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vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Osnove_orijentacije_na_nebeskoj_sferi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Osnove_orijentacije_na_nebeskoj_sferi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Osnove orijentacije na nebeskoj sferi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Osnove_orijentacije_na_nebeskoj_sferi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Osnove orijentacije na nebeskoj sferi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Osnove_orijentacije_na_nebeskoj_sferi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dnevno_gibanje_neba" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dnevno_gibanje_neba"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Dnevno gibanje neba</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dnevno_gibanje_neba-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nebeska_os,_nebeski_ekvator_i_nebeski_meridijan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nebeska_os,_nebeski_ekvator_i_nebeski_meridijan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Nebeska os, nebeski ekvator i nebeski meridijan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nebeska_os,_nebeski_ekvator_i_nebeski_meridijan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Obzor,_zenit_i_nadir" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Obzor,_zenit_i_nadir"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Obzor, zenit i nadir</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Obzor,_zenit_i_nadir-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ekvatorski_koordinatni_sustav" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekvatorski_koordinatni_sustav"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Ekvatorski koordinatni sustav</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ekvatorski_koordinatni_sustav-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Veze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Veze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Veze</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Veze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vanjski_veze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vanjski_veze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vanjski veze</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vanjski_veze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rektascenzija</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prijedi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupno je na 74 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-74" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">74 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regte_klimming" title="Regte klimming — Afrikanerski" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Regte klimming" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikanerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%B9_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85" title="مطلع مستقيم — Arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مطلع مستقيم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascensi%C3%B3n_reuta" title="Ascensión reuta — Asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ascensión reuta" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birba%C5%9Fa_%C3%A7%C4%B1xma" title="Birbaşa çıxma — Azerbejdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Birbaşa çıxma" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbejdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%9E%D0%B7%D1%8B%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Прамое ўзыходжанне — Beloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Прамое ўзыходжанне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Beloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%9E%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%86%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%91" title="Простае ўзьняцьцё — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Простае ўзьняцьцё" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ректасцензия — Bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ректасцензия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B6" title="বিষুবাংশ — Bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বিষুবাংশ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektascenzija" title="Rektascenzija — Bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Rektascenzija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascensi%C3%B3_recta" title="Ascensió recta — Katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ascensió recta" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektascenze" title="Rektascenze — Češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rektascenze" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektascension" title="Rektascension — Danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rektascension" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektaszension" title="Rektaszension — Nemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rektaszension" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%81%CE%B8%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC" title="Ορθή αναφορά — Grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ορθή αναφορά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_ascension" title="Right ascension — Engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Right ascension" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektascensio" title="Rektascensio — Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rektascensio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascensi%C3%B3n_recta" title="Ascensión recta — Španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ascensión recta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otset%C3%B5us" title="Otsetõus — Estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Otsetõus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igoera_zuzen" title="Igoera zuzen — Baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Igoera zuzen" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF_(%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C)" title="بعد (اخترشناسی) — Persijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بعد (اخترشناسی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektaskensio" title="Rektaskensio — Finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rektaskensio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascension_droite" title="Ascension droite — Francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ascension droite" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektaszension" title="Rektaszension — Severno-frizijski" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Rektaszension" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Severno-frizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dronairde" title="Dronairde — Irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Dronairde" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascensi%C3%B3n_recta" title="Ascensión recta — Galski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ascensión recta" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%94" title="עלייה ישרה — Hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עלייה ישרה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A3" title="दायाँ आरोहण — Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दायाँ आरोहण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektascenzija" title="Rektascenzija — Hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rektascenzija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektaszcenzi%C3%B3" title="Rektaszcenzió — Mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rektaszcenzió" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D5%B2%D5%AB%D5%B2_%D5%AE%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Ուղիղ ծագում — Jermenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ուղիղ ծագում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Jermenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asensio_rekta" title="Asensio rekta — Indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Asensio rekta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nr%E1%BB%8Bgo_aka_nri" title="Nrịgo aka nri — Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Nrịgo aka nri" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%ADmahorn" title="Tímahorn — Islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tímahorn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascensione_retta" title="Ascensione retta — Italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ascensione retta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E7%B5%8C" title="赤経 — Japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="赤経" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="პირდაპირი აღვლენა — Gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პირდაპირი აღვლენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluy_ama%C9%A3ad" title="Aluy amaɣad — Kabile" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Aluy amaɣad" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabile" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D3%A9%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%83" title="Тура көтерілу — Kozački" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тура көтерілу" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kozački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%81%EA%B2%BD" title="적경 — Korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="적경" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascensio_recta" title="Ascensio recta — Latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ascensio recta" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektaszensioun" title="Rektaszensioun — Luksemburški" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Rektaszensioun" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektascensija" title="Rektascensija — Litvanski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rektascensija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektascensija" title="Rektascensija — Letonski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rektascensija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Ректасцензија — Makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ректасцензија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%82" title="ഖഗോളരേഖാംശം — Malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഖഗോളരേഖാംശം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="विषुवांश — Marati" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विषुवांश" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarak_hamal" title="Jarak hamal — Malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jarak hamal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektaszension" title="Rektaszension — Niski nemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Rektaszension" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Niski nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rechte_klimming" title="Rechte klimming — Holandski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rechte klimming" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Holandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektasensjon" title="Rektasensjon — Norveški njorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Rektasensjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveški njorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektascensjon" title="Rektascensjon — Norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rektascensjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascension_drecha" title="Ascension drecha — Provansalski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ascension drecha" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Provansalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektascensja" title="Rektascensja — Poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rektascensja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DA%BE%DA%91%DB%8C_%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="اسمانی کھڑی لیک — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اسمانی کھڑی لیک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascens%C3%A3o_reta" title="Ascensão reta — Portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ascensão reta" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascensie_dreapt%C4%83" title="Ascensie dreaptă — Rumunski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ascensie dreaptă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="preporučen članak"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Прямое восхождение — Ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Прямое восхождение" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richt_ascension" title="Richt ascension — Škotski" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Richt ascension" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Škotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_ascension" title="Right ascension — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Right ascension" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektascenzia" title="Rektascenzia — Slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rektascenzia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektascenzija" title="Rektascenzija — Slovenački" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Rektascenzija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektascenzija" title="Rektascenzija — Srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Rektascenzija" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rektascension" title="Rektascension — Švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rektascension" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="రైట్ ఎసెన్షన్ — Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రైట్ ఎసెన్షన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="ไรต์แอสเซนชัน — Tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไรต์แอสเซนชัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanang_asensiyon" title="Kanang asensiyon — Tagalski" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kanang asensiyon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%C4%9F_a%C3%A7%C4%B1kl%C4%B1k" title="Sağ açıklık — Turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sağ açıklık" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Туры калкулык — Tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Туры калкулык" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Пряме піднесення — Ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пряме піднесення" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%B9_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%85" title="مطلع مستقیم — Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مطلع مستقیم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%C3%ADch_kinh" title="Xích kinh — Vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Xích kinh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E7%BB%8F" title="赤经 — Wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="赤经" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E7%BB%8F" title="赤经 — Kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="赤经" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E7%B6%93" title="赤經 — kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="赤經" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q13442#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi međujezične poveznice" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi veze</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Rektascenzija" title="Vidi stranicu sadržaja [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Razgovor:Rektascenzija" rel="discussion" title="Razgovarajte o sadržini ove stranice [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Razgovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Promijeni jezičnu varijantu" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Latinica</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><div id="mw-content-subtitle" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><div class="cdx-message cdx-message--block cdx-message--warning mw-revision"><span class="cdx-message__icon"></span><div class="cdx-message__content"><div id="mw-revision-info">Datum izmjene: 20. augusta 2023. u 17:51; autor/autorica: <a href="/wiki/Korisnik:AcaBot" class="mw-userlink" title="Korisnik:AcaBot" data-mw-revid="41465230"><bdi>AcaBot</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor_s_korisnikom:AcaBot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Razgovor s korisnikom:AcaBot (stranica ne postoji)">razgovor</a> | <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Doprinosi/AcaBot" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Posebno:Doprinosi/AcaBot">doprinosi</a>)</span> <span class="comment">(uklanjam zastarelu oznaku center)</span></div><div id="mw-revision-nav">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&diff=prev&oldid=41465230" title="Rektascenzija">razlika</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&direction=prev&oldid=41465230" title="Rektascenzija">← Starija verzija</a> | Aktualna verzija (razlika) | Novija verzija → (razlika)</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Equatorial_coordinates.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Equatorial_coordinates.svg/250px-Equatorial_coordinates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Equatorial_coordinates.svg/375px-Equatorial_coordinates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Equatorial_coordinates.svg/500px-Equatorial_coordinates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Ekvatorijalne koordinate</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Rektascenzija</b> (<a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Njemački jezik">njem.</a> <i>Rektaszension</i>, od <a href="/wiki/Latinski_jezik" title="Latinski jezik">lat.</a> <i>rectus</i>: prav; uspravan + <i>ascensio</i>: uspinjanje, kratica RA prema <a href="/wiki/Engleski_jezik" title="Engleski jezik">engl.</a> <i>right ascension</i>, oznaka <i>α</i>) je jedna od <a href="/wiki/Kut" class="mw-redirect" title="Kut">kutnih</a> koordinata za određivanje položaja <a href="/wiki/Nebesko_tijelo" title="Nebesko tijelo">nebeskih tijela</a> na <a href="/wiki/Nebeska_sfera" title="Nebeska sfera">nebeskoj sferi</a> u <a href="/wiki/Nebeski_ekvatorski_koordinatni_sustav" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebeski ekvatorski koordinatni sustav">ekvatorskom koordinatnom sustavu</a>. Rektascenzija je kut od satne kružnice <a href="/wiki/Proljetna_to%C4%8Dka" title="Proljetna točka">proljetne točke</a> do satne kružnice nebeskoga tijela, računana u smjeru dnevne vrtnje neba, tj. prema <a href="/wiki/Istok" title="Istok">istoku</a> (suprotno od <a href="/wiki/Zemljopisna_du%C5%BEina" class="mw-redirect" title="Zemljopisna dužina">zemljopisne dužine</a>). Računa se u <a href="/wiki/Sat" class="mw-redirect" title="Sat">satnoj</a> mjeri od 0h do 24h (1 h odgovara <a href="/wiki/Kut" class="mw-redirect" title="Kut">kutu</a> od 15°); povezana je sa <a href="/wiki/Sideri%C4%8Dki_dan" class="mw-redirect" title="Siderički dan">zvjezdanim (sideričkim) vremenom</a>. Rabi se od <a href="/wiki/Hiparh" title="Hiparh">Hiparhova</a> doba. Rektascenzija zvijezda postupno se mijenja zbog <a href="/wiki/Zemljina_precesija" title="Zemljina precesija">Zemljine precesije</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Satni_kut" title="Satni kut">Satni kut</a> je <a href="/wiki/Sfera" title="Sfera">sferni</a> kut ili luk između ravnine <a href="/wiki/Nebeski_meridijan" title="Nebeski meridijan">nebeskoga meridijana</a> i ravnine satne kružnice nebeskoga tijela, mjeren u smjeru dnevnoga gibanja zvijezda. Mjeri se satnom mjerom od 0h do 24h (1 h odgovara kutu od 15°). Označuje razliku <a href="/wiki/Mjesni_ekvatorski_koordinatni_sustav" class="mw-redirect" title="Mjesni ekvatorski koordinatni sustav">mjesnoga zvjezdanog vremena</a> i rektascenzije nebeskog tijela. Time označuje i <a href="/wiki/Sideri%C4%8Dki_dan" class="mw-redirect" title="Siderički dan">zvjezdano vrijeme</a> koje je proteklo od prolaska tijela kroz mjesni meridijan. Poseban smisao ima satni kut proljetne točke, koji označuje mjesno zvjezdano vrijeme.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Osnove_orijentacije_na_nebeskoj_sferi">Osnove orijentacije na nebeskoj sferi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odjeljak Osnove orijentacije na nebeskoj sferi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Osnove orijentacije na nebeskoj sferi"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija">Astronomija</a> je vezana za <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orijentacija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orijentacija (stranica ne postoji)">orijentaciju</a> u <a href="/wiki/Prostor" title="Prostor">prostoru</a>, a ona se sastoji u tome da gledajući u <a href="/wiki/Nebo" title="Nebo">nebo</a>, i prelazeći pogledom s jednog nebeskog tijela na drugo, mi povezujemo smjerove u kojima vidimo tijelo. Položaj tijela projiciramo na plohu jedne kugle, koju nazivamo nebeskom sferom. Zbog velikih daljina nebeskih tijela, možemo zamisliti da je i nebeska sfera na velikoj daljini. Bliski predmeti, kao što su <a href="/wiki/Avion" title="Avion">avion</a> ili <a href="/wiki/Umjetni_satelit" title="Umjetni satelit">umjetni satelit</a>, na nebeskoj će sferi brzo mijenjati međusobni položaj, a mnogo udaljenije zvijezde, iako se i one ustvari gibaju, duže će zadržavati prividno jednak projicirani razmještaj. Dakle, položaj tijela određuje se smjerovima i kutovima između njih.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Za zapis položaja na nebeskoj sferi služe <a href="/wiki/Nebeski_koordinatni_sustavi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebeski koordinatni sustavi">sferne koordinate</a>, slično kao što za utvrđivanje položaja na površini Zemlje služe <a href="/wiki/Zemljopisne_koordinate" class="mw-redirect" title="Zemljopisne koordinate">zemljopisne koordinate</a>. Važne točke na <a href="/wiki/Globus_(svijet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Globus (svijet)">globusu</a> jesu polovi, točke kroz koje prolazi <a href="/wiki/Zemljina_rotacija" title="Zemljina rotacija">Zemljina os vrtnje</a>. Veoma važno svojstvo, smjer vrtnje, ne možemo odrediti drukčije nego na osnovi iskustva. Kažemo da se <a href="/wiki/Zemlja" title="Zemlja">Zemlja</a> okreće kao desni <a href="/wiki/Vijak" title="Vijak">vijak</a> koji napreduje od <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polovi_ju%C5%BEne_polutke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polovi južne polutke (stranica ne postoji)">Južnog pola</a> prema <a href="/wiki/Polovi_sjeverne_polutke" class="mw-redirect" title="Polovi sjeverne polutke">Sjevernom polu</a>. Smjer se može odrediti i s obzirom na način gibanja satne kazaljke. Gledajući na Sjeverni pol Zemlje, ona se vrti u smjeru suprotnom od <a href="/wiki/Sat_(instrument)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sat (instrument)">kazaljke na satu</a>. Pomoću <a href="/wiki/Meridijan" title="Meridijan">meridijana</a> odbrojavaju se <a href="/wiki/Zemljopisna_du%C5%BEina" class="mw-redirect" title="Zemljopisna dužina">zemljopisne dužine</a>; računaju se kao istočne ili kao zapadne, od 0° do 180°. Početni meridijan je onaj koji, po dogovoru, prolazi <a href="/wiki/Zvjezdarnica" class="mw-redirect" title="Zvjezdarnica">zvjezdarnicom</a> u <a href="/wiki/Greenwich" title="Greenwich">Greenwichu</a>, predgrađu <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">Londona</a>. Okomito na meridijane prolaze <a href="/wiki/Paralela_(zemljopis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paralela (zemljopis)">paralele</a> (usporednice). Paralela najvećeg <a href="/wiki/Opseg" title="Opseg">opsega</a> je <a href="/wiki/Ekvator" title="Ekvator">ekvator</a>, a od njega se prema sjeveru i prema jugu odbrojavaju <a href="/wiki/Zemljopisna_%C5%A1irina" class="mw-redirect" title="Zemljopisna širina">zemljopisne širine</a>, kao sjeverne i južne, i to od 0° do 90°. Meridijana i paralela ima neizmjerno mnogo. </p><p>U astronomiji se primjenjuje nekoliko koordinatnih sustava (<a href="/wiki/Nebeski_koordinatni_sustavi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebeski koordinatni sustavi">nebeski koordinatni sustavi</a>). Svaki od njih ima osnovni krug (kao što je Zemljin ekvator) i početnu polukružnicu (kao što je početni Greenwichski meridijan) od kojih se odbrojavaju koordinate. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dnevno_gibanje_neba">Dnevno gibanje neba</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odjeljak Dnevno gibanje neba" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Dnevno gibanje neba"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Neposredan izgled pojava na nebu uvjetovan je Zemljinim gibanjima. <a href="/wiki/Zemljina_rotacija" title="Zemljina rotacija">Zemljina vrtnja</a> uzrok je prividnom okretanju nebeske sfere i izmjene <a href="/wiki/Dan" title="Dan">dana</a> i <a href="/wiki/No%C4%87" title="Noć">noći</a>. Svakako, nije svejedno okreće li se <a href="/wiki/Zemlja" title="Zemlja">Zemlja</a> ili nebeska sfera, sa svim <a href="/wiki/Zvijezda" title="Zvijezda">zvijezdama</a> i <a href="/wiki/Galaktika" class="mw-redirect" title="Galaktika">galaktikama</a>. U posljednjem bi slučaju relativne brzine zvijezda morale nadmašiti <a href="/wiki/Brzina_svjetlosti" title="Brzina svjetlosti">brzinu svjetlosti</a>, a nedostajale bi mnoge sitne pojave koje pružaju fizičke i astronomske dokaze gibanja Zemlje. Te pojave jesu: zakretanje ravnine njihanja (<a href="/wiki/Foucaultovo_njihalo" class="mw-redirect" title="Foucaultovo njihalo">Foucaultovo njihalo</a>), otklon na istok pri slobodnom padu, spljoštenost Zemlje, pojava dnevne <a href="/wiki/Paralaksa_(astronomija)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paralaksa (astronomija)">paralakse</a>, dnevna <a href="/wiki/Aberacija_svjetlosti" title="Aberacija svjetlosti">aberacija svjetlosti</a> i još neke. Bez razumijevanja <a href="/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika">fizičke suštine</a>, a to znači ne znajući za ograničenu veličinu Zemlje i njezina gibanja, neposredno vidljive promjene na nebu nisu jednostavno protumačive. Zato je i trebalo mnogo vremena dok se čovjek nije izdignuo iznad neposredno danog. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nebeska_os,_nebeski_ekvator_i_nebeski_meridijan"><span id="Nebeska_os.2C_nebeski_ekvator_i_nebeski_meridijan"></span>Nebeska os, nebeski ekvator i nebeski meridijan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odjeljak Nebeska os, nebeski ekvator i nebeski meridijan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Nebeska os, nebeski ekvator i nebeski meridijan"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vidljiv predio neba ovisi o položaju promatrača i o trenutku promatranja. Svaki promatrač na Zemlji stoji na vodoravnoj ravnini, a pravac <a href="/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija">sile teže</a>, vertikala, okomit je na tu ravninu. Smjer vertikale pokazuje slobodno obješen, miran <a href="/wiki/Visak" title="Visak">visak</a>. Produži li se vertikala prema nebeskoj sferi, probost će je u točki koja ovisi o zemljopisnom položaju i o trenutku dana, jer se Zemlja okreće. Zbog Zemljina okretanja vertikala opisuje <a href="/wiki/Sto%C5%BEac" title="Stožac">stožac</a> oko produžene Zemljine osi ili nebeske osi. Nebeska os probada nebesku sferu u sjevernom i južnom nebeskom polu. <b>Nebeska os</b> je zamišljeni <a href="/wiki/Pravac" title="Pravac">pravac</a> identičan sa Zemljinom osi rotacije i probada nebesku sferu u <a href="/wiki/Nebeski_polovi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebeski polovi">sjevernom i južnom nebeskom polu</a>. U točki sjevernog nebeskog pola se približno nalazi zvijezda <a href="/wiki/Sjevernja%C4%8Da" title="Sjevernjača">Sjevernjača</a>. Oko nebeske osi se prividno okreće nebeska sfera (prividno okretanje nastaje zbog rotacije Zemlje). Sva <a href="/wiki/Nebesko_tijelo" title="Nebesko tijelo">nebeska tijela</a> prividno se okreću oko nebeske osi. Ravnina Zemljina <a href="/wiki/Ekvator" title="Ekvator">ekvatora</a>, protegnuta do nebeske sfere, isijeca na njoj <a href="/wiki/Kru%C5%BEnica" title="Kružnica">kružnicu</a> ili nebeski ekvator. <a href="/wiki/Nebeski_ekvator" title="Nebeski ekvator">Nebeski ekvator</a> je projekcija Zemljinog ekvatora na nebesku sferu. Ravnina kojoj pripada nebeski ekvator okomita je na nebesku os. Ravnina <a href="/wiki/Meridijan" title="Meridijan">meridijana</a> na kojemu se promatrač nalazi presijeca nebesku sferu uzduž velike kružnice ili nebeskog meridijana. <a href="/wiki/Nebeski_meridijan" title="Nebeski meridijan">Nebeski meridijan</a> je zamišljena velika kružnica na nebeskoj sferi koja prolazi sjevernim i južnim nebeskim polom i sadrži projekciju nebeskog tijela čiji meridijan promatramo. Meridijan promatrača prolazi nebeskim polovima, te sadrži <a href="/wiki/Zenit" title="Zenit">zenit</a> i <a href="/wiki/Nadir" title="Nadir">nadir</a> promatrača. Kako promatrač subjektivno ne osjeća Zemljinu vrtnju, činit će mu se da se nebeska sfera okreće oko Zemljine osi, i to u suprotnom smjeru. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Obzor,_zenit_i_nadir"><span id="Obzor.2C_zenit_i_nadir"></span>Obzor, zenit i nadir</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odjeljak Obzor, zenit i nadir" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Obzor, zenit i nadir"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vodoravna <a href="/wiki/Ravnina" class="mw-redirect" title="Ravnina">ravnina</a> na kojoj se promatrač nalazi je ravnina obzora ili horizonta, a <a href="/wiki/Kru%C5%BEnica" title="Kružnica">kružnica</a> koju ona isijeca na nebeskoj sferi je obzor ili horizont. <a href="/wiki/Obzor" class="mw-redirect" title="Obzor">Obzor</a> je velika kružnica nebeske sfere, nastaje presjekom ravnine koja prolazi stajalištem promatrača sa nebeskom sferom i okomita je na pravac zenit-nadir. Vidljivi horizont (na otovrenim površinama kao more) se zbog zakrivljenosti Zemljine površine nalazi ispod astronomskog horizonta (tome je uzrok i <a href="/wiki/Nadmorska_visina" title="Nadmorska visina">nadmorska visina</a> te <a href="/wiki/Astronomska_refrakcija" class="mw-redirect" title="Astronomska refrakcija">refrakcija</a> Zemljine atmosfere). Točke u kojima okomica ili vertikala probada nebesku sferu jesu zenit i nadir. <a href="/wiki/Zenit" title="Zenit">Zenit</a> je točka na nebeskoj sferi koja se nalazi direktno iznad promatrača. Nadir je točka na nebeskoj sferi suprotno od zenita (ispod promatrača). Na <a href="/wiki/Arapski" class="mw-redirect" title="Arapski">arapskom</a> znači suprotan, nasuprot. <a href="/wiki/Zvijezde" class="mw-redirect" title="Zvijezde">Zvijezde</a> obilaze oko nebeske osi po kružnicama koje su nazvane <b>dnevne kružnice</b>. Neke zvijezde, one koje su blize sjevernom nebeskom polu, stalno su iznad obzora (<a href="/wiki/Cirkumpolarna_zvije%C5%BE%C4%91a" title="Cirkumpolarna zviježđa">cirkumpolarna zviježđa</a>). Neke zvijezde izlaze iznad obzora i zalaze pod obzor. </p><p>Kao <b>istočna točka obzora</b> (E) i kao <b>zapadna točka obzora</b> (W) zadaje se presjecište nebeskog ekvatora s obzorom. Nebeski meridijan prolazi kroz zenit, sjeverni i južni nebeski pol. Presjecište meridijana i obzora bliže sjevernom nebeskom polu je <b>sjeverna točka obzora</b> (N), a njoj nasuprot, <b>južna točka obzora</b> (S). Četiri glavne točke obzora (N, S, W i E) određene su prividnim dnevnim gibanjem neba i razlikovanjem polova, a razmaknute su na obzoru za pravi <a href="/wiki/Kut" class="mw-redirect" title="Kut">kut</a>. Zvijezde izlaze na istočnoj strani obzora, podižu se do nebeskog meridijana, gdje dostižu najveću visinu ili kaže se da prolaze kroz <a href="/wiki/Kulminacija" title="Kulminacija">gornju kulminaciju</a>. Nastavljajući kruženje, zalaze na zapadnoj strani obzora. Nakon toga će zvijezde proći i kroz najniži položaj ili <a href="/wiki/Kulminacija" title="Kulminacija">donju kulminaciju</a>. Iznad obzora zvijezde se premještaju od istočne strane prema zapadnoj. Cirkumpolarne zvijezde nikada ne zalaze, a anticirkumpolarne nikada ne izlaze. Sve zvijezde, promatrane na svim zemljopisnim širinama, bez obzira na to jesu li cirkumpolarne ili nisu, prolaze kroz gornju kulminaciju u onoj polovici meridijana (<a href="/wiki/Meridijan" title="Meridijan">meridijan</a> je raspolovljen sjevernim i južnim nebeskim polom) koja sadrži zenit; kroz donju kulminaciju zvijezda će proći u onoj polovici meridijana koja sadrži nadir. Dijelovi dnevnih kružnica iznad obzora jesu <b>dnevni lukovi</b>. Zvijezda koja se nalazi na dnevnoj kružnici sjevernije od nebeskog ekvatora izlazi između sjeverne (N) i istočne (E) točke obzora, a zalazi između sjeverne i zapadne (W) točke obzora. Južnije od istočno – zapadne linije, izlaze i zalaze one zvijezde koje su smještene južnije od nebeskog ekvatora. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ekvatorski_koordinatni_sustav">Ekvatorski koordinatni sustav</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odjeljak Ekvatorski koordinatni sustav" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Ekvatorski koordinatni sustav"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>S vrtnjom nebeske sfere izravno je povezan ekvatorski koordinatni sustav. Taj je sustav projekcija <a href="/wiki/Zemljopisne_koordinate" class="mw-redirect" title="Zemljopisne koordinate">zemljopisnog koordinatnog sustava</a> na nebesku sferu. Osnovni krug sustava je krug nebeskog ekvatora. Dnevne kružnice paralelne su s nebeskim ekvatorom. Kutna udaljenost nebeskog tijela od nebeskog ekvatora je <a href="/wiki/Deklinacija_(astronomija)" title="Deklinacija (astronomija)">deklinacija</a> <i>δ</i>. Ta koordinata poprima vrijednost od 0° do 90° (od nebeskog ekvatora prema sjevernom nebeskom polu) i od 0° do -90° (od nebeskog ekvatora prema južnom nebeskom polu). </p><p>Druga koordinata ima dvije mogućnosti. Prema jednoj, početna je polukružnica ona polovica meridijana promatrača, koja se pruža od sjevernog do južnog nebeskog pola a sadrži zenit. Koordinata koja se računa od te polovice meridijana je <b>satni kut</b> <i>t</i>. <a href="/wiki/Kut" class="mw-redirect" title="Kut">Kut</a> se računa uzduž dnevne kružnice i raste u smjeru dnevnog gibanja neba, od istoka prema zapadu. <b>Satne kružnice</b> su mjesta na nebeskoj sferi koja imaju jednak satni kut. Kut nebeskog tijela izražava se vremenom koje je prošlo od njegove gornje kulminacije, dakle od 0 do 24 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sat_(razdvojba)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sat (razdvojba) (stranica ne postoji)">h</a>. Razlog je u tome što se u svom dnevnom gibanju nebesko tijelo odmiče od meridijana i njegov satni kut raste. Satni kut nekih tijela važan je u mjerenju vremena. </p><p>U drugoj mogućnosti koordinata je rektascenzija <i>α</i>, kut između satne kružnice koja prolazi <a href="/wiki/Proljetna_to%C4%8Dka" title="Proljetna točka">proljetnom točkom</a> <i>γ</i> i satne kružnice promatranog tijela. Rektascenzija se računa od 0 h do 24 h, i raste od zapada prema istoku, suprotno od satnog kuta (u smjeru koji je suprotan dnevnom gibanju neba). No taj porast pokazuje smjer prividnog godišnjeg gibanja Sunca. Rektascenzija se zajedno s deklinacijom upotrebljava za određivanje položaja zvijezda na nebeskoj sferi, one služe kao zvjezdane adrese i upisuju se u karte neba, astronomske kataloge i godišnjake. </p><p>Ekvatorski koordinatni sustav pogodan je za praćenje dnevnog gibanja neba. Pomatrač vidi na nekom položaju kako se oko njega okreću zvijezde. Pritom je zgodno zamišljati da su zvijezde pričvršćene na satne kružnice, a da se one okreću oko nas kao savijene šipke kišobrana kojemu je drška nebeska os. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Stars_and_dec.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Stars_and_dec.png/700px-Stars_and_dec.png" decoding="async" width="700" height="372" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Stars_and_dec.png/1050px-Stars_and_dec.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Stars_and_dec.png/1400px-Stars_and_dec.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="850" /></a><figcaption>Cijela <a href="/wiki/Nebeska_sfera" title="Nebeska sfera">nebeska sfera</a>, podijeljena u dvije polovice. <b>Rektascenzija</b> (plavo) počinje kod <a href="/wiki/Proljetna_to%C4%8Dka" title="Proljetna točka">proljetne točke</a> (na desnoj strani, kao presjecište <a href="/wiki/Ekliptika" title="Ekliptika">ekliptike</a> (crveno) i <a href="/wiki/Nebeski_ekvator" title="Nebeski ekvator">nebeskog ekvatora</a> (zeleno)) i raste prema istočnoj strani (ulijevo). Linije <b>rektascenzije</b> (plavo) od <a href="/wiki/Nebeski_polovi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebeski polovi">nebeskog pola</a> do drugog nebeskog pola dijele nebesku sferu na 24h, i svaka je razmaknuta 15°.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odjeljak Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41378145">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b>rektascenzija</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=52358">[1]</a> "Hrvatska enciklopedija", Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, www.enciklopedija.hr, 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b>satni kut</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=54698">[2]</a> "Hrvatska enciklopedija", Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, www.enciklopedija.hr, 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Vladis_Vujnovi%C4%87" title="Vladis Vujnović">Vladis Vujnović</a> : "Astronomija", Školska knjiga, 1989.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Veze">Veze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odjeljak Veze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Veze"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mjesni_ekvatorski_koordinatni_sustav" class="mw-redirect" title="Mjesni ekvatorski koordinatni sustav">Mjesni ekvatorski koordinatni sustav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebeski_ekvatorski_koordinatni_sustav" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebeski ekvatorski koordinatni sustav">Nebeski ekvatorski koordinatni sustav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebeski_koordinatni_sistem" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebeski koordinatni sistem">Nebeski koordinatni sistem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deklinacija_(astronomija)" title="Deklinacija (astronomija)">Deklinacija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prividno_gibanje_planeta" class="mw-redirect" title="Prividno gibanje planeta">Prividno gibanje planeta</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vanjski_veze">Vanjski veze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odjeljak Vanjski veze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rektascenzija&action=edit&section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Vanjski veze"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Špoljarić, Drago: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eskola.zvjezdarnica.hr/osnove-astronomije/polozajna-i-efemeridna-astronomija/nebeski-koordinatni-sustavi/"><i>Nebeski koordinatni sustavi</i></a>, Zvjezdarnica.hr</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://astro.fdst.hr/Promatracka/prividno_gibanje.php">astro.fdst.hr: Prividno gibanje neba</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external 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