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href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Japan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"><span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span><span>日本</span></span> </div></a> <ul id="toc-Japan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul></li> <li id="toc-Jordan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"><a class="vector-toc-link" href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Jordan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"><span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span><span>約旦</span></span> </div></a> <ul id="toc-Jordan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul></li> <li id="toc-Peru" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"><a class="vector-toc-link" href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Peru"> <div class="vector-toc-text"><span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span><span>秘鲁</span></span> </div></a> <ul id="toc-Peru-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul></li> <li id="toc-Russia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"><a class="vector-toc-link" href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Russia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"><span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span><span>俄罗斯</span></span> </div></a> <ul id="toc-Russia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul></li> <li id="toc-South_Korea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"><a class="vector-toc-link" href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#South_Korea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"><span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span><span>大韩民国</span></span> </div></a> <ul id="toc-South_Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul></li> <li id="toc-Taiwan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"><a class="vector-toc-link" href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Taiwan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"><span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span><span>中華民國</span></span> </div></a> <ul id="toc-Taiwan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li id="toc-普通法系国家" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"><a class="vector-toc-link" href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#普通法系国家"> <div class="vector-toc-text"><span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>普通法系国家</span> </div></a> <button aria-controls="toc-普通法系国家-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon 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</div></a> <ul id="toc-如何使用PD-signature標籤-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul></li> <li id="toc-簽名和商標保護" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"><a class="vector-toc-link" href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#簽名和商標保護"> <div class="vector-toc-text"><span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>簽名和商標保護</span> </div></a> <ul id="toc-簽名和商標保護-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul></li> <li id="toc-重複使用簽名圖像" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"><a class="vector-toc-link" href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#重複使用簽名圖像"> <div class="vector-toc-text"><span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>重複使用簽名圖像</span> </div></a> <ul id="toc-重複使用簽名圖像-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> 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print{.mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none}}</style> <div role="note" class="hatnote" lang="zh" dir="ltr"> “COM:SIG”重定向至此。對於the official guideline on signing of posts on Commons，請參閱<a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Signatures/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Signatures/zh">共享資源:簽名</a>。 </div> <p><span id="shortcut" class="coordinates" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Shortcuts?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Shortcuts">Shortcut</a>: <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Commons:SIG&redirect=no&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">COM:SIG</a></span></span></p> <div class="notice metadata" id="nutshell" style="border-top:2px solid #ddd; border-bottom:2px solid #ddd; margin:10px; padding:7px;"> <table style="width:100%;"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/40px-Walnut.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/60px-Walnut.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/80px-Walnut.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192"></span></span></td> <td style="width:100%;"><b>本頁簡而言之：</b> 沒有專門涉及簽名的立法或先例。必須使用常識： <ul> <li>複製永久模型並被其作者用作個人身份證明的通常簽名沒有藝術意義。它的法律地位類似於品牌或標誌的法律地位：可以復制，只要復制不能被誤認為是真實簽名。</li> <li>一些簽名是出於藝術目的而繪製的，通常作為藝術作品的一部分。作為藝術作品本身的結果，此類簽名通常不遵循固定模式。他們必須被視為受到作者權利的保護。</li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="copyright-navbox"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r356016536">.mw-parser-output .copyright-navbox{float:right;box-sizing:content-box;width:282px;margin:5px 0 10px 10px;border:1px solid #72777d;padding:5px;background-color:white}.mw-parser-output .copyright-navbox-title{border:1px solid #72777d;border-bottom:none;padding:5px;background-color:#ccf;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .copyright-navbox-caption{font-size:smaller}@media all and (max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .copyright-navbox{float:none;width:auto!important;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .copyright-navbox>div{float:none!important;width:auto!important}.mw-parser-output .copyright-navbox-images img{max-width:100%}}</style> <div class="copyright-navbox-title"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Blue_copyright.svg/20px-Blue_copyright.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Blue_copyright.svg/30px-Blue_copyright.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Blue_copyright.svg/40px-Blue_copyright.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="197"></span></span> <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Copyright rules/zh">著作权</a> </div> <div style="width:;text-align:center; line-height:normal; float:none; border:1px solid gray; font-size:smaller; margin-bottom:5px; padding:5px;background:#f8f8f8;"> <div class="hlist hlist-separated"> <ul> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_subject_matter/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Copyright rules by subject matter/zh">共享資源:各種題材的著作權法規</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Copyright rules by territory/zh">共享资源:各地著作权法规</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Copyright_tags/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Copyright tags/zh">共享資源:著作權標籤</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Cheque/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Cheque/zh">共享資源:支票</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Commissioned_works?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Commissioned works">Commissioned works</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Currency/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Currency/zh">共享资源:货币</a></span></li> <li><i><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:De_minimis/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:De minimis/zh">共享资源:最低限度</a></span></i></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Derivative works/zh">共享资源:衍生作品</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Freedom_of_panorama/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Freedom of panorama/zh">共享资源:全景自由</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Government_works/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Government works/zh">Government works</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Stamps/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Stamps/zh">共享資源:郵票</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Threshold_of_originality/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Threshold of originality/zh">共享资源:原创门槛</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Unprotected_works/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Unprotected works/zh">共享资源:不受保护</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">共享資源:何时使用PD-signature标签</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Hesse_Signature.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hesse_Signature.svg/220px-Hesse_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hesse_Signature.svg/330px-Hesse_Signature.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hesse_Signature.svg/440px-Hesse_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="121"></a> <figcaption> <span class="mw-translate-fuzzy">此處允許使用<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman_Hesse" class="extiw" title="en:Herman Hesse">Herman Hesse</a>簽名，因為它在德國或美國均不符合版權保護條件</span> </figcaption> </figure> <p>本頁解釋了何時使用<a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Template:PD-signature?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Template:PD-signature">{{PD-signature}}</a>。</p> <p><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Template:PD-signature?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Template:PD-signature">{{PD-signature}}</a>模板用於在個人簽名被認為不符合美國和當地法律的版權保護條件時標記個人簽名的掃描件或照片。與Commons上的大多數內容一樣，只有在公共領域或在美國和當地法律下兩者的免費許可下才可以保留該圖像。美國法律不授予典型個人簽名的版權，因此唯一的問題通常是簽名是否受當地法律保護。</p> <p>此標籤不適用於因年齡而失去版權的簽名，例如作者在70多年前去世（或任何當地版權條款）。只需使用諸如<a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Template:PD-Old?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:PD-Old">{{PD-Old}}</a>之類的標籤。</p> <p>在許多（但不是所有）國家/地區，典型簽名不被認為具有足夠的原創性，無法獲得版權保護。</p> <p>在所有情況下，都必須使用判斷，因為沒有絕對的規則來定義簽名是否能夠獲得版權保護；如果簽名足夠複雜以成為受保護的藝術作品（類似於非平凡的繪圖），通常不授予簽名版權的國家可能會這樣做；另一方面，如果簽名非常簡單（例如一兩條潦草的線條），通常授予版權的國家可能不會這樣做。</p> <p>哪個國家的法律適用於特定簽名可能並不總是很明顯（這可能是一個困難的法律問題），但採用個人的國籍國將是一個好的開始。</p> <p><span id="United_States"></span></p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"> <h2 id="美国" data-mw-thread-id="h-美国"><span id=".E7.BE.8E.E5.9B.BD"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-美国"></span>美国<span data-mw-comment-end="h-美国"></span></h2> </div> <div class="crt-section-header" dir="ltr"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r999636715">.mw-parser-output .crt-section-header{background-color:#f8f8f8}.mw-parser-output .crt-section-transcludedfrom{float:right;margin-left:5px;margin-right:0;border:1px solid gray;background:linear-gradient(white,#f8f8f8);padding:5px;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .crt-section-header[dir="ltr"] .crt-section-transcludedfrom{float:right;margin-left:5px;margin-right:0}.mw-parser-output .crt-section-header[dir="rtl"] .crt-section-transcludedfrom{float:left;margin-right:5px;margin-left:0}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .crt-section-header{background-color:#242526}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .crt-section-transcludedfrom{background:linear-gradient(#202122,#242526)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .crt-section-header{background-color:#242526}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .crt-section-transcludedfrom{background:linear-gradient(#202122,#f8f8f8)}}</style> <div class="crt-section-transcludedfrom"> 文本嵌入自<br><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory/United_States/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#签名" title="Commons:Copyright rules by territory/United States/zh">COM:SIG United States</a> </div> <h4 id="United_States" data-mw-thread-id="h-United_States-美国"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-United_States-美国"></span><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%25E7%25BE%258E%25E5%259B%25BD" class="extiw" title="w:zh:美国"><span title="country primarily located in North America">美國</span></a><span data-mw-comment-end="h-United_States-美国"></span></h4> </div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></span></span> <b><bdi>OK</bdi></b>用於典型簽名。在<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ1.html%23wnp">第1號版權通告</a>中，美國版權局列出了不能授予版權保護的內容，包括標題、名稱、短語和口號；熟悉的符號或設計；以及印刷裝飾、字體或顏色的簡單變體。</p> <p>美國<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://ipmall.info/hosted_resources/CopyrightCompendium/chapter_0500.asp">版權綱要，第503.02(2)章</a>規定，在橫紋草布上繪製的中國書法字符將被剝奪版權。它指出像印刷術一樣，書法本身不受版權保護，儘管書法筆觸在條紋表面上取得了效果。因此，書法似乎無法得到保護，並且以此類推，簽名也無法得到保護。</p> <p>在<a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons_talk:Licensing/Archive_11?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Autographs.2Fsignatures" title="Commons talk:Licensing/Archive 11">Commons talk:Licensing/Archive 11#Autographs.2Fsignatures</a>中，有提到<a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/User:BrokenSphere?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="User:BrokenSphere">User:BrokenSphere</a>已向美國版權局發送電子郵件，並收到回复簽名不可受版權保護。</p> <p>如果簽名足夠複雜以在美國被視為受保護的藝術作品（類似於非平凡的繪圖），則無論當地法律規定的位置如何，它都不能託管在 Commons上，除非它已根據兼容許可證獲得許可或將根據某些其他規則（例如版權到期）進入公有領域。</p> <p><span id="Copyright_formalities"></span></p> <p><span id="Civil_law_countries"></span></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"> <h2 id="民法法系国家" data-mw-thread-id="h-民法法系国家"><span id=".E6.B0.91.E6.B3.95.E6.B3.95.E7.B3.BB.E5.9B.BD.E5.AE.B6"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-民法法系国家"></span>民法法系国家<span data-mw-comment-end="h-民法法系国家"></span></h2> </div> <p>大陸法系國家要求相對較高的最低智力創造力水平，這會將典型簽名排除在版權保護之外。</p> <p><i>如果您知道任何國家/地區對此問題的具體判例法或法律建議，請在下方添加條目。</i></p> <div class="crt-section-header" dir="ltr"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999636715"> <div class="crt-section-transcludedfrom"> 文本嵌入自<br><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory/Germany/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#签名" title="Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Germany/zh">COM:SIG Germany</a> </div> <h4 id="Germany" data-mw-thread-id="h-Germany-民法法系国家"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Germany-民法法系国家"></span><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%25E5%25BE%25B7%25E5%259B%25BD" class="extiw" title="w:zh:德国"><span title="country in Central Europe">德國</span></a><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Germany-民法法系国家"></span></h4> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>German copyright law requires a high <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threshold_of_originality" class="extiw" title="en:Threshold of originality">threshold of originality</a>, called <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sch%25C3%25B6pfungsh%25C3%25B6he" class="extiw" title="de:Schöpfungshöhe">Schöpfungshöhe</a>.</p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></span></span> <b><bdi>OK</bdi></b> for a typical signature. The relevant law is the <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gesetz_%25C3%25BCber_Urheberrecht_und_verwandte_Schutzrechte" class="extiw" title="de:Gesetz über Urheberrecht und verwandte Schutzrechte">Urheberrechtsgesetz</a>, abbreviated UrhG. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dejure.org/gesetze/UrhG/2.html">Paragraph 2(2) UrhG</a> makes it clear that there is a threshold of originality that must be met: <i>"Werke im Sinne dieses Gesetzes sind nur persönliche geistige Schöpfungen"</i>, which can be roughly translated as <i>"According to this law, only personal intellectual creations are considered as works."</i> The <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sch%25C3%25B6pfungsh%25C3%25B6he" class="extiw" title="de:Schöpfungshöhe">Schöpfungshöhe</a> defines the minimal requirements that must be met for a work to become a copyrightable intellectual creation. In this context, signatures are comparable to <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gebrauchsgrafik" class="extiw" title="de:Gebrauchsgrafik">simple graphics that just fulfill some practical purpose</a> which are likewise not eligible for copyright as documented by following cases:</p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <ul> <li><i>OLG Köln, 6 U 199/85 (GRUR 1986, 889)</i> ruled that <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:ARD_logo.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="File:ARD logo.svg">this image</a> is ineligible for copyright including its animation</li> <li><i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Constitutional_Court_of_Germany" class="extiw" title="en:Federal Constitutional Court of Germany">BVerfG</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.bverfg.de/entscheidungen/rk20050126_1bvr157102.html">1 BvR 1571/02</a></i> ruled that <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Laufendes-Auge.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="File:Laufendes-Auge.jpg">this image</a> is ineligible for copyright because it is a work of applied art serving a practical purpose which requires a higher threshold of originality</li> </ul> <p>In general, simple type faces and signatures for practical purposes are not eligible for copyright. To quote from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.de/books?id%3D6i_B3deSB0cC%26pg%3DPA118">Haimo Schack: <i>Urheber- und Urhebervertragsrecht</i>, p. 118:</a></p> <dl> <dd> <i>"Dagegen wird ein Urheberschutz von Schriftzeichen von der Rechtssprechung in aller Regel verneint. Auch das einprägsame Signet der "ARD-1" erfüllte nicht die Anforderungen an eine persönliche geistige Schöpfung. Seit dem 1.6.2004 werden Schriftzeichen nicht mehr über das Schriftzeichengesetz, sondern unmittelbar als Geschmacksmuster geschützt (vgl § 61 GeschmMG)."</i> </dd> </dl> <p>Rough translation:</p> <dl> <dd> <i>"In contrast, copyright protection for typefaces is declined by the prevailing case law. Even the catchy logo "ARD-1" did not fulfil the requirements of a personal intellectual creation. Since 1 June 2004 type faces are no longer protected by the Schriftzeichengesetz (law for type faces) but as design patents (see § 61 GeschmMG)."</i> </dd> </dl> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>See also <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rechtsschutz_von_Schriftzeichen%23Schutz_handschriftlicher_Schriftarten_und_Gestaltungen" class="extiw" title="de:Rechtsschutz von Schriftzeichen">de:Rechtsschutz von Schriftzeichen#Schutz handschriftlicher Schriftarten und Gestaltungen</a>.</p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>However, there may still be copyright be if the signature is sufficiently complex to become a protectable artistic work (e.g. because it has more creativity than <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Laufendes-Auge.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="File:Laufendes-Auge.jpg">this image</a> - see above).</p> </div> <p><span id="See_also"></span> <span id="China,_People's_Republic_of"></span></p> <div class="crt-section-header" dir="ltr"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999636715"> <div class="crt-section-transcludedfrom"> 文本嵌入自<br><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory/China/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#签名" title="Commons:Copyright rules by territory/China/zh">COM:SIG China</a> </div> <h4 id="China" data-mw-thread-id="h-China-民法法系国家"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-China-民法法系国家"></span><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E5%259C%258B" class="extiw" title="w:zh:中國"><span title="cultural region, ancient civilization, and nation in East Asia, mostly refer to the People's Republic of China in political situation and rarely refer to the Republic of China">中國</span></a><span data-mw-comment-end="h-China-民法法系国家"></span></h4> </div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></span></span> <b>Not OK</b> 根据中华人民共和国的法律，作品是否受著作权保护，要看是否具有<b>独创性</b>，独创性的作品著作权由作者所有（《<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/zh:%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E5%258D%258E%25E4%25BA%25BA%25E6%25B0%2591%25E5%2585%25B1%25E5%2592%258C%25E5%259B%25BD%25E8%2591%2597%25E4%25BD%259C%25E6%259D%2583%25E6%25B3%2595_(2020%25E5%25B9%25B4)" class="extiw" title="wikisource:zh:中华人民共和国著作权法 (2020年)">中华人民共和国著作权法 (2020年)</a>》第十四条：“汇编若干作品、作品的片段或者不构成作品的数据或者其他材料，对其内容的选择或者编排体现独创性的作品，为汇编作品，其著作权由汇编人享有，但行使著作权时，不得侵犯原作品的著作权”），而签名一般均为独立创作而非模仿。</p> <p>事实上，中国人包含汉字的签名可认为有书法性质，属于<b>美术作品</b>（《<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/zh:%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E5%258D%258E%25E4%25BA%25BA%25E6%25B0%2591%25E5%2585%25B1%25E5%2592%258C%25E5%259B%25BD%25E8%2591%2597%25E4%25BD%259C%25E6%259D%2583%25E6%25B3%2595%25E5%25AE%259E%25E6%2596%25BD%25E6%259D%25A1%25E4%25BE%258B_(2002%25E5%25B9%25B4)" class="extiw" title="wikisource:zh:中华人民共和国著作权法实施条例 (2002年)">中华人民共和国著作权法实施条例 (2002年)</a>》第四条：“(八)美术作品，是指绘画、书法、雕塑等以线条、色彩或者其他方式构成的有审美意义的平面或者立体的造型艺术作品”），受到著作权保护。典型案例是道琼斯公司使用了书法家关东升书写的仅一个“道”字。2003年，关东升诉诸北京市第一中级人民法院并胜诉。</p> <p><b>例外情况：</b><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></span></span> <b><bdi>OK</bdi></b></p> <ul> <li>假如签名来自国家机关的立法、行政、司法性质的文件，可以认为是公有领域，并请加上<a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Template:PD-PRC-exempt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Template:PD-PRC-exempt"><span style="font-family:monospace,monospace;">{{PD-PRC-exempt}}</span></a>。</li> <li>作者死亡50年以上的签名属于公有领域。</li> <li>假如该字样并非手写签名，而是规范的、通用的宋体、黑体、楷体字样，那么可能在公有领域，尽管如此，还是要注意IT公司创作的电脑字型的矢量字形可能依然有版权。</li> </ul> <p><span id="Stamps"></span></p> <div class="crt-section-header" dir="ltr"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999636715"> <div class="crt-section-transcludedfrom"> 文本嵌入自<br><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory/Japan/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#签名" title="Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Japan/zh">COM:SIG Japan</a> </div> <h4 id="Japan" data-mw-thread-id="h-Japan-民法法系国家"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Japan-民法法系国家"></span><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%25E6%2597%25A5%25E6%259C%25AC" class="extiw" title="w:zh:日本"><span title="island country in East Asia">日本</span></a><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Japan-民法法系国家"></span></h4> </div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></span></span> <b><bdi>OK</bdi></b>代表典型簽名，<span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></span></span> <b>Not OK</b>代表書法簽名。該判例<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.courts.go.jp/app/hanrei_jp/detail7?id%3D54774">平成10(受)332</a>（Hanrei Jiho No. 1730: 123）為字體設置了相對較高的藝術門檻。判例<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.courts.go.jp/app/hanrei_jp/detail7?id%3D13555">平成10(ワ)14675</a>證明書法作品受版權保護<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。根據著作權法第二條第一款第一項的規定，“作品是指以創造性的方式表達思想感情的，屬於文學、科學、藝術、音樂領域的作品”。簽名必須具有“能夠進行藝術欣賞的美學特性”，而不僅僅是“實用功能方面的美感”，才能獲得版權。</p> <p><span id="See_also"></span></p> <div class="crt-section-header" dir="ltr"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999636715"> <div class="crt-section-transcludedfrom"> 文本嵌入自<br><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory/Jordan/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#签名" title="Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Jordan/zh">COM:SIG Jordan</a> </div> <h4 id="Jordan" data-mw-thread-id="h-Jordan-民法法系国家"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Jordan-民法法系国家"></span><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%25E7%25BA%25A6%25E6%2597%25A6" class="extiw" title="w:zh:约旦"><span title="country in the Middle East">約旦</span></a><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Jordan-民法法系国家"></span></h4> </div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></span></span> <b><bdi>OK</bdi></b>用於典型簽名，基於<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/ar:%25D9%2582%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%2588%25D9%2586_%25D8%25AD%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9_%25D8%25AD%25D9%2582_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25A4%25D9%2584%25D9%2581_%25D9%2584%25D8%25B3%25D9%2586%25D8%25A9_1992_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25B9%25D8%25AF%25D9%2584_%25D8%25B3%25D9%2586%25D8%25A9_2005_(%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A3%25D8%25B1%25D8%25AF%25D9%2586)%23.D8.A7.D.8.82AF.D8.A7.D.8.82.A7.D9.82.A7.D9.8A.D9.D8.A7.D9.D9" class="extiw" title="wikisource:ar:قانون حماية حق المؤلف لسنة 1992 المعدل سنة 2005 (الأردن)">約旦版權法第3 條</a>，其中規定了哪些內容有資格獲得版權。</p> <p><span id="See_also"></span></p> <div class="crt-section-header" dir="ltr"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999636715"> <div class="crt-section-transcludedfrom"> 文本嵌入自<br><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory/Peru/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#签名" title="Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Peru/zh">COM:SIG Peru</a> </div> <h4 id="Peru" data-mw-thread-id="h-Peru-民法法系国家"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Peru-民法法系国家"></span><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%25E7%25A7%2598%25E9%25B2%2581" class="extiw" title="w:zh:秘鲁"><span title="sovereign state in South America">秘鲁</span></a><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Peru-民法法系国家"></span></h4> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></span></span> <b><bdi>OK</bdi></b> for a typical signature. Because calligraphies consist of trivial mechanical processes that do not involve artistic and literary efforts, they do not pass the threshold of originality due to the lack of reasonable creative and individual transmission during their process ("mera naturaleza de las cosas").<sup id="cite_ref-originalidadforsetti_2-0" class="reference"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-originalidadforsetti-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On Resolution No. 0286-1998/TPI-INDECOPI explains the differences between a creative work and a trivial work, therefore not all creations are authentic and not are subject for their protection.<sup id="cite_ref-Indecopi2015_3-0" class="reference"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Indecopi2015-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, Resolution No. 0148-2008/TPI-INDECOPI sets to the drawings of common use cannot pass the attributes of individuality, making the signatures look the same as the concept of uncopyrighted drawings.</p> </div> <p><span id="RETROACTIVITY"></span></p> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="crt-section-header" dir="ltr"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999636715"> <div class="crt-section-transcludedfrom"> 文本嵌入自<br><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory/Russia/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#签名" title="Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Russia/zh">COM:SIG Russia</a> </div> <h4 id="Russia" data-mw-thread-id="h-Russia-民法法系国家"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Russia-民法法系国家"></span><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%25E4%25BF%2584%25E7%25BD%2597%25E6%2596%25AF" class="extiw" title="w:zh:俄罗斯"><span title="country in Eastern Europe and Northern Asia">俄罗斯</span></a><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Russia-民法法系国家"></span></h4> </div> <div class="mw-translate-fuzzy"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></span></span> <b>可以</b>。有一個俄語維基百科討論，存檔在<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ru:%25D0%2592%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F:%25D0%25A4%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D1%2583%25D0%25BC/%25D0%2590%25D1%2580%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B2/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B2%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B5_%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE/2021/06%23%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%8B" class="extiw" title="w:ru:Википедия:Форум/Архив/Авторское право/2021/06">w:ru:Википедия:Форум/Архив/Авторское право/2021/06#Автографы</a>，用戶認為簽名是驗證真實性的技術工具，不是行為創造力，而不是科學、文學或藝術作品。</p> </div> <p><span id="See_also"></span></p> <div class="crt-section-header" dir="ltr"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999636715"> <div class="crt-section-transcludedfrom"> 文本嵌入自<br><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory/South_Korea/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#签名" title="Commons:Copyright rules by territory/South Korea/zh">COM:SIG South Korea</a> </div> <h4 id="South_Korea" data-mw-thread-id="h-South_Korea-民法法系国家"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-South_Korea-民法法系国家"></span><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E9%259F%25A9%25E6%25B0%2591%25E5%259B%25BD" class="extiw" title="w:zh:大韩民国"><span title="country in East Asia">大韩民国</span></a><span data-mw-comment-end="h-South_Korea-民法法系国家"></span></h4> </div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></span></span> <b>可以</b>典型簽名：韓國最高法院裁定字體不受版權保護。<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></span></span> <b>不可以</b> 用於書法簽名：根據版權法第4條，書法受版權保護（另見<a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory/South_Korea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Types_of_protected_work" title="Commons:Copyright rules by territory/South Korea">Commons:Copyright rules by territory/South Korea § Types of protected work</a>）。</p> <p><span id="See_also"></span> <span id="Taiwan_(Republic_of_China)"></span></p> <div class="crt-section-header" dir="ltr"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999636715"> <div class="crt-section-transcludedfrom"> 文本嵌入自<br><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory/Taiwan/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#签名" title="Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Taiwan/zh">COM:SIG Taiwan</a> </div> <h4 id="Taiwan" data-mw-thread-id="h-Taiwan-民法法系国家"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Taiwan-民法法系国家"></span><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E8%258F%25AF%25E6%25B0%2591%25E5%259C%258B" class="extiw" title="w:zh:中華民國"><span title="country in East Asia">中華民國</span></a><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Taiwan-民法法系国家"></span></h4> </div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></span></span> <b>Not OK</b>：<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.is/Pql5D">政府法規</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www1.tipo.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem%3D332403%26ctNode%3D7011%26mp%3D1">存檔來源</a>）指出，手寫字體、藝術作品等作品當中的書法落款屬於受著作權保護的主體。 <p><span id="Stamps"></span></p> <p><span id="Common_law_countries"></span></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"> <h2 id="普通法系国家" data-mw-thread-id="h-普通法系国家"><span id=".E6.99.AE.E9.80.9A.E6.B3.95.E7.B3.BB.E5.9B.BD.E5.AE.B6"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-普通法系国家"></span>普通法系国家<span data-mw-comment-end="h-普通法系国家"></span></h2> </div> <p>大多數普通法國家使用技能和勞動力測試來確定能夠吸引版權保護的最低原創性水平，而在英國等一些國家/地區，要求的水平極低。如果不對個別法律進行一些研究，就不能假設來自普通法國家的簽名必然允許在Commons。如果對當地法院會採取的立場有真正的疑問，則必鬚根據<a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:PRP?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Commons:PRP">預防原則</a>刪除該圖像。</p> <p>如果簽名非常簡單（例如一兩條潦草的線條），即使在英美法系國家也不會成為版權。</p> <p><i>如果您知道任何國家/地區對此問題的具體判例法或法律建議，請在下方添加條目。</i></p> <div class="crt-section-header" dir="ltr"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999636715"> <div class="crt-section-transcludedfrom"> 文本嵌入自<br><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory/United_Kingdom/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#签名" title="Commons:Copyright rules by territory/United Kingdom/zh">COM:SIG United Kingdom</a> </div> <h4 id="United_Kingdom" data-mw-thread-id="h-United_Kingdom-普通法系国家"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-United_Kingdom-普通法系国家"></span><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%25E8%258B%25B1%25E5%259B%25BD" class="extiw" title="w:zh:英国"><span title="country in north-west Europe">英国</span></a><span data-mw-comment-end="h-United_Kingdom-普通法系国家"></span></h4> </div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></span></span> <b>不可以</b>用於典型簽名。英國版權保護所需的原創性水平非常低，個人簽名是否有權獲得版權保護很容易爭論。根據英國法律，簽名可以作為圖形作品（一種藝術作品）受到保護。無論藝術價值如何，藝術作品都受到保護。有多種來源指向這個方向，包括： <ul> <li>從業者的文本<i>Copinger and Skone James on Copyright</i>中提到，在第1段。2-23，一個未報告的決定，即簽名與（顯然受版權保護的）屏蔽裝置相結合可以被授予藝術版權。</li> <li>德蒙福特大學的Charles Oppenheim教授："<i>無論藝術價值如何，圖形作品、照片、雕塑和拼貼畫都受到保護。您的簽名是一件藝術作品，正如您一直懷疑的那樣"</i>參見<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/services/elib/papers/other/copyright/session1/">聯合信息系統委員會的介紹(JISC)</a>。</li> <li>Sallie Spilsbury，<i>媒體法</i>，2000年，p.439：<i>個人的簽名可以作為藝術作品受到法律保護。如果是這樣，未經授權的簽名複製將侵犯版權。名稱本身不受版權保護；簽名的外觀受到保護。</i></li> <li>Alan Story LLM，在<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20010114193500/http://webjcli.ncl.ac.uk/1998/issue5/story5.html">"<i>Owning Diana: From People's Princess to Private Property</i>"</a>中承認有可能（"<i>雖然有爭議"</i>）戴安娜的簽名作為原件可能有版權藝術作品。這很有趣，因為即使他是從反保護主義的角度寫作，故事也接受了這一點。</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20060927060039/http://www.mersey-gateway.org/server.php?show%3DConNarrative.29%26chapterId%3D140">E. Chambré Hardman Archive Copyright Clinic page</a>指出"<i>某人的簽名也被認為是藝術作品，而不是文學作品。"</i></li> </ul> <p>除非有進一步的法律評論或相反的判例法可用，否則英國的立場是，典型的個人簽名可以說有權受到當地法律的保護，通常英國的簽名應根據<a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Project_scope/Precautionary_principle/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Project scope/Precautionary principle/zh">刪除預防原則</a>。但是，如果簽名非常簡單（例如，一兩條潦草的線條），即使在英國也不屬於版權。</p> <p><span id="Computer-generated_works"></span></p> <p><span id="How_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag"></span></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"> <h2 id="如何使用PD-signature標籤" data-mw-thread-id="h-如何使用PD-signature標籤"><span id=".E5.A6.82.E4.BD.95.E4.BD.BF.E7.94.A8PD-signature.E6.A8.99.E7.B1.A4"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-如何使用PD-signature標籤"></span>如何使用PD-signature標籤<span data-mw-comment-end="h-如何使用PD-signature標籤"></span></h2> </div> <p>您可以將標籤<a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Template:PD-signature?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Template:PD-signature">{{PD-signature}}</a>應用於個人簽名的照片或掃描件，前提是：</p> <ul> <li>簽名極有可能低於美國的原創性保護門檻；</li> <li>極有可能低於所述國家/地區的原創性門檻。（如果簽名具有典型的複雜性/創造性，則應假定在大陸法系國家/地區是免費的，而在上面未列出具體國家/地區規則的普通法國家/地區則是不自由的）；</li> <li>您<i><b>明確聲明</b></i>作為標籤的參數，該標籤與哪個國家/地區的法律相關（例如個人的國籍）。</li> </ul> <p>請注意，您必須指定一個國家/地區，以便可以根據當地法律要求的最低原創性水平做出判斷。如果沒有說明國家/地區，或者如果簽名可以說是複雜/創造性足以吸引版權，則不能假定該圖像是免費的，並將根據<a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:PRP?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Commons:PRP">預防原則</a>刪除。</p> <p><span id="Signatures_and_trademark_protection"></span></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"> <h2 id="簽名和商標保護" data-mw-thread-id="h-簽名和商標保護"><span id=".E7.B0.BD.E5.90.8D.E5.92.8C.E5.95.86.E6.A8.99.E4.BF.9D.E8.AD.B7"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-簽名和商標保護"></span>簽名和商標保護<span data-mw-comment-end="h-簽名和商標保護"></span></h2> </div> <p>在許多國家/地區，簽名可以作為商標受到保護。但是，即使簽名受商標法保護，它仍然可以在此處託管：請參閱<a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Commons:Non-copyright_limits/zh&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Commons:Non-copyright limits/zh (page does not exist)">Commons:Non-copyright limits/zh</a>。如果您知道特定簽名受商標保護，您可以添加<a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Template:Trademark?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Trademark">{{Trademark}}</a>免責聲明以及<a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Template:PD-signature?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Template:PD-signature">{{PD-signature}}</a>標籤。</p> <p><span id="Reuse_of_signature_images"></span></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"> <h2 id="重複使用簽名圖像" data-mw-thread-id="h-重複使用簽名圖像"><span id=".E9.87.8D.E8.A4.87.E4.BD.BF.E7.94.A8.E7.B0.BD.E5.90.8D.E5.9C.96.E5.83.8F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-重複使用簽名圖像"></span>重複使用簽名圖像<span data-mw-comment-end="h-重複使用簽名圖像"></span></h2> </div> <table class="messagebox standard-talk" style="direction:ltr; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-error--hover,#CC9999); background-color: var(--background-color-error-subtle,#FFCCCC);color: inherit;"> <tbody> <tr> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Warning"><img alt="Warning" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Dialog-stop-hand.svg/50px-Dialog-stop-hand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Dialog-stop-hand.svg/75px-Dialog-stop-hand.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Dialog-stop-hand.svg/100px-Dialog-stop-hand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"></span></span></td> <td align="left" width="100%">簽名圖像的重用者需要小心。簽名仍受偽造、偽造和其他欺詐法律的保護，並且可能受<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/trademark" class="extiw" title="en:trademark">商標法</a>保護（即使未應用<a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Template:Trademark?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Trademark">{{Trademark}}</a>免責聲明）。如果違反了非版權法，則缺乏版權保護不能作為辯護，而且一如既往，由再用者確保建議的再使用是當地法律允許的。</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">...[I]如果作品有通過字母的選擇、字母的形狀和大小、墨的濃淡、筆觸、字母的構圖等相互結合來表達思想感情的審美元素，可能有資格獲得版權保護作為一種藝術作品，展示了作者的個人表達。如果作品具有通過墨的大小、墨的濃淡、毛筆的移動或筆觸、字母相互組合的構圖等表達思想感情的審美元素，則被認為是是表達作者獨特表達方式並受版權保護的藝術作品。</span></li> <li id="cite_note-originalidadforsetti-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-originalidadforsetti_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Enrique, Cavero Safra (july 2015). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://revistas.up.edu.pe/index.php/forseti/article/view/1145">El concepto de originalidad en el derecho de autor peruano</a>". <i>Forsetti</i> (5): 113-127. <span lang="en" dir="ltr"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN" class="extiw" title="en:ISSN"><span lang="en" dir="ltr">ISSN</span></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2312-3583">2312-3583</a>. Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2021-08-20">2021-08-20</span>.</cite></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Indecopi2015-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Indecopi2015_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Ministry of Justice (2015). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.minjus.gob.pe/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/MINJUS-DGDOJ-Precedentes-y-normativa-del-Indecopi-en-propiedad-intelectual.pdf">Precedentes y normativa del Indecopi en Propiedad Intelectual</a>". <i>Indecopi</i>. <span lang="en" dir="ltr"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN" class="extiw" title="en:ISSN"><span lang="en" dir="ltr">ISSN</span></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2409-7667">2409-7667</a>.</cite></span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.law.go.kr/%25ED%258C%2590%25EB%25A1%2580/(94%25EB%2588%25845632)">韓國最高法院94누5632</a></span></li> </ol> </div>   </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh&oldid=971772274&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag/zh&oldid=971772274</a>" </div> </div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"> <div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"> <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Categories?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Category:Signatures?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Category:Signatures">Signatures</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Category:Commons_licensing_help/Translations&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Category:Commons licensing help/Translations (page does not exist)">Commons licensing help/Translations</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer"> <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">This page was last edited on 18 December 2024, at 05:05.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. 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