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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Thanks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Thanks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Another_thank-you" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Another_thank-you"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Another thank-you</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Another_thank-you-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Thank_you_very_much!" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Thank_you_very_much!"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Thank you very much!</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Thank_you_very_much!-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-A_kitten_for_you!" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#A_kitten_for_you!"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>A kitten for you!</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-A_kitten_for_you!-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brill_and_Encyclopaedia_of_Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brill_and_Encyclopaedia_of_Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Brill and Encyclopaedia of Islam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brill_and_Encyclopaedia_of_Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-A_kitten_for_you!_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#A_kitten_for_you!_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>A kitten for you!</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-A_kitten_for_you!_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Απαυγασμα_της_δοχης" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Απαυγασμα_της_δοχης"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Απαυγασμα της δοχης</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Απαυγασμα_της_δοχης-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hilf_al_Fudhul" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hilf_al_Fudhul"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Hilf al Fudhul</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hilf_al_Fudhul-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alchemy_and_beauty_products" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alchemy_and_beauty_products"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Alchemy and beauty products</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alchemy_and_beauty_products-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Weird_question" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Weird_question"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Weird question</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Weird_question-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">User</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Apaugasma</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div style="text-align: center; width: 60%; margin: auto; padding: 1em; border: solid 2px gold; background-color: royalblue; color: white; font-weight: bold;"><span style="letter-spacing: 14px;">SEMI-RETIRED</span></div> <div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">This user is no longer very active on Wikipedia.</div> <table role="presentation" class="userboxes" style="margin: auto; margin-bottom: 0.5em; width: 248px; border: #99B3FF solid 1px; background-color: #FFFFFF; background-color: var(--background-color-base, #FFFFFF);; color: #000000; color: var(--color-emphasized, #000000); float: right;"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="text-align: center; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold;">User info</div> <div class="wikipediauserbox" style="float:left;border:1px solid #999999;margin:1px;width:238px"><table role="presentation" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:238px;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;background:#eeeeee;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><td style="border:0;width:45px;height:45px;background:#dddddd;text-align:center;font-size:14pt;font-weight:bold;color:black;padding:0 1px 0 0;line-height:1.25em;vertical-align:middle"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Not_Admin.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Not_Admin.svg/40px-Not_Admin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Not_Admin.svg/60px-Not_Admin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Not_Admin.svg/80px-Not_Admin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="155" /></a></span></td><td style="border:0;text-align:left;font-size:8pt;padding:0 4px 0 4px;height:45px;line-height:1.25em;color:black;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Template:User_wikipedia/Non-Administrator" title="Special:WhatLinksHere/Template:User wikipedia/Non-Administrator">This user</a> is <b>not</b> an <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators" title="Wikipedia:Administrators">administrator</a></b> on the English Wikipedia. <span style="font-size:0.9em;" class="plainlinks">(<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Listusers&limit=1&username=Apaugasma"><span style="color:#5871C6;">verify</span></a>)</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="wikipediauserbox" style="float:left;border:1px solid #999;margin:1px;width:238px"><table role="presentation" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:238px;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;background:#eee;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><td style="border:0;width:45px;height:45px;background:#ddd;text-align:center;font-size:14pt;font-weight:bold;color:black;padding:0 1px 0 0;line-height:1.25em;vertical-align:middle"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/43px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="43" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/65px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/86px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a></span></td><td style="border:0;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;padding:0 4px 0 4px;height:45px;line-height:1.25em;color:black;vertical-align:middle">This user has made <br /><b>17,000</b> <a href="https://xtools.wmcloud.org/sc/en.wikipedia.org/Apaugasma" class="extiw" title="xtools:sc/en.wikipedia.org/Apaugasma">edits</a> to Wikipedia.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="wikipediauserbox" style="float:left;border:1px solid #8888aa;margin:1px;width:238px"><table role="presentation" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:238px;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;background:#DFD;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><td style="border:0;width:45px;height:45px;background:lightskyblue;text-align:center;font-size:14pt;font-weight:bold;color:black;padding:0 1px 0 0;line-height:1.25em;vertical-align:middle"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:System-users.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/System-users.svg/45px-System-users.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/System-users.svg/68px-System-users.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/System-users.svg/90px-System-users.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td><td style="border:0;text-align:left;font-size:8pt;padding:0 4px 0 4px;height:45px;line-height:1.25em;color:black;vertical-align:middle">This user has an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry#Legitimate_uses" title="Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry">alternative account</a> named <b><a href="/wiki/User:%E1%BC%88%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%8D%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="User:Ἀπαύγασμα">Ἀπαύγασμα</a></b>.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="wikipediauserbox" style="float:left;border:1px solid #999;margin:1px;width:238px"><table role="presentation" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:238px;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;background:#eee;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><td style="border:0;width:45px;height:45px;background:#ddd;text-align:center;font-size:14pt;font-weight:bold;color:black;padding:0 1px 0 0;line-height:1.25em;vertical-align:middle">En</td><td style="border:0;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;padding:0 4px 0 4px;height:45px;line-height:1.25em;color:black;vertical-align:middle">This user is <b>not</b> a <a href="/wiki/Native_speaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Native speaker">native speaker</a> of the English language.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="wikipediauserbox" style="float:left;border:1px solid #6a0dad;margin:1px;width:238px"><table role="presentation" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:238px;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;background:#bddafc;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><td style="border:0;width:45px;height:45px;background:#c67dfa;text-align:center;font-size:14pt;font-weight:bold;color:black;padding:0 1px 0 0;line-height:1.25em;vertical-align:middle"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E2%98%BF" title="☿"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/34px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/51px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/68px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td><td style="border:0;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;padding:0 4px 0 4px;height:45px;line-height:1.25em;color:black;vertical-align:middle">This user is interested in the history of <a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism"><span style="color:#6a0dad">Hermeticism</span></a>.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Hello, I'm Apaugasma. Welcome to my user page! </p><p>I am a devoted student of the history of ancient and medieval philosophy. My day-to-day activities largely consist of doing <a href="/wiki/Original_research" class="mw-redirect" title="Original research">original research</a>, in which I work with ancient Greek, Latin, and Arabic sources. </p><p>I have also spent a lot of time contributing to Wikipedia, where the task is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOR" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOR">rather</a> to summarize and present the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NPOV" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NPOV">research of others</a>. To me, this was a way to fulfill one of my scholarly duties, i.e., to make sure that the specialist knowledge produced by the academic community reaches as broad an audience as possible. </p><p>However, the fact that <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Competence_is_required" title="Wikipedia:Competence is required">incompetent</a> Wikipedia editors are left unchecked means that anyone who wishes to keep articles up to a scholarly standard will be forced to spend an unacceptable amount of time in discussions with ignorant, clueless editors. These editors are often trying to push some ethnic, political, or (anti-)religious point of view. Even worse is that the point pushed almost invariably involves something incredibly petty. Regular participation in such discussions has a very real effect of shrinking the mind. </p><p>Editing Wikipedia in these conditions not only wastes much time (in the order of several days to several weeks almost full-time distraction), it is also mentally exhausting up to the point of becoming unhealthy. I therefore will not be working on article content again until Wikipedia has been taken over by scholars and academics. I expect (okay, I'm wishfully thinking) this to happen somewhere <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 2040</span>. Until then! <span style="text-shadow:#000 0em 0em 1em">☿ <span style="color:#6a0dad">Apaugasma</span> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Apaugasma" title="User talk:Apaugasma"><span style="color:#000">talk</span></a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/Apaugasma" title="Special:Contributions/Apaugasma">☉</a>)</span> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1256386598">.mw-parser-output .cot-header-mainspace{background:#F0F2F5;color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cot-header-other{background:#CCFFCC;color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cot-header-mainspace{background:#14181F;color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cot-header-other{background:#003500;color:inherit}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cot-header-mainspace{background:#14181F;color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cot-header-other{background:#003500;color:inherit}}</style> <div style="margin-left:0"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-archivedtalk mw-collapsed" style="color:inherit; background: transparent; text-align: left; border: 1px solid Silver; margin: 0.2em auto auto; width:100%; clear: both; padding: 1px;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="cot-header-other" style="background:LightGray; font-size:87%; padding:0.2em 0.3em; text-align:center; color:#202122"><div style="font-size:115%;margin:0 4em">Wikipedia is not always a toxic place. Here are some nice things Wikipedia editors have said to me.</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; border: solid 1px Silver; padding: 0.6em; background: var(--background-color-base, #fff);"> <table style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Original_Barnstar_Hires.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Original_Barnstar_Hires.png/100px-Original_Barnstar_Hires.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Original_Barnstar_Hires.png/150px-Original_Barnstar_Hires.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Original_Barnstar_Hires.png/200px-Original_Barnstar_Hires.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1900" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;"><b>The Original Barnstar</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;">For your recent edits to <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Wahshiyya" title="Ibn Wahshiyya">Ibn Wahshiyya</a>. Thank you for bringing a scholarly perspective based on recent research to the article! <a href="/wiki/User:Cerebellum" title="User:Cerebellum">Cerebellum</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Cerebellum" title="User talk:Cerebellum">talk</a>) 11:21, 24 January 2021 (UTC) </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rosetta_Barnstar_Hires.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Rosetta_Barnstar_Hires.png/100px-Rosetta_Barnstar_Hires.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Rosetta_Barnstar_Hires.png/150px-Rosetta_Barnstar_Hires.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Rosetta_Barnstar_Hires.png/200px-Rosetta_Barnstar_Hires.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1900" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;"><b>The Rosetta Barnstar</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;">For deciphering Wikipedia's alchemical morass in various language traditions; a <i>magnum opus</i>! <a href="/wiki/User:GPinkerton" title="User:GPinkerton">GPinkerton</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:GPinkerton" title="User talk:GPinkerton">talk</a>) 14:31, 26 January 2021 (UTC) </td></tr></tbody></table> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Just_wanted_to_say_thanks">Just wanted to say thanks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Apaugasma&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Just wanted to say thanks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hey, just wanted to say thanks for taking the time to make Wikipedia better. You're the type of person that makes this site better. Thank you, friend! Much appreciate your help with the article. <a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Rusdo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="User:Rusdo (page does not exist)">Rusdo</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Rusdo" title="User talk:Rusdo">talk</a>) 04:15, 28 April 2021 (UTC) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Thanks">Thanks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Apaugasma&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Thanks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I appreciate you spending time on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Hitchens%27s_razor" title="Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Hitchens's razor">Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Hitchens's razor</a>, my AN/I concern, and my talk page a while back when you helped me to understand policy better. You seem very professional and kind, and I appreciate that you have pointed out my mistakes in a professional and kind way. <a href="/wiki/User:MarshallKe" title="User:MarshallKe">MarshallKe</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:MarshallKe" title="User talk:MarshallKe">talk</a>) 13:13, 19 August 2021 (UTC) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Another_thank-you">Another thank-you</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Apaugasma&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Another thank-you"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I have long appreciated your good edits on a number of articles, so: thank you! You are careful and knowledgeable, you respect good scholarship, and you tactfully revert inappropriate edits. If you make changes to Pseudo-Democritus, please read Martelli first. I think his monograph on the subject concludes about as much as is reasonable to conclude from the available sources, and successfully dates this writer's work to ca. 60 AD. I know Martelli, and can vouch for his conscientious professional scholarship. <a href="/wiki/User:Ajrocke" title="User:Ajrocke">Ajrocke</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Ajrocke" title="User talk:Ajrocke">talk</a>) 17:54, 27 August 2021 (UTC) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Thank_you_very_much!"><span id="Thank_you_very_much.21"></span>Thank you very much!</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Apaugasma&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Thank you very much!"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hi, Apaugasma! Thank you very much for your kindness for how to contribute to Wikipedia. It was the first edit of Wikipedia for me, and I seem to have made a mistake, editing it. If you made a correction for my edit, I thank you so much! I have some things to do now, and would like to read about Pneuma (Stoic) and Stoic Physics later. I will not discuss it on the talk pages. Take care!<a href="/wiki/User:Ruby2021" title="User:Ruby2021">Ruby2021</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Ruby2021" title="User talk:Ruby2021">talk</a>) 16:16, 29 August 2021 (UTC) </p> <table style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Export_hell_seidel_steiner.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Export_hell_seidel_steiner.png/70px-Export_hell_seidel_steiner.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Export_hell_seidel_steiner.png/105px-Export_hell_seidel_steiner.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Export_hell_seidel_steiner.png/140px-Export_hell_seidel_steiner.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="777" /></a></span> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;">Thanks for your input. When one is ranting into the void, this is the response one is hoping for, but doesn't really expect. <a href="/wiki/User:Gr%C3%A5bergs_Gr%C3%A5a_S%C3%A5ng" title="User:Gråbergs Gråa Sång">Gråbergs Gråa Sång</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Gr%C3%A5bergs_Gr%C3%A5a_S%C3%A5ng" title="User talk:Gråbergs Gråa Sång">talk</a>) 09:07, 16 October 2021 (UTC) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="A_kitten_for_you!"><span id="A_kitten_for_you.21"></span>A kitten for you!</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Apaugasma&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: A kitten for you!"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cute_grey_kitten.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Cute_grey_kitten.jpg/150px-Cute_grey_kitten.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Cute_grey_kitten.jpg/225px-Cute_grey_kitten.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Cute_grey_kitten.jpg/300px-Cute_grey_kitten.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Sorry for all the crap you've been through lately. Kittens are always adorable; editors, less so. <a href="/wiki/User:Levivich" title="User:Levivich">Levivich</a> 17:17, 25 January 2022 (UTC) <br style="clear: both;" /> </p> <table style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tireless_Contributor_Barnstar_Hires.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Tireless_Contributor_Barnstar_Hires.gif/100px-Tireless_Contributor_Barnstar_Hires.gif" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Tireless_Contributor_Barnstar_Hires.gif/150px-Tireless_Contributor_Barnstar_Hires.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Tireless_Contributor_Barnstar_Hires.gif/200px-Tireless_Contributor_Barnstar_Hires.gif 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="240" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;"><b>The Tireless Contributor Barnstar</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;">For finding many PaullyMatthews socks. You must happen to take interest in the area the socks edit in since I have not seen any myself since my own report. ― <a href="/wiki/User:Blaze_Wolf" title="User:Blaze Wolf"><b style="background:#0d1125;color:#51aeff;padding:1q;border-radius:5q;">Blaze Wolf</b></a><a href="/wiki/User_talk:Blaze_Wolf" title="User talk:Blaze Wolf"><sup>Talk</sup></a><sub title="Discord Username" style="margin-left:-22q;">Blaze Wolf#6545</sub> 01:11, 1 February 2022 (UTC) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Brill_and_Encyclopaedia_of_Islam">Brill and Encyclopaedia of Islam</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Apaugasma&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Brill and Encyclopaedia of Islam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a sometime follower of the ANI page I wanted to say thanks for the ANI explanation about Brill and the Encyclopaedia of Islam. It was a useful perspective to read. <a href="/wiki/User:Gusfriend" title="User:Gusfriend">Gusfriend</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Gusfriend" title="User talk:Gusfriend">talk</a>) 12:03, 24 February 2022 (UTC) </p> <table style="border: 1px solid grey; background-color: #fdffe7;"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Socratic_Barnstar_Hires.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Socratic_Barnstar_Hires.png/100px-Socratic_Barnstar_Hires.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Socratic_Barnstar_Hires.png/150px-Socratic_Barnstar_Hires.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Socratic_Barnstar_Hires.png/200px-Socratic_Barnstar_Hires.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1900" /></a></span> </td> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td style="font-size: x-large; padding: 0; vertical-align: middle; height: 1.1em;"><b>The Socratic Barnstar</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle; border-top: 1px solid gray;">For excellent epistemological argumentation. <a href="/wiki/User:MarshallKe" title="User:MarshallKe">MarshallKe</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:MarshallKe" title="User talk:MarshallKe">talk</a>) 00:44, 8 March 2022 (UTC) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="A_kitten_for_you!_2"><span id="A_kitten_for_you.21_2"></span>A kitten for you!</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Apaugasma&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: A kitten for you!"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cute_grey_kitten.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Cute_grey_kitten.jpg/150px-Cute_grey_kitten.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Cute_grey_kitten.jpg/225px-Cute_grey_kitten.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Cute_grey_kitten.jpg/300px-Cute_grey_kitten.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>I'm giving you this kitten for your nice works in reverting bad-moves done by <i>stupid-idiot-sockpuppets...</i> </p><p>─ <a href="/wiki/User:TheAafi" title="User:TheAafi"><span style="color:SteelBlue">The Aafī</span></a> <sup><a href="/wiki/User_talk:TheAafi" class="mw-redirect" title="User talk:TheAafi"><span style="color:#80A0FF"><sup>(talk)</sup></span></a></sup> 06:03, 7 July 2022 (UTC) <br style="clear: both;" /> </p> <table style="border: 1px solid #008000; background-color: #d0f0c0;"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:IBAllah.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/IBAllah.PNG/100px-IBAllah.PNG" decoding="async" width="100" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/IBAllah.PNG 1.5x" data-file-width="111" data-file-height="107" /></a></span> </td> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td style="font-size: x-large; color: #21421E; padding: 0; vertical-align: middle; height: 1.1em;"><b>The Islamic Barnstar</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle; border-top: 1px solid #008000;"><span style="color:#21421E">As I suspected, you are indeed extraordinary. And I think you deserve it</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <sup><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"> ꧋ꦩꦣꦪ</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/User:Fazoffic" title="User:Fazoffic"> Fazoffic</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Fazoffic" title="User talk:Fazoffic"> ʖ╎ᓵᔑ∷ᔑ</a>) 03:16, 10 July 2022 (UTC) <table style="border: 1px solid gray; background-color: #fdffe7;"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WikiDefender_Barnstar_Hires.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/WikiDefender_Barnstar_Hires.png/100px-WikiDefender_Barnstar_Hires.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/WikiDefender_Barnstar_Hires.png/150px-WikiDefender_Barnstar_Hires.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/WikiDefender_Barnstar_Hires.png/200px-WikiDefender_Barnstar_Hires.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1900" /></a></span> </td> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td style="font-size: x-large; padding: 0; vertical-align: middle; height: 1.1em;"><b>The Defender of the Wiki Barnstar</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle; border-top: 1px solid gray;">By the authority vested in me by myself it gives me great pleasure to present you with this barnstar in recognition of your repeated, courteous but firm work in maintaining the standards of Wikipedia. This is appreciated. <a href="/wiki/User:Gog_the_Mild" title="User:Gog the Mild">Gog the Mild</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Gog_the_Mild" title="User talk:Gog the Mild">talk</a>) 09:26, 28 August 2022 (UTC) </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kindness_Barnstar_Hires.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Kindness_Barnstar_Hires.png/100px-Kindness_Barnstar_Hires.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Kindness_Barnstar_Hires.png/150px-Kindness_Barnstar_Hires.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Kindness_Barnstar_Hires.png/200px-Kindness_Barnstar_Hires.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1900" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;"><b>The Random Acts of Kindness Barnstar</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;">Thanks for your welcome message with the useful resources and the warm cookies. <a href="/wiki/User:Pouria.T" title="User:Pouria.T">Pouria.T</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Pouria.T" title="User talk:Pouria.T">talk</a>) 05:32, 23 September 2022 (UTC) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Απαυγασμα_της_δοχης"><span id=".CE.91.CF.80.CE.B1.CF.85.CE.B3.CE.B1.CF.83.CE.BC.CE.B1_.CF.84.CE.B7.CF.82_.CE.B4.CE.BF.CF.87.CE.B7.CF.82"></span>Απαυγασμα της δοχης</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Apaugasma&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Απαυγασμα της δοχης"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hi, nice to have met you recently at MOS:ARABIC. </p><p>Today I saw this, thought of you, and learned a word! <br /> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://dailydoseofgreek.com/scripture-passage/hebrews-1-3a/">https://dailydoseofgreek.com/scripture-passage/hebrews-1-3a/</a> <br /> – <a href="/wiki/User:Fayenatic_london" title="User:Fayenatic london">Fayenatic</a> <a href="/wiki/User_talk:Fayenatic_london" title="User talk:Fayenatic london"><b><span style="color:#FF0000;">L</span></b>ondon</a> 07:57, 13 October 2022 (UTC) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hilf_al_Fudhul">Hilf al Fudhul</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Apaugasma&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Hilf al Fudhul"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Thank you for the corrections and demands that you provided for this page. I tried to answer all your questions, and clarify what was requested. I do sincerly appreciate the way you contributed. <a href="/w/index.php?title=User:RigOLuche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="User:RigOLuche (page does not exist)">RigOLuche</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:RigOLuche" title="User talk:RigOLuche">talk</a>) 16:58, 22 November 2022 (UTC) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alchemy_and_beauty_products">Alchemy and beauty products</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Apaugasma&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Alchemy and beauty products"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sorry, I meant to say beauty products, not beauty hopes. Thank you for catching that! :) <a href="/wiki/User:Patissiereyumeiro" title="User:Patissiereyumeiro">Patissiereyumeiro</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Patissiereyumeiro" title="User talk:Patissiereyumeiro">talk</a>) 05:41, 7 December 2022 (UTC) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weird_question">Weird question</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Apaugasma&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Weird question"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>...ever considered running? I believe you have handled the Theguywholearnhistory-Wareno case quite admirably. I've witnessed many disputes and conflicts on WP but I've scarcely seen an editor responding so concisely and skilfully before; in this case, I could not have responded better. You seem to have all the knowledge, experience and prowess to carry the mob, so why not give it a shot? <a href="/wiki/User:Colonestarrice" title="User:Colonestarrice">Colonestarrice</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Colonestarrice" title="User talk:Colonestarrice">talk</a>) 03:25, 8 December 2022 (UTC) </p> <table style="border: 1px solid gray; background-color: #fdffe7;"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Barnstar_of_Diligence.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Barnstar_of_Diligence.png/100px-Barnstar_of_Diligence.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Barnstar_of_Diligence.png 1.5x" data-file-width="111" data-file-height="107" /></a></span> </td> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td style="font-size: x-large; padding: 0; vertical-align: middle; height: 1.1em;"><b>The Barnstar of Diligence</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle; border-top: 1px solid gray;">A small reward for your expert-level edits to the early Islamic topic area, and thoughtful, in-depth, engagements with other contributors to this space. Your initiative, guidance, and commitment to quality is greatly appreciated. <a href="/wiki/User:Al_Ameer_son" title="User:Al Ameer son">Al Ameer</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Al_Ameer_son" title="User talk:Al Ameer son">talk</a>) 17:37, 16 February 2023 (UTC) </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Barnstar_of_Reversion_Hires.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Barnstar_of_Reversion_Hires.png/100px-Barnstar_of_Reversion_Hires.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Barnstar_of_Reversion_Hires.png/150px-Barnstar_of_Reversion_Hires.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Barnstar_of_Reversion_Hires.png/200px-Barnstar_of_Reversion_Hires.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1900" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;"><b>The Anti-Vandalism Barnstar</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;">Thanks for watching the featured article today. Surprised it isn't protected, but I guess when you're on the job we're safe. <a href="/wiki/User:78.26" title="User:78.26"><span style="border:1px solid black;color:red; padding:1px;background:1h5h1h; color: #008B8B;"><b>78.26</b></span></a> <sub>(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:78.26" title="User talk:78.26">spin me</a> / <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/78.26" title="Special:Contributions/78.26">revolutions</a>)</sub> 23:49, 13 April 2023 (UTC) </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tireless_Contributor_Barnstar_Hires.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Tireless_Contributor_Barnstar_Hires.gif/100px-Tireless_Contributor_Barnstar_Hires.gif" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Tireless_Contributor_Barnstar_Hires.gif/150px-Tireless_Contributor_Barnstar_Hires.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Tireless_Contributor_Barnstar_Hires.gif/200px-Tireless_Contributor_Barnstar_Hires.gif 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="240" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;"><b>The Tireless Contributor Barnstar</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;">I meant to send this a while ago (back in March!), but it completely slipped my mind. Thank you for your consistently fluent well-researched edits and your kind and thoughtful talk page messages. :3 <a href="/wiki/User:Freedom4U" title="User:Freedom4U">F4U</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Freedom4U" title="User talk:Freedom4U">they</a><a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/Freedom4U" title="Special:Contributions/Freedom4U">/it</a>) 22:16, 23 July 2023 (UTC) </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1256386598"> <div style="margin-left:0"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-archivedtalk mw-collapsed" style="color:inherit; background: transparent; text-align: left; border: 1px solid Silver; margin: 0.2em auto auto; width:100%; clear: both; padding: 1px;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="cot-header-other" style="background:#bddafc; font-size:87%; padding:0.2em 0.3em; text-align:center; color:#202122"><div style="font-size:115%;margin:0 4em">Explanation of my username</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; border: solid 1px Silver; padding: 0.6em; background: var(--background-color-base, #fff);"> <p><b>Apaugasma</b> (<span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">ἀπαύγασμα</span></span>) is an <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">ancient Greek</a> word derived from <i>apō</i> (<span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">ἀπό</span></span>, meaning "from") and <i>augē</i> (<span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">αὐγή</span></span>, meaning, a.o., "sunlight", "bright light", "brightness", "gleam"; also, "dawn") or <i>augazō</i> (<span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">αὐγάζω</span></span>, meaning, a.o., "illumine", "shine", "reflect"), combined with the suffix <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-%CE%BC%CE%B1#Suffix" class="extiw" title="wikt:-μα"> <i>-ma</i></a> (<span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">-μα</span></span>, denoting the result or the product of something). Thus, it means something like 'what results from bright light', i.e., "a portion of bright light", "a gleam of light" (cf. <a href="/wiki/A_Greek%E2%80%93English_Lexicon" title="A Greek–English Lexicon">LSJ</a>: "radiance", "effulgence", "light beaming from a luminous body"), or "a reflection". </p><p>It is perhaps most famous for its appearance in the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> book <a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Hebrews" title="Epistle to the Hebrews">Hebrews</a> (second half of first century CE) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://classic.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews%201&version=NRSV;SBLGNT">1:3</a> "He [sc. Christ] is the reflection [<i>apaugasma</i>] of God’s glory and the exact imprint of God’s very being, and he sustains all things by his powerful word [...]" (tr. NRSV). </p><p>However, it was first used in the <a href="/wiki/Biblical_apocrypha" title="Biblical apocrypha">apocryphal</a> Bible book <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Wisdom" title="Book of Wisdom">Wisdom of Solomon</a> (c. 100 BCE – 100 CE) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://classic.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Wisdom+7&version=NRSV">7:26</a> "For she [sc. the world-creating <a href="/wiki/Sophia_(wisdom)" title="Sophia (wisdom)">Wisdom</a>, Greek <i>sophia</i>] is a reflection [<i>apaugasma</i>] of eternal light, a spotless mirror of the working of God, and an image of his goodness" (tr. NRSV). </p><p>It was also used several times by the Jewish philosopher <a href="/wiki/Philo_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Philo of Alexandria">Philo of Alexandria</a> (c. 20 BCE – c. 50 CE). See <i>De specialibus legibus</i> 4:123 "as for that which was breathed in [i.e., the breath of life in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://classic.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+2&version=NRSV">Genesis 2:7</a>, which Philo identified with the rational soul], it is clear that it was an ethereal spirit [<i>aitherion pneuma</i>], or if there is something better than an ethereal spirit, a portion of light [<i>apaugasma</i>] from the blessed and thrice-blessed nature" (my tr.). See also Philo, <i>De opificio mundi</i> 146 "[...] in what concerns the mind, every human being is intimately related to the divine Word [<i>logos</i>], having come into being as an impression, a detached particle [<i>apospasma</i>], a portion of light [<i>apaugasma</i>] from the blessed nature [...]" (my tr.). See also Philo, <i>De plantatione</i> 50. </p><p>While some <a href="/wiki/Middle_Platonism" title="Middle Platonism">Platonizing</a> elements are clearly present (i.e., the identification of the divine with an eternal light, of which all other things are only reflections, images, or impressions), these seem to be understood within the materialist theoretical framework of <a href="/wiki/Stoic_physics" title="Stoic physics">Stoic physics</a>, in which both the light and the reflections become corporeal substances. What appears to be at play here is the Stoic idea that the human soul is a detached particle (Gr. <i>apospasma</i>) of the world-creating (i.e., <a href="/wiki/Demiurge" title="Demiurge">demiurgical</a> or craftsman-like), divine, all-pervading, ethereal (i.e., very thin and fine, like the <a href="/wiki/Aether_(classical_element)" title="Aether (classical element)"><i>aithēr</i></a> or "upper air") but still corporeal, active cause or "nature" (<i>phusis</i>), which was fire according to <a href="/wiki/Zeno_of_Citium" title="Zeno of Citium">Zeno of Citium</a>, heat or flame (<i>flox</i>) according to <a href="/wiki/Cleanthes" title="Cleanthes">Cleanthes</a>, <i>pneuma</i> ("breath", "spirit") or <i>augē</i> ("gleam") according to <a href="/wiki/Chrysippus" title="Chrysippus">Chrysippus</a>, and a corporeal <i><a href="/wiki/Logos" title="Logos">logos</a></i> (a.o., "proportion", "ratio", "rational discourse", "reason", "word") according to all Stoic philosophers. </p><p>In the scriptural sources (Wisdom of Solomon and Hebrews), this Stoic conceptualization was assimilated to the pre-existing Biblical notion of the divine spirit. However, in the Biblical view, the divine spirit is not identical to God (as it is in the Stoic view), but rather proceeds from God as His word or breath, and is granted only to the pious (see, e.g., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://classic.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+11&version=NRSV">Isaiah 11:2</a>). As a consequence, the world-creating principle of the scriptural sources (<a href="/wiki/Sophia_(wisdom)" title="Sophia (wisdom)">Lady Wisdom</a>, or the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christianity" title="Holy Spirit in Christianity">Spirit of Christ</a>) has itself become an <i>apaugasma</i> (from the eternal light of God Himself), and is not an individual soul but rather a kind of 'super-soul' which would descend only on devout believers. Philo, by contrast, in a way stayed closer to the Stoic concept by identifying the divine spirit directly with the rational soul which God has breathed into every human being, though for him this divine in-breathed spirit was not a portion of the light of God Himself, but rather from His creative Word. </p><p>The Stoic concept of a subtle but corporeal world-creating principle which is the active cause informing and holding together all material things (and also, though much less often, the idea that the human soul is itself an <i>apaugasma</i> of that luminous active principle) was picked up by some <a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church Fathers</a> and a range of <a href="/wiki/Late_antique" class="mw-redirect" title="Late antique">late antique</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medieval" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval">medieval</a> philosophers. It would be especially influential among those interested in <a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">alchemy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Magic_(supernatural)" title="Magic (supernatural)">magical</a> properties (see, e.g., the <i><a href="/wiki/Emerald_Tablet" title="Emerald Tablet">Emerald Tablet</a></i>). Its persistence as a physical theory may be gauged from the fact that a version of it was still cited by <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a> (1642–1726/27), who in the concluding paragraph of the third (1726) edition of his <a href="/wiki/Philosophi%C3%A6_Naturalis_Principia_Mathematica" title="Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica"><i>Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy</i></a> added a brief note "concerning a certain very subtle spirit pervading gross bodies and lying hidden in them", by whose "force and actions, the particles of bodies attract one another at very small distances and cohere when they become contiguous" (tr. Cohen, Whitman, and Budenz 1999). </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238436933">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation" style="border:1px solid #ffc9c9; background-color:#fffff3; margin-left:0; margin-right:0;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-empty-cell"></td><td class="mbox-text" style="font-size:85%; text-align:center;"><b>This is a <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span>Wiki</span><span>pedia</span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages" title="Wikipedia:User pages">user page</a>.</b><br />This is not an encyclopedia article or the talk page for an encyclopedia article. If you find this page on any site other than <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span>Wiki</span><span>pedia</span>,</span> you are viewing a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mirrors_and_forks" title="Wikipedia:Mirrors and forks">mirror site</a>. Be aware that the page may be outdated and that the user whom this page is about may have no personal affiliation with any site other than <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span>Wiki</span><span>pedia</span></span>. The original page is located at <span class="plainlinks" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Apaugasma"><span>https://en.wiki</span><span>pedia.org/wi</span><span>ki/User:Apaugasma</span></a>.</span></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Apaugasma&oldid=1235981673">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Apaugasma&oldid=1235981673</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedians_with_alternative_accounts" title="Category:Wikipedians with alternative accounts">Wikipedians with alternative accounts</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 22 July 2024, at 07:12<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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