigan</a>, factory alone. </p><p>During its time as a division of General Motors, Oldsmobile slotted into the middle of GM's five passenger car divisions (above <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet" title="Chevrolet">Chevrolet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pontiac_(automobile)" title="Pontiac (automobile)">Pontiac</a>, but below <a href="/wiki/Buick" title="Buick">Buick</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cadillac" title="Cadillac">Cadillac</a>). It was also noted for several groundbreaking technologies and designs. </p><p>Oldsmobile's sales peaked at over one million annually from 1983 to 1986, but by the 1990s the division faced growing competition from premium import brands, and sales steadily declined. When it shut down in 2004, Oldsmobile was the oldest surviving American automobile <a href="/wiki/Brand" title="Brand">brand</a>, and one of the oldest in the world, after <a href="/wiki/Peugeot" title="Peugeot">Peugeot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renault" title="Renault">Renault</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiat" title="Fiat">Fiat</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Opel" title="Opel">Opel</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Olds2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Olds2.jpg/150px-Olds2.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Olds2.jpg/225px-Olds2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Olds2.jpg/300px-Olds2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="389" data-file-height="495" /></a><figcaption>Ransom Eli Olds, the founder and namesake of Oldsmobile</figcaption></figure> <p>Oldsmobiles were first manufactured by the Olds Motor Vehicle Company in <a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">Lansing, Michigan</a>, a company founded by <a href="/wiki/Ransom_E._Olds" title="Ransom E. Olds">Ransom E. Olds</a> in 1897. In 1901 (the same year that <a href="/wiki/Horace_Elgin_Dodge" title="Horace Elgin Dodge">Horace</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Francis_Dodge" title="John Francis Dodge">John Dodge</a> won a contract to produce transmissions for the Oldsmobile company), the company produced 635 cars, making it the first high-volume gasoline-powered automobile manufacturer (electric car manufacturers such as <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Electric" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia Electric">Columbia Electric</a> and steam-powered car manufacturers such as <a href="/wiki/Locomobile_Company_of_America" title="Locomobile Company of America">Locomobile</a> had higher volumes a few years earlier). </p><p>Oldsmobile became the top-selling car company in the United States from 1903 to 1904. Ransom Olds left the company in 1904 because of a dispute with sales manager <a href="/wiki/Frederic_L._Smith" title="Frederic L. Smith">Frederic L. Smith</a>, who was questioning production techniques and wanted Mr. Olds to certify that each car that left the plant was free from defects. Mr. Smith then set up an experimental engineering shop without Mr. Olds' knowledge or consent, causing Mr. Olds to leave in 1904 and form the <a href="/wiki/REO_Motor_Car_Company" title="REO Motor Car Company">REO Motor Car Company</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was similar to the situation <a href="/wiki/Henry_Ford" title="Henry Ford">Henry Ford</a> experienced when he was forced out of the company he founded (the <a href="/wiki/Henry_Ford_Company" title="Henry Ford Company">Henry Ford Company</a>) before starting the <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford Motor Company</a> in 1903. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1904-oldsmobile-archives.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/1904-oldsmobile-archives.jpg/220px-1904-oldsmobile-archives.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/1904-oldsmobile-archives.jpg/330px-1904-oldsmobile-archives.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/1904-oldsmobile-archives.jpg/440px-1904-oldsmobile-archives.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>1904 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Model_6C" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Model 6C">Oldsmobile Model 6C</a> "Curved-Dashboard"</figcaption></figure> <p>The 1902 to 1907 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Curved_Dash" title="Oldsmobile Curved Dash">Oldsmobile Model R "Curved Dash"</a> was <a href="/wiki/List_of_automotive_superlatives" title="List of automotive superlatives">the first mass-produced car</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> made on a progressive moving automotive <a href="/wiki/Assembly_line" title="Assembly line">assembly line</a>, an invention which is often incorrectly credited to Henry Ford and the Ford Motor Company. Ford was the first to manufacture cars on a <i>continuously</i> moving and <i>synchronized</i> assembly line starting in 1913, five years into Model T production. Olds' moving assembly line was manually progressed, meaning that the vehicle being assembled was manually pushed to the next workstation after the assigned assembly was performed at the previous station. This differed from hand-made vehicles in the past where various workers would work on one car until it was completed and was labor- and time-intensive. </p><p>After Ransom Olds merged Olds Motor Vehicle Co. with the Olds Gas Engine Works in 1899, the newly formed entity was known as Olds Motor Works." The company moved to a new plant in Detroit, located at the corner of East Jefferson Avenue and <a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Bridge_(Detroit)" title="MacArthur Bridge (Detroit)">MacArthur Bridge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By March 1901, Olds Motor Works had a whole line of models ready for mass production. However, that month the factory caught fire and burned to the ground, destroying nearly all of the prototypes that were inside. The only car that survived the fire was a Curved Dash prototype, which was wheeled out of the factory by two workers while escaping the burning building.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While the factory was being rebuilt from insurance, many subcontractors were used to keep production going, including <a href="/wiki/Henry_M._Leland" title="Henry M. Leland">Henry M. Leland</a> for engine production and the <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Dodge Brothers">Dodge Brothers</a>. Olds was a strong competitor to other independent companies <a href="/wiki/Buick" title="Buick">Buick</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cadillac" title="Cadillac">Cadillac</a> before they became divisions of <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> between 1908 and 1909. Later after Mr. Olds left the company, Oldsmobile production was moved to <a href="/wiki/Lansing_Car_Assembly" title="Lansing Car Assembly">Lansing</a>. </p><p>Officially, the cars were called "Olds automobiles," but were colloquially referred to as "Oldsmobiles." It was this moniker, as applied especially to the Curved Dash Olds, that was popularized in the lyrics and title of the 1905 hit song "<a href="/wiki/In_My_Merry_Oldsmobile" title="In My Merry Oldsmobile">In My Merry Oldsmobile</a>". The last Oldsmobile Curved Dash was made in 1907. <a href="/wiki/General_Motors_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="General Motors Corporation">General Motors</a> purchased the company on November 12, 1908.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When GM assumed operations, platform sharing began with Buick products and Oldsmobile shared platforms were identified with the prefix "Series" followed by a number, while models developed by pre-GM engineers were identified with the prefix "Model" followed by a letter. Early on, Oldsmobile was a competitor to <a href="/wiki/Hudson_Motor_Car_Company" title="Hudson Motor Car Company">Hudson</a> as some former engineers of Oldsmobile took positions with Hudson. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1910s">1910s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1910s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1910_Oldsmobile_Limited_Tourer_(21243289970).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/1910_Oldsmobile_Limited_Tourer_%2821243289970%29.jpg/220px-1910_Oldsmobile_Limited_Tourer_%2821243289970%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/1910_Oldsmobile_Limited_Tourer_%2821243289970%29.jpg/330px-1910_Oldsmobile_Limited_Tourer_%2821243289970%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/1910_Oldsmobile_Limited_Tourer_%2821243289970%29.jpg/440px-1910_Oldsmobile_Limited_Tourer_%2821243289970%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>1910 Oldsmobile Limited</figcaption></figure> <p>The 1910 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Limited" title="Oldsmobile Limited">Limited Touring Series 23</a> was an early, ambitious high point for the company. Riding atop 42-inch (1067 mm) wheels, and equipped with factory "white" tires,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Limited was the prestige model in Oldsmobile's two model lineup, with the smaller <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Series_28" title="Oldsmobile Series 28">Oldsmobile Autocrat Series 32</a> having 36-inch wheels. </p><p>The Limited retailed for US$4,600, ($150,420 in 2023 dollars <sup id="cite_ref-inflation-US_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) an amount greater than the price of a new basic three-bedroom house. Buyers received goatskin upholstery, a 60 hp (45 kW) 707 <a href="/wiki/Cubic_inch_displacement" class="mw-redirect" title="Cubic inch displacement">CID</a> (11.6 L) <a href="/wiki/T-head_engine" title="T-head engine">T-head</a> <a href="/wiki/Straight-six" class="mw-redirect" title="Straight-six">straight-six</a> engine, Bosch Magneto starter, running boards and room for five. Options included a speedometer, clock, and a full glass windshield. A limousine version was priced at $5,800 ($189,660 in 2023 dollars <sup id="cite_ref-inflation-US_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). While Oldsmobile only sold 725 Limiteds in its three years of production, the car is best remembered for winning a race against the famed <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Limited" title="20th Century Limited">20th Century Limited</a> train, an event immortalized in the painting <i>Setting the Pace</i> by William Hardner Foster. </p><p>The Limited was at the time considered technologically advanced and cutting edge, if on the expensive side, but it established the division's reputation for innovation. The <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Series_40" title="Oldsmobile Series 40">Oldsmobile Series 40</a> was offered in 1912 and was considerably more affordable and smaller, and later the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Light_Eight" title="Oldsmobile Light Eight">Oldsmobile Light Eight</a> in 1916, Oldsmobile offered a <a href="/wiki/Northway_Motor_and_Manufacturing_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Northway Motor and Manufacturing Company">Northway</a>-designed <a href="/wiki/Cadillac_V8_engine#L-head" title="Cadillac V8 engine">flathead V8 engine</a> until 1923, while Buick remained with their division exclusive <a href="/wiki/Overhead_valve" class="mw-redirect" title="Overhead valve">overhead valve</a> <a href="/wiki/Buick_Straight-6_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Buick Straight-6 engine">straight-six engine</a> until 1930.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beginning in 1910, bodywork was supplied by <a href="/wiki/Fisher_Body" title="Fisher Body">Fisher Body</a>, a longstanding tradition that led to the company being eventually merged into GM in later years. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1920s">1920s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1920s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_Model_F-28_4-Door_Sedan_1928.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Oldsmobile_Model_F-28_4-Door_Sedan_1928.jpg/220px-Oldsmobile_Model_F-28_4-Door_Sedan_1928.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Oldsmobile_Model_F-28_4-Door_Sedan_1928.jpg/330px-Oldsmobile_Model_F-28_4-Door_Sedan_1928.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Oldsmobile_Model_F-28_4-Door_Sedan_1928.jpg/440px-Oldsmobile_Model_F-28_4-Door_Sedan_1928.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>1928 Oldsmobile 6 (Model F-28) 4-door sedan</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1926, the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Six" title="Oldsmobile Six">Oldsmobile Six</a> came in five body styles, and ushered in a new GM bodystyle platform called the "<a href="/wiki/GM_B_platform" class="mw-redirect" title="GM B platform">GM B platform</a>", shared with <a href="/wiki/Buick" title="Buick">Buick</a> products.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1929, as part of <a href="/wiki/General_Motors_Companion_Make_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="General Motors Companion Make Program">General Motors' companion make program</a>, Oldsmobile introduced the higher standard <a href="/wiki/Viking_(automobile)" title="Viking (automobile)">Viking</a> brand, marketed through the Oldsmobile dealer network. Viking was already discontinued at the end of the 1930 model year although an additional 353 cars were marketed as 1931 models. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1930s">1930s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1930s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1934-oldsmobile-archives.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/1934-oldsmobile-archives.jpg/220px-1934-oldsmobile-archives.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/1934-oldsmobile-archives.jpg/330px-1934-oldsmobile-archives.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/1934-oldsmobile-archives.jpg/440px-1934-oldsmobile-archives.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>1934 Oldsmobile 8 convertible coupe (Model L-34)</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 1930s, Oldsmobile produced two body styles of automobile, the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_F-Series" title="Oldsmobile F-Series">Series F</a> (straight-6 cylinder) and the longer <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_L-Series" title="Oldsmobile L-Series">Series L</a> (straight-8 cylinder).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1933 The <i><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Program" title="Oldsmobile Program">Oldsmobile Program</a></i> appeared on CBS radio for two years which was a new advertising approach to sell products and services. </p><p>In 1937, Oldsmobile was a pioneer in introducing a four-speed semi-automatic transmission called the "Automatic Safety Transmission", although this accessory was actually built by Buick, which would offer it in its own cars in 1938. This transmission features a conventional <a href="/wiki/Clutch" title="Clutch">clutch</a> pedal, which the driver presses before selecting either "low" or "high" range. In "low," the car shifts between first and second gears. In "high," the car shifts among first, third and fourth gears.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1940s">1940s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1940s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1940_Oldsmobile_Dynamic_Series_70_Sedan_(12492572503).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/1940_Oldsmobile_Dynamic_Series_70_Sedan_%2812492572503%29.jpg/220px-1940_Oldsmobile_Dynamic_Series_70_Sedan_%2812492572503%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/1940_Oldsmobile_Dynamic_Series_70_Sedan_%2812492572503%29.jpg/330px-1940_Oldsmobile_Dynamic_Series_70_Sedan_%2812492572503%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/1940_Oldsmobile_Dynamic_Series_70_Sedan_%2812492572503%29.jpg/440px-1940_Oldsmobile_Dynamic_Series_70_Sedan_%2812492572503%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>1940 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Series_70" title="Oldsmobile Series 70">Oldsmobile Series 70</a></figcaption></figure> <p>For the 1940 model, Oldsmobile was the first auto manufacturer to offer a fully <a href="/wiki/Automatic_transmission" title="Automatic transmission">automatic transmission</a>, called the "<a href="/wiki/Hydramatic" title="Hydramatic">Hydramatic</a>", which features four forward speeds. It has a gas pedal and a brake—no clutch pedal. The gear selector is on the steering column. </p><p>Starting in 1941 and continuing through 1999, Oldsmobile used a two-digit model designation. As originally implemented, the first digit signifies the body size while the second represents the number of cylinders. Body sizes were 6, 7, 8, and 9, and straight six- and straight eight-cylinder engines were offered. Thus, Oldsmobiles were named "<a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_66" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile 66">66</a>" through "<a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_98" title="Oldsmobile 98">98</a>". </p><p>Until January 1, 1942, the Division was still known by the still official name of Olds Motor Works, when it was changed to the collective name the cars were known as, "Oldsmobiles". Thus, the division was officially christened the Oldsmobile Division of General Motors. The last pre-war Oldsmobile rolled off the assembly line on February 5, 1942. During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Oldsmobile produced numerous kinds of material for the war effort, including large-caliber guns and shells. Production resumed on October 15, 1945, with a warmed-over 1942 model serving as the offering for 1946. </p><p>Oldsmobile once again was a pioneer when, for the 1949 model, the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_V8_engine" title="Oldsmobile V8 engine">Rocket</a> engine was introduced, which used an <a href="/wiki/Overhead_valve" class="mw-redirect" title="Overhead valve">overhead valve</a> V8 design rather than the <a href="/wiki/Flathead_engine" title="Flathead engine">flathead</a> "<a href="/wiki/Straight-eight" class="mw-redirect" title="Straight-eight">straight-eight</a>" design which prevailed at the time. The overhead valve was originally exclusive to Buick as they invented the technology and offered it on all of their products. This engine produced far more power than the other engines that were popular during that era, and found favor with hot-rodders and stock car racers. The basic design, with a few minor changes, endured until Oldsmobile redesigned its V8 engines in the mid-1960s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1950s">1950s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1950s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:50_Oldsmobile_88_(5996149524).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/50_Oldsmobile_88_%285996149524%29.jpg/220px-50_Oldsmobile_88_%285996149524%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/50_Oldsmobile_88_%285996149524%29.jpg/330px-50_Oldsmobile_88_%285996149524%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/50_Oldsmobile_88_%285996149524%29.jpg/440px-50_Oldsmobile_88_%285996149524%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>1950 Oldsmobile 88 badge</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_98_Convertible_1953.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Oldsmobile_98_Convertible_1953.jpg/220px-Oldsmobile_98_Convertible_1953.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Oldsmobile_98_Convertible_1953.jpg/330px-Oldsmobile_98_Convertible_1953.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Oldsmobile_98_Convertible_1953.jpg/440px-Oldsmobile_98_Convertible_1953.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="333" /></a><figcaption>1953 Oldsmobile 98 convertible</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_NinetyEight_1957_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Oldsmobile_NinetyEight_1957_2.JPG/220px-Oldsmobile_NinetyEight_1957_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Oldsmobile_NinetyEight_1957_2.JPG/330px-Oldsmobile_NinetyEight_1957_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Oldsmobile_NinetyEight_1957_2.JPG/440px-Oldsmobile_NinetyEight_1957_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>1957 Oldsmobile Starfire 98 Holiday sedan with "StratoRoof" rear window</figcaption></figure> <p>Oldsmobile entered the 1950s following a divisional image campaign centered on its 'Rocket' engines and the <a href="/wiki/Space_Race" title="Space Race">Space Race</a>, and its cars' appearance followed suit. Oldsmobile's Rocket V8 engine was the leader in performance; its cars were generally considered the fastest on the market; and by the mid-1950s their styling was among the first to offer a wide, "open maw" grille, suggestive of fighter jet propulsion. From 1948 to 1957, Oldsmobile adopted a ringed-globe emblem depicting North America to stress what marketers felt was its universal appeal. Starting in 1958, the grille logo changed again to reflect the rocket image, that was used throughout the late 1950s, the make used twin jet pod-styled taillights as a nod to its "Rocket" theme. Oldsmobile was among the first of General Motors' divisions to receive a true <a href="/wiki/Hardtop" title="Hardtop">hardtop</a> in 1950 called the "Holiday coupe" (Buick's version was called the "Riviera", and Cadillac's was called the "Coupe De Ville"), and it was also among the first divisions (along with Buick and Cadillac) to receive a wraparound windshield, a trend that eventually all American makes would share at sometime between 1953 and 1964. New for 1954 on 98 coupes and convertibles (Starfire) would be front and rear "sweep cut" fender styling, which would not show up on a Chevrolet until 1956 and not until 1957 on a Pontiac. 1953 models changed to a 12 volt electrical system that made starting easier. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_98_Coupe_1957.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Oldsmobile_98_Coupe_1957.jpg/220px-Oldsmobile_98_Coupe_1957.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Oldsmobile_98_Coupe_1957.jpg/330px-Oldsmobile_98_Coupe_1957.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Oldsmobile_98_Coupe_1957.jpg/440px-Oldsmobile_98_Coupe_1957.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="287" /></a><figcaption>1957 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Starfire" title="Oldsmobile Starfire">Oldsmobile Starfire</a> Ninety-Eight Holiday coupe</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 1950s the nomenclature changed again, and trim levels also received names that were then mated with the model numbers. This resulted in the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88" title="Oldsmobile 88">Oldsmobile 88</a> emerging as base <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Dynamic_88" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Dynamic 88">Dynamic 88</a> and the highline <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Super_88" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Super 88">Super 88</a>. Other full-size model names included the "Holiday" used on hardtops, and "Fiesta" used on its station wagons. When the 88 was retired in 1999 (with a Fiftieth Anniversary Edition), its length of service was the longest model name used on American cars after the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_New_Yorker" title="Chrysler New Yorker">Chrysler New Yorker</a>. Mid-1955 also saw the introduction of the four-door Holiday pillarless hardtop, the industry's first (along with Buick). </p><p>General Motors' styling as a whole lost its frontrunner status in 1957 when Chrysler introduced <a href="/wiki/Virgil_Exner" title="Virgil Exner">Virgil Exner</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Forward_look" class="mw-redirect" title="Forward look">forward look</a>" designs. When compared side to side, Oldsmobile looked dated next to its price-point competitors <a href="/wiki/DeSoto_(automobile)" title="DeSoto (automobile)">DeSoto</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(automobile)#1960s" title="Mercury (automobile)">Mercury</a>. Compounding the problem for Oldsmobile and Buick was a styling mistake which GM called the "StratoRoof", which was reminiscent of the "greenhouse" canopy used on the <a href="/wiki/Convair_B-36_Peacemaker" title="Convair B-36 Peacemaker">Convair B-36 Peacemaker</a> high altitude bomber. Both makes had models which contained the heavily framed rear window, but Detroit had been working with large curved backlights for almost a decade. Consumers disliked the roof and its blind spots, forcing GM to rush a redesign into production on some of its models. Oldsmobile's only off year in the 1950s was 1958. The nation was beginning to feel the results of its first significant post-war recession, and US automobile sales were down for the model year. Oldsmobile, Buick and Cadillac received a heavy-handed makeover of the 1957 GM designs. The Oldsmobile that emerged in 1958 bore little resemblance to the design of its forerunners; instead the car emerged as a large, over-decorated "chromemobile" which many felt had overly ostentatious styling. </p><p>Up front, all 1958 Oldsmobile's received one of General Motors' heavily styled front facias and quad-headlights. Streaking back from the edge of the headlights was a broad belt consisting of two strips of chrome on regular 88s, three strips on Super 88s, and three strips (top and bottom thin, inside thick) on 98s that ended in a point at mid-body. The bottom of the rear fender featured a thick stamping of a half tube that pointed forward, atop which was a chrome assembly of four horizontal chrome speed-lines that terminated into a vertical bar. The tail of the car featured massive vertical chrome taillight housings. Two chrome stars were fitted to the trunklid. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_eighty-eight_1958.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Oldsmobile_eighty-eight_1958.jpg/220px-Oldsmobile_eighty-eight_1958.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Oldsmobile_eighty-eight_1958.jpg/330px-Oldsmobile_eighty-eight_1958.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Oldsmobile_eighty-eight_1958.jpg/440px-Oldsmobile_eighty-eight_1958.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>1958 Oldsmobile Super 88 Holiday coupe</figcaption></figure> <p>Ford styling consultant <a href="/wiki/Alex_Tremulis" title="Alex Tremulis">Alex Tremulis</a> (designer of the <a href="/wiki/Tucker_48" title="Tucker 48">1948 Tucker sedan</a>) mocked the 1958 Oldsmobile by drawing cartoons of the car, and placing musical notes in the rear trim assembly. Another Detroit stylist employed by Ford bought a used 1958 Oldsmobile in the early 1960s, driving it daily to work. He detached and rearranged the <i>Oldsmobile</i> lettering above the grille to spell out <i>slobmodel</i> as a reminder to himself and co-workers of what "bad" auto design meant to their business. </p><p>In 1959, Oldsmobile models were completely redesigned with a rocket motif from front to rear, as the top of the front fenders had a chrome rocket, while the body-length fins were shaped as rocket exhausts which culminated in a fin-top taillight (concave on the 98 models while convex on the 88 models). The 1959 models also offered several roof treatments, such as the pillared sedan with a fastback rear window and the Holiday SportSedan, which was a flat-roofed pillarless hardtop with wraparound front and rear glass. The 1959 models were marketed as "the linear look", and also featured a bar-graph speedometer which showed a green indicator through 35 miles per hour (56 km/h), then changed to orange until 65 miles per hour (105 km/h), then was red above that until the highest speed read by the speedometer, 120 miles per hour (190 km/h). Power windows were available on the 98 models, as were two-speed electric windshield wipers with electrically powered windshield washers. The 88 still relied on vacuum-operated windshield wipers without a washer feature. 1959 Oldsmobiles were offered with "Autronic Eye" (a dashboard-mounted automatic headlight dimmer) as well as factory-installed air conditioning and power-operated front bench seat as available options. The 1959 body style was continued through the 1960 model year, but the fins were toned down for 1960 and the taillights were moved to the bottom of the fenders. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1960s">1960s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1960s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1962_Oldsmobile_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/1962_Oldsmobile_logo.svg/220px-1962_Oldsmobile_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/1962_Oldsmobile_logo.svg/330px-1962_Oldsmobile_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/1962_Oldsmobile_logo.svg/440px-1962_Oldsmobile_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="535" /></a><figcaption>From 1948 until 2004, Oldsmobile used a variety of logos employing a rocket theme that played off its Rocket line of V-8 engines. This image is stylistic variation of a rocket sitting on a launchpad.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1961_Oldsmobile_Starfire_convertible_front_right.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/1961_Oldsmobile_Starfire_convertible_front_right.jpg/220px-1961_Oldsmobile_Starfire_convertible_front_right.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/1961_Oldsmobile_Starfire_convertible_front_right.jpg/330px-1961_Oldsmobile_Starfire_convertible_front_right.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/1961_Oldsmobile_Starfire_convertible_front_right.jpg/440px-1961_Oldsmobile_Starfire_convertible_front_right.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5396" data-file-height="2576" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Starfire" title="Oldsmobile Starfire">Oldsmobile Starfire</a> (1961)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1967_Oldsmobile_442_(19998332116).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/1967_Oldsmobile_442_%2819998332116%29.jpg/220px-1967_Oldsmobile_442_%2819998332116%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/1967_Oldsmobile_442_%2819998332116%29.jpg/330px-1967_Oldsmobile_442_%2819998332116%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/1967_Oldsmobile_442_%2819998332116%29.jpg/440px-1967_Oldsmobile_442_%2819998332116%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4167" data-file-height="2774" /></a><figcaption>1967 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_442" title="Oldsmobile 442">Oldsmobile 442</a> sport coupe</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1966_Oldsmobile_Toronado_(9015293174).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/1966_Oldsmobile_Toronado_%289015293174%29.jpg/220px-1966_Oldsmobile_Toronado_%289015293174%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/1966_Oldsmobile_Toronado_%289015293174%29.jpg/330px-1966_Oldsmobile_Toronado_%289015293174%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/1966_Oldsmobile_Toronado_%289015293174%29.jpg/440px-1966_Oldsmobile_Toronado_%289015293174%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2896" data-file-height="1936" /></a><figcaption>1966 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Toronado" title="Oldsmobile Toronado">Oldsmobile Toronado</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1967_Oldsmobile_Cutlass_4_d._hardtop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/1967_Oldsmobile_Cutlass_4_d._hardtop.jpg/220px-1967_Oldsmobile_Cutlass_4_d._hardtop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/1967_Oldsmobile_Cutlass_4_d._hardtop.jpg/330px-1967_Oldsmobile_Cutlass_4_d._hardtop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/1967_Oldsmobile_Cutlass_4_d._hardtop.jpg/440px-1967_Oldsmobile_Cutlass_4_d._hardtop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="806" data-file-height="437" /></a><figcaption>1967 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Oldsmobile Cutlass</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1971_Oldsmobile_Vista_Cruiser,_Shoreview,_MN_(28259232507).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/1971_Oldsmobile_Vista_Cruiser%2C_Shoreview%2C_MN_%2828259232507%29.jpg/220px-1971_Oldsmobile_Vista_Cruiser%2C_Shoreview%2C_MN_%2828259232507%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/1971_Oldsmobile_Vista_Cruiser%2C_Shoreview%2C_MN_%2828259232507%29.jpg/330px-1971_Oldsmobile_Vista_Cruiser%2C_Shoreview%2C_MN_%2828259232507%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/1971_Oldsmobile_Vista_Cruiser%2C_Shoreview%2C_MN_%2828259232507%29.jpg/440px-1971_Oldsmobile_Vista_Cruiser%2C_Shoreview%2C_MN_%2828259232507%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="3376" /></a><figcaption>1971 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Vista_Cruiser" title="Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser">Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Notable achievements for Oldsmobile in the 1960s included the introduction of the first <a href="/wiki/Turbocharger" title="Turbocharger">turbocharged</a> engine and a factory <a href="/wiki/Water_injection_(engine)" title="Water injection (engine)">water injection</a> system in 1962 (the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_V8_engine#Turbo_Jetfire" title="Oldsmobile V8 engine">Turbo Jetfire</a>), the first modern <a href="/wiki/Front-wheel_drive" title="Front-wheel drive">front-wheel drive</a> car produced in the United States (the 1966 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Toronado" title="Oldsmobile Toronado">Toronado</a>), the <a href="/wiki/Vista_Cruiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Vista Cruiser">Vista Cruiser</a> station wagon (noted for its roof glass), and the upscale <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_442" title="Oldsmobile 442">442</a> <a href="/wiki/Muscle_car" title="Muscle car">muscle car</a>. Olds briefly used the names "Jetstar 88" (1964–1966) and <a href="/wiki/Delta_88" class="mw-redirect" title="Delta 88">Delmont 88</a> (1967–1968) on its least expensive full-size models in the 1960s. In 1968 the split grille appearance was introduced and remained a traditional feature until production ended in 2004. </p><p><b>Notable models for the 1960s:</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_442" title="Oldsmobile 442">Oldsmobile 442</a> – began as a 1964 muscle car option package (<i>4</i>-barrel carburetor, <i>4</i>-speed manual transmission, and <i>2</i> exhausts) on the F-85/Cutlass. In 1965, to better compete with the Pontiac GTO, the original 330 CID V8 rated at 310 hp (231 kW) was replaced by a new 400 CID V8 rated at 345 hp (257 kW). The 442 definition was changed to "4" hundred CID V8 engine, "4"-barrel carburetor, and "2" exhaust pipes, and was named by "Car Craft Nationals" as the "top car of 1965". In 1968 the 442 became its own model and got a larger, 455 CID (7.5 L), V8 engine in 1970.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Oldsmobile Cutlass</a> (1961–1999) – mid-size car. Oldsmobile's best seller in the 1970s and 1980s, and in some of those years America's best-selling car. In 1966 a top-line <a href="/wiki/Cutlass_Supreme" class="mw-redirect" title="Cutlass Supreme">Cutlass Supreme</a> was introduced as a four-door hardtop sedan with a more powerful 320 hp (239 kW) 330 CID Jetfire Rocket V8 than the regular F-85/Cutlass models, a more luxurious interior and other trimmings. In 1967 the Cutlass Supreme was expanded to a full series also including two-door hardtop and pillared coupes, a convertible and a four-door pillared sedan. It also came with a 6.6L 400 CID engine as an option in 1967.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_F-85" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile F-85">Oldsmobile F-85</a> (1961–1972) – compact sedan, coupe and station wagon powered by a 215 CID aluminum block V8 engine from 1961 to 1963. In 1964 the F-85 was upgraded to an intermediate-sized car and the aluminum V8 was replaced by conventional cast-iron six-cylinder and V8 engines. The Cutlass was initially the top model of the F-85 line but became a separate model by 1965 with the F-85 nameplate continued only on the lowest-priced models through the 1972 model year, after which all Oldsmobile intermediates were Cutlasses.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Vista_Cruiser" title="Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser">Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser</a> (1964–1977) – a stretched wheelbase Cutlass station wagon, which was stretched to 120" from 115" in the 1964-67 models and to 121" from 116" in the 1968-72 models, the stretched area being in the second-row seating area. This car featured an elevated roof over the rear seat and cargo area and glass skylights over the rear seating area, which consisted of a transverse skylight over the second seat (two-piece from 1964 to 1967, one-piece from 1968 to 1972) and small longitudinal skylights directly over the rear cargo-area windows, and also featured standard second-row sunvisors. The three-seat models featured forward-facing seating, at a time when most three-seat station wagons had the third row of seats facing the rear. From 1965 to 1970, it would be Oldsmobile's flagship station wagon, as no full-sized wagons were produced. The third-generation 1973-77 models no longer had skylights other than an optional front-row pop-up sunroof. This car was merely an up-line trim package on the Cutlass Supreme wagon and carried the Vista Cruiser nameplate rather than the Cutlass nameplate. The optional third seat was rear-facing in the third-generation Vista Cruiser.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Starfire" title="Oldsmobile Starfire">Oldsmobile Starfire</a> (1961–1966) – a sporty and luxurious hardtop coupe and convertible based on the 88. The Starfire featured interiors with leather bucket seats and a center console with floor shifter, along with a standard Hydra-Matic transmission, power steering and brakes (and power windows and seats on convertibles). It was powered by Oldsmobile's most powerful Rocket V8 engine, a 394 CID engine from 1961 to 1964 rated from 330 to 345 hp (257 kW), and a larger 425 CID Super Rocket V8 from 1965 to 1966, rated at 375 hp (280 kW).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Jetstar_I" title="Oldsmobile Jetstar I">Oldsmobile Jetstar I</a> (1964–1966) – life for the somewhat obscure Jetstar I started in 1964. It was designed to be a low-cost option to the successful full size Starfire series – more of a direct competitor to the <a href="/wiki/Pontiac_Grand_Prix" title="Pontiac Grand Prix">Pontiac Grand Prix</a>. Standard equipment included the 345 hp (257 kW) 394ci Starfire engine, vinyl bucket seats and console. Keeping the “sport” part of the Starfire, it possessed less of the luxury and glitz. It weighed in at 4028 pounds, and 16,084 were produced for 1964. It was a Starfire without the frills and was informally dubbed “the poor man’s Starfire”. Proving to be an ill-fated model, 1965 concluded the 2-year run for the Jetstar I. Only 6,552 were sold. The introduction of the Pontiac GTO and Oldsmobile 4-4-2 in 1964 insured the future of the musclecars were the intermediates, and the front-drive Toronado loomed big in Oldsmobile's future taking over the flagship status from the Starfire. Further confused with its lesser brethren with the Jetstar 88 nameplate, there was no way but out for the Jetstar I. And close examination of prices revealed that unless one bought a sparsely optioned JS1, there was little financial incentive to buy a JS1 over the Starfire. But lost in the mix was a high-performance car in the ’65 Jetstar I. Trimmed down to 3963#, the ’65 model was an overlooked performance car. The new 370 hp (276 kW) 425ci Starfire engine delivered 470 lb⋅ft (637 N⋅m) of torque, was durable, and was quite an improvement over the ’64 394. The new Oldsmobile Turbo Hydra-Matic transmission was a vast performance improvement over the previous “slim-jim” Hydra-Matic transmission. Also, Oldsmobile offered the Muncie 4-speed with Hurst shifter in ’65. Oldsmobile boasted in a 1965 press release that “a Jetstar I proved to be the top accelerator of the entire event” at the 1965 Pure Oil Performance Trials in Daytona beach. Those trials were sanctioned and supervised by NASCAR. <i>Note</i>: between 1964 and 1966, Oldsmobile named its least expensive full size model the Oldsmobile Jetstar 88 which the Jetstar I was not related to, and priced $500–$600 below the Jetstar I.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_88" class="mw-redirect" title="Delta 88">Oldsmobile Delta 88</a> (1949–1999) While the "88" series of Oldsmobile's date back to the 1940s, and were offered in a variety of trim levels, the introduction of the Delta 88, which superseded the Super 88 line as Olds' mid-level full-sized vehicles, was a watershed event for the division. Better trimmed than the low price Dynamic 88 range, but available in a wider range of body styles than the Super 88 had been, the Delta range was an immediate hit with car buyers. It quickly overshadowed the Dynamic 88 line. To pump life into the Dynamic 88 range, Oldsmobile renamed it the Delmont 88 for 1967. However, the Delta continued to climb in popularity to the point where Oldsmobile dropped the Delmont range at the end of the 1968 model run. Eventually the Delta 88 was joined by the Delta 88 Royale, a premium trimmed Delta. The Delta continued to be Oldsmobile's most popular full size line. In an attempt to modernize marketing efforts as Oldsmobile's fortunes declined, the "Delta" name was dropped in 1989, but the car lived on as the Eighty-Eight until Oldsmobile ended its production in 1999.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Toronado" title="Oldsmobile Toronado">Oldsmobile Toronado</a> (1966–1992) – a front-wheel-drive coupe in the <a href="/wiki/Personal_luxury_car" title="Personal luxury car">personal luxury car</a> category, introduced in 1966. At the time, the largest and most powerful front-wheel-drive car ever produced, and one of the first modern front-wheel-drive cars equipped with an automatic transmission. The original Toronado was powered by a 425 CID Super Rocket V8 engine rated at 385 hp (287 kW), mated to a three-speed Turbo Hydra-Matic transmission. The Toronado was <i><a href="/wiki/Motor_Trend" title="Motor Trend">Motor Trend</a></i> magazine's 1966 "car of the year".</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1970s–1980s"><span id="1970s.E2.80.931980s"></span>1970s–1980s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1970s–1980s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1972_Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Supreme_Hardtop_--_10-19-2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/1972_Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Supreme_Hardtop_--_10-19-2010.jpg/220px-1972_Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Supreme_Hardtop_--_10-19-2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/1972_Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Supreme_Hardtop_--_10-19-2010.jpg/330px-1972_Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Supreme_Hardtop_--_10-19-2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/1972_Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Supreme_Hardtop_--_10-19-2010.jpg/440px-1972_Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Supreme_Hardtop_--_10-19-2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1619" data-file-height="782" /></a><figcaption>1972 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Supreme" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme">Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_Delta_88_convertible.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Oldsmobile_Delta_88_convertible.jpg/220px-Oldsmobile_Delta_88_convertible.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Oldsmobile_Delta_88_convertible.jpg/330px-Oldsmobile_Delta_88_convertible.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Oldsmobile_Delta_88_convertible.jpg/440px-Oldsmobile_Delta_88_convertible.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="1248" /></a><figcaption>1973 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Delta_88" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Delta 88">Oldsmobile Delta 88</a> Convertible</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_Omega_Sedan_1977_(5064154616).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Oldsmobile_Omega_Sedan_1977_%285064154616%29.jpg/220px-Oldsmobile_Omega_Sedan_1977_%285064154616%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Oldsmobile_Omega_Sedan_1977_%285064154616%29.jpg/330px-Oldsmobile_Omega_Sedan_1977_%285064154616%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Oldsmobile_Omega_Sedan_1977_%285064154616%29.jpg/440px-Oldsmobile_Omega_Sedan_1977_%285064154616%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>1977 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Omega" title="Oldsmobile Omega">Oldsmobile Omega</a> sedan</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Early_Olds_Cutlass_Ciera.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Early_Olds_Cutlass_Ciera.jpg/220px-Early_Olds_Cutlass_Ciera.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Early_Olds_Cutlass_Ciera.jpg/330px-Early_Olds_Cutlass_Ciera.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Early_Olds_Cutlass_Ciera.jpg/440px-Early_Olds_Cutlass_Ciera.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2233" data-file-height="1127" /></a><figcaption>1982 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Ciera" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera">Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_Delta_88_sedan_--_03-22-2012.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Oldsmobile_Delta_88_sedan_--_03-22-2012.JPG/220px-Oldsmobile_Delta_88_sedan_--_03-22-2012.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Oldsmobile_Delta_88_sedan_--_03-22-2012.JPG/330px-Oldsmobile_Delta_88_sedan_--_03-22-2012.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Oldsmobile_Delta_88_sedan_--_03-22-2012.JPG/440px-Oldsmobile_Delta_88_sedan_--_03-22-2012.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2456" data-file-height="1440" /></a><figcaption>1987 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Delta_88" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Delta 88">Oldsmobile Delta 88</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1995_Oldsmobile_Eighty-Eight_Royale_in_silver.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/1995_Oldsmobile_Eighty-Eight_Royale_in_silver.jpg/220px-1995_Oldsmobile_Eighty-Eight_Royale_in_silver.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/1995_Oldsmobile_Eighty-Eight_Royale_in_silver.jpg/330px-1995_Oldsmobile_Eighty-Eight_Royale_in_silver.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/1995_Oldsmobile_Eighty-Eight_Royale_in_silver.jpg/440px-1995_Oldsmobile_Eighty-Eight_Royale_in_silver.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>1994 Oldsmobile Eighty-Eight Royale</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1996_Oldsmobile_Aurora_in_Silver_Teal_(front_left_side).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/1996_Oldsmobile_Aurora_in_Silver_Teal_%28front_left_side%29.jpg/220px-1996_Oldsmobile_Aurora_in_Silver_Teal_%28front_left_side%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/1996_Oldsmobile_Aurora_in_Silver_Teal_%28front_left_side%29.jpg/330px-1996_Oldsmobile_Aurora_in_Silver_Teal_%28front_left_side%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/1996_Oldsmobile_Aurora_in_Silver_Teal_%28front_left_side%29.jpg/440px-1996_Oldsmobile_Aurora_in_Silver_Teal_%28front_left_side%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="987" /></a><figcaption>First Generation <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Aurora#First_generation_(1995–1999)" title="Oldsmobile Aurora">Oldsmobile Aurora</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_Alero_sedan_--_03-16-2012.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Oldsmobile_Alero_sedan_--_03-16-2012.JPG/220px-Oldsmobile_Alero_sedan_--_03-16-2012.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Oldsmobile_Alero_sedan_--_03-16-2012.JPG/330px-Oldsmobile_Alero_sedan_--_03-16-2012.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Oldsmobile_Alero_sedan_--_03-16-2012.JPG/440px-Oldsmobile_Alero_sedan_--_03-16-2012.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1534" data-file-height="826" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Alero" title="Oldsmobile Alero">Oldsmobile Alero</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The 1970s and 1980s were good years for the Oldsmobile division; sales soared (reaching an all-time high of 1,066,122 in 1985) based on popular designs, positive reviews from critics, and perceived quality and reliability, with the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Cutlass</a> series becoming North America's top-selling car by 1976. By this time, Olds had displaced Pontiac and Plymouth as the third best-selling brand in the U.S. behind Chevrolet and Ford. In the late 1970s and again in the mid-1980s, model-year production topped one million units, something only Chevrolet and Ford had achieved. </p><p>The very popularity of Oldsmobile's cars created a problem for the division in the late 1970s, however. At that time, each General Motors division produced its own V8 engines, and in 1977, Oldsmobile, Chevrolet, Pontiac, and Buick each produced a unique 350-cubic-inch displacement V8. It was during the 1977 model year that demand exceeded production capacity for the Oldsmobile V8 and as a result, Oldsmobile began equipping most full-size Delta 88 models (those with Federal emissions specifications) with the Chevrolet 350 engine instead. Although it was widely debated whether there was a difference in quality or performance between the two engines, there was no question that the engines were different from one another. Many customers were loyal Oldsmobile buyers who specifically wanted the Rocket V8, and did not discover that their vehicle had the Chevrolet engine until they performed maintenance and discovered that purchased parts did not fit. This became a <a href="/wiki/Public_relations" title="Public relations">public relations</a> nightmare for GM.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following this debacle, disclaimers stating that "Oldsmobiles are equipped with engines produced by various GM divisions" were tacked onto advertisements and sales literature; all other GM divisions followed suit. In addition, GM quickly stopped associating engines with particular divisions and to this day, all GM engines are produced by "GM Powertrain" (GMPT) and are called GM "Corporate" engines instead of GM "Division" engines. Although it was the popularity of the Oldsmobile division vehicles that prompted this change, declining sales of V8 engines would have made this change inevitable as all but the Chevrolet version of the 350-cubic-inch engine were eventually discontinued. </p><p>Oldsmobile also introduced a 5.7L (350 cu-in) V8 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Diesel_engine" title="Oldsmobile Diesel engine">diesel engine</a> option on its Custom Cruiser, Delta 88 and 98 models in 1978; and a smaller 4.3L (260 cu-in) displacement V8 diesel on the 1979 Cutlass Salon and Cutlass Supreme/Cutlass Calais models. These were largely based on corresponding gasoline engines but with heavier duty cast blocks, redesigned heads and fast glow plugs; and on the 5.7L, oversized cranks, main bearings and wrist pins. There were several problems with these engines, including water and corrosion in the injectors (no water separator in the fuel line); paraffin clogging of fuel lines and filters in cold weather; reduced lubrication in the heads due to undersized oil galleys; head bolt failures; and the use of aluminum rockers and stanchions in the 4.3L V8 engines. While the 5.7L was also offered on various Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, and Pontiac models, it was eventually discontinued by all divisions in 1985. V6 diesels of 4.3L displacement were also offered between 1982 and 1985. In 1988 the then all-new 1988 Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme Pace car was the first production car with <a href="/wiki/Automotive_head-up_display" title="Automotive head-up display">heads up display</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Notable models</b>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Supreme" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme">Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme</a> (1966–1997) – more performance and luxury than the lower-priced Cutlass and Cutlass S models, fitting in at the lower end of the <a href="/wiki/Personal_luxury_car" title="Personal luxury car">personal luxury car</a> market. Models were similar to the <a href="/wiki/Pontiac_Grand_Prix" title="Pontiac Grand Prix">Pontiac Grand Prix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Monte_Carlo" title="Chevrolet Monte Carlo">Chevrolet Monte Carlo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Buick_Regal" title="Buick Regal">Buick Regal</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88" title="Oldsmobile 88">Oldsmobile 88</a> (1949–1999) – Oldsmobile full-sized family coupe and sedan. Led Oldsmobile sales from 1950 to 1974. Downsized in 1977, became front-wheel-drive in 1986. The first-generation 88 is reputed to have inspired the song "<a href="/wiki/Rocket_88" title="Rocket 88">Rocket 88</a>" – arguably the first rock & roll record.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_98" title="Oldsmobile 98">Oldsmobile 98</a> (1941–1996) – Oldsmobile full-sized luxury coupe and sedan that was downsized in 1977 and 1985, became front-wheel-drive in 1985.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Toronado" title="Oldsmobile Toronado">Oldsmobile Toronado</a> (1966–1992) – personal luxury coupe, major redesign downsized the car in 1979 then again in 1986, <i>Motor Trend</i> Car of the Year in '66.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Omega" title="Oldsmobile Omega">Oldsmobile Omega</a> (1973–1984) – European flavored compact car originally based on the Chevrolet Nova and later the <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Citation" title="Chevrolet Citation">Chevrolet Citation</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Calais" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Calais">Oldsmobile Calais (or Cutlass Calais)</a> (1985–1991) – popular compact coupe and sedan on GM's "N-body" platform, similar to the Pontiac Grand Am. The series' name was taken from what was formerly the high-end option package for Cutlass Supreme models.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Ciera" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera">Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera</a> (1982–1996) – popular selling upscale mid-sized car based on GM's <a href="/wiki/GM_A_platform_(FWD)" class="mw-redirect" title="GM A platform (FWD)">A platform</a>. During its run, the Cutlass Ciera was Oldsmobile's best-selling model. It consistently ranked among the highest-rated vehicles by J. D. Power and Associates; it was ranked the "Best in Price Class" on July 30, 1992, and the "Top-Ranked American-Made Car" on May 28, 1992. It was also named "Safe Car of the Year" by <i>Prevention</i> magazine on March 6, 1992.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Custom_Cruiser" title="Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser">Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser</a> (1971–1992) – full-size station wagon. Downsized in 1977. Within Oldsmobile, the Custom Cruiser shared its trim with either (or both) the Oldsmobile Delta 88 or Oldsmobile Ninety-Eight; following the further downsizing of Oldsmobile sedans in 1986, the Custom Cruiser effectively became a stand-alone model line. With the discontinuation of the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Supreme#Fourth_generation_(1978–1988)" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme">Cutlass Supreme Classic</a> in 1988, the Custom Cruiser became the sole Oldsmobile sold with rear-wheel drive.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Starfire" title="Oldsmobile Starfire">Oldsmobile Starfire</a> (1975–1980) – sporty <a href="/wiki/Subcompact" class="mw-redirect" title="Subcompact">subcompact</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hatchback" title="Hatchback">hatchback</a> coupe similar to the <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Monza" title="Chevrolet Monza">Chevrolet Monza</a>, which was itself, based on the <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Vega" title="Chevrolet Vega">Chevrolet Vega</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Firenza" title="Oldsmobile Firenza">Oldsmobile Firenza</a> (1982–1988) – compact sedan, hatchback, coupe, and station wagon based on GM's J-body, sharing the same platform with the <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Cavalier" title="Chevrolet Cavalier">Chevrolet Cavalier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pontiac_Sunbird" title="Pontiac Sunbird">Pontiac Sunbird</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buick_Skyhawk" title="Buick Skyhawk">Buick Skyhawk</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cadillac_Cimarron" title="Cadillac Cimarron">Cadillac Cimarron</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1990s">1990s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1990s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the tremendous success of the 1970s and 1980s, things changed quickly for Oldsmobile, and by the early 1990s the brand had lost its place in the market (as annual sales had fallen from a record high of 1,066,122 in 1985 to just 402,936 in 1993), squeezed between other GM divisions, and with competition from new upscale import makes <a href="/wiki/Acura" title="Acura">Acura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Infiniti" title="Infiniti">Infiniti</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lexus" title="Lexus">Lexus</a>. GM continued to use Oldsmobile sporadically to showcase futuristic designs and as a "<a href="/wiki/Guinea_pig" title="Guinea pig">guinea pig</a>" for testing new technology, with Oldsmobile offering the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Toronado#Fourth_generation_(1986–1992)" title="Oldsmobile Toronado">Toronado Trofeo</a>, which included a visual instrument system with a calendar, datebook, climate controls and several prototypes built in conjunction with Avis with an early satellite-based navigation system. For 1995, Oldsmobile introduced the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Aurora" title="Oldsmobile Aurora">Aurora</a>, which would be the inspiration for the design of its cars from the mid-1990s onward. The introduction of the Aurora marked as General Motors' catalyst to reposition Oldsmobile as an upscale import fighter. Accordingly, Oldsmobile received a new logo based on the familiar "rocket" theme. Also in 1995 Oldsmobile introduced the first satellite navigation system available in the United States, the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Oldsmobile_Guidestar" title="Oldsmobile 88">Guidestar</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_LSS" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile LSS">1995 Oldsmobile 88</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nearly all the existing model names were gradually phased out: the Cutlass Calais in 1991, the Toronado and Custom Cruiser in 1992, the Ninety-Eight and Ciera (formerly Cutlass Ciera) in 1996, Cutlass Supreme in 1997, and finally the Eighty-Eight and Cutlass (which had only been around since '97) in 1999. They were replaced with newer, more modern models with designs inspired by the Aurora. </p><p><b>Redesigned and new models introduced from 1990 to 2004:</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Achieva" title="Oldsmobile Achieva">Oldsmobile Achieva</a> (1992–1998) – compact sedan & coupe</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Alero" title="Oldsmobile Alero">Oldsmobile Alero</a> (1999–2004) – compact sport sedan & coupe</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Aurora" title="Oldsmobile Aurora">Oldsmobile Aurora</a> (1995–2003) – full-size luxury/performance sedan (redesigned for 2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Bravada" title="Oldsmobile Bravada">Oldsmobile Bravada</a> (1991–2004) – mid-size premium <a href="/wiki/Sport_utility_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport utility vehicle">Sport utility vehicle</a> (redesigned for 1996 and 2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Custom_Cruiser" title="Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser">Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser</a> (1971–1992) – full-size station wagon. (Redesigned for 1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Oldsmobile Cutlass</a> (1997–1999) – mid-size sedan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Eighty_Eight" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Eighty Eight">Oldsmobile Eighty Eight</a> (1949–1999) – full-size premium sedan (redesigned for 1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Intrigue" title="Oldsmobile Intrigue">Oldsmobile Intrigue</a> (1998–2002) – mid-size luxury/sport sedan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Ninety-Eight" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Ninety-Eight">Oldsmobile Ninety-Eight</a> (1941–1996) – full-size luxury sedan (redesigned for 1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Silhouette" title="Oldsmobile Silhouette">Oldsmobile Silhouette</a> (1990–2004) – premium <a href="/wiki/Minivan" title="Minivan">minivan</a> (redesigned for 1997)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000s">2000s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 2000s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In spite of Oldsmobile's critical successes since the mid-1990s, a reported shortfall in sales and overall profitability prompted <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> to announce in December 2000 its plans to shut down the Oldsmobile organization. That announcement was officially revealed two days after Oldsmobile distributed the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Bravada" title="Oldsmobile Bravada">Bravada</a> <a href="/wiki/Sport_utility_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport utility vehicle">SUV</a> – which became another critical hit for the division but turned out to be the final new model for the Oldsmobile brand. </p><p>The phaseout was conducted on the following schedule: </p> <ul><li>February 2001: The 2002 <b><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Bravada" title="Oldsmobile Bravada">Bravada</a></b>, the company's last new model, hits Oldsmobile showrooms</li> <li>June 2002: Production ends for <b><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Intrigue" title="Oldsmobile Intrigue">Intrigue</a></b> and the <b><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Aurora" title="Oldsmobile Aurora">Aurora V6</a></b> sedans</li> <li>March 2003: <b><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Aurora" title="Oldsmobile Aurora">Aurora V8</a></b> sedan production ends</li> <li>January 2004: <b><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Bravada" title="Oldsmobile Bravada">Bravada</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Sport_utility_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport utility vehicle">SUV</a> production ends</li> <li>March 2004: <b><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Silhouette" title="Oldsmobile Silhouette">Silhouette</a></b> minivan production ends</li> <li>April 2004: <b><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Alero" title="Oldsmobile Alero">Alero</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Compact_car" title="Compact car">compact car</a> production ends</li></ul> <p>The last 500 Aleros, Auroras, Bravadas, Silhouettes and Intrigues produced received special Oldsmobile heritage emblems and markings which signified 'Final 500'. All featured a unique Dark Cherry Metallic paint scheme. Auroras and Intrigues would be accompanied by special Final 500 literature. However, only the Intrigue, Aurora, Bravada, and Alero had all Final 500 models built; the Silhouette only had 360 built as a result of the plant running out of production capacity due to fleet order obligations for minivans on the same assembly line.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The Oldsmobile division's last completed production car was an Alero GLS 4-door sedan, which was signed by all of the Olds assembly line workers. It was on display at the <a href="/wiki/R._E._Olds_Transportation_Museum" title="R. E. Olds Transportation Museum">R. E. Olds Transportation Museum</a> located in Lansing, Michigan until GM's bankruptcy, when it retook possession of the car. It was then located at the GM Heritage Center in <a href="/wiki/Sterling_Heights,_Michigan" title="Sterling Heights, Michigan">Sterling Heights</a>, Michigan. In December 2017, the car headed to New York where it was auctioned off at a dealer-only auction for $42,000 to a Florida dealer. Also sold at the auction were a 1999 Cutlass and a 1996 Ciera. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Firsts">Firsts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Firsts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the 107 years of Oldsmobile's existence, it was known for being a guinea pig for new technologies and firsts. </p> <ul><li>1898 – Olds Motor Vehicle Company exports a steam powered automobile to <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, making it the first exported American car.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1901 – The first speedometer to be offered on a production car was on an Oldsmobile Curved Dash.</li> <li>1901 – Oldsmobile became the first car company to procure parts from third-party suppliers.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1901 – Olds produces 635 cars, becoming the first high-volume producer of gasoline automobiles.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1901 – Oldsmobile was the first auto manufacturer to publicly promote their vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1902 – The Oldsmobile Curved Dash becomes the first mass-produced vehicle in America.</li> <li>1903 – Olds builds the first purpose built Mail Truck.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1908 – Oldsmobile becomes a division of GM, and rebadges the <a href="/wiki/Buick_Model_B" title="Buick Model B">Buick Model B</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Model_20" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Model 20">Oldsmobile Model 20</a>, creating arguably the first badge-engineered automobile.</li> <li>1915 – First standard windshield.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1926 – Oldsmobile was the first car company to use chrome plating on its trim.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1929 – Oldsmobile creates the first Monobloc V8 engine in its Viking Sister-brand.</li> <li>1932 – Oldsmobile introduces the first automatic choke.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1935 – Oldsmobile offers the first all steel roof on an automobile.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1940 – Oldsmobile introduces the <a href="/wiki/Hydramatic" title="Hydramatic">Hydra-Matic</a>, the first production fully automatic transmission.</li> <li>1948 – Oldsmobile, along with Buick and Cadillac begin offering one piece compound curved windshields. Prior to this, windshields were split in the middle.</li> <li>1949 – Oldsmobile introduces the first high-compression, OHV V8 engine the <i>Rocket</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1952 – Oldsmobile, introduces the "Autronic Eye" – the first automatic headlight dimming system.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1953 – Oldsmobile becomes one of the earliest automakers to switch their complete line up to the newly standardized 12v charging system. Buick Roadmasters and Cadillacs were other early adopters.</li> <li>1962 – Oldsmobile creates first production turbocharged car, the Oldsmobile F-85 Jetfire.</li> <li>1962 – Oldsmobile creates first production car with water injection, the Oldsmobile F-85 Jetfire.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1966 – The Toronado is the first mass-produced front-wheel-drive American car.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1969 – First use of chromed ABS plastic exterior trim, on the 1969 Oldsmobile Toronado.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1969 – First production electric grid window defogger on an American car, the 1969 Oldsmobile Toronado.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>1971 – The Oldsmobile Toronado was arguably the first production car with a high mounted brake light. The taillights were supplemented by a pair of eye-level stop and signal lamps set in slots just below the rear window.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1974 – The Toronado is the first American car to offer a driver-side airbag, a feature later shared with Buick and Cadillac.</li> <li>1977 – The Toronado is the first production American car with a microprocessor to run engine controls.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1982 – First use of high-impact moulded plastic body components – 1982 Oldsmobile Omega <sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1986 – Oldsmobile along with Buick introduces the <a href="/wiki/Dayton_Engineering_Laboratories_Co." class="mw-redirect" title="Dayton Engineering Laboratories Co.">Delco</a> VIC touchscreen interface on the Oldsmobile Toronado and the Buick Riviera first of its kind on a production Automobile.</li> <li>1988 – The first production heads-up display system – 1988 Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme Indy Pace car.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1988 – Oldsmobile broke a world closed-course speed record with the Oldsmobile Aerotech at 267 mph, driven by legendary race car driver <a href="/wiki/A._J._Foyt" title="A. J. Foyt">A. J. Foyt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1990 – Oldsmobile introduces an updated color Touchscreen interface with built in cellular phone (a predecessor to modern infotainment systems) on the 1990 Oldsmobile Toronado Trofeo.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1995 – Oldsmobile presented Guidestar, the first on-board navigation system to be offered on a US production car.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1997 – Oldsmobile is the first American car company to turn 100.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2001 – The fully redesigned 2002 Oldsmobile Bravada SUV became the first truck ever to pace the Indianapolis 500.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oldsmobile_Administrative_Building">Oldsmobile Administrative Building</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Oldsmobile Administrative Building"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 200,000 square-foot Oldsmobile Administration Building, also known as Building 70, was completed in 1966 to accommodate the company's major administration departments. Located at 920 Townsend Avenue, at what is currently the GM <a href="/wiki/Lansing_Grand_River_Assembly" title="Lansing Grand River Assembly">Lansing Grand River Assembly</a> plant,<sup id="cite_ref-bldg70_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bldg70-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the project was constructed by Michigan contractor Utley-James, with architectural design contracted by GMAC.<sup id="cite_ref-bldg70_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bldg70-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The headquarters accommodated about 900 employees in a <a href="/wiki/Modern_Architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern Architecture">Modern</a> design with exterior marble and <a href="/wiki/Curtain_wall_(architecture)" title="Curtain wall (architecture)">curtain walls</a> reminiscent of the <a href="/wiki/General_Motors_Technical_Center" title="General Motors Technical Center">General Motors Technical Center</a>. Approach walkways integrated snow melting units, and the design incorporated interior and exterior artwork. The building has two prominent interconnected towers in the northeast corner: a six-level north wing and a four-level south wing. The building's two-story lobby featured a sunken visitor waiting area, a place to display a current Oldsmobile, and a reception area, 'floating' within a water pool.<sup id="cite_ref-bldg70_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bldg70-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Oldsmobile commissioned two prominent sculptures by noted sculptor <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Cashwan" title="Samuel Cashwan">Samuel Cashwan</a>, who had previously served on the General Motors Styling Staff. The exterior Cashwan sculpture, titled <i>Open Cage</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-cage_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cage-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> previously located outside the Admin Building's primary entrance, was donated in 2006, to be placed at the entrance to the <a href="/wiki/R.E._Olds_Transportation_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="R.E. Olds Transportation Museum">R.E. Olds Transportation Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sign_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sign-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The east wall of the penthouse featured the brand's name, spaced out letter by letter—signage which was removed in 2006<sup id="cite_ref-billboard_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-billboard-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and subsequently also gifted to the Lansing R.E. Olds Transportation Museum.<sup id="cite_ref-sign_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sign-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1996, the company's remaining employees relocated to Detroit's <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_Center" title="Renaissance Center">Renaissance Center</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bldg70_39-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bldg70-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Oldsmobile_vehicles" title="List of Oldsmobile vehicles">List of Oldsmobile vehicles</a></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Model Year(s)</th> <th>Model</th> <th>H.P. Rating</th> <th>Cyl.</th> <th>Remarks </th></tr> <tr> <td>1901–1903</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Curved_Dash" title="Oldsmobile Curved Dash">Curved Dash</a> Model R</td> <td>5</td> <td>1</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1902</td> <td>Pirate</td> <td>7</td> <td>1</td> <td>Racer </td></tr> <tr> <td>1904</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Curved_Dash" title="Oldsmobile Curved Dash">Curved Dash</a> Model 6C</td> <td>7</td> <td>1</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1904</td> <td>Model T</td> <td>10</td> <td>1</td> <td>a.k.a. "Light Tonneau" </td></tr> <tr> <td>1904–1905</td> <td>Model N</td> <td>7</td> <td>1</td> <td>a.k.a. "Touring Runabout" </td></tr> <tr> <td>1905–1906</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Curved_Dash" title="Oldsmobile Curved Dash">Curved Dash</a> Model B</td> <td>7</td> <td>1</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1905</td> <td>Side Entrance Tonneau</td> <td>20</td> <td>2</td> <td>5-passenger </td></tr> <tr> <td>1906</td> <td>Model L</td> <td></td> <td>2, opposed</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1906</td> <td>Model S</td> <td></td> <td>4</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1907</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Curved_Dash" title="Oldsmobile Curved Dash">Curved Dash</a> Model F</td> <td>7</td> <td>1</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1907</td> <td>Model H</td> <td></td> <td>4</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1907</td> <td>Model A</td> <td></td> <td>4</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1908</td> <td>Model M / MR</td> <td></td> <td>4</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1908–1909</td> <td>Model X</td> <td></td> <td>4</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1908–1909</td> <td>Model Z</td> <td>40</td> <td>6</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1909</td> <td>20</td> <td>22</td> <td>4</td> <td>Derived from Buick 10 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1909</td> <td>Model D / DR</td> <td></td> <td>4</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1910</td> <td>Special</td> <td>40</td> <td>4</td> <td>Replaces all previous 4-cylinder cars </td></tr> <tr> <td>1910–1912</td> <td>Limited</td> <td>60</td> <td>6</td> <td>Introduced 1909 as 1910 model </td></tr> <tr> <td>1911</td> <td>Special</td> <td>36</td> <td>4</td> <td>Compressed-air starter (all) </td></tr> <tr> <td>1911-12</td> <td>Autocrat</td> <td>40</td> <td>4</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1912–1913</td> <td>Defender</td> <td>35</td> <td>4</td> <td>el. Starter & lighting (all) </td></tr> <tr> <td>1913</td> <td>53</td> <td>50</td> <td>6</td> <td>Replaces Limited and Autocrat </td></tr> <tr> <td>1914–1915</td> <td>42</td> <td>20</td> <td>4</td> <td>"Baby-Olds" </td></tr> <tr> <td>1914</td> <td>54</td> <td>50</td> <td>6</td> <td>"6th Generation Six" </td></tr> <tr> <td>1915-16</td> <td>43</td> <td>30</td> <td>6</td> <td>"4th Generation Four" </td></tr> <tr> <td>1915</td> <td>55</td> <td>50</td> <td>6</td> <td>"6th Generation Six" </td></tr> <tr> <td>1916</td> <td>44 "Light Eight"</td> <td></td> <td>V-8</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1917</td> <td>45 "Light Eight"</td> <td></td> <td>V-8</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1918</td> <td>45A "Light Eight"</td> <td></td> <td>V-8</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Models">Models</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Models"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li>Oldsmobile Six (Series F)</li> <li>Oldsmobile Eight (Series L)</li> <li>Oldsmobile Deluxe</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Series_60" title="Oldsmobile Series 60">Oldsmobile 66 and 68</a> (1939–1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Series_70" title="Oldsmobile Series 70">Oldsmobile 76 and 78</a> (1946–1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_98" title="Oldsmobile 98">Oldsmobile 98</a> (1941–1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88" title="Oldsmobile 88">Oldsmobile 88</a> (1949–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_F-85" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile F-85">Oldsmobile F-85</a> (1961–1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Starfire" title="Oldsmobile Starfire">Oldsmobile Starfire</a> (1961–1966 & 1975–1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Jetstar_I" title="Oldsmobile Jetstar I">Oldsmobile Jetstar I</a> (1964–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Vista_Cruiser" title="Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser">Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser</a> (1964–1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Oldsmobile Cutlass</a> (1964–1977, 1980–1981 & 1997–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Toronado" title="Oldsmobile Toronado">Oldsmobile Toronado</a> (1966–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Supreme" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme">Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme</a> (1967–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_442" title="Oldsmobile 442">Oldsmobile 442</a> (1968–1980 & 1985–1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Custom_Cruiser" title="Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser">Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser</a> (1971–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Omega" title="Oldsmobile Omega">Oldsmobile Omega</a> (1973–1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Salon" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Salon">Oldsmobile Cutlass Salon</a> (1973–1980 & 1985–1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Cruiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Cruiser">Oldsmobile Cutlass Cruiser</a> (1978–1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Firenza" title="Oldsmobile Firenza">Oldsmobile Firenza</a> (1982–1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Ciera" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera">Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera</a> (1982–1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Calais" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais">Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais</a> (1985–1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Touring_Sedan" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Touring Sedan">Oldsmobile Touring Sedan</a> (1987–1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Silhouette" title="Oldsmobile Silhouette">Oldsmobile Silhouette</a> (1990–2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Bravada" title="Oldsmobile Bravada">Oldsmobile Bravada</a> (1991–2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Achieva" title="Oldsmobile Achieva">Oldsmobile Achieva</a> (1992–1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Aurora" title="Oldsmobile Aurora">Oldsmobile Aurora</a> (1995–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Intrigue" title="Oldsmobile Intrigue">Oldsmobile Intrigue</a> (1998–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Alero" title="Oldsmobile Alero">Oldsmobile Alero</a> (1999–2004)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Concept">Concept</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Concept"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Starfire" title="Oldsmobile Starfire">Oldsmobile Starfire</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Oldsmobile Cutlass</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_F-88" title="Oldsmobile F-88">Oldsmobile F-88</a> (1954)</li> <li>Oldsmobile 88 Delta (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Golden_Rocket" title="Oldsmobile Golden Rocket">Oldsmobile Golden Rocket</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_F-88" title="Oldsmobile F-88">Oldsmobile F-88 Mark II</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_F-88" title="Oldsmobile F-88">Oldsmobile F-88 Mark III</a> (1959)</li> <li>Oldsmobile X-215 (1962)</li> <li>Oldsmobile El Torero (1963)</li> <li>Oldsmobile J-TR (1963)</li> <li>Oldsmobile Thor by Ghia (1967)</li> <li>Oldsmobile Incas by ItalDesign (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Aerotech" title="Oldsmobile Aerotech">Oldsmobile Aerotech</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Aerotech_III" title="Oldsmobile Aerotech III">Oldsmobile Aerotech III</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Tube_Car" title="Oldsmobile Tube Car">Oldsmobile Tube Car</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Expression" title="Oldsmobile Expression">Oldsmobile Expression</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Achieva" title="Oldsmobile Achieva">Oldsmobile Achieva</a> (1991)</li> <li>Oldsmobile Anthem (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Antares" title="Oldsmobile Antares">Oldsmobile Antares</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Alero_Alpha" title="Oldsmobile Alero Alpha">Oldsmobile Alero Alpha</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Recon" title="Oldsmobile Recon">Oldsmobile Recon</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Profile" title="Oldsmobile Profile">Oldsmobile Profile</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_O4" title="Oldsmobile O4">Oldsmobile O4</a> (2001)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Export_markets">Export markets</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Export markets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, the range was limited, with the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Silhouette" title="Oldsmobile Silhouette">Oldsmobile Silhouette</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Bravada" title="Oldsmobile Bravada">Oldsmobile Bravada</a> being unavailable to Canadian consumers until much later in their production life. </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Oldsmobile Cutlass</a> (1997–1999 version) was not offered there.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Silhouette" title="Oldsmobile Silhouette">Oldsmobile Silhouette</a> was sold in Canada from 1998 onwards, unlike in the United States.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Bravada" title="Oldsmobile Bravada">Oldsmobile Bravada</a> was unavailable in Canada until its third generation in 2002; previous models sold in Canada were <a href="/wiki/Grey_import_vehicle" title="Grey import vehicle">grey import vehicles</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mexico">Mexico</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Mexico"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, all Oldsmobile models were sold under the <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet" title="Chevrolet">Chevrolet</a> brand.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Black_Pontiac_Trans_Sport_fr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Black_Pontiac_Trans_Sport_fr.jpg/220px-Black_Pontiac_Trans_Sport_fr.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Black_Pontiac_Trans_Sport_fr.jpg/330px-Black_Pontiac_Trans_Sport_fr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Black_Pontiac_Trans_Sport_fr.jpg/440px-Black_Pontiac_Trans_Sport_fr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2469" data-file-height="1543" /></a><figcaption>Pontiac Trans Sport</figcaption></figure> <p>For the European market, the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Silhouette" title="Oldsmobile Silhouette">Oldsmobile Silhouette</a> was sold between 1994 and 1997 as the <a href="/wiki/Pontiac_Trans_Sport" title="Pontiac Trans Sport">Pontiac Trans Sport</a> by replacing the Oldsmobile badging with <a href="/wiki/Pontiac_(automobile)" title="Pontiac (automobile)">Pontiac</a> badging, along with Pontiac wheels. Sales in Europe were good for an American import, but did not represent enough volume to make a distinct model economically feasible for the European market. Its successors were both the <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Trans_Sport" class="mw-redirect" title="Chevrolet Trans Sport">Chevrolet Trans Sport</a> (second generation Pontiac Trans Sport rebadged as a Chevrolet) (LWB), and the <a href="/wiki/Opel_Sintra" title="Opel Sintra">Opel/Vauxhall Sintra</a> (SWB). </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chevrolet_Alero_front_20080121.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chevrolet_Alero_front_20080121.jpg/220px-Chevrolet_Alero_front_20080121.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chevrolet_Alero_front_20080121.jpg/330px-Chevrolet_Alero_front_20080121.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chevrolet_Alero_front_20080121.jpg/440px-Chevrolet_Alero_front_20080121.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1833" data-file-height="1182" /></a><figcaption>Chevrolet Alero</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Alero" title="Oldsmobile Alero">Oldsmobile Alero</a> was sold in select countries in Europe (and <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>) between 1999 and 2001 as the <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet" title="Chevrolet">Chevrolet</a> Alero, and was only available as a 4-door <a href="/wiki/Sedan_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sedan (car)">sedan</a>. The car still featured its Oldsmobile badges even though sold under the Chevrolet brand, but since most European consumers would not recognize the badging, <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet" title="Chevrolet">Chevrolet</a> badges were added to the grille and rear fascia for the 2000 model year. The Alero featured Chevrolet emblems throughout its entire run in Israel. The Alero was replaced in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> by the <a href="/wiki/GM_Daewoo" class="mw-redirect" title="GM Daewoo">GM Daewoo</a>-sourced <a href="/wiki/Daewoo_Magnus" title="Daewoo Magnus">Chevrolet Evanda/Epica</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marketing_themes">Marketing themes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Marketing themes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Early on in its history, Olds enjoyed a healthy public relations boost from the 1905 hit song <i><a href="/wiki/In_My_Merry_Oldsmobile" title="In My Merry Oldsmobile">In My Merry Oldsmobile</a></i>. The same theme—a fast, powerful Olds car helping the driver romance the opposite sex—was updated in the 1950s with the iconic hit <i><a href="/wiki/Rocket_88" title="Rocket 88">Rocket 88</a></i>. </p><p>The strong public relations efforts by GM in the 1950s was epitomized in the <a href="/wiki/Motorama" class="mw-redirect" title="Motorama">Motorama</a>, a "one company" auto show extravaganza. Millions of Americans attended, in a spirit not unlike a "mini-<a href="/wiki/World%27s_Fair" class="mw-redirect" title="World's Fair">World's Fair</a>". Every GM division had a "Dream Car". Oldsmobile's dream/concept car was called "The Golden Rocket". </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1970_Oldsmobile_442_07-27-2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/1970_Oldsmobile_442_07-27-2019.jpg/220px-1970_Oldsmobile_442_07-27-2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/1970_Oldsmobile_442_07-27-2019.jpg/330px-1970_Oldsmobile_442_07-27-2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/1970_Oldsmobile_442_07-27-2019.jpg/440px-1970_Oldsmobile_442_07-27-2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>1970 Oldsmobile 442</figcaption></figure> <p>The Dr. Oldsmobile theme was one of Oldsmobile's most successful marketing campaigns in the early '70s, it involved fictional characters created to promote the wildly popular 442 muscle car. 'Dr. Oldsmobile' was a tall lean professor type who wore a white lab coat. His assistants included 'Elephant Engine Ernie' who represented the big block 455 Rocket engine. 'Shifty Sidney' was a character who could be seen swiftly shifting his hand using a Hurst shifter. 'Wind Tunnel Waldo' had slicked back hair that appeared to be constantly wind blown. He represented Oldsmobile's wind tunnel testing, that produced some of the sleekest designs of the day. Another character included 'Hy Spy' who had his ear to the ground as he checked out the competition. </p><p>A public relations campaign in the late 1980s proclaimed that this was "not your father's Oldsmobile." The company produced a series of television ads during this time; said ads featured the offspring of various celebrities, and sometimes the celebrity in question. These ads included: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frankie_Avalon" title="Frankie Avalon">Frankie Avalon</a> Jr.</li> <li>Cary Bettenhausen, son of race driver <a href="/wiki/Gary_Bettenhausen" title="Gary Bettenhausen">Gary Bettenhausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noel_Blanc" title="Noel Blanc">Noel Blanc</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Mel_Blanc" title="Mel Blanc">Mel Blanc</a></li> <li>Jay Carpenter, son of astronaut <a href="/wiki/Scott_Carpenter" title="Scott Carpenter">Scott Carpenter</a></li> <li>Amanda Graves, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Peter_Graves" title="Peter Graves">Peter Graves</a></li> <li>Richard Hall, son of <a href="/wiki/Monty_Hall" title="Monty Hall">Monty Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wynonna_Judd" title="Wynonna Judd">Wynonna Judd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_Moore" title="Deborah Moore">Deborah Moore</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Roger_Moore" title="Roger Moore">Roger Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Nimoy" title="Julie Nimoy">Julie Nimoy</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Nimoy" title="Leonard Nimoy">Leonard Nimoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Marie_Presley" title="Lisa Marie Presley">Lisa Marie Presley</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Elvis_Presley" title="Elvis Presley">Elvis Presley</a></li> <li>Jodi Serling, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Rod_Serling" title="Rod Serling">Rod Serling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanie_Shatner" title="Melanie Shatner">Melanie Shatner</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/William_Shatner" title="William Shatner">William Shatner</a></li> <li>Lee Starr, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Ringo_Starr" title="Ringo Starr">Ringo Starr</a></li> <li>David and <a href="/wiki/Gina_Belafonte" title="Gina Belafonte">Gina Belafonte</a>, son and daughter of <a href="/wiki/Harry_Belafonte" title="Harry Belafonte">Harry Belafonte</a></li></ul> <p>Ironically, many fans of the brand say that the declining sales were in fact caused by "The New Generation of Oldsmobile" campaign, as the largest market for Oldsmobiles was the population whose parents had, in fact, owned Oldsmobiles and that by going away from the traditional vehicles that Oldsmobile's brand was built upon, lost many loyal buyers and put the brand on a collision course with <a href="/wiki/Pontiac_(automobile)" title="Pontiac (automobile)">Pontiac</a> and <a href="/wiki/Buick" title="Buick">Buick</a>, which led to internal cannibalization and a downfall from which it could never recover. Oldsmobile's final major ad campaign had the slogan "Start Something" in a last-ditch effort to market to younger buyers at the turn of the millennium.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Corporate_image">Corporate image</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Corporate image"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Logo_evolution">Logo evolution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Logo evolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248256098">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{border:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_first_logo.png" class="mw-file-description" title="1897"><img alt="1897" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Oldsmobile_first_logo.png/80px-Oldsmobile_first_logo.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Oldsmobile_first_logo.png/120px-Oldsmobile_first_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Oldsmobile_first_logo.png/160px-Oldsmobile_first_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="428" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1897</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_logo_1919.png" class="mw-file-description" title="1919"><img alt="1919" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Oldsmobile_logo_1919.png/180px-Oldsmobile_logo_1919.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Oldsmobile_logo_1919.png 1.5x" data-file-width="236" data-file-height="80" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1919</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_logo_1960.png" class="mw-file-description" title="1960"><img alt="1960" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Oldsmobile_logo_1960.png/30px-Oldsmobile_logo_1960.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Oldsmobile_logo_1960.png/45px-Oldsmobile_logo_1960.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Oldsmobile_logo_1960.png/60px-Oldsmobile_logo_1960.png 2x" data-file-width="112" data-file-height="443" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1960</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_logo_used_from_1981_until_1997.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="1981"><img alt="1981" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Oldsmobile_logo_used_from_1981_until_1997.svg/133px-Oldsmobile_logo_used_from_1981_until_1997.svg.png" decoding="async" width="133" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Oldsmobile_logo_used_from_1981_until_1997.svg/200px-Oldsmobile_logo_used_from_1981_until_1997.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Oldsmobile_logo_used_from_1981_until_1997.svg/267px-Oldsmobile_logo_used_from_1981_until_1997.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="225" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1981</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Advertisements">Advertisements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Advertisements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 124px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 122px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_1902-1228.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Galveston Daily News, December 28, 1902"><img alt="Galveston Daily News, December 28, 1902" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Oldsmobile_1902-1228.jpg/183px-Oldsmobile_1902-1228.jpg" decoding="async" width="122" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Oldsmobile_1902-1228.jpg/274px-Oldsmobile_1902-1228.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Oldsmobile_1902-1228.jpg/366px-Oldsmobile_1902-1228.jpg 2x" data-file-width="757" data-file-height="745" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Galveston Daily News</i>, December 28, 1902</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 83.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 81.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_Ad_1905.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Detroit Medical Journal, 1903"><img alt="Detroit Medical Journal, 1903" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Oldsmobile_Ad_1905.jpg/122px-Oldsmobile_Ad_1905.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Oldsmobile_Ad_1905.jpg/184px-Oldsmobile_Ad_1905.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Oldsmobile_Ad_1905.jpg/245px-Oldsmobile_Ad_1905.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="1586" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Detroit Medical Journal</i>, 1903</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 64px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 62px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_1904-0930.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Syracuse Post-Standard, September 30, 1904"><img alt="Syracuse Post-Standard, September 30, 1904" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Oldsmobile_1904-0930.jpg/93px-Oldsmobile_1904-0930.jpg" decoding="async" width="62" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Oldsmobile_1904-0930.jpg/140px-Oldsmobile_1904-0930.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Oldsmobile_1904-0930.jpg/187px-Oldsmobile_1904-0930.jpg 2x" data-file-width="812" data-file-height="1563" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Syracuse Post-Standard</i>, September 30, 1904</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 112.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 110.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_1906-0407_model-s.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Syracuse Herald, April 7, 1906"><img alt="Syracuse Herald, April 7, 1906" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Oldsmobile_1906-0407_model-s.jpg/166px-Oldsmobile_1906-0407_model-s.jpg" decoding="async" width="111" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Oldsmobile_1906-0407_model-s.jpg/248px-Oldsmobile_1906-0407_model-s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Oldsmobile_1906-0407_model-s.jpg/331px-Oldsmobile_1906-0407_model-s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="648" data-file-height="704" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Syracuse Herald</i>, April 7, 1906</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_1906_Ad.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sunset, June–July 1906"><img alt="Sunset, June–July 1906" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Oldsmobile_1906_Ad.jpg/121px-Oldsmobile_1906_Ad.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Oldsmobile_1906_Ad.jpg/182px-Oldsmobile_1906_Ad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Oldsmobile_1906_Ad.jpg/242px-Oldsmobile_1906_Ad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="970" data-file-height="1440" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Sunset</i>, June–July 1906</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 106px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 104px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_1908-0508.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="La Crosse Tribune, May 8, 1908"><img alt="La Crosse Tribune, May 8, 1908" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Oldsmobile_1908-0508.jpg/156px-Oldsmobile_1908-0508.jpg" decoding="async" width="104" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Oldsmobile_1908-0508.jpg/235px-Oldsmobile_1908-0508.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Oldsmobile_1908-0508.jpg/313px-Oldsmobile_1908-0508.jpg 2x" data-file-width="820" data-file-height="943" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>La Crosse Tribune</i>, May 8, 1908</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 136.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 134.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_1910-0423.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mansfield News, April 23, 1910"><img alt="Mansfield News, April 23, 1910" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Oldsmobile_1910-0423.jpg/202px-Oldsmobile_1910-0423.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Oldsmobile_1910-0423.jpg/303px-Oldsmobile_1910-0423.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Oldsmobile_1910-0423.jpg/404px-Oldsmobile_1910-0423.jpg 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="669" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Mansfield News</i>, April 23, 1910</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 104px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 102px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_1910-0611.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Syracuse Post-Standard, June 11, 1910"><img alt="Syracuse Post-Standard, June 11, 1910" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Oldsmobile_1910-0611.jpg/153px-Oldsmobile_1910-0611.jpg" decoding="async" width="102" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Oldsmobile_1910-0611.jpg/230px-Oldsmobile_1910-0611.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Oldsmobile_1910-0611.jpg/306px-Oldsmobile_1910-0611.jpg 2x" data-file-width="764" data-file-height="898" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Syracuse Post-Standard</i>, June 11, 1910</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Motorsport">Motorsport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Motorsport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NASCAR">NASCAR</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: NASCAR"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Oldsmobile is especially known for its competition in <a href="/wiki/NASCAR" title="NASCAR">NASCAR</a>. Beginning with the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88" title="Oldsmobile 88">Rocket 88</a>, Oldsmobile proved heavily competitive in <a href="/wiki/Stock_car_racing" title="Stock car racing">stock car racing</a>. In the Sixties, the Rocket 88 was replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_442" title="Oldsmobile 442">442</a>. Eventually, the Cutlass would lead Oldsmobile into the Eighties before GM reduced its entries to Chevrolet and Pontiac in the Nineties. It was the restyled body of the Cutlass Supreme that (along with the <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Monte_Carlo" title="Chevrolet Monte Carlo">Chevrolet Monte Carlo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buick_Regal" title="Buick Regal">Buick Regal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pontiac_Grand_Prix" title="Pontiac Grand Prix">Pontiac Grand Prix</a>) ushered in the downsized cars into NASCAR cup competition. While the Cutlass looked almost identical to the <a href="/wiki/Buick_Regal" title="Buick Regal">Buick Regal</a> (which scored 35+ victories in the 1981 thru 1985 seasons), the Cutlass (like the <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Mirada" title="Dodge Mirada">Dodge Mirada</a>) didn't take one checkered flag, and many teams moved away from it in 1983 to the Regal, Grand Prix, and restyled Monte Carlo SS. This was a rude awakening to Oldsmobile, which was getting used to wins on the NASCAR circuit. The body style of the 1988 to 1992 Cutlass proved to be a winner for NASCAR competition and it visited the victory circle 13 times between 1989 and 1992, when Oldsmobile ended its racing program.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IMSA_GT">IMSA GT</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: IMSA GT"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/IMSA_GT_Championship" title="IMSA GT Championship">IMSA GT Championship</a>, Oldsmobile would provide power for <a href="/wiki/Group_C" title="Group C">IMSA GT Prototypes</a> alongside Chevrolet and Buick. The Cutlass was used in IMSA GTO along with other vehicles also being used in Trans Am and NASCAR. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IndyCar">IndyCar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: IndyCar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Oldsmobile was an engine supplier in the <a href="/wiki/IndyCar_Series" title="IndyCar Series">IndyCar Series</a> along with Infiniti, starting in 1997 and ending in 2001. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trans_Am_Series">Trans Am Series</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Trans Am Series"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cutlass was used in the <a href="/wiki/Trans_Am_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans Am Series">Trans Am Series</a> during the 1980s. Many vehicles also being used in NASCAR at the time were used in Trans Am and IMSA GTO. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers" title="List of automobile manufacturers">List of automobile manufacturers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_automobile_manufacturers_of_the_United_States" title="List of defunct automobile manufacturers of the United States">List of defunct automobile manufacturers of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Diesel_engine" title="Oldsmobile Diesel engine">Oldsmobile Diesel engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Quad_4_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Quad 4 engine">Oldsmobile Quad 4 engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_straight-6_engine" title="Oldsmobile straight-6 engine">Oldsmobile straight-6 engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_V8_engine" title="Oldsmobile V8 engine">Oldsmobile V8 engine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biography.yourdictionary.com/ransom-e-olds">"Biography of Ransom E. Olds"</a>. <i>Your Dictionary</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201204054047/https://biography.yourdictionary.com/ransom-e-olds">Archived</a> from the original on December 4, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Your+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Biography+of+Ransom+E.+Olds&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbiography.yourdictionary.com%2Fransom-e-olds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HQdTa9ZXlVAC&q=Ransom+Olds+and+assembly+line&pg=PA29"><i>Michigan Yesterday & Today</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Voyageur_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Voyageur Press">Voyageur Press</a>. 2009. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781616731380" title="Special:BookSources/9781616731380"><bdi>9781616731380</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211221031541/https://books.google.com/books?id=HQdTa9ZXlVAC&q=Ransom+Olds+and+assembly+line&pg=PA29">Archived</a> from the original on December 21, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Michigan+Yesterday+%26+Today&rft.pub=Voyageur+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781616731380&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHQdTa9ZXlVAC%26q%3DRansom%2BOlds%2Band%2Bassembly%2Bline%26pg%3DPA29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171206032206/http://detroit1701.org/Ransom%20Olds%20Plaque.html">"Ransom Eli Olds Commemorative Marker"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://detroit1701.org/Ransom%20Olds%20Plaque.html">the original</a> on December 6, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 4,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ransom+Eli+Olds+Commemorative+Marker&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdetroit1701.org%2FRansom%2520Olds%2520Plaque.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKate_Sullivan" class="citation web cs1">Kate Sullivan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hemmings.com/stories/2013/03/09/this-day-in-history-oldsmobile-factory-burns-down">"This Day in History: Oldsmobile factory burns down"</a>. <i>www.hemmings.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 4,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hemmings.com&rft.atitle=This+Day+in+History%3A+Oldsmobile+factory+burns+down&rft.au=Kate+Sullivan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hemmings.com%2Fstories%2F2013%2F03%2F09%2Fthis-day-in-history-oldsmobile-factory-burns-down&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://automotivehistory.org/automotive/november-12-1908-gm-buys-oldsmobile/">"November 12, 1908 - GM buys Oldsmobile"</a>. November 12, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806004504/https://automotivehistory.org/automotive/november-12-1908-gm-buys-oldsmobile/">Archived</a> from the original on August 6, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 8,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=November+12%2C+1908+-+GM+buys+Oldsmobile&rft.date=2016-11-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fautomotivehistory.org%2Fautomotive%2Fnovember-12-1908-gm-buys-oldsmobile%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ultimatecarpage.com/car/2149/Oldsmobile-Limited-Touring.html">"1910 1912 Oldsmobile Limited"</a>. <i>ultimatecarpage</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210814171911/https://www.ultimatecarpage.com/car/2149/Oldsmobile-Limited-Touring.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 5,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ultimatecarpage&rft.atitle=1910+1912+Oldsmobile+Limited&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ultimatecarpage.com%2Fcar%2F2149%2FOldsmobile-Limited-Touring.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-inflation-US-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">1634–1699: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCusker1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCusker" title="John J. McCusker">McCusker, J. J.</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44525121.pdf"><i>How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/American_Antiquarian_Society" title="American Antiquarian Society">American Antiquarian Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Much+Is+That+in+Real+Money%3F+A+Historical+Price+Index+for+Use+as+a+Deflator+of+Money+Values+in+the+Economy+of+the+United+States%3A+Addenda+et+Corrigenda&rft.pub=American+Antiquarian+Society&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=McCusker&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanantiquarian.org%2Fproceedings%2F44525121.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span> 1700–1799: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCusker1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCusker" title="John J. McCusker">McCusker, J. J.</a> (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44517778.pdf"><i>How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/American_Antiquarian_Society" title="American Antiquarian Society">American Antiquarian Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Much+Is+That+in+Real+Money%3F+A+Historical+Price+Index+for+Use+as+a+Deflator+of+Money+Values+in+the+Economy+of+the+United+States&rft.pub=American+Antiquarian+Society&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=McCusker&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanantiquarian.org%2Fproceedings%2F44517778.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span> 1800–present: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFederal_Reserve_Bank_of_Minneapolis" class="citation web cs1">Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.minneapolisfed.org/about-us/monetary-policy/inflation-calculator/consumer-price-index-1800-">"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 29,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consumer+Price+Index+%28estimate%29+1800%E2%80%93&rft.au=Federal+Reserve+Bank+of+Minneapolis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.minneapolisfed.org%2Fabout-us%2Fmonetary-policy%2Finflation-calculator%2Fconsumer-price-index-1800-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xr793.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/1923-Oldsmobile-47-Light-Eight.pdf">"Oldsmobile Light Eight brochure"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220130215836/https://www.xr793.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/1923-Oldsmobile-47-Light-Eight.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on January 30, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oldsmobile+Light+Eight+brochure&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.xr793.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2017%2F02%2F1923-Oldsmobile-47-Light-Eight.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121120211158/http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Oldsmobile/1926%20Oldsmobile/album/1926%20Oldsmobile%20Foldout-03.html">"Directory Index: Oldsmobile/1926 Oldsmobile/Album"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Oldsmobile/1926%20Oldsmobile/album/1926%20Oldsmobile%20Foldout-03.html">the original</a> on November 20, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 10,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Directory+Index%3A+Oldsmobile%2F1926+Oldsmobile%2FAlbum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oldcarbrochures.com%2Fstatic%2FNA%2FOldsmobile%2F1926%2520Oldsmobile%2Falbum%2F1926%2520Oldsmobile%2520Foldout-03.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200712221819/https://www.griotsgarage.com/text/content/havingfun/about-our-cover-cars/hb371.html">"Handbook 371: 1938 Oldsmobile F38 Slantback Sedan"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.griotsgarage.com/text/content/havingfun/about-our-cover-cars/hb371.html">the original</a> on July 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Handbook+371%3A+1938+Oldsmobile+F38+Slantback+Sedan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.griotsgarage.com%2Ftext%2Fcontent%2Fhavingfun%2Fabout-our-cover-cars%2Fhb371.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=79oDAAAAMBAJ&dq=Popular+Science+1933+plane+%22Popular+Mechanics%22&pg=PA166">"Automatic Transmission Saves Gas And Power"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140716123850/http://books.google.com/books?id=79oDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA166&dq=Popular+Science+1933+plane+%22Popular+Mechanics%22&hl=en&ei=RasMTuyGFYifsQLC3sGzCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC0Q6AEwATgK#v=onepage&q&f=true">Archived</a> July 16, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Popular_Mechanics" title="Popular Mechanics">Popular Mechanics</a></i>, August 1937</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMateja1977" class="citation news cs1">Mateja, James (March 13, 1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130501202459/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/615466102.html?dids=615466102:615466102&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Mar+13%2C+1977&author=&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=GM+engine+lawsuit%3A+When+does+Olds+become+a+Chevrolet%3F&pqatl=google">"GM engine lawsuit: When does Olds become a Chevrolet?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/615466102.html?dids=615466102:615466102&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Mar+13%2C+1977&author=&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=GM+engine+lawsuit%3A+When+does+Olds+become+a+Chevrolet%3F&pqatl=google">the original</a> on May 1, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 7,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=GM+engine+lawsuit%3A+When+does+Olds+become+a+Chevrolet%3F&rft.date=1977-03-13&rft.aulast=Mateja&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpqasb.pqarchiver.com%2Fchicagotribune%2Faccess%2F615466102.html%3Fdids%3D615466102%3A615466102%26FMT%3DABS%26FMTS%3DABS%3AAI%26type%3Dhistoric%26date%3DMar%2B13%252C%2B1977%26author%3D%26pub%3DChicago%2BTribune%26desc%3DGM%2Bengine%2Blawsuit%253A%2BWhen%2Bdoes%2BOlds%2Bbecome%2Ba%2BChevrolet%253F%26pqatl%3Dgoogle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStuart1978" class="citation news cs1">Stuart, Reginald (April 3, 1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1978/04/03/archives/gms-image-under-fire-in-new-type-of-lawsuit-latest-charges.html">"G.M.'s Image Under Fire In New Type of Lawsuit; Latest Charges Challenge Internal Operations, Not Size Factors Credibility and Durability 'A Set of Principles' G.M. Image Assailed in New Cases Murkier Waters Today 'Little Attention' Given Approach Challenged"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170718171942/http://www.nytimes.com/1978/04/03/archives/gms-image-under-fire-in-new-type-of-lawsuit-latest-charges.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 18, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=G.M.%27s+Image+Under+Fire+In+New+Type+of+Lawsuit%3B+Latest+Charges+Challenge+Internal+Operations%2C+Not+Size+Factors+Credibility+and+Durability+%27A+Set+of+Principles%27+G.M.+Image+Assailed+in+New+Cases+Murkier+Waters+Today+%27Little+Attention%27+Given+Approach+Challenged&rft.date=1978-04-03&rft.aulast=Stuart&rft.aufirst=Reginald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1978%2F04%2F03%2Farchives%2Fgms-image-under-fire-in-new-type-of-lawsuit-latest-charges.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://auto.howstuffworks.com/car-driving-safety/safety-regulatory-devices/head-up-display2.htm">"How Head-up Displays Work"</a>. April 17, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191007170649/https://auto.howstuffworks.com/car-driving-safety/safety-regulatory-devices/head-up-display2.htm">Archived</a> from the original on October 7, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+Head-up+Displays+Work&rft.date=2012-04-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fauto.howstuffworks.com%2Fcar-driving-safety%2Fsafety-regulatory-devices%2Fhead-up-display2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ndrive.com/brief-history-gps-car-navigation/">"A brief History of GPS In-Car Navigation"</a>. April 9, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200627062509/https://ndrive.com/brief-history-gps-car-navigation/">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+brief+History+of+GPS+In-Car+Navigation&rft.date=2018-04-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fndrive.com%2Fbrief-history-gps-car-navigation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hemmings.com/stories/article/the-story-of-oldsmobile">"The Story of Oldsmobile | Hemmings"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220503161743/https://www.hemmings.com/stories/article/the-story-of-oldsmobile">Archived</a> from the original on May 3, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Story+of+Oldsmobile+%26%23124%3B+Hemmings&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hemmings.com%2Fstories%2Farticle%2Fthe-story-of-oldsmobile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://auto.howstuffworks.com/1901-1907-oldsmobile-curved-dash2.htm">"1901–1907 Oldsmobile Curved-Dash"</a>. December 6, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200113045528/https://auto.howstuffworks.com/1901-1907-oldsmobile-curved-dash2.htm">Archived</a> from the original on January 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1901%E2%80%931907+Oldsmobile+Curved-Dash&rft.date=2007-12-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fauto.howstuffworks.com%2F1901-1907-oldsmobile-curved-dash2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://historicvehicles.com.au/historic-car-brands/oldsmobile/">"Oldsmobile"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220326040107/https://historicvehicles.com.au/historic-car-brands/oldsmobile/">Archived</a> from the original on March 26, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oldsmobile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistoricvehicles.com.au%2Fhistoric-car-brands%2Foldsmobile%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.automotivehalloffame.org/honoree/ransom-e-olds/">"» Ransom e. Olds | Automotive Hall of Fame"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021124151/https://www.automotivehalloffame.org/honoree/ransom-e-olds/">Archived</a> from the original on October 21, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C2%BB+Ransom+e.+Olds+%26%23124%3B+Automotive+Hall+of+Fame&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.automotivehalloffame.org%2Fhonoree%2Fransom-e-olds%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080605191126/http://auto.howstuffworks.com/1901-1907-oldsmobile-curved-dash.htm">"Howstuffworks "1901-1907 Oldsmobile Curved-Dash"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://auto.howstuffworks.com/1901-1907-oldsmobile-curved-dash.htm">the original</a> on June 5, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Howstuffworks+%221901-1907+Oldsmobile+Curved-Dash%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fauto.howstuffworks.com%2F1901-1907-oldsmobile-curved-dash.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.astroautoglass.net/little-known-history-of-the-car-windshield/">"Little-Known History of the Car Windshield"</a>. January 5, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200113045529/https://www.astroautoglass.net/little-known-history-of-the-car-windshield/">Archived</a> from the original on January 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Little-Known+History+of+the+Car+Windshield&rft.date=2016-01-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.astroautoglass.net%2Flittle-known-history-of-the-car-windshield%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-end-of-the-road-for-oldsmobile">"The end of the road for Oldsmobile"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200125215935/http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-end-of-the-road-for-oldsmobile">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+end+of+the+road+for+Oldsmobile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fthis-day-in-history%2Fthe-end-of-the-road-for-oldsmobile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Automobile Age By James J. Flink, 1988 page 215</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.macsmotorcitygarage.com/1935-gm-introduces-the-all-steel-top/">"1935 — GM Introduces the All-Steel Top"</a>. July 26, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210113053618/https://www.macsmotorcitygarage.com/1935-gm-introduces-the-all-steel-top/">Archived</a> from the original on January 13, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1935+%E2%80%94+GM+Introduces+the+All-Steel+Top&rft.date=2020-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.macsmotorcitygarage.com%2F1935-gm-introduces-the-all-steel-top%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hagerty.com/articles-videos/articles/2019/03/07/oldsmobile-1949-overhead-valve-v-8">"Oldsmobile's 1949 overhead valve V-8 launched an engine revolution"</a>. March 7, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200113045530/https://www.hagerty.com/articles-videos/articles/2019/03/07/oldsmobile-1949-overhead-valve-v-8">Archived</a> from the original on January 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oldsmobile%27s+1949+overhead+valve+V-8+launched+an+engine+revolution&rft.date=2019-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hagerty.com%2Farticles-videos%2Farticles%2F2019%2F03%2F07%2Foldsmobile-1949-overhead-valve-v-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/a9816/carchaeology-1952-oldsmobile-and-the-first-headlight-dimmer-16301766/">"1952 Olds and the First Headlight Dimmer"</a>. December 23, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200619230145/https://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/a9816/carchaeology-1952-oldsmobile-and-the-first-headlight-dimmer-16301766/">Archived</a> from the original on June 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1952+Olds+and+the+First+Headlight+Dimmer&rft.date=2013-12-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.popularmechanics.com%2Fcars%2Fa9816%2Fcarchaeology-1952-oldsmobile-and-the-first-headlight-dimmer-16301766%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200126095800/https://www.hemmings.com/blog/2013/04/18/yesterdays-car-of-tomorrow-1962-1963-oldsmobile-jetfire/">"Cars of Futures Past – 1962-1963 Oldsmobile Jetfire | Hemmings Daily"</a>. 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August 20, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220324025436/https://auto.howstuffworks.com/1971-1978-oldsmobile-toronado.htm">Archived</a> from the original on March 24, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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August 10, 1976. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200113045526/https://www.nytimes.com/1976/08/10/archives/computer-will-save-fuel-on-gms-77-toronado.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Computer+Will+Save+Fuel+on+G.M.%27s+%2777+Toronado&rft.date=1976-08-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1976%2F08%2F10%2Farchives%2Fcomputer-will-save-fuel-on-gms-77-toronado.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHanLennonRatajczak1982" class="citation book cs1">Han, P. Z.; Lennon, W. L.; Ratajczak, R. B. (1982). 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January 23, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200125030957/http://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/01/the-past-and-future-of-the-head-up-display.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Past+and+Future+of+the+Head-up+Display%2C+the+Original+Augmented+Reality&rft.date=2019-01-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnymag.com%2Fintelligencer%2F2019%2F01%2Fthe-past-and-future-of-the-head-up-display.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jalopnik.com/the-1987-oldsmobile-aerotech-was-not-your-great-grandso-1553919816">"The 1987 Oldsmobile Aerotech Was Not Your Great-Grandson's Oldsmobile"</a>. <i>Jalopnik</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200609225406/https://jalopnik.com/the-1987-oldsmobile-aerotech-was-not-your-great-grandso-1553919816">Archived</a> from the original on June 9, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jalopnik&rft.atitle=The+1987+Oldsmobile+Aerotech+Was+Not+Your+Great-Grandson%27s+Oldsmobile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjalopnik.com%2Fthe-1987-oldsmobile-aerotech-was-not-your-great-grandso-1553919816&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/gms-oldsmobile-toronado-trofeo-infotainment-system-2017-1">"Check out these cars GM created in the 1980s with tech decades ahead of its time"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Business_Insider" title="Business Insider">Business Insider</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200805225415/https://www.businessinsider.com/gms-oldsmobile-toronado-trofeo-infotainment-system-2017-1">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=Check+out+these+cars+GM+created+in+the+1980s+with+tech+decades+ahead+of+its+time&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fgms-oldsmobile-toronado-trofeo-infotainment-system-2017-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1995-02-06-9502060009-story.html">"Oldsmobile's $1,995 Talking Map"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i>. February 6, 1995. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220509214309/https://www.chicagotribune.com/">Archived</a> from the original on May 9, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Oldsmobile%27s+%241%2C995+Talking+Map&rft.date=1995-02-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Fnews%2Fct-xpm-1995-02-06-9502060009-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/US/9708/25/olds.100/">"CNN - Oldest U.S. Car brand seeks new life as it turns 100 - August 25, 1997"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050404064857/http://www.cnn.com/US/9708/25/olds.100/">Archived</a> from the original on April 4, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=CNN+-+Oldest+U.S.+Car+brand+seeks+new+life+as+it+turns+100+-+August+25%2C+1997&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2FUS%2F9708%2F25%2Folds.100%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://testdrivejunkie.com/tag/2002-oldsmobile-bravada-pace-car/">"» 2002 Oldsmobile Bravada Pace Car"</a>. Testdrivejunkie.com. June 1, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200113045531/https://testdrivejunkie.com/tag/2002-oldsmobile-bravada-pace-car/">Archived</a> from the original on January 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C2%BB+2002+Oldsmobile+Bravada+Pace+Car&rft.pub=Testdrivejunkie.com&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftestdrivejunkie.com%2Ftag%2F2002-oldsmobile-bravada-pace-car%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bldg70-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bldg70_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bldg70_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bldg70_39-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bldg70_39-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWayne_Mason2006" class="citation web cs1">Wayne Mason (May–June 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reolds.org/Newsletters/Mimages/RRmay06.pdf">"Remembering Building 70"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. The Rocket Review.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Remembering+Building+70&rft.pub=The+Rocket+Review&rft.date=2006-05%2F2006-06&rft.au=Wayne+Mason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reolds.org%2FNewsletters%2FMimages%2FRRmay06.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cage-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cage_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorma_Wynick_Goldman" class="citation web cs1">Norma Wynick Goldman. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jhsmichigan.org/assets/docs/Journals/Michigan_Jewish_History_2003_09.pdf">"A 20th Century Man, Detroit Sculptor Samuel Cashwan (1899-1988)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Michigan Jewish History, Fall 2003, Page 10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+20th+Century+Man%2C+Detroit+Sculptor+Samuel+Cashwan+%281899-1988%29&rft.pub=Michigan+Jewish+History%2C+Fall+2003%2C+Page+10&rft.au=Norma+Wynick+Goldman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jhsmichigan.org%2Fassets%2Fdocs%2FJournals%2FMichigan_Jewish_History_2003_09.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sign-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sign_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sign_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarbara_Wieland2007" class="citation web cs1">Barbara Wieland (January 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gminsidenews.com/threads/oldsmobile-sign-removed.42600/">"Oldsmobile Sign Removed"</a>. Lansing State Journal.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oldsmobile+Sign+Removed&rft.pub=Lansing+State+Journal&rft.date=2007-01&rft.au=Barbara+Wieland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gminsidenews.com%2Fthreads%2Foldsmobile-sign-removed.42600%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-billboard-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-billboard_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvan_McCausland2013" class="citation web cs1">Evan McCausland (June 10, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.motortrend.com/news/former-oldsmobile-headquarters-now-serves-as-cadillac-billboard-228655/">"Former Oldsmobile Headquarters Now Serves As Cadillac Billboard"</a>. Motor Trend.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Former+Oldsmobile+Headquarters+Now+Serves+As+Cadillac+Billboard&rft.pub=Motor+Trend&rft.date=2013-06-10&rft.au=Evan+McCausland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motortrend.com%2Fnews%2Fformer-oldsmobile-headquarters-now-serves-as-cadillac-billboard-228655%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.consumerguide.com/south-border-madness-10-classic-mexican-market-auto-ads/">"South of the Border Madness! 10 Classic Mexican-Market Auto Ads"</a>. September 13, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201031193144/https://blog.consumerguide.com/south-border-madness-10-classic-mexican-market-auto-ads/">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=South+of+the+Border+Madness%21+10+Classic+Mexican-Market+Auto+Ads&rft.date=2017-09-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.consumerguide.com%2Fsouth-border-madness-10-classic-mexican-market-auto-ads%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428014212/http://blog.consumerguide.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/09/1988.png">"Cutlass 88"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.consumerguide.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/09/1988.png">the original</a> on April 28, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cutlass+88&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.consumerguide.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F2%2F2017%2F09%2F1988.png&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kassof.com/insights/ri-wi01.htm">In the '90s, General Motors hired marketers from outside the auto industry -- gurus of selling soap, toothpaste, disposable diapers and the like. But given the blunders behind Oldsmobile's failure, perhaps GM should have taken its marketing lessons from radio instead!</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060628223403/http://www.kassof.com/insights/ri-wi01.htm">Archived</a> June 28, 2006, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> WINTER, 2001, RESEARCH INSIGHTS.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="SCO" class="citation book cs1">Chevedden, John; Kowalke, Ron (2012). <i>Standard Catalog of Oldsmobile 1897–1997</i>. Iola, WI: Krause Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4402-3235-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4402-3235-0"><bdi>978-1-4402-3235-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Standard+Catalog+of+Oldsmobile+1897%E2%80%931997&rft.place=Iola%2C+WI&rft.pub=Krause+Publications&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-4402-3235-0&rft.aulast=Chevedden&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Kowalke%2C+Ron&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark1985" class="citation book cs1">Clark, Henry A. (1985). Kimes, Beverly R. (ed.). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/standardcatalogo0000kime"><i>The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805–1945</i></a></span>. Iola, WI: Krause Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87341-111-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-87341-111-0"><bdi>0-87341-111-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Standard+Catalog+of+American+Cars+1805%E2%80%931945&rft.place=Iola%2C+WI&rft.pub=Krause+Publications&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=0-87341-111-0&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Henry+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fstandardcatalogo0000kime&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGunnell1987" class="citation book cs1">Gunnell, John, ed. (1987). <i>The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1946–1975</i>. Iola, WI: Krause Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87341-096-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-87341-096-3"><bdi>0-87341-096-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Standard+Catalog+of+American+Cars+1946%E2%80%931975&rft.place=Iola%2C+WI&rft.pub=Krause+Publications&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-87341-096-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawler1994" class="citation magazine cs1">Lawler, John (February 1994). "1957-58 Oldsmobile: From Beautiful to Baroque". <i>Collectible Automobile Magazine</i>. pp. 22–37.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Collectible+Automobile+Magazine&rft.atitle=1957-58+Oldsmobile%3A+From+Beautiful+to+Baroque&rft.pages=22-37&rft.date=1994-02&rft.aulast=Lawler&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOldsmobile" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldsmobile&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Oldsmobile" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Oldsmobile">Oldsmobile</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Oldsmobile" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Oldsmobile">Oldsmobile</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030722190906/http://oldsmobile.com/">Official website</a> (Archived, 22 July 2003)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyclopedia.classicoldsmobile.com/">Encyclopedia of Oldsmobile</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oldsmobileclub.org/">Oldsmobile Club of America</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.outrightolds.com/">OutrightOlds.com</a> — <i>Oldsmobile</i> <i>photo archive, history, concepts, vintage ads, videos, and owners registry</i>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oldsads.org/">Vintage Oldsmobile Ads</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716025056/http://www.radiolive.co.nz/Alan-Lewenthal-the-owner-of-the-worlds-most-expensive-car/tabid/506/articleID/14241/Default.aspx">Radiolive.co.nz: Alan Lewenthal interview, Oldsmobile F88 owner</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Oldsmobile_vehicles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oldsmobile" title="Template:Oldsmobile"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oldsmobile" title="Template talk:Oldsmobile"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oldsmobile" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oldsmobile"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Oldsmobile_vehicles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oldsmobile</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Oldsmobile_vehicles" title="List of Oldsmobile vehicles">vehicles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>A division of <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a>, 1908–2004</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Production<br />models<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<i>by year of<br />introduction</i>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1900s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Curved_Dash" title="Oldsmobile Curved Dash">Curved Dash (Model 6C / Model B / Model F / Model R / Straight Dash)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Model_A" title="Oldsmobile Model A">Model A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Model_D" title="Oldsmobile Model D">Model D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Model_M" title="Oldsmobile Model M">Model M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Model_S" title="Oldsmobile Model S">Model S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Model_X" title="Oldsmobile Model X">Model X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Model_Z" title="Oldsmobile Model Z">Model Z</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Series_20" title="Oldsmobile Series 20">Series 20</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1910s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Light_Eight" title="Oldsmobile Light Eight">Light Eight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Limited" title="Oldsmobile Limited">Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Model_42" title="Oldsmobile Model 42">Model 42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Model_43" title="Oldsmobile Model 43">Model 43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Series_22" title="Oldsmobile Series 22">Series 22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Series_28" title="Oldsmobile Series 28">Series 28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Series_40" title="Oldsmobile Series 40">Series 40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Six" title="Oldsmobile Six">Six</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1920s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_F-Series" title="Oldsmobile F-Series">F-Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Model_30" title="Oldsmobile Model 30">Model 30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1930s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_L-Series" title="Oldsmobile L-Series">L-Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Series_60" title="Oldsmobile Series 60">Series 60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Series_70" title="Oldsmobile Series 70">Series 70</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1940s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88" title="Oldsmobile 88">88</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_98" title="Oldsmobile 98">98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Starfire" title="Oldsmobile Starfire">Starfire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Cutlass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_442" title="Oldsmobile 442">442</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Supreme" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme">Supreme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Hurst/Olds" title="Oldsmobile Hurst/Olds">Hurst/Olds</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Jetstar_I" title="Oldsmobile Jetstar I">Jetstar I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Vista_Cruiser" title="Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser">Vista Cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Toronado" title="Oldsmobile Toronado">Toronado</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Omega" title="Oldsmobile Omega">Omega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Custom_Cruiser" title="Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser">Custom Cruiser</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Calais" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais">Cutlass Calais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Ciera" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera">Cutlass Ciera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Firenza" title="Oldsmobile Firenza">Firenza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Touring_Sedan" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Touring Sedan">Touring Sedan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Achieva" title="Oldsmobile Achieva">Achieva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Alero" title="Oldsmobile Alero">Alero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Aurora" title="Oldsmobile Aurora">Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Bravada" title="Oldsmobile Bravada">Bravada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Intrigue" title="Oldsmobile Intrigue">Intrigue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Silhouette" title="Oldsmobile Silhouette">Silhouette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldsmobile_rocketlogo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Oldsmobile_rocketlogo.png/80px-Oldsmobile_rocketlogo.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Oldsmobile_rocketlogo.png/120px-Oldsmobile_rocketlogo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Oldsmobile_rocketlogo.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="158" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concept models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_F-88" title="Oldsmobile F-88">F-88 (1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Golden_Rocket" title="Oldsmobile Golden Rocket">Golden Rocket (1956)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Aerotech" title="Oldsmobile Aerotech">Aerotech I (1987)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Tube_Car" title="Oldsmobile Tube Car">Tube Car (1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Aerotech_III" title="Oldsmobile Aerotech III">Aerotech III (1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Expression" title="Oldsmobile Expression">Expression (1990)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Antares" title="Oldsmobile Antares">Antares (1995)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Alero_Alpha" title="Oldsmobile Alero Alpha">Alero Alpha (1997)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Recon" title="Oldsmobile Recon">Recon (1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Profile" title="Oldsmobile Profile">Profile (2000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_O4" title="Oldsmobile O4">O4 (2001)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Viking_(automobile)" title="Viking (automobile)">Viking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Oldsmobile" title="Category:Oldsmobile">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Oldsmobile" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Oldsmobile">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Oldsmobile_road_car_timeline,_1946–1970s_—_next_»" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oldsmobile_postwar_timeline" title="Template:Oldsmobile postwar timeline"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oldsmobile_postwar_timeline" title="Template talk:Oldsmobile postwar timeline"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oldsmobile_postwar_timeline" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oldsmobile postwar timeline"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Oldsmobile_road_car_timeline,_1946–1970s_—_next_»" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oldsmobile</a> road car timeline, 1946–1970s — <a href="/wiki/Template:Oldsmobile_timeline" title="Template:Oldsmobile timeline"><small>next</small> »</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%" class="wraplinks"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#F0F0F0;"> <td rowspan="2" width="5%"><b>Type</b> </td> <td colspan="4">1940s </td> <td colspan="10">1950s </td> <td colspan="10">1960s </td> <td colspan="10">1970s </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F0F0F0;"> <td width="2.5%">6</td> <td width="2.5%">7</td> <td width="2.5%">8</td> <td width="2.5%">9 </td> <td width="2.5%">0</td> <td width="2.5%">1</td> <td width="2.5%">2</td> <td width="2.5%">3</td> <td width="2.5%">4</td> <td width="2.5%">5</td> <td width="2.5%">6</td> <td width="2.5%">7</td> <td width="2.5%">8</td> <td width="2.5%">9 </td> <td width="2.5%">0</td> <td width="2.5%">1</td> <td width="2.5%">2</td> <td width="2.5%">3</td> <td width="2.5%">4</td> <td width="2.5%">5</td> <td width="2.5%">6</td> <td width="2.5%">7</td> <td width="2.5%">8</td> <td width="2.5%">9 </td> <td width="2.5%">0</td> <td width="2.5%">1</td> <td width="2.5%">2</td> <td width="2.5%">3</td> <td width="2.5%">4</td> <td width="2.5%">5</td> <td width="2.5%">6</td> <td width="2.5%">7</td> <td width="2.5%">8</td> <td width="2.5%">9 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td rowspan="1" style="background-color:#F0F0F0;"><a href="/wiki/Subcompact_car" title="Subcompact car">Subcompact</a> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="5"> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Starfire" title="Oldsmobile Starfire">Starfire</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td rowspan="1" style="background-color:#F0F0F0;"><a href="/wiki/Compact_car" title="Compact car">Compact</a> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">F-85</a> </td> <td colspan="6"> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Omega" title="Oldsmobile Omega">Omega</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td rowspan="1" style="background-color:#F0F0F0; line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Compact_car" title="Compact car">Compact</a><br /><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Station_wagon" title="Station wagon">station wagon</a></span> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">F-85 Station Wagon</a> </td> <td colspan="6"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Mid-size_car" title="Mid-size car">Mid-size</a> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">F-85</a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">F-85</a> </td> <td colspan="7"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Cutlass</a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Cutlass</a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Cutlass</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Cutlass</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0F0F0; line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Mid-size_car" title="Mid-size car">Mid-size</a><br /><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Station_wagon" title="Station wagon">station wagon</a></span> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">F-85 Station Wagon</a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Cutlass Station Wagon</a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Cutlass Station Wagon</a> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Vista_Cruiser" title="Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser">Vista Cruiser</a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Vista_Cruiser" title="Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser">Vista Cruiser</a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Vista_Cruiser" title="Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser">Vista Cruiser</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Ciera" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera">Cutlass Cruiser</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td rowspan="5" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Full-size_car" title="Full-size car">Full-size</a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Series_60" title="Oldsmobile Series 60">66/68</a> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Series_70" title="Oldsmobile Series 70">76/78</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Series_70" title="Oldsmobile Series 70">76</a> </td> <td colspan="9"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="1" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Fifth_generation_(1961–1964)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Jetstar 88</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Sixth_generation_(1965–1970)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Jetstar 88</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Sixth_generation_(1965–1970)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Delmont 88</a> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#First_generation_(1949–1953)" title="Oldsmobile 88">88</a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Second_generation_(1954–1956)" title="Oldsmobile 88">88</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Third_generation_(1957–1958)" title="Oldsmobile 88">88</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Fourth_generation_(1959–1960)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Dynamic 88</a> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Fifth_generation_(1961–1964)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Dynamic 88</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Sixth_generation_(1965–1970)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Dynamic 88</a> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#First_generation_(1949–1953)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Super 88</a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Second_generation_(1954–1956)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Super 88</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Third_generation_(1957–1958)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Super 88</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Fourth_generation_(1959–1960)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Super 88</a> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Fifth_generation_(1961–1964)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Super 88</a> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Sixth_generation_(1965–1970)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Delta 88</a> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Seventh_generation_(1971–1976)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Delta 88</a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Eighth_generation_(1977–1985)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Delta 88</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_98#Second_generation_(1942–1947)" title="Oldsmobile 98">98</a> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_98#Third_generation_(1948–1953)" title="Oldsmobile 98">98</a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_98#Fourth_generation_(1954–1956)" title="Oldsmobile 98">Ninety-<wbr />Eight</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_98#Fifth_generation_(1957–1958)" title="Oldsmobile 98">Ninety-<wbr />Eight</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_98#Sixth_generation_(1959–1960)" title="Oldsmobile 98">Ninety-<wbr />Eight</a> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_98#Seventh_generation_(1961–1964)" title="Oldsmobile 98">Ninety-<wbr />Eight</a> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_98#Eighth_generation_(1965–1970)" title="Oldsmobile 98">Ninety-<wbr />Eight</a> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_98#Ninth_generation_(1971–1976)" title="Oldsmobile 98">Ninety-<wbr />Eight</a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_98#Tenth_generation_(1977–1984)" title="Oldsmobile 98">Ninety-<wbr />Eight</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0F0F0; line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Full-size_car" title="Full-size car">Full-size</a><br /><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Station_wagon" title="Station wagon">station wagon</a></span> </td> <td colspan="3" rowspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Series_70" title="Oldsmobile Series 70">76</a> </td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Fiesta" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Fiesta">88 Fiesta</a> </td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Fiesta" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Fiesta">88 Fiesta</a> </td> <td colspan="4" rowspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Fiesta" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldsmobile Fiesta">88 Fiesta</a> </td> <td colspan="5" rowspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="1" rowspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Custom_Cruiser" title="Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser">Custom Cruiser</a> </td> <td colspan="3" rowspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Custom_Cruiser" title="Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser">Custom Cruiser</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88" title="Oldsmobile 88">88</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#F0F0F0;"><a href="/wiki/Personal_luxury_car" title="Personal luxury car">Personal luxury</a> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Jetstar_I" title="Oldsmobile Jetstar I">Jetstar I</a> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> <td colspan="4">  </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Starfire" title="Oldsmobile Starfire">Starfire</a> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="6"> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Toronado" title="Oldsmobile Toronado">Toronado</a> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Toronado" title="Oldsmobile Toronado">Toronado</a> </td> <td colspan="1" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Toronado" title="Oldsmobile Toronado">Toronado</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td rowspan="1" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Muscle_car" title="Muscle car">Muscle car</a> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="8"> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_442" title="Oldsmobile 442">4-4-2</a> </td> <td colspan="7"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="«_previous_—_Oldsmobile_road_car_timeline,_1980s–2004" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%;" class="wraplinks"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#F0F0F0;"> <td rowspan="2" style="width:5%;"><b>Type</b> </td> <td colspan="10" style="width:39%;">1980s </td> <td colspan="10" style="width:39%;">1990s </td> <td colspan="5" style="width:16%;">2000s </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F0F0F0;"> <td style="width:2%;">0</td> <td style="width:2%;">1</td> <td style="width:2%;">2</td> <td style="width:2%;">3</td> <td style="width:2%;">4</td> <td style="width:2%;">5</td> <td style="width:2%;">6</td> <td style="width:2%;">7</td> <td style="width:2%;">8</td> <td style="width:2%;">9 </td> <td style="width:2%;">0</td> <td style="width:2%;">1</td> <td style="width:2%;">2</td> <td style="width:2%;">3</td> <td style="width:2%;">4</td> <td style="width:2%;">5</td> <td style="width:2%;">6</td> <td style="width:2%;">7</td> <td style="width:2%;">8</td> <td style="width:2%;">9 </td> <td style="width:2%;">0</td> <td style="width:2%;">1</td> <td style="width:2%;">2</td> <td style="width:2%;">3</td> <td style="width:2%;">4 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> <td style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Subcompact_car" title="Subcompact car">Subcompact</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Starfire#Second_generation_(1975–1980)" title="Oldsmobile Starfire">Starfire</a> </td> <td colspan="9"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="5"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Compact_car" title="Compact car">Compact</a> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Firenza" title="Oldsmobile Firenza">Firenza</a> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="5"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#C0C0C0;"> <td colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Omega#Third_generation_(1980–1984)" title="Oldsmobile Omega">Omega</a> </td> <td colspan="7"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Calais" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais">Cutlass Calais</a> </td> <td colspan="7"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Achieva" title="Oldsmobile Achieva">Achieva</a> </td> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Alero" title="Oldsmobile Alero">Alero</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Mid-size_car" title="Mid-size car">Mid-size</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass#Fifth_generation_(1978)" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Cutlass</a> </td> <td colspan="15" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Ciera" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera">Cutlass Ciera</a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass#Sixth_generation_(1997)" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Cutlass</a> </td> <td colspan="5"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> <td colspan="8" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Supreme#Fourth_generation_(1978–1988)" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme">Cutlass Supreme</a> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Supreme#Fifth_generation_(1988–1997)" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme">Cutlass Supreme</a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Intrigue" title="Oldsmobile Intrigue">Intrigue</a> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> <td style="background-color:#F0F0F0; line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Mid-size_car" title="Mid-size car">Mid-size</a> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Station_wagon" title="Station wagon">station wagon</a></span> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass#Fifth_generation_(1978)" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass">Cutlass Cruiser</a> </td> <td colspan="13" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Cutlass_Ciera" title="Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera">Cutlass Cruiser</a> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="5"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> <td rowspan="4" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Full-size_car" title="Full-size car">Full-size</a> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Eighth_generation_(1977–1985)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Delta 88</a> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Ninth_generation_(1986–1991)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Delta 88/Eighty-Eight</a> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Tenth_generation_(1992–1999)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Eighty Eight</a> </td> <td colspan="5"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="6"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Tenth_generation_(1992–1999)" title="Oldsmobile 88">LSS</a> </td> <td colspan="5"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_98#Tenth_generation_(1977–1984)" title="Oldsmobile 98">Ninety-Eight</a> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_98#Eleventh_generation_(1985–1990)" title="Oldsmobile 98">Ninety-Eight</a> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_98#Twelfth_generation_(1991–1996)" title="Oldsmobile 98">Ninety Eight</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_88#Tenth_generation_(1992–1999)" title="Oldsmobile 88">Regency</a> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="5"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="5"> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Aurora#First_generation_(1995–1999)" title="Oldsmobile Aurora">Aurora</a> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Aurora#Second_generation_(2001–2003)" title="Oldsmobile Aurora">Aurora</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> <td style="background-color:#F0F0F0; line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Full-size_car" title="Full-size car">Full-size</a> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Station_wagon" title="Station wagon">station wagon</a></span> </td> <td colspan="11" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Custom_Cruiser#Second_generation_(1977–1990)" title="Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser">Custom Cruiser</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Custom_Cruiser#Third_generation_(1991–1992)" title="Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser">Custom Cruiser</a> </td> <td colspan="7"> </td> <td colspan="5"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> <td style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Personal_luxury_car" title="Personal luxury car">Personal luxury</a> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Toronado#Third_generation_(1979–1985)" title="Oldsmobile Toronado">Toronado</a> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Toronado#Fourth_generation_(1986–1992)" title="Oldsmobile Toronado">Toronado</a> </td> <td colspan="7"> </td> <td colspan="5"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> <td style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Minivan" title="Minivan">Minivan</a> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Silhouette#First_generation_(1990–1996)" title="Oldsmobile Silhouette">Silhouette</a> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Silhouette#Second_generation_(1997–2004)" title="Oldsmobile Silhouette">Silhouette</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> <td style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Sport_utility_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport utility vehicle">SUV</a> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Bravada#First_generation_(1991–1994)" title="Oldsmobile Bravada">Bravada</a> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Bravada#Second_generation_(1996–2001)" title="Oldsmobile Bravada">Bravada</a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Bravada#Third_generation_(2002–2004)" title="Oldsmobile Bravada">Bravada</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Automotive_brands_of_General_Motors" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Automotive_marques_of_General_Motors" title="Template:Automotive marques of General Motors"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Automotive_marques_of_General_Motors" title="Template talk:Automotive marques of General Motors"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Automotive_marques_of_General_Motors" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Automotive marques of General Motors"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Automotive_brands_of_General_Motors" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Automotive <a href="/wiki/Brand" title="Brand">brands</a> of <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wholly owned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buick" title="Buick">Buick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadillac" title="Cadillac">Cadillac</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cadillac_V_series" title="Cadillac V series">V-Series</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevrolet" title="Chevrolet">Chevrolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GMC_(marque)" class="mw-redirect" title="GMC (marque)">GMC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GMC_Denali" title="GMC Denali">Denali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hummer" title="Hummer">Hummer</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Discontinued</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acadian_(automobile)" title="Acadian (automobile)">Acadian</a> <small>(1962–1971)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpheon" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpheon">Alpheon</a> <small>(2010–2015)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As%C3%BCna" title="Asüna">Asüna</a> <small>(1992–1994)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaumont_(automobile)" title="Beaumont (automobile)">Beaumont</a> <small>(1966–1969)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford_Vehicles" title="Bedford Vehicles">Bedford</a> <small>(1930–1986)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartercar" title="Cartercar">Cartercar</a> <small>(1909–1915)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daewoo_Motors" title="Daewoo Motors">Daewoo</a> <small>(1999–2011)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmore_Manufacturing_Company" title="Elmore Manufacturing Company">Elmore</a> <small>(1908–1912)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Envoy_(automobile)" title="Envoy (automobile)">Envoy</a> <small>(1959–1970)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Motors_Diesel_Division" title="General Motors Diesel Division">GM Diesel</a> <small>(1938–2000)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geo_(automobile)" title="Geo (automobile)">Geo</a> <small>(1989–1997)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holden" title="Holden">Holden</a> <small>(1931–2020)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaSalle_(automobile)" title="LaSalle (automobile)">LaSalle</a> <small>(1927–1940)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquette_(automobile)" title="Marquette (automobile)">Marquette</a> <small>(1929–1930)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McLaughlin_Motor_Car_Company" title="McLaughlin Motor Car Company">McLaughlin</a> <small>(1918–1942)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland_Motor_Car_Company" title="Oakland Motor Car Company">Oakland</a> <small>(1909–1931)</small></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oldsmobile</a> <small>(1908–2004)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passport_(automobile_dealership)" title="Passport (automobile dealership)">Passport</a> <small>(1988–1991)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontiac_(automobile)" title="Pontiac (automobile)">Pontiac</a> <small>(1926–2010)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_(automobile)" title="Ranger (automobile)">Ranger</a> <small>(1968–1976)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reliance_(automobile)" title="Reliance (automobile)">Reliance</a> <small>(1908–1911)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainier_Motor_Car_Company" title="Rainier Motor Car Company">Rainier</a> <small>(1909–1911)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Corporation" title="Saturn Corporation">Saturn</a> <small>(1985–2010)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scripps-Booth" title="Scripps-Booth">Scripps-Booth</a> <small>(1916–1923)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheridan_(automobile)" title="Sheridan (automobile)">Sheridan</a> <small>(1920–1921)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statesman_(automobile)" title="Statesman (automobile)">Statesman</a> <small>(1971–1984)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_(automobile)" title="Viking (automobile)">Viking</a> <small>(1929–1931)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welch_Motor_Car_Company" title="Welch Motor Car Company">Welch-Detroit</a> <small>(1910–1911)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Cab_Manufacturing_Company" title="Yellow Cab Manufacturing Company">Yellow Cab</a> <small>(1925–1943)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Coach_Manufacturing_Company" title="Yellow Coach Manufacturing Company">Yellow Coach</a> <small>(1925–1943)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Sold</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_Cars" title="Lotus Cars">Lotus</a> <small>(1986–1993)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saab_Automobile" title="Saab Automobile">Saab</a> <small>(1989–2010)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opel" title="Opel">Opel</a> <small>(1929–2017)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Motors" title="Vauxhall Motors">Vauxhall</a> <small>(1925–2017)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/General_Motors_%282021%29.svg/60px-General_Motors_%282021%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/General_Motors_%282021%29.svg/90px-General_Motors_%282021%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/General_Motors_%282021%29.svg/120px-General_Motors_%282021%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="496" data-file-height="496" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shareholdings and<br />joint ventures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SAIC-GM-Wuling" title="SAIC-GM-Wuling">SAIC-GM-Wuling</a> <small>(44%)</small> (<a href="/wiki/Wuling_Motors" title="Wuling Motors">Wuling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baojun" title="Baojun">Baojun</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_SpA" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiat SpA">Fiat</a> <small>(2000–2005; up to 20%)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isuzu" title="Isuzu">Isuzu</a> <small>(c.1971–2006; up to 49%)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FAW-GM" title="FAW-GM">Jie Fang</a> <small>(2009–2019; 50%)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSA_Group" title="PSA Group">PSA Peugeot Citroën</a> <small>(2012–2013; up to 7%)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GM_Uzbekistan" class="mw-redirect" title="GM Uzbekistan">Ravon</a> <small>(2015–2020; 25%)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subaru" title="Subaru">Subaru</a> <small>(c.1999–2006; 20%)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzuki" title="Suzuki">Suzuki</a> <small>(1985–2008; up to 20%)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UzAuto_Motors" title="UzAuto Motors">UzDaewoo</a> <small>(1992–2015; up to 50%)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:General_Motors_marques" title="Category:General Motors marques">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Template:Automotive industry in the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Automotive industry in the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Automotive industry in the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Automotive industry in the United States">Automotive industry in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">Economy of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Transportation in the United States">Transportation in the United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vehicle<br />manufacturers<br />and brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Current <br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_the_United_States" title="List of automobile manufacturers of the United States">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AGCO" title="AGCO">AGCO</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Challenger_Tractor" title="Challenger Tractor">Challenger Tractor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massey_Ferguson" title="Massey Ferguson">Massey Ferguson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM_General" title="AM General">AM General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workhorse_Group" title="Workhorse Group">Amp Electric Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcimoto" title="Arcimoto">Arcimoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhino_Runner" title="Rhino Runner">Armour Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATK_motorcycles" class="mw-redirect" title="ATK motorcycles">ATK motorcycles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autocar_Company" title="Autocar Company">Autocar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Bird_Corporation" title="Blue Bird Corporation">Blue Bird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callaway_Cars" title="Callaway Cars">Callaway Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar Inc">Caterpillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czinger" title="Czinger">Czinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_Patrol_Vehicle" title="Desert Patrol Vehicle">Chenowth Racing Products</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_Performance_Vehicles" title="Environmental Performance Vehicles">Environmental Performance Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equus_Bass_770" title="Equus Bass 770">Equus Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_River_(company)" title="Forest River (company)">Forest River</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Champion_Bus_Incorporated" title="Champion Bus Incorporated">Champion Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collins_Industries" title="Collins Industries">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ElDorado_(bus_manufacturer)" title="ElDorado (bus manufacturer)">ElDorado National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaval_Bus" title="Glaval Bus">Glaval Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starcraft_Bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Starcraft Bus">Starcraft Bus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Motor_Company" title="Lincoln Motor Company">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Vehicle_Team" title="Special Vehicle Team">SVT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_Land_Systems" title="General Dynamics Land Systems">General Dynamics Land Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buick" title="Buick">Buick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadillac" title="Cadillac">Cadillac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadillac_V_series" title="Cadillac V series">Cadillac V series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevrolet" title="Chevrolet">Chevrolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Performance" title="Chevrolet Performance">Chevrolet Performance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GMC_(marque)" class="mw-redirect" title="GMC (marque)">GMC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillig" title="Gillig">Gillig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Growler_Manufacturing_and_Engineering" title="Growler Manufacturing and Engineering">Growler Manufacturing and Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley-Davidson" title="Harley-Davidson">Harley-Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingersoll_Rand" title="Ingersoll Rand">Ingersoll Rand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Club_Car" title="Club Car">Club Car</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storm_Search_and_Rescue_Tactical_Vehicle" title="Storm Search and Rescue Tactical Vehicle">HDT Global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HME,_Incorporated" title="HME, Incorporated">HME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Motors" title="International Motors">International Motors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IC_Bus" title="IC Bus">IC Bus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Deere" title="John Deere">John Deere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_Automotive" title="Karma Automotive">Karma Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laffite_X-Road" title="Laffite X-Road">Laffite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenco_BearCat" title="Lenco BearCat">Lenco Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucid_Motors" title="Lucid Motors">Lucid Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mack_Trucks" title="Mack Trucks">Mack Trucks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennium_Luxury_Coaches" title="Millennium Luxury Coaches">Millennium Luxury Coaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Olson" title="Morgan Olson">Morgan Olson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_Coach_Industries" title="Motor Coach Industries">Motor Coach Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshkosh_Corporation" title="Oshkosh Corporation">Oshkosh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pierce_Manufacturing" title="Pierce Manufacturing">Pierce</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paccar" title="Paccar">Paccar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenworth" title="Kenworth">Kenworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterbilt" title="Peterbilt">Peterbilt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panoz" title="Panoz">Panoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polaris_Industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Polaris Industries">Polaris Industries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_Electric_Motorcars" title="Global Electric Motorcars">Global Electric Motorcars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Motorcycle" title="Indian Motorcycle">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Motorcycles" title="Victory Motorcycles">Victory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/REV_Group" title="REV Group">REV Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fleetwood_Enterprises" title="Fleetwood Enterprises">Fleetwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holiday_Rambler" title="Holiday Rambler">Holiday Rambler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collins_Industries" title="Collins Industries">Laymor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheeled_Coach" class="mw-redirect" title="Wheeled Coach">Wheeled Coach</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rezvani_Motors" title="Rezvani Motors">Rezvani Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivian" title="Rivian">Rivian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Cameron_Glickenhaus" title="Scuderia Cameron Glickenhaus">Scuderia Cameron Glickenhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSC_North_America" title="SSC North America">SSC North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superformance" title="Superformance">Superformance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesla,_Inc." title="Tesla, Inc.">Tesla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textron" title="Textron">Textron</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Cat" title="Arctic Cat">Arctic Cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-Z-Go" class="mw-redirect" title="E-Z-Go">E-Z-Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cushman_(company)" title="Cushman (company)">Cushman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans_Tech" title="Trans Tech">Trans Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utilimaster_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Utilimaster Corporation">Ultimaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIA_Motors" title="VIA Motors">VIA Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VLF_Automotive" title="VLF Automotive">VLF Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xos,_Inc." title="Xos, Inc.">Xos, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero_Motorcycles" title="Zero Motorcycles">Zero Motorcycles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Foreign <br />subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_in_the_United_States" title="BMW in the United States">BMW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daimler_Truck_North_America" title="Daimler Truck North America">Daimler Truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Honda_Motor_Company" title="American Honda Motor Company">Honda</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acura" title="Acura">Acura</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Motor_Company#Regional_operations" title="Hyundai Motor Company">Hyundai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kia#Kia_Motors_America" title="Kia">Kia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_USA" title="Mercedes-Benz USA">Mercedes-Benz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Motors_North_America" title="Mitsubishi Motors North America">Mitsubishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nissan_USA" title="Nissan USA">Nissan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Infiniti" title="Infiniti">Infiniti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seres_Group" title="Seres Group">Seres Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seres_(automobiles)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seres (automobiles)">Seres</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler">Stellantis</a><sup>1</sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_(brand)" title="Chrysler (brand)">Chrysler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodge" title="Dodge">Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeep" title="Jeep">Jeep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Trucks" title="Ram Trucks">Ram</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subaru_of_America" title="Subaru of America">Subaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Motor_North_America" title="Toyota Motor North America">Toyota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Motor_Engineering_%26_Manufacturing_North_America" title="Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America">Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Group_of_America" title="Volkswagen Group of America">Volkswagen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Defunct /<br /> former <sup>2</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allis-Chalmers" title="Allis-Chalmers">Allis-Chalmers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Austin_Car_Company" title="American Austin Car Company">American Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Kurrent" title="The Kurrent">American Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_LaFrance" title="American LaFrance">American LaFrance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Motors_Corporation" title="American Motors Corporation">American Motors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Motor_Car_Company" title="Hudson Motor Car Company">Hudson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Essex_(automobile)" title="Essex (automobile)">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terraplane" title="Terraplane">Terraplane</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nash_Motors" title="Nash Motors">Nash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rambler_(automobile)" title="Rambler (automobile)">Rambler</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armor_Holdings" title="Armor Holdings">Armor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armored_Motor_Car_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored Motor Car Company">Armored</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auburn_Automobile" title="Auburn Automobile">Auburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurica_Motors" title="Aurica Motors">Aurica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoette" title="Autoette">Autoette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avanti_(car)" title="Avanti (car)">Avanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avery_Company" title="Avery Company">Avery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Best_Manufacturing_Company" title="Best Manufacturing Company">BMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulder_Electric_Vehicle" title="Boulder Electric Vehicle">Boulder Electric Vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_Motors_Corporation" title="Carbon Motors Corporation">Carbon Motors Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Checker_Motors_Corporation" title="Checker Motors Corporation">Checker Motors Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clydesdale_Motor_Truck_Company" title="Clydesdale Motor Truck Company">Clydesdale Motor Truck Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coda_Automotive" title="Coda Automotive">Coda</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_(automobile_company)" title="Commonwealth (automobile company)">Commonwealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cord_(automobile)" title="Cord (automobile)">Cord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_Corporation" title="Case Corporation">Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNH_Global" class="mw-redirect" title="CNH Global">CNH Global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle-Scoot" title="Cycle-Scoot">Cycle-Scoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeLorean_Motor_Company" title="DeLorean Motor Company">DeLorean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond-Star_Motors" title="Diamond-Star Motors">Diamond-Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duesenberg" title="Duesenberg">Duesenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durant_Motors" title="Durant Motors">Durant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flint_(automobile)" title="Flint (automobile)">Flint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locomobile_Company_of_America" title="Locomobile Company of America">Locomobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mason_Truck" title="Mason Truck">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_(automobile)" title="Rugby (automobile)">Rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_(automobile)" title="Star (automobile)">Star</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_Bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Eagle Bus">Eagle Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excalibur_(automobile)" title="Excalibur (automobile)">Excalibur</a></li> <li>FCA US <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_(automobile)" title="Eagle (automobile)">Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_(automobile)" title="Plymouth (automobile)">Plymouth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiberfab" title="Fiberfab">Fiberfab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitch_Four_Drive" title="Fitch Four Drive">Fitch Four Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisker_Automotive" title="Fisker Automotive">Fisker Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisker_Coachbuild" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisker Coachbuild">Fisker Coachbuild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Force_Protection_Inc" title="Force Protection Inc">Force Protection</a></li> <li>Ford <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Mark_II" title="Continental Mark II">Continental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edsel" title="Edsel">Edsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(automobile)" title="Mercury (automobile)">Mercury</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FMC_Corporation" title="FMC Corporation">FMC</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li>General Motors <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cartercar" title="Cartercar">Cartercar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmore_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elmore (automobile)">Elmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Motors_Diesel_Division" title="General Motors Diesel Division">GM Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geo_(automobile)" title="Geo (automobile)">Geo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaSalle_(automobile)" title="LaSalle (automobile)">LaSalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquette_(automobile)" title="Marquette (automobile)">Marquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McLaughlin_Motor_Car_Company" title="McLaughlin Motor Car Company">McLaughlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland_Motor_Car_Company" title="Oakland Motor Car Company">Oakland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oldsmobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontiac_(automobile)" title="Pontiac (automobile)">Pontiac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Corporation" title="Saturn Corporation">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scripps-Booth" title="Scripps-Booth">Scripps-Booth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheridan_(automobile)" title="Sheridan (automobile)">Sheridan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_(automobile)" title="Viking (automobile)">Viking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Coach_Manufacturing_Company" title="Yellow Coach Manufacturing Company">Yellow Coach</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goshen_Coach" title="Goshen Coach">Goshen Coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Vehicles" title="Green Vehicles">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GreenTech_Automotive" title="GreenTech Automotive">GreenTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman" title="Grumman">Grumman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henney_Kilowatt" title="Henney Kilowatt">Henney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Harvester" title="International Harvester">International Harvester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffery_(automobile)" title="Jeffery (automobile)">Jeffery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiser-Frazer" title="Kaiser-Frazer">Kaiser-Frazer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allstate_(automobile)" title="Allstate (automobile)">Allstate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frazer_(automobile)" title="Frazer (automobile)">Frazer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_J" title="Henry J">Henry J</a></li> <li>Kaiser</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willys" title="Willys">Willys</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Motors" title="Local Motors">Local</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marathon_Motor_Works" title="Marathon Motor Works">Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmon_Motor_Car_Company" title="Marmon Motor Car Company">Marmon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_(automobile)" title="Roosevelt (automobile)">Roosevelt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvel_(automobile)" title="Marvel (automobile)">Marvel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matbro" title="Matbro">Matbro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercer_(automobile)" title="Mercer (automobile)">Mercer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monaco_Coach_Corporation" title="Monaco Coach Corporation">Monaco Coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosler_Automotive" title="Mosler Automotive">Mosler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MotoCzysz" title="MotoCzysz">MotoCzysz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muntz_Car_Company" title="Muntz Car Company">Muntz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NUMMI" title="NUMMI">New United</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Bus_Industries" title="North American Bus Industries">North American Bus Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Farm_Equipment_Company" title="Oliver Farm Equipment Company">Oliver Farm Equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packard" title="Packard">Packard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peerless_Motor_Company" title="Peerless Motor Company">Peerless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierce-Arrow_Motor_Car_Company" title="Pierce-Arrow Motor Car Company">Pierce-Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebring_Vanguard" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebring Vanguard">Sebring Vanguard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Trucks" title="Sterling Trucks">Sterling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studebaker" title="Studebaker">Studebaker</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erskine_(automobile)" title="Erskine (automobile)">Erskine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockne" title="Rockne">Rockne</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stutz_Motor_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Stutz Motor Company">Stutz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scion_(automobile)" title="Scion (automobile)">Scion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Century_Motor_Car_Corporation" title="Twentieth Century Motor Car Corporation">Twentieth Century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Defense" title="United Defense">United Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_Production_Group" title="Vehicle Production Group">VPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visionary_Vehicles" title="Visionary Vehicles">Visionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VL_Automotive" class="mw-redirect" title="VL Automotive">VL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Motor_Company" title="White Motor Company">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildfire_(motor_company)" title="Wildfire (motor company)">Wildfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZAP_(motor_company)" title="ZAP (motor company)">ZAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimmer_(automobile)" title="Zimmer (automobile)">Zimmer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concept and <br />pre-production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Motor_Corporation" title="Alpha Motor Corporation">Alpha Motor Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aptera_Motors" title="Aptera Motors">Aptera Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bollinger_Motors" title="Bollinger Motors">Bollinger Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoo" title="Canoo">Canoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commuter_Cars" class="mw-redirect" title="Commuter Cars">Commuter Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elio_Motors" title="Elio Motors">Elio Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faraday_Future" title="Faraday Future">Faraday Future</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisker_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisker Inc">Fisker Inc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lordstown_Motors" class="mw-redirect" title="Lordstown Motors">Lordstown Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myers_Motors" class="mw-redirect" title="Myers Motors">Myers Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Corporation" title="Nikola Corporation">Nikola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trion_Supercars" title="Trion Supercars">Trion Supercars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Factories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_in_the_United_States" title="BMW in the United States">BMW Spartanburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chrysler_factories#Current_factories" title="List of Chrysler factories">Chrysler (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ford_factories#Current_production_facilities" title="List of Ford factories">Ford (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_General_Motors_factories#Current_factories" title="List of General Motors factories">General Motors (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Honda_assembly_plants" title="List of Honda assembly plants">Honda (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Motor_Manufacturing_Alabama" title="Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama">Hyundai (Alabama)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kia_design_and_manufacturing_facilities#Kia_Motors_Manufacturing_Georgia_(KMMG)" title="List of Kia design and manufacturing facilities">Kia Motors Manufacturing Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_U.S._International" title="Mercedes-Benz U.S. International">Mercedes-Benz (Alabama)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subaru_of_Indiana_Automotive" title="Subaru of Indiana Automotive">Subaru (Indiana)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Tesla_factories" title="List of Tesla factories">Tesla (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Chattanooga_Assembly_Plant" title="Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant">Volkswagen (Chattanooga)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chrysler_factories#Current_factories" title="List of Chrysler factories">Chrysler (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ford_factories#Former_production_facilities" title="List of Ford factories">Ford (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_General_Motors_factories#Closed_or_sold_Factories" title="List of General Motors factories">General Motors (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packard_Automotive_Plant" title="Packard Automotive Plant">Packard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Westmoreland_Assembly" title="Volkswagen Westmoreland Assembly">Volkswagen (Westmoreland)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Auto component <br />makers and <br /><a href="/wiki/Performance_car" title="Performance car">performance car</a> <br />modders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allison_Transmission" title="Allison Transmission">Allison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Expedition_Vehicles" title="American Expedition Vehicles">American Expedition Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aptiv" title="Aptiv">Aptiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BFGoodrich" title="BFGoodrich">BFGoodrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BorgWarner" title="BorgWarner">BorgWarner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callaway_Cars" title="Callaway Cars">Callaway Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar Inc">Caterpillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cummins" title="Cummins">Cummins</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brammo" title="Brammo">Brammo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Diesel" title="Detroit Diesel">Detroit Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eaton_Corporation" title="Eaton Corporation">Eaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firestone_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Firestone Tire and Rubber Company">Firestone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Tire" title="General Tire">General Tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company">Goodyear</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cooper_Tire_%26_Rubber_Company" title="Cooper Tire & Rubber Company">Cooper Tire & Rubber Company</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hennessey_Performance_Engineering" title="Hennessey Performance Engineering">Hennessey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingersoll_Rand" title="Ingersoll Rand">Ingersoll Rand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legacy_Classic_Trucks" title="Legacy Classic Trucks">Legacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingenfelter_Performance_Engineering" title="Lingenfelter Performance Engineering">Lingenfelter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexteer_Automotive" title="Nexteer Automotive">Nexteer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Motorcars" title="Phoenix Motorcars">Phoenix Motorcars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proterra_(bus_manufacturer)" title="Proterra (bus manufacturer)">Proterra (bus manufacturer)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remy_International" title="Remy International">Remy International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saleen" title="Saleen">Saleen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelby_American" title="Shelby American">Shelby American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_and_Racing_Technology" title="Street and Racing Technology">SRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timken_Company" title="Timken Company">Timken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torrington_Company" title="Torrington Company">Torrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visteon" title="Visteon">Visteon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Design studios</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calty_Design_Research" title="Calty Design Research">Calty Design Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Designworks" title="Designworks">Designworks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rezvani_Motors" title="Rezvani Motors">Rezvani Automotive Designs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheego_Electric_Cars" class="mw-redirect" title="Wheego Electric Cars">Wheego Electric Cars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By state</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Massachusetts" title="Automotive industry in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Automobile_Association" title="American Automobile Association">AAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Auto_Show" title="Chicago Auto Show">Chicago Auto Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System" title="Interstate Highway System">Interstate Highway System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobiles_manufactured_in_the_United_States" title="List of automobiles manufactured in the United States">List of automobiles manufactured in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Highway_Traffic_Safety_Administration" title="National Highway Traffic Safety Administration">National Highway Traffic Safety Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_International_Auto_Show" title="New York International Auto Show">New York International Auto Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_International_Auto_Show" title="North American International Auto Show">North American International Auto Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAE_International" title="SAE International">SAE International</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup> Non-U.S. based parent company that owns subsidiaries headquartered in U.S.</li> <li><sup>2</sup> Company still exists but is no longer in the automotive manufacturing business</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Automotive industry in the United States">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Cars" title="Portal:Cars">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span 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