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Oppervlaktespanning - Wikipedia

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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&amp;returnto=Oppervlaktespanning" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&amp;returnto=Oppervlaktespanning" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&amp;returnto=Oppervlaktespanning" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina&#039;s voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Grensvlakenergie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grensvlakenergie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Grensvlakenergie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Grensvlakenergie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formules" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formules"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Formules</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formules-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oppervlaktespanning_van_enkele_vloeistoffen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oppervlaktespanning_van_enkele_vloeistoffen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Oppervlaktespanning van enkele vloeistoffen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oppervlaktespanning_van_enkele_vloeistoffen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zie_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zie_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Zie ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zie_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referenties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Oppervlaktespanning</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 66 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-66" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">66 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%AD%D9%8A" title="توتر سطحي – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="توتر سطحي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensi%C3%B3n_superficial" title="Tensión superficial – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Tensión superficial" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8F%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Паверхневае нацяжэнне – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Паверхневае нацяжэнне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Повърхностно напрежение – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Повърхностно напрежение" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="পৃষ্ঠটান – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পৃষ্ঠটান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Povr%C5%A1inski_napon" title="Površinski napon – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Površinski napon" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensi%C3%B3_superficial" title="Tensió superficial – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tensió superficial" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Povrchov%C3%A9_nap%C4%9Bt%C3%AD" title="Povrchové napětí – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Povrchové napětí" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%C4%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%C4%95" title="Çийел карăнавĕ – Tsjoevasjisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çийел карăнавĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overfladesp%C3%A6nding" title="Overfladespænding – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Overfladespænding" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oberfl%C3%A4chenspannung" title="Oberflächenspannung – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Oberflächenspannung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Επιφανειακή τάση – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Επιφανειακή τάση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_tension" title="Surface tension – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Surface tension" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surfaca_tensio" title="Surfaca tensio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Surfaca tensio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensi%C3%B3n_superficial" title="Tensión superficial – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tensión superficial" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindpinevus" title="Pindpinevus – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pindpinevus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gainazal-tentsio" title="Gainazal-tentsio – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gainazal-tentsio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B4%D8%B4_%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%AD%DB%8C" title="کشش سطحی – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کشش سطحی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pintaj%C3%A4nnitys" title="Pintajännitys – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pintajännitys" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tension_superficielle" title="Tension superficielle – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tension superficielle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teannas_dromchla" title="Teannas dromchla – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Teannas dromchla" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensi%C3%B3n_superficial" title="Tensión superficial – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tensión superficial" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D" title="מתח פנים – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מתח פנים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A0_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5" title="पृष्ठ तनाव – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पृष्ठ तनाव" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Povr%C5%A1inska_napetost" title="Površinska napetost – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Površinska napetost" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tansyon_sifas" title="Tansyon sifas – Haïtiaans Creools" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Tansyon sifas" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans Creools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fel%C3%BCleti_fesz%C3%BClts%C3%A9g" title="Felületi feszültség – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Felületi feszültség" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tegangan_permukaan" title="Tegangan permukaan – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tegangan permukaan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensione_superficiale" title="Tensione superficiale – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tensione superficiale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E5%BC%B5%E5%8A%9B" title="表面張力 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="表面張力" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%83" title="Беттік керілу – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Беттік керілу" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%88_%E0%B2%8E%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A4" title="ಮೇಲ್ಮೈ ಎಳೆತ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮೇಲ್ಮೈ ಎಳೆತ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%91%9C%EB%A9%B4%EC%9E%A5%EB%A0%A5" title="표면장력 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="표면장력" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavir%C5%A1iaus_%C4%AFtemptis" title="Paviršiaus įtemptis – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Paviršiaus įtemptis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virsmas_spraigums" title="Virsmas spraigums – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Virsmas spraigums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Површински напон – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Површински напон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82" title="പ്രതലബലം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പ്രതലബലം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Гадаргын таталцал – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гадаргын таталцал" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tegangan_permukaan" title="Tegangan permukaan – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tegangan permukaan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A0_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5" title="पृष्ठ तनाव – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पृष्ठ तनाव" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overflatespenning" title="Overflatespenning – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Overflatespenning" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overflatespenning" title="Overflatespenning – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Overflatespenning" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC" title="ਸਤਹੀ ਕਸ਼ਮਕੱਸ਼ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਤਹੀ ਕਸ਼ਮਕੱਸ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napi%C4%99cie_powierzchniowe" title="Napięcie powierzchniowe – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Napięcie powierzchniowe" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tens%C3%A3o_superficial" title="Tensão superficial – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tensão superficial" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensiune_superficial%C4%83" title="Tensiune superficială – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tensiune superficială" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Поверхностное натяжение – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Поверхностное натяжение" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Povr%C5%A1inski_napon" title="Površinski napon – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Površinski napon" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A8%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%86%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA" title="පෘෂ්ඨික ආතතිය – Singalees" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පෘෂ්ඨික ආතතිය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_tension" title="Surface tension – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Surface tension" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Povrchov%C3%A9_nap%C3%A4tie" title="Povrchové napätie – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Povrchové napätie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Povr%C5%A1inska_napetost" title="Površinska napetost – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Površinska napetost" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensioni_sip%C3%ABrfaq%C3%ABsor" title="Tensioni sipërfaqësor – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tensioni sipërfaqësor" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Povr%C5%A1inski_napon" title="Površinski napon – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Površinski napon" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ytsp%C3%A4nning" title="Ytspänning – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ytspänning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88" title="மேற்பரப்பு இழுவிசை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மேற்பரப்பு இழுவிசை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%A4" title="తలతన్యత – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="తలతన్యత" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7" title="แรงตึงผิว – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แรงตึงผิว" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%BCzey_gerilimi" title="Yüzey gerilimi – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yüzey gerilimi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B3" title="Поверхневий натяг – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Поверхневий натяг" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirt_taranglik" title="Sirt taranglik – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sirt taranglik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%BB%A9c_c%C4%83ng_b%E1%BB%81_m%E1%BA%B7t" title="Sức căng bề mặt – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sức căng bề mặt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E5%BC%A0%E5%8A%9B" title="表面张力 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="表面张力" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E5%BC%A0%E5%8A%9B" title="表面张力 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="表面张力" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%C3%A1u-b%C4%ABn_tiong-la%CC%8Dt" title="Piáu-bīn tiong-la̍t – Minnanyu" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Piáu-bīn tiong-la̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnanyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E5%BC%B5%E5%8A%9B" title="表面張力 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="表面張力" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q170749#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Wassermolek%C3%BCleInTr%C3%B6pfchen-2.svg/390px-Wassermolek%C3%BCleInTr%C3%B6pfchen-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Wassermolek%C3%BCleInTr%C3%B6pfchen-2.svg/520px-Wassermolek%C3%BCleInTr%C3%B6pfchen-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="304" /></a><figcaption>schematische voorstelling van de krachten op vloeistofmoleculen. In het midden van de vloeistof zijn ze in alle richtingen gelijk; aan het grensvlak tussen vloeistof en gas is er een <a href="/wiki/Resultante" title="Resultante">nettokracht</a> naar de vloeistof gericht.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Oppervlaktespanning.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Oppervlaktespanning.png/260px-Oppervlaktespanning.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Oppervlaktespanning.png 1.5x" data-file-width="306" data-file-height="84" /></a><figcaption>Verschil in vorm door hoge en lage oppervlaktespanning: druppels van kwik (A), water (B) en water met zeep (C) op een vast oppervlak</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Dynamische_Contacthoek_Analyse_Apparaat_voor_meting_van_oppervlaktespanning.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Dynamische_Contacthoek_Analyse_Apparaat_voor_meting_van_oppervlaktespanning.jpg/260px-Dynamische_Contacthoek_Analyse_Apparaat_voor_meting_van_oppervlaktespanning.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Dynamische_Contacthoek_Analyse_Apparaat_voor_meting_van_oppervlaktespanning.jpg/390px-Dynamische_Contacthoek_Analyse_Apparaat_voor_meting_van_oppervlaktespanning.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Dynamische_Contacthoek_Analyse_Apparaat_voor_meting_van_oppervlaktespanning.jpg/520px-Dynamische_Contacthoek_Analyse_Apparaat_voor_meting_van_oppervlaktespanning.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Dynamische Contacthoek meetinstrument voor bepaling van de oppervlaktespanning met Du Nouy ring of Wilhelmy plate</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Oppervlaktespanning</b> is het <a href="/wiki/Natuurkunde" title="Natuurkunde">natuurkundig</a> verschijnsel dat het <a href="/wiki/Oppervlakte" title="Oppervlakte">oppervlak</a> van een <a href="/wiki/Vloeistof" title="Vloeistof">vloeistof</a> aan een <a href="/wiki/Meniscus_(fysica)" title="Meniscus (fysica)">vloeistof-gasovergang</a> zich gedraagt als een veerkrachtige laag. <a href="/wiki/Vanderwaalskrachten" title="Vanderwaalskrachten">Vanderwaalskrachten</a> tussen <a href="/wiki/Molecuul" title="Molecuul">moleculen</a> in de <a href="/wiki/Aggregatietoestand" title="Aggregatietoestand">vloeistoffase</a> veroorzaken deze oppervlaktespanning. Losse druppels worden zo veel mogelijk bolvormig. De oppervlaktespanning van water wordt verder verhoogd doordat watermoleculen onderling <a href="/wiki/Waterstofbrug" title="Waterstofbrug">waterstofbruggen</a> vormen. <a href="/wiki/Schaatsenrijder" class="mw-redirect" title="Schaatsenrijder">Schaatsenrijders</a> (een insectensoort) en lichte voorwerpen zinken niet dankzij de oppervlaktespanning van het water. </p><p>Voor moleculen aan het oppervlak van de vloeistof is de netto vanderwaalskracht gericht naar de vloeistof toe. Binnen de vloeistof zijn de onderlinge vanderwaalskrachten tussen de moleculen in alle richtingen even groot, waardoor de <a href="/wiki/Resultante" title="Resultante">resulterende kracht</a> op ieder individueel molecuul binnen de vloeistof gelijkstaat aan nul. </p><p>Het <a href="/wiki/Symbool" title="Symbool">symbool</a> voor oppervlaktespanning is <i>γ</i> (gamma) of <i>σ</i> (sigma) en de <a href="/wiki/SI-eenheid" class="mw-redirect" title="SI-eenheid">SI-eenheid</a> is <a href="/wiki/Newton_(eenheid)" title="Newton (eenheid)">newton</a> per <a href="/wiki/Meter" title="Meter">meter</a>, N m<sup>−1</sup>. In oudere werken vindt men nog wel <a href="/wiki/Dyne" title="Dyne">dyne</a> per centimeter (geen SI-eenheid). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Oppervlakte-actieve_stof" title="Oppervlakte-actieve stof">Oppervlakteactieve stoffen</a> zijn stoffen die de oppervlaktespanning van een vloeistof verlagen als ze erin gemengd worden. Voorbeelden zijn <a href="/wiki/Zeep_(reiniging)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zeep (reiniging)">zeep</a> en <a href="/wiki/Glansspoelmiddel" title="Glansspoelmiddel">glansspoelmiddel</a> in water.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bepaalde <a href="/wiki/Insecten" title="Insecten">insecten</a> maken gebruik van deze spanning om over het wateroppervlak te lopen. Indien <a href="/wiki/Afwasmiddel" title="Afwasmiddel">afwasmiddel</a> in het water wordt gemengd, verdrinkt dit insect. Verlaging van de oppervlaktespanning maakt het ook mogelijk een <a href="/wiki/Zeepbel" title="Zeepbel">zeepbel</a> te blazen die enige tijd kan blijven bestaan. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Grensvlakenergie">Grensvlakenergie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppervlaktespanning&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Grensvlakenergie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppervlaktespanning&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Grensvlakenergie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:070519_Wasserlaeufer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/070519_Wasserlaeufer.jpg/250px-070519_Wasserlaeufer.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/070519_Wasserlaeufer.jpg/375px-070519_Wasserlaeufer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/070519_Wasserlaeufer.jpg/500px-070519_Wasserlaeufer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2040" data-file-height="1408" /></a><figcaption>De <a href="/wiki/Schaatsenrijder" class="mw-redirect" title="Schaatsenrijder">schaatsenrijder</a> wordt gedragen door de oppervlaktespanning van het <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a>. De ronde schaduwen zijn van de kuiltjes in het wateroppervlak onder de poten.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Dscn3156-daisy-water_1200x900.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Dscn3156-daisy-water_1200x900.jpg/260px-Dscn3156-daisy-water_1200x900.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Dscn3156-daisy-water_1200x900.jpg/390px-Dscn3156-daisy-water_1200x900.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Dscn3156-daisy-water_1200x900.jpg/520px-Dscn3156-daisy-water_1200x900.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Door de oppervlaktespanning van het water stroomt het water niet over de rand van bloemblaadjes heen de bloem in, en dus zinkt de bloem niet.</figcaption></figure> <p>Tussen twee verschillende fasen heerst er steeds een drukverschil. De grootte van dit drukverschil kan berekend worden aan de hand van de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grensvlakenergie&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grensvlakenergie (de pagina bestaat niet)">grensvlakenergie</a>, een breder begrip dat de oppervlaktespanning omvat. Merk op dat de <a href="/wiki/Dimensie_(algemeen)" title="Dimensie (algemeen)">dimensie</a> van oppervlaktespanning, kracht per eenheid lengte, ook kan geschreven worden als <a href="/wiki/Energie" title="Energie">energie</a> per eenheid oppervlakte. </p><p>De overdruk in een champagnebelletje in een glas wijn, bijvoorbeeld, kan als volgt berekend worden: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta P={2\gamma \over {r}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">&#x0394;<!-- Δ --></mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>&#x03B3;<!-- γ --></mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta P={2\gamma \over {r}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/abb6ceea257682f966e3a428f2180717c5f47832" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:10.041ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta P={2\gamma \over {r}}}"></span>, waarbij <i>r</i> de straal van het belletje is. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Formules">Formules</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppervlaktespanning&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Formules" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppervlaktespanning&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Formules"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Formules voor het berekenen van de oppervlaktespanning. Hieronder is de wet van Laplace te zien. <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eén grensvlak&#160;:<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta P={2\gamma \over {r}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">&#x0394;<!-- Δ --></mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>&#x03B3;<!-- γ --></mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta P={2\gamma \over {r}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/abb6ceea257682f966e3a428f2180717c5f47832" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:10.041ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta P={2\gamma \over {r}}}"></span> </p><p>Twee grensvlakken&#160;:<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta P={4\gamma \over {r}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">&#x0394;<!-- Δ --></mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>&#x03B3;<!-- γ --></mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta P={4\gamma \over {r}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/aab0e7c1e485844101c4a24feb9cebe9a26977d8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:10.041ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta P={4\gamma \over {r}}}"></span> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:1interfase.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eén grensvlak (voorbeeld: druppel)"><img alt="Eén grensvlak (voorbeeld: druppel)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/1interfase.svg/120px-1interfase.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/1interfase.svg/180px-1interfase.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/1interfase.svg/240px-1interfase.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Eén grensvlak (voorbeeld: druppel)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:2interfase.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Twee grensvlakken (voorbeeld: zeepbel)"><img alt="Twee grensvlakken (voorbeeld: zeepbel)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/2interfase.svg/120px-2interfase.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/2interfase.svg/180px-2interfase.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/2interfase.svg/240px-2interfase.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Twee grensvlakken (voorbeeld: zeepbel)</div> </li> </ul> <p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta p=\ \gamma \left({\frac {1}{R_{x}}}+{\frac {1}{R_{y}}}\right)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">&#x0394;<!-- Δ --></mi> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mtext>&#xA0;</mtext> <mi>&#x03B3;<!-- γ --></mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>y</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta p=\ \gamma \left({\frac {1}{R_{x}}}+{\frac {1}{R_{y}}}\right)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ecf95baed720eb6234265f8301068fc6480d3449" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:22.117ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta p=\ \gamma \left({\frac {1}{R_{x}}}+{\frac {1}{R_{y}}}\right)}"></span> </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta p=\ 2\gamma r\pi \cos(x)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">&#x0394;<!-- Δ --></mi> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mtext>&#xA0;</mtext> <mn>2</mn> <mi>&#x03B3;<!-- γ --></mi> <mi>r</mi> <mi>&#x03C0;<!-- π --></mi> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>&#x2061;<!-- ⁡ --></mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta p=\ 2\gamma r\pi \cos(x)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7c7fe318f7e9074be25e0e2b4aebc6713045d3a5" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:18.227ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta p=\ 2\gamma r\pi \cos(x)}"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oppervlaktespanning_van_enkele_vloeistoffen">Oppervlaktespanning van enkele vloeistoffen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppervlaktespanning&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Oppervlaktespanning van enkele vloeistoffen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppervlaktespanning&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Oppervlaktespanning van enkele vloeistoffen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Temperature_dependence_surface_tension_of_water.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Temperature_dependence_surface_tension_of_water.svg/260px-Temperature_dependence_surface_tension_of_water.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Temperature_dependence_surface_tension_of_water.svg/390px-Temperature_dependence_surface_tension_of_water.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Temperature_dependence_surface_tension_of_water.svg/520px-Temperature_dependence_surface_tension_of_water.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="589" data-file-height="421" /></a><figcaption>Verloop van de oppervlaktespanning van water als functie van de temperatuur</figcaption></figure> <p>De oppervlaktespanning is afhankelijk van de <a href="/wiki/Temperatuur" title="Temperatuur">temperatuur</a>. In het algemeen daalt ze als de temperatuur stijgt. Bij het <a href="/wiki/Kritisch_punt_(thermodynamica)#Verdamping" title="Kritisch punt (thermodynamica)">kritisch punt van verdamping</a>, waar het grensvlak tussen damp en vloeistof verdwijnt, is ze gelijk aan nul. </p><p>Wanneer men de oppervlaktespanning van een stof geeft, moet men er dus steeds bij vermelden voor welke temperatuur die geldt. In deze tabel zijn waarden bij 20&#160;°C gegeven, tenzij anders vermeld: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Vloeistof </th> <th>Oppervlaktespanning in 10<sup>−3</sup> N/m </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">ethanol</a></td> <td>22,55 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Methanol" title="Methanol">methanol</a></td> <td>22,60 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aceton" title="Aceton">aceton</a></td> <td>23,30 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Benzeen" title="Benzeen">benzeen</a></td> <td>28,90 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Glycerol" title="Glycerol">glycerol</a></td> <td>63,4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a> bij 80&#160;°C</td> <td>62,6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>water bij 50&#160;°C</td> <td>67,9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>water bij 20&#160;°C</td> <td>72,75 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kwik" title="Kwik">kwik</a> bij 18&#160;°C</td> <td>471,00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kwik" title="Kwik">kwik</a> bij 20&#160;°C</td> <td>476,00 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppervlaktespanning&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppervlaktespanning&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Probleem_van_Plateau" title="Probleem van Plateau">Probleem van Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capillariteit" title="Capillariteit">Capillariteit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marangoni-effect" title="Marangoni-effect">Marangoni-effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contacthoek" title="Contacthoek">Contacthoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolmanlengte" title="Tolmanlengte">Tolmanlengte</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenties">Referenties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppervlaktespanning&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Referenties" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppervlaktespanning&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Referenties"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rosen M, Kunjappu J.<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.nl/books?id=1rCdNIzB78AC&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false">Surfactants and Interfacial Phenomena</a></i>, Hoboken, John Wiley &amp; Sons, 4e editie, 2012, p. 1. <span class="&#73;SBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/1-118-22902-9" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/1-118-22902-9">ISBN 1-118-22902-9</a></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mit.edu/1.63/www/Lec-notes/Surfacetension/Lecture1.pdf">Oppervlaktespanning lezing 1</a>, John W. M. Bush, MIT</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Surface_tension#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Surface tension">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div>Zie de categorie <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Surface_tension#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Surface tension">Surface tension</a></b></i> van <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.</div> </div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐559c9fd9f4‐4gsjw Cached time: 20241126122634 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.094 seconds Real time usage: 0.667 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 246/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1782/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 475/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3120/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.006/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 638399/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 67.785 1 -total 65.61% 44.471 1 Sjabloon:Commonscat 57.80% 39.183 1 Sjabloon:Zusterproject_box 34.25% 23.213 1 Sjabloon:References 12.51% 8.480 2 Sjabloon:First_non_empty 3.67% 2.488 1 Sjabloon:ISBN 3.24% 2.198 1 Sjabloon:InterProject --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key nlwiki:pcache:83251:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241126122634 and revision id 67111885. 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