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Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heronsball" title="Heronsball – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Heronsball" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84" title="أيوليبيل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أيوليبيل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eol%C3%ADpila" title="Eolípila – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Eolípila" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eol%C3%ADpila" title="Eolípila – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Eolípila" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeolipile" title="Aeolipile – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Aeolipile" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herons_dampkugle" title="Herons dampkugle – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Herons dampkugle" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heronsball" title="Heronsball – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Heronsball" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%8C%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B1" title="Αιολόσφαιρα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αιολόσφαιρα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eol%C3%ADpila" title="Eolípila – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Eolípila" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eolipilo" title="Eolipilo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Eolipilo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eolipila" title="Eolipila – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eolipila" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84" title="آیولیپایل – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آیولیپایل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89olipyle" title="Éolipyle – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Éolipyle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heronova_kugla" title="Heronova kugla – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Heronova kugla" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eolipilo" title="Eolipilo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Eolipilo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eimsn%C3%A6lda" title="Eimsnælda – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Eimsnælda" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eolipila" title="Eolipila – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Eolipila" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A1" title="כדור איאולוס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כדור איאולוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiolup%C3%BCl%C3%A9" title="Aiolupülé – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Aiolupülé" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Херонова кугла – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Херонова кугла" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeolipile" title="Aeolipile – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aeolipile" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B9%E3%81%AE%E7%90%83" title="アイオロスの球 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アイオロスの球" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eolipil" title="Eolipil – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Eolipil" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eolipil" title="Eolipil – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Eolipil" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bania_Herona" title="Bania Herona – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bania Herona" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eol%C3%ADpila" title="Eolípila – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eolípila" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Геронов шар – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Геронов шар" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeolipile" title="Aeolipile – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Aeolipile" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heronova_kugla" title="Heronova kugla – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Heronova kugla" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eolipil" title="Eolipil – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Eolipil" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeolipile" title="Aeolipile – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Aeolipile" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF" title="ஆவிவேக மானி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆவிவேக மானி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Геронова куля – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Геронова куля" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84" title="ایولیپائل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایولیپائل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%89%E7%90%83" title="汽轉球 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="汽轉球" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q338613#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> 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For the game engine and server technology platform, see <a href="/wiki/HeroEngine" title="HeroEngine">HeroEngine</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aeolipile_illustration.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Aeolipile_illustration.png/220px-Aeolipile_illustration.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="334" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Aeolipile_illustration.png/330px-Aeolipile_illustration.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Aeolipile_illustration.png/440px-Aeolipile_illustration.png 2x" data-file-width="471" data-file-height="714" /></a><figcaption>An illustration of Hero's aeolipile</figcaption></figure> <p>An <b>aeolipile</b>, <b>aeolipyle</b>, or <b>eolipile</b>, from the Greek "Αἰόλου πύλη," <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Aeolus gate</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>, also known as a <b>Hero's</b> (or <b>Heron's</b>) <b>engine</b>, is a simple, bladeless <a href="/wiki/Radial_turbine" title="Radial turbine">radial steam turbine</a> which spins when the central water container is heated. <a href="/wiki/Torque" title="Torque">Torque</a> is produced by steam jets exiting the turbine. The <a href="/wiki/Greeks_in_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Greeks in Egypt">Greek-Egyptian</a> <a href="/wiki/Mathematician" title="Mathematician">mathematician</a> and <a href="/wiki/Engineer" title="Engineer">engineer</a> <a href="/wiki/Hero_of_Alexandria" title="Hero of Alexandria">Hero of Alexandria</a> described the device in the 1st century AD, and many sources give him the credit for its invention.<sup id="cite_ref-HeroSteamEngine_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HeroSteamEngine-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, <a href="/wiki/Vitruvius" title="Vitruvius">Vitruvius</a> was the first to describe this appliance in his <i><a href="/wiki/De_architectura" title="De architectura">De architectura</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 30-20 BC</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The aeolipile is considered to be the first recorded <a href="/wiki/Steam_engine" title="Steam engine">steam engine</a> or reaction <a href="/wiki/Steam_turbine" title="Steam turbine">steam turbine</a>, but it is neither a practical source of power nor a direct predecessor of the type of steam engine invented during the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The name – derived from the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Greek</a> word Αἴολος and <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> word <i>pila</i> – translates to "the ball of <a href="/wiki/Aeolus" title="Aeolus">Aeolus</a>", Aeolus being the <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek god</a> of the air and wind. </p><p>Because it applies steam to perform work, an Aeolipile (depicted in profile) is used as the symbol for the U.S. Navy's Boiler Technician Rate, as it was for the earlier Watertender, Boilermaker, and Boilerman ratings. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Physics">Physics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aeolipile&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Physics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Herosenginesmall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Herosenginesmall.jpg/220px-Herosenginesmall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Herosenginesmall.jpg/330px-Herosenginesmall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Herosenginesmall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="429" data-file-height="354" /></a><figcaption>A classroom model of an aeolipile</figcaption></figure> <p>The aeolipile usually consists of a spherical or cylindrical vessel with oppositely bent or curved <a href="/wiki/Nozzle" title="Nozzle">nozzles</a> projecting outwards. It is designed to rotate on its axis. When the vessel is pressurised with steam, the gas is expelled out of the nozzles, which generates thrust due to the <a href="/wiki/Rocket_engine" title="Rocket engine">rocket</a> principle<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as a consequence of the 2nd and 3rd of <a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_laws_of_motion" title="Newton's laws of motion">Newton's laws of motion</a>. When the nozzles, pointing in different directions, produce forces along different lines of action perpendicular to the axis of the <a href="/wiki/Bearing_(mechanical)" title="Bearing (mechanical)">bearings</a>, the thrusts combine to result in a rotational moment (mechanical <a href="/wiki/Couple_(mechanics)" title="Couple (mechanics)">couple</a>), or <a href="/wiki/Torque" title="Torque">torque</a>, causing the vessel to spin about its axis. Aerodynamic drag and frictional forces in the bearings build up quickly with increasing rotational speed (<a href="/wiki/Revolutions_per_minute" title="Revolutions per minute">rpm</a>) and consume the accelerating torque, eventually cancelling it and achieving a <a href="/wiki/Steady_state" title="Steady state">steady state</a> speed. </p><p>Typically, and as Hero described the device, the water is heated in a simple <a href="/wiki/Boiler" title="Boiler">boiler</a> which forms part of a stand for the rotating vessel. Where this is the case, the boiler is connected to the rotating chamber by a pair of pipes that also serve as the <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Pivot" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Pivot">pivots</a> for the chamber. Alternatively the rotating chamber may itself serve as the boiler, and this arrangement greatly simplifies the pivot/bearing arrangements, as they then do not need to pass steam. This can be seen in the illustration of a classroom model shown here. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aeolipile&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aeolipile_(from_Pneumatica).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Aeolipile_%28from_Pneumatica%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="204" height="234" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="204" data-file-height="234" /></a><figcaption>Illustration from Hero's <i>Pneumatica</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Both Hero and Vitruvius draw on the much earlier work by <a href="/wiki/Ctesibius" title="Ctesibius">Ctesibius</a> (285–222 BC), also known as Ktēsíbios or Tesibius, who was an inventor and mathematician in <a href="/wiki/Alexandria" title="Alexandria">Alexandria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_Kingdom" title="Ptolemaic Kingdom">Ptolemaic Egypt</a>. He wrote the first treatises on the science of compressed air and its uses in pumps. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vitruvius's_description"><span id="Vitruvius.27s_description"></span>Vitruvius's description</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aeolipile&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Vitruvius's description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Vitruvius" title="Vitruvius">Vitruvius</a> (c. 80 BC – c. 15 BC) mentions aeolipiles by name: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Aeolipilae are hollow brazen vessels, which have an opening or mouth of small size, by means of which they can be filled with water. Prior to the water being heated over the fire, but little wind is emitted. As soon, however, as the water begins to boil, a violent wind issues forth.<sup id="cite_ref-Vitruvius_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vitruvius-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hero's_description"><span id="Hero.27s_description"></span>Hero's description</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aeolipile&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Hero's description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hero (c. 10–70 AD) takes a more practical approach, in that he gives instructions how to make one: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>No. 50. The Steam-Engine. PLACE a cauldron over a fire: a ball shall revolve on a pivot. A fire is ignited under a cauldron, A B, (fig. 50), containing water, and covered at the mouth by the lid C D; with this the bent tube E F G communicates, the extremity of the tube being fitted into a hollow ball, H K. Opposite to the extremity G place a pivot, L M, resting on the lid C D; and let the ball contain two bent pipes, communicating with it at the opposite extremities of a diameter, and bent in opposite directions, the bends being at right angles and across the lines F G, L M. As the cauldron gets hot it will be found that the steam, entering the ball through E F G, passes out through the bent tubes towards the lid, and causes the ball to revolve, as in the case of the dancing figures.<sup id="cite_ref-HeroSteamEngine_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HeroSteamEngine-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Practical_usage">Practical usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aeolipile&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Practical usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aeolipile.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Aeolipile.jpg" decoding="async" width="189" height="351" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="189" data-file-height="351" /></a><figcaption>A modern replica of Hero's aeolipile.</figcaption></figure> <p>It is not known whether the aeolipile was put to any practical use in ancient times, and if it was seen as a pragmatic device, a whimsical novelty, an object of reverence, or some other thing. A source described it as a mere <a href="/wiki/Curiosity" title="Curiosity">curiosity</a> for the ancient Greeks, or a "party trick".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hero's drawing shows a standalone device, and was presumably intended as a "temple wonder", like many of the other devices described in <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pneumatica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pneumatica (page does not exist)">Pneumatica</a></i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2017)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-HeroSteamEngine_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HeroSteamEngine-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Vitruvius" title="Vitruvius">Vitruvius</a>, on the other hand, mentions use of the aeolipile for demonstrating the physical properties of the weather. He describes them as: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>brazen æolipylæ, which clearly shew that an attentive examination of human inventions often leads to a knowledge of the general laws of nature.<sup id="cite_ref-Vitruvius_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vitruvius-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>After describing the device's construction (see above) he concludes: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Thus a simple experiment enables us to ascertain and determine the causes and effects of the great operations of the heavens and the winds.<sup id="cite_ref-Vitruvius_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vitruvius-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In 1543, <a href="/wiki/Blasco_de_Garay" title="Blasco de Garay">Blasco de Garay</a>, a scientist and a captain in the Spanish navy, allegedly demonstrated before the <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V</a> and a committee of high officials an invention he claimed could propel large ships in the absence of wind using an apparatus consisted of copper boiler and moving wheels on either side of the ship.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This account was preserved by the royal Spanish archives at <a href="/wiki/Simancas" title="Simancas">Simancas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is proposed that de Garay used Hero's aeolipile and combined it with the technology used in Roman boats and late medieval galleys.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Here, de Garay's invention introduced an innovation where the aeolipile had practical usage, which was to generate motion to the paddlewheels, demonstrating the feasibility of steam-driven boats.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This claim was denied by Spanish authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-MuseoNaval_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MuseoNaval-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aeolipile&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Aeolipile" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Aeolipile">Aeolipile</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_wheel_(firework)" title="Catherine wheel (firework)">Catherine wheel (firework)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_engine" title="Rocket engine">Rocket engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segner_wheel" title="Segner wheel">Segner wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_engine" title="Steam engine">Steam engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_locomotive" title="Steam locomotive">Steam locomotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_rocket" title="Steam rocket">Steam rocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tip_jet" title="Tip jet">Tip jet</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aeolipile&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-HeroSteamEngine-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HeroSteamEngine_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HeroSteamEngine_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HeroSteamEngine_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHero1851" class="citation cs2">Hero (1851), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120211223728/http://www.history.rochester.edu/steam/hero/section50.html">"Section 50 – The Steam Engine"</a>, <i>The Pneumatics of Hero of Alexandria</i>, translated by Bennet Woodcroft, London: Taylor Walton and Maberly, <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1851phal.book.....W">1851phal.book.....W</a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.rochester.edu/steam/hero/section50.html">the original</a> on 11 February 2012 – via University of Rochester</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Section+50+%E2%80%93+The+Steam+Engine&rft.btitle=The+Pneumatics+of+Hero+of+Alexandria&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Taylor+Walton+and+Maberly&rft.date=1851&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1851phal.book.....W&rft.au=Hero&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.rochester.edu%2Fsteam%2Fhero%2Fsection50.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAeolipile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHero1899" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Hero_of_Alexandria" title="Hero of Alexandria">Hero</a> (1899). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/heronsvonalexandhero#page/228/mode/2up">"Pneumatika, Book II, Chapter XI"</a>. <i>Herons von Alexandria Druckwerke und Automatentheater</i> (in Greek and German). Wilhelm Schmidt (translator). Leipzig: B.G. Teubner. pp. 228–232.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pneumatika%2C+Book+II%2C+Chapter+XI&rft.btitle=Herons+von+Alexandria+Druckwerke+und+Automatentheater&rft.place=Leipzig&rft.pages=228-232&rft.pub=B.G.+Teubner&rft.date=1899&rft.au=Hero&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fheronsvonalexandhero%23page%2F228%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAeolipile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kirk, William. "The geographical significance of Vitruvius’ de architectura." Scottish Geographical Magazine 69.1 (1953): 1-10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"This toy [Aeolipile] was not the forerunner of any real steam engine, then or later. Such devices represent technical ingenuity but not technological progress." See <a href="/wiki/A._G._Drachmann" title="A. G. Drachmann">A. G. Drachmann</a>, <i>The Classical Civilization</i>, pp. 55–56.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/A/aeolipile.html">Aeolipile</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vitruvius-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Vitruvius_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vitruvius_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vitruvius_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVitruvius2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Vitruvius" title="Vitruvius">Vitruvius</a> (17 May 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Vitruvius/1*.html"><i>De Architectura, book 1</i></a>. Ten Books on Architecture. Chapter VI, paragraph 2 (pages 24–25)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=De+Architectura%2C+book+1&rft.series=Ten+Books+on+Architecture&rft.pages=Chapter+VI%2C+paragraph+2+%28pages+24-25%29&rft.date=2008-05-17&rft.au=Vitruvius&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpenelope.uchicago.edu%2FThayer%2FE%2FRoman%2FTexts%2FVitruvius%2F1%2A.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAeolipile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGruntman2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Gruntman" title="Mike Gruntman">Gruntman, Mike</a> (2004). <i>Blazing the Trail: The Early History of Spacecraft and Rocketry</i>. Reston, VA: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. p. 1. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/156347705X" title="Special:BookSources/156347705X"><bdi>156347705X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Blazing+the+Trail%3A+The+Early+History+of+Spacecraft+and+Rocketry&rft.place=Reston%2C+VA&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=American+Institute+of+Aeronautics+and+Astronautics%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=156347705X&rft.aulast=Gruntman&rft.aufirst=Mike&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAeolipile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKitsikopoulos2015" class="citation book cs1">Kitsikopoulos, Harry (2015). <i>Innovation and Technological Diffusion: An economic history of early steam engines</i>. Oxon: Routledge. p. 5. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781138948112" title="Special:BookSources/9781138948112"><bdi>9781138948112</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Innovation+and+Technological+Diffusion%3A+An+economic+history+of+early+steam+engines&rft.place=Oxon&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781138948112&rft.aulast=Kitsikopoulos&rft.aufirst=Harry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAeolipile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStone2015" class="citation book cs1">Stone, Joe (2015). <i>Floating Palaces of the Great Lakes: A History of Passenger Steamships on the Inland Seas</i>. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780472071753" title="Special:BookSources/9780472071753"><bdi>9780472071753</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Floating+Palaces+of+the+Great+Lakes%3A+A+History+of+Passenger+Steamships+on+the+Inland+Seas&rft.place=Ann+Arbor&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9780472071753&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Joe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAeolipile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MuseoNaval-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MuseoNaval_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Museo Naval, Catálogo guia del Museo Naval de Madrid, IX edición, Madrid, 1945, page 128.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aeolipile&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1">Maloney, Dan (6 October 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hackaday.com/2020/10/06/making-a-modern-version-of-a-steam-engine-from-antiquity/">"Making a Modern Version of a Steam Engine From Antiquity"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hackaday" title="Hackaday">Hackaday</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hackaday&rft.atitle=Making+a+Modern+Version+of+a+Steam+Engine+From+Antiquity&rft.date=2020-10-06&rft.aulast=Maloney&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhackaday.com%2F2020%2F10%2F06%2Fmaking-a-modern-version-of-a-steam-engine-from-antiquity%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAeolipile" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1">Keyser, Paul (1 June 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www3.nd.edu/~powers/ame.20231/keyser1990.pdf">"A New Look at Heron's "Steam Engine"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/University_of_Notre_Dame" title="University of Notre Dame">University of Notre Dame</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Notre+Dame&rft.atitle=A+New+Look+at+Heron%27s+%22Steam+Engine%22&rft.date=1992-06-01&rft.aulast=Keyser&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww3.nd.edu%2F~powers%2Fame.20231%2Fkeyser1990.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAeolipile" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aeolipile&oldid=1254468441">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aeolipile&oldid=1254468441</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_thermodynamics" title="Category:History of thermodynamics">History of thermodynamics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Steam_engines" title="Category:Steam engines">Steam engines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rocket_engines" title="Category:Rocket engines">Rocket engines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Industrial_design" title="Category:Industrial design">Industrial design</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hellenistic_engineering" title="Category:Hellenistic engineering">Hellenistic engineering</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Early_rocketry" title="Category:Early rocketry">Early rocketry</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_inventions" title="Category:Ancient inventions">Ancient inventions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Egyptian_technology" title="Category:Ancient Egyptian technology">Ancient Egyptian technology</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Egyptian_inventions" title="Category:Egyptian inventions">Egyptian inventions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_technology" title="Category:History of technology">History of technology</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Greek-language_sources_(el)" title="Category:CS1 Greek-language sources (el)">CS1 Greek-language sources (el)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_January_2021" title="Category:Use dmy dates from January 2021">Use dmy dates from January 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_clarification_from_April_2017" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification from April 2017">Wikipedia articles needing clarification from April 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 31 October 2024, at 03:37<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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