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class="gs_asd_tr"><div class="gs_asd_dt"><label for="gs_asd_eq"><b>without</b> the words</label></div><div class="gs_asd_dd"><div class="gs_in_txtw gs_in_txtm gs_in_txtb"><input type="text" class="gs_in_txt" name="as_eq" value="" id="gs_asd_eq" autocapitalize="off"><div class="gs_in_txts"></div></div></div></div><div class="gs_asd_tr"><div class="gs_asd_dt"><label for="gs_asd_occt">where my words occur</label></div><div class="gs_asd_dd"><div class="gs_asd_occtr"><span class="gs_in_ra" onclick="void(0)"><input type="radio" name="as_occt" value="any" id="gs_asd_occt_a" checked><label for="gs_asd_occt_a">anywhere in the article</label><span class="gs_chk"></span><span class="gs_cbx"></span></span></div><div class="gs_asd_occtr"><span class="gs_in_ra" onclick="void(0)"><input type="radio" name="as_occt" value="title" id="gs_asd_occt_t"><label for="gs_asd_occt_t">in the title of the article</label><span class="gs_chk"></span><span class="gs_cbx"></span></span></div></div></div><div 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and sugars on the aggregation propensity of monoclonal antibodies: influence of colloidal and conformational stabilities</a></h3><div class="gs_a gs_fma_s">S Saito, J Hasegawa, N Kobayashi, T Tomitsuka… - Pharmaceutical …, 2013 - Springer</div><div class="gs_a gs_fma_p"><div class="gs_fmaa">S Saito, J Hasegawa, N Kobayashi, T Tomitsuka, <a href="/citations?user=RsoCa54AAAAJ&hl=en&oi=sra">S Uchiyama</a>, K Fukui</div>Pharmaceutical research, 2013<span class="gs_pdot">•</span>Springer</div><div class="gs_rs gs_fma_s">Purpose To develop a general strategy for optimizing monoclonal antibody (MAb) <br>formulations. Methods Colloidal stabilities of four representative MAbs solutions were <br>assessed based on the second virial coefficient (B 2) at 20° C and 40° C, and net charges at <br>different NaCl concentrations, and/or in the presence of sugars. Conformational stabilities <br>were evaluated from the unfolding temperatures. The aggregation propensities were <br>determined at 40° C and after freeze–thawing. The electrostatic potential of antibody …</div><div class="gs_fma gs_fma_p gs_invis"><div class="gs_fma_brdr"></div><div class="gs_fma_wpr"><div class="gs_fma_con gs_fma_sh" data-trk="/scholar_url?url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11095-012-0965-4&hl=en&sa=T&oi=fma-abs-view&ct=fma-expand&d=12324898506322931503&ei=TlViZ8GbKei96rQP4s-WkAk&tab=-1&at=Effects+of+ionic+strength+and+sugars+on+the+aggregation+propensity+of%C2%A0%E2%80%A6 https://www.google-analytics.com/collect?v=1&tid=UA-117450069-1&aip=1&cid=15513109734212975393&dr=https%3A%2F%2Fscholar.google.com&t=pageview&dl=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11095-012-0965-4&dt=Effects+of+ionic+strength+and+sugars+on+the+aggregation+propensity+of%C2%A0%E2%80%A6"><div class="gs_fma_abs"><div class="gs_fma_grad"></div><div class="gs_fma_snp"> <div class="gsh_h3 gsh_flh">Purpose</div> <div class="gsh_csp">To develop a general strategy for optimizing monoclonal antibody (MAb) formulations.</div> <div class="gsh_h3">Methods</div> <div class="gsh_csp">Colloidal stabilities of four representative MAbs solutions were assessed based on the second virial coefficient (<i>B</i> <sub>2</sub>) at 20°C and 40°C, and net charges at different NaCl concentrations, and/or in the presence of sugars. Conformational stabilities were evaluated from the unfolding temperatures. The aggregation propensities were determined at 40°C and after freeze–thawing. The electrostatic potential of antibody surfaces was simulated for the development of rational formulations.</div> <div class="gsh_h3">Results</div> <div class="gsh_csp">Similar <i>B</i> <sub>2</sub> values were obtained at 20°C and 40°C, implying little dependence on temperature. <i>B</i> <sub>2</sub> correlated quantitatively with aggregation propensities at 40°C. The net charge partly correlated with colloidal stability. Salts stabilized or destabilized MAbs, depending on repulsive or attractive interactions. Sugars improved the aggregation propensity under freeze–thaw stress through improved conformational stability. Uneven and even distributions of potential surfaces were attributed to attractive and strong repulsive electrostatic interactions.</div> <div class="gsh_h3">Conclusions</div> <div class="gsh_csp">Assessment of colloidal stability at the lowest ionic strength is particularly effective for the development of formulations. If necessary, salts are added to enhance the colloidal stability. Sugars further improved aggregation propensities by enhancing conformational stability. These behaviors are rationally predictable according to the surface potentials of MAbs.</div> </div><div class="gs_fma_fons"><div class="gs_fma_fon">Springer</div></div></div><div class="gs_fma_sml"><a class="gs_fma_sml_a" data-idx="0" href="javascript:void(0)" role="presentation"><span class="gs_fma_smlsm">Show more</span><span class="gs_fma_smlsl">Show less</span><span class="gs_fma_smlar"></span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="gs_fl gs_flb gs_invis"><a href="javascript:void(0)" class="gs_or_sav gs_or_btn" role="button"><svg viewBox="0 0 15 16" class="gs_or_svg"><path d="M7.5 11.57l3.824 2.308-1.015-4.35 3.379-2.926-4.45-.378L7.5 2.122 5.761 6.224l-4.449.378 3.379 2.926-1.015 4.35z"/></svg><span class="gs_or_btn_lbl">Save</span></a> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="gs_or_cit gs_or_btn gs_nph" role="button" aria-controls="gs_cit" aria-haspopup="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 15 16" class="gs_or_svg"><path d="M6.5 3.5H1.5V8.5H3.75L1.75 12.5H4.75L6.5 9V3.5zM13.5 3.5H8.5V8.5H10.75L8.75 12.5H11.75L13.5 9V3.5z"/></svg><span>Cite</span></a> <a href="/scholar?cites=12324898506322931503&as_sdt=2005&sciodt=0,5&hl=en">Cited by 112</a> <a href="/scholar?q=related:L-8eMuTVCqsJ:scholar.google.com/&scioq=10.1007/s11095-012-0965-4&hl=en&as_sdt=0,5">Related articles</a> <a href="/scholar?cluster=12324898506322931503&hl=en&as_sdt=0,5" class="gs_nph">All 9 versions</a> <a href="javascript:void(0)" title="More" class="gs_or_mor gs_oph" role="button"><svg viewBox="0 0 15 16" class="gs_or_svg"><path d="M0.75 5.5l2-2L7.25 8l-4.5 4.5-2-2L3.25 8zM7.75 5.5l2-2L14.25 8l-4.5 4.5-2-2L10.25 8z"/></svg></a> <a href="javascript:void(0)" title="Fewer" class="gs_or_nvi gs_or_mor" role="button"><svg viewBox="0 0 15 16" class="gs_or_svg"><path d="M7.25 5.5l-2-2L0.75 8l4.5 4.5 2-2L4.75 8zM14.25 5.5l-2-2L7.75 8l4.5 4.5 2-2L11.75 8z"/></svg></a></div></div></div></div><div id="gs_res_ccl_bot" class="gs_fmarb gs_invis"><div class="gs_r gs_res_lnfo">Showing the best result for this search. <a href="/scholar?lookup=0&q=10.1007/s11095-012-0965-4&hl=en&as_sdt=0,5">See all results</a></div></div></div></div></div><div id="gs_ftr_sp" role="presentation"></div><div id="gs_ftr" class="gs_md_rmb" role="contentinfo"><div id="gs_ftr_rt"><a href="//www.google.com/intl/en/policies/privacy/">Privacy</a><a href="//www.google.com/intl/en/policies/terms/">Terms</a><a href="javascript:void(0)" ontouchstart="gs_evt_dsp(event)" role="button" aria-controls="gs_ftr_mnu" aria-haspopup="true" class="gs_press gs_md_tb">Help</a></div><div id="gs_ftr_mnu" class="gs_md_d gs_md_ds gs_ttzi gs_md_ulr" role="menu" tabindex="-1"><a role="menuitem" href="/intl/en/scholar/about.html" tabindex="-1" class="gs_md_li">About Scholar</a><a role="menuitem" href="//support.google.com/websearch?p=scholar_dsa&hl=en" tabindex="-1" class="gs_md_li">Search help</a></div></div></div></body></html>