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Available in 72 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-72" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">72 leids</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%81%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="لفت سويدي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لفت سويدي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%81%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%89" title="لفت سويدى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لفت سويدى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brassica_napobrassica" title="Brassica napobrassica – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Brassica napobrassica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siet%C4%97nis" title="Sietėnis – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Sietėnis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Бручка – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бручка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Бручка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Бручка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Брюква – Bulgairien" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Брюква" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgairien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irvin-saoz" title="Irvin-saoz – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Irvin-saoz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colinap" title="Colinap – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Colinap" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/He%C3%B3vemo%27%C3%B4hta%27e" title="Heóvemo'ôhta'e – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Heóvemo'ôhta'e" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tu%C5%99%C3%ADn" title="Tuřín – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tuřín" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wr%C3%ABk" title="Wrëk – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Wrëk" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%BA%C4%83%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Тутлă кăшман – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тутлă кăшман" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A5lroe" title="Kålroe – Dens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kålroe" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steckr%C3%BCbe" title="Steckrübe – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Steckrübe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%AF" title="Γουλί – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γουλί" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutabaga" title="Rutabaga – Inglis" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Rutabaga" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inglis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napo" title="Napo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Napo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brassica_napobrassica" title="Brassica napobrassica – Spainish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Brassica napobrassica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spainish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaalikas" title="Kaalikas – Eastlands" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kaalikas" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Eastlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbi-aza" title="Arbi-aza – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Arbi-aza" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%85_%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="شلغم زرد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شلغم زرد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanttu" title="Lanttu – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lanttu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutabaga" title="Rutabaga – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rutabaga" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steegr%C3%B6%C3%B6w" title="Steegrööw – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Steegrööw" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svaeid" title="Svaeid – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Svaeid" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutabaga" title="Rutabaga – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Rutabaga" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%98%D7%91%D7%92%D7%94" title="רוטבגה – Ebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רוטבגה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podzemna_koraba" title="Podzemna koraba – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Podzemna koraba" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulir%C4%9Bpa" title="Kulirěpa – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Kulirěpa" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutabaga" title="Rutabaga – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Rutabaga" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kar%C3%B3r%C3%A9pa" title="Karórépa – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Karórépa" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%A5%D5%B2" title="Գոնգեղ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գոնգեղ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutabaga" title="Rutabaga – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rutabaga" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulr%C3%B3fa" title="Gulrófa – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gulrófa" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutabaga" title="Rutabaga – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rutabaga" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%82%BF%E3%83%90%E3%82%AC" title="ルタバガ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルタバガ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Асханалық тарна – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Асханалық тарна" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%ED%83%80%EB%B0%94%EA%B0%80" title="루타바가 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="루타바가" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C3%AAlim" title="Şêlim – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şêlim" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галанка – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Галанка" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brassica_napus_Grex_Napobrassica" title="Brassica napus Grex Napobrassica – Laitin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Brassica napus Grex Napobrassica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Laitin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grie%C5%BEtis" title="Griežtis – Lithuanie" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Griežtis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanie" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%81lis" title="Kālis – Letts" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kālis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letts" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97" title="റുട്ടബാഗ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റുട്ടബാഗ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Манжин – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Манжин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koolraap" title="Koolraap – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koolraap" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A5lrot" title="Kålrot – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kålrot" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A5lrot" title="Kålrot – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kålrot" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ts%C3%A9yaa_hataa%C5%82%C3%AD" title="Tséyaa hataałí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Tséyaa hataałí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D1%81_%D1%86%C3%A6%D1%85%C3%A6%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Урс цæхæра – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Урс цæхæра" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chounavioe" title="Chounavioe – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Chounavioe" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brukiew" title="Brukiew – Polls" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Brukiew" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polls" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutabaga" title="Rutabaga – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rutabaga" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Брюква – Roushien" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Брюква" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Roushien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutabaga" title="Rutabaga – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Rutabaga" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapusta_repkov%C3%A1_kvakov%C3%A1" title="Kapusta repková kvaková – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kapusta repková kvaková" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koleraba" title="Koleraba – Slovein" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Koleraba" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovein" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podzemna_koraba" title="Podzemna koraba – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Podzemna koraba" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A4kr%C3%A4iwe_(Brassica_napus)" title="Stäkräiwe (Brassica napus) – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Stäkräiwe (Brassica napus)" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Dern</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Frae Wikipedia, the free beuk o knawledge</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sco" dir="ltr"><div> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Neep </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Rutabaga,_variety_nadmorska.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Rutabaga%2C_variety_nadmorska.JPG/220px-Rutabaga%2C_variety_nadmorska.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Rutabaga%2C_variety_nadmorska.JPG/330px-Rutabaga%2C_variety_nadmorska.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Rutabaga%2C_variety_nadmorska.JPG/440px-Rutabaga%2C_variety_nadmorska.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxonomy_(biology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taxonomy (biology) (page disna exeest)">Scientific classification</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kinrick: </td> <td><span class="kinrick"><a href="/wiki/Plantae" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantae">Plantae</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>(unranked): </td> <td><span class="(unranked)"><a href="/wiki/Angiosperms" class="mw-redirect" title="Angiosperms">Angiosperms</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>(unranked): </td> <td><span class="(unranked)"><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>(unranked): </td> <td><span class="(unranked)"><a href="/wiki/Rosids" title="Rosids">Rosids</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><span class="order"><a href="/wiki/Brassicales" title="Brassicales">Brassicales</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Faimily: </td> <td><span class="faimily"><a href="/wiki/Brassicaceae" title="Brassicaceae">Brassicaceae</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><span class="genus"><i><a href="/wiki/Brassica" title="Brassica">Brassica</a></i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><span class="species"><i><b>B. napobrassica</b></i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" class="mw-redirect" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><i>Brassica napobrassica</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="/wiki/L." class="mw-redirect" title="L.">L.</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_Miller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philip Miller (page disna exeest)">Mill.</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <p>The <b>neep</b>, aiblins mair correctly the <b>Swade neep</b> (<i><a href="/wiki/Brassica" title="Brassica">Brassica</a> napobrassica</i>, or <i><a href="/wiki/Brassica_napus" class="mw-redirect" title="Brassica napus">Brassica napus</a></i> var. <i>napobrassica</i>), is a vegetable growed maistly for its ruits tae be aet bi humans an as fodder for beasts. Neeps cam frae the hutherin o <i>Brassica oleracea</i> (kail an its maiks) an <i>Brassica rapa</i> (a group that includes "white turnips", bok choy an maiks)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. The terminology an uiss o the name "neep" tae effeir tae a hantle o gey sib vegetables growed in Scotland is dernt an taigelt aften wi ae name gien tae twa sindert vegetables.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The day, neeps (chappit) are weel-kent as ae pairt o a Burns' Supper, aet alang wi haggis an chappit tatties. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swade&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Eedit section: Etymology" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swade&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Etymology"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Scots wird "<i>neep</i>" cam frae Middle English <i>nepe</i>, that itsel cam frae Auld English <i>næp</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The wird <i>neep</i> effeirt tae the "white or common turnip" (<i>B. rapa</i>) in Scotland frae afore the 15t C, <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an syne tae <i>B. napobrassica</i> efter it wis brocht tae Scotland frae Scandinavia.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Whan first plantit athort Scotland in the 18t C, the ruit wis cried "<i>ruta baga</i>" an "<i>Swedish neep</i>" tae sindert it frae the hamelt kynd (<i>B. rapa</i>) that haed aye been growen in Scotland<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. <i>Ruta baga</i> (nou <i>rutabaga</i>) is frae the Swedish wird <i>rotabagge</i> meanin <i>ruit poke</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whiles the feck o Scots cry the ruits <i>neeps</i> the day, some pairts o Scotland uise the wird <i>baigies</i>; the wird is thocht tae cam frae <i>rutabaga</i><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_in_Scotland">History in Scotland</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swade&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Eedit section: History in Scotland" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swade&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: History in Scotland"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wi the agricultural revolution o the 18t century, a wheen o new an sindry craps war brocht tae Scotland, ane o sicna craps wis the neep. No aa parochs in Scotland taen tae the "Swedish" neep richt awa. In Kilconquhar paroch, Fife, the Swedish neep wis first sawn in 1786 an wis heezit as a crap at wis hardier nor the common neep agin frost an flees.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aathou the Swedish neep wisna sae ready tae bolt as the common ane an didna scrocken an foust efter crappin siclike the common neep, it wis aften a guid while afore fairmers in some parochs wad taen tae the new kynd.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In twa-three pairts, the sawin o Swedish neeps dwyned awa efter bein fouthie--in Broughton, Peebles in 1845, it wis said at "<i>the Swedish Turnip has fallen into disrepute</i>".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The day, neeps are a fouthie an wallie crap growen in Scotland. In 2016, the year hairst o neeps wis 58,000 tonne <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Maist grund gien tae growin neeps is for stockfeed. O the about 6,000 hectare o neeps growen in Scotland 2011, about three-quarter wis winter feed for beasts<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uiss">Uiss</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swade&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Eedit section: Uiss" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swade&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Uiss"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Afore pumpkins wis easy gotten in Scotland (nae lang syne), swades an <a href="/wiki/Neep" title="Neep">neeps</a> wis howed an cairved wi faces for tae mak lantrens for <a href="/wiki/Hallae_e%27en" class="mw-redirect" title="Hallae e'en">Hallae e'en</a>. </p><p>The Swades ceuks swades wi <a href="/wiki/Tattie" title="Tattie">tatties</a> an champ them wi <a href="/wiki/Butter" title="Butter">butter</a> an <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">milk</a> tae mak a puree cried "<i>rotmos</i>" (ruit mash). In <a href="/wiki/Norrowey" class="mw-redirect" title="Norrowey">Norrowey</a>, swades is mixed wi tatties, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cairot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cairot (page disna exeest)">cairots</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ingan" title="Ingan">ingans</a> an <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ream&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ream (page disna exeest)">ream</a> for tae mak a seemlar mixtur-maxtur cried "<i>kålrabistappe</i>". In Scotland, the same vegetables is byled an champit seperate for tae mak "neeps an tatties", tradeetionally serred wi the Scots naitional dish o <a href="/wiki/Haggis" title="Haggis">haggis</a> as the main coorse o a <a href="/wiki/Burns_supper" title="Burns supper">Burns supper</a>. Neeps is uised forby in mony soups an stews. In <a href="/wiki/Canadae" title="Canadae">Canadae</a> neeps is uised as fuller in fuids sic as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mincemeat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mincemeat (page disna exeest)">mincemeat</a> an <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christenmas_cake&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christenmas cake (page disna exeest)">Christenmas cake</a>, or as a side dish wi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunday_denner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunday denner (page disna exeest)">Sunday denner</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Atlantic_Canadae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atlantic Canadae (page disna exeest)">Atlantic Canadae</a>. In the US, neeps is for the maist pairt eaten as pairt o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stew (page disna exeest)">stews</a> or <a href="/w/index.php?title=Casserole&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Casserole (page disna exeest)">casseroles</a>, is serred champit wi cairots, or is beuk in a <a href="/wiki/Bridie" title="Bridie">bridie</a>. </p><p>The toun o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumberland,_Wisconsin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cumberland, Wisconsin (page disna exeest)">Cumberland, Wisconsin</a>, USA, rins a "<i>Rutabaga Festival</i>" ilka year, aye the weekend afore Labour Day Weekend. The <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Rutabaga_Curling_Championship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Rutabaga Curling Championship (page disna exeest)">International Rutabaga Curling Championship</a></i> taks place ance a year at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ithaca,_New_York&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ithaca, New York (page disna exeest)">Ithaca, New York</a> fermers' mercat. </p><p>Ower muckle consumption o swades (as weel as <a href="/wiki/Cassava" title="Cassava">cassava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">maize</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bamboo_shuit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bamboo shuit (page disna exeest)">bamboo shuits</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sweet_tatties&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sweet tatties (page disna exeest)">sweet tatties</a>, an <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lima_bean&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lima bean (page disna exeest)">lima beans</a>) can be associate wi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypothyroidism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hypothyroidism (page disna exeest)">hypothyroidism</a>. Thae <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyanoglucoside&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyanoglucoside (page disna exeest)">cyanoglucoside</a>-haudin fuids gies oot cyanide. Syne it's detoxifee'd intae <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thiocyanate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thiocyanate (page disna exeest)">thiocyanate</a>. Thiocyanate hauds back thyroid iodide transport an, for muckle doses, competes wi iodide in the organeefication process athin thyroid tissue. Goiters can growe whan there is mair thiocyanate-haudin fuid in the diet nor iodine-haudin fuid. </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swade&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Eedit section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swade&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.usda.gov/java/ClassificationServlet?source=display&classid=BRASS2">"Classification of Brassica genus | USDA PLANTS"</a>. <i>plants.usda.gov</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=plants.usda.gov&rft.atitle=Classification+of+Brassica+genus+%7C+USDA+PLANTS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplants.usda.gov%2Fjava%2FClassificationServlet%3Fsource%3Ddisplay%26classid%3DBRASS2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ASwade" class="Z3988"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r809032">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSmillie2010" class="citation web cs1">Smillie, Susan (25 Januar 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2010/jan/25/neeps-swede-or-turnip">"Are 'neeps' swedes or turnips?"</a>. <i>the Guardian</i> (in Inglis)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=the+Guardian&rft.atitle=Are+%27neeps%27+swedes+or+turnips%3F&rft.date=2010-01-25&rft.aulast=Smillie&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flifeandstyle%2Fwordofmouth%2F2010%2Fjan%2F25%2Fneeps-swede-or-turnip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ASwade" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/neep">"neep | Origin and meaning of neep by Online Etymology Dictionary"</a>. <i>www.etymonline.com</i> (in Inglis).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.etymonline.com&rft.atitle=neep+%7C+Origin+and+meaning+of+neep+by+Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fneep&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ASwade" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210413171315/https://dsl.ac.uk/entry/dost/nepe_n_1">"Dictionary of the Scots Language:: DOST :: nepe n 1"</a>. Archived frae <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dsl.ac.uk/entry/dost/nepe_n_1">the original</a> on 13 Apryle 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+the+Scots+Language%3A%3A+DOST+%3A%3A+nepe+n+1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdsl.ac.uk%2Fentry%2Fdost%2Fnepe_n_1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ASwade" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/neep_n1_v">"Dictionary of the Scots Language:: SND :: neep n1 v"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+the+Scots+Language%3A%3A+SND+%3A%3A+neep+n1+v&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdsl.ac.uk%2Fentry%2Fsnd%2Fneep_n1_v&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ASwade" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREF"K"1796" class="citation news cs1">"K" (1 August 1796). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000545/17960801/015/0038">"Agricultural Remarks and Observations of The Ruta Baga or Swedish Turnip"</a>. <i>The Scots Magazine</i>. p. 544<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Scots+Magazine&rft.atitle=Agricultural+Remarks+and+Observations+of+The+Ruta+Baga+or+Swedish+Turnip&rft.pages=544&rft.date=1796-08-01&rft.au=%22K%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk%2Fviewer%2Fbl%2F0000545%2F17960801%2F015%2F0038&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ASwade" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/rutabaga">"rutabaga | Origin and meaning of rutabaga by Online Etymology Dictionary"</a>. <i>www.etymonline.com</i> (in Inglis).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.etymonline.com&rft.atitle=rutabaga+%7C+Origin+and+meaning+of+rutabaga+by+Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Frutabaga&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ASwade" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=dmAm_GvI-9sC&lpg=PP2&pg=PA102#v=onepage&q=bagie&f=false"><i>Stotty 'n' Spice Cake: The Story of North East Cooking</i></a> (in Inglis). Northumbria University Press. 2006. p. 102. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-904794-21-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-904794-21-9"><bdi>978-1-904794-21-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stotty+%27n%27+Spice+Cake%3A+The+Story+of+North+East+Cooking&rft.pages=102&rft.pub=Northumbria+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-904794-21-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.uk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdmAm_GvI-9sC%26lpg%3DPP2%26pg%3DPA102%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbagie%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ASwade" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stataccscot.edina.ac.uk:443/link/osa-vol9-p289-parish-fife-kilconquhar">"Kilconquhar, County of Fife"</a>. <i>Old Statistical Account of Scotand</i>. <b>IX</b>: 289. 1793.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Old+Statistical+Account+of+Scotand&rft.atitle=Kilconquhar%2C+County+of+Fife&rft.volume=IX&rft.pages=289&rft.date=1793&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstataccscot.edina.ac.uk%3A443%2Flink%2Fosa-vol9-p289-parish-fife-kilconquhar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ASwade" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title=" since August 2024" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Link_rot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Link rot (page disna exeest)">deid airtin</a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stataccscot.edina.ac.uk/static/statacc/dist/viewer/osa-vol14-Parish_record_for_Corstorphine_in_the_county_of_Edinburgh_in_volume_14_of_account_1/osa-vol14-p453-parish-edinburgh-corstorphine">"Corstorphine, County of Edinburgh"</a>. <i>Old Statistical Account of Scotland</i>. <b>XIV</b>: 453. 1795.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Old+Statistical+Account+of+Scotland&rft.atitle=Corstorphine%2C+County+of+Edinburgh&rft.volume=XIV&rft.pages=453&rft.date=1795&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstataccscot.edina.ac.uk%2Fstatic%2Fstatacc%2Fdist%2Fviewer%2Fosa-vol14-Parish_record_for_Corstorphine_in_the_county_of_Edinburgh_in_volume_14_of_account_1%2Fosa-vol14-p453-parish-edinburgh-corstorphine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ASwade" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title=" since August 2024" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Link_rot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Link rot (page disna exeest)">deid airtin</a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stataccscot.edina.ac.uk/static/statacc/dist/viewer/nsa-vol3-Parish_record_for_Broughton_Glenholm_and_Kilbucho_in_the_county_of_Peebles_in_volume_3_of_account_2/nsa-vol3-p91-parish-peebles-broughton_glenholm_and_kilbucho">"Broughton, Glenholm, and Kilbucho, County of Peebles"</a>. <i>New Statistical Account of Scotland</i>. <b>III</b>: 91. 1845.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Statistical+Account+of+Scotland&rft.atitle=Broughton%2C+Glenholm%2C+and+Kilbucho%2C+County+of+Peebles&rft.volume=III&rft.pages=91&rft.date=1845&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstataccscot.edina.ac.uk%2Fstatic%2Fstatacc%2Fdist%2Fviewer%2Fnsa-vol3-Parish_record_for_Broughton_Glenholm_and_Kilbucho_in_the_county_of_Peebles_in_volume_3_of_account_2%2Fnsa-vol3-p91-parish-peebles-broughton_glenholm_and_kilbucho&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ASwade" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title=" since August 2024" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Link_rot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Link rot (page disna exeest)">deid airtin</a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.scot/publications/economic-report-on-scottish-agriculture-tables-2020-edition/">"Scottish agriculture tables - economic report: 2020 edition - gov.scot"</a>. <i>www.gov.scot</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.gov.scot&rft.atitle=Scottish+agriculture+tables+-+economic+report%3A+2020+edition+-+gov.scot&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.scot%2Fpublications%2Feconomic-report-on-scottish-agriculture-tables-2020-edition%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ASwade" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200920193119/https://www.sruc.ac.uk/directory_record/3190/swedes_and_turnips">"Swedes and Turnips"</a>. <i>www.sruc.ac.uk</i> (in Inglis). Archived frae <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sruc.ac.uk/directory_record/3190/swedes_and_turnips">the original</a> on 20 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sruc.ac.uk&rft.atitle=Swedes+and+Turnips&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sruc.ac.uk%2Fdirectory_record%2F3190%2Fswedes_and_turnips&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ASwade" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fremmit_airtins">Fremmit airtins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swade&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Eedit section: Fremmit airtins" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swade&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Fremmit airtins"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gourmet.sympatico.ca/vegetables/root/swede.htm">Collogue on this vegetable in detail</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041208162005/http://gourmet.sympatico.ca/vegetables/root/swede.htm">Archived</a> 2004-12-08 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/afcm/rutabaga.html">Alternative Field Crops Manual: Rutabaga</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rutastudies.org/">Mair wittins an links, baith serious an less sae</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061231002023/http://www.rutastudies.org/">Archived</a> 2006-12-31 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.formulaforlife.com.au/asp/vegetables.asp?cmd=show&vegetableid=46&letter=S">http://www.formulaforlife.com.au/asp/vegetables.asp?cmd=show&vegetableid=46&letter=S</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130730180930/http://www.formulaforlife.com.au/asp/vegetables.asp?cmd=show&vegetableid=46&letter=S">Archived</a> 2013-07-30 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;color:#000"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons haes media relatit tae <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Brassica_napus" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Brassica napus">Brassica napus</a></b></i>.</td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Onopordum_acanthium_002.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Stub icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Onopordum_acanthium_002.JPG/36px-Onopordum_acanthium_002.JPG" decoding="async" width="36" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Onopordum_acanthium_002.JPG/54px-Onopordum_acanthium_002.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Onopordum_acanthium_002.JPG/72px-Onopordum_acanthium_002.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1322" data-file-height="1763" /></a></span></td><td><i>This plaunt-relatit airticle is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub" title="Wikipedia:Stub">stub</a>. 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