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Warren </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marriage_to_William_G._Warren-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marriage_to_Gerald_Ford_and_motherhood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marriage_to_Gerald_Ford_and_motherhood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Marriage to Gerald Ford and motherhood </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marriage_to_Gerald_Ford_and_motherhood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_Lady_of_the_United_States_(1973–1974)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_Lady_of_the_United_States_(1973–1974)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Second Lady of the United States (1973–1974) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_Lady_of_the_United_States_(1973–1974)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-First_Lady_of_the_United_States_(1974–1977)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_Lady_of_the_United_States_(1974–1977)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 First Lady of the United States (1974–1977) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-First_Lady_of_the_United_States_(1974–1977)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle First Lady of the United States (1974–1977) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-First_Lady_of_the_United_States_(1974–1977)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_image,_influence,_and_candor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_image,_influence,_and_candor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Public image, influence, and candor </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_image,_influence,_and_candor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Popularity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popularity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.1 Popularity </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Popularity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ranking_in_Gallup's_annual_poll_of_"Most_Admired_Women"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ranking_in_Gallup's_annual_poll_of_"Most_Admired_Women""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.2 Ranking in Gallup's annual poll of "Most Admired Women" </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ranking_in_Gallup's_annual_poll_of_"Most_Admired_Women"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Approval_polling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Approval_polling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.2.1 Approval polling </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Approval_polling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_policy_and_political_activism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_policy_and_political_activism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Social policy and political activism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_policy_and_political_activism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_and_breast_cancer_awareness" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_and_breast_cancer_awareness"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Health and breast cancer awareness </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_and_breast_cancer_awareness-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 The arts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_dinners" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_dinners"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 State dinners </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_dinners-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diplomatic_trips" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diplomatic_trips"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Diplomatic trips </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diplomatic_trips-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philanthropic_causes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philanthropic_causes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Philanthropic causes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philanthropic_causes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role_in_the_1976_presidential_campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role_in_the_1976_presidential_campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8 Role in the 1976 presidential campaign </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role_in_the_1976_presidential_campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Departure_from_the_White_House" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Departure_from_the_White_House"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.9 Departure from the White House </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Departure_from_the_White_House-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post–White_House_life_and_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post–White_House_life_and_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Post–White House life and career </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Post–White_House_life_and_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Post–White House life and career subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Post–White_House_life_and_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Recovery_from_alcoholism_and_prescription_drug_addiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recovery_from_alcoholism_and_prescription_drug_addiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Recovery from alcoholism and prescription drug addiction </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recovery_from_alcoholism_and_prescription_drug_addiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Betty_Ford_Center" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Betty_Ford_Center"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 The Betty Ford Center </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Betty_Ford_Center-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Women's_movement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Women's_movement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Women's movement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Women's_movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_matters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_matters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Other matters </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_matters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death_and_funeral" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death_and_funeral"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Death and funeral </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death_and_funeral-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historical_assessments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_assessments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Historical assessments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_assessments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_depictions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_depictions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Cultural depictions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultural_depictions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Awards and honors </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Awards and honors subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Things_and_places_named_for_Ford" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Things_and_places_named_for_Ford"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Things and places named for Ford </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Things_and_places_named_for_Ford-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Books_authored" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books_authored"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Books authored </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books_authored-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Betty Ford</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 59 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-59" aria-hidden="true" > 59 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="بيتي فورد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيتي فورد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betti_Ford" title="Betti Ford – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Betti Ford" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="بتی فورد – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بتی فورد" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1" title="বেটি ফোর্ড – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বেটি ফোর্ড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%96_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Бэці Форд – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бэці Форд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%96_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Бэці Форд – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Бэці Форд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Бети Форд – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бети Форд" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Fordov%C3%A1" title="Betty Fordová – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Betty Fordová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%84%CE%B9_%CE%A6%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%84" title="Μπέτι Φορντ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπέτι Φορντ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="بتی فورد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بتی فورد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%ED%8B%B0_%ED%8F%AC%EB%93%9C" title="베티 포드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="베티 포드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A5%D5%A9%D5%AB_%D5%96%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A4" title="Բեթի Ֆորդ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բեթի Ֆորդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%98%D7%99_%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93" title="בטי פורד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בטי פורד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ბეტი ფორდი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბეტი ფორდი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Бетти Форд – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Бетти Форд" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabetha_Ford" title="Elisabetha Ford – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Elisabetha Ford" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Бети Форд – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бети Форд" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D" title="ബെറ്റി ഫോർഡ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബെറ്റി ഫോർഡ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%89_%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="بيتى فورد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيتى فورد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="ベティ・フォード – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ベティ・フォード" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%B9%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%88" title="بیٹی فورڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بیٹی فورڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4,_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Форд, Бетти – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Форд, Бетти" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Бети Форд – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бети Форд" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5_%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94" title="เบ็ตตี ฟอร์ด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เบ็ตตี ฟอร์ด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D1%96_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Бетті Форд – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бетті Форд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%B9%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%88" title="بیٹی فورڈ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بیٹی فورڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Betty Ford" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E8%92%82%C2%B7%E7%A6%8F%E7%89%B9" title="贝蒂·福特 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="贝蒂·福特" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E8%92%82%C2%B7%E7%A6%8F%E7%89%B9" title="贝蒂·福特 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="贝蒂·福特" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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searchaux" style="display:none">First Lady of the United States from 1974 to 1977</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Betty Ford</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Betty_Ford,_official_White_House_photo_color,_1974.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Betty_Ford%2C_official_White_House_photo_color%2C_1974.jpg/220px-Betty_Ford%2C_official_White_House_photo_color%2C_1974.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Betty_Ford%2C_official_White_House_photo_color%2C_1974.jpg/330px-Betty_Ford%2C_official_White_House_photo_color%2C_1974.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Betty_Ford%2C_official_White_House_photo_color%2C_1974.jpg/440px-Betty_Ford%2C_official_White_House_photo_color%2C_1974.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2116" data-file-height="3318" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 1974</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/First_Lady_of_the_United_States" title="First Lady of the United States">First Lady of the United States</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In role August 9, 1974 – January 20, 1977</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pat_Nixon" title="Pat Nixon">Pat Nixon</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rosalynn_Carter" title="Rosalynn Carter">Rosalynn Carter</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Second_ladies_and_gentlemen_of_the_United_States" title="Second ladies and gentlemen of the United States">Second Lady of the United States</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In role December 6, 1973 – August 9, 1974</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Vice President</th><td class="infobox-data">Gerald Ford</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Judy_Agnew" title="Judy Agnew">Judy Agnew</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Happy_Rockefeller" title="Happy Rockefeller">Happy Rockefeller</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">1st Chairwoman of the <a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford_Center" title="Betty Ford Center">Betty Ford Center</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office October 4, 1982 – January 25, 2005<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Position established</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Susan_Ford_Bales" title="Susan Ford Bales">Susan Ford Bales</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Elizabeth Anne Bloomer</div> (1918-04-08)April 8, 1918 <a href="/wiki/Chicago,_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago, Illinois">Chicago, Illinois</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">July 8, 2011(2011-07-08) (aged 93) <a href="/wiki/Rancho_Mirage,_California" title="Rancho Mirage, California">Rancho Mirage, California</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_R._Ford_Presidential_Museum" title="Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum">Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">William Warren</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1942; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1947)</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1948; <a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Gerald_Ford" title="Death and state funeral of Gerald Ford">died</a> 2006)</div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Michael</li><li>Jack</li><li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Ford" title="Steven Ford">Steven</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Ford_Bales" title="Susan Ford Bales">Susan</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Betty_Ford_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Betty Ford's signature"><img alt="Cursive signature in ink" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Betty_Ford_Signature.svg/128px-Betty_Ford_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Betty_Ford_Signature.svg/192px-Betty_Ford_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Betty_Ford_Signature.svg/256px-Betty_Ford_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="386" data-file-height="226" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Elizabeth Anne Ford (<a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">née</a> Bloomer; formerly Warren;<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> April 8, 1918 – July 8, 2011) was <a href="/wiki/First_lady_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="First lady of the United States">first lady of the United States</a> from 1974 to 1977, as the wife of President <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a>. As first lady, she was active in <a href="/wiki/Social_policy" title="Social policy">social policy</a>, and set a precedent as a politically active presidential spouse. She was also <a href="/wiki/Second_lady_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Second lady of the United States">second lady of the United States</a> from 1973 to 1974, when her husband was <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">vice president</a>. Throughout <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Gerald_Ford" title="Presidency of Gerald Ford">her husband's time in the office of the presidency</a>, she maintained high approval ratings, and was considered to be an influential first lady. Ford was noted for raising <a href="/wiki/Breast_cancer_awareness" title="Breast cancer awareness">breast cancer awareness</a> following her 1974 <a href="/wiki/Mastectomy" title="Mastectomy">mastectomy</a>. In addition, she was a passionate supporter of the <a href="/wiki/Equal_Rights_Amendment" title="Equal Rights Amendment">Equal Rights Amendment</a> (ERA). As a supporter of <a href="/wiki/Abortion_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Abortion rights">abortion rights</a>, and a leader in the <a href="/wiki/Feminism_in_the_United_States" title="Feminism in the United States">women's rights movement</a>, she gained fame as one of the most candid first ladies in history, commenting on the hot-button issues of the time, such as <a href="/wiki/Feminism" title="Feminism">feminism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Equal_pay_for_women" class="mw-redirect" title="Equal pay for women">equal pay</a>, the Equal Rights Amendment, sex, <a href="/wiki/Drugs_in_the_United_States" title="Drugs in the United States">drugs</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States" title="Abortion in the United States">abortion</a>. Surveys of historians conducted by the <a href="/wiki/Siena_College_Research_Institute" title="Siena College Research Institute">Siena College Research Institute</a> have shown that historians regard Ford to be among the best and most <a href="/wiki/Courage" title="Courage">courageous</a> American first ladies. Following her years in the White House, Ford continued to lobby for the ERA, and remained active in the <a href="/wiki/Feminism_in_the_United_States" title="Feminism in the United States">feminist movement</a>. Soon after leaving office, she raised awareness of <a href="/wiki/Substance_use_disorder" title="Substance use disorder">addiction</a> when she sought help for, and publicly disclosed, her long-running struggle with alcoholism and <a href="/wiki/Substance_abuse" title="Substance abuse">substance abuse</a>. After recovering, she founded, and served as the first chair of, the board of directors of the <a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford_Center" title="Betty Ford Center">Betty Ford Center</a>, which provides treatment services for people with <a href="/wiki/Substance_use_disorders" class="mw-redirect" title="Substance use disorders">substance use disorders</a>. Ford also became involved in causes related to <a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS" title="HIV/AIDS">HIV/AIDS</a>. For years after leaving the White House, Ford continued to enjoy great influence and popularity, continuing to rank in the top ten of <a href="/wiki/Gallup_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallup (company)">Gallup</a>'s annual <a href="/wiki/Gallup%27s_most_admired_man_and_woman_poll" title="Gallup's most admired man and woman poll">most admired woman poll</a> every year through 1991. Ford was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a> by <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> in 1991. She was also awarded the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Gold_Medal" title="Congressional Gold Medal">Congressional Gold Medal</a> as a co-recipient with President Ford in 1998. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Betty_Bloomer_at_age_18,_1936.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Betty_Bloomer_at_age_18%2C_1936.jpg/170px-Betty_Bloomer_at_age_18%2C_1936.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Betty_Bloomer_at_age_18%2C_1936.jpg/255px-Betty_Bloomer_at_age_18%2C_1936.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Betty_Bloomer_at_age_18%2C_1936.jpg/340px-Betty_Bloomer_at_age_18%2C_1936.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2092" data-file-height="2940" /></a><figcaption>Betty Bloomer at age 18, 1936</figcaption></figure> Ford was born Elizabeth Anne Bloomer in 1918 in Chicago, Illinois, the third child and only daughter of Hortense (née Neahr; 1884 – 1948) and William Stephenson Bloomer Sr. (1874–1934), who was a travelling salesman for Royal Rubber Co.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> She was called Betty as a child. Hortense and William married on November 9, 1904, in Chicago. Betty's two older brothers were Robert (d. 1971) and William Jr. After the family lived briefly in <a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a>, Colorado, she grew up in <a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">Grand Rapids, Michigan</a>, where she graduated from <a href="/wiki/Central_High_School_(Grand_Rapids,_Michigan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central High School (Grand Rapids, Michigan)">Central High School</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Ford_1978_p22-4">[4]</a> In 1926, when Bloomer was eight years old, her mother, who valued social graces, enrolled her in the Calla Travis Dance Studio in Grand Rapids, where Ford was taught ballet, <a href="/wiki/Tap_dancing" class="mw-redirect" title="Tap dancing">tap dancing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Modern_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern movement">modern movement</a>. She developed a passion for dance, and she decided she wanted to pursue a career in the field.<a href="#cite_note-biography.com1-5">[5]</a> At the age of 14, she began modeling clothes and teaching children popular dances, such as the <a href="/wiki/Foxtrot_(dance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Foxtrot (dance)">foxtrot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waltz" title="Waltz">waltz</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Big_Apple_(dance)" title="Big Apple (dance)">big apple</a>, to earn money in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>. She worked with children with <a href="/wiki/Disabilities" class="mw-redirect" title="Disabilities">disabilities</a> at the Mary Free Bed Home for Crippled Children. She studied dance at the Calla Travis Dance Studio, graduating in 1935.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-biography.com1-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> While she was still in high school, she started her own dance school, instructing both youth and adults.<a href="#cite_note-biography.com1-5">[5]</a> Growing up, she was subject to <a href="/wiki/Teasing" title="Teasing">teasing</a> about her surname, with other kids in school calling her "Betty <a href="/wiki/Pants" class="mw-redirect" title="Pants">Pants</a>" (a play on "<a href="/wiki/Bloomers" title="Bloomers">bloomers</a>" being a name for a type of lower-body garment). Bloomer disliked the surname.<a href="#cite_note-healy1-7">[7]</a> When Ford herself began the process of recovering from her own <a href="/wiki/Alcoholism" title="Alcoholism">alcoholism</a>, she disclosed to the public that both her father and her brother Bob had suffered from alcoholism as well.<a href="#cite_note-NFL1-8">[8]</a> When Bloomer was 16, her father died of <a href="/wiki/Carbon_monoxide_poisoning" title="Carbon monoxide poisoning">carbon monoxide poisoning</a> in the family's <a href="/wiki/Garage_(residential)" title="Garage (residential)">garage</a> while working under their car, despite the garage doors being open.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-washingtonpost-10">[10]</a> He died the day before his 60th birthday.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> It was never confirmed whether his death had been <a href="/wiki/Accidental_death" title="Accidental death">accidental</a> or a suicide.<a href="#cite_note-biography.com1-5">[5]</a> With her father's passing, her family lost its primary <a href="/wiki/Breadwinner_model" title="Breadwinner model">breadwinner</a>, and her mother began working as a real estate agent to support the family. Her mother's actions in the wake of her father's passing are said to have been formative for her views in support of <a href="/wiki/Equal_pay" class="mw-redirect" title="Equal pay">equal pay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gender_equality" title="Gender equality">gender equality</a>.<a href="#cite_note-biography.com1-5">[5]</a> In 1936, after graduating from high school, Bloomer proposed continuing her study of dance in New York City, but her mother refused on account of the relatively recent loss of her husband. She instead attended the <a href="/wiki/American_Dance_Festival" title="American Dance Festival">Bennington School of Dance</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bennington,_Vermont" title="Bennington, Vermont">Bennington, Vermont</a>, for two summers, where she studied under director <a href="/wiki/Martha_Hill" title="Martha Hill">Martha Hill</a> with choreographers <a href="/wiki/Martha_Graham" title="Martha Graham">Martha Graham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hanya_Holm" title="Hanya Holm">Hanya Holm</a>. After being accepted by Graham as a student in 1940, Bloomer moved to New York to live in <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Chelsea,_Manhattan" title="Chelsea, Manhattan">Chelsea</a> neighborhood; she worked as a fashion model for the <a href="/wiki/John_Robert_Powers" title="John Robert Powers">John Robert Powers</a> firm in order to finance her dance studies. She joined Graham's auxiliary troupe and eventually performed with the <a href="/wiki/Martha_Graham_Dance_Company" title="Martha Graham Dance Company">company</a> at <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Hall" title="Carnegie Hall">Carnegie Hall</a> in New York City.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-biography.com1-5">[5]</a> Bloomer's mother was opposed to her pursuing a career in dance and insisted that she return home, and, as a compromise, they agreed that Bloomer would return home for six months and, if she still wanted to return to New York City at the end of that time, her mother would not protest further. Bloomer became immersed in her life in Grand Rapids and did not return to New York. Her mother remarried, to family friend and neighbor Arthur Meigs Godwin, and Bloomer lived with them. She got a job as assistant to the fashion coordinator for <a href="/wiki/Herpolsheimer%27s" title="Herpolsheimer's">Herpolsheimer's</a>, a local <a href="/wiki/Department_store" title="Department store">department store</a>. She also organized her own dance group and taught dance at various sites in Grand Rapids, including the Calla Travis Dance Studio. She further taught <a href="/wiki/Ballroom_dancing" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballroom dancing">ballroom dancing</a> lessons for children with <a href="/wiki/Visual_impairment" title="Visual impairment">visual impairment</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hearing_loss" title="Hearing loss">hearing loss</a> and gave weekly dance lessons to African American children.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-biography.com1-5">[5]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marriage_to_William_G._Warren">Marriage to William G. Warren</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Marriage to William G. Warren">edit</a>]</div> In 1942, Elizabeth Bloomer married William G. Warren,<a href="#cite_note-biography.com1-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ford_1978_p22-4">[4]</a> whom she had known since she was 12.<a href="#cite_note-biography.com1-5">[5]</a> At the time they married, Warren worked for his own father in insurance sales. Shortly after they married, he began to sell insurance for another company. He later worked for the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Can_Company" title="Continental Can Company">Continental Can Company</a>, and after that for the <a href="/wiki/Widdicomb_Furniture_Company" title="Widdicomb Furniture Company">Widdicomb Furniture Company</a>. The couple moved frequently because of his work. At one point, they lived in <a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo, Ohio</a>, where Elizabeth was employed at the department store <a href="/wiki/Lasalle_%26_Koch" title="Lasalle & Koch">Lasalle & Koch</a> as a demonstrator, a job that entailed being a model and <a href="/wiki/Saleswoman" class="mw-redirect" title="Saleswoman">saleswoman</a>. She worked a production line for a <a href="/wiki/Frozen_food" title="Frozen food">frozen food</a> company in <a href="/wiki/Fulton,_Oswego_County,_New_York" title="Fulton, Oswego County, New York">Fulton, New York</a>. When they returned to Grand Rapids, she worked again at Herpolsheimer's, this time as the fashion coordinator.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> She had, three years into the marriage, concluded that their relationship was a failure. She desired to have a family with children and was unhappy with the frequent moves between cities she had experienced in her marriage.<a href="#cite_note-biography.com1-5">[5]</a> Warren was an alcoholic and <a href="/wiki/Diabetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Diabetic">diabetic</a>, and was in poor health. Shortly after she decided to file for divorce, Warren fell into a coma. She paused her divorce, and supported him, living at Warren's family's home for the next two years as his health recovered. During these two years, she lived upstairs while he was nursed downstairs.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> She worked jobs in order to support both herself and Warren. This experience has been credited with further cementing Ford's understanding of <a href="/wiki/Gender_pay_gap" title="Gender pay gap">gender-based income inequalities</a> between individuals doing the same work.<a href="#cite_note-biography.com1-5">[5]</a> After he recovered, they were divorced on September 22, 1947.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-biography.com1-5">[5]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marriage_to_Gerald_Ford_and_motherhood">Marriage to Gerald Ford and motherhood</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Marriage to Gerald Ford and motherhood">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gerald_R._Ford,_Jr.,_and_Betty_Ford_following_their_marriage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Gerald_R._Ford%2C_Jr.%2C_and_Betty_Ford_following_their_marriage.jpg/220px-Gerald_R._Ford%2C_Jr.%2C_and_Betty_Ford_following_their_marriage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Gerald_R._Ford%2C_Jr.%2C_and_Betty_Ford_following_their_marriage.jpg/330px-Gerald_R._Ford%2C_Jr.%2C_and_Betty_Ford_following_their_marriage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Gerald_R._Ford%2C_Jr.%2C_and_Betty_Ford_following_their_marriage.jpg/440px-Gerald_R._Ford%2C_Jr.%2C_and_Betty_Ford_following_their_marriage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1468" data-file-height="1859" /></a><figcaption>Betty and Gerald Ford on their wedding day, 1948</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gerald_Ford_and_Betty_Ford_Attending_a_Grand_Rapids_Campaign_Event_with_Dwight_Eisenhower_and_Mamie_Eisenhower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Gerald_Ford_and_Betty_Ford_Attending_a_Grand_Rapids_Campaign_Event_with_Dwight_Eisenhower_and_Mamie_Eisenhower.jpg/220px-Gerald_Ford_and_Betty_Ford_Attending_a_Grand_Rapids_Campaign_Event_with_Dwight_Eisenhower_and_Mamie_Eisenhower.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Gerald_Ford_and_Betty_Ford_Attending_a_Grand_Rapids_Campaign_Event_with_Dwight_Eisenhower_and_Mamie_Eisenhower.jpg/330px-Gerald_Ford_and_Betty_Ford_Attending_a_Grand_Rapids_Campaign_Event_with_Dwight_Eisenhower_and_Mamie_Eisenhower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Gerald_Ford_and_Betty_Ford_Attending_a_Grand_Rapids_Campaign_Event_with_Dwight_Eisenhower_and_Mamie_Eisenhower.jpg/440px-Gerald_Ford_and_Betty_Ford_Attending_a_Grand_Rapids_Campaign_Event_with_Dwight_Eisenhower_and_Mamie_Eisenhower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3218" /></a><figcaption>Betty and Gerald Ford join <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> and his wife <a href="/wiki/Mamie_Eisenhower" title="Mamie Eisenhower">Mamie Eisenhower</a> at a <a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">Grand Rapids</a>, Michigan, event for Dwight D. Eisenhower's <a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_presidential_election" title="1952 United States presidential election">1952</a> presidential campaign.</figcaption></figure> In August 1947, she was introduced by mutual friends to <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a>, a lawyer and <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> veteran who had just resumed his legal practice after returning from <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a> service, and was planning to run for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-biography.com1-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-timeline1-12">[12]</a> They married on October 15, 1948, at Grace <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_in_the_United_States_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Episcopal Church in the United States of America">Episcopal Church</a> in Grand Rapids. Gerald Ford was in the middle of his campaign for the U.S. House of Representatives. In the first of adjustments for politics, he had asked her to delay the wedding until shortly before the <a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">primary election</a> because, as <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> reported, "Jerry was running for Congress and wasn't sure how voters might feel about his marrying a divorced ex-dancer."<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> For their honeymoon, the two briefly traveled to <a href="/wiki/Ann_Arbor,_Michigan" title="Ann Arbor, Michigan">Ann Arbor, Michigan</a>, where they attended a <a href="/wiki/College_football" title="College football">college football</a> game between the <a href="/wiki/Michigan_Wolverines_football" title="Michigan Wolverines football">Michigan Wolverines</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Wildcats_football" title="Northwestern Wildcats football">Northwestern Wildcats</a>, before driving to <a href="/wiki/Owosso,_Michigan" title="Owosso, Michigan">Owosso, Michigan</a>, to attend a campaign rally for Republican presidential nominee <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dewey" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Dewey">Thomas Dewey</a>.<a href="#cite_note-timeline2-14">[14]</a> The Fords would ultimately be married for the next 58 years, until Gerald Ford's death.<a href="#cite_note-PBS-15">[15]</a> An anecdote that was later reported was that, when Gerald Ford left Grand Rapids for Washington, D.C., Betty Ford's new sister-in-law Janet Ford remarked to her, "with Jerry, you'll never have to worry about other women. Your cross will be his work."<a href="#cite_note-healy1-7">[7]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Ford_family.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/The_Ford_family.jpg/220px-The_Ford_family.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/The_Ford_family.jpg/330px-The_Ford_family.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/The_Ford_family.jpg/440px-The_Ford_family.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1883" data-file-height="1511" /></a><figcaption>The Fords with their children in 1959</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Ford_Family_in_the_Oval_Office.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/The_Ford_Family_in_the_Oval_Office.jpg/220px-The_Ford_Family_in_the_Oval_Office.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/The_Ford_Family_in_the_Oval_Office.jpg/330px-The_Ford_Family_in_the_Oval_Office.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/The_Ford_Family_in_the_Oval_Office.jpg/440px-The_Ford_Family_in_the_Oval_Office.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6699" data-file-height="4508" /></a><figcaption>Ford (third from left) and her family in the <a href="/wiki/Oval_Office" title="Oval Office">Oval Office</a> of the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> in 1974</figcaption></figure> Betty and Gerald Ford had four children together: Michael Gerald Ford (born 1950), <a href="/wiki/John_Gardner_Ford" class="mw-redirect" title="John Gardner Ford">John Gardner Ford</a> (nicknamed Jack; born 1952), <a href="/wiki/Steven_Ford" title="Steven Ford">Steven Meigs Ford</a> (born 1956), and <a href="/wiki/Susan_Ford_Bales" title="Susan Ford Bales">Susan Elizabeth Ford</a> (born 1957).<a href="#cite_note-:0-16">[16]</a> The Fords lived in Washington, D.C. after his election, until the spring of 1955, when the Fords moved into a house they constructed in the D.C. suburb of <a href="/wiki/Alexandria,_Virginia" title="Alexandria, Virginia">Alexandria</a>, Virginia.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-timeline2-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> Gerald Ford had ambitions to rise to the rank of <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">speaker of the house</a>, and therefore maintained a busy travel schedule, regularly crisscrossing the United States to fundraise and campaign on behalf of other Republicans in hopes that they would, in turn, provide him with the support he'd eventually need to become speaker. This meant that Gerald Ford was away from home for roughly half the year, placing a great burden on Ford to raise their children.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> As a mother, Ford never <a href="/wiki/Spank" class="mw-redirect" title="Spank">spanked</a> or hit her children, believing that there were better, more constructive ways to deal with <a href="/wiki/Child_discipline" title="Child discipline">discipline and punishment</a>.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Ford served as a <a href="/wiki/Parent-teacher_association" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent-teacher association">parent-teacher association</a> member, Sunday school teacher at Immanuel Church-on-the-Hill, and a <a href="/wiki/Cub_Scouting_(Boy_Scouts_of_America)" title="Cub Scouting (Boy Scouts of America)">Cub Scout</a> "den mother". She regularly drove her children around to their activities, such as her sons' <a href="/wiki/Little_League_Baseball" title="Little League Baseball">Little League Baseball</a> games and her daughter's dance classes. She was also involved in her husband's political career by fulfilling the commitments expected of congressional spouses to help elevate her husband's regard among his House colleagues. She accompanied her husband to congressional and White House events, as well as on some trips abroad, and made herself available to newspaper and magazine articles.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> Ford also posed for newspaper publicity photographs and was a clothing model for charity <a href="/wiki/Fashion_show" title="Fashion show">fashion shows</a>, after a Republican had urged her to do so since they felt that Democratic Party spouses had far outnumbered Republican spouses in such publicity-generating activity.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> Ford also <a href="/wiki/Volunteered" class="mw-redirect" title="Volunteered">volunteered</a> for local charitable organizations, including serving as the program director of the Alexandria Cancer Fund Drive.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> Ford also held active membership in groups such as the 81st Congress Club and <a href="/wiki/National_Federation_of_Republican_Women" title="National Federation of Republican Women">National Federation of Republican Women</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> Ford's busy life took a toll. In 1964, a <a href="/wiki/Pinched_nerve" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinched nerve">pinched nerve</a> on the left side of Ford's <a href="/wiki/Neck" title="Neck">neck</a> sent her to the hospital for two weeks. After her pinched nerve, she began suffering several effects, including <a href="/wiki/Muscle_spasms" class="mw-redirect" title="Muscle spasms">muscle spasms</a>, periphrasic neuropathy, <a href="/wiki/Numbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Numbing">numbing</a> the left side of her neck, and <a href="/wiki/Arthritis" title="Arthritis">arthritis</a> on her <a href="/wiki/Shoulder" title="Shoulder">shoulder</a> and arm. She would be given <a href="/wiki/Prescription_medication" class="mw-redirect" title="Prescription medication">prescription medication</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Valium" class="mw-redirect" title="Valium">Valium</a>. Ford would ultimately develop an <a href="/wiki/Prescription_drug_addiction" title="Prescription drug addiction">addiction to prescription medication</a> (and would ultimately confront and recover from this addiction in 1978).<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> Ford's health problems and the stress of her husband's career (which saw him frequently away from their household) compounded, particularly after her husband's career became even more demanding after he became <a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives">House minority leader</a> in January 1965. In 1965, Ford suffered a significant <a href="/wiki/Nervous_breakdown" class="mw-redirect" title="Nervous breakdown">nervous breakdown</a>, erupting in severe <a href="/wiki/Crying" title="Crying">crying</a> that had appeared inexplicable to others. This led her to seek <a href="/wiki/Psychiatric" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychiatric">psychiatric</a> assistance. Ford had weekly meetings with a <a href="/wiki/Psychiatrist" title="Psychiatrist">psychiatrist</a> approximately between August 1965 and April 1967.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> Ford received support from her family and managed to resume a busy lifestyle.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-lifechangeddramatically-20">[20]</a> However, notably, Ford had not yet managed to address her increasing prescription <a href="/wiki/Pain_medication" class="mw-redirect" title="Pain medication">pain medication</a> dependency, which sometimes saw her taking as many as twenty pills in a single day. Nor had she yet addressed her relationship with alcohol, which she, at the time, believed was typical consumption.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> Ford accompanied her husband on a trip to <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">mainland China</a> in 1972.<a href="#cite_note-Marks1-21">[21]</a> That same year, her husband brought up the possibility that he might retire from congress in 1977, which would make the <a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1974 United States House of Representatives election">1974 United States House of Representatives election</a> the last he would run in. This prospect elated Ford.<a href="#cite_note-lifechangeddramatically-20">[20]</a> Such talk was due to her husband seeing it as unlikely that he would ever fulfill his ambition of becoming speaker of the House in light of the Republican Party's failure to win a majority in the <a href="/wiki/1972_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1972 United States House of Representatives elections">1972 United States House of Representatives elections</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Second_Lady_of_the_United_States_(1973–1974)">Second Lady of the United States (1973–1974)</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Second Lady of the United States (1973–1974)">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mr._and_Mrs._Ford_and_Nixon_13_Oct_1973.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Mr._and_Mrs._Ford_and_Nixon_13_Oct_1973.jpg/220px-Mr._and_Mrs._Ford_and_Nixon_13_Oct_1973.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Mr._and_Mrs._Ford_and_Nixon_13_Oct_1973.jpg/330px-Mr._and_Mrs._Ford_and_Nixon_13_Oct_1973.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Mr._and_Mrs._Ford_and_Nixon_13_Oct_1973.jpg/440px-Mr._and_Mrs._Ford_and_Nixon_13_Oct_1973.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6422" data-file-height="4021" /></a><figcaption>The Fords pose with President <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> and First Lady <a href="/wiki/Pat_Nixon" title="Pat Nixon">Pat Nixon</a> on October 13, 1973, the day after President Nixon nominated Ford to be appointed as his new vice president.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Betty_Ford%27s_swearing_in_dress,_1973.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Betty_Ford%27s_swearing_in_dress%2C_1973.jpg/220px-Betty_Ford%27s_swearing_in_dress%2C_1973.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="440" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Betty_Ford%27s_swearing_in_dress%2C_1973.jpg/330px-Betty_Ford%27s_swearing_in_dress%2C_1973.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Betty_Ford%27s_swearing_in_dress%2C_1973.jpg/440px-Betty_Ford%27s_swearing_in_dress%2C_1973.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="4200" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Frankie_Welch" title="Frankie Welch">Frankie Welch</a>-designed dress that Ford wore to her husband's swearing-in as vice president</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Spiro_Agnew" title="Spiro Agnew">Spiro Agnew</a> resigned as vice president on October 10, 1973.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> Two days later, on October 12, 1973, President <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> nominated Gerald Ford to serve as vice president.<a href="#cite_note-timeline1-12">[12]</a> Ford felt an obligation to attend her husband's <a href="/wiki/Testimony" title="Testimony">testimony</a> at his confirmation hearings. During his testimony, Gerald Ford was questioned about attending psychiatric care. After this, Betty Ford was transparent with the news media that she had received psychiatric care. She explained that, while her husband had attended two sessions with a psychiatric doctor, those sessions were for her care, and not care of his own.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> Gerald Ford was confirmed as vice president by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> on December 6, 1973, and he took the <a href="/wiki/Oath_of_office" title="Oath of office">oath of office</a> before a <a href="/wiki/Joint_session_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Joint session of the United States Congress">joint session of the United States Congress</a> while placing his hand upon a bible that Betty Ford held.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-timeline1-12">[12]</a> With her husband assuming the office of vice president, Ford became the <a href="/wiki/Second_lady_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Second lady of the United States">second lady of the United States</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> Before the end of December, Ford played a role in establishing the Republican Women's Federal Forum, partnering with <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Bush" title="Barbara Bush">Barbara Bush</a>, whose husband <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> was <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Republican_National_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman of the Republican National Committee">chairman</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Committee" title="Republican National Committee">Republican National Committee</a> at the time. The organization sought to bring together political spouses and female government federal employees to discuss current party activates and ideas about legislation. Ford also, in a television interview with <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Walters" title="Barbara Walters">Barbara Walters</a>, expressed her support for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court">United States Supreme Court</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a> decision ruling <a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States" title="Abortion in the United States">abortion</a> as constitutionally protected.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> Ford remarked, "I agree with the Supreme Court's ruling. I think it's time to bring abortion out of the backwoods and put it in the hospitals, where it belongs." Disregarding criticism to her stance, Ford would remark, "Maybe I shouldn't have said it, but I couldn't lie. That's the way I feel."<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> The media "broke" the story that Ford had a previous marriage and had been divorced, initially reporting it as a secret revelation. However, Ford simply responded by giving the explanation that it was not something that she had tried to hide, but rather, something that she had only neglected to share with the news media because none of them had broached the subject in their previous questions to her. This response proved effective in killing the speculation that she was covering-up her past and earned her some admiration in the media.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> At one point, Ford disclosed to the public that her husband had previously promised her that he would retire from the House of Representatives in 1976 in order to return to private legal practice and dedicate more time to his family.<a href="#cite_note-Marks1-21">[21]</a> Ford became overwhelmed by the media attention she received and became somewhat reclusive for a period early into her time as second lady.<a href="#cite_note-Radcliffe1-24">[24]</a> However, by the spring of 1974, Ford was seen as embracing her position as second lady, becoming less reclusive and more active.<a href="#cite_note-Marks1-21">[21]</a> Ford would, ultimately, for most of the nine months that she was second lady, be a high-profile public figure.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> As she became a more active second lady, Ford adopted an objective of promoting the arts. In April 1974, she made her first official solo trip as second lady when she spent two-days visiting the states of <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> to help in publicizing the "ARTRAIN", which was a traveling exhibit of art, visual displays, and performance pieces housed in six <a href="/wiki/Railway_cars" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway cars">railway cars</a>, and which was to travel through small towns across the southern United States. Ford was the most prominent national supporter of the project.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Marks1-21">[21]</a> Her candor on this trip received a positive reception by the news media.<a href="#cite_note-Marks1-21">[21]</a> Among those that she met on the two-day trip was <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Governor" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgia Governor">Georgia Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> and his wife <a href="/wiki/Rosalynn_Carter" title="Rosalynn Carter">Rosalynn</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Radcliffe1-24">[24]</a> The Carters would ultimately go on to be the Fords' successors as president and first lady after Jimmy Carter defeated President Ford in the <a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">1976 United States presidential election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Radcliffe1-24">[24]</a> On May 31, 1973, Ford made her first major speech when she gave a <a href="/wiki/Commencement_address" class="mw-redirect" title="Commencement address">commencement address</a> to the graduates of the <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Choir_College" title="Westminster Choir College">Westminster Choir College</a>. This set a contrast with First Lady <a href="/wiki/Pat_Nixon" title="Pat Nixon">Pat Nixon</a>, who routinely rejected invitations to give formal speeches. Ford was also observed to be upgrading her wardrobe, adding <a href="/wiki/Designer_clothing" title="Designer clothing">designer clothing</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Marks1-21">[21]</a> In addition to the arts, Ford also gave focus to projects helping the <a href="/wiki/Disabled" class="mw-redirect" title="Disabled">disabled</a> during her time as second lady.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> On March 12, 1974, the Fords hosted a <a href="/wiki/List_of_state_dinners_in_the_United_States" title="List of state dinners in the United States">state dinner</a> for King <a href="/wiki/Hussein_of_Jordan" title="Hussein of Jordan">Hussein</a> of <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> after president Nixon, with a week's notice, asked Vice President Ford to take over for him in hosting the already-scheduled state dinner.<a href="#cite_note-alllthepresidents-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hussein1-26">[26]</a> The dinner was held in the John Quincy Adams Drawing Room, one of the <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_Reception_Rooms,_U.S._Department_of_State" title="Diplomatic Reception Rooms, U.S. Department of State">Diplomatic Reception Rooms</a> at the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a> headquarters at the <a href="/wiki/Harry_S_Truman_Building" title="Harry S Truman Building">Harry S Truman Building</a>.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> In June 1974, Ford attended the funeral of <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Williams_King" title="Alberta Williams King">Alberta Williams King</a>, the assassinated mother of the late <a href="/wiki/Civil_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil rights">civil rights</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a> Other <a href="/wiki/Nixon_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Nixon administration">Nixon administration</a> official figures did not attend, continuing with other obligations.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Radcliffe1-24">[24]</a> Ford was the only individual in attendance at the funeral not directly ingrained in the civil rights movement or black politics, with the exception of Georgia Governor Jimmy Carter.<a href="#cite_note-Radcliffe1-24">[24]</a> Ford's attendance at the funeral was, in actuality, a break from the administration. Ford had believed it to be of great importance for the administration to show an expression of direct concern pertaining to the assassination, while Nixon's staff disagreed with her. Ford also broke from the administration in giving her support to the prospect of federally-funded <a href="/wiki/Child_daycare" class="mw-redirect" title="Child daycare">child daycare</a>, which the Nixon administration opposed.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> Ford had an extremely busy schedule by July 1974. Magazines such as <a href="/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)" title="Vogue (magazine)">Vogue</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ladies_Home_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Ladies Home Journal">Ladies Home Journal</a> were planning to publish spreads on Ford in upcoming issues.<a href="#cite_note-Radcliffe1-24">[24]</a> With her husband, as vice president, tasked with heavily campaigning on behalf of his party for the <a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_elections" title="1974 United States elections">1974 midterm elections</a>, Ford occasionally hit the campaign trail herself. Ford had declared that she would be accompanying her husband at campaign functions, "when he wants me to."<a href="#cite_note-Marks1-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-Radcliffe1-24">[24]</a> The Fords had planned to make a diplomatic trip to European nations after the midterm elections.<a href="#cite_note-Marks1-21">[21]</a> Both Betty and Gerald Ford refused to comment on speculation that President Nixon might be forced out of office due to the <a href="/wiki/Watergate_scandal" title="Watergate scandal">Watergate scandal</a>. Ford did indirectly indicate her willingness to step into the role of first lady by affirming that she would make any sacrifices required for her husband to carry out his constitutional obligations, but also opined that it would be traumatic if the nation had to endure a president being forced from office. Ford also publicly expressed admiration and friendship toward First Lady <a href="/wiki/Pat_Nixon" title="Pat Nixon">Pat Nixon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="First_Lady_of_the_United_States_(1974–1977)">First Lady of the United States (1974–1977)</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: First Lady of the United States (1974–1977)">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ford_sworn-in.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ford_sworn-in.jpg/220px-Ford_sworn-in.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ford_sworn-in.jpg/330px-Ford_sworn-in.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ford_sworn-in.jpg/440px-Ford_sworn-in.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6366" data-file-height="4258" /></a><figcaption>Vice President <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> is sworn in as the 38th President of the United States by Chief Justice <a href="/wiki/Warren_Burger" class="mw-redirect" title="Warren Burger">Warren Burger</a> in the <a href="/wiki/East_Room" title="East Room">East Room</a> at the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> as Betty Ford looks on.</figcaption></figure> On August 9, 1974, after the <a href="/wiki/Resignation_of_Richard_Nixon" class="mw-redirect" title="Resignation of Richard Nixon">resignation of Richard Nixon</a> (who was facing the prospect of likely <a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment in the United States">impeachment</a> and removal from office), Gerald Ford ascended to the position of president of the United States<a href="#cite_note-timeline1-12">[12]</a> and Betty Ford became the <a href="/wiki/First_lady_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="First lady of the United States">first lady of the United States</a>. As was the case during Gerald Ford's vice presidential swearing-in, Betty Ford held the Bible upon which he placed his hand while taking his <a href="/wiki/Oath_of_office_of_the_president_of_the_United_States" title="Oath of office of the president of the United States">oath of office</a>. In his remarks at <a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Gerald_Ford" title="Inauguration of Gerald Ford">his inauguration</a>, Gerald Ford remarked, "I am indebted to no man and only one woman, my dear wife, Betty, as I begin this very difficult job."<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_image,_influence,_and_candor">Public image, influence, and candor</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Public image, influence, and candor">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_President_and_Mrs._Ford_Holding_Hands_While_Riding_in_the_President%27s_Limousine_on_a_Chicago,_Illinois..._-_NARA_-_186761.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Photograph_of_President_and_Mrs._Ford_Holding_Hands_While_Riding_in_the_President%27s_Limousine_on_a_Chicago%2C_Illinois..._-_NARA_-_186761.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Photograph_of_President_and_Mrs._Ford_Holding_Hands_While_Riding_in_the_President%27s_Limousine_on_a_Chicago%2C_Illinois..._-_NARA_-_186761.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Photograph_of_President_and_Mrs._Ford_Holding_Hands_While_Riding_in_the_President%27s_Limousine_on_a_Chicago%2C_Illinois..._-_NARA_-_186761.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Photograph_of_President_and_Mrs._Ford_Holding_Hands_While_Riding_in_the_President%27s_Limousine_on_a_Chicago%2C_Illinois..._-_NARA_-_186761.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Photograph_of_President_and_Mrs._Ford_Holding_Hands_While_Riding_in_the_President%27s_Limousine_on_a_Chicago%2C_Illinois..._-_NARA_-_186761.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Photograph_of_President_and_Mrs._Ford_Holding_Hands_While_Riding_in_the_President%27s_Limousine_on_a_Chicago%2C_Illinois..._-_NARA_-_186761.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2084" /></a><figcaption>Betty and Gerald Ford riding in the presidential limousine in 1974</figcaption></figure> At the time her husband assumed the presidency, reporters speculated on what kind of first lady Ford would be, as they thought her predecessor, Pat Nixon, as noted by one reporter, to be the "most disciplined, composed first lady in history."<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Ford ultimately became a popular and influential first lady. In the opinion of The New York Times and several presidential historians, "Mrs. Ford's impact on American culture may be far wider and more lasting than that of her husband, who served a mere 896 days, much of it spent trying to restore the dignity of the office of the president."<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> She was regarded to be the most politically outspoken first lady since <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a>,<a href="#cite_note-healy1-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> whom she regarded as a role model.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> Active in social policy, Ford broke new ground as a politically active presidential spouse.<a href="#cite_note-Time-32">[32]</a> Repeatedly speaking out on women's issues, Ford was a leader in championing the changing status of women in American society. Ford surprised the media and the public by explicitly supporting a woman's right to an abortion, the <a href="/wiki/Equal_Rights_Amendment" title="Equal Rights Amendment">Equal Rights Amendment</a> (ERA), and grass roots activism. Ford took these stances despite recognizing that they created a political risk of <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">conservative</a> backlash against her husband. However, not everything Ford did as first lady broke tradition. Ford also enjoyed the traditional role as hostess of the White House and on a daily basis spent most of her energy on the family, health, and serving as a surrogate for her husband on the political campaign trail.<a href="#cite_note-Tobin-33">[33]</a> Steinhauer of The New York Times described Ford as "a product and symbol of the cultural and political times—doing <a href="/wiki/Bump_(dance)" title="Bump (dance)">the Bump</a> dance along the corridors of the White House, donning a <a href="/wiki/Mood_ring" title="Mood ring">mood ring</a>, chatting on her <a href="/wiki/CB_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="CB radio">CB radio</a> with the handle First Mama—a housewife who argued passionately for equal rights for women, a mother of four who mused about drugs, abortion and <a href="/wiki/Premarital_sex" title="Premarital sex">premarital sex</a> aloud and without regret."<a href="#cite_note-nytimes2006-34">[34]</a> Ford was open about the benefits of <a href="/wiki/Psychiatric_treatment" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychiatric treatment">psychiatric treatment</a> and spoke understandingly about <a href="/wiki/Cannabis_(drug)" title="Cannabis (drug)">marijuana</a> use and premarital sex.<a href="#cite_note-millercenter-35">[35]</a> The New York News Service wrote that Ford was, "constitutionally incapable of uttering 'no comment' or otherwise fudging an answer."<a href="#cite_note-NYN1-36">[36]</a> As first lady, remarking on her honest candor and the sometimes-controversial remarks it resulted in, Ford declared, "I am not very good at making up stories." In another instance, she commented, "it's just impossible for me to lie and look someone in the eyes and talk to them. This is my problem."<a href="#cite_note-healy1-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYN1-36">[36]</a> While President Ford never attempted to silence his wife, some of his senior staff resented her independent candor.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Brown_Klapthor" title="Margaret Brown Klapthor">Margaret Brown Klapthor</a> later wrote of Ford's candor, "she has the self-confidence to express herself with humor and forthrightness whether she speaks to friends, to the press or to a multitude."<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_CBS_Correspondent_Morley_Safer_in_the_White_House_Solarium_Prior_to_Taping_a_60_Minutes_Segment_-_NARA_-_30805901.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_CBS_Correspondent_Morley_Safer_in_the_White_House_Solarium_Prior_to_Taping_a_60_Minutes_Segment_-_NARA_-_30805901.jpg/220px-First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_CBS_Correspondent_Morley_Safer_in_the_White_House_Solarium_Prior_to_Taping_a_60_Minutes_Segment_-_NARA_-_30805901.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_CBS_Correspondent_Morley_Safer_in_the_White_House_Solarium_Prior_to_Taping_a_60_Minutes_Segment_-_NARA_-_30805901.jpg/330px-First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_CBS_Correspondent_Morley_Safer_in_the_White_House_Solarium_Prior_to_Taping_a_60_Minutes_Segment_-_NARA_-_30805901.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_CBS_Correspondent_Morley_Safer_in_the_White_House_Solarium_Prior_to_Taping_a_60_Minutes_Segment_-_NARA_-_30805901.jpg/440px-First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_CBS_Correspondent_Morley_Safer_in_the_White_House_Solarium_Prior_to_Taping_a_60_Minutes_Segment_-_NARA_-_30805901.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3614" /></a><figcaption>Ford sits in the White House Solarium with <a href="/wiki/Morley_Safer" title="Morley Safer">Morley Safer</a> before filming <a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford%27s_August_1975_60_Minutes_interview" title="Betty Ford's August 1975 60 Minutes interview">her August 1975 60 Minutes interview with him</a>.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford%27s_August_1975_60_Minutes_interview" title="Betty Ford's August 1975 60 Minutes interview">Ford filmed an interview with the television news program 60 Minutes which was broadcast on August 10, 1975</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> The broadcast of the interview saw strong interest from the public.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> After the interview aired, a number of Ford's remarks in this interview on hot-button issues generated particularly immense media attention.<a href="#cite_note-healy1-7">[7]</a> Due to conservative backlash from Ford's comments on <a href="/wiki/Premarital_sex" title="Premarital sex">premarital sex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marijuana" class="mw-redirect" title="Marijuana">marijuana</a> use, and abortion in the 60 Minutes interview, President Ford initially quipped to her that her comments had lost him a large number of votes.<a href="#cite_note-healy1-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-nytimes2006-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-biggerrole-38">[38]</a> However, polling would show that her comments were accepted by many Americans.<a href="#cite_note-healy1-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-biggerrole-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-box39-39">[39]</a> In 1975, when <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a> named the "American women" as its "<a href="/wiki/Time_Person_of_the_Year" title="Time Person of the Year">Person of the Year</a>",<a href="#cite_note-time1-40">[40]</a> the magazine profiled Ford as one of eleven women selected to represent "American women". That same year, <a href="/wiki/People_(magazine)" title="People (magazine)">People</a> named Ford one of the three most intriguing people in America.<a href="#cite_note-Tucker1-41">[41]</a> In 1977, the <a href="/wiki/World_Almanac" class="mw-redirect" title="World Almanac">World Almanac</a> included Ford in its ranking of the 25 most-influential American women.<a href="#cite_note-box39-39">[39]</a> In January 1976, Ford made a <a href="/wiki/Cameo_appearance" title="Cameo appearance">cameo appearance</a> on the popular television program <a href="/wiki/The_Mary_Tyler_Moore_Show" title="The Mary Tyler Moore Show">The Mary Tyler Moore Show</a>.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mary_Tyler_Moore_Betty_Ford_Ed_Weinberger_Hay-Adams_Hotel_1975.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Mary_Tyler_Moore_Betty_Ford_Ed_Weinberger_Hay-Adams_Hotel_1975.jpg/220px-Mary_Tyler_Moore_Betty_Ford_Ed_Weinberger_Hay-Adams_Hotel_1975.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Mary_Tyler_Moore_Betty_Ford_Ed_Weinberger_Hay-Adams_Hotel_1975.jpg/330px-Mary_Tyler_Moore_Betty_Ford_Ed_Weinberger_Hay-Adams_Hotel_1975.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Mary_Tyler_Moore_Betty_Ford_Ed_Weinberger_Hay-Adams_Hotel_1975.jpg/440px-Mary_Tyler_Moore_Betty_Ford_Ed_Weinberger_Hay-Adams_Hotel_1975.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2348" /></a><figcaption>Ford in November 1975, sitting at the <a href="/wiki/Hay%E2%80%93Adams_Hotel" title="Hay–Adams Hotel">Hay–Adams Hotel</a> with television producer <a href="/wiki/Ed_Weinberger" class="mw-redirect" title="Ed Weinberger">Ed Weinberger</a> and actress <a href="/wiki/Mary_Tyler_Moore" title="Mary Tyler Moore">Mary Tyler Moore</a> during the filming of Ford's <a href="/wiki/Cameo_appearance" title="Cameo appearance">cameo appearance</a> on <a href="/wiki/The_Mary_Tyler_Moore_Show" title="The Mary Tyler Moore Show">The Mary Tyler Moore Show</a></figcaption></figure> The Fords were among the more openly affectionate first couples in United States history. Neither was shy about their mutual love and equal respect, and they were known to have a strong personal and political partnership.<a href="#cite_note-PBS-15">[15]</a> This open affection was evident from the beginning of Gerald Ford's presidency. Ford was observed audibly telling her husband "I love you" following a kiss they shared right after he was sworn in as president. Later that day, President Ford was caught momentarily patting Betty's <a href="/wiki/Buttocks" title="Buttocks">buttocks</a> before the press gathered outside of their Virginia residence.<a href="#cite_note-healy1-7">[7]</a> Weeks later, when the Fords moved from their Virginia residence into the White House<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> their <a href="/wiki/Bed_size" title="Bed size">king size</a> bed was photographed being moved into the White House, which prompted Betty to quip that they had been outed for breaking the tradition of first couples keeping separate bedrooms in the White House.<a href="#cite_note-healy1-7">[7]</a> Early into her time in the White House, during a televised tour of the White House, Ford once again noted that she and her husband shared the same bed.<a href="#cite_note-millercenter-35">[35]</a> In a 1975 interview with <a href="/wiki/McCall%27s" title="McCall's">McCall's</a>, Ford remarked that she was asked just about everything, except for how often she and the president had sex. "And if they'd asked me that I would have told them," she said, adding that her response would be, "as often as possible."<a href="#cite_note-washingtonpost-10">[10]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Popularity">Popularity</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Popularity">edit</a>]</div> Ford was popular with the American public. Her overall approval rating was, at times, as high as 75%.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes2006-34">[34]</a> Ford's popularity often was higher than her husband's.<a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> Ford said, during her husband's failed <a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">1976</a> presidential campaign, "I would give my life to have Jerry have my poll numbers."<a href="#cite_note-nytimes2006-34">[34]</a> This reflects a common trend of American first ladies often being more popular than the presidents to whom they are married.<a href="#cite_note-roper1-43">[43]</a> Ford ranked as one of the top-10 most admired women in the results of <a href="/wiki/Gallup_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallup (company)">Gallup</a>'s annual <a href="/wiki/Gallup%27s_most_admired_man_and_woman_poll" title="Gallup's most admired man and woman poll">most admired man and woman poll</a> every year from 1974 (the year her husband first became president) through 1991,<a href="#cite_note-1985a-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gallup1999-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-multiple_gallup-46">[46]</a> with the exception of Gallup having not conducted such a poll in 1976 (the final full year of her husband's presidency).<a href="#cite_note-gallup1-47">[47]</a> The poll gauges Americans' most admired men and women without providing respondents any pre-arranged list of names.<a href="#cite_note-1985a-44">[44]</a> In 1974, Ford placed second in the poll.<a href="#cite_note-1974gallup1-48">[48]</a> She placed first in 1975.<a href="#cite_note-gallup1-47">[47]</a> In 1977, the year her husband left office, she placed fourth.<a href="#cite_note-1977gallup2-49">[49]</a> After her tenure as first lady ended, she would top the poll for a second time in 1978, the year she had established herself as an advocate for people with drug and alcohol dependence.<a href="#cite_note-gallup1-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gallup1999-45">[45]</a> Contrarily to her, while President Ford ranked in the top-10 positions of most admired men in multiple years,<a href="#cite_note-:22-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> he never managed to top it.<a href="#cite_note-gallup1-47">[47]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Good_Housekeeping" title="Good Housekeeping">Good Housekeeping</a>'s annual readers' poll of most admired women, Ford placed second in 1974<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> and first in 1975.<a href="#cite_note-Tucker1-41">[41]</a> By late-1975, <a href="/wiki/The_Harris_Poll" title="The Harris Poll">Harris</a> found Ford to have established herself as one of America's most popular first ladies.<a href="#cite_note-biggerrole-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tobin-33">[33]</a> In January 1976, the editors of the New York News Service wrote that Ford was, "one of the most charming and popular First Ladies ever to occupy the White House".<a href="#cite_note-NYN1-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ranking_in_Gallup's_annual_poll_of_"Most_Admired_Women"">Ranking in Gallup's annual poll of "Most Admired Women"</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Ranking in Gallup's annual poll of "Most Admired Women"">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption><a href="#cite_note-1985a-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gallup1999-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-multiple_gallup-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-1974gallup1-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-gallup1-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-1977gallup2-49">[49]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Rank</th> <th rowspan="7"></th> <th>Year</th> <th>Rank</th> <th rowspan="7"></th> <th>Year</th> <th>Rank </th></tr> <tr> <td>1974</td> <td>2nd</td> <td>1980</td> <td>3rd</td> <td>1986</td> <td>8th </td></tr> <tr> <td>1975</td> <td>1st</td> <td>1981</td> <td>5th</td> <td>1987</td> <td>7th </td></tr> <tr> <td>1976</td> <td>no poll conducted</td> <td>1982</td> <td>8th</td> <td>1988</td> <td>5th </td></tr> <tr> <td>1977</td> <td>4th</td> <td>1983</td> <td>4th</td> <td>1989</td> <td>7th </td></tr> <tr> <td>1978</td> <td>1st</td> <td>1984</td> <td>6th</td> <td>1990</td> <td>8th </td></tr> <tr> <td>1979</td> <td>5th (tied with <a href="/wiki/Jaclyn_Smith" title="Jaclyn Smith">Jaclyn Smith</a>)</td> <td>1985</td> <td>7th</td> <td>1991</td> <td>10th </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Approval_polling">Approval polling</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Approval polling">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 75%;"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Voter_segments_in_political_polling" title="Voter segments in political polling">Segment polled</a> </th> <th>Polling group </th> <th>Date </th> <th>Approve </th> <th>Disapprove </th> <th>Sample size </th> <th>Margin-of-error </th> <th>Source </th></tr> <tr> <td>National poll </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roper_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Roper Center">Roper Center</a> </td> <td>1976 </td> <td style="background:#006800; color: white">71% </td> <td>24% </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-roper1-43">[43]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>National poll </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roper_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Roper Center">Roper Center</a> </td> <td>1975 </td> <td style="background:#006800; color: white">50% </td> <td>36% </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-roper1-43">[43]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Social_policy_and_political_activism">Social policy and political activism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Social policy and political activism">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_a_Woman_Holding_a_Sign_in_Portland_Maine,_Supporting_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_For_Her_Stance_on_Various..._-_NARA_-_186817.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Photograph_of_a_Woman_Holding_a_Sign_in_Portland_Maine%2C_Supporting_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_For_Her_Stance_on_Various..._-_NARA_-_186817.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Photograph_of_a_Woman_Holding_a_Sign_in_Portland_Maine%2C_Supporting_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_For_Her_Stance_on_Various..._-_NARA_-_186817.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Photograph_of_a_Woman_Holding_a_Sign_in_Portland_Maine%2C_Supporting_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_For_Her_Stance_on_Various..._-_NARA_-_186817.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Photograph_of_a_Woman_Holding_a_Sign_in_Portland_Maine%2C_Supporting_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_For_Her_Stance_on_Various..._-_NARA_-_186817.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Photograph_of_a_Woman_Holding_a_Sign_in_Portland_Maine%2C_Supporting_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_For_Her_Stance_on_Various..._-_NARA_-_186817.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Photograph_of_a_Woman_Holding_a_Sign_in_Portland_Maine%2C_Supporting_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_For_Her_Stance_on_Various..._-_NARA_-_186817.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2075" /></a><figcaption>A sign being displayed in <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Maine" title="Portland, Maine">Portland</a>, Maine, in August 1975 expressing support for Ford's stance on various women's issues</figcaption></figure> During her time as first lady, Ford was an outspoken advocate of <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights" title="Women's rights">women's rights</a> and was a prominent force in the <a href="/wiki/Feminist_Movement_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Feminist Movement in the United States">Women's Movement of the 1970s</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CNN_Transcript-55">[55]</a> Her active political role prompted <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a> to call her the country's "Fighting First Lady" and was the reason they profiled her, among several others, to represent the "American Women" as the magazine's 1975 <a href="/wiki/Time_Person_of_the_Year" title="Time Person of the Year">Person of the Year</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Time-32">[32]</a> On September 4, 1974, weeks after becoming first lady, Ford conducted a press conference in the <a href="/wiki/State_Dining_Room_of_the_White_House" title="State Dining Room of the White House">State Dining Room of the White House</a> in which she remarked that she, "would like to be remembered in a very kind way; also as a constructive wife of a president."<a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Lady_Betty_Ford%E2%80%99s_%E2%80%9CBloomer_Flag%E2%80%9D.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/First_Lady_Betty_Ford%E2%80%99s_%E2%80%9CBloomer_Flag%E2%80%9D.jpg/220px-First_Lady_Betty_Ford%E2%80%99s_%E2%80%9CBloomer_Flag%E2%80%9D.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/First_Lady_Betty_Ford%E2%80%99s_%E2%80%9CBloomer_Flag%E2%80%9D.jpg/330px-First_Lady_Betty_Ford%E2%80%99s_%E2%80%9CBloomer_Flag%E2%80%9D.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/First_Lady_Betty_Ford%E2%80%99s_%E2%80%9CBloomer_Flag%E2%80%9D.jpg/440px-First_Lady_Betty_Ford%E2%80%99s_%E2%80%9CBloomer_Flag%E2%80%9D.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3200" /></a><figcaption>A handmade flag given to Betty Ford that demonstrates her support for the <a href="/wiki/Equal_Rights_Amendment" title="Equal Rights Amendment">Equal Rights Amendment</a></figcaption></figure> Ford avidly supported the proposed Equal Rights Amendment. In her September 4, 1974 press conference, Ford declared her support for it.<a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> Ford lobbied state legislatures to ratify the amendment, and took on opponents of the amendment.<a href="#cite_note-CNN_Transcript-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tobin-33">[33]</a> Ford utilized <a href="/wiki/Phone_calls" class="mw-redirect" title="Phone calls">phone calls</a>, letter-writing, and <a href="/wiki/Telegrams" class="mw-redirect" title="Telegrams">telegrams</a> as means of lobbying in support of the ERA.<a href="#cite_note-Tobin-33">[33]</a> Ford was also unapologetically <a href="/wiki/Pro-choice" class="mw-redirect" title="Pro-choice">pro-abortion rights</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-CNN_Transcript-55">[55]</a> In a 1975 interview with the news program 60 Minutes, Ford called <a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a> a "great, great decision".<a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> Ford's abortion position differed from the political platform of the Republican Party.<a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> For a long time, it was unclear whether Gerald Ford shared his wife's pro-abortion rights viewpoint. In December 1999, he told interviewer <a href="/wiki/Larry_King" title="Larry King">Larry King</a> that he, too, was pro-abortion rights and had been criticized for that stance by conservative forces within the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CNN_Transcript-55">[55]</a> Ford successfully lobbied her husband to, in 1975, sign an <a href="/wiki/Executive_order" title="Executive order">executive order</a> to establish the <a href="/wiki/National_Commission_on_the_Observance_of_International_Women%27s_Year" title="National Commission on the Observance of International Women's Year">National Commission on the Observance of International Women's Year</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> Ford also, unsuccessfully, lobbied her husband to appoint the first woman to the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a><a href="#cite_note-healy1-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tobin-33">[33]</a> or as a <a href="/wiki/Running_mate" title="Running mate">running mate</a> in the 1976 election.<a href="#cite_note-Tobin-33">[33]</a> Ford took personal credit for the appointment of <a href="/wiki/Carla_Anderson_Hills" title="Carla Anderson Hills">Carla Anderson Hills</a> as <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of Housing and Urban Development">secretary of Housing and Urban Development</a>.<a href="#cite_note-healy1-7">[7]</a> In May 1975, during a four-day trip,<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Ford met with former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Republic_of_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of the Republic of Vietnam">Prime Minister of the Republic of Vietnam</a> <a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Cao_K%E1%BB%B3" title="Nguyễn Cao Kỳ">Nguyễn Cao Kỳ</a> to discuss Southeast Asian refugees. Afterwards, Ford stated she was impressed with the conduct of the refugees.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> Ford's involvement in political issues received some conservative criticism. <a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Schlafly" title="Phyllis Schlafly">Phyllis Schlafly</a> accused Ford of acting improperly by intervening in state affairs. Some women protested Ford's lobbying for the ERA by carrying placards outside of the White House reading "Betty Ford, Get Off the Phone".<a href="#cite_note-Tobin-33">[33]</a> On June 30, 1976, Ford attended the opening of "Remember the Ladies", a Revolutionary War-era women's exhibit. She drew boos from demonstrators against the Equal Rights Amendment in stating, "This exhibit about neglected Americans should give us strength and courage to seek equal rights for women today."<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_and_breast_cancer_awareness">Health and breast cancer awareness</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Health and breast cancer awareness">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_President_Gerald_Ford_and_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_in_the_President%27s_Suite_at_Bethesda_Naval_Hospital..._-_NARA_-_186774.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Photograph_of_President_Gerald_Ford_and_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_in_the_President%27s_Suite_at_Bethesda_Naval_Hospital..._-_NARA_-_186774.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Photograph_of_President_Gerald_Ford_and_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_in_the_President%27s_Suite_at_Bethesda_Naval_Hospital..._-_NARA_-_186774.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Photograph_of_President_Gerald_Ford_and_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_in_the_President%27s_Suite_at_Bethesda_Naval_Hospital..._-_NARA_-_186774.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Photograph_of_President_Gerald_Ford_and_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_in_the_President%27s_Suite_at_Bethesda_Naval_Hospital..._-_NARA_-_186774.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Photograph_of_President_Gerald_Ford_and_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_in_the_President%27s_Suite_at_Bethesda_Naval_Hospital..._-_NARA_-_186774.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Photograph_of_President_Gerald_Ford_and_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_in_the_President%27s_Suite_at_Bethesda_Naval_Hospital..._-_NARA_-_186774.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2031" /></a><figcaption>President Ford sits at Betty's bedside at <a href="/wiki/Bethesda_Naval_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Bethesda Naval Hospital">Bethesda Naval Hospital</a> on October 2, 1974, as she recovers from her <a href="/wiki/Mastectomy" title="Mastectomy">mastectomy</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Betty_Ford_and_Rosalind_Russell_(1976-05-11)(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Betty_Ford_and_Rosalind_Russell_%281976-05-11%29%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="189" height="161" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="189" data-file-height="161" /></a><figcaption>Ford hosts actress <a href="/wiki/Rosalind_Russell" title="Rosalind Russell">Rosalind Russell</a> at the White House on May 11, 1976. Russell was suffering from breast cancer, and would die 6 months later.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Viewing_the_Queen%27s_Sitting_Room_during_a_Tour_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_23869117.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Viewing_the_Queen%27s_Sitting_Room_during_a_Tour_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_23869117.jpg/220px-First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Viewing_the_Queen%27s_Sitting_Room_during_a_Tour_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_23869117.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Viewing_the_Queen%27s_Sitting_Room_during_a_Tour_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_23869117.jpg/330px-First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Viewing_the_Queen%27s_Sitting_Room_during_a_Tour_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_23869117.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Viewing_the_Queen%27s_Sitting_Room_during_a_Tour_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_23869117.jpg/440px-First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Viewing_the_Queen%27s_Sitting_Room_during_a_Tour_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_23869117.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3590" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>Ford viewing the Queen's Sitting Room during a Tour of the White House, 1977</figcaption></figure> Weeks after Ford became first lady, she underwent a <a href="/wiki/Mastectomy" title="Mastectomy">mastectomy</a> for breast cancer on September 28, 1974, after having been diagnosed with the disease.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> Ford decided to be open about her illness because "There had been so much cover-up during <a href="/wiki/Watergate_Scandal" class="mw-redirect" title="Watergate Scandal">Watergate</a> that we wanted to be sure there would be no cover-up in the Ford administration."<a href="#cite_note-Timeobit-60">[60]</a> Her openness about her cancer and treatment raised the visibility of a disease that Americans had previously been reluctant to talk about. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">"When other women have this same operation, it doesn't make any headlines," she told <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a>. "But the fact that I was the wife of the President put it in headlines and brought before the public this particular experience I was going through. It made a lot of women realize that it could happen to them. I'm sure I've saved at least one person—maybe more."<a href="#cite_note-cancer-61">[61]</a></blockquote> Adding to heightened public <a href="/wiki/Awareness_of_breast_cancer" class="mw-redirect" title="Awareness of breast cancer">awareness of breast cancer</a> were reports that several weeks after Ford's cancer surgery, <a href="/wiki/Happy_Rockefeller" title="Happy Rockefeller">Happy Rockefeller</a>, the wife of Vice President <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Rockefeller" title="Nelson Rockefeller">Nelson Rockefeller</a>, also had a mastectomy.<a href="#cite_note-cancer-61">[61]</a> The spike in women <a href="/wiki/Breast_self-examination" title="Breast self-examination">self-examining</a> after Ford went public with the diagnosis led to an increase in reported cases of breast cancer, a phenomenon known as the "Betty Ford blip".<a href="#cite_note-Timeobit-60">[60]</a> According to Tasha N. Dubriwny, the massive media coverage of Ford's mastectomy was constrained by stereotypical <a href="/wiki/Gender_role" title="Gender role">gender roles</a>, particularly the need for breast cancer patients to maintain their femininity. Betty Ford was portrayed as an ideal patient within a success narrative that presented the key sequences of her breast cancer diagnosis and treatment in a progressive, linear fashion that inspired optimism. Her coverage minimized the complexity of breast cancer as a disease and ignored the debates surrounding best treatment practices. It amounted to an aestheticization of breast cancer and her coverage became the major discursive model for looking at all breast cancer survivors.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> After her mastectomy, Ford received <a href="/wiki/Chemotherapy" title="Chemotherapy">chemotherapy</a> treatments and saw regular checkups. White House Physician William M. Lukash claimed in a March 1975 statement that Ford was suffering no side effects from her chemotherapy.<a href="#cite_note-NYTMarch1975a-63">[63]</a> In March 1975, Ford temporarily cut back her schedule after suffering a flareup of her chronic arthritis.<a href="#cite_note-NYTMarch1975a-63">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_arts">The arts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: The arts">edit</a>]</div> As First Lady, Ford was an advocate of the arts. She successfully lobbied her husband to award the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a> to choreographer and dancer <a href="/wiki/Martha_Graham" title="Martha Graham">Martha Graham</a> in 1976. She received an award from <a href="/wiki/Parsons_The_New_School_for_Design" class="mw-redirect" title="Parsons The New School for Design">Parsons The New School for Design</a> in recognition of her style.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State_dinners">State dinners</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: State dinners">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_state_dinners_in_the_United_States" title="List of state dinners in the United States">List of state dinners in the United States</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King_Hussein_of_Jordan,_President_Gerald_R._Ford,_First_Lady_Betty_Ford,_and_Queen_Alia_Standing_in_the_North_Portico_of_the_White_House_Prior_to_a_State_Dinner_-_NARA_-_23869121.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/King_Hussein_of_Jordan%2C_President_Gerald_R._Ford%2C_First_Lady_Betty_Ford%2C_and_Queen_Alia_Standing_in_the_North_Portico_of_the_White_House_Prior_to_a_State_Dinner_-_NARA_-_23869121.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/King_Hussein_of_Jordan%2C_President_Gerald_R._Ford%2C_First_Lady_Betty_Ford%2C_and_Queen_Alia_Standing_in_the_North_Portico_of_the_White_House_Prior_to_a_State_Dinner_-_NARA_-_23869121.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/King_Hussein_of_Jordan%2C_President_Gerald_R._Ford%2C_First_Lady_Betty_Ford%2C_and_Queen_Alia_Standing_in_the_North_Portico_of_the_White_House_Prior_to_a_State_Dinner_-_NARA_-_23869121.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3579" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>Betty and Gerald Ford with King <a href="/wiki/Hussein_of_Jordan" title="Hussein of Jordan">Hussein</a> and Queen <a href="/wiki/Alia_Toukan" title="Alia Toukan">Alia</a> of <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> at the first <a href="/wiki/List_of_state_dinners_in_the_United_States" title="List of state dinners in the United States">state dinner</a> of Gerald Ford's presidency on August 16, 1974</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anne-Aymone_Giscard_d%27Estaing,_First_Lady_Betty_Ford,_President_Valery_Giscard_d%27Estaing_of_France,_and_President_Gerald_R._Ford_Talking_at_the_Close_of_a_Receiving_Line_at_a_State_Dinner_-_NARA_-_23869223.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Anne-Aymone_Giscard_d%27Estaing%2C_First_Lady_Betty_Ford%2C_President_Valery_Giscard_d%27Estaing_of_France%2C_and_President_Gerald_R._Ford_Talking_at_the_Close_of_a_Receiving_Line_at_a_State_Dinner_-_NARA_-_23869223.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Anne-Aymone_Giscard_d%27Estaing%2C_First_Lady_Betty_Ford%2C_President_Valery_Giscard_d%27Estaing_of_France%2C_and_President_Gerald_R._Ford_Talking_at_the_Close_of_a_Receiving_Line_at_a_State_Dinner_-_NARA_-_23869223.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Anne-Aymone_Giscard_d%27Estaing%2C_First_Lady_Betty_Ford%2C_President_Valery_Giscard_d%27Estaing_of_France%2C_and_President_Gerald_R._Ford_Talking_at_the_Close_of_a_Receiving_Line_at_a_State_Dinner_-_NARA_-_23869223.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3651" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>Betty and Gerald with French President <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a> and his wife <a href="/wiki/Anne-Aymone_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Anne-Aymone Giscard d'Estaing">Anne-Aymone Giscard d'Estaing</a> at a May 17, 1976, state dinner in their honor</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BettyFordNARA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/BettyFordNARA.jpg/220px-BettyFordNARA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/BettyFordNARA.jpg/330px-BettyFordNARA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/BettyFordNARA.jpg/440px-BettyFordNARA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="745" data-file-height="504" /></a><figcaption>The Fords host Queen <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a> and her husband the <a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">Duke of Edinburgh</a> in the <a href="/wiki/President%27s_Dining_Room" title="President's Dining Room">President's Dining Room</a> during a 1976 <a href="/wiki/State_visit" title="State visit">state visit</a>.</figcaption></figure> Despite the brevity of her husband's presidency (roughly two and a half years), he hosted 33 state dinners, the fifth most state dinners of any United States president.<a href="#cite_note-alllthepresidents-25">[25]</a> The first of these came only a week into Ford's presidency, hosting King <a href="/wiki/Hussein_of_Jordan" title="Hussein of Jordan">Hussein of Jordan</a> on August 16, 1974.<a href="#cite_note-alllthepresidents-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-VF1-64">[64]</a> Once she became first lady, it fell to Ford to arrange this already-scheduled dinner.<a href="#cite_note-NFL1-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> She found out of this upcoming dinner and her responsibility for planning it through a phone call she received within 24-hours after her husband's swearing-in as president.<a href="#cite_note-GutgoldHobgood-66">[66]</a> As previously mentioned, the Fords had hosted a state dinner for King Hussein months earlier, during Gerald Ford's vice presidency, on March 12, 1974, after president Nixon asked then-Vice President Ford to take over for him in hosting a planned dinner for the King.<a href="#cite_note-alllthepresidents-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hussein1-26">[26]</a> At the first state dinner that she arranged as first lady, Ford revived dancing as an activity of White House state dinners. The Nixons had previously removed dancing from the state dinners during Nixon's presidency.<a href="#cite_note-VF1-64">[64]</a> At the state dinners of the Ford presidency, the president and first lady always led off the dancing, and dancing often lasted beyond midnight.<a href="#cite_note-VF1-64">[64]</a> The Fords opted to have eclectic array of guests at their state dinners, including notable celebrities from the entertainment industry. The Fords' children often also attended the dinners they hosted.<a href="#cite_note-VF1-64">[64]</a> During their final year in the White House, the Fords hosted eleven state dinners. This large number of state dinners was, in part, due to great interest from foreign dignitaries in visiting the United States for a state dinner amid the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Bicentennial" title="United States Bicentennial">United States Bicentennial</a> celebrations. Ford made the decision that year to erect a <a href="/wiki/Tent" title="Tent">tent</a> in the <a href="/wiki/White_House_Rose_Garden" title="White House Rose Garden">White House Rose Garden</a> to host dinners outside. For state dinners held using this tent, the receptions, entertainment, and dancing portions of the evenings were still held inside of the White House.<a href="#cite_note-VF1-64">[64]</a> Among the most notable state dinners the Fords hosted was a July 7, 1976 state dinner honoring <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip,_the_Duke_of_Edinburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Philip, the Duke of Edinburgh">Prince Philip, the Duke of Edinburgh</a>. This dinner was part of the <a href="/wiki/American_bicentennial_celebrations" class="mw-redirect" title="American bicentennial celebrations">American bicentennial celebrations</a>, and was held in tent on the <a href="/wiki/South_Lawn_of_the_White_House" class="mw-redirect" title="South Lawn of the White House">South Lawn of the White House</a>.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> Of the state dinners she planned, Ford said, "From the beginning, Jerry and I tried to make the White House a place where people could have fun and enjoy themselves. Most of all we wanted the state dinners to express the very best about America, particularly during the bicentennial year."<a href="#cite_note-VF1-64">[64]</a> Dishes that Ford particularly liked serving at state dinners included <a href="/wiki/Wild_rice" title="Wild rice">wild rice</a>,<a href="#cite_note-alllthepresidents-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> <a href="/wiki/Columbia_River_salmon" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia River salmon">Columbia River salmon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Souffl%C3%A9" title="Soufflé">soufflé</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Flamb%C3%A9" title="Flambé">flambé</a>. The state dinners that Ford planned as first lady made a deliberate effort to showcase American ingredients.<a href="#cite_note-alllthepresidents-25">[25]</a> By late 1974, Ford had shifted to exclusively serving wine that was <a href="/wiki/Wine_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Wine of the United States">American-cultivated</a> at state dinners. The November 12, 1974 state dinner for Austrian <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Austria" title="Chancellor of Austria">Chancellor</a> <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Kreisky" title="Bruno Kreisky">Bruno Kreisky</a> saw the first instance in which a <a href="/wiki/Michigan_wine" title="Michigan wine">wine from the Fords' home state of Michigan</a> was served at a White House state dinner, with wine from the Tabor Hill Winery being served. It was not until 2016, during the presidency of <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>, that a Michigan wine would again be served at a White House state dinner.<a href="#cite_note-alllthepresidents-25">[25]</a> <table role="presentation" class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <tbody><tr> <td>Gallery of images </td></tr> <tr> <td><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Comedian_Marty_Allen_Dancing_in_the_Grand_Hall_following_a_State_Dinner_Honoring_the_President_and_First_Lady_of_Liberia_-_NARA_-_12007069_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ford dancing with comedian Marty Allen in the Entrance Hall of the White House of the White House during a September 21, 1976 state dinner in honor Liberian President William Tolbert"><img alt="Ford dancing with comedian Marty Allen in the Entrance Hall of the White House of the White House during a September 21, 1976 state dinner in honor Liberian President William Tolbert" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Comedian_Marty_Allen_Dancing_in_the_Grand_Hall_following_a_State_Dinner_Honoring_the_President_and_First_Lady_of_Liberia_-_NARA_-_12007069_%281%29.jpg/138px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="138" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Comedian_Marty_Allen_Dancing_in_the_Grand_Hall_following_a_State_Dinner_Honoring_the_President_and_First_Lady_of_Liberia_-_NARA_-_12007069_%281%29.jpg/208px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Comedian_Marty_Allen_Dancing_in_the_Grand_Hall_following_a_State_Dinner_Honoring_the_President_and_First_Lady_of_Liberia_-_NARA_-_12007069_%281%29.jpg/276px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2404" data-file-height="2348" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ford dancing with comedian <a href="/wiki/Marty_Allen" title="Marty Allen">Marty Allen</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Entrance_Hall" title="Entrance Hall">Entrance Hall of the White House</a> of the White House during a September 21, 1976 state dinner in honor Liberian President <a href="/wiki/William_Tolbert" title="William Tolbert">William Tolbert</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Reviewing_the_Table_Settings_in_the_State_Dining_Room_during_Preparations_for_a_State_Dinner_Honoring_the_President_and_First_Lady_of_Liberia_-_NARA_-_12007068_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ford reviews the table settings while preparing for the September 21, 1976 state dinner in honor of Liberian President William Tolbert."><img alt="Ford reviews the table settings while preparing for the September 21, 1976 state dinner in honor of Liberian President William Tolbert." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Reviewing_the_Table_Settings_in_the_State_Dining_Room_during_Preparations_for_a_State_Dinner_Honoring_the_President_and_First_Lady_of_Liberia_-_NARA_-_12007068_%281%29.jpg/118px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="118" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Reviewing_the_Table_Settings_in_the_State_Dining_Room_during_Preparations_for_a_State_Dinner_Honoring_the_President_and_First_Lady_of_Liberia_-_NARA_-_12007068_%281%29.jpg/177px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Reviewing_the_Table_Settings_in_the_State_Dining_Room_during_Preparations_for_a_State_Dinner_Honoring_the_President_and_First_Lady_of_Liberia_-_NARA_-_12007068_%281%29.jpg/236px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="2744" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ford reviews the table settings while preparing for the September 21, 1976 state dinner in honor of Liberian President William Tolbert.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Social_Secretary_Maria_Downs_Conducting_a_Media_Press_Tour_of_the_Tent_on_the_South_Lawn_of_the_White_House_While_White_House_Staff_Prepare_for_a_State_Dinner_Honoring_Queen_Elizabeth_II(...)_-_NARA_-_12004846.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ford and Social Secretary Maria Downs give the media a tour of the tent erected in the South Lawn for the July 1976 state dinner honoring Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip of Great Britain."><img alt="Ford and Social Secretary Maria Downs give the media a tour of the tent erected in the South Lawn for the July 1976 state dinner honoring Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip of Great Britain." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Social_Secretary_Maria_Downs_Conducting_a_Media_Press_Tour_of_the_Tent_on_the_South_Lawn_of_the_White_House_While_White_House_Staff_Prepare_for_a_State_Dinner_Honoring_Queen_Elizabeth_II%28...%29_-_NARA_-_12004846.jpg/200px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Social_Secretary_Maria_Downs_Conducting_a_Media_Press_Tour_of_the_Tent_on_the_South_Lawn_of_the_White_House_While_White_House_Staff_Prepare_for_a_State_Dinner_Honoring_Queen_Elizabeth_II%28...%29_-_NARA_-_12004846.jpg/300px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Social_Secretary_Maria_Downs_Conducting_a_Media_Press_Tour_of_the_Tent_on_the_South_Lawn_of_the_White_House_While_White_House_Staff_Prepare_for_a_State_Dinner_Honoring_Queen_Elizabeth_II%28...%29_-_NARA_-_12004846.jpg/400px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4677" data-file-height="3000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ford and Social Secretary Maria Downs give the media a tour of the tent erected in the South Lawn for the July 1976 state dinner honoring <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Philip">Prince Philip</a> of Great Britain.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Social_Secretary_Maria_Downs_Looking_at_Sculptures_by_Frederic_Remington_and_Charles_Russell_That_Would_Be_Used_as_Centerpieces_at_a_State_Dinner_Honoring_President_Anwar_al(...)_-_NARA_-_7839966.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ford and Social Secretary Maria Downs inspect centerpiece sculptures designed by Frederic Remington and Charles Russell ahead of an October 1975 state dinner honoring Anwar Sadat, the president of Egypt."><img alt="Ford and Social Secretary Maria Downs inspect centerpiece sculptures designed by Frederic Remington and Charles Russell ahead of an October 1975 state dinner honoring Anwar Sadat, the president of Egypt." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Photograph_of_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Social_Secretary_Maria_Downs_Looking_at_Sculptures_by_Frederic_Remington_and_Charles_Russell_That_Would_Be_Used_as_Centerpieces_at_a_State_Dinner_Honoring_President_Anwar_al%28...%29_-_NARA_-_7839966.jpg/200px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Photograph_of_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Social_Secretary_Maria_Downs_Looking_at_Sculptures_by_Frederic_Remington_and_Charles_Russell_That_Would_Be_Used_as_Centerpieces_at_a_State_Dinner_Honoring_President_Anwar_al%28...%29_-_NARA_-_7839966.jpg/300px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Photograph_of_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Social_Secretary_Maria_Downs_Looking_at_Sculptures_by_Frederic_Remington_and_Charles_Russell_That_Would_Be_Used_as_Centerpieces_at_a_State_Dinner_Honoring_President_Anwar_al%28...%29_-_NARA_-_7839966.jpg/400px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4505" data-file-height="3000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ford and Social Secretary Maria Downs inspect <a href="/wiki/Centerpiece" class="mw-redirect" title="Centerpiece">centerpiece</a> sculptures designed by <a href="/wiki/Frederic_Remington" title="Frederic Remington">Frederic Remington</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Marion_Russell" title="Charles Marion Russell">Charles Russell</a> ahead of an October 1975 state dinner honoring <a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat" title="Anwar Sadat">Anwar Sadat</a>, the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Egypt" title="President of Egypt">president of Egypt</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ford_and_Emperor1975.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Fords escort Japanese Emperor Hirohito and Empress Kōjun down the Cross Hall towards the East Room during an October 1975 state dinner honoring the Japanese royals."><img alt="The Fords escort Japanese Emperor Hirohito and Empress Kōjun down the Cross Hall towards the East Room during an October 1975 state dinner honoring the Japanese royals." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Ford_and_Emperor1975.jpg/177px-Ford_and_Emperor1975.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Ford_and_Emperor1975.jpg/266px-Ford_and_Emperor1975.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Ford_and_Emperor1975.jpg/353px-Ford_and_Emperor1975.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2600" data-file-height="1989" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Fords escort Japanese Emperor <a href="/wiki/Hirohito" title="Hirohito">Hirohito</a> and <a href="/wiki/Empress_K%C5%8Djun" class="mw-redirect" title="Empress Kōjun">Empress Kōjun</a> down the <a href="/wiki/Cross_Hall" title="Cross Hall">Cross Hall</a> towards the <a href="/wiki/East_Room" title="East Room">East Room</a> during an October 1975 state dinner honoring the Japanese royals.</div> </li> </ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diplomatic_trips">Diplomatic trips</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Diplomatic trips">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Shares_a_Dance_Move_with_One_of_the_Students_while_Touring_the_Central_May_7th_College_of_Art_in_Peking,_People%27s_Republic_of_China_-_NARA_-_7062593.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Shares_a_Dance_Move_with_One_of_the_Students_while_Touring_the_Central_May_7th_College_of_Art_in_Peking%2C_People%27s_Republic_of_China_-_NARA_-_7062593.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Shares_a_Dance_Move_with_One_of_the_Students_while_Touring_the_Central_May_7th_College_of_Art_in_Peking%2C_People%27s_Republic_of_China_-_NARA_-_7062593.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Shares_a_Dance_Move_with_One_of_the_Students_while_Touring_the_Central_May_7th_College_of_Art_in_Peking%2C_People%27s_Republic_of_China_-_NARA_-_7062593.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5996" data-file-height="3999" /></a><figcaption>Ford joining dance students at the May 7th College of Art in Beijing, China (December 3, 1975)</figcaption></figure> Ford accompanied her husband abroad on several diplomatic trips. Among the nations that Ford accompanied her husband to were China, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> Ford did not take any solo trips abroad as first lady.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-reutersfactboxtravels-70">[70]</a> She is the most recent first lady not to have done so. The first instance of a first lady conducting one had been <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a> in 1942. Ford's recent predecessor <a href="/wiki/Lady_Bird_Johnson" title="Lady Bird Johnson">Lady Bird Johnson</a> was among other first ladies that did not conduct solo trips abroad.<a href="#cite_note-reutersfactboxtravels-70">[70]</a> During the Fords' 1976 trip to mainland China, when being shown an exhibition by a Chinese arts college dance group, Ford decided to join the dancers. Photos of this moment were published widely in the American press, resulting in Betty Ford somewhat upstaging President Ford in the press.<a href="#cite_note-healy1-7">[7]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Philanthropic_causes">Philanthropic causes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Philanthropic causes">edit</a>]</div> Ford supported numerous charities as first lady. Ford assisted in fundraising for the little-known Hospital for Sick Children in Washington, D.C., whose patients were predominantly African American. She also fundraised for <a href="/wiki/No_Greater_Love_(charity)" title="No Greater Love (charity)">No Greater Love</a>, in appreciation of its work benefiting Children of <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> <a href="/wiki/Missing_in_Action" class="mw-redirect" title="Missing in Action">MIA</a> and <a href="/wiki/POW" class="mw-redirect" title="POW">POWs</a>. She served as the honorary president of the National Lupus Foundation, regarding <a href="/wiki/Lupus" title="Lupus">lupus</a> as a disease which impacted women, yet received minimal public attention. Her philanthropic support additionally placed a specific focus on charities serving children with <a href="/wiki/Special_needs" title="Special needs">special needs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Role_in_the_1976_presidential_campaign">Role in the 1976 presidential campaign</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Role in the 1976 presidential campaign">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">1976 United States presidential election</a></div> In November 1975, it was reported by the <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> that Ford's husband's advisors, who had previously worried her outspoken comments would hurt him in the 1976 presidential election, were now recognizing her popularity and desiring for her to have a greater role in the campaign.<a href="#cite_note-biggerrole-38">[38]</a> Ford ultimately played an important role in the 1976 election campaign. Ford made campaign appearances and delivered speeches across the United States.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> Ford was also used, both by Ford supporters and detractors, as a symbol of <a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Liberalism in the United States">liberal</a> Republicanism, with her politics contrasting with the Republican Party's conservative and <a href="/wiki/Political_moderate" title="Political moderate">moderate</a> wings.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> During the campaign, many Ford supporters wore <a href="/wiki/Campaign_button" title="Campaign button">campaign buttons</a> with phrases like "Betty's Husband for President in '76" and "Keep Betty in the White House".<a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> The use of Ford in such a manner to promote her husband's candidacy was not the work of the campaign itself, but rather, produced by supporters outside of the campaign organization. The campaigns of the previous three presidents that sought election to an additional term (<a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>) had needed to manufacture campaign publicity involving their first ladies (<a href="/wiki/Mamie_Eisenhower" title="Mamie Eisenhower">Mamie Eisenhower</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lady_Bird_Johnson" title="Lady Bird Johnson">Lady Bird Johnson</a>, and Pat Nixon). In contrast, there was tremendous organic excitement for Betty Ford among supporters of the campaign.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> Ford campaigned actively both during <a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1976 Republican Party presidential primaries">primary elections</a> and the general election. A contrast was publicly drawn between Ford and <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Reagan" title="Nancy Reagan">Nancy Reagan</a>, the wife of Ford's primary election challenger <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>. Reagan had contrasting views on issues such as drug experimentation by teenagers and the <a href="/wiki/Equal_Rights_Amendment" title="Equal Rights Amendment">Equal Rights Amendment</a> (which she opposed passing).<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> Many of Ford's views were aligned-with, or even more liberal than, Rosalynn Carter, the wife of Ford's Democratic general election opponent Jimmy Carter.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> During the primaries, Ford recorded <a href="/wiki/Radio_advertisements" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio advertisements">radio advertisements</a> on behalf of the campaign that were broadcast in <a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a>. She also traveled to <a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> before its <a href="/wiki/Iowa_caucuses" title="Iowa caucuses">caucus</a>, and delivered a speech on behalf of the president (who had been unable to make his planned appearance) in which she labeled herself as being his political partner.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> The campaign made a deliberate effort, ahead of the <a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_National_Convention" title="1976 Republican National Convention">1976 Republican National Convention</a>, of sending Ford to liberal and moderate-leaning states and not more conservative states in the <a href="/wiki/Western_United_States" title="Western United States">western</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">southern</a> United States.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> Between Labor Day and election day, for the general election campaign, Ford conducted multi-stop speaking tours, during which she visited western states (including California, <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>) as well was northern <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">midwest</a> states including <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> The heavy campaigning placed a strain on Ford's health. During the general election, her busy campaign activity saw the reigniting of her pinched nerve. However, even after this, Ford continued with her planned campaign schedule.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> After Gerald Ford's defeat by Jimmy Carter in the <a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">1976 presidential election</a>, she delivered her husband's <a href="/wiki/Concession_(politics)" title="Concession (politics)">concession</a> speech because he had <a href="/wiki/Laryngitis" title="Laryngitis">lost his voice</a> while campaigning.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-16">[16]</a> The speech was delivered on the day after the election. This is the only time that a major United States presidential candidate's spouse has delivered their concession on their behalf.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> After her husband's narrow defeat, there was some anecdotal speculation that Ford may have both have helped to alienate conservative Republicans from voting for her husband and at the same time helped attract him support from liberal and moderate Republicans, <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrats</a>, and independents.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><a href="/wiki/File:%E2%80%9CKeep_Betty_(Ford)_in_the_White_House%E2%80%9D_campaign_button,_1976.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Campaign button in support of President Ford's 1976 presidential campaign with the phrase "Keep Betty in the White House""><img alt="Campaign button in support of President Ford's 1976 presidential campaign with the phrase "Keep Betty in the White House"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/%E2%80%9CKeep_Betty_%28Ford%29_in_the_White_House%E2%80%9D_campaign_button%2C_1976.JPG/200px-%E2%80%9CKeep_Betty_%28Ford%29_in_the_White_House%E2%80%9D_campaign_button%2C_1976.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/%E2%80%9CKeep_Betty_%28Ford%29_in_the_White_House%E2%80%9D_campaign_button%2C_1976.JPG/300px-%E2%80%9CKeep_Betty_%28Ford%29_in_the_White_House%E2%80%9D_campaign_button%2C_1976.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/%E2%80%9CKeep_Betty_%28Ford%29_in_the_White_House%E2%80%9D_campaign_button%2C_1976.JPG/400px-%E2%80%9CKeep_Betty_%28Ford%29_in_the_White_House%E2%80%9D_campaign_button%2C_1976.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3200" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Campaign button in support of President Ford's <a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">1976</a> presidential campaign with the phrase "Keep Betty in the White House"</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><a href="/wiki/File:President_and_Mrs._Ford_at_the_RNC_-_NARA_-_7027909_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Betty and Gerald Ford onstage at the 1976 Republican National Convention"><img alt="Betty and Gerald Ford onstage at the 1976 Republican National Convention" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/President_and_Mrs._Ford_at_the_RNC_-_NARA_-_7027909_%281%29.jpg/190px-President_and_Mrs._Ford_at_the_RNC_-_NARA_-_7027909_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/President_and_Mrs._Ford_at_the_RNC_-_NARA_-_7027909_%281%29.jpg/285px-President_and_Mrs._Ford_at_the_RNC_-_NARA_-_7027909_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/President_and_Mrs._Ford_at_the_RNC_-_NARA_-_7027909_%281%29.jpg/380px-President_and_Mrs._Ford_at_the_RNC_-_NARA_-_7027909_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2086" data-file-height="1756" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Betty and Gerald Ford onstage at the <a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_National_Convention" title="1976 Republican National Convention">1976 Republican National Convention</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Mrs._Ford_reads_President_Ford%27s_concession_speech_-_NARA_-_5730760.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ford reads her husband's 1976 presidential concession speech to the press."><img alt="Ford reads her husband's 1976 presidential concession speech to the press." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Mrs._Ford_reads_President_Ford%27s_concession_speech_-_NARA_-_5730760.jpg/200px-Mrs._Ford_reads_President_Ford%27s_concession_speech_-_NARA_-_5730760.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Mrs._Ford_reads_President_Ford%27s_concession_speech_-_NARA_-_5730760.jpg/300px-Mrs._Ford_reads_President_Ford%27s_concession_speech_-_NARA_-_5730760.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Mrs._Ford_reads_President_Ford%27s_concession_speech_-_NARA_-_5730760.jpg/400px-Mrs._Ford_reads_President_Ford%27s_concession_speech_-_NARA_-_5730760.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5856" data-file-height="3923" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ford reads her husband's 1976 presidential <a href="/wiki/Concession_(politics)" title="Concession (politics)">concession</a> speech to the press.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Departure_from_the_White_House">Departure from the White House</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Departure from the White House">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Presidential transition of Jimmy Carter">Presidential transition of Jimmy Carter</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Dancing_on_the_Cabinet_Room_Table_-_NARA_-_45644161.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Dancing_on_the_Cabinet_Room_Table_-_NARA_-_45644161.jpg/220px-First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Dancing_on_the_Cabinet_Room_Table_-_NARA_-_45644161.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Dancing_on_the_Cabinet_Room_Table_-_NARA_-_45644161.jpg/330px-First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Dancing_on_the_Cabinet_Room_Table_-_NARA_-_45644161.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Dancing_on_the_Cabinet_Room_Table_-_NARA_-_45644161.jpg/440px-First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Dancing_on_the_Cabinet_Room_Table_-_NARA_-_45644161.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2645" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Photograph of Ford dancing on the table of the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_Room_(White_House)" title="Cabinet Room (White House)">Cabinet Room</a></figcaption></figure> During the period after the election, Ford postponed scheduled plans to give her slated successor, Rosalynn Carter, a tour of the White House. Unknown to Carter at the time, this was likely due to Ford's fragility caused by her prescription drug abuse. When Ford attempted to postpone the plans a second time, <a href="/wiki/President-elect" class="mw-redirect" title="President-elect">President-elect</a> Carter called the White House and threatened to make a fuss in the news if the tour was not held as planned. Ford capitulated and gave a brief, but cordial, tour of the White House to Rosalynn Carter on November 22, 1976, coinciding with President-elect Carter's White House meeting with President Ford.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> On January 19, 1977, her last full day as first lady, Betty Ford used her training as a Martha Graham dancer to jump up on the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_Room_(White_House)" title="Cabinet Room (White House)">Cabinet Room</a> table. White House photographer <a href="/wiki/David_Hume_Kennerly" title="David Hume Kennerly">David Hume Kennerly</a> took a photo of her on the table.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> Gerald Ford did not know about or see the photo until 1994.<a href="#cite_note-tabled-76">[76]</a> A Ford family friend said that President Ford "about fell off his chair" when he saw the photo for the first time.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBSAug9-78">[78]</a> The photo was subsequently published and is regarded as an "iconic" photograph of Ford's time as First Lady.<a href="#cite_note-CBSAug9-78">[78]</a> Kennerly has touted the image as both capturing Ford's personality and being a symbolic image showing the feminist first lady posing in what had been a space occupied predominantly by <a href="/wiki/White_people" title="White people">white</a> men.<a href="#cite_note-tabled-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> <table role="presentation" class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <tbody><tr> <td>Gallery of images </td></tr> <tr> <td><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_President_Gerald_Ford,_First_Lady_Betty_Ford,_President-Elect_Jimmy_Carter,_and_Rosalynn_Carter_Standing_Under_the_Canopy_Near_the_South_Portico_Following_the_Carters%27_Tour_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_186838.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="The Fords welcome President-elect Jimmy Carter and his wife Rosalynn Carter to the White House on November 22. 1976, during the presidential transition."><img alt="The Fords welcome President-elect Jimmy Carter and his wife Rosalynn Carter to the White House on November 22. 1976, during the presidential transition." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Photograph_of_President_Gerald_Ford%2C_First_Lady_Betty_Ford%2C_President-Elect_Jimmy_Carter%2C_and_Rosalynn_Carter_Standing_Under_the_Canopy_Near_the_South_Portico_Following_the_Carters%27_Tour_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_186838.gif/109px-thumbnail.gif" decoding="async" width="109" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Photograph_of_President_Gerald_Ford%2C_First_Lady_Betty_Ford%2C_President-Elect_Jimmy_Carter%2C_and_Rosalynn_Carter_Standing_Under_the_Canopy_Near_the_South_Portico_Following_the_Carters%27_Tour_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_186838.gif/164px-thumbnail.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Photograph_of_President_Gerald_Ford%2C_First_Lady_Betty_Ford%2C_President-Elect_Jimmy_Carter%2C_and_Rosalynn_Carter_Standing_Under_the_Canopy_Near_the_South_Portico_Following_the_Carters%27_Tour_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_186838.gif/218px-thumbnail.gif 2x" data-file-width="485" data-file-height="600" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Fords welcome <a href="/wiki/President-elect" class="mw-redirect" title="President-elect">President-elect</a> <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> and his wife <a href="/wiki/Rosalynn_Carter" title="Rosalynn Carter">Rosalynn Carter</a> to the White House on November 22. 1976, during the presidential transition.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Others_Applauding_From_the_Gallery_during_the_1977_State_of_the_Union_Address_-_NARA_-_17343413.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ford and others applaud in the gallery during the 1977 State of the Union Address on January 12, 1977."><img alt="Ford and others applaud in the gallery during the 1977 State of the Union Address on January 12, 1977." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Others_Applauding_From_the_Gallery_during_the_1977_State_of_the_Union_Address_-_NARA_-_17343413.jpg/195px-First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Others_Applauding_From_the_Gallery_during_the_1977_State_of_the_Union_Address_-_NARA_-_17343413.jpg" decoding="async" width="195" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Others_Applauding_From_the_Gallery_during_the_1977_State_of_the_Union_Address_-_NARA_-_17343413.jpg/293px-First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Others_Applauding_From_the_Gallery_during_the_1977_State_of_the_Union_Address_-_NARA_-_17343413.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Others_Applauding_From_the_Gallery_during_the_1977_State_of_the_Union_Address_-_NARA_-_17343413.jpg/389px-First_Lady_Betty_Ford_and_Others_Applauding_From_the_Gallery_during_the_1977_State_of_the_Union_Address_-_NARA_-_17343413.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3150" data-file-height="2187" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ford and others <a href="/wiki/Applaud" class="mw-redirect" title="Applaud">applaud</a> in the gallery during the 1977 <a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Union_Address" class="mw-redirect" title="State of the Union Address">State of the Union Address</a> on January 12, 1977.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Vice_President_Walter_Mondale,_-_NARA_-_173349.tif" class="mw-file-description" title="The incoming and outgoing first and second couples pose for a photograph at the White House on the day of the inauguration of Jimmy Carter. L-R: Vice President-elect Walter Mondale, incoming second lady Joan Mondale, outgoing Vice President Nelson Rockefeller, outgoing second lady Happy Rockefeller, Betty Ford, Gerald Ford, incoming first lady Rosalynn Carter, and President-elect Carter"><img alt="The incoming and outgoing first and second couples pose for a photograph at the White House on the day of the inauguration of Jimmy Carter. L-R: Vice President-elect Walter Mondale, incoming second lady Joan Mondale, outgoing Vice President Nelson Rockefeller, outgoing second lady Happy Rockefeller, Betty Ford, Gerald Ford, incoming first lady Rosalynn Carter, and President-elect Carter" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Vice_President_Walter_Mondale%2C_-_NARA_-_173349.tif/lossy-page1-197px-Vice_President_Walter_Mondale%2C_-_NARA_-_173349.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="197" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Vice_President_Walter_Mondale%2C_-_NARA_-_173349.tif/lossy-page1-296px-Vice_President_Walter_Mondale%2C_-_NARA_-_173349.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Vice_President_Walter_Mondale%2C_-_NARA_-_173349.tif/lossy-page1-394px-Vice_President_Walter_Mondale%2C_-_NARA_-_173349.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2058" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The incoming and outgoing first and second couples pose for a photograph at the White House on the day of the <a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Inauguration of Jimmy Carter">inauguration of Jimmy Carter</a>. L-R: <a href="/wiki/Vice_President-elect_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President-elect of the United States">Vice President-elect</a> <a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Walter Mondale</a>, incoming second lady <a href="/wiki/Joan_Mondale" title="Joan Mondale">Joan Mondale</a>, outgoing Vice President <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Rockefeller" title="Nelson Rockefeller">Nelson Rockefeller</a>, outgoing second lady <a href="/wiki/Happy_Rockefeller" title="Happy Rockefeller">Happy Rockefeller</a>, Betty Ford, Gerald Ford, incoming first lady Rosalynn Carter, and President-elect Carter</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Jimmy_Carter_Inauguration_-_NARA_-_173353.tif" class="mw-file-description" title="At his inauguration, Jimmy Carter takes the oath of office to succeed Gerald Ford as president. Betty Ford stands in the lower-left corner of this image."><img alt="At his inauguration, Jimmy Carter takes the oath of office to succeed Gerald Ford as president. Betty Ford stands in the lower-left corner of this image." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Jimmy_Carter_Inauguration_-_NARA_-_173353.tif/lossy-page1-171px-Jimmy_Carter_Inauguration_-_NARA_-_173353.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="171" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Jimmy_Carter_Inauguration_-_NARA_-_173353.tif/lossy-page1-257px-Jimmy_Carter_Inauguration_-_NARA_-_173353.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Jimmy_Carter_Inauguration_-_NARA_-_173353.tif/lossy-page1-341px-Jimmy_Carter_Inauguration_-_NARA_-_173353.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2374" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">At his inauguration, Jimmy Carter takes the oath of office to succeed Gerald Ford as president. Betty Ford stands in the lower-left corner of this image.</div> </li> </ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post–White_House_life_and_career">Post–White House life and career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Post–White House life and career">edit</a>]</div> After leaving the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> in 1977, Ford continued to lead an active public life. In addition to founding the <a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford_Center" title="Betty Ford Center">Betty Ford Center</a>, she remained active in women's issues, taking on numerous speaking engagements and lending her name to charities for fundraising.<a href="#cite_note-msnbc-80">[80]</a> Many of Ford's most significant contributions as an activist came following the Fords' departure from the White House.<a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> In 1977, the Fords moved to <a href="/wiki/Rancho_Mirage,_California" title="Rancho Mirage, California">Rancho Mirage, California</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> In March 1977, Ford signed with <a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a> to appear in two news specials within the following two years and to serve as a contributor to <a href="/wiki/Today_(U.S._TV_program)" class="mw-redirect" title="Today (U.S. TV program)">Today</a>,<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> and jointly signed a publishing deal alongside her husband to for their forthcoming <a href="/wiki/Memoir" title="Memoir">memoirs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> In June 1977, Ford was a speaker at the Arthritis Association Convention.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> In September of that year, Ford traveled to Moscow for a television program taping and to serve as hostess for <a href="/wiki/The_Nutcracker" title="The Nutcracker">The Nutcracker</a>.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> In November 1977, Ford appeared at the opening session of the <a href="/wiki/National_Women%27s_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="National Women's Conference">National Women's Conference</a> in <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, Texas.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recovery_from_alcoholism_and_prescription_drug_addiction">Recovery from alcoholism and prescription drug addiction</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Recovery from alcoholism and prescription drug addiction">edit</a>]</div> Ford had suffered from a dependency on prescription medication and from alcoholism prior even to her husband's presidency.<a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> Ford had, particularly, become addicted to prescription medication (<a href="/wiki/Opioid" title="Opioid">opioid</a> <a href="/wiki/Analgesic" title="Analgesic">analgesics</a>) that she had been originally prescribed in the early 1960s to treat a pinched nerve.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> Ford took doses of this medication in excess of her prescription.<a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> In her 1987 memoir she reflected on these addictions, writing, "I liked alcohol, it made me feel warm. And I loved pills. They took away my tension and my pain".<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> The fact that Ford had, for years, been given <a href="/wiki/Tranquilizer" class="mw-redirect" title="Tranquilizer">tranquilizers</a> to treat a pinched nerve in her neck was public knowledge as far back as her time as second lady.<a href="#cite_note-Marks1-21">[21]</a> During her time as first lady, there had even been some private speculation that Ford might have been suffering from substance abuse, as her friends and members of the press had observed occasional slurred speech from Ford.<a href="#cite_note-MacPhersonRadcliffe-88">[88]</a> After the Fords left the White House, her addictions became more evident to her family and appeared life-threatening. On April 1, 1978, her family staged an <a href="/wiki/Intervention_(counseling)" title="Intervention (counseling)">intervention</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> In order to be at Betty Ford's intervention, President Ford had made last minute cancellations of numerous appearances that he had been scheduled to make on the East Coast. In making these cancellations, the former president cited "personal and family reasons".<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> The intervention forced Betty Ford to acknowledge the negative impact that her addiction was having on her health and family relationships. She agreed that day to <a href="/wiki/Detox" class="mw-redirect" title="Detox">detox</a> from her medicine. She also, ultimately, agreed to attend <a href="/wiki/Drug_rehabilitation" title="Drug rehabilitation">rehab</a> at the Naval Regional Medical Center in <a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach, California</a>. Ford registered herself at the hospital on April 11, 1978.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> As she had previously been with her breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, Ford was transparent with the public about her addictions and admittance to rehab. Ford's transparency was praised by experts in drug abuse treatment, who predicted that it would make a major and positive impact. The week she entered rehab, Ford disclosed her addiction to prescription medication. Days later, Ford also disclosed to the public that she had come to realize that she was additionally an alcoholic. She disclosed her alcoholism through a statement that a family spokesman read on her behalf at a press conference (at which Ford was not herself present) held outside of the hospital. In this statement, Ford disclosed, "I have found I am not only addicted to the medication I have been taking for my arthritis, but also to alcohol". In this statement, she also praised the reputation of the hospital's addiction treatment program, and declared her pleasure to have the opportunity to attend the treatment. The statement also declared, "I expect this treatment and fellowship to be a solution for my problems. I embrace it, not only for me, but all the many others who are here to participate." The <a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a> reported that Ford's disclosure of alcoholism came as a surprise to a number of Ford's close friends, who had regarded her as merely a social drinker and were oblivious to her drinking problem.<a href="#cite_note-MacPhersonRadcliffe-88">[88]</a> Ford succeeded in getting sober.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> She published her first memoir, The Times of My Life, later in 1978 in which she discussed her battle with addiction.<a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> During a January 1984 address in Michigan to a crowd of individuals who were in the early stages of alcohol and drug dependency treatment, Ford reflected that the six years since she began her treatment for alcohol and drug abuse, "have been the best years in my life from the standpoint of feeling healthier and feeling more comfortable with myself".<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Betty_Ford_Center">The Betty Ford Center</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: The Betty Ford Center">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford_Center" title="Betty Ford Center">Betty Ford Center</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BETTYFORD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/BETTYFORD.jpg/220px-BETTYFORD.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/BETTYFORD.jpg/330px-BETTYFORD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/BETTYFORD.jpg/440px-BETTYFORD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2386" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Photograph of Ford standing outside of the <a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford_Center" title="Betty Ford Center">Betty Ford Center</a></figcaption></figure> In 1982, after recovering from her own addictions, Ford established the <a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford_Center" title="Betty Ford Center">Betty Ford Center</a> (initially called the Betty Ford Clinic) in Rancho Mirage, California. Its mission specializes in the treatment of chemical dependency,<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> including treating the children of alcoholics.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> She partnered with her friend Ambassador <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Firestone" title="Leonard Firestone">Leonard Firestone</a> to found it.<a href="#cite_note-BFB1-93">[93]</a> She served as chair of the board of directors. She also co-authored with <a href="/wiki/Chris_Chase" title="Chris Chase">Chris Chase</a> a book about her treatment, <a href="/wiki/Betty:_A_Glad_Awakening" title="Betty: A Glad Awakening">Betty: A Glad Awakening</a> (1987). In 2003, Ford produced another book, Healing and Hope: Six Women from the Betty Ford Center Share Their Powerful Journeys of Addiction and Recovery. In 2005, Ford relinquished her chair of the center's board of directors to her daughter Susan. She had held the top post at the center since its founding.<a href="#cite_note-PBS-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-BFB1-93">[93]</a> Barbara Bush, a later first lady, opined that Ford, after discovering she was dependent on drugs, "transformed her pain into something great for the common good. Because she suffered, there will be more healing. Because of her grief, there will be more joy."<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Women's_movement">Women's movement</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Women's movement">edit</a>]</div> Ford continued to be an active leader and activist of the feminist movement after the Ford administration. She continued to strongly advocate and lobby politicians and state legislatures for passage of the ERA. In 1977, President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> appointed Ford to the second National Commission on the Observance of <a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Year" title="International Women's Year">International Women's Year</a> (the first had been appointed by President Ford). That same year, she joined First Ladies Lady Bird Johnson and <a href="/wiki/Rosalynn_Carter" title="Rosalynn Carter">Rosalynn Carter</a> to open and participate in the <a href="/wiki/1977_National_Women%27s_Conference" title="1977 National Women's Conference">National Women's Conference</a> in <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, Texas, where she endorsed measures in the convention's National Plan of Action, a report sent to the state legislatures, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">U.S. Congress</a>, and the President on how to improve the status of American women.<a href="#cite_note-sisters-95">[95]</a> Ford continued to be an outspoken supporter of equal pay for women, breast cancer awareness, and the ERA throughout her life.<a href="#cite_note-aclu-96">[96]</a> She was an active member of the <a href="/wiki/Junior_League" title="Junior League">Junior League</a>.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rosalynn_Carter_with_Betty_Ford_and_Ladybird_Johnson_at_the_National_Womens_Conference._-_NARA_-_176935_(1).tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Rosalynn_Carter_with_Betty_Ford_and_Ladybird_Johnson_at_the_National_Womens_Conference._-_NARA_-_176935_%281%29.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Rosalynn_Carter_with_Betty_Ford_and_Ladybird_Johnson_at_the_National_Womens_Conference._-_NARA_-_176935_%281%29.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Rosalynn_Carter_with_Betty_Ford_and_Ladybird_Johnson_at_the_National_Womens_Conference._-_NARA_-_176935_%281%29.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Rosalynn_Carter_with_Betty_Ford_and_Ladybird_Johnson_at_the_National_Womens_Conference._-_NARA_-_176935_%281%29.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Rosalynn_Carter_with_Betty_Ford_and_Ladybird_Johnson_at_the_National_Womens_Conference._-_NARA_-_176935_%281%29.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Rosalynn_Carter_with_Betty_Ford_and_Ladybird_Johnson_at_the_National_Womens_Conference._-_NARA_-_176935_%281%29.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2374" data-file-height="1883" /></a><figcaption>Ford (center) together at the <a href="/wiki/1977_National_Women%27s_Conference" title="1977 National Women's Conference">1977 National Women's Conference</a> with First Lady <a href="/wiki/Rosalynn_Carter" title="Rosalynn Carter">Rosalynn Carter</a> (left) and fellow former first lady <a href="/wiki/Lady_Bird_Johnson" title="Lady Bird Johnson">Lady Bird Johnson</a> (right)</figcaption></figure> Ford continued to advocate for the ratification of the ERA. In November 1977, Ford and First Lady Rosalynn Carter joined to advocate for its ratification at the <a href="/wiki/1977_National_Women%27s_Conference" title="1977 National Women's Conference">National Women's Conference</a> in <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>.<a href="#cite_note-countdowncampaign1-98">[98]</a> In 1978, the deadline for ratification of the ERA was extended from 1979 to 1982, resulting largely from a march of a hundred thousand people on <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Avenue_(Washington,_D.C.)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pennsylvania Avenue (Washington, D.C.)">Pennsylvania Avenue</a> in Washington. The march was led by prominent feminist leaders, including Ford, <a href="/wiki/Bella_Abzug" title="Bella Abzug">Bella Abzug</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Chittick" title="Elizabeth Chittick">Elizabeth Chittick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Betty_Friedan" title="Betty Friedan">Betty Friedan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Steinem" title="Gloria Steinem">Gloria Steinem</a>. In 1981, <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Smeal" title="Eleanor Smeal">Eleanor Smeal</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Organization_for_Women" title="National Organization for Women">National Organization for Women</a>'s president, announced Ford's appointment to be the co-chair, with <a href="/wiki/Alan_Alda" title="Alan Alda">Alan Alda</a>, of the ERA Countdown Campaign.<a href="#cite_note-smeal-99">[99]</a> In November 1981, Ford stated that <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Illinois" title="Governor of Illinois">Governor of Illinois</a> <a href="/wiki/James_R._Thompson" class="mw-redirect" title="James R. Thompson">James R. Thompson</a> had not done enough in support of the ERA as well as her disappointment with First Lady <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Reagan" title="Nancy Reagan">Nancy Reagan</a> not being in favor of the measure, though also relayed her hopes to change the incumbent First Lady's mind in further encounters with her.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> As the deadline approached, Ford led marches, parades and rallies for the ERA with other feminists, including First Daughter <a href="/wiki/Maureen_Reagan" title="Maureen Reagan">Maureen Reagan</a> and various Hollywood actors. Ford was credited with rejuvenating the ERA movement and inspiring more women to continue working for the ERA. She visited states, including Illinois, where ratification was believed to have the most realistic chance of passing.<a href="#cite_note-feminist-101">[101]</a> On October 12, 1981, Ford spoke in support of the ERA on a rally held at the <a href="/wiki/National_Mall" title="National Mall">National Mall</a>.<a href="#cite_note-countdowncampaign1-98">[98]</a> The amendment did not receive enough states' ratification. In 2004, Ford reaffirmed her pro-abortion rights stance and her support for the 1973 <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">U.S. Supreme Court</a> decision in Roe v. Wade, as well as her belief in and support for the ratification of the ERA.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_matters">Other matters</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Other matters">edit</a>]</div> Ford involved herself with the <a href="/wiki/American_Cancer_Society" title="American Cancer Society">American Cancer Society</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Arthritis_Foundation" title="Arthritis Foundation">Arthritis Foundation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> Decades later, in his 2014 memoir, television producer <a href="/wiki/Norman_Lear" title="Norman Lear">Norman Lear</a> revealed that in the late-1970s Ford had played a significant role in helping to persuade television executives to purchase the <a href="/wiki/Broadcast_syndication" title="Broadcast syndication">syndication</a> rights to the series <a href="/wiki/Maude_(TV_series)" title="Maude (TV series)">Maude</a>, of which she was an avid viewer. He wrote that, at his request, Ford had attended the <a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Television_Program_Executives" title="National Association of Television Program Executives">National Association of Television Program Executives</a> convention and spoke to executives about her love of the series to help pique their interest in the series.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> Ford tackled the stigmatized issue of <a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS" title="HIV/AIDS">HIV/AIDS</a> during the HIV/AIDS crisis. Through the work she did at the Betty Ford Center, Ford recognized the link between drug abuse and AIDS. She involved herself in the Los Angeles AIDS Project. In 1985, Ford received the Los Angeles AIDS Projects "Commitment to Life Award". Her acceptance speech spoke hopefully of the prospect that attitudes towards HIV/AIDS would shift, being de-stigmatized as cancer and alcoholism had (in part due to her contribution). When she attended the <a href="/wiki/1992_Republican_National_Convention" title="1992 Republican National Convention">1992 Republican National Convention</a>, Ford wore an AIDS ribbon pin.<a href="#cite_note-MacPhersonRadcliffe-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-Candor-105">[105]</a> Ford supported <a href="/wiki/Gay_and_lesbian" class="mw-redirect" title="Gay and lesbian">gay and lesbian</a> causes, speaking against <a href="/wiki/Sexual_orientation_and_gender_identity_in_the_United_States_military" title="Sexual orientation and gender identity in the United States military">discrimination in the United States military</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fling1-19">[19]</a> In 1993, Ford was quoted as speaking against existing bans on gays serving in the military, remarking, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">Constitutionally all citizens have the right to serve their country as long as they abide by the rules and regulations of military service. There have been gays and lesbians serving our country for many years. There haven't been any more problems than there have been in situations like Tailhook with heterosexuals. I do not believe they should be asked to leave the military.<a href="#cite_note-Candor-105">[105]</a></blockquote> In 1985, Ford received the Award for Greatest Public Service Benefiting the Disadvantaged, an annual award given by the <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Awards_for_Public_Service" title="Jefferson Awards for Public Service">Jefferson Awards</a>.<a href="#cite_note-JeffersonAwards1-106">[106]</a> That same year, Ford received the Golden Plate Award of the <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Achievement" title="Academy of Achievement">American Academy of Achievement</a>. This was formally presented to her by President Ford, who was an Academy Awards Council member.<a href="#cite_note-GPAAAA1-107">[107]</a> In 1987, Ford underwent <a href="/wiki/Coronary_artery_bypass_surgery" title="Coronary artery bypass surgery">quadruple coronary bypass surgery</a> and recovered without complications.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> In the early 1990s, Ford voiced admiration for First Lady <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> and praised her for taking an active role in policy within her husband's administration by leading the <a href="/wiki/Clinton_health_care_plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Clinton health care plan">Clinton health care plan</a><a href="#cite_note-Candor-105">[105]</a> In 1987, Ford was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Michigan_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Michigan Women's Hall of Fame">Michigan Women's Hall of Fame</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ggrwhc1-109">[109]</a> On November 18, 1991, she was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a> by President George H. W. Bush.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-FLNHS1-110">[110]</a> In 1999, she and President Ford were jointly awarded <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Gold_Medal" title="Congressional Gold Medal">Congressional Gold Medals</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FordsCGMCNN-111">[111]</a> That same year, a Golden Palm Star on the <a href="/wiki/Palm_Springs_Walk_of_Stars" title="Palm Springs Walk of Stars">Palm Springs Walk of Stars</a> was dedicated to her and her husband.<a href="#cite_note-PSWS-112">[112]</a> In 2000, the <a href="/wiki/Lasker_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Lasker Foundation">Lasker Foundation</a> awarded Ford its annual <a href="/wiki/Mary_Woodard_Lasker_Public_Service_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Woodard Lasker Public Service Award">Mary Woodard Lasker Public Service Award</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Lasker1-113">[113]</a> On May 8, 2003, Ford received the <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson_Awards" title="Woodrow Wilson Awards">Woodrow Wilson Award</a> in Los Angeles for her public service, awarded by the <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Woodrow Wilson Center">Woodrow Wilson Center</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> During her and President Ford's later years together, they resided in Rancho Mirage and in <a href="/wiki/Beaver_Creek,_Colorado" title="Beaver Creek, Colorado">Beaver Creek, Colorado</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> <a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Gerald_Ford" title="Death and state funeral of Gerald Ford">President Ford died</a>, aged 93, of heart failure on December 26, 2006, at their Rancho Mirage home. Despite her advanced age frail physical condition, Ford traveled across the country and took part in the funeral events in California, Washington, D.C., and Michigan.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> Following her husband's death, Ford continued to live in Rancho Mirage. Poor health and increasing frailty due to operations in August 2006 and April 2007 for blood clots in her legs caused her to largely curtail her public life. Ill health prevented Ford from attending the funeral of former First Lady <a href="/wiki/Lady_Bird_Johnson" title="Lady Bird Johnson">Lady Bird Johnson</a>'s in July 2007, and her daughter Susan Ford Bales instead represented her at the funeral service.<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a> <table role="presentation" class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <tbody><tr> <td>Gallery of images </td></tr> <tr> <td><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Ronald_Reagan,_Nancy_Reagan,_President_Gerald_Ford,_and_Betty_Ford.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Fords meeting with President Ronald Reagan and First Lady Nancy Reagan in the White House Oval Office in March 1981"><img alt="The Fords meeting with President Ronald Reagan and First Lady Nancy Reagan in the White House Oval Office in March 1981" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/President_Ronald_Reagan%2C_Nancy_Reagan%2C_President_Gerald_Ford%2C_and_Betty_Ford.jpg/200px-President_Ronald_Reagan%2C_Nancy_Reagan%2C_President_Gerald_Ford%2C_and_Betty_Ford.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/President_Ronald_Reagan%2C_Nancy_Reagan%2C_President_Gerald_Ford%2C_and_Betty_Ford.jpg/300px-President_Ronald_Reagan%2C_Nancy_Reagan%2C_President_Gerald_Ford%2C_and_Betty_Ford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/President_Ronald_Reagan%2C_Nancy_Reagan%2C_President_Gerald_Ford%2C_and_Betty_Ford.jpg/400px-President_Ronald_Reagan%2C_Nancy_Reagan%2C_President_Gerald_Ford%2C_and_Betty_Ford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2637" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Fords meeting with President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> and First Lady <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Reagan" title="Nancy Reagan">Nancy Reagan</a> in the White House <a href="/wiki/Oval_Office" title="Oval Office">Oval Office</a> in March 1981</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Betty_Ford_Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Betty Ford being awarded the nation's highest civilian honor, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, by President George H. W. Bush, 1991. First Lady Barbara Bush is holding the medal."><img alt="Betty Ford being awarded the nation's highest civilian honor, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, by President George H. W. Bush, 1991. First Lady Barbara Bush is holding the medal." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Betty_Ford_Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom.jpg/200px-Betty_Ford_Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Betty_Ford_Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom.jpg/300px-Betty_Ford_Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Betty_Ford_Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom.jpg/400px-Betty_Ford_Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7180" data-file-height="4800" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Betty Ford being awarded the nation's highest civilian honor, the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a>, by President <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a>, 1991. First Lady <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Bush" title="Barbara Bush">Barbara Bush</a> is holding the medal.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Six_First_Ladies.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ford with other U.S. First Ladies at the November 1991 opening of the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. Seated (l–r): Lady Bird Johnson, Pat Nixon, Rosalynn Carter, Ford; Standing (l–r): Nancy Reagan, Barbara Bush"><img alt="Ford with other U.S. First Ladies at the November 1991 opening of the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. Seated (l–r): Lady Bird Johnson, Pat Nixon, Rosalynn Carter, Ford; Standing (l–r): Nancy Reagan, Barbara Bush" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Six_First_Ladies.jpg/171px-Six_First_Ladies.jpg" decoding="async" width="171" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Six_First_Ladies.jpg/258px-Six_First_Ladies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Six_First_Ladies.jpg/343px-Six_First_Ladies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="473" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ford with other U.S. First Ladies at the November 1991 opening of the <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Presidential_Library" title="Ronald Reagan Presidential Library">Ronald Reagan Presidential Library</a>. Seated (l–r): <a href="/wiki/Lady_Bird_Johnson" title="Lady Bird Johnson">Lady Bird Johnson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pat_Nixon" title="Pat Nixon">Pat Nixon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rosalynn_Carter" title="Rosalynn Carter">Rosalynn Carter</a>, Ford; Standing (l–r): Nancy Reagan, Barbara Bush</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Bill_Clinton_talking_with_former_President_Gerald_Ford_and_former_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_at_the_Medal_of_Freedom_ceremony_in_the_East_Room.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="President Bill Clinton speaking with the Fords at the White House ceremony awarding the at a 1999 Presidential Medal of Freedom ceremony"><img alt="President Bill Clinton speaking with the Fords at the White House ceremony awarding the at a 1999 Presidential Medal of Freedom ceremony" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/President_Bill_Clinton_talking_with_former_President_Gerald_Ford_and_former_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_at_the_Medal_of_Freedom_ceremony_in_the_East_Room.jpg/183px-President_Bill_Clinton_talking_with_former_President_Gerald_Ford_and_former_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_at_the_Medal_of_Freedom_ceremony_in_the_East_Room.jpg" decoding="async" width="183" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/President_Bill_Clinton_talking_with_former_President_Gerald_Ford_and_former_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_at_the_Medal_of_Freedom_ceremony_in_the_East_Room.jpg/276px-President_Bill_Clinton_talking_with_former_President_Gerald_Ford_and_former_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_at_the_Medal_of_Freedom_ceremony_in_the_East_Room.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/President_Bill_Clinton_talking_with_former_President_Gerald_Ford_and_former_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_at_the_Medal_of_Freedom_ceremony_in_the_East_Room.jpg/367px-President_Bill_Clinton_talking_with_former_President_Gerald_Ford_and_former_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_at_the_Medal_of_Freedom_ceremony_in_the_East_Room.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5200" data-file-height="3831" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> speaking with the Fords at the White House ceremony awarding the at a 1999 Presidential Medal of Freedom ceremony</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:First-Ladies.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ford with other U.S. First Ladies at the 1994 National Garden Gala, which was themed "A Tribune to America's First Ladies". L–R: Nancy Reagan, Ladybird Johnson, Hillary Clinton, Rosalyn Carter, Ford, Barbara Bush"><img alt="Ford with other U.S. First Ladies at the 1994 National Garden Gala, which was themed "A Tribune to America's First Ladies". L–R: Nancy Reagan, Ladybird Johnson, Hillary Clinton, Rosalyn Carter, Ford, Barbara Bush" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/First-Ladies.jpg/200px-First-Ladies.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/First-Ladies.jpg/300px-First-Ladies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/First-Ladies.jpg/400px-First-Ladies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4800" data-file-height="3181" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Ford with other U.S. First Ladies at the 1994 National Garden Gala, which was themed "A Tribune to America's First Ladies". L–R: Nancy Reagan, Ladybird Johnson, <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>, Rosalyn Carter, Ford, Barbara Bush</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Presidents_and_First_Ladies_pose_for_a_photograph_at_the_2000_White_House_Historical_Association_Dinner.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Fords posing for a photograph with three other U.S. first couples (George H. W. and Barbara Bush, Bill and Hillary Clinton, Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter) during at the 2000 White House Historical Association Dinner"><img alt="The Fords posing for a photograph with three other U.S. first couples (George H. W. and Barbara Bush, Bill and Hillary Clinton, Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter) during at the 2000 White House Historical Association Dinner" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Presidents_and_First_Ladies_pose_for_a_photograph_at_the_2000_White_House_Historical_Association_Dinner.jpg/200px-Presidents_and_First_Ladies_pose_for_a_photograph_at_the_2000_White_House_Historical_Association_Dinner.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Presidents_and_First_Ladies_pose_for_a_photograph_at_the_2000_White_House_Historical_Association_Dinner.jpg/300px-Presidents_and_First_Ladies_pose_for_a_photograph_at_the_2000_White_House_Historical_Association_Dinner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Presidents_and_First_Ladies_pose_for_a_photograph_at_the_2000_White_House_Historical_Association_Dinner.jpg/400px-Presidents_and_First_Ladies_pose_for_a_photograph_at_the_2000_White_House_Historical_Association_Dinner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4800" data-file-height="3163" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Fords posing for a photograph with three other U.S. first couples (George H. W. and Barbara Bush, Bill and Hillary Clinton, <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy</a> and Rosalynn Carter) during at the 2000 <a href="/wiki/White_House_Historical_Association" title="White House Historical Association">White House Historical Association</a> Dinner </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Former_first_lady_Betty_Ford_(5113074454).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ford attending a National Press Club event in 2001"><img alt="Ford attending a National Press Club event in 2001" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Former_first_lady_Betty_Ford_%285113074454%29.jpg/93px-Former_first_lady_Betty_Ford_%285113074454%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Former_first_lady_Betty_Ford_%285113074454%29.jpg/140px-Former_first_lady_Betty_Ford_%285113074454%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Former_first_lady_Betty_Ford_%285113074454%29.jpg/186px-Former_first_lady_Betty_Ford_%285113074454%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1540" data-file-height="2234" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Ford attending a <a href="/wiki/National_Press_Club_(United_States)" title="National Press Club (United States)">National Press Club</a> event in 2001</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Presford90.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Fords with President George W. Bush and First Lady Laura Bush at the White House in 2003 at a celebration President Ford's 90th birthday"><img alt="The Fords with President George W. Bush and First Lady Laura Bush at the White House in 2003 at a celebration President Ford's 90th birthday" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Presford90.jpg/190px-Presford90.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Presford90.jpg/285px-Presford90.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Presford90.jpg/379px-Presford90.jpg 2x" data-file-width="514" data-file-height="366" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Fords with President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> and First Lady <a href="/wiki/Laura_Bush" title="Laura Bush">Laura Bush</a> at the White House in 2003 at a celebration President Ford's 90th birthday</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Gerald_Ford_is_embraced_by_his_wife_Betty_Ford.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ford and her husband at a June 2005 Gerald R. Ford Foundation dinner"><img alt="Ford and her husband at a June 2005 Gerald R. Ford Foundation dinner" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Gerald_Ford_is_embraced_by_his_wife_Betty_Ford.jpg/200px-Gerald_Ford_is_embraced_by_his_wife_Betty_Ford.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Gerald_Ford_is_embraced_by_his_wife_Betty_Ford.jpg/300px-Gerald_Ford_is_embraced_by_his_wife_Betty_Ford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Gerald_Ford_is_embraced_by_his_wife_Betty_Ford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="267" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ford and her husband at a June 2005 Gerald R. Ford Foundation dinner</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:President_George_W._Bush,_Former_President_Gerald_Ford,_and_Betty_Ford.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Betty Ford with her husband and President George W. Bush on April 23, 2006"><img alt="Betty Ford with her husband and President George W. Bush on April 23, 2006" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/President_George_W._Bush%2C_Former_President_Gerald_Ford%2C_and_Betty_Ford.jpg/200px-President_George_W._Bush%2C_Former_President_Gerald_Ford%2C_and_Betty_Ford.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/President_George_W._Bush%2C_Former_President_Gerald_Ford%2C_and_Betty_Ford.jpg/300px-President_George_W._Bush%2C_Former_President_Gerald_Ford%2C_and_Betty_Ford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/President_George_W._Bush%2C_Former_President_Gerald_Ford%2C_and_Betty_Ford.jpg/400px-President_George_W._Bush%2C_Former_President_Gerald_Ford%2C_and_Betty_Ford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Betty Ford with her husband and President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> on April 23, 2006</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_061230-D-1142M-018_Former_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_bows_her_head_over_her_husband%27s_casket_during_memorial_services_at_the_U.S._Capitol_Rotunda,_for_former_President_Gerald_R._Ford.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ford leans over President Ford's coffin during memorial services for him held December 30, 2006 in the United States Capitol rotunda as part of his state funeral."><img alt="Ford leans over President Ford's coffin during memorial services for him held December 30, 2006 in the United States Capitol rotunda as part of his state funeral." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/US_Navy_061230-D-1142M-018_Former_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_bows_her_head_over_her_husband%27s_casket_during_memorial_services_at_the_U.S._Capitol_Rotunda%2C_for_former_President_Gerald_R._Ford.jpg/198px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="198" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/US_Navy_061230-D-1142M-018_Former_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_bows_her_head_over_her_husband%27s_casket_during_memorial_services_at_the_U.S._Capitol_Rotunda%2C_for_former_President_Gerald_R._Ford.jpg/298px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/US_Navy_061230-D-1142M-018_Former_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_bows_her_head_over_her_husband%27s_casket_during_memorial_services_at_the_U.S._Capitol_Rotunda%2C_for_former_President_Gerald_R._Ford.jpg/397px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1850" data-file-height="1260" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ford leans over President Ford's <a href="/wiki/Coffin" title="Coffin">coffin</a> during memorial services for him held December 30, 2006 in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_rotunda" title="United States Capitol rotunda">United States Capitol rotunda</a> as part of <a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Gerald_Ford" title="Death and state funeral of Gerald Ford">his state funeral</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 165px;"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_061230-F-0194C-005_Former_1st_lady_Betty_Ford_arrives_in_Washington,_DC.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ford being escorted by Army Major General Guy C. Swan III during a portion of the state funeral of her late husband"><img alt="Ford being escorted by Army Major General Guy C. Swan III during a portion of the state funeral of her late husband" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/US_Navy_061230-F-0194C-005_Former_1st_lady_Betty_Ford_arrives_in_Washington%2C_DC.jpg/200px-US_Navy_061230-F-0194C-005_Former_1st_lady_Betty_Ford_arrives_in_Washington%2C_DC.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/US_Navy_061230-F-0194C-005_Former_1st_lady_Betty_Ford_arrives_in_Washington%2C_DC.jpg/300px-US_Navy_061230-F-0194C-005_Former_1st_lady_Betty_Ford_arrives_in_Washington%2C_DC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/US_Navy_061230-F-0194C-005_Former_1st_lady_Betty_Ford_arrives_in_Washington%2C_DC.jpg/400px-US_Navy_061230-F-0194C-005_Former_1st_lady_Betty_Ford_arrives_in_Washington%2C_DC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ford being escorted by Army Major General <a href="/wiki/Guy_C._Swan_III" title="Guy C. Swan III">Guy C. Swan III</a> during a portion of the state funeral of her late husband</div> </li> </ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death_and_funeral">Death and funeral</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Death and funeral">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alcove.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Alcove.jpg/220px-Alcove.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Alcove.jpg/330px-Alcove.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Alcove.jpg/440px-Alcove.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="851" /></a><figcaption>Burial site of Betty and Gerald Ford (photo was taken in 2006 while Betty was still alive)</figcaption></figure> Betty Ford died of natural causes on July 8, 2011, three months after her 93rd birthday, at <a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Medical_Center" title="Eisenhower Medical Center">Eisenhower Medical Center</a> in Rancho Mirage.<a href="#cite_note-:0-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> Ford left $500,000 to the Betty Ford Center.<a href="#cite_note-MacPhersonRadcliffe-88">[88]</a> Funeral services were held in <a href="/wiki/Palm_Desert,_California" title="Palm Desert, California">Palm Desert, California</a>, on July 12, 2011, with more than 800 people in attendance, including former president <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>, then-first lady <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Obama" title="Michelle Obama">Michelle Obama</a>, then-U.S secretary of state <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>, herself a former first lady, former first ladies Rosalynn Carter, who gave a eulogy,<a href="#cite_note-msnbc-80">[80]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Reagan" title="Nancy Reagan">Nancy Reagan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-schedule-115">[115]</a> On July 14, a second service was held at Grace Episcopal Church in Grand Rapids, with eulogies given by <a href="/wiki/Lynne_Cheney" title="Lynne Cheney">Lynne Cheney</a>, former Ford Museum director <a href="/wiki/Richard_Norton_Smith" title="Richard Norton Smith">Richard Norton Smith</a>, and Ford's son Steven. In attendance were former president <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>, former vice president <a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a> and former first lady Barbara Bush.<a href="#cite_note-msnbc-80">[80]</a> In her remarks, Mrs. Cheney noted that July 14 would have been Gerald Ford's 98th birthday.<a href="#cite_note-freep-116">[116]</a> After the service, Betty Ford was buried next to her husband on the museum grounds.<a href="#cite_note-schedule-115">[115]</a> In July 2018, a statue of Ford was unveiled outside of the <a href="/wiki/Gerald_R._Ford_Presidential_Museum" title="Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum">Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">Grand Rapids, Michigan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_assessments">Historical assessments</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Historical assessments">edit</a>]</div> According to John Robert Greene: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">Only a part of Betty Ford's legacy will be that of her role as first lady. Throughout her post-Washington life, she established herself as one of the nation's first public advocates for women's self-examination, a prodigious fund-raiser for arthritis research, and, most important, a tireless campaigner for the rights and dignity of those afflicted with the disease of substance abuse. Her role as a public health advocate distinguishes her as one of the most influential women of the latter part of the twentieth century.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a></blockquote> Since 1982 <a href="/wiki/Siena_College_Research_Institute" title="Siena College Research Institute">Siena College Research Institute</a> has conducted occasional surveys asking historians to assess American first ladies according to a cumulative score on the independent criteria of their background, value to the country, intelligence, courage, accomplishments, integrity, leadership, being their own women, public image, and value to the president. Ford has consistently ranked among the top-nine most highly assessed first ladies in these surveys.<a href="#cite_note-Siena2014-119">[119]</a> In terms of cumulative assessment, Ford has been ranked: <ul><li>6th-best of 42 in 1982<a href="#cite_note-Siena2014-119">[119]</a></li> <li>9th-best of 37 in 1993<a href="#cite_note-Siena2014-119">[119]</a></li> <li>8th-best of 38 in 2003<a href="#cite_note-Siena2014-119">[119]</a></li> <li>7th-best of 38 in 2008<a href="#cite_note-Siena2014-119">[119]</a></li> <li>8th-best of 39 in 2014<a href="#cite_note-Siena2014-119">[119]</a></li> <li>6th-best of 40 in 2020<a href="#cite_note-Siena2020-120">[120]</a></li></ul> The 2008 Siena Research Institute survey ranked Ford the 5th-highest of the twenty 20th and 21st century First Ladies. The 2008 survey also ranked Ford the 5th-highest in their assessment of first ladies who were "their own women" as well as 5th-highest in <a href="/wiki/Courage" title="Courage">courage</a>.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> In both the 1993 and 2003 Siena Research Institute surveys, Ford was similarly ranked the 5th-highest in historians' assessment of first ladies' courage.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> In the 2014 Siena Research Institute survey, historians ranked Ford 3rd-highest among 20th and 21st century First Ladies in the greatness of post-White House service, 3rd-highest in advancement of women's issues, and 4th-highest in creating a lasting legacy.<a href="#cite_note-Siena2014-119">[119]</a> In the 2014 Siena Research Institute survey, Ford and her husband were ranked the 19th-highest out of 39 first couples in terms of being a "power couple".<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> In 2021, Zogby Analytics conducted a poll in which a sample of the American public was asked to assess the greatness of twelve First Ladies from <a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacqueline Kennedy">Jacqueline Kennedy</a> onwards. The American public ranked Ford as the eighth-greatest among these first ladies.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_depictions">Cultural depictions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Cultural depictions">edit</a>]</div> Ford's life is the focus of the 1987 <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a> <a href="/wiki/Biographical_film" title="Biographical film">biographical</a> television film <a href="/wiki/The_Betty_Ford_Story" title="The Betty Ford Story">The Betty Ford Story</a>, which has a story adapted from her memoir The Times of My Life. <a href="/wiki/Gena_Rowlands" title="Gena Rowlands">Gena Rowlands</a> won both an <a href="/wiki/Emmy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmy Award">Emmy Award</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globe Award">Golden Globe Award</a> for her portrayal of Ford.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> Ford is 1 of 3 former first ladies whose lives are the focus of <a href="/wiki/Showtime_(TV_network)" title="Showtime (TV network)">Showtime</a>'s series <a href="/wiki/The_First_Lady_(American_TV_series)" title="The First Lady (American TV series)">The First Lady</a>, in which she is portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Kristine_Froseth" title="Kristine Froseth">Kristine Froseth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Pfeiffer" title="Michelle Pfeiffer">Michelle Pfeiffer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Awards and honors">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Lady_Betty_Ford_with_Members_of_the_National_Women%E2%80%99s_Party_Following_the_Presentation_of_the_First_Alice_Paul_Award_to_Mrs._Ford_in_the_Map_Room_at_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_23898579.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_with_Members_of_the_National_Women%E2%80%99s_Party_Following_the_Presentation_of_the_First_Alice_Paul_Award_to_Mrs._Ford_in_the_Map_Room_at_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_23898579.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_with_Members_of_the_National_Women%E2%80%99s_Party_Following_the_Presentation_of_the_First_Alice_Paul_Award_to_Mrs._Ford_in_the_Map_Room_at_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_23898579.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/First_Lady_Betty_Ford_with_Members_of_the_National_Women%E2%80%99s_Party_Following_the_Presentation_of_the_First_Alice_Paul_Award_to_Mrs._Ford_in_the_Map_Room_at_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_23898579.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2387" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/National_Woman%27s_Party" title="National Woman's Party">National Woman's Party</a> presents Ford with a plaque honoring her as its inaugural "Alice Paul Award" in the <a href="/wiki/Map_Room_(White_House)" title="Map Room (White House)">White House's Map Room</a> on January 11, 1977 (the 92nd birthday of <a href="/wiki/Alice_Paul" title="Alice Paul">Alice Paul</a>).<a href="#cite_note-AlicePaul-130">[130]</a></figcaption></figure> In 1975, when Time named "American women" as its "Time Person of the Year",<a href="#cite_note-time1-40">[40]</a> the magazine profiled Ford as one of eleven women selected to represent "American women".<a href="#cite_note-Tucker1-41">[41]</a> Other honors and awards include: <ul><li>1975 <a href="/wiki/National_Woman%27s_Party" title="National Woman's Party">National Woman's Party</a> "Alice Paul Award"<a href="#cite_note-AlicePaul-130">[130]</a></li> <li>1975 Philadelphia Association for Retarded Citizens "Humanitarian Award"<a href="#cite_note-awards1-131">[131]</a></li> <li>1975 National Art Association "Distinguished Woman of the Year Award"<a href="#cite_note-awards1-131">[131]</a></li> <li>1975 <a href="/wiki/Anti-Defamation_League" title="Anti-Defamation League">Anti-Defamation League</a> Women's Division "Rita V. Tishman Human Relations Award"<a href="#cite_note-awards1-131">[131]</a></li> <li>1975 <a href="/wiki/Florists%27_Transworld_Delivery" title="Florists' Transworld Delivery">Florists' Transworld Delivery</a> "Golden Rose Award"<a href="#cite_note-awards1-131">[131]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Pleiades_(Iran)" title="Order of the Pleiades (Iran)">Order of the Pleiades</a> (awarded in 1975 by Shah <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi" title="Mohammad Reza Pahlavi">Mohammad Reza Pahlavi</a> of <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>)<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a></li> <li>1976 <a href="/wiki/Parsons_School_of_Design" title="Parsons School of Design">Parsons</a> Annual Critics Awards Show "Parsons Award" (an award given to individuals that, "not only advance the cause of American fashion, but in doing so serve as an inpiration for students who are about to assume professional and citizenship roles in American society.")<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a></li> <li>1978 Eleanor Roosevelt Humanities Award<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>1981 Friends of <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrew University">Hebrew University</a> "Scopus Award"<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>1982 <a href="/wiki/American_Cancer_Society" title="American Cancer Society">American Cancer Society</a> "Hubert Humphrey Inspirational Award"<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>1983 <a href="/wiki/Susan_G._Komen_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Susan G. Komen Foundation">Susan G. Komen Foundation</a> "Komen Foundation Award"<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>1984 <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Arthritis_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Arthritis Foundation (page does not exist)">National Arthritis Foundation</a> "Harding Award"</li> <li>1985 <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Awards_for_Public_Service" title="Jefferson Awards for Public Service">Jefferson Awards for Public Service</a> "Award for Greatest Public Service Benefiting the Disadvantaged"<a href="#cite_note-JeffersonAwards1-106">[106]</a></li> <li>1985 <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Achievement" class="mw-redirect" title="American Academy of Achievement">American Academy of Achievement</a> "Golden Plate Award"<a href="#cite_note-GPAAAA1-107">[107]</a></li> <li>1985 <a href="/wiki/AIDS_Project_Los_Angeles" class="mw-redirect" title="AIDS Project Los Angeles">AIDS Project Los Angeles</a> "Commitment to Life Award"<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>1986 <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Council_on_Alcoholism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Council on Alcoholism (page does not exist)">National Council on Alcoholism</a> "Golden Key Award"<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>Inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Michigan_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Michigan Women's Hall of Fame">Michigan Women's Hall of Fame</a> in 1987<a href="#cite_note-ggrwhc1-109">[109]</a></li> <li>1987 <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Center_for_the_Disabled&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Center for the Disabled (page does not exist)">International Center for the Disabled</a> "Freedom of Human Spirit Award"</li> <li>1988 College of Communication at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Texas">University of Texas</a> "McGovern Distinguished Leadership Award"<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>"Citation of Layman for Distinguished Service" awarded by the <a href="/wiki/American_Medical_Association" title="American Medical Association">American Medical Association</a> in 1979</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a> (awarded in 1991 by President <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a>)<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-FLNHS1-110">[110]</a></li> <li>1991 <a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Forum" title="International Women's Forum">International Women's Forum</a> "Hall of Fame Award"<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>1995 <a href="/wiki/Samaritan_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Samaritan Institute">Samaritan Institute</a> "National Samaritan Award"<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>1995 <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Hospital_for_Women" title="Columbia Hospital for Women">Columbia Hospital for Women</a> "Breast Cancer Awareness Lifetime Achievement Award"<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>1995 <a href="/wiki/Center_on_Addiction_and_Substance_Abuse" class="mw-redirect" title="Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse">Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse</a> "Distinguished Service Award"<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>1996 <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope_Classic" class="mw-redirect" title="Bob Hope Classic">Bob Hope Classic</a> Ball awardee<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>1997 <a href="/wiki/American_Institute_for_Public_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="American Institute for Public Service">American Institute for Public Service</a> "<a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Jefferson Award">Jefferson Award</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>1997 Michigan Women's Foundation "Women of Achievement & Courage" award<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>1997 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Women%27s_International_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Women's International Center (page does not exist)">Women's International Center</a> "Living Legacy Award"<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>1998 <a href="/wiki/Common_Wealth_Award_of_Distinguished_Service" title="Common Wealth Award of Distinguished Service">Common Wealth Award of Distinguished Service</a><a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>1998 <a href="/wiki/Ronald_McDonald_House_Charities" title="Ronald McDonald House Charities">Ronald McDonald House Charities</a> "Award of Excellence"</li> <li>Congressional Gold Medal in 1999 (jointly awarded to Betty and Gerald Ford)<a href="#cite_note-FordsCGMCNN-111">[111]</a></li> <li>Golden Palm Star on the <a href="/wiki/Palm_Springs_Walk_of_Stars" title="Palm Springs Walk of Stars">Palm Springs Walk of Stars</a> (jointly awarded to Betty and Gerald Ford in 1999)<a href="#cite_note-PSWS-112">[112]</a></li> <li>1999 <a href="/wiki/American_Hospital_Association" title="American Hospital Association">American Hospital Association</a> "C. Everett Koop Health Award"<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>2000 <a href="/wiki/Lasker_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Lasker Foundation">Lasker Foundation</a> <a href="/wiki/Mary_Woodard_Lasker_Public_Service_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Woodard Lasker Public Service Award">Mary Woodard Lasker Public Service Award</a><a href="#cite_note-Lasker1-113">[113]</a></li> <li>2003 <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a> <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Woodrow Wilson Center">Woodrow Wilson Center</a> "<a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Woodrow Wilson Award">Woodrow Wilson Award</a>"<a href="#cite_note-FLbiogs-3">[3]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Women's Hall of Fame">National Women's Hall of Fame</a> (inducted posthumously in 2013)<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a></li> <li>2024 <a href="/wiki/United_States_Postal_Service" title="United States Postal Service">United States Postal Service</a> <a href="/wiki/Commemorative_stamp" title="Commemorative stamp">commemorative postage stamp</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Things_and_places_named_for_Ford">Things and places named for Ford</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Things and places named for Ford">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Betty Ford Cancer Research Center at <a href="/wiki/Cedars-Sinai_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Cedars-Sinai Hospital">Cedars-Sinai Hospital</a> in Los Angeles, California (named after Ford in 1978)<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li>Betty Ford Center for Comprehensive Breast Diagnosis at <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Hospital_for_Women" title="Columbia Hospital for Women">Columbia Hospital for Women</a> in Washington, D.C. (named for Ford in 1980;<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a> hospital now defunct<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford_Alpine_Gardens" title="Betty Ford Alpine Gardens">Betty Ford Alpine Gardens</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vail,_Colorado" title="Vail, Colorado">Vail, Colorado</a><a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_G._Komen_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Susan G. Komen Foundation">Susan G. Komen Foundation</a> "Betty Ford Award" (formerly known as the "Women Foundation Award")<a href="#cite_note-Awards1-134">[134]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Books_authored">Books authored</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Books authored">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFord,_BettyChase,_Chris1978" class="citation book cs1">Ford, Betty; <a href="/wiki/Chris_Chase" title="Chris Chase">Chase, Chris</a> (1978). The Times of My Life. New York City, New York: <a href="/wiki/Harper_%26_Row" class="mw-redirect" title="Harper & Row">Harper & Row</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-011298-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-011298-1"><bdi>978-0-06-011298-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Times+of+My+Life&rft.place=New+York+City%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Row&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=978-0-06-011298-1&rft.au=Ford%2C+Betty&rft.au=Chase%2C+Chris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Ford" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFord,_BettyChase,_Chris1987" class="citation book cs1">Ford, Betty; <a href="/wiki/Chris_Chase" title="Chris Chase">Chase, Chris</a> (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bettygladawakeni00ford">Betty, a Glad Awakening</a>. Garden City, New York: <a href="/wiki/Doubleday_(publisher)" title="Doubleday (publisher)">Doubleday</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-385-23502-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-385-23502-0"><bdi>978-0-385-23502-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Betty%2C+a+Glad+Awakening&rft.place=Garden+City%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Doubleday&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-385-23502-0&rft.au=Ford%2C+Betty&rft.au=Chase%2C+Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbettygladawakeni00ford&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Ford" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFord,_BettyBetty_Ford_Center2003" class="citation book cs1">Ford, Betty; Betty Ford Center (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/healinghopesixwo00ford">Healing and Hope: Six Women from the Betty Ford Center Share Their Powerful Journeys of Addiction and Recovery</a>. New York City, New York: <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Group" title="Penguin Group">Putnam (Penguin Group)</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-399-15138-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-399-15138-5"><bdi>978-0-399-15138-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Healing+and+Hope%3A+Six+Women+from+the+Betty+Ford+Center+Share+Their+Powerful+Journeys+of+Addiction+and+Recovery&rft.place=New+York+City%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Putnam+%28Penguin+Group%29&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-399-15138-5&rft.au=Ford%2C+Betty&rft.au=Betty+Ford+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhealinghopesixwo00ford&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Ford" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> 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ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?susanbailes">"Susan Ford - C-SPAN.org"</a>. www.c-span.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.c-span.org&rft.atitle=Susan+Ford+-+C-SPAN.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.c-span.org%2Fperson%2F%3Fsusanbailes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Ford" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/avproj/hseries/wedding.asp">"Wedding"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gerald_R._Ford_Presidential_Museum" title="Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum">Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library and Museum</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200211212659/https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/avproj/hseries/wedding.asp">Archived</a> from the original on February 11, 2020. Retrieved February 11, 2020. <q>Gerald R. Ford, Jr., and Betty Bloomer Warren at their wedding rehearsal dinner..</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wedding&rft.pub=Gerald+R.+Ford+Presidential+Library+and+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fordlibrarymuseum.gov%2Favproj%2Fhseries%2Fwedding.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Ford" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FLbiogs-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-21">v</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-22">w</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-23">x</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-24">y</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-25">z</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-26">aa</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-27">ab</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-28">ac</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-29">ad</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-30">ae</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-31">af</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-32">ag</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-33">ah</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-34">ai</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-35">aj</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-36">ak</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-37">al</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-38">am</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-39">an</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-40">ao</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-41">ap</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-42">aq</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-43">ar</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-44">as</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-45">at</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-46">au</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-47">av</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-48">aw</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-49">ax</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-50">ay</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-51">az</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-52">ba</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-53">bb</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-54">bc</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-55">bd</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-56">be</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-57">bf</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-58">bg</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-59">bh</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-60">bi</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-61">bj</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FLbiogs_3-62">bk</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120509084814/http://www.firstladies.org/biographies/firstladies.aspx?biography=39">"First Lady Biography—Betty Ford"</a>. <a href="/wiki/First_Ladies_National_Historic_Site" title="First Ladies National Historic Site">National First Ladies' Library</a>. n.d. 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Ford Presidential Library and Museum. www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov. Retrieved January 22, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gerald+R.+Ford+Presidential+Library+and+Museum&rft.atitle=Ford+Museum+-+Artifact+Collections+-+Head+of+State+Gifts+Artifacts+-+medal+from+the+Arab+Republic+of+Egypt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fordlibrarymuseum.gov%2Fmuseum%2FArtifactCollectionSamples%2FCatagories%2FStateGifts%2FMedal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Ford" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/document/0003/1069090.pdf">"The original documents are located in Box 1, folder "1976/03/29 – Parsons Award, New York City" of the Frances K. Pullen Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library"</a> (PDF). www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov. Gerald R. Ford Ford Presidential Library and Museum. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov&rft.atitle=The+original+documents+are+located+in+Box+1%2C+folder+%221976%2F03%2F29+%E2%80%93+Parsons+Award%2C+New+York+City%22+of+the+Frances+K.+Pullen+Papers+at+the+Gerald+R.+Ford+Presidential+Library.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fordlibrarymuseum.gov%2Flibrary%2Fdocument%2F0003%2F1069090.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Ford" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Awards1-134">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Awards1_134-20">u</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/grf/bbfaward.asp">"Betty Ford – Awards and Honors Received"</a>. www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov. Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library and Museum. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov&rft.atitle=Betty+Ford+%E2%80%93+Awards+and+Honors+Received&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fordlibrarymuseum.gov%2Fgrf%2Fbbfaward.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Ford" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.womenofthehall.org/inductee/betty-ford/">"Ford, Betty"</a>. National Women's Hall of Fame. Retrieved July 21, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ford%2C+Betty&rft.pub=National+Women%27s+Hall+of+Fame&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.womenofthehall.org%2Finductee%2Fbetty-ford%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Ford" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://virtualstampclub.com/lloydblog/?p=17517">"Betty Ford (U.S. 2024) | virtualstampclub.com"</a>. March 6, 2024. Retrieved May 9, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Betty+Ford+%28U.S.+2024%29+%7C+virtualstampclub.com&rft.date=2024-03-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvirtualstampclub.com%2Flloydblog%2F%3Fp%3D17517&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Ford" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNatanson2019" class="citation news cs1">Natanson, Hannah (August 18, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2019/08/17/we-lost-something-special-womens-hospital-that-became-trader-joes/">"'We lost something special': The women's hospital in D.C. that became a Trader Joe's"</a>. Washington Post. Retrieved January 21, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=%27We+lost+something+special%27%3A+The+women%27s+hospital+in+D.C.+that+became+a+Trader+Joe%27s&rft.date=2019-08-18&rft.aulast=Natanson&rft.aufirst=Hannah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fhistory%2F2019%2F08%2F17%2Fwe-lost-something-special-womens-hospital-that-became-trader-joes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Ford" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A80605885/GPS?u=wikipedia&sid=GPS&xid=6f8aa054">Ashley, Jeffrey S. "The Social and Political Influence of Betty Ford: Betty Bloomer Blossoms" White House Studies 1.1 (2001): 101–109.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/27552320">Borrelli, Maryanne. "Competing conceptions of the first ladyship: Public responses to Betty Ford's 60 Minutes interview." Presidential Studies Quarterly 31.3 (2001): 397–414.</a></li> <li>Brower, Kate Andersen. First women: The grace and power of America's modern First Ladies (HarperCollins, 2017).</li> <li>Dubriwny, Tasha N. "Constructing breast cancer in the news: Betty Ford and the evolution of the breast cancer patient." Journal of Communication Inquiry 33.2 (2009): 104–125.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27550241">Gould, Lewis L. "Modern first ladies in historical perspective." Presidential Studies Quarterly 15.3 (1985): 532–540.</a></li> <li><a href="//doi.org/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1501344" class="extiw" title="doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1501344">Greene, John Robert. "Ford, Betty" American National Biography (2013)</a>. (subscription required)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvm202cd?turn_away=true&Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=%22Betty+Ford%22&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3FQuery%3D%2522Betty%2BFord%2522&ab_segments=0%2Fbasic_SYC-5152%2Ftest&refreqid=search%3A423a835553681e6b844ec573542511e9">Greene, John Robert. Betty Ford: Candor and Courage in the White House (2004).</a></li> <li>Gregory Knight, Myra. "Issues of Openness and Privacy: Press and Public Response to Betty Ford's Breast Cancer." American Journalism 17.1 (2000): 53–71.</li> <li>Hummer, Jill Abraham. "First Ladies and the Cultural Everywoman Ideal: Gender Performance and Representation." White House Studies 9.4 (2009) pp. 403–422. Compares Lady Bird Johnson, Betty Ford, and Barbara Bush.</li> <li>McClellan, Michelle L. "Fame through Shame: Women Alcoholics, Celebrity, and Disclosure." Journal of Historical Biography 13 (2013): 93–122, includes Margaret Mann, Lillian Roth, and Betty Ford.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCubbin2018" class="citation book cs1">McCubbin, Lisa (2018). Betty Ford: First Lady, Women's Advocate, Survivor, Trailblazer. New York: Gallery Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1501164682" title="Special:BookSources/978-1501164682"><bdi>978-1501164682</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Betty+Ford%3A+First+Lady%2C+Women%27s+Advocate%2C+Survivor%2C+Trailblazer&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Gallery+Books&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1501164682&rft.aulast=McCubbin&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Ford" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2023" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Norton_Smith" title="Richard Norton Smith">Smith, Richard Norton</a> (2023). An Ordinary Man: The Surprising Life and Historic Presidency of Gerald R. Ford. New York: Harper. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0062684165" title="Special:BookSources/978-0062684165"><bdi>978-0062684165</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Ordinary+Man%3A+The+Surprising+Life+and+Historic+Presidency+of+Gerald+R.+Ford&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Harper&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=978-0062684165&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Richard+Norton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Ford" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20700159">Tobin, Leesa E. "Betty Ford as first lady: A woman for women." Presidential Studies Quarterly 20.4 (1990): 761–767.</a></li> <li>Troy, Gil. Mr. and Mrs. President: From the Trumans to the Clintons (2d rev. ed., 2000).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ud9bCwAAQBAJ&dq=warters++ford&pg=PA181">Warters, T. Alissa. "Ford and Ford" in Scott Kaufman, ed. A Companion to Gerald R. Ford and Jimmy Carter (2015) pp 181–95.</a></li> <li>Watson, Robert P. The Presidents' Wives: The Office of the First Lady in US Politics (2nd ed. 2014).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Ford&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output 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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Betty_Ford" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Betty Ford">Betty Ford</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130217093343/http://knowledgenetwork.alumni.msu.edu/knowledge-visualization/bettyfordifiguredokillmovetothewhitehousedothebesticanandiftheydontlikeittheycankickmeoutbuttheycantmakemesomebodyimnot.html">Betty Ford, a Visual History</a> curated by Michigan State University</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0004932/">Betty Ford</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.life.com/gallery/52731/remembering-betty-ford#index/0">Remembering Betty Ford</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111221160859/http://www.life.com/gallery/52731/remembering-betty-ford#index/0">Archived</a> December 21, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>—slideshow by <a href="/wiki/Life_(magazine)" title="Life (magazine)">Life</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?bettyford">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213122#P2190" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://firstladies.c-span.org/FirstLady/40/Betty-Ford.aspx">Betty Ford</a> at <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a>'s <a href="/wiki/First_Ladies:_Influence_%26_Image" title="First Ladies: Influence & Image">First Ladies: Influence & Image</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF157;">Honorary titles </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Vacant<div style="font-size:90%">Title last held by</div><a href="/wiki/Judy_Agnew" title="Judy Agnew">Judy Agnew</a> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Second_Lady_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Lady of the United States">Second Lady of the United States</a> 1973–1974 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Vacant<div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><a href="/wiki/Happy_Rockefeller" title="Happy Rockefeller">Happy Rockefeller</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Pat_Nixon" title="Pat Nixon">Pat Nixon</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/First_Lady_of_the_United_States" title="First Lady of the United States">First Lady of the United States</a> 1974–1977 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Rosalynn_Carter" title="Rosalynn Carter">Rosalynn Carter</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">First</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Chairwoman of <a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford_Center" title="Betty Ford Center">Betty Ford Center</a> 1982–2005 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Susan_Ford_Bales" title="Susan Ford Bales">Susan Ford Bales</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_First_Ladies" title="Template:US First Ladies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_First_Ladies" title="Template talk:US First Ladies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_First_Ladies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US First Ladies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="First_ladies_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_first_ladies_of_the_United_States" title="List of first ladies of the United States">First ladies of the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Washington" title="Martha Washington">Martha Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abigail_Adams" title="Abigail Adams">Abigail Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Jefferson_Randolph" title="Martha Jefferson Randolph">Martha Jefferson Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolley_Madison" title="Dolley Madison">Dolley Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Monroe" title="Elizabeth Monroe">Elizabeth Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisa_Adams" title="Louisa Adams">Louisa Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Donelson" title="Emily Donelson">Emily Donelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Yorke_Jackson" title="Sarah Yorke Jackson">Sarah Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelica_Singleton_Van_Buren" title="Angelica Singleton Van Buren">Angelica Van Buren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Harrison" title="Anna Harrison">Anna Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Irwin_Harrison" title="Jane Irwin Harrison">Jane Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letitia_Christian_Tyler" title="Letitia Christian Tyler">Letitia Tyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priscilla_Cooper_Tyler" title="Priscilla Cooper Tyler">Priscilla Tyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Gardiner_Tyler" title="Julia Gardiner Tyler">Julia Tyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Childress_Polk" title="Sarah Childress Polk">Sarah Polk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Taylor" title="Margaret Taylor">Margaret Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abigail_Fillmore" title="Abigail Fillmore">Abigail Fillmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Pierce" title="Jane Pierce">Jane Pierce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Lane" title="Harriet Lane">Harriet Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Todd_Lincoln" title="Mary Todd Lincoln">Mary Todd Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliza_McCardle_Johnson" title="Eliza McCardle Johnson">Eliza Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Grant" title="Julia Grant">Julia Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Webb_Hayes" title="Lucy Webb Hayes">Lucy Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucretia_Garfield" title="Lucretia Garfield">Lucretia Garfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Arthur_McElroy" title="Mary Arthur McElroy">Mary McElroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Cleveland" title="Rose Cleveland">Rose Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Cleveland" title="Frances Cleveland">Frances Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Harrison" title="Caroline Harrison">Caroline Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Harrison_McKee" title="Mary Harrison McKee">Mary Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Cleveland" title="Frances Cleveland">Frances Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida_Saxton_McKinley" title="Ida Saxton McKinley">Ida McKinley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Roosevelt" title="Edith Roosevelt">Edith Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Herron_Taft" title="Helen Herron Taft">Helen Taft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Axson_Wilson" title="Ellen Axson Wilson">Ellen Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Margaret Woodrow Wilson">Margaret Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Wilson" title="Edith Wilson">Edith Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Harding" title="Florence Harding">Florence Harding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Coolidge" title="Grace Coolidge">Grace Coolidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Henry_Hoover" title="Lou Henry Hoover">Lou Hoover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bess_Truman" title="Bess Truman">Bess Truman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamie_Eisenhower" title="Mamie Eisenhower">Mamie Eisenhower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy_Onassis" title="Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis">Jacqueline Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Bird_Johnson" title="Lady Bird Johnson">Lady Bird Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Nixon" title="Pat Nixon">Pat Nixon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Betty Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosalynn_Carter" title="Rosalynn Carter">Rosalynn Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Reagan" title="Nancy Reagan">Nancy Reagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Bush" title="Barbara Bush">Barbara Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton%27s_tenure_as_First_Lady_of_the_United_States" title="Hillary Clinton's tenure as First Lady of the United States">tenure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Bush" title="Laura Bush">Laura Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Obama" title="Michelle Obama">Michelle Obama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melania_Trump" title="Melania Trump">Melania Trump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jill_Biden" title="Jill Biden">Jill Biden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Lady_of_the_United_States" title="First Lady of the United States">First Lady of the United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_United_States_presidential_spouses_and_first_ladies" title="Bibliography of United States presidential spouses and first ladies">bibliographies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_family_of_the_United_States" title="First family of the United States">families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_First_Lady_of_the_United_States_firsts" title="List of First Lady of the United States firsts">firsts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_memoirs_by_first_ladies_of_the_United_States" title="List of memoirs by first ladies of the United States">memoirs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Ladies_National_Historic_Site" title="First Ladies National Historic Site">National Historic Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:First_ladies_of_the_United_States" title="Category:First ladies of the United States">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Second_ladies_and_gentlemen_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Second_Ladies_and_Gentlemen" title="Template:US Second Ladies and Gentlemen"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Second_Ladies_and_Gentlemen" title="Template talk:US Second Ladies and Gentlemen"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Second_Ladies_and_Gentlemen" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Second Ladies and Gentlemen"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Second_ladies_and_gentlemen_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Second_ladies_and_gentlemen_of_the_United_States" title="Second ladies and gentlemen of the United States">Second ladies and gentlemen of the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abigail_Adams" title="Abigail Adams">Abigail Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Gerry" title="Ann Gerry">Ann Gerry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_Tompkins" title="Hannah Tompkins">Hannah Tompkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floride_Calhoun" title="Floride Calhoun">Floride Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letitia_Christian_Tyler" title="Letitia Christian Tyler">Letitia Tyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophia_Dallas" title="Sophia Dallas">Sophia Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abigail_Fillmore" title="Abigail Fillmore">Abigail Fillmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Cyrene_Breckinridge" title="Mary Cyrene Breckinridge">Mary Cyrene Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Hamlin" title="Ellen Hamlin">Ellen Vesta Emery Hamlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliza_McCardle_Johnson" title="Eliza McCardle Johnson">Eliza Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Maria_Colfax" title="Ellen Maria Colfax">Ellen Maria Colfax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliza_Hendricks" title="Eliza Hendricks">Eliza Hendricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Morton" title="Anna Morton">Anna Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letitia_Stevenson" title="Letitia Stevenson">Letitia Stevenson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennie_Tuttle_Hobart" title="Jennie Tuttle Hobart">Jennie Tuttle Hobart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Roosevelt" title="Edith Roosevelt">Edith Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Cole_Fairbanks" title="Cornelia Cole Fairbanks">Cornelia Cole Fairbanks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrie_Babcock_Sherman" title="Carrie Babcock Sherman">Carrie Babcock Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lois_Irene_Marshall" title="Lois Irene Marshall">Lois Irene Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Coolidge" title="Grace Coolidge">Grace Coolidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caro_Dawes" title="Caro Dawes">Caro Dawes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariette_Rheiner_Garner" title="Mariette Rheiner Garner">Mariette Rheiner Garner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilo_Wallace" title="Ilo Wallace">Ilo Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bess_Truman" title="Bess Truman">Bess Truman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Hadley_Barkley" title="Jane Hadley Barkley">Jane Hadley Barkley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Nixon" title="Pat Nixon">Pat Nixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Bird_Johnson" title="Lady Bird Johnson">Lady Bird Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muriel_Humphrey" title="Muriel Humphrey">Muriel Humphrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Agnew" title="Judy Agnew">Judy Agnew</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Betty Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Happy_Rockefeller" title="Happy Rockefeller">Happy Rockefeller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Mondale" title="Joan Mondale">Joan Mondale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Bush" title="Barbara Bush">Barbara Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Quayle" title="Marilyn Quayle">Marilyn Quayle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipper_Gore" title="Tipper Gore">Tipper Gore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynne_Cheney" title="Lynne Cheney">Lynne Cheney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jill_Biden" title="Jill Biden">Jill Biden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Pence" title="Karen Pence">Karen Pence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Emhoff" title="Doug Emhoff">Douglas Emhoff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gerald_Ford" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gerald_Ford" title="Template:Gerald Ford"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gerald_Ford" title="Template talk:Gerald Ford"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gerald_Ford" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gerald Ford"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gerald_Ford" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">38th</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1974–1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">40th</a> <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a> (1973–1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Michigan" title="List of United States representatives from Michigan">U.S. Representative</a> for <a href="/wiki/Michigan%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Michigan's 5th congressional district">MI–5</a> (1949–1973)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Gerald_Ford" title="Presidency of Gerald Ford">Presidency</a> (<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Gerald_Ford_presidency" title="Timeline of the Gerald Ford presidency">timeline</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Gerald_Ford" title="Inauguration of Gerald Ford">Inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_presidency_of_Gerald_Ford" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the presidency of Gerald Ford">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Gerald_Ford_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Gerald Ford administration">Foreign policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal-Aid_Highway_Amendments_of_1974" title="Federal-Aid Highway Amendments of 1974">Federal-Aid Highway Amendments of 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resource_Conservation_and_Recovery_Act" title="Resource Conservation and Recovery Act">Resource Conservation and Recovery Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safe_Drinking_Water_Act" title="Safe Drinking Water Act">Safe Drinking Water Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toxic_Substances_Control_Act_of_1976" title="Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976">Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equal_Credit_Opportunity_Act" title="Equal Credit Opportunity Act">Equal Credit Opportunity Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Employee_Retirement_Income_Security_Act_of_1974" title="Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974">Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_Mortgage_Disclosure_Act" title="Home Mortgage Disclosure Act">Home Mortgage Disclosure Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_for_All_Handicapped_Children_Act" title="Education for All Handicapped Children Act">Education for All Handicapped Children Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladivostok_Summit_Meeting_on_Arms_Control" title="Vladivostok Summit Meeting on Arms Control">Vladivostok Summit Meeting on Arms Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Accords#Ford_Administration" title="Helsinki Accords">Helsinki Accords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Study_Memorandum_200" title="National Security Study Memorandum 200">National Security Study Memorandum 200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pardon_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Pardon of Richard Nixon">Nixon pardon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whip_inflation_now" class="mw-redirect" title="Whip inflation now">Whip inflation now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_policy_of_the_Gerald_Ford_administration" title="Cannabis policy of the Gerald Ford administration">Cannabis policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_desk" title="Wilson desk">Wilson desk</a></li> <li>Assassination attempts <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Gerald_Ford_in_Sacramento" title="Attempted assassination of Gerald Ford in Sacramento">Sacramento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Gerald_Ford_in_San_Francisco" title="Attempted assassination of Gerald Ford in San Francisco">San Francisco</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Union" title="State of the Union">State of the Union Addresses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1975_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1975 State of the Union Address">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1976 State of the Union Address">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1977 State of the Union Address">1977</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Gerald_Ford" title="List of federal judges appointed by Gerald Ford">Judicial appointments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Gerald Ford Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford_judicial_appointment_controversies" title="Gerald Ford judicial appointment controversies">controversies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Gerald_Rudolph_Ford/Executive_orders" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Gerald Rudolph Ford/Executive orders">Executive Orders</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Gerald_Rudolph_Ford/Presidential_Proclamations" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Gerald Rudolph Ford/Presidential Proclamations">Presidential Proclamations</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Gerald_Ford_presidential_portrait_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Gerald_Ford_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Gerald_Ford_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Gerald_Ford_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Gerald_Ford_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Gerald_Ford_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Gerald_Ford_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="2741" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_R._Ford_Birthsite_and_Gardens" title="Gerald R. Ford Birthsite and Gardens">Gerald R. Ford Birthsite and Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_Gerald_R._Ford_Jr._Boyhood_Home" title="President Gerald R. Ford Jr. Boyhood Home">President Gerald R. Ford Jr. Boyhood Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_R._Ford_Jr._House" title="Gerald R. Ford Jr. House">Gerald R. Ford Jr. House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Commission" title="Warren Commission">Warren Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_United_States_vice_presidential_confirmation" title="1973 United States vice presidential confirmation">Confirmation as Vice President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AEI_World_Forum" title="AEI World Forum">AEI World Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Gerald_Ford" title="Death and state funeral of Gerald Ford">Death and state funeral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_R._Ford_Presidential_Museum" title="Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum">Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_R._Ford_Presidential_Library" title="Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library">Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Gerald_Ford" title="Electoral history of Gerald Ford">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>United States House of Representatives elections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1948 United States House of Representatives elections">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1950 United States House of Representatives elections">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1952 United States House of Representatives elections">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1954 United States House of Representatives elections">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1958 United States House of Representatives elections">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1960 United States House of Representatives elections">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1962 United States House of Representatives elections">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1964 United States House of Representatives elections">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1966 United States House of Representatives elections">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1968 United States House of Representatives elections">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1970 United States House of Representatives elections">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1972 United States House of Representatives elections">1972</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">1976 presidential election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Presidential transition of Jimmy Carter">Carter transition</a></li></ul></li> <li>Republican Party presidential primaries <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1976 Republican Party presidential primaries">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Republican Party presidential primaries">1980</a></li></ul></li> <li>1976 Republican National Convention <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_National_Convention" title="1976 Republican National Convention">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_National_Convention" title="1980 Republican National Convention">1980</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cultural depictions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Pink_Panther_Strikes_Again" title="The Pink Panther Strikes Again">The Pink Panther Strikes Again</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superman_vs._Muhammad_Ali" title="Superman vs. Muhammad Ali">Superman vs. Muhammad Ali</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynasty_(1981_TV_series)" title="Dynasty (1981 TV series)">Dynasty</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Betty_Ford_Story" title="The Betty Ford Story">The Betty Ford Story</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassins_(musical)" title="Assassins (musical)">Assassins</a> (1990)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Two_Bad_Neighbors" title="Two Bad Neighbors">Two Bad Neighbors</a>" (1996)</li> <li>Saturday Night Live parodies <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_X-Presidents" title="The X-Presidents">The X-Presidents</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Reunion" title="Presidential Reunion">Presidential Reunion</a> (2010)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Political_Machine" title="The Political Machine">The Political Machine</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Butler" title="The Butler">The Butler</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_First_Lady_(American_TV_series)" title="The First Lady (American TV series)">The First Lady</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_R._Ford_International_Airport" title="Gerald R. Ford International Airport">Gerald R. Ford International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Gerald_R._Ford_Award" title="NCAA Gerald R. Ford Award">Gerald R. Ford Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_School_of_Public_Policy" title="Ford School of Public Policy">Ford School of Public Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_House_Office_Building" title="Ford House Office Building">Ford House Office Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Gerald_R._Ford" title="USS Gerald R. Ford">USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_R._Ford_Freeway" title="Gerald R. Ford Freeway">Gerald R. Ford Freeway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_United_States_on_U.S._postage_stamps#Gerald_Ford" title="Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps">U.S. Postage stamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Gerald_Ford" title="Statue of Gerald Ford">Statue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Henry_King" title="Charles Henry King">Charles Henry King</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Lynch_King_Sr." title="Leslie Lynch King Sr.">Leslie Lynch King Sr.</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Ayer_Gardner_Ford" title="Dorothy Ayer Gardner Ford">Dorothy Gardner Ford</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Rudolff_Ford" title="Gerald Rudolff Ford">Gerald Rudolff Ford</a> (stepfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gardner_Ford" title="Thomas Gardner Ford">Thomas Gardner Ford</a> (half-brother)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Betty Ford</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gerald_Ford" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Gerald Ford">Michael Gerald Ford</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gardner_Ford" class="mw-redirect" title="John Gardner Ford">John Gardner Ford</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Ford" title="Steven Ford">Steven Meigs Ford</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Ford_Bales" title="Susan Ford Bales">Susan Ford Bales</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_(dog)" title="Liberty (dog)">Liberty</a> (family dog)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">← Richard Nixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spiro_Agnew" title="Spiro Agnew">← Spiro Agnew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Rockefeller" title="Nelson Rockefeller">Nelson Rockefeller →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Gerald_Ford" title="Category:Gerald Ford">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Awards_for_Betty_Ford" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Awards_for_Betty_Ford" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Awards for Betty Ford</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Time_Persons_of_the_Year" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Time_Persons_of_the_Year" title="Template:Time Persons of the Year"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Time_Persons_of_the_Year" title="Template talk:Time Persons of the Year"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Time_Persons_of_the_Year" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Time Persons of the Year"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Time_Persons_of_the_Year" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Time_Person_of_the_Year" title="Time Person of the Year">Time Persons of the Year</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1927–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles Lindbergh</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Chrysler" title="Walter Chrysler">Walter Chrysler</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_D._Young" title="Owen D. Young">Owen D. Young</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mohandas Gandhi</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Laval" title="Pierre Laval">Pierre Laval</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_S._Johnson" title="Hugh S. Johnson">Hugh S. Johnson</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haile_Selassie" title="Haile Selassie">Haile Selassie</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallis_Simpson" title="Wallis Simpson">Wallis Simpson</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" title="Chiang Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a> / <a href="/wiki/Soong_Mei-ling" title="Soong Mei-ling">Soong Mei-ling</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_C._Marshall" title="George C. Marshall">George Marshall</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Byrnes" title="James F. Byrnes">James F. Byrnes</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_C._Marshall" title="George C. Marshall">George Marshall</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">The American Fighting-Man</a> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mosaddegh" title="Mohammad Mosaddegh">Mohammed Mosaddeq</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II </a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Foster_Dulles" title="John Foster Dulles">John Foster Dulles</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlow_Curtice" title="Harlow Curtice">Harlow Curtice</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1956">Hungarian Freedom Fighters</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Nikita Khrushchev</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> (1959)</li> <li> U.S. Scientists: <a href="/wiki/George_Beadle" title="George Beadle">George Beadle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Stark_Draper" title="Charles Stark Draper">Charles Draper</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Franklin_Enders" title="John Franklin Enders">John Enders</a> / <a href="/wiki/Donald_A._Glaser" title="Donald A. Glaser">Donald A. Glaser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Lederberg" title="Joshua Lederberg">Joshua Lederberg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Willard_Libby" title="Willard Libby">Willard Libby</a> / <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Mills_Purcell" title="Edward Mills Purcell">Edward Purcell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Isidor Rabi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Segr%C3%A8" title="Emilio Segrè">Emilio Segrè</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" title="William Shockley">William Shockley</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Teller" title="Edward Teller">Edward Teller</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Townes" title="Charles H. Townes">Charles Townes</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_Van_Allen" title="James Van Allen">James Van Allen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns_Woodward" title="Robert Burns Woodward">Robert Woodward</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXIII" title="Pope John XXIII">Pope John XXIII</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Westmoreland" title="William Westmoreland">William Westmoreland</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baby_boomers" title="Baby boomers">The Generation Twenty-Five and Under</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> (1967)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Apollo_8" title="Apollo 8">The Apollo 8 Astronauts</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Anders" title="William Anders">William Anders</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Borman" title="Frank Borman">Frank Borman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jim_Lovell" title="Jim Lovell">Jim Lovell</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_America_(United_States)" title="Middle America (United States)">The Middle Americans</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sirica" title="John Sirica">John Sirica</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Faisal of Saudi Arabia">King Faisal</a> (1974)</li> <li> American Women: <a href="/wiki/Susan_Brownmiller" title="Susan Brownmiller">Susan Brownmiller</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Byerly" title="Kathleen Byerly">Kathleen Byerly</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alison_Cheek" title="Alison Cheek">Alison Cheek</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jill_Ker_Conway" title="Jill Ker Conway">Jill Conway</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Betty Ford</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ella_Grasso" title="Ella Grasso">Ella Grasso</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carla_Anderson_Hills" title="Carla Anderson Hills">Carla Hills</a> / <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Jordan" title="Barbara Jordan">Barbara Jordan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Billie_Jean_King" title="Billie Jean King">Billie Jean King</a> / <a href="/wiki/Susie_Sharp" title="Susie Sharp">Susie Sharp</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carol_Sutton_(journalist)" title="Carol Sutton (journalist)">Carol Sutton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Addie_L._Wyatt" title="Addie L. Wyatt">Addie Wyatt</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat" title="Anwar Sadat">Anwar Sadat</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Ayatollah Khomeini</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">The Computer</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yuri_Andropov" title="Yuri Andropov">Yuri Andropov</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ueberroth" title="Peter Ueberroth">Peter Ueberroth</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmentalism" title="Environmentalism">The Endangered Earth</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner">Ted Turner</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> (1992)</li> <li> The Peacemakers: <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a> / <a href="/wiki/F._W._de_Klerk" title="F. W. de Klerk">F. W. de Klerk</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Newt Gingrich</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Ho" title="David Ho">David Ho</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Grove" title="Andrew Grove">Andrew Grove</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ken_Starr" title="Ken Starr">Ken Starr</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bezos" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Giuliani" title="Rudy Giuliani">Rudolph Giuliani</a> (2001)</li> <li> The Whistleblowers: <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Cooper_(accountant)" title="Cynthia Cooper (accountant)">Cynthia Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/Coleen_Rowley" title="Coleen Rowley">Coleen Rowley</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sherron_Watkins" title="Sherron Watkins">Sherron Watkins</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">The American Soldier</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> (2004)</li> <li> The Good Samaritans: <a href="/wiki/Bono" title="Bono">Bono</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bill_Gates" title="Bill Gates">Bill Gates</a> / <a href="/wiki/Melinda_French_Gates" title="Melinda French Gates">Melinda Gates</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/You_(Time_Person_of_the_Year)" title="You (Time Person of the Year)">You</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Bernanke" title="Ben Bernanke">Ben Bernanke</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Zuckerberg" title="Mark Zuckerberg">Mark Zuckerberg</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protest" title="Protest">The Protester</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> (2013)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_West_African_Ebola_virus_epidemic" title="Responses to the West African Ebola virus epidemic">Ebola Fighters</a>: Dr. Jerry Brown / Dr. <a href="/wiki/Kent_Brantly" title="Kent Brantly">Kent Brantly</a> / Ella Watson-Stryker / Foday Gollah / <a href="/wiki/Salome_Karwah" title="Salome Karwah">Salome Karwah</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MeToo_movement" title="MeToo movement">The Silence Breakers</a> (2017)</li> <li> The Guardians: <a href="/wiki/Jamal_Khashoggi" title="Jamal Khashoggi">Jamal Khashoggi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maria_Ressa" title="Maria Ressa">Maria Ressa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wa_Lone" title="Wa Lone">Wa Lone</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kyaw_Soe_Oo" title="Kyaw Soe Oo">Kyaw Soe Oo</a> / Staff of <a href="/wiki/Capital_Gazette_shooting" title="Capital Gazette shooting">The Capital</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greta_Thunberg" title="Greta Thunberg">Greta Thunberg</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Elon Musk</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Spirit of Ukraine</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Swift" title="Taylor Swift">Taylor Swift</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Michigan_Women&#039;s_Hall_of_Fame" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Michigan_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:Michigan Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Michigan_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:Michigan Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Michigan_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Michigan Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Michigan_Women&#039;s_Hall_of_Fame" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Michigan Women's Hall of Fame">Michigan Women's Hall of Fame</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1980s" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1980s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1983</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harriette_Simpson_Arnow" title="Harriette Simpson Arnow">Harriette Simpson Arnow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._Lorraine_Beebe" title="N. Lorraine Beebe">N. Lorraine Beebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamie_Geraldine_Neale_Bledsoe" title="Mamie Geraldine Neale Bledsoe">Mamie Geraldine Neale Bledsoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Margaret_Chandler" title="Elizabeth Margaret Chandler">Elizabeth Margaret Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Stallings_Coleman" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Stallings Coleman">Mary Stallings Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilma_T._Donahue" title="Wilma T. Donahue">Wilma T. Donahue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Eldering" title="Grace Eldering">Grace Eldering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephine_Gomon" title="Josephine Gomon">Josephine Gomon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Griffiths" title="Martha Griffiths">Martha W. Griffiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Haener" title="Dorothy Haener">Dorothy Haener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Smith_Haviland" title="Laura Smith Haviland">Laura Smith Haviland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Jeffrey" title="Mildred Jeffrey">Mildred Jeffrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Kendrick" title="Pearl Kendrick">Pearl Kendrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_W._Milliken" class="mw-redirect" title="Helen W. Milliken">Helen W. Milliken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks">Rosa Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Howard_Shaw" title="Anna Howard Shaw">Anna Howard Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucinda_Hinsdale_Stone" title="Lucinda Hinsdale Stone">Lucinda Hinsdale Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sojourner_Truth" title="Sojourner Truth">Sojourner Truth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1984</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Allan" title="Virginia Allan">Virginia Allan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helen_J._Claytor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helen J. Claytor (page does not exist)">Helen J. Claytor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Bartlett_Crane" title="Caroline Bartlett Crane">Caroline Bartlett Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_de_Angeli" title="Marguerite de Angeli">Marguerite de Angeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Genevieve_Gillette" title="Emma Genevieve Gillette">Emma Genevieve Gillette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icie_Macy_Hoobler" class="mw-redirect" title="Icie Macy Hoobler">Icie Macy Hoobler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdelaine_Laframboise" title="Magdelaine Laframboise">Magdelaine Laframboise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Longstreet" title="Martha Longstreet">Martha Longstreet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elly_M._Peterson" title="Elly M. Peterson">Elly M. Peterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessie_Pharr_Slaton" title="Jessie Pharr Slaton">Jessie Pharr Slaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_C._Spencer" title="Mary C. Spencer">Mary C. Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertha_Van_Hoosen" title="Bertha Van Hoosen">Bertha Van Hoosen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1986</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Boyle" title="Patricia Boyle">Patricia Boyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_C._Crosby" title="Elizabeth C. Crosby">Elizabeth C. Crosby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwen_Frostic" title="Gwen Frostic">Gwen Frostic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmina_R._Lucke" title="Elmina R. Lucke">Elmina R. Lucke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Swank_Matthews" class="mw-redirect" title="Marjorie Swank Matthews">Marjorie Swank Matthews</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marjorie_Peebles-Meyers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marjorie Peebles-Meyers (page does not exist)">Marjorie Peebles-Meyers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Chase_Perry_Stratton" title="Mary Chase Perry Stratton">Mary Chase Perry Stratton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Thomas" title="Helen Thomas">Helen Thomas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1987</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marion_Isabel_Barnhart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marion Isabel Barnhart (page does not exist)">Marion Isabel Barnhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Hill_Burnett" title="Patricia Hill Burnett">Patricia Hill Burnett</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethel_Calhoun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ethel Calhoun (page does not exist)">Ethel Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Emery" title="Georgia Emery">Georgia Emery</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Betty Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Slade_Gragg" title="Rosa Slade Gragg">Rosa Slade Gragg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clara_Raven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clara Raven (page does not exist)">Clara Raven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1988</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louise_(Sally)_Langdon_Brown&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louise (Sally) Langdon Brown (page does not exist)">Louise (Sally) Langdon Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethelene_Crockett" title="Ethelene Crockett">Ethelene Crockett</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcia_J._Federbush&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcia J. Federbush (page does not exist)">Marcia J. Federbush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Alvord_Harris" class="mw-redirect" title="Frances Alvord Harris">Frances Alvord Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=M._Jane_Kay_Nugent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="M. Jane Kay Nugent (page does not exist)">M. Jane Kay Nugent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Mary_Mansour" title="Agnes Mary Mansour">Agnes Mary Mansour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_M._Martin" title="Helen M. Martin">Helen M. Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Goddard_Power" title="Sarah Goddard Power">Sarah Goddard Power</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1989</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Arthur" title="Clara Arthur">Clara Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Sutherland_Bissell" title="Anna Sutherland Bissell">Anna Sutherland Bissell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexa_Canady" title="Alexa Canady">Alexa Canady</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anne_R._Davidow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anne R. Davidow (page does not exist)">Anne R. Davidow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernadine_Newsom_Denning" title="Bernadine Newsom Denning">Bernadine Newsom Denning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_Karle" title="Isabella Karle">Isabella Karle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Ledwith_King" title="Jean Ledwith King">Jean Ledwith King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olga_Madar" title="Olga Madar">Olga Madar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Anne_Bryant" title="Mary Anne Bryant">Mary Anne Bryant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1990s" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1990s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Helen_Butterfield" title="Emily Helen Butterfield">Emily Helen Butterfield</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erma_Henderson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erma Henderson (page does not exist)">Erma Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Leonard_Judd" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorothy Leonard Judd">Dorothy Leonard Judd</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elba_Lila_Morse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elba Lila Morse (page does not exist)">Elba Lila Morse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fannie_M._Richards" title="Fannie M. Richards">Fannie M. Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emelia_Christine_Schaub" title="Emelia Christine Schaub">Emelia Christine Schaub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_P._Sinclair" title="Mary P. Sinclair">Mary P. Sinclair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merze_Tate" title="Merze Tate">Merze Tate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delia_Villegas_Vorhauer" title="Delia Villegas Vorhauer">Delia Villegas Vorhauer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1991</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Andresen" title="Rachel Andresen">Rachel Andresen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Beck" title="Mary Beck">Mary Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_BenDor" title="Jan BenDor">Jan BenDor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janet_K._Good&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Janet K. Good (page does not exist)">Janet K. Good</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jo_Jacobs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jo Jacobs (page does not exist)">Jo Jacobs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virginia_Cecile_Blomer_Nordby&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virginia Cecile Blomer Nordby (page does not exist)">Virginia Cecile Blomer Nordby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Comstock_Riley" title="Dorothy Comstock Riley">Dorothy Comstock Riley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edith_Mays_Swanson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edith Mays Swanson (page does not exist)">Edith Mays Swanson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1992</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cora_Brown" title="Cora Brown">Cora Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Lou_Butcher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Lou Butcher (page does not exist)">Mary Lou Butcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Emma_Edmonds" title="Sarah Emma Edmonds">Sarah Emma Edmonds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violet_Temple_Lewis" class="mw-redirect" title="Violet Temple Lewis">Violet Temple Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luise_Ruth_Leismer_Mahon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luise Ruth Leismer Mahon (page does not exist)">Luise Ruth Leismer Mahon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilda_Radner" title="Gilda Radner">Gilda Radner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martha_Romayne_Seger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martha Romayne Seger (page does not exist)">Martha Romayne Seger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann_M._Shafer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ann M. Shafer (page does not exist)">Ann M. Shafer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_M._Stoesser" class="mw-redirect" title="Sylvia M. Stoesser">Sylvia M. Stoesser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Thurman" title="Lucy Thurman">Lucy Thurman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleszetta_Waddles" title="Charleszetta Waddles">Charleszetta Waddles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1993</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Vosburgh_Alvord" title="Edith Vosburgh Alvord">Edith Vosburgh Alvord</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Carter_Blackwell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catherine Carter Blackwell (page does not exist)">Catherine Carter Blackwell</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_W._Campbell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean W. Campbell (page does not exist)">Jean W. Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katherine_Hill_Campbell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katherine Hill Campbell (page does not exist)">Katherine Hill Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenna_F._Cooper" title="Lenna F. Cooper">Lenna Frances Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberta_A._Griffith" title="Roberta A. Griffith">Roberta A. Griffith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bina_West_Miller" title="Bina West Miller">Bina West Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Omelenchuk" title="Jeanne Omelenchuk">Jeanne Omelenchuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sippie_Wallace" title="Sippie Wallace">Sippie Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edna_Noble_White" title="Edna Noble White">Edna Noble White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Clark_Woodman" title="Irene Clark Woodman">Irene Clark Woodman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1994</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marie-Therese_Guyon_Cadillac" title="Marie-Therese Guyon Cadillac">Marie-Therese Guyon Cadillac</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Carlton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruth Carlton (page does not exist)">Ruth Carlton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flossie_Cohen" title="Flossie Cohen">Flossie Cohen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bertha_A._Daubendiek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bertha A. Daubendiek (page does not exist)">Bertha A. Daubendiek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genora_Johnson_Dollinger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Genora Johnson Dollinger (page does not exist)">Genora Johnson Dollinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_Hommel" title="Flora Hommel">Flora Hommel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Van_Hoosen_Jones" title="Sarah Van Hoosen Jones">Sarah Van Hoosen Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleda_E._Lutz" title="Aleda E. Lutz">Aleda E. Lutz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Walker_McAndrew" title="Helen Walker McAndrew">Helen Walker McAndrew</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1995</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yolanda_Alvarado-Ortega&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yolanda Alvarado-Ortega (page does not exist)">Yolanda Alvarado-Ortega</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irene_Auberlin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irene Auberlin (page does not exist)">Irene Auberlin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hilda_R._Gage&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hilda R. Gage (page does not exist)">Hilda R. Gage</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucia_Voorhees_Grimes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lucia Voorhees Grimes (page does not exist)">Lucia Voorhees Grimes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=R._Louise_Grooms&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="R. Louise Grooms (page does not exist)">R. Louise Grooms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odessa_Komer" title="Odessa Komer">Odessa Komer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Freele_Osborn" title="Laura Freele Osborn">Laura Freele Osborn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacquelin_E._Washington&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacquelin E. Washington (page does not exist)">Jacquelin E. Washington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1996</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carrie_Frazier_Rogers-Brown&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carrie Frazier Rogers-Brown (page does not exist)">Carrie Frazier Rogers-Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Clemenc" title="Anna Clemenc">Anna Clemenc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waunetta_McClellan_Dominic" title="Waunetta McClellan Dominic">Waunetta McClellan Dominic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Muth_Laurence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margaret Muth Laurence (page does not exist)">Margaret Muth Laurence</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudia_House_Morcom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claudia House Morcom (page does not exist)">Claudia House Morcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betsy_Graves_Reyneau" title="Betsy Graves Reyneau">Betsy Graves Reyneau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_E._Schwartz" title="Shirley E. Schwartz">Shirley E. Schwartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Luedders_Wolfe" title="Joan Luedders Wolfe">Joan Luedders Wolfe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1997</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Burstyn" title="Ellen Burstyn">Ellen Burstyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Corwell-Shertzer" title="Marion Corwell-Shertzer">Marion Corwell-Shertzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Sisters_of_Charity" title="Four Sisters of Charity">Four Sisters of Charity</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Della_McGraw_Goodwin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Della McGraw Goodwin (page does not exist)">Della McGraw Goodwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Hamilton" title="Alice Hamilton">Alice Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Harkness_Love" title="Nancy Harkness Love">Nancy Harkness Love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryann_Mahaffey" title="Maryann Mahaffey">Maryann Mahaffey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharon_Sutton" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharon Sutton">Sharon E. Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matilda_Dodge_Wilson" title="Matilda Dodge Wilson">Matilda Dodge Wilson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1998</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Connie_Binsfeld" title="Connie Binsfeld">Connie Binsfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hilda_Patricia_Curran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hilda Patricia Curran (page does not exist)">Hilda Patricia Curran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marie_Dye&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marie Dye (page does not exist)">Marie Dye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Josaitis" title="Eleanor Josaitis">Eleanor Josaitis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorrie_Ellen_Rosenblatt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dorrie Ellen Rosenblatt (page does not exist)">Dorrie Ellen Rosenblatt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ella_Merriman_Sharp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ella Merriman Sharp (page does not exist)">Ella Merriman Sharp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Jean_Steinberg" title="Martha Jean Steinberg">Martha Jean Steinberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Thompson" title="Ruth Thompson">Ruth Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lily_Tomlin" title="Lily Tomlin">Lily Tomlin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Beeman" title="Patricia Beeman">Patricia Beeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia_Brown" title="Olympia Brown">Olympia Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doris_DeDeckere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doris DeDeckere (page does not exist)">Doris DeDeckere</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Drake_Elliott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margaret Drake Elliott (page does not exist)">Margaret Drake Elliott</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Homer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elizabeth Homer (page does not exist)">Elizabeth Homer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleonore_Hutzel" title="Eleonore Hutzel">Eleonore Hutzel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Eaton_Kellogg" title="Ella Eaton Kellogg">Ella Eaton Kellogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Burton_Ketcham" title="Emily Burton Ketcham">Emily Burton Ketcham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardeth_Platte" title="Ardeth Platte">Ardeth Platte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2000s" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2000s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loney_Gordon" title="Loney Gordon">Loney Clinton Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katherine_G._Heideman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katherine G. Heideman (page does not exist)">Katherine G. Heideman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dauris_Gwendolyn_Jackson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dauris Gwendolyn Jackson (page does not exist)">Dauris Gwendolyn Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Groefsema_Kennedy" title="Cornelia Groefsema Kennedy">Cornelia Groefsema Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjorie_J._Lansing" class="mw-redirect" title="Marjorie J. Lansing">Marjorie J. Lansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuan-Pu_Lee" title="Chuan-Pu Lee">Chuan-Pu Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marilyn_Fisher_Lundy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marilyn Fisher Lundy (page does not exist)">Marilyn Fisher Lundy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharine_Dexter_McCormick" class="mw-redirect" title="Katharine Dexter McCormick">Katharine Dexter McCormick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_N._Straus" title="Kathleen N. Straus">Kathleen N. Straus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clarissa_M._Young&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clarissa M. Young (page does not exist)">Clarissa M. Young</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cora_Reynolds_Anderson" title="Cora Reynolds Anderson">Cora Reynolds Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucile_E._Belen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lucile E. Belen (page does not exist)">Lucile E. Belen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theresa_Maxis_Duchemin" title="Theresa Maxis Duchemin">Theresa Maxis Duchemin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aretha_Franklin" title="Aretha Franklin">Aretha Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francie_Kraker_Goodridge" title="Francie Kraker Goodridge">Francie Kraker Goodridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_Bayoff_Ilitch" class="mw-redirect" title="Marian Bayoff Ilitch">Marian Bayoff Ilitch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Ellen_Riordan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Ellen Riordan (page does not exist)">Mary Ellen Riordan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joesphine_Stern_Weiner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joesphine Stern Weiner (page does not exist)">Joesphine Stern Weiner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2002</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hortense_Canady" title="Hortense Canady">Hortense Golden Canady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Wheelock_Freeman" title="Julia Wheelock Freeman">Julia Wheelock Freeman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lillian_Mellen_Genser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lillian Mellen Genser (page does not exist)">Lillian Mellen Genser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_Stocking_Knaggs" title="May Stocking Knaggs">May Stocking Knaggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naomi_Long_Madgett" title="Naomi Long Madgett">Naomi Long Madgett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucille_H._McCollough" title="Lucille H. McCollough">Lucille Hanna McCollough</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lana_Pollack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lana Pollack (page does not exist)">Lana Pollack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Louise_Rayne" title="Martha Louise Rayne">Martha Louise Rayne</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Dorothy_Ross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muriel Dorothy Ross (page does not exist)">Muriel Dorothy Ross</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2003</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Agnes_Blair&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Agnes Blair (page does not exist)">Mary Agnes Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verne_Burbridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verne Burbridge (page does not exist)">Verne Burbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nellie_Cuellar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nellie Cuellar (page does not exist)">Nellie Cuellar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alice_Scanlan_Kocel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alice Scanlan Kocel (page does not exist)">Alice Scanlan Kocel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joyce_Lewis_Kornbluh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joyce Lewis Kornbluh (page does not exist)">Joyce Lewis Kornbluh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliza_Seaman_Leggett" title="Eliza Seaman Leggett">Eliza Seaman Leggett</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ida_Lippman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ida Lippman (page does not exist)">Ida Lippman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Weyant_Ruth" title="Marion Weyant Ruth">Marion Weyant Ruth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernice_Steadman" title="Bernice Steadman">Bernice Steadman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pamela_Withrow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pamela Withrow (page does not exist)">Pamela Withrow</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Zweifler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruth Zweifler (page does not exist)">Ruth Zweifler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2004</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geraldine_Bledsoe_Ford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geraldine Bledsoe Ford (page does not exist)">Geraldine Bledsoe Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Mulhern_Granholm" class="mw-redirect" title="Jennifer Mulhern Granholm">Jennifer Mulhern Granholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lystra_Gretter" title="Lystra Gretter">Lystra Gretter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Florine_Mark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Florine Mark (page does not exist)">Florine Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cathy_McClelland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cathy McClelland (page does not exist)">Cathy McClelland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constance_Mayfield_Rourke" class="mw-redirect" title="Constance Mayfield Rourke">Constance Mayfield Rourke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2005</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Chiara" title="Margaret Chiara">Margaret Chiara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_Lois_Evans" title="Eva Lois Evans">Eva Lois Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georgia_A._Lewis_Johnson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georgia A. Lewis Johnson (page does not exist)">Georgia A. Lewis Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lida_Holmes_Mattman" title="Lida Holmes Mattman">Lida Holmes Mattman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olivia_Maynard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olivia Maynard (page does not exist)">Olivia Maynard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Stabenow" title="Debbie Stabenow">Deborah Stabenow</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caroline_Thrun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caroline Thrun (page does not exist)">Caroline Thrun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Sellers_Walker" title="Margaret Sellers Walker">Margaret Sellers Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Weaver" title="Elizabeth Weaver">Elizabeth Weaver</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2006</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cynthia_Yao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cynthia Yao (page does not exist)">Cynthia Yao</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Esther_Daddazio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Esther Daddazio (page does not exist)">Mary Esther Daddazio</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margery_Feliksa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margery Feliksa (page does not exist)">Margery Feliksa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nancy_Hammond&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nancy Hammond (page does not exist)">Nancy Hammond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viola_Liuzzo" title="Viola Liuzzo">Viola Liuzzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marge_Piercy" title="Marge Piercy">Marge Piercy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dora_Hall_Stockman" title="Dora Hall Stockman">Dora Hall Stockman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Strickland_Clark" title="Martha Strickland Clark">Martha Strickland Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Hornbeck_Tanner" title="Helen Hornbeck Tanner">Helen Hornbeck Tanner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2007</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Brown_(Michigan_politician)" title="Mary Brown (Michigan politician)">Mary Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Buck" title="Gertrude Buck">Gertrude Buck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Cole" title="Emma Cole">Emma Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haifa_Fakhouri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haifa Fakhouri (page does not exist)">Haifa Fakhouri</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolyn_Geisel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carolyn Geisel (page does not exist)">Carolyn Geisel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Briggs_Hart" title="Jane Briggs Hart">Jane Briggs Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abigail_Rogers" title="Abigail Rogers">Abigail Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kathleen_Wilbur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kathleen Wilbur (page does not exist)">Kathleen Wilbur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Woman%27s_Hospital_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Woman's Hospital Association (page does not exist)">Woman's Hospital Association</a> (charter members)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2008</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_Atkins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carol Atkins (page does not exist)">Carol Atkins</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patricia_Cuza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patricia Cuza (page does not exist)">Patricia Cuza</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_King_(Michigan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carol King (Michigan) (page does not exist)">Carol King</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vicki_Neiberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vicki Neiberg (page does not exist)">Vicki Neiberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Johnston_Schoolcraft" title="Jane Johnston Schoolcraft">Jane Johnston Schoolcraft</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leta_Snow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leta Snow (page does not exist)">Leta Snow</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sister_Mary_Francilene_Van_de_Vyver&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sister Mary Francilene Van de Vyver (page does not exist)">Sister Mary Francilene Van de Vyver</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2009</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_Atkins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carol Atkins (page does not exist)">Carol Atkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Lee_Boggs" title="Grace Lee Boggs">Grace Lee Boggs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Chandler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margaret Chandler (page does not exist)">Margaret Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Ellis_(activist)" title="Ruth Ellis (activist)">Ruth Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edna_Ferber" title="Edna Ferber">Edna Ferber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenda_Lappan" title="Glenda Lappan">Glenda Lappan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kay_Givens_McGowan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kay Givens McGowan (page does not exist)">Kay Givens McGowan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Phillips_(educator)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elizabeth Phillips (educator) (page does not exist)">Elizabeth Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Rickert" title="Jessica Rickert">Jessica Rickert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Tableman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Betty Tableman (page does not exist)">Betty Tableman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlo_Thomas" title="Marlo Thomas">Marlo Thomas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2010s" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2010s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Aikey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Aikey (page does not exist)">Mary Aikey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laura_Carter_Callow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laura Carter Callow (page does not exist)">Laura Carter Callow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augusta_Jane_Chapin" title="Augusta Jane Chapin">Augusta Jane Chapin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sandra_Laser_Draggoo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sandra Laser Draggoo (page does not exist)">Sandra Laser Draggoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Etheridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Annie Etheridge">Annie Etheridge</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sherrill_Freeborough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sherrill Freeborough (page does not exist)">Sherrill Freeborough</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorean_Marguerite_Hurley_Koenig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dorean Marguerite Hurley Koenig (page does not exist)">Dorean Marguerite Hurley Koenig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_McMillan" title="Terry McMillan">Terry McMillan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Munger" title="Edith Munger">Edith Munger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cynthia_J._Pasky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cynthia J. Pasky (page does not exist)">Cynthia J. Pasky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2011</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lois_A._Bader&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lois A. Bader (page does not exist)">Lois A. Bader</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jumana_Judeh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jumana Judeh (page does not exist)">Jumana Judeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Jean_Kelly" title="Marilyn Jean Kelly">Marilyn Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valeria_Lipczynski" title="Valeria Lipczynski">Valeria Lipczynski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edelmira_Lopez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edelmira Lopez (page does not exist)">Edelmira Lopez</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kary_Moss&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kary Moss (page does not exist)">Kary Moss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Mary_Robinson" title="Rose Mary Robinson">Rose Mary Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricia_Saunders" title="Tricia Saunders">Tricia Saunders</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2012</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gladys_Beckwith" title="Gladys Beckwith">Gladys Beckwith</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patricia_Caruso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patricia Caruso (page does not exist)">Patricia Caruso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Jane_Dockeray" title="Mary Jane Dockeray">Mary Jane Dockeray</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judith_Karandjeff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judith Karandjeff (page does not exist)">Judith Karandjeff</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Les_Meres_et_Debutantes_Club_of_Greater_Lansing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Les Meres et Debutantes Club of Greater Lansing (page does not exist)">Les Meres et Debutantes Club of Greater Lansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serena_Williams" title="Serena Williams">Serena Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Anna_Ballard" title="L. Anna Ballard">L. Anna Ballard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_McCall_Hamilton" title="Eva McCall Hamilton">Eva McCall Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_E._McCoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary E. McCoy">Mary E. McCoy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2013</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_W._Bauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elizabeth W. Bauer (page does not exist)">Elizabeth W. Bauer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judith_Levin_Cantor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judith Levin Cantor (page does not exist)">Judith Levin Cantor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paula_Cunningham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paula Cunningham (page does not exist)">Paula Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joan_Jackson_Johnson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joan Jackson Johnson (page does not exist)">Joan Jackson Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladys_McKenney&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gladys McKenney (page does not exist)">Gladys McKenney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_von_Neumann_Whitman" title="Marina von Neumann Whitman">Marina von Neumann Whitman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Con-Con_Eleven" title="Con-Con Eleven">Con-Con Eleven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Eaglesfield" title="Elizabeth Eaglesfield">Elizabeth Eaglesfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Quimby" title="Harriet Quimby">Harriet Quimby</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2014</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Lehman_Belen" title="Elizabeth Lehman Belen">Elizabeth Lehman Belen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MaryLee_Davis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MaryLee Davis (page does not exist)">MaryLee Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Findlater" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeanne Findlater">Jeanne Findlater</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorothy_A._Johnson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dorothy A. Johnson (page does not exist)">Dorothy A. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Krone" title="Julie Krone">Julie Krone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Carmelita_Manning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Carmelita Manning (page does not exist)">Mary Carmelita Manning</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Roberts_Mason&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Roberts Mason (page does not exist)">Barbara Roberts Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marylou_Olivarez_Mason" title="Marylou Olivarez Mason">Marylou Olivarez Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andra_M._Rush&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andra M. Rush (page does not exist)">Andra M. Rush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ellen_Sheets" title="Mary Ellen Sheets">Mary Ellen Sheets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucille_Farrier_Stickel" title="Lucille Farrier Stickel">Lucille Farrier Stickel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2015</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jocelyn_Benson" title="Jocelyn Benson">Jocelyn Benson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxine_Berman" title="Maxine Berman">Maxine Berman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sue_Carter_(Michigan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sue Carter (Michigan) (page does not exist)">Sue Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janet_C._Cooper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Janet C. Cooper (page does not exist)">Janet C. Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mabel_White_Holmes" title="Mabel White Holmes">Mabel White Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candice_Miller" title="Candice Miller">Candice Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esther_K._Shapiro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esther K. Shapiro (page does not exist)">Esther K. Shapiro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maggie_Walz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maggie Walz (page does not exist)">Maggie Walz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myra_Wolfgang" title="Myra Wolfgang">Myra Wolfgang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linda_M._Woods&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linda M. Woods (page does not exist)">Linda M. Woods</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2016</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Sparks_Adams" title="Elizabeth Sparks Adams">Elizabeth Sparks Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anan_Ameri" title="Anan Ameri">Anan Ameri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daisy_Elliott" title="Daisy Elliott">Daisy Elliott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_Fowler" title="Faith Fowler">Faith Fowler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evelyn_Golden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evelyn Golden (page does not exist)">Evelyn Golden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olivia_Letts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olivia Letts (page does not exist)">Olivia Letts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Free_Bed_Guild" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Free Bed Guild">Mary Free Bed Guild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Ross" title="Diana Ross">Diana Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Anna_Kimsey_Simon" class="mw-redirect" title="Lou Anna Kimsey Simon">Lou Anna Kimsey Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charlotte_Wilson_(artist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charlotte Wilson (artist) (page does not exist)">Charlotte Wilson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2017</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Legion_NUWARINE_Post_535&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Legion NUWARINE Post 535 (page does not exist)">American Legion NUWARINE Post 535</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Mae_Backus" title="Ella Mae Backus">Ella Mae Backus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Bryant_Ford" title="Clara Bryant Ford">Clara Bryant Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisette_Denison_Forth" title="Lisette Denison Forth">Lisette Denison Forth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Kay_Henry" title="Mary Kay Henry">Mary Kay Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verna_Grahek_Mize" title="Verna Grahek Mize">Verna Grahek Mize</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernice_Morton_(Michigan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernice Morton (Michigan) (page does not exist)">Bernice Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosie_the_Riveter" title="Rosie the Riveter">Rosie the Riveter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosemary_C._Sarri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rosemary C. Sarri (page does not exist)">Rosemary C. Sarri</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Wetzel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elizabeth Wetzel (page does not exist)">Elizabeth Wetzel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2018</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agatha_Biddle" title="Agatha Biddle">Agatha Biddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mona_Hanna-Attisha" class="mw-redirect" title="Mona Hanna-Attisha">Mona Hanna-Attisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Stanton_Jones" title="Clara Stanton Jones">Clara Stanton Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_K._Wilson" title="Angela K. Wilson">Angela K. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kym_L._Worthy" class="mw-redirect" title="Kym L. Worthy">Kym L. Worthy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2019</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Kirchner_Stevenson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margaret Kirchner Stevenson (page does not exist)">Margaret Kirchner Stevenson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucile_A._Watts" title="Lucile A. Watts">Lucile A. Watts</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martha_Baldwin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martha Baldwin (page does not exist)">Martha Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilda_Z._Jacobs" class="mw-redirect" title="Gilda Z. Jacobs">Gilda Z. Jacobs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vernice_Davis_Anthony&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vernice Davis Anthony (page does not exist)">Vernice Davis Anthony</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Terry_Blackhawk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terry Blackhawk (page does not exist)">Terry Blackhawk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2020s" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2020s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Najah_Bazzy" title="Najah Bazzy">Najah Bazzy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Jackson_(Michigan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elizabeth Jackson (Michigan) (page does not exist)">Elizabeth Jackson (Michigan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenda_Price" title="Glenda Price">Glenda Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Teichner" title="Martha Teichner">Martha Teichner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atlas_Ruth_Westbrook&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atlas Ruth Westbrook (page does not exist)">Atlas Ruth Westbrook</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorothy_Zehnder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dorothy Zehnder (page does not exist)">Dorothy Zehnder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2021</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rosalind_Brewer" title="Rosalind Brewer">Rosalind Brewer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Debra_White-Hunt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Debra White-Hunt (page does not exist)">Debra White-Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lila_Neuenfelt" title="Lila Neuenfelt">Lila Neuenfelt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fannie_B._Peck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fannie B. Peck (page does not exist)">Fannie B. Peck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Elizabeth_Ray" title="Sarah Elizabeth Ray">Sarah Elizabeth Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diana_Sieger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diana Sieger (page does not exist)">Diana Sieger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2022</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esther_Gordy_Edwards" title="Esther Gordy Edwards">Esther Gordy Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Hutchins" title="Carol Hutchins">Carol Hutchins</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Kramer_(Michigan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Kramer (Michigan) (page does not exist)">Mary Kramer (Michigan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Locke_Petermann" title="Mary Locke Petermann">Mary Locke Petermann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danielle_Camille_Woods&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Danielle Camille Woods (page does not exist)">Danielle Camille Woods</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2023</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gretchen_Whitmer" title="Gretchen Whitmer">Gretchen Whitmer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denise_Langford_Morris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Denise Langford Morris (page does not exist)">Denise Langford Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Rossman_McKinney&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kelly Rossman McKinney (page does not exist)">Kelly Rossman McKinney</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traverse_City_Ladies_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Traverse City Ladies Association (page does not exist)">Traverse City Ladies Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Inductees_to_the_National_Women&#039;s_Hall_of_Fame" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:National Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:National Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Inductees_to_the_National_Women&#039;s_Hall_of_Fame" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Inductees to the <a href="/wiki/National_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Women's Hall of Fame">National Women's Hall of Fame</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1970–1979" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1970–1979</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1973</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Addams" title="Jane Addams">Jane Addams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_Anderson" title="Marian Anderson">Marian Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_B._Anthony" title="Susan B. Anthony">Susan B. Anthony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Barton" title="Clara Barton">Clara Barton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_McLeod_Bethune" title="Mary McLeod Bethune">Mary McLeod Bethune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackwell" title="Elizabeth Blackwell">Elizabeth Blackwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_S._Buck" title="Pearl S. Buck">Pearl S. Buck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Carson" title="Rachel Carson">Rachel Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Cassatt" title="Mary Cassatt">Mary Cassatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Dickinson" title="Emily Dickinson">Emily Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amelia_Earhart" title="Amelia Earhart">Amelia Earhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Hamilton" title="Alice Hamilton">Alice Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Hayes" title="Helen Hayes">Helen Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Keller" title="Helen Keller">Helen Keller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_R._Sabin" title="Florence R. Sabin">Florence Sabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Chase_Smith" title="Margaret Chase Smith">Margaret Chase Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Cady_Stanton" title="Elizabeth Cady Stanton">Elizabeth Cady Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_B._Taussig" title="Helen B. Taussig">Helen Brooke Taussig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Tubman" title="Harriet Tubman">Harriet Tubman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abigail_Adams" title="Abigail Adams">Abigail Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Mead" title="Margaret Mead">Margaret Mead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babe_Didrikson_Zaharias" title="Babe Didrikson Zaharias">Mildred "Babe" Didrikson Zaharias</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1979</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorothea_Dix" title="Dorothea Dix">Dorothea Dix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliette_Gordon_Low" title="Juliette Gordon Low">Juliette Gordon Low</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Paul" title="Alice Paul">Alice Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Ann_Seton" title="Elizabeth Ann Seton">Elizabeth Bayley Seton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1980–1989" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1980–1989</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1981</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Sanger" title="Margaret Sanger">Margaret Sanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sojourner_Truth" title="Sojourner Truth">Sojourner Truth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1982</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carrie_Chapman_Catt" title="Carrie Chapman Catt">Carrie Chapman Catt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Perkins" title="Frances Perkins">Frances Perkins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1983</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belva_Ann_Lockwood" title="Belva Ann Lockwood">Belva Lockwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucretia_Mott" title="Lucretia Mott">Lucretia Mott</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1984</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Jones" title="Mother Jones">Mary "Mother" Harris Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Smith" title="Bessie Smith">Bessie Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1986</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_McClintock" title="Barbara McClintock">Barbara McClintock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Stone" title="Lucy Stone">Lucy Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Beecher_Stowe" title="Harriet Beecher Stowe">Harriet Beecher Stowe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1988</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gwendolyn_Brooks" title="Gwendolyn Brooks">Gwendolyn Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willa_Cather" title="Willa Cather">Willa Cather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sally_Ride" title="Sally Ride">Sally Ride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Risteau" title="Mary Risteau">Mary Risteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida_B._Wells" title="Ida B. Wells">Ida B. Wells-Barnett</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1990–1999" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1990–1999</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Bourke-White" title="Margaret Bourke-White">Margaret Bourke-White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Jordan" title="Barbara Jordan">Barbara Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billie_Jean_King" title="Billie Jean King">Billie Jean King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_B._Seibert" title="Florence B. Seibert">Florence B. Seibert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1991</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_B._Elion" title="Gertrude B. Elion">Gertrude Belle Elion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1993</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethel_Percy_Andrus" title="Ethel Percy Andrus">Ethel Percy Andrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoinette_Brown_Blackwell" title="Antoinette Brown Blackwell">Antoinette Blackwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Blackwell" title="Emily Blackwell">Emily Blackwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Chisholm" title="Shirley Chisholm">Shirley Chisholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Cochran" title="Jacqueline Cochran">Jacqueline Cochran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Johnson_Colvin" title="Ruth Johnson Colvin">Ruth Colvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_Wright_Edelman" title="Marian Wright Edelman">Marian Wright Edelman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Catherine_Evans" title="Alice Catherine Evans">Alice Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Friedan" title="Betty Friedan">Betty Friedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Grasso" title="Ella Grasso">Ella Grasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Griffiths" title="Martha Griffiths">Martha Wright Griffiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fannie_Lou_Hamer" title="Fannie Lou Hamer">Fannie Lou Hamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Height" title="Dorothy Height">Dorothy Height</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolores_Huerta" title="Dolores Huerta">Dolores Huerta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Putnam_Jacobi" title="Mary Putnam Jacobi">Mary Putnam Jacobi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mae_Jemison" title="Mae Jemison">Mae Jemison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Lyon" title="Mary Lyon">Mary Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Eliza_Mahoney" title="Mary Eliza Mahoney">Mary Mahoney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilma_Mankiller" title="Wilma Mankiller">Wilma Mankiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constance_Baker_Motley" title="Constance Baker Motley">Constance Baker Motley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_O%27Keeffe" title="Georgia O'Keeffe">Georgia O'Keeffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Oakley" title="Annie Oakley">Annie Oakley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks">Rosa Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esther_Peterson" title="Esther Peterson">Esther Peterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeannette_Rankin" title="Jeannette Rankin">Jeannette Rankin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Swallow_Richards" title="Ellen Swallow Richards">Ellen Swallow Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Roulet" title="Elaine Roulet">Elaine Roulet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Siva_Saubel" title="Katherine Siva Saubel">Katherine Siva Saubel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Steinem" title="Gloria Steinem">Gloria Steinem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Stephens" title="Helen Stephens">Helen Stephens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Wald" title="Lillian Wald">Lillian Wald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madam_C._J._Walker" title="Madam C. J. Walker">Madam C. J. Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faye_Wattleton" title="Faye Wattleton">Faye Wattleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_Sussman_Yalow" title="Rosalyn Sussman Yalow">Rosalyn S. Yalow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Yerkovich" title="Gloria Yerkovich">Gloria Yerkovich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1994</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bella_Abzug" title="Bella Abzug">Bella Abzug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Baker" title="Ella Baker">Ella Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myra_Bradwell" title="Myra Bradwell">Myra Bradwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Jump_Cannon" title="Annie Jump Cannon">Annie Jump Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Cunningham_Croly" title="Jane Cunningham Croly">Jane Cunningham Croly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Shipe_East" title="Catherine Shipe East">Catherine East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Ferraro" title="Geraldine Ferraro">Geraldine Ferraro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Perkins_Gilman" title="Charlotte Perkins Gilman">Charlotte Perkins Gilman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Hopper" title="Grace Hopper">Grace Hopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_LaKelly_Hunt" title="Helen LaKelly Hunt">Helen LaKelly Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zora_Neale_Hurston" title="Zora Neale Hurston">Zora Neale Hurston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Hutchinson" title="Anne Hutchinson">Anne Hutchinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Wisebart_Jacobs" title="Frances Wisebart Jacobs">Frances Wisebart Jacobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susette_La_Flesche" title="Susette La Flesche">Susette La Flesche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_McManus" title="Louise McManus">Louise McManus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Mitchell" title="Maria Mitchell">Maria Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonia_Novello" title="Antonia Novello">Antonia Novello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Richards" title="Linda Richards">Linda Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph">Wilma Rudolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Bone_Schiess" title="Betty Bone Schiess">Betty Bone Schiess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muriel_Siebert" title="Muriel Siebert">Muriel Siebert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nettie_Stevens" title="Nettie Stevens">Nettie Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Winnemucca" title="Sarah Winnemucca">Sarah Winnemucca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Wright" title="Frances Wright">Fanny Wright</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1995</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Apgar" title="Virginia Apgar">Virginia Apgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Bancroft" title="Ann Bancroft">Ann Bancroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amelia_Bloomer" title="Amelia Bloomer">Amelia Bloomer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Carson_Breckinridge" title="Mary Carson Breckinridge">Mary Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileen_Collins" title="Eileen Collins">Eileen Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Dole" title="Elizabeth Dole">Elizabeth Hanford Dole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Dallas_Dudley" title="Anne Dallas Dudley">Anne Dallas Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Baker_Eddy" title="Mary Baker Eddy">Mary Baker Eddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Fitzgerald" title="Ella Fitzgerald">Ella Fitzgerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Fuller" title="Margaret Fuller">Margaret Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matilda_Joslyn_Gage" title="Matilda Joslyn Gage">Matilda Joslyn Gage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Moller_Gilbreth" title="Lillian Moller Gilbreth">Lillian Moller Gilbreth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nannerl_O._Keohane" title="Nannerl O. Keohane">Nannerl O. Keohane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Kuhn" title="Maggie Kuhn">Maggie Kuhn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Day_O%27Connor" title="Sandra Day O'Connor">Sandra Day O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephine_St._Pierre_Ruffin" title="Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin">Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Schroeder" title="Pat Schroeder">Pat Schroeder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_G._Solomon" title="Hannah G. Solomon">Hannah Greenebaum Solomon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1996</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louisa_May_Alcott" title="Louisa May Alcott">Louisa May Alcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Bunch" title="Charlotte Bunch">Charlotte Anne Bunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Xavier_Cabrini" title="Frances Xavier Cabrini">Frances Xavier Cabrini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Hallaren" title="Mary Hallaren">Mary A. Hallaren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oveta_Culp_Hobby" title="Oveta Culp Hobby">Oveta Culp Hobby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelmina_Holladay" title="Wilhelmina Holladay">Wilhelmina Cole Holladay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Morrow_Lindbergh" title="Anne Morrow Lindbergh">Anne Morrow Lindbergh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Goeppert_Mayer" title="Maria Goeppert Mayer">Maria Goeppert Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernestine_Rose" title="Ernestine Rose">Ernestine Louise Potowski Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Tallchief" title="Maria Tallchief">Maria Tallchief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Wharton" title="Edith Wharton">Edith Wharton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1998</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_Albright" title="Madeleine Albright">Madeleine Albright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_Angelou" title="Maya Angelou">Maya Angelou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellie_Bly" title="Nellie Bly">Nellie Bly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydia_Moss_Bradley" title="Lydia Moss Bradley">Lydia Moss Bradley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Calderone" title="Mary Calderone">Mary Steichen Calderone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ann_Shadd" title="Mary Ann Shadd">Mary Ann Shadd Cary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Ganz_Cooney" title="Joan Ganz Cooney">Joan Ganz Cooney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerty_Cori" title="Gerty Cori">Gerty Cori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Moore_Grimk%C3%A9" title="Sarah Moore Grimké">Sarah Grimké</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Ward_Howe" title="Julia Ward Howe">Julia Ward Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Shirley Ann Jackson">Shirley Ann Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shannon_Lucid" title="Shannon Lucid">Shannon Lucid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharine_McCormick" title="Katharine McCormick">Katharine Dexter McCormick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rozanne_L._Ridgway" title="Rozanne L. Ridgway">Rozanne L. Ridgway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Nourse_Rogers" title="Edith Nourse Rogers">Edith Nourse Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felice_Schwartz" title="Felice Schwartz">Felice Schwartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver" title="Eunice Kennedy Shriver">Eunice Kennedy Shriver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Sills" title="Beverly Sills">Beverly Sills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Wald" title="Florence Wald">Florence Wald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelina_Grimk%C3%A9" title="Angelina Grimké">Angelina Grimké Weld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chien-Shiung_Wu" title="Chien-Shiung Wu">Chien-Shiung Wu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2000–2009" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2000–2009</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faye_Glenn_Abdellah" title="Faye Glenn Abdellah">Faye Glenn Abdellah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Smith_DeVoe" title="Emma Smith DeVoe">Emma Smith DeVoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjory_Stoneman_Douglas" title="Marjory Stoneman Douglas">Marjory Stoneman Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Dyer" title="Mary Dyer">Mary Dyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Earle" title="Sylvia Earle">Sylvia A. Earle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Eastman" title="Crystal Eastman">Crystal Eastman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_M._Holm" title="Jeanne M. Holm">Jeanne Holm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leontine_T._Kelly" title="Leontine T. Kelly">Leontine T. Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Oldham_Kelsey" title="Frances Oldham Kelsey">Frances Oldham Kelsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Mullany" title="Kate Mullany">Kate Mullany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Reno" title="Janet Reno">Janet Reno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Howard_Shaw" title="Anna Howard Shaw">Anna Howard Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophia_Smith_(Smith_College)" title="Sophia Smith (Smith College)">Sophia Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida_Tarbell" title="Ida Tarbell">Ida Tarbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilma_Vaught" title="Wilma Vaught">Wilma L. Vaught</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Edwards_Walker" title="Mary Edwards Walker">Mary Edwards Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Dodge_Wauneka" title="Annie Dodge Wauneka">Annie Dodge Wauneka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudora_Welty" title="Eudora Welty">Eudora Welty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Willard" title="Frances Willard">Frances E. Willard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Hansine_Andersen" title="Dorothy Hansine Andersen">Dorothy H. Andersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball">Lucille Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosalynn_Carter" title="Rosalynn Carter">Rosalynn Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydia_Maria_Child" title="Lydia Maria Child">Lydia Maria Child</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Coleman" title="Bessie Coleman">Bessie Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Day" title="Dorothy Day">Dorothy Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_de_Forest" title="Marian de Forest">Marian de Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Althea_Gibson" title="Althea Gibson">Althea Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrice_Hicks" title="Beatrice Hicks">Beatrice A. Hicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Holdridge" title="Barbara Holdridge">Barbara Holdridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Williams_Russell_Strong" title="Harriet Williams Russell Strong">Harriet Williams Russell Strong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Howell_Warner" title="Emily Howell Warner">Emily Howell Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Woodhull" title="Victoria Woodhull">Victoria Woodhull</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2002</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paulina_Kellogg_Wright_Davis" class="mw-redirect" title="Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis">Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" title="Ruth Bader Ginsburg">Ruth Bader Ginsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharine_Graham" title="Katharine Graham">Katharine Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertha_Holt" title="Bertha Holt">Bertha Holt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Engle_Pennington" title="Mary Engle Pennington">Mary Engle Pennington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercy_Otis_Warren" title="Mercy Otis Warren">Mercy Otis Warren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2003</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linda_G._Alvarado" title="Linda G. Alvarado">Linda G. Alvarado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_de_Varona" title="Donna de Varona">Donna de Varona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Ederle" title="Gertrude Ederle">Gertrude Ederle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Matilda_Harper" title="Martha Matilda Harper">Martha Matilda Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Roberts_Harris" title="Patricia Roberts Harris">Patricia Roberts Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Kwolek" title="Stephanie Kwolek">Stephanie L. Kwolek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothea_Lange" title="Dorothea Lange">Dorothea Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Robbins_Leet" title="Mildred Robbins Leet">Mildred Robbins Leet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patsy_Mink" title="Patsy Mink">Patsy Takemoto Mink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacagawea" title="Sacagawea">Sacagawea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Sullivan" title="Anne Sullivan">Anne Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Widnall" title="Sheila Widnall">Sheila E. Widnall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2005</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Florence_E._Allen" title="Florence E. Allen">Florence E. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Benedict" title="Ruth Benedict">Ruth Fulton Benedict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Bumpers" title="Betty Bumpers">Betty Bumpers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_R._Colwell" title="Rita R. Colwell">Rita Rossi Colwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Cope" title="Marianne Cope">Mother Marianne Cope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_Lin" title="Maya Lin">Maya Y. Lin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Locke" title="Patricia Locke">Patricia A. Locke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanche_Scott" class="mw-redirect" title="Blanche Scott">Blanche Stuart Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Burnett_Talbert" title="Mary Burnett Talbert">Mary Burnett Talbert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2007</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_K._Baum" title="Eleanor K. Baum">Eleanor K. Baum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Child" title="Julia Child">Julia Child</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Coffin_Wright" title="Martha Coffin Wright">Martha Coffin Pelham Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swanee_Hunt" title="Swanee Hunt">Swanee Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winona_LaDuke" title="Winona LaDuke">Winona LaDuke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_K%C3%BCbler-Ross" title="Elisabeth Kübler-Ross">Elisabeth Kübler-Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Pipher" title="Judith Pipher">Judith L. Pipher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Filene_Shouse" title="Catherine Filene Shouse">Catherine Filene Shouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Szold" title="Henrietta Szold">Henrietta Szold</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2009</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Bourgeois" title="Louise Bourgeois">Louise Bourgeois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Cohn" title="Mildred Cohn">Mildred Cohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_DeCrow" title="Karen DeCrow">Karen DeCrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Kelly-Dreiss" title="Susan Kelly-Dreiss">Susan Kelly-Dreiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allie_B._Latimer" title="Allie B. Latimer">Allie B. Latimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Lazarus" title="Emma Lazarus">Emma Lazarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Patrick" title="Ruth Patrick">Ruth Patrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Talbot_Perkins" title="Rebecca Talbot Perkins">Rebecca Talbot Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Solomon" title="Susan Solomon">Susan Solomon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Stoneman" title="Kate Stoneman">Kate Stoneman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2010–2019" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2010–2019</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2011</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katharine_Drexel" title="Katharine Drexel">St. Katharine Drexel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Harrison_Eustis" title="Dorothy Harrison Eustis">Dorothy Harrison Eustis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loretta_Ford" title="Loretta Ford">Loretta C. Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abby_Kelley_Foster" title="Abby Kelley Foster">Abby Kelley Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Murray_Free" title="Helen Murray Free">Helen Murray Free</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billie_Holiday" title="Billie Holiday">Billie Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coretta_Scott_King" title="Coretta Scott King">Coretta Scott King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilly_Ledbetter" title="Lilly Ledbetter">Lilly Ledbetter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">Barbara A. Mikulski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_Shalala" title="Donna Shalala">Donna E. Shalala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathrine_Switzer" title="Kathrine Switzer">Kathrine Switzer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2013</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Betty Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ina_May_Gaskin" title="Ina May Gaskin">Ina May Gaskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Krone" title="Julie Krone">Julie Krone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Millett" title="Kate Millett">Kate Millett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Joseph_Rogers" title="Mary Joseph Rogers">Mary Joseph Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernice_Sandler" title="Bernice Sandler">Bernice Sandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Schwartz" title="Anna Schwartz">Anna Schwartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Willard" title="Emma Willard">Emma Willard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2015</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tenley_Albright" title="Tenley Albright">Tenley Albright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Brinker" title="Nancy Brinker">Nancy Brinker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Graham" title="Martha Graham">Martha Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcia_Greenberger" title="Marcia Greenberger">Marcia Greenberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Iglewski" title="Barbara Iglewski">Barbara Iglewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Kilbourne" title="Jean Kilbourne">Jean Kilbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlotta_Walls_LaNier" title="Carlotta Walls LaNier">Carlotta Walls LaNier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippa_Marrack" title="Philippa Marrack">Philippa Marrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Harriman_Rumsey" title="Mary Harriman Rumsey">Mary Harriman Rumsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Smeal" title="Eleanor Smeal">Eleanor Smeal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2017</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matilda_Cuomo" title="Matilda Cuomo">Matilda Cuomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Grandin" title="Temple Grandin">Temple Grandin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorraine_Hansberry" title="Lorraine Hansberry">Lorraine Hansberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Jackson_(entrepreneur)" title="Victoria Jackson (entrepreneur)">Victoria Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherry_Lansing" title="Sherry Lansing">Sherry Lansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_Boothe_Luce" title="Clare Boothe Luce">Clare Boothe Luce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aimee_Mullins" title="Aimee Mullins">Aimee Mullins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Mutter" title="Carol Mutter">Carol Mutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Rowley" title="Janet Rowley">Janet Rowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Waters" title="Alice Waters">Alice Waters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2019</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Allred" title="Gloria Allred">Gloria Allred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Davis" title="Angela Davis">Angela Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Deer" title="Sarah Deer">Sarah Deer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Malachowski" title="Nicole Malachowski">Nicole Malachowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_O%27Neill" title="Rose O'Neill">Rose O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Slaughter" title="Louise Slaughter">Louise Slaughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurie_Spiegel" title="Laurie Spiegel">Laurie Spiegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flossie_Wong-Staal" title="Flossie Wong-Staal">Flossie Wong-Staal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2020–2029" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2020–2029</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aretha_Franklin" title="Aretha Franklin">Aretha Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Hillary_(adventurer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbara Hillary (adventurer)">Barbara Hillary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Rose_Johns" title="Barbara Rose Johns">Barbara Rose Johns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Lacks" title="Henrietta Lacks">Henrietta Lacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toni_Morrison" title="Toni Morrison">Toni Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Church_Terrell" title="Mary Church Terrell">Mary Church Terrell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2022</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Octavia_E._Butler" title="Octavia E. Butler">Octavia E. Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Chicago" title="Judy Chicago">Judy Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_S._Halstead" title="Rebecca S. Halstead">Rebecca S. Halstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mia_Hamm" title="Mia Hamm">Mia Hamm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joy_Harjo" title="Joy Harjo">Joy Harjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Howland" title="Emily Howland">Emily Howland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Johnson" title="Katherine Johnson">Katherine Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indra_Nooyi" title="Indra Nooyi">Indra Nooyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Obama" title="Michelle Obama">Michelle Obama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2024</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Bath" title="Patricia Bath">Patricia Bath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Bridges" title="Ruby Bridges">Ruby Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elouise_P._Cobell" title="Elouise P. Cobell">Elouise P. 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