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class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Birgitta Hoffmann" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/21750/7252/19256636/s200_birgitta.hoffmann.png" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Birgitta Hoffmann</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" 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data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-authors</p><p class="data">7</p></div></a><a href="/BirgittaHoffmann/mentions"><div class="stat-container"><p class="label">Mentions</p><p class="data">126</p></div></a><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="user-bio-container"><div class="profile-bio fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;">EDUCATION: <br /> <br />1989:    <br />Zwischenprüfung in Ancient History (Universität Freiburg) <br />1990:    <br />Zwischenprüfung in Provincial-Roman Archaeology (Universität Freiburg) <br />1990:    <br />Zwischenprüfung in Early Medieval Archaeology and Prehistory (Universität Freiburg) <br /> <br />1992:    <br />MA. with distinction, in Roman Archaeology (University of Durham, UK) <br /> (Thesis Title: Roman Legionary Centurion's Quarters) <br /> <br />1996:  <br />Dr. Phil. summa cum laude, in Provincial-Roman Archaeology (Universität Freiburg, Germany) <br /> (Title: Römisches Glas aus Baden- Württemberg aus ausgewählten Befunden von 70 – 260) <br /> (Roman Glass from Baden-Württemberg from selected contexts 70-260AD)) <br /> <br />2005:    <br />Postgraduate Certificate in Higher Education  (University of Manchester) <br /> <br />Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London<br /><span class="u-fw700">Phone: </span>0161 - 300 5532<br /><b>Address: </b>The Roman Gask Project <br />55 Broadwalk <br />Wilmslow, Cheshire <br />SK9 5PL <br />United Kingdom<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span><a class="ri-more-link js-profile-ri-list-card" data-click-track="profile-user-info-primary-research-interest" data-has-card-for-ri-list="21750">View All (28)</a></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="21750" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://independent.academia.edu/BirgittaHoffmann","location":"/BirgittaHoffmann","scheme":"https","host":"independent.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/BirgittaHoffmann","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Archaeology"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-32b169ff-bd4b-4b5a-8003-6031b8eadc24"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-32b169ff-bd4b-4b5a-8003-6031b8eadc24"></div> </a><a 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href="https://www.academia.edu/55604522/Roman_Perthshire_in_Iron_Age_In_Perth_and_Kinross_Archaeological_Research_Framework_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Roman Perthshire in Iron Age. In Perth & Kinross Archaeological Research Framework:" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/55604522/Roman_Perthshire_in_Iron_Age_In_Perth_and_Kinross_Archaeological_Research_Framework_">Roman Perthshire in Iron Age. In Perth & Kinross Archaeological Research Framework:</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Perth& Kinross Archaeological Research Framework</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Substantial contributions to the Roman Chapter of the Perth & Kinross Archaeological Reserch Fram...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Substantial contributions to the Roman Chapter of the Perth & Kinross Archaeological Reserch Framework to published in Spring 2022 by  Perth and Kinross Heritage Trust</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="55604522"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="55604522"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 55604522; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=55604522]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=55604522]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 55604522; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='55604522']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 55604522, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=55604522]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":55604522,"title":"Roman Perthshire in Iron Age. 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However, the glen is full of archaeological sites, many of which have not been documented. In addition, from the 15th century onwards there is written evidence on the land use and settlement in the glen in the archives (more of that another time), a lot of which can be matched up to the archaeological record. We thus have the opportunity of reconstructing and providing dates for a number of the sites in the valley without having to revert to excavations in the first place.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f0267358569d9a1c6660fd688830ce80" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":57079095,"asset_id":37128702,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57079095/download_file?st=MTczNDA0MTU5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37128702"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37128702"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37128702; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37128702]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37128702]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37128702; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37128702']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37128702, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f0267358569d9a1c6660fd688830ce80" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37128702]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37128702,"title":"Roman Gask Project Research Outline 2018","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"The glen is partially part of the Cairngorms and even outside the National Park sports some amazing landscape views and is one of the few areas in Britain where you can see White-tailed eagles and adders (we can confirm sightings for both), so we do not expect to get permission to conduct invasive fieldwork from the landowners or from Historic Environment Scotland. 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Stroud: Tempus 2006</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="172316"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="172316"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 172316; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=172316]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=172316]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 172316; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='172316']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 172316, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=172316]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":172316,"title":"Rome's First Frontier. 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Archäologie und Geschichte Band 11. Stuttgart: Jan Thorbecke Verlag 2002." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/172314/R%C3%B6misches_Glas_in_Baden_W%C3%BCrttemberg_Arch%C3%A4ologie_und_Geschichte_Band_11_Stuttgart_Jan_Thorbecke_Verlag_2002">Römisches Glas in Baden-Württemberg. Archäologie und Geschichte Band 11. 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Proceedings of the XVIIIth International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies held in Amman, Jordan (September 2000). BAR Int. Ser. 1084. Oxford: Archaeopress 2002" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/172315/Limes_XVIII_Proceedings_of_the_XVIIIth_International_Congress_of_Roman_Frontier_Studies_held_in_Amman_Jordan_September_2000_BAR_Int_Ser_1084_Oxford_Archaeopress_2002">Limes XVIII. Proceedings of the XVIIIth International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies held in Amman, Jordan (September 2000). BAR Int. Ser. 1084. Oxford: Archaeopress 2002</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="172315"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="172315"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 172315; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=172315]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=172315]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 172315; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='172315']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 172315, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=172315]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":172315,"title":"Limes XVIII. Proceedings of the XVIIIth International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies held in Amman, Jordan (September 2000). BAR Int. Ser. 1084. 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C. Boon's work on fortresses and legions - RICHARD J. BREWER (ed.), ROMAN FORTRESSES AND THEIR LEGIONS. PAPERS IN HONOUR OF GEORGE C. BOON, FSA, FRHistS (Occasional Papers of the Society of Antiquaries of London, No. 20; Society of Antiquaries of London and National Muse..." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237726/A_conference_honouring_G_C_Boons_work_on_fortresses_and_legions_RICHARD_J_BREWER_ed_ROMAN_FORTRESSES_AND_THEIR_LEGIONS_PAPERS_IN_HONOUR_OF_GEORGE_C_BOON_FSA_FRHistS_Occasional_Papers_of_the_Society_of_Antiquaries_of_London_No_20_Society_of_Antiquaries_of_London_and_National_Muse_">A conference honouring G. C. Boon's work on fortresses and legions - RICHARD J. BREWER (ed.), ROMAN FORTRESSES AND THEIR LEGIONS. PAPERS IN HONOUR OF GEORGE C. BOON, FSA, FRHistS (Occasional Papers of the Society of Antiquaries of London, No. 20; Society of Antiquaries of London and National Muse...</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Roman Archaeology</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="117237726"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="117237726"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237726; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237726]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237726]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237726; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='117237726']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 117237726, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=117237726]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":117237726,"title":"A conference honouring G. 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S. 140, Abb. 23, Taf. 43. ISBN 978-3-9523105-3-3" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237720/The_wooden_finds_from_Vindonissa_RUDOLF_FELLMANN_R%C3%96MISCHE_KLEINFUNDE_AUS_HOLZ_AUS_DEM_LEGIONSLAGER_VINDONISSA_Ver%C3%B6ffentlichungen_der_Gesellschaft_Pro_Vindonissa_Band_XX_Brugg_2009_S_140_Abb_23_Taf_43_ISBN_978_3_9523105_3_3">The wooden finds from Vindonissa - RUDOLF FELLMANN, RÖMISCHE KLEINFUNDE AUS HOLZ AUS DEM LEGIONSLAGER VINDONISSA (Veröffentlichungen der Gesellschaft Pro Vindonissa Band XX, Brugg 2009). S. 140, Abb. 23, Taf. 43. 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Jahrhunderts im Rheingebiet" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237717/Die_Grabstelen_des_2_und_3_Jahrhunderts_im_Rheingebiet">Die Grabstelen des 2. und 3. Jahrhunderts im Rheingebiet</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Britannia</span><span>, 2000</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">without explaining who such people were, or how they might have operated. In his view, it was the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">without explaining who such people were, or how they might have operated. In his view, it was they who deftly blended elements of Roman and Gallic religion (101—5, cf. 241). But where, and to what degree, did they acquire their Roman culture; and how might we relate their knowledge of and priestly activity within their native religion to the suppression of the druids? (D. mentions druids only once, in a footnote on 101.) Indeed, though he claims to be interested in change, here, oddly (because elsewhere he displays a commendably strong grasp of current research), he fails to develop Jane Webster&#39;s work on the relationship between profound social dislocation and the evolution of Roman provincial religion, with its fruitful reference to modern colonial experience. In the event, indeed, D. offers little comparison between GalloRoman religion and, say, voodoo or more orthodox polytheistic systems such as hinduism or shintoism but, despite his criticism of categorization, much that is based on tables and distribution maps.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="117237717"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="117237717"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237717; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237717]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237717]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237717; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='117237717']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 117237717, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=117237717]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":117237717,"title":"Die Grabstelen des 2. und 3. 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Edited by Michael J Klein. 300mm. Pp viii + 160, ill. Mainz: von Zabern, 1999. ISBN 3–80532597–4. DM 68.00" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237715/R%C3%B6mische_Glaskunst_und_Wandmalerei_Edited_by_Michael_J_Klein_300mm_Pp_viii_160_ill_Mainz_von_Zabern_1999_ISBN_3_80532597_4_DM_68_00">Römische Glaskunst und Wandmalerei. Edited by Michael J Klein. 300mm. Pp viii + 160, ill. Mainz: von Zabern, 1999. ISBN 3–80532597–4. DM 68.00</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Antiquaries Journal</span><span>, Sep 1, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">main aspects of mineral extraction. Towns especially benefit from the author&#39;s wide knowledge...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">main aspects of mineral extraction. Towns especially benefit from the author&#39;s wide knowledge of the subject. Here again, the reader is reminded of the more squalid aspects of life in Romano-British towns, providing a salutary counter-balance to the sanitized pictures portrayed in many reconstructions. The author&#39;s unrivalled knowledge of Romano-British towns, however, has led to a certain imbalance in the book. While towns account for twenty-six pages (including nine pages of plans and reconstructions) only six are devoted to villas and rural temples, and five to farming and non-villa settlements. Similarly, in contrast to the fourteen plans and reconstructions of towns, only one, a villa reconstruction, relates to rural settlement. Topics such as imperial estates and centuriation are not discussed, nor is work by Hingley, Millett or Williamson referred to, either in the text or in the further reading section. A useful list of plant remains recorded from York is included, but little reference is made to the results of recent environmental research elsewhere. These omissions are no doubt due to the enormous range of the material covered, which has clearly forced a broad-brush rather than a detailed approach.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="117237715"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="117237715"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237715; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237715]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237715]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237715; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='117237715']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 117237715, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=117237715]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":117237715,"title":"Römische Glaskunst und Wandmalerei. 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Topics such as imperial estates and centuriation are not discussed, nor is work by Hingley, Millett or Williamson referred to, either in the text or in the further reading section. A useful list of plant remains recorded from York is included, but little reference is made to the results of recent environmental research elsewhere. These omissions are no doubt due to the enormous range of the material covered, which has clearly forced a broad-brush rather than a detailed approach.","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":9,"year":2001,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Antiquaries Journal"},"translated_abstract":"main aspects of mineral extraction. Towns especially benefit from the author\u0026#39;s wide knowledge of the subject. Here again, the reader is reminded of the more squalid aspects of life in Romano-British towns, providing a salutary counter-balance to the sanitized pictures portrayed in many reconstructions. The author\u0026#39;s unrivalled knowledge of Romano-British towns, however, has led to a certain imbalance in the book. While towns account for twenty-six pages (including nine pages of plans and reconstructions) only six are devoted to villas and rural temples, and five to farming and non-villa settlements. Similarly, in contrast to the fourteen plans and reconstructions of towns, only one, a villa reconstruction, relates to rural settlement. Topics such as imperial estates and centuriation are not discussed, nor is work by Hingley, Millett or Williamson referred to, either in the text or in the further reading section. A useful list of plant remains recorded from York is included, but little reference is made to the results of recent environmental research elsewhere. 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Here again, the reader is reminded of the more squalid aspects of life in Romano-British towns, providing a salutary counter-balance to the sanitized pictures portrayed in many reconstructions. The author\u0026#39;s unrivalled knowledge of Romano-British towns, however, has led to a certain imbalance in the book. While towns account for twenty-six pages (including nine pages of plans and reconstructions) only six are devoted to villas and rural temples, and five to farming and non-villa settlements. Similarly, in contrast to the fourteen plans and reconstructions of towns, only one, a villa reconstruction, relates to rural settlement. Topics such as imperial estates and centuriation are not discussed, nor is work by Hingley, Millett or Williamson referred to, either in the text or in the further reading section. A useful list of plant remains recorded from York is included, but little reference is made to the results of recent environmental research elsewhere. 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$a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="117237714"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237714/Die_romische_Reichsgrenze_zwischen_Mosel_und_Nordseekuste"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Die romische Reichsgrenze zwischen Mosel und Nordseekuste" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237714/Die_romische_Reichsgrenze_zwischen_Mosel_und_Nordseekuste">Die romische Reichsgrenze zwischen Mosel und Nordseekuste</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Britannia</span><span>, 1997</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="117237714"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="117237714"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237714; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="4071" id="books"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="55604522"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/55604522/Roman_Perthshire_in_Iron_Age_In_Perth_and_Kinross_Archaeological_Research_Framework_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Roman Perthshire in Iron Age. In Perth & Kinross Archaeological Research Framework:" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/55604522/Roman_Perthshire_in_Iron_Age_In_Perth_and_Kinross_Archaeological_Research_Framework_">Roman Perthshire in Iron Age. In Perth & Kinross Archaeological Research Framework:</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Perth& Kinross Archaeological Research Framework</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Substantial contributions to the Roman Chapter of the Perth & Kinross Archaeological Reserch Fram...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Substantial contributions to the Roman Chapter of the Perth & Kinross Archaeological Reserch Framework to published in Spring 2022 by  Perth and Kinross Heritage Trust</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="55604522"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="55604522"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 55604522; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=55604522]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=55604522]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 55604522; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='55604522']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 55604522, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=55604522]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":55604522,"title":"Roman Perthshire in Iron Age. 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In Perth \u0026 Kinross Archaeological Research Framework:"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Roman_Perthshire_in_Iron_Age_In_Perth_and_Kinross_Archaeological_Research_Framework_","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Substantial contributions to the Roman Chapter of the Perth \u0026 Kinross Archaeological Reserch Framework to published in Spring 2022 by Perth and Kinross Heritage Trust","owner":{"id":21750,"first_name":"Birgitta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hoffmann","page_name":"BirgittaHoffmann","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2008-12-04T06:15:13.700-08:00","display_name":"Birgitta Hoffmann","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BirgittaHoffmann"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":13882,"name":"Romans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Romans"},{"id":21324,"name":"Roman Army","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Army"},{"id":182336,"name":"Roman Scotland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Scotland"},{"id":1244484,"name":"Local History of Perthshire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Local_History_of_Perthshire"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="37128702"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/37128702/Roman_Gask_Project_Research_Outline_2018"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Roman Gask Project Research Outline 2018" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57079095/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/37128702/Roman_Gask_Project_Research_Outline_2018">Roman Gask Project Research Outline 2018</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The glen is partially part of the Cairngorms and even outside the National Park sports some amazi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The glen is partially part of the Cairngorms and even outside the National Park sports some amazing landscape views and is one of the few areas in Britain where you can see White-tailed eagles and adders (we can confirm sightings for both), so we do not expect to get permission to conduct invasive fieldwork from the landowners or from Historic Environment Scotland. However, the glen is full of archaeological sites, many of which have not been documented. In addition, from the 15th century onwards there is written evidence on the land use and settlement in the glen in the archives (more of that another time), a lot of which can be matched up to the archaeological record. We thus have the opportunity of reconstructing and providing dates for a number of the sites in the valley without having to revert to excavations in the first place.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f0267358569d9a1c6660fd688830ce80" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":57079095,"asset_id":37128702,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57079095/download_file?st=MTczNDA0MTU5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37128702"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37128702"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37128702; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37128702]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37128702]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37128702; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37128702']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37128702, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f0267358569d9a1c6660fd688830ce80" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37128702]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37128702,"title":"Roman Gask Project Research Outline 2018","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"The glen is partially part of the Cairngorms and even outside the National Park sports some amazing landscape views and is one of the few areas in Britain where you can see White-tailed eagles and adders (we can confirm sightings for both), so we do not expect to get permission to conduct invasive fieldwork from the landowners or from Historic Environment Scotland. 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C. Boon's work on fortresses and legions - RICHARD J. BREWER (ed.), ROMAN FORTRESSES AND THEIR LEGIONS. PAPERS IN HONOUR OF GEORGE C. BOON, FSA, FRHistS (Occasional Papers of the Society of Antiquaries of London, No. 20; Society of Antiquaries of London and National Muse..." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237726/A_conference_honouring_G_C_Boons_work_on_fortresses_and_legions_RICHARD_J_BREWER_ed_ROMAN_FORTRESSES_AND_THEIR_LEGIONS_PAPERS_IN_HONOUR_OF_GEORGE_C_BOON_FSA_FRHistS_Occasional_Papers_of_the_Society_of_Antiquaries_of_London_No_20_Society_of_Antiquaries_of_London_and_National_Muse_">A conference honouring G. C. Boon's work on fortresses and legions - RICHARD J. BREWER (ed.), ROMAN FORTRESSES AND THEIR LEGIONS. PAPERS IN HONOUR OF GEORGE C. 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S. 140, Abb. 23, Taf. 43. ISBN 978-3-9523105-3-3" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237720/The_wooden_finds_from_Vindonissa_RUDOLF_FELLMANN_R%C3%96MISCHE_KLEINFUNDE_AUS_HOLZ_AUS_DEM_LEGIONSLAGER_VINDONISSA_Ver%C3%B6ffentlichungen_der_Gesellschaft_Pro_Vindonissa_Band_XX_Brugg_2009_S_140_Abb_23_Taf_43_ISBN_978_3_9523105_3_3">The wooden finds from Vindonissa - RUDOLF FELLMANN, RÖMISCHE KLEINFUNDE AUS HOLZ AUS DEM LEGIONSLAGER VINDONISSA (Veröffentlichungen der Gesellschaft Pro Vindonissa Band XX, Brugg 2009). S. 140, Abb. 23, Taf. 43. 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Jahrhunderts im Rheingebiet" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237717/Die_Grabstelen_des_2_und_3_Jahrhunderts_im_Rheingebiet">Die Grabstelen des 2. und 3. Jahrhunderts im Rheingebiet</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Britannia</span><span>, 2000</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">without explaining who such people were, or how they might have operated. In his view, it was the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">without explaining who such people were, or how they might have operated. In his view, it was they who deftly blended elements of Roman and Gallic religion (101—5, cf. 241). But where, and to what degree, did they acquire their Roman culture; and how might we relate their knowledge of and priestly activity within their native religion to the suppression of the druids? (D. mentions druids only once, in a footnote on 101.) Indeed, though he claims to be interested in change, here, oddly (because elsewhere he displays a commendably strong grasp of current research), he fails to develop Jane Webster&#39;s work on the relationship between profound social dislocation and the evolution of Roman provincial religion, with its fruitful reference to modern colonial experience. In the event, indeed, D. offers little comparison between GalloRoman religion and, say, voodoo or more orthodox polytheistic systems such as hinduism or shintoism but, despite his criticism of categorization, much that is based on tables and distribution maps.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="117237717"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="117237717"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237717; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237717]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237717]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237717; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='117237717']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 117237717, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=117237717]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":117237717,"title":"Die Grabstelen des 2. und 3. 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Edited by Michael J Klein. 300mm. Pp viii + 160, ill. Mainz: von Zabern, 1999. ISBN 3–80532597–4. DM 68.00" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237715/R%C3%B6mische_Glaskunst_und_Wandmalerei_Edited_by_Michael_J_Klein_300mm_Pp_viii_160_ill_Mainz_von_Zabern_1999_ISBN_3_80532597_4_DM_68_00">Römische Glaskunst und Wandmalerei. Edited by Michael J Klein. 300mm. Pp viii + 160, ill. Mainz: von Zabern, 1999. ISBN 3–80532597–4. DM 68.00</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Antiquaries Journal</span><span>, Sep 1, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">main aspects of mineral extraction. Towns especially benefit from the author&#39;s wide knowledge...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">main aspects of mineral extraction. Towns especially benefit from the author&#39;s wide knowledge of the subject. Here again, the reader is reminded of the more squalid aspects of life in Romano-British towns, providing a salutary counter-balance to the sanitized pictures portrayed in many reconstructions. The author&#39;s unrivalled knowledge of Romano-British towns, however, has led to a certain imbalance in the book. While towns account for twenty-six pages (including nine pages of plans and reconstructions) only six are devoted to villas and rural temples, and five to farming and non-villa settlements. Similarly, in contrast to the fourteen plans and reconstructions of towns, only one, a villa reconstruction, relates to rural settlement. Topics such as imperial estates and centuriation are not discussed, nor is work by Hingley, Millett or Williamson referred to, either in the text or in the further reading section. A useful list of plant remains recorded from York is included, but little reference is made to the results of recent environmental research elsewhere. These omissions are no doubt due to the enormous range of the material covered, which has clearly forced a broad-brush rather than a detailed approach.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="117237715"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="117237715"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237715; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237715]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237715]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237715; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='117237715']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 117237715, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=117237715]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":117237715,"title":"Römische Glaskunst und Wandmalerei. 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Topics such as imperial estates and centuriation are not discussed, nor is work by Hingley, Millett or Williamson referred to, either in the text or in the further reading section. A useful list of plant remains recorded from York is included, but little reference is made to the results of recent environmental research elsewhere. These omissions are no doubt due to the enormous range of the material covered, which has clearly forced a broad-brush rather than a detailed approach.","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":9,"year":2001,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Antiquaries Journal"},"translated_abstract":"main aspects of mineral extraction. Towns especially benefit from the author\u0026#39;s wide knowledge of the subject. Here again, the reader is reminded of the more squalid aspects of life in Romano-British towns, providing a salutary counter-balance to the sanitized pictures portrayed in many reconstructions. 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Here again, the reader is reminded of the more squalid aspects of life in Romano-British towns, providing a salutary counter-balance to the sanitized pictures portrayed in many reconstructions. The author\u0026#39;s unrivalled knowledge of Romano-British towns, however, has led to a certain imbalance in the book. While towns account for twenty-six pages (including nine pages of plans and reconstructions) only six are devoted to villas and rural temples, and five to farming and non-villa settlements. Similarly, in contrast to the fourteen plans and reconstructions of towns, only one, a villa reconstruction, relates to rural settlement. Topics such as imperial estates and centuriation are not discussed, nor is work by Hingley, Millett or Williamson referred to, either in the text or in the further reading section. A useful list of plant remains recorded from York is included, but little reference is made to the results of recent environmental research elsewhere. 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$a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="117237714"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237714/Die_romische_Reichsgrenze_zwischen_Mosel_und_Nordseekuste"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Die romische Reichsgrenze zwischen Mosel und Nordseekuste" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237714/Die_romische_Reichsgrenze_zwischen_Mosel_und_Nordseekuste">Die romische Reichsgrenze zwischen Mosel und Nordseekuste</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Britannia</span><span>, 1997</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="117237714"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="117237714"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237714; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="117237713"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237713/Romes_First_Frontier_The_Flavian_Occupation_of_Northern_Scotland"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Rome's First Frontier: The Flavian Occupation of Northern Scotland" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237713/Romes_First_Frontier_The_Flavian_Occupation_of_Northern_Scotland">Rome's First Frontier: The Flavian Occupation of Northern Scotland</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Oxbow says: Our conception of Roman frontiers is dominated by images of Hadrian&#39;s Wall, a fix...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Oxbow says: Our conception of Roman frontiers is dominated by images of Hadrian&#39;s Wall, a fixed, physical barrier comprising ditches, ramparts and walls, and forts. However, the Roman frontier known as the Gask line, located in Perthshire in Scotland, which is vying to become the earliest fortified land frontier in the Roman Empire, challenges our idea of Roman fontier systems. This study draws on ten years of investigation at Roman military sites in Scotland, including 27 excavations at 18 sites plus geophysical surveys and aerial photography. The first part of the book presents detailed surveys and descriptions of various forts, camps and watchtowers stretched across the Highlands accompanied by maps, plans and photographs. The second parts seeks to interpret the evidence and places it within a historical and military context. The authors assess the date and function of these military installations suggesting how they might have formed a highly flexible form of defence, designed to control and monitor, perhaps serving as points in a supply line or signalling system, and from which to launch assaults into the Highlands. The Gask Line not only represents a more open frontier system, unlike the fixed barriers of the Limes or Hadrian&#39;s Wall, but also shows how the existing historical narrative of Roman Scotland is both flawed and biased.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="117237713"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="117237713"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237713; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237713]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237713]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237713; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='117237713']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 117237713, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=117237713]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":117237713,"title":"Rome's First Frontier: The Flavian Occupation of Northern Scotland","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Oxbow says: Our conception of Roman frontiers is dominated by images of Hadrian\u0026#39;s Wall, a fixed, physical barrier comprising ditches, ramparts and walls, and forts. However, the Roman frontier known as the Gask line, located in Perthshire in Scotland, which is vying to become the earliest fortified land frontier in the Roman Empire, challenges our idea of Roman fontier systems. This study draws on ten years of investigation at Roman military sites in Scotland, including 27 excavations at 18 sites plus geophysical surveys and aerial photography. The first part of the book presents detailed surveys and descriptions of various forts, camps and watchtowers stretched across the Highlands accompanied by maps, plans and photographs. The second parts seeks to interpret the evidence and places it within a historical and military context. The authors assess the date and function of these military installations suggesting how they might have formed a highly flexible form of defence, designed to control and monitor, perhaps serving as points in a supply line or signalling system, and from which to launch assaults into the Highlands. 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The first part of the book presents detailed surveys and descriptions of various forts, camps and watchtowers stretched across the Highlands accompanied by maps, plans and photographs. The second parts seeks to interpret the evidence and places it within a historical and military context. The authors assess the date and function of these military installations suggesting how they might have formed a highly flexible form of defence, designed to control and monitor, perhaps serving as points in a supply line or signalling system, and from which to launch assaults into the Highlands. 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However, the Roman frontier known as the Gask line, located in Perthshire in Scotland, which is vying to become the earliest fortified land frontier in the Roman Empire, challenges our idea of Roman fontier systems. This study draws on ten years of investigation at Roman military sites in Scotland, including 27 excavations at 18 sites plus geophysical surveys and aerial photography. The first part of the book presents detailed surveys and descriptions of various forts, camps and watchtowers stretched across the Highlands accompanied by maps, plans and photographs. The second parts seeks to interpret the evidence and places it within a historical and military context. The authors assess the date and function of these military installations suggesting how they might have formed a highly flexible form of defence, designed to control and monitor, perhaps serving as points in a supply line or signalling system, and from which to launch assaults into the Highlands. The Gask Line not only represents a more open frontier system, unlike the fixed barriers of the Limes or Hadrian\u0026#39;s Wall, but also shows how the existing historical narrative of Roman Scotland is both flawed and biased.","owner":{"id":21750,"first_name":"Birgitta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hoffmann","page_name":"BirgittaHoffmann","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2008-12-04T06:15:13.700-08:00","display_name":"Birgitta Hoffmann","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BirgittaHoffmann"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography"},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology"},{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative"},{"id":155464,"name":"Excavation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Excavation"},{"id":196417,"name":"Frontier","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frontier"}],"urls":[{"id":40943623,"url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA79120101"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="117237712"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237712/Beyond_Celts_Germans_and_Scythians_Archaeology_and_Identity_in_Iron_Age_Europe"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Beyond Celts, Germans and Scythians. Archaeology and Identity in Iron Age Europe" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/113147424/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237712/Beyond_Celts_Germans_and_Scythians_Archaeology_and_Identity_in_Iron_Age_Europe">Beyond Celts, Germans and Scythians. Archaeology and Identity in Iron Age Europe</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Classics Ireland (Dublin. 1994)</span><span>, 2002</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Who were the Iron Age peoples of Europe? Celts, Germans, Scythians: these are among the names tha...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Who were the Iron Age peoples of Europe? Celts, Germans, Scythians: these are among the names that come to mind. But such names and the characteristics Beyond Celts, Germans and Scythians: archaeology and identity in. Iron Age Celts as Early Form of European Unity note Angeli 1980 seems a. to the racist perversion of German archaeology of the past, but at the same time The Keltoi lived beyond the Pillars of Hercules in Iberia as well as around the. combined with the traditional barbarian hordes of the Scythians, Getae and Beyond Celts Germans and Scythians Archaeology and Identity in.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bdbeafb6ddc3370fa0e122b82e09e72a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":113147424,"asset_id":117237712,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/113147424/download_file?st=MTczNDA0MTU5Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="117237712"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="117237712"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237712; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237712]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237712]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237712; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='117237712']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 117237712, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bdbeafb6ddc3370fa0e122b82e09e72a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=117237712]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":117237712,"title":"Beyond Celts, Germans and Scythians. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="117237711"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237711/Axel_von_Saldern_Antikes_Glas"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Axel von Saldern, Antikes Glas" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/113147422/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237711/Axel_von_Saldern_Antikes_Glas">Axel von Saldern, Antikes Glas</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Bonner Jahrbücher</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2795dc1104d044876213f985d73ed91b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":113147422,"asset_id":117237711,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/113147422/download_file?st=MTczNDA0MTU5Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="117237711"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="117237711"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237711; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="117237710"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237710/Germania_Superior_eine_r%C3%B6mische_Provinz_in_Frankreich_Deutschland_und_der_Schweiz_By_M_Klee_Verlag_Friedrich_Pustet_Regensburg_2013_Pp_246_illus_maps_plans_Price_34_95_isbn978_3_791723_67_9"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Germania Superior: eine römische Provinz in Frankreich, Deutschland und der Schweiz. By M. Klee. Verlag Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg, 2013. Pp. 246, illus., maps, plans. Price: €34.95. isbn978 3 791723 67 9" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/113147429/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237710/Germania_Superior_eine_r%C3%B6mische_Provinz_in_Frankreich_Deutschland_und_der_Schweiz_By_M_Klee_Verlag_Friedrich_Pustet_Regensburg_2013_Pp_246_illus_maps_plans_Price_34_95_isbn978_3_791723_67_9">Germania Superior: eine römische Provinz in Frankreich, Deutschland und der Schweiz. By M. Klee. Verlag Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg, 2013. Pp. 246, illus., maps, plans. Price: €34.95. isbn978 3 791723 67 9</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Britannia</span><span>, Jul 3, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">each vessel type, providing information on use, date, function and context within the Roman world...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">each vessel type, providing information on use, date, function and context within the Roman world, as well as listing parallels found elsewhere outside the Roman Empire. The data primarily consist of very small and fragmented settlement finds, as graves are extremely rare. Ingemark's intention is to use the data to shed light on Roman-Native interaction and the exchange of goods and ideas. He convincingly rejects former theories that the material was loot from abandoned Roman sites and argues that the vessels entered the region intact, primarily as a result of peaceful contacts. The majority of finds belong to the world of feasting and drinking, the single largest group being that of unspectacular cylindrical and prismatic bottles, which I. argues could have been used for wine. Along with cups and beakers, these were symbols of power to the native élite; something paralleled elsewhere outside the Empire and particularly in Roman Iron Age Scandinavia. To support his argumentation, I. uses sources from classical and prehistoric archaeology, ancient and medieval history, anthropology and sociology. The range of Roman glass vessels from native sites in the region is narrow, which reflects a deliberate choice and a specific meaning. Through both classical and early medieval insular sources, I. shows how feasting and generosity were integral parts of preserving power in Celtic and Germanic societies. By giving feasts and presenting gifts, the chief created bonds of loyalty, something also supported by modern anthropological studies. I. studies Roman drinking customs and the possible export of wine, as well as drinking customs in the later prehistoric period, in order to investigate whether the local élite could have adopted Roman customs. An important feature of prehistoric customs is the communal vessel, which is passed around from the host to the guests according to rank. This is reflected by drinking horns, which, according to I., could not be put down unless empty. In Roman society all participants had their own vessel. Evidence both from the settlements north of Hadrian's Wall and in the Germanic regions (not Free Germany, which is a nineteenth-century misunderstanding of Tacitus) suggests the use of several vessels, which indicates an understanding of Roman customs among the local élites. This, however, should not be construed as a substitution for but rather as complementary to local customs. Through the intellectual import of ideas along with Roman objects for a particular purpose, the local élites used prestige goods and the knowledge of how they worked as a means to preserve power. Knowledge along with wealth and 'generosity' thus constitute I.'s tripartite prestige goods model. The evidence suggests that Roman prestige goods were selected by the élite rather than being an arbitrary choice and that political rather than commercial incentives drove the import. The distribution of vessels shows considerable regional differences, for instance, almost half the finds come from Traprain Law in East Lothian. Other regions such as northern Northhumberland are almost void. This may well reflect different alliances with Rome. I. has produced a solid volume, in which he thoroughly discusses the significance of the Roman glass vessels and Roman and prehistoric drinking customs. Although I am not entirely convinced by his arguments concerning the significance of the communal cup in Roman Iron Age Germania, these, like all his arguments, are thoroughly backed up by numerous references. However, he only touches very lightly upon the question of how these objects reached Scotland, mentioning 'trade' without going into much detail. This may be of more urgency for the study of élite graves in Scandinavia, which are so much further away from the Empire, but what is the significance of the varied distribution pattern? It would have been desirable to include a brief discussion of the nature of contact, whether trade or political relations. That said, this work will be of great use for scholars working on Germanic élite graves, and other regions around the Roman Empire. A very interesting result of I.'s analyses is that a region where the primary context is settlements is so well suited for comparison with regions for which theories are based on grave finds.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="56d459aea07bbfaf7b7887f4e3f1e892" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":113147429,"asset_id":117237710,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/113147429/download_file?st=MTczNDA0MTU5Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="117237710"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="117237710"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237710; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237710]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237710]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237710; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='117237710']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 117237710, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "56d459aea07bbfaf7b7887f4e3f1e892" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=117237710]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":117237710,"title":"Germania Superior: eine römische Provinz in Frankreich, Deutschland und der Schweiz. 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The majority of finds belong to the world of feasting and drinking, the single largest group being that of unspectacular cylindrical and prismatic bottles, which I. argues could have been used for wine. Along with cups and beakers, these were symbols of power to the native élite; something paralleled elsewhere outside the Empire and particularly in Roman Iron Age Scandinavia. To support his argumentation, I. uses sources from classical and prehistoric archaeology, ancient and medieval history, anthropology and sociology. The range of Roman glass vessels from native sites in the region is narrow, which reflects a deliberate choice and a specific meaning. Through both classical and early medieval insular sources, I. shows how feasting and generosity were integral parts of preserving power in Celtic and Germanic societies. By giving feasts and presenting gifts, the chief created bonds of loyalty, something also supported by modern anthropological studies. I. studies Roman drinking customs and the possible export of wine, as well as drinking customs in the later prehistoric period, in order to investigate whether the local élite could have adopted Roman customs. An important feature of prehistoric customs is the communal vessel, which is passed around from the host to the guests according to rank. This is reflected by drinking horns, which, according to I., could not be put down unless empty. In Roman society all participants had their own vessel. Evidence both from the settlements north of Hadrian's Wall and in the Germanic regions (not Free Germany, which is a nineteenth-century misunderstanding of Tacitus) suggests the use of several vessels, which indicates an understanding of Roman customs among the local élites. This, however, should not be construed as a substitution for but rather as complementary to local customs. 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Although I am not entirely convinced by his arguments concerning the significance of the communal cup in Roman Iron Age Germania, these, like all his arguments, are thoroughly backed up by numerous references. However, he only touches very lightly upon the question of how these objects reached Scotland, mentioning 'trade' without going into much detail. This may be of more urgency for the study of élite graves in Scandinavia, which are so much further away from the Empire, but what is the significance of the varied distribution pattern? It would have been desirable to include a brief discussion of the nature of contact, whether trade or political relations. That said, this work will be of great use for scholars working on Germanic élite graves, and other regions around the Roman Empire. 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The range of Roman glass vessels from native sites in the region is narrow, which reflects a deliberate choice and a specific meaning. Through both classical and early medieval insular sources, I. shows how feasting and generosity were integral parts of preserving power in Celtic and Germanic societies. By giving feasts and presenting gifts, the chief created bonds of loyalty, something also supported by modern anthropological studies. I. studies Roman drinking customs and the possible export of wine, as well as drinking customs in the later prehistoric period, in order to investigate whether the local élite could have adopted Roman customs. An important feature of prehistoric customs is the communal vessel, which is passed around from the host to the guests according to rank. This is reflected by drinking horns, which, according to I., could not be put down unless empty. In Roman society all participants had their own vessel. Evidence both from the settlements north of Hadrian's Wall and in the Germanic regions (not Free Germany, which is a nineteenth-century misunderstanding of Tacitus) suggests the use of several vessels, which indicates an understanding of Roman customs among the local élites. This, however, should not be construed as a substitution for but rather as complementary to local customs. Through the intellectual import of ideas along with Roman objects for a particular purpose, the local élites used prestige goods and the knowledge of how they worked as a means to preserve power. Knowledge along with wealth and 'generosity' thus constitute I.'s tripartite prestige goods model. The evidence suggests that Roman prestige goods were selected by the élite rather than being an arbitrary choice and that political rather than commercial incentives drove the import. The distribution of vessels shows considerable regional differences, for instance, almost half the finds come from Traprain Law in East Lothian. Other regions such as northern Northhumberland are almost void. This may well reflect different alliances with Rome. I. has produced a solid volume, in which he thoroughly discusses the significance of the Roman glass vessels and Roman and prehistoric drinking customs. Although I am not entirely convinced by his arguments concerning the significance of the communal cup in Roman Iron Age Germania, these, like all his arguments, are thoroughly backed up by numerous references. However, he only touches very lightly upon the question of how these objects reached Scotland, mentioning 'trade' without going into much detail. This may be of more urgency for the study of élite graves in Scandinavia, which are so much further away from the Empire, but what is the significance of the varied distribution pattern? It would have been desirable to include a brief discussion of the nature of contact, whether trade or political relations. That said, this work will be of great use for scholars working on Germanic élite graves, and other regions around the Roman Empire. 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Lierke's theories on ancient glass-making - ROSEMARIE LIERKE, ANTIKE GLASTÖPFEREI. EIN VERGESSENES KAPITEL DER GLASGESCHICHTE (Zaberns Bildbände zur Archäologie, Mainz 1999). Pp. 156, figs. 346. ISBN 3-8053-2442-1" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/117237708/R_Lierkes_theories_on_ancient_glass_making_ROSEMARIE_LIERKE_ANTIKE_GLAST%C3%96PFEREI_EIN_VERGESSENES_KAPITEL_DER_GLASGESCHICHTE_Zaberns_Bildb%C3%A4nde_zur_Arch%C3%A4ologie_Mainz_1999_Pp_156_figs_346_ISBN_3_8053_2442_1">R. Lierke's theories on ancient glass-making - ROSEMARIE LIERKE, ANTIKE GLASTÖPFEREI. EIN VERGESSENES KAPITEL DER GLASGESCHICHTE (Zaberns Bildbände zur Archäologie, Mainz 1999). Pp. 156, figs. 346. ISBN 3-8053-2442-1</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Roman Archaeology</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="117237708"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="117237708"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237708; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237708]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=117237708]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 117237708; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='117237708']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 117237708, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=117237708]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":117237708,"title":"R. 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Stauner Das offizielle Schriftwesen des römischen Heeres von Augustus bis Gallienus (27 v.Chr. – 268 n.Chr). Eine Untersuchung zu Struktur, Funktion und Bedeutung des offiziellen militärischen Verwaltungsdokumentation und zu deren Schreibern. Pp. vi + 500, ills. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11327682"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/11327682/An_Introduction_to_Bead_Identification"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An Introduction to Bead Identification" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/11327682/An_Introduction_to_Bead_Identification">An Introduction to Bead Identification</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A brief introduction on bead identification, focusing on matierialsm, colours and dates of beads ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A brief introduction on bead identification, focusing on matierialsm, colours and dates of beads that are found in England and Wales.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11327682"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11327682"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11327682; 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","location":"Manchester Museum","event_date":{"day":13,"month":3,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"organization":"Finds Liaison Officers Workshops"},"translated_abstract":"A brief introduction on bead identification, focusing on matierialsm, colours and dates of beads that are found in England and Wales. ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11327682/An_Introduction_to_Bead_Identification","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-08T09:14:39.437-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":21750,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"talk","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"An_Introduction_to_Bead_Identification","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"A brief introduction on bead identification, focusing on matierialsm, colours and dates of beads that are found in England and Wales. ","owner":{"id":21750,"first_name":"Birgitta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hoffmann","page_name":"BirgittaHoffmann","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2008-12-04T06:15:13.700-08:00","display_name":"Birgitta Hoffmann","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BirgittaHoffmann"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":94753,"name":"Glass Beads","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glass_Beads"},{"id":318481,"name":"Viking Glass Beads","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Glass_Beads"},{"id":1031384,"name":"African Trade Beads","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Trade_Beads"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11327650"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/11327650/Belisarius_triumph_and_Justinians_Equestrian_Statue_Justinian_as_a_new_Augustus"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Belisarius' triumph and Justinian's Equestrian Statue - Justinian as a new Augustus?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/11327650/Belisarius_triumph_and_Justinians_Equestrian_Statue_Justinian_as_a_new_Augustus">Belisarius' triumph and Justinian's Equestrian Statue - Justinian as a new Augustus?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In the aftermath of Justinian's conquest of North Africa and Italy, Belisarius celebrated accordi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In the aftermath of Justinian's conquest of North Africa and Italy, Belisarius celebrated according to Prokopius a ‘Triumph in the Old Style’ with other victories celebrated by an equestrian statue in the hippodrome in Constantinople. Both acts find close parallels in the way  Augustan conquests in Africa were celebrated (incl. the creation of the Forum Romanum and the Forum Augustus as places of victory), including the fact that the last ever non-dynastic triumph in Rome was also celebrated over Africa. <br /> <br />Mischa Meier (2003/4, 147-165) sees the Belisarius’ triumph very much in the context of an imperial programme of renovatio imperii and a possible celebration of the ‘ludi saeculare’ and thus the actions as a late but emperor driven imitatio Augusti in a Christian/Constantinopolitan setting. <br /> <br />The Belisarius’ triumph is not the only reference to victory parades during Justinian’s reign. There are also victory celebrations with triumphal elements for the victory over the Persians (530), the Bulgars (both recorded on the inscription of the Horse of Justinian in the Hippodrom) and in the aftermath of the Nike uprising (Jord. Rom. 364: sociosque eorum, qui evaserunt a caede, proscriptos,veluti grande hoste prostrato de manubiis triumphavit). Finally a victory parade was held by Narses in the aftermath of the final Gothic defeat in Rome twenty years later (Agathias 2.11). <br /> <br />Mostly, these references are tantalising in their mention of triumphal elements, but too brief and not usually linked to an intended imitatio by the original authors, whereas Prokopius’ ‘tiumph in the old style’ actually mentions some clearly non triumphal elements (such as Belisarius walking). Instead the parallels with Augustus seem to continue an overall theme of his work, reminiscent of an intended parallel biography. The fact that this theme is lacking or not as clearly expressed in other writers covering the period such as Agathias raises the question of whose imitatio Augusti we are seeing: Justinian’s or Prokopius’? <br /> <br />Cited literature: <br />M.Meier (2003/4), Das andere Zeitalter Justinians. Goettingen: Vandenhoek &Rupprecht.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11327650"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11327650"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11327650; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11327650]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11327650]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11327650; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11327650']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11327650, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11327650]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11327650,"title":"Belisarius' triumph and Justinian's Equestrian Statue - Justinian as a new Augustus?","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In the aftermath of Justinian's conquest of North Africa and Italy, Belisarius celebrated according to Prokopius a ‘Triumph in the Old Style’ with other victories celebrated by an equestrian statue in the hippodrome in Constantinople. Both acts find close parallels in the way Augustan conquests in Africa were celebrated (incl. the creation of the Forum Romanum and the Forum Augustus as places of victory), including the fact that the last ever non-dynastic triumph in Rome was also celebrated over Africa. \r\n\r\nMischa Meier (2003/4, 147-165) sees the Belisarius’ triumph very much in the context of an imperial programme of renovatio imperii and a possible celebration of the ‘ludi saeculare’ and thus the actions as a late but emperor driven imitatio Augusti in a Christian/Constantinopolitan setting. \r\n\r\nThe Belisarius’ triumph is not the only reference to victory parades during Justinian’s reign. There are also victory celebrations with triumphal elements for the victory over the Persians (530), the Bulgars (both recorded on the inscription of the Horse of Justinian in the Hippodrom) and in the aftermath of the Nike uprising (Jord. Rom. 364: sociosque eorum, qui evaserunt a caede, proscriptos,veluti grande hoste prostrato de manubiis triumphavit). Finally a victory parade was held by Narses in the aftermath of the final Gothic defeat in Rome twenty years later (Agathias 2.11). \r\n\r\nMostly, these references are tantalising in their mention of triumphal elements, but too brief and not usually linked to an intended imitatio by the original authors, whereas Prokopius’ ‘tiumph in the old style’ actually mentions some clearly non triumphal elements (such as Belisarius walking). Instead the parallels with Augustus seem to continue an overall theme of his work, reminiscent of an intended parallel biography. The fact that this theme is lacking or not as clearly expressed in other writers covering the period such as Agathias raises the question of whose imitatio Augusti we are seeing: Justinian’s or Prokopius’? \r\n\r\nCited literature:\r\nM.Meier (2003/4), Das andere Zeitalter Justinians. Goettingen: Vandenhoek \u0026Rupprecht. \r\n","location":"Devonshire Hall, University of Leeds","event_date":{"day":19,"month":8,"year":2014,"errors":{}},"organization":"Commemorating Augustus. A Bimillenial re-evaluation. 18th-20th August 2014."},"translated_abstract":"In the aftermath of Justinian's conquest of North Africa and Italy, Belisarius celebrated according to Prokopius a ‘Triumph in the Old Style’ with other victories celebrated by an equestrian statue in the hippodrome in Constantinople. Both acts find close parallels in the way Augustan conquests in Africa were celebrated (incl. the creation of the Forum Romanum and the Forum Augustus as places of victory), including the fact that the last ever non-dynastic triumph in Rome was also celebrated over Africa. \r\n\r\nMischa Meier (2003/4, 147-165) sees the Belisarius’ triumph very much in the context of an imperial programme of renovatio imperii and a possible celebration of the ‘ludi saeculare’ and thus the actions as a late but emperor driven imitatio Augusti in a Christian/Constantinopolitan setting. \r\n\r\nThe Belisarius’ triumph is not the only reference to victory parades during Justinian’s reign. There are also victory celebrations with triumphal elements for the victory over the Persians (530), the Bulgars (both recorded on the inscription of the Horse of Justinian in the Hippodrom) and in the aftermath of the Nike uprising (Jord. Rom. 364: sociosque eorum, qui evaserunt a caede, proscriptos,veluti grande hoste prostrato de manubiis triumphavit). Finally a victory parade was held by Narses in the aftermath of the final Gothic defeat in Rome twenty years later (Agathias 2.11). \r\n\r\nMostly, these references are tantalising in their mention of triumphal elements, but too brief and not usually linked to an intended imitatio by the original authors, whereas Prokopius’ ‘tiumph in the old style’ actually mentions some clearly non triumphal elements (such as Belisarius walking). Instead the parallels with Augustus seem to continue an overall theme of his work, reminiscent of an intended parallel biography. The fact that this theme is lacking or not as clearly expressed in other writers covering the period such as Agathias raises the question of whose imitatio Augusti we are seeing: Justinian’s or Prokopius’? \r\n\r\nCited literature:\r\nM.Meier (2003/4), Das andere Zeitalter Justinians. Goettingen: Vandenhoek \u0026Rupprecht. \r\n","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11327650/Belisarius_triumph_and_Justinians_Equestrian_Statue_Justinian_as_a_new_Augustus","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-08T09:10:29.803-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":21750,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"talk","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Belisarius_triumph_and_Justinians_Equestrian_Statue_Justinian_as_a_new_Augustus","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"In the aftermath of Justinian's conquest of North Africa and Italy, Belisarius celebrated according to Prokopius a ‘Triumph in the Old Style’ with other victories celebrated by an equestrian statue in the hippodrome in Constantinople. Both acts find close parallels in the way Augustan conquests in Africa were celebrated (incl. the creation of the Forum Romanum and the Forum Augustus as places of victory), including the fact that the last ever non-dynastic triumph in Rome was also celebrated over Africa. \r\n\r\nMischa Meier (2003/4, 147-165) sees the Belisarius’ triumph very much in the context of an imperial programme of renovatio imperii and a possible celebration of the ‘ludi saeculare’ and thus the actions as a late but emperor driven imitatio Augusti in a Christian/Constantinopolitan setting. \r\n\r\nThe Belisarius’ triumph is not the only reference to victory parades during Justinian’s reign. There are also victory celebrations with triumphal elements for the victory over the Persians (530), the Bulgars (both recorded on the inscription of the Horse of Justinian in the Hippodrom) and in the aftermath of the Nike uprising (Jord. Rom. 364: sociosque eorum, qui evaserunt a caede, proscriptos,veluti grande hoste prostrato de manubiis triumphavit). Finally a victory parade was held by Narses in the aftermath of the final Gothic defeat in Rome twenty years later (Agathias 2.11). \r\n\r\nMostly, these references are tantalising in their mention of triumphal elements, but too brief and not usually linked to an intended imitatio by the original authors, whereas Prokopius’ ‘tiumph in the old style’ actually mentions some clearly non triumphal elements (such as Belisarius walking). Instead the parallels with Augustus seem to continue an overall theme of his work, reminiscent of an intended parallel biography. The fact that this theme is lacking or not as clearly expressed in other writers covering the period such as Agathias raises the question of whose imitatio Augusti we are seeing: Justinian’s or Prokopius’? \r\n\r\nCited literature:\r\nM.Meier (2003/4), Das andere Zeitalter Justinians. Goettingen: Vandenhoek \u0026Rupprecht. \r\n","owner":{"id":21750,"first_name":"Birgitta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hoffmann","page_name":"BirgittaHoffmann","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2008-12-04T06:15:13.700-08:00","display_name":"Birgitta Hoffmann","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BirgittaHoffmann"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History"},{"id":10091,"name":"Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Studies"},{"id":84518,"name":"Justinian I, Emperor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Justinian_I_Emperor"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="6724926"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/6724926/The_curious_case_of_the_riverside_shaft_deposits"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The curious case of the riverside shaft deposits" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/6724926/The_curious_case_of_the_riverside_shaft_deposits">The curious case of the riverside shaft deposits</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In one of the earliest useable archaeological excavation reports from Scotland, the excavator des...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In one of the earliest useable archaeological excavation reports from Scotland, the excavator describes a series of shafts that were eroded out by the Almond outside Bertha fort. The deep pits contain pottery, but the report makes it clear that they are not cremation graves. This paper is going to discuss the original report and compare them to similar deposits since then discovered in sanctuaries and vici to gain a better understanding of their original use.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="6724926"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6724926"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6724926; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6724926]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6724926]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6724926; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='6724926']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6724926, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=6724926]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":6724926,"title":"The curious case of the riverside shaft deposits","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In one of the earliest useable archaeological excavation reports from Scotland, the excavator describes a series of shafts that were eroded out by the Almond outside Bertha fort. The deep pits contain pottery, but the report makes it clear that they are not cremation graves. This paper is going to discuss the original report and compare them to similar deposits since then discovered in sanctuaries and vici to gain a better understanding of their original use.","location":"Reading","organization":"Roman Archaeology Conference 11, 2014"},"translated_abstract":"In one of the earliest useable archaeological excavation reports from Scotland, the excavator describes a series of shafts that were eroded out by the Almond outside Bertha fort. The deep pits contain pottery, but the report makes it clear that they are not cremation graves. This paper is going to discuss the original report and compare them to similar deposits since then discovered in sanctuaries and vici to gain a better understanding of their original use.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/6724926/The_curious_case_of_the_riverside_shaft_deposits","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2014-04-11T01:13:58.436-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":21750,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"talk","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"The_curious_case_of_the_riverside_shaft_deposits","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"In one of the earliest useable archaeological excavation reports from Scotland, the excavator describes a series of shafts that were eroded out by the Almond outside Bertha fort. The deep pits contain pottery, but the report makes it clear that they are not cremation graves. This paper is going to discuss the original report and compare them to similar deposits since then discovered in sanctuaries and vici to gain a better understanding of their original use.","owner":{"id":21750,"first_name":"Birgitta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hoffmann","page_name":"BirgittaHoffmann","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2008-12-04T06:15:13.700-08:00","display_name":"Birgitta Hoffmann","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BirgittaHoffmann"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":5327,"name":"Roman Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Religion"},{"id":16759,"name":"Roman Britain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Britain"},{"id":182336,"name":"Roman Scotland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Scotland"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="4229063"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/4229063/Glass_from_an_Imperial_Villa_The_excavations_at_Villa_Magna_Italy"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Glass from an Imperial Villa - The excavations at Villa Magna, Italy" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/4229063/Glass_from_an_Imperial_Villa_The_excavations_at_Villa_Magna_Italy">Glass from an Imperial Villa - The excavations at Villa Magna, Italy</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Villa Magna is the villa mentioned in the Frontinian letters as the place where Marcus Aurelius c...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Villa Magna is the villa mentioned in the Frontinian letters as the place where Marcus Aurelius celebrated the harvest festivals. Excavations on the site have produced a wide range of glass, both from the Imperial reception room, the servant accommodation and the other buildings. <br />It attests to occupation from the mid second century AD to the late Roman period and the Early Medieval Period. Documenting a pattern of glass usage ranging from high quality and selective glass use of the late second century to the mundane of the 5/6th century AD.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="4229063"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4229063"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4229063; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4229063]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4229063]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4229063; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='4229063']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4229063, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=4229063]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":4229063,"title":"Glass from an Imperial Villa - The excavations at Villa Magna, Italy","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Villa Magna is the villa mentioned in the Frontinian letters as the place where Marcus Aurelius celebrated the harvest festivals. Excavations on the site have produced a wide range of glass, both from the Imperial reception room, the servant accommodation and the other buildings. \r\nIt attests to occupation from the mid second century AD to the late Roman period and the Early Medieval Period. Documenting a pattern of glass usage ranging from high quality and selective glass use of the late second century to the mundane of the 5/6th century AD.","location":"19th Conference, Piran, Slovenia","event_date":{"day":18,"month":9,"year":2012,"errors":{}},"organization":"International Association for the History of Glass"},"translated_abstract":"Villa Magna is the villa mentioned in the Frontinian letters as the place where Marcus Aurelius celebrated the harvest festivals. Excavations on the site have produced a wide range of glass, both from the Imperial reception room, the servant accommodation and the other buildings. \r\nIt attests to occupation from the mid second century AD to the late Roman period and the Early Medieval Period. Documenting a pattern of glass usage ranging from high quality and selective glass use of the late second century to the mundane of the 5/6th century AD.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4229063/Glass_from_an_Imperial_Villa_The_excavations_at_Villa_Magna_Italy","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-08-13T00:53:40.889-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":21750,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"talk","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Glass_from_an_Imperial_Villa_The_excavations_at_Villa_Magna_Italy","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Villa Magna is the villa mentioned in the Frontinian letters as the place where Marcus Aurelius celebrated the harvest festivals. Excavations on the site have produced a wide range of glass, both from the Imperial reception room, the servant accommodation and the other buildings. \r\nIt attests to occupation from the mid second century AD to the late Roman period and the Early Medieval Period. Documenting a pattern of glass usage ranging from high quality and selective glass use of the late second century to the mundane of the 5/6th century AD.","owner":{"id":21750,"first_name":"Birgitta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hoffmann","page_name":"BirgittaHoffmann","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2008-12-04T06:15:13.700-08:00","display_name":"Birgitta Hoffmann","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BirgittaHoffmann"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology"},{"id":41438,"name":"Ancient Glass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Glass"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="1659231"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/1659231/Trading_with_the_Fezzan_Glass_exchange_betwen_the_Romands_and_hte_Central_Sahara_in_the_1st_5th_century_AD"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Trading with the Fezzan -Glass exchange betwen the Romands and hte Central Sahara in the 1st - 5th century AD" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/1659231/Trading_with_the_Fezzan_Glass_exchange_betwen_the_Romands_and_hte_Central_Sahara_in_the_1st_5th_century_AD">Trading with the Fezzan -Glass exchange betwen the Romands and hte Central Sahara in the 1st - 5th century AD</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">"The Garamantes have long been recognized as one of the crucial elements of the trade in the East...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">"The Garamantes have long been recognized as one of the crucial elements of the trade in the Eastern Sahara. Following a survey of the glass material in Germa and during the work of the Fezzan Project it was possible to reassess the glass material found in the Fezzan proper. The material dates from the late Hellenistic to the early Islamic Period and shows marked changes in the type of material chosen for trade in the area that appears to be the preferred trading partner.  The exchanges in the early Roman period have to be characterised as of medium quality, without many luxury items, but carefully controlled in the selection of items with a strong preference to the Western Mediterranean.  It seems that from the third century onwards a much wider assemblage of material was brought to the oasis, probably from Egypt, and including very high quality items as well as everyday articles. <br />The paper will survey the material found and draw on parallels from other sites in the region. <br /> <br /> <br />"</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="1659231"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1659231"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1659231; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1659231]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1659231]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1659231; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='1659231']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1659231, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=1659231]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":1659231,"title":"Trading with the Fezzan -Glass exchange betwen the Romands and hte Central Sahara in the 1st - 5th century AD","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"\"The Garamantes have long been recognized as one of the crucial elements of the trade in the Eastern Sahara. Following a survey of the glass material in Germa and during the work of the Fezzan Project it was possible to reassess the glass material found in the Fezzan proper. The material dates from the late Hellenistic to the early Islamic Period and shows marked changes in the type of material chosen for trade in the area that appears to be the preferred trading partner. The exchanges in the early Roman period have to be characterised as of medium quality, without many luxury items, but carefully controlled in the selection of items with a strong preference to the Western Mediterranean. It seems that from the third century onwards a much wider assemblage of material was brought to the oasis, probably from Egypt, and including very high quality items as well as everyday articles. \r\nThe paper will survey the material found and draw on parallels from other sites in the region. \r\n\r\n\r\n\"","location":"AIHV - the 18th Congress of AIHV on the History of Glass","organization":"International Association for the History of Glass","conference_end_date":{"day":25,"month":9,"year":2009,"errors":{}},"conference_start_date":{"day":21,"month":9,"year":2009,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"\"The Garamantes have long been recognized as one of the crucial elements of the trade in the Eastern Sahara. Following a survey of the glass material in Germa and during the work of the Fezzan Project it was possible to reassess the glass material found in the Fezzan proper. 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Following a survey of the glass material in Germa and during the work of the Fezzan Project it was possible to reassess the glass material found in the Fezzan proper. The material dates from the late Hellenistic to the early Islamic Period and shows marked changes in the type of material chosen for trade in the area that appears to be the preferred trading partner. The exchanges in the early Roman period have to be characterised as of medium quality, without many luxury items, but carefully controlled in the selection of items with a strong preference to the Western Mediterranean. It seems that from the third century onwards a much wider assemblage of material was brought to the oasis, probably from Egypt, and including very high quality items as well as everyday articles. \r\nThe paper will survey the material found and draw on parallels from other sites in the region. \r\n\r\n\r\n\"","owner":{"id":21750,"first_name":"Birgitta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hoffmann","page_name":"BirgittaHoffmann","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2008-12-04T06:15:13.700-08:00","display_name":"Birgitta Hoffmann","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BirgittaHoffmann"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="1659879"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/1659879/Planning_in_the_vicinity_of_Roman_Legionary_Fortresses"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Planning in the vicinity of Roman Legionary Fortresses" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/1659879/Planning_in_the_vicinity_of_Roman_Legionary_Fortresses">Planning in the vicinity of Roman Legionary Fortresses</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">It has long since been recognized that the siting of legionary fortresses is guided by strategic,...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">It has long since been recognized that the siting of legionary fortresses is guided by strategic, tactical and logistical considerations. However, detailed studies of the location of the legionary fortresses within their hinterland suggest a high degree of standardisation both in the selection criteria of the sites as well as the development and placement of the surrounding settlement sites. Based on a larger study of legionary fortresses of the 1-3rd century AD in the Western Empire, this paper will highlight some of the more striking features of the landscape surrounding fortresses and explore possible underlying explanations for these patterns.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="1659879"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1659879"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1659879; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1659879]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1659879]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1659879; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='1659879']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1659879, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=1659879]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":1659879,"title":"Planning in the vicinity of Roman Legionary Fortresses","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"It has long since been recognized that the siting of legionary fortresses is guided by strategic, tactical and logistical considerations. However, detailed studies of the location of the legionary fortresses within their hinterland suggest a high degree of standardisation both in the selection criteria of the sites as well as the development and placement of the surrounding settlement sites. Based on a larger study of legionary fortresses of the 1-3rd century AD in the Western Empire, this paper will highlight some of the more striking features of the landscape surrounding fortresses and explore possible underlying explanations for these patterns. ","location":"Limes XXI. the XXIst International Limes(Roman Frontiers) Congress 2009 at Newcastle upon Tyne","conference_end_date":{"day":23,"month":8,"year":2009,"errors":{}},"conference_start_date":{"day":16,"month":8,"year":2009,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"It has long since been recognized that the siting of legionary fortresses is guided by strategic, tactical and logistical considerations. 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","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1659879/Planning_in_the_vicinity_of_Roman_Legionary_Fortresses","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2009-11-09T20:56:34.963-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":21750,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"talk","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Planning_in_the_vicinity_of_Roman_Legionary_Fortresses","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"It has long since been recognized that the siting of legionary fortresses is guided by strategic, tactical and logistical considerations. However, detailed studies of the location of the legionary fortresses within their hinterland suggest a high degree of standardisation both in the selection criteria of the sites as well as the development and placement of the surrounding settlement sites. Based on a larger study of legionary fortresses of the 1-3rd century AD in the Western Empire, this paper will highlight some of the more striking features of the landscape surrounding fortresses and explore possible underlying explanations for these patterns. ","owner":{"id":21750,"first_name":"Birgitta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hoffmann","page_name":"BirgittaHoffmann","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2008-12-04T06:15:13.700-08:00","display_name":"Birgitta Hoffmann","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BirgittaHoffmann"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology"},{"id":18425,"name":"Roman military archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_military_archaeology"},{"id":100351,"name":"Legionary fortresses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legionary_fortresses"},{"id":106343,"name":"Canabae legionis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canabae_legionis"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="314568" id="bookreviews"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="5565852"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/5565852/Frauen_und_r%C3%B6misches_Milit%C3%A4r_Beitr%C3%A4ge_eines_rundes_Tisches_in_Xanten_vom_7_bis_9_Juli_2005_Archaeopress_2008"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Frauen und römisches Militär: Beiträge eines rundes Tisches in Xanten vom 7. bis 9. Juli 2005. Archaeopress 2008." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/5565852/Frauen_und_r%C3%B6misches_Milit%C3%A4r_Beitr%C3%A4ge_eines_rundes_Tisches_in_Xanten_vom_7_bis_9_Juli_2005_Archaeopress_2008">Frauen und römisches Militär: Beiträge eines rundes Tisches in Xanten vom 7. bis 9. Juli 2005. Archaeopress 2008.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Ancient West & East vol. 13</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="5565852"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5565852"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5565852; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5565852]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5565852]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5565852; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='5565852']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5565852, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=5565852]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":5565852,"title":"Frauen und römisches Militär: Beiträge eines rundes Tisches in Xanten vom 7. bis 9. 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Fellmann, Die roemischen Kleinfunde aus Holz aus dem Legionslager Vindonissa (Brugg 2009)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Roman Archaeology 25, p.828-830.</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="5566528"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5566528"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5566528; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5566528]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5566528]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5566528; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='5566528']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5566528, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=5566528]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":5566528,"title":"The wooden Finds from Vindonissa. review of : R. 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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10068/426759. ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">... Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: <a href="http://hdl.handle.net/10068/426759" rel="nofollow">http://hdl.handle.net/10068/426759</a>. Title:Birdoswald Excavations of a Roman fort on Hadrian&amp;amp;amp;amp;#x27;s Wall and its successor settlements; 1987-92. Authors: Wilmott, T. English Heritage, London (United Kingdom). 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These lectures will explore the events and atmosphere at the court during these years. <br /> <br /> <br />7th May: Educating an Emperor <br />14th May: Winning a war with words: the Parthian Settlement <br />21st May: The Golden Years? <br />11th June: Agrippina: The death of “a well beloved Mother” <br />18th June:  Boudicca and the results of imperial mismanagement <br />25th June:  Emerging as his own man: Burrus and Octavia</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14434523"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14434523"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14434523; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14434523]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14434523]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14434523; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14434523']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14434523, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14434523]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14434523,"title":"Nero, the early years of the teenage emperor","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The last of the Julio-Claudian emperors came to the throne through the machinations of a court cabal, headed by his mother. 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Their biggest extent was reached during the Neo-Assyrian Empire, which included not only the Middle East, but also much of Egypt and modern Turkey. This dayschool will look at the remains left behind and how this empire was administered and the art and archaeology it produced.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14434697"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14434697"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14434697; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14434697]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14434697]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14434697; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14434697']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14434697, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14434697]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14434697,"title":"Assyria: Lionhunting, palaces and more","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The Assyrians, well known from the Bible and Egyptian papyri dominated the Middle East for 19 centuries. 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His excavations changed European perception of the archaeology of the Middle East, adding with the library of Assurbanipal a huge resource for the understanding of the Assyrians.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14434669"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14434669"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14434669; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14434669]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14434669]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14434669; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14434669']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14434669, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14434669]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14434669,"title":"Layard’s excavations at Nineveh","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The casual visitor to the British Museum when asked about the things they saw, frequently mentions the Elgin Marbles, the Egyptians and ‘those reliefs’; those Reliefs being the palace reliefs from the palaces of Nimrud and Nineveh excavated by Henry Austen Layard in the 19th century. 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It is thu...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Staying healthy and getting well was one of the main interests for all classes in Rome. It is thus of little surprise to find medical instruments at most sites over a certain sites, and medical treatises like Galen or Celsus continued to be used for centuries as the backbone of medical training. However, without full understanding of what causes illness and treatment not always easily available, health and cures were also sought and offered through religion (such as the dream cures at Kos) or magic practices such as healing stones. This course will look at the various practices and their associated archaeological remains from hospitals and surgical instruments, to votives and coloured jewellery.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14434600"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14434600"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14434600; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14434600]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14434600]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14434600; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14434600']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14434600, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14434600]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14434600,"title":"Roman Medicine between science and magic","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Staying healthy and getting well was one of the main interests for all classes in Rome. 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Especially at locations of hot ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Roman Baths were not just for bathing but also places of healing. Especially at locations of hot springs the Romans combined religion and the treatment of wounds and illness with great success (to judge from the votives found), while some like Baiae became great centres of tourism. We will be looking at the archaeology and infrastructure associated with these sites.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14434578"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14434578"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14434578; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14434578]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14434578]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14434578; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14434578']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14434578, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14434578]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14434578,"title":"Roman Spas, Baiae, Bath and beyond","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Roman Baths were not just for bathing but also places of healing. 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This is the newest and possibly largest of a number of princely graves that first combine Mediterranean cultural imports (such as wine and vessels from Greece and Etruria) with a sumptuous burial in chambers and chariots, providing the first recognisable kings and queens in Central and Western Europe with all they might need for a royal afterlife. Their survival provides us with an insight into the cultural horizon that created the various cultures that the Greeks would eventually call 'Keltoi'.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14435258"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14435258"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14435258; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14435258]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14435258]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14435258; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14435258']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14435258, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14435258]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14435258,"title":"The Princely Burials of the Hallstatt Period in France and Germany","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"At the beginning of March French Archaeologists announced the discovery of one of the biggest Hallstatt princely burials near Troyes. 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Most of these possessions were administered by governors, but quickly two very different forms of rule developed. The Stato del Mar, best defined as Europe’s first Colonial Empire, where the economic exploitation on behalf of Venice and the defence of these economic assets dominated life and closer to home and easily reachable from Venice the Terra Firma (today’s Veneto, Friuli and Coastal Slovenia). Here the great families of Venice acquired personal landholdings, built villas and developed the land as country retreats from the bustle of Venice. The course will compare the economic and political differences and the results for architecture, art and everyday culture in the two areas.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14434726"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14434726"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14434726; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14434726]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14434726]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14434726; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14434726']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14434726, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14434726]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14434726,"title":"Venice: The Terra Firma and the Stato del Mar","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"With the rise of political power Venice acquired territory on dry land, which needed administering. 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Dominated by mountains and a complicated coastline, it is a natural centre for trade and a ‘Cock pit of Europe’. In this dayschool we explore the history and art of the area from the coming of the Carolingians (c. 800AD) to 1750, when the area was fully under Venice’s control.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14435411"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14435411"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14435411; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14435411]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14435411]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14435411; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14435411']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14435411, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14435411]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14435411,"title":"Istria and Friuli: The Patriarchate between the Empire and Venice","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The Areas of Istria and Friuli, which today cover four modern countries (Italy, Austria, Slovenia and Croatia) are the traditional gateway between Italy and the Balkans. 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New towns, new <br />citizens <br />March 5 The generosity of the Emperor – Britainrevisited <br />March 12 The question of the succession <br />Mar 19 Mushrooms and other terminal issues</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14434871"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14434871"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14434871; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14434871]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14434871]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14434871; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14434871']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14434871, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14434871]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14434871,"title":"I, Claudius","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Our exploration of the history of the Roman emperors continues with the Claudius years after the Conquest of Britain to his assassination in 54 AD.\r\nJan 22 Triumphing over Britain and other Fruits of peace\r\n\r\nJan 29 The antiquarian creates new traditions\r\nFeb 5 Providing for Rome: grain supply and Ostia\r\nFeb 12 Securing the frontiers: the Rhine and the Balkans\r\nFeb 19 Herself at home - Nothing but trouble with the wives\r\nFeb 26 The generosity of the Empire? 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This dayschool will look at the history and archaeology of this fascinating culture.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14435219"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14435219"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14435219; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14435219]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14435219]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14435219; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14435219']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14435219, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14435219]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14435219,"title":"Kush and Meroe: The Egypt that did not fall","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"While Egypt succumbed from the 8th century BC to a series of foreign invaders, its southern neighbour in the Sudan, though sharing much of the Egyptian culture, remained an independent kingdom and became increasingly a problem for the new rulers in the North. 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","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14435219/Kush_and_Meroe_The_Egypt_that_did_not_fall","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-07-27T06:50:59.464-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":21750,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Kush_and_Meroe_The_Egypt_that_did_not_fall","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"While Egypt succumbed from the 8th century BC to a series of foreign invaders, its southern neighbour in the Sudan, though sharing much of the Egyptian culture, remained an independent kingdom and became increasingly a problem for the new rulers in the North. This dayschool will look at the history and archaeology of this fascinating culture. ","owner":{"id":21750,"first_name":"Birgitta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hoffmann","page_name":"BirgittaHoffmann","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2008-12-04T06:15:13.700-08:00","display_name":"Birgitta Hoffmann","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BirgittaHoffmann"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History"},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology"},{"id":3896,"name":"African History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_History"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14435089"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14435089/All_the_fun_of_the_amphitheatre_gladiators_and_charioteers_on_Roman_mosaics"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of All the fun of the – amphitheatre? gladiators and charioteers on Roman mosaics" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14435089/All_the_fun_of_the_amphitheatre_gladiators_and_charioteers_on_Roman_mosaics">All the fun of the – amphitheatre? gladiators and charioteers on Roman mosaics</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">From the late Republic to the 6th century scenes of chariot races and gladiators were one of the ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">From the late Republic to the 6th century scenes of chariot races and gladiators were one of the most popular mosaic designs. But what do they signify? Are they just expressions of avid supporters, advertising by horse breeders and impressarios for their products or an expression of social expectations of the nouveaux riches? Are chariot races an expression of religious beliefs in a sun cult or a metaphor for the rat race of life? To answer or at least discuss the question we will follow the different forms of these mosaics from Britain to Africa and the Royal palace of Constantinople and Piazza Armerina.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14435089"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14435089"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14435089; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14435089]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14435089]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14435089; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14435089']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14435089, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14435089]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14435089,"title":"All the fun of the – amphitheatre? gladiators and charioteers on Roman mosaics","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"From the late Republic to the 6th century scenes of chariot races and gladiators were one of the most popular mosaic designs. 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","owner":{"id":21750,"first_name":"Birgitta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hoffmann","page_name":"BirgittaHoffmann","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2008-12-04T06:15:13.700-08:00","display_name":"Birgitta Hoffmann","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BirgittaHoffmann"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History"},{"id":23555,"name":"Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Empire"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14435040"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14435040/The_Power_of_Images_revisited_Political_Art_and_Public_Relations_in_Rome_and_Today"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Power of Images revisited: Political Art and Public Relations in Rome and Today" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14435040/The_Power_of_Images_revisited_Political_Art_and_Public_Relations_in_Rome_and_Today">The Power of Images revisited: Political Art and Public Relations in Rome and Today</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://boscobae.academia.edu/AndrewTibbs">Andrew Tibbs</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BirgittaHoffmann">Birgitta Hoffmann</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In 1987 Paul Zanker published the ‘Power of Images in the Age of Augustus’ and changed our way of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In 1987 Paul Zanker published the ‘Power of Images in the Age of Augustus’ and changed our way of looking at the art of Imperial Rome. Instead of aesthetics, the focus of the interpretation was now the ‘political message’ the emperor was sending to its audiences, the political elite in Rome, the urban plebs, but also the people in the provinces, both military and civilian. In the intervening 30 years publications on the content and change of messages over time and imperial preferences have abounded. <br /> <br />At the same time modern understanding of the control of image in the media and the feasibility of political discourse through images has progressed. This course takes the Zanker arguments and discusses them between an archaeologist and a modern media and public relations expert to establish, how far the arguments still hold and what limitations the emperors faced.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14435040"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14435040"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14435040; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14435040]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14435040]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14435040; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14435040']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14435040, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14435040]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14435040,"title":"The Power of Images revisited: Political Art and Public Relations in Rome and Today","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In 1987 Paul Zanker published the ‘Power of Images in the Age of Augustus’ and changed our way of looking at the art of Imperial Rome. 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","owner":{"id":21750,"first_name":"Birgitta","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hoffmann","page_name":"BirgittaHoffmann","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2008-12-04T06:15:13.700-08:00","display_name":"Birgitta Hoffmann","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BirgittaHoffmann"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="7101692" id="editedbooks"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33403898"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33403898/Ad_Vallum_Papers_on_the_Roman_Army_and_Frontiers_in_Celebration_of_Dr_Brian_Dobson"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Ad Vallum:Papers on the Roman Army and Frontiers in Celebration of Dr Brian Dobson" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53458684/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33403898/Ad_Vallum_Papers_on_the_Roman_Army_and_Frontiers_in_Celebration_of_Dr_Brian_Dobson">Ad Vallum:Papers on the Roman Army and Frontiers in Celebration of Dr Brian Dobson</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://yorkmuseumstrust.academia.edu/AdamParker">Adam Parker</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://oxford.academia.edu/MatthewSymonds">Matthew Symonds</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BirgittaHoffmann">Birgitta Hoffmann</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-koeln.academia.edu/StefanieHoss">Stefanie Hoss</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://winchester.academia.edu/RichardBridgland">Richard Bridgland</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This volume is intended as a Gedenkschrift to celebrate the work and legacy of Dr Brian Dobson. T...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This volume is intended as a Gedenkschrift to celebrate the work and legacy of Dr Brian Dobson. The papers are provided by members of the Hadrianic Society, which Brian was instrumental in setting up over 40 years ago, and represent a range of Roman scholarship by current and former university professors, museum and post-excavation professionals, field archaeologists and non-professionals. 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Presentation at AIAC2018. Panel 12.10: AIAC-round table discussion. Diversity in the Past: diversity in the Present? Issues of gender, whiteness and class in "Classical" Archaeology (organised by E Mol and L.Lodwick)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57155542/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/37204767/Military_archaeology_and_women_Presentation_at_AIAC2018_Panel_12_10_AIAC_round_table_discussion_Diversity_in_the_Past_diversity_in_the_Present_Issues_of_gender_whiteness_and_class_in_Classical_Archaeology_organised_by_E_Mol_and_L_Lodwick_">Military archaeology and women. Presentation at AIAC2018. Panel 12.10: AIAC-round table discussion. Diversity in the Past: diversity in the Present? Issues of gender, whiteness and class in "Classical" Archaeology (organised by E Mol and L.Lodwick)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">These are the notes for a short overview paper on the history of Roman military studies and how t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">These are the notes for a short overview paper on the history of Roman military studies and how the early history of the subject shaped the views on the participation of women and other non-white male groups in the field.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="07373838c1681dec5f80830b9d68ac0d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":57155542,"asset_id":37204767,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57155542/download_file?st=MTczNDA0MTU5Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37204767"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37204767"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37204767; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37204767]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37204767]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37204767; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37204767']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37204767, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "07373838c1681dec5f80830b9d68ac0d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37204767]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37204767,"title":"Military archaeology and women. 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Consequently, given the numerous glass reports from the Britain and the European Roman provinces, we are now able to compare assemblages between different sites. <br /><br />This paper analyses the evidence for local manufacture of vessel glass and glass beads from military vici/canabae and the general profile of glass use within these settlements,  to understand if the glass of the military auxiliary vici and the canabae differs in its functional composition or whether the higher amount of luxury glass is solely a function of the larger size of the canabae.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37128621"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37128621"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37128621; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37128621]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37128621]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37128621; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37128621']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37128621, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37128621]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37128621,"title":"Small finds assemblages as a means to understanding social and economic patterns within the settlements close to Roman camps","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Compared to pottery and metalwork, glass (and the associated glass beads) occupies a middle position, still ubiquitous enough to allow for comparative analysis between settlements, but of a low enough volume to allow for settlement wide analysis. 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The paper is going review the evidence in view of archaeological work in Britain as well as our current understanding of the general military and political situation at the beginning of Hadrian’s reign.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ad0b6af97a8dfb3469260f73b6e87c8f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":57078961,"asset_id":37128593,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57078961/download_file?st=MTczNDA0MTU5Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37128593"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37128593"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37128593; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37128593]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37128593]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37128593; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37128593']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37128593, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ad0b6af97a8dfb3469260f73b6e87c8f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37128593]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37128593,"title":"Hadrian’s Expeditio Britannica – a new look at its historical and archaeological context","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The Expeditio Britannica is one of the less well understood aspects of Hadrian’s reign with question marks over its date, extent and even strategic importance. 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