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class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-国号" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#国号"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>国号</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-国号-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-建国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#建国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>建国</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-建国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-政治制度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#政治制度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>政治制度</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-政治制度-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关政治制度子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-政治制度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-历任宰相" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历任宰相"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>历任宰相</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历任宰相-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-马来派系" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#马来派系"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>马来派系</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-马来派系-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-泰米尔派系" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#泰米尔派系"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>泰米尔派系</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-泰米尔派系-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-军事实力" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#军事实力"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>军事实力</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-军事实力-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-宗教与文化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#宗教与文化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>宗教与文化</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-宗教与文化-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关宗教与文化子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-宗教与文化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-宗教" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#宗教"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>宗教</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-宗教-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-文化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>文化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-文化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-语言" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#语言"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>语言</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-语言-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外交" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外交"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>外交</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-外交-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关外交子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-外交-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-马六甲与明朝关系" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#马六甲与明朝关系"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>马六甲与明朝关系</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-马六甲与明朝关系-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-马六甲与琉球群岛关系" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#马六甲与琉球群岛关系"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>马六甲与琉球群岛关系</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-马六甲与琉球群岛关系-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-黄金时期与沒落" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#黄金时期与沒落"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>黄金时期与沒落</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-黄金时期与沒落-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关黄金时期与沒落子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-黄金时期与沒落-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-王朝沒落" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#王朝沒落"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>王朝沒落</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-王朝沒落-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-葡萄牙王國的攻占与原因" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#葡萄牙王國的攻占与原因"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.1</span> <span>葡萄牙王國的攻占与原因</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-葡萄牙王國的攻占与原因-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-历任苏丹" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历任苏丹"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>历任苏丹</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历任苏丹-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参看" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参看"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>参看</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参看-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-備註" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#備註"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>備註</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-備註-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">马六甲苏丹国</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。43种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">43种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A9_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7" title="سلطنة ملقا – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سلطنة ملقا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanatu_de_Malaca" title="Sultanatu de Malaca – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sultanatu de Malaca" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malakka_sultanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Malakka sultanlığı – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Malakka sultanlığı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B" title="Малакка солтанлығы – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Малакка солтанлығы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Малакскі султанат – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Малакскі султанат" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesultanan_Melaka" title="Kesultanan Melaka – 貝塔維文" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kesultanan Melaka" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="貝塔維文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soldanat_de_Malaca" title="Soldanat de Malaca – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Soldanat de Malaca" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malack%C3%BD_sultan%C3%A1t" title="Malacký sultanát – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Malacký sultanát" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanat_von_Malakka" title="Sultanat von Malakka – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sultanat von Malakka" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Σουλτανάτο της Μαλάκκας – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σουλτανάτο της Μαλάκκας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malacca_Sultanate" title="Malacca Sultanate – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Malacca Sultanate" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanato_de_Malaca" title="Sultanato de Malaca – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sultanato de Malaca" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malakako_Sultanerria" title="Malakako Sultanerria – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Malakako Sultanerria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="سلطان‌نشین ملاکا – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سلطان‌نشین ملاکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="推荐条目"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malakan_sulttaanikunta" title="Malakan sulttaanikunta – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Malakan sulttaanikunta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanat_de_Malacca" title="Sultanat de Malacca – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sultanat de Malacca" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesultanan_Melayu_Melaka" title="Kesultanan Melayu Melaka – 伊班语" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Kesultanan Melayu Melaka" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="伊班语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesultanan_Melaka" title="Kesultanan Melaka – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kesultanan Melaka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanato_di_Malacca" title="Sultanato di Malacca – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sultanato di Malacca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%A9%E3%83%83%E3%82%AB%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="マラッカ王国 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マラッカ王国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%88%EB%9D%BC%EC%B9%B4_%EC%88%A0%ED%83%84%EA%B5%AD" title="믈라카 술탄국 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="믈라카 술탄국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanatus_Malaccae" title="Sultanatus Malaccae – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sultanatus Malaccae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melakos_sultonatas" title="Melakos sultonatas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Melakos sultonatas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasultanan_Malaka" title="Kasultanan Malaka – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kasultanan Malaka" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="മലാക്ക സുൽത്താനേറ്റ് – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മലാക്ക സുൽത്താനേറ്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesultanan_Melayu_Melaka" title="Kesultanan Melayu Melaka – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kesultanan Melayu Melaka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanaat_Malakka" title="Sultanaat Malakka – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sultanaat Malakka" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanat_de_Malaca" title="Sultanat de Malaca – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sultanat de Malaca" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malakka_(su%C5%82tanat)" title="Malakka (sułtanat) – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Malakka (sułtanat)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="سلطنت ملاکا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سلطنت ملاکا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanato_de_Malaca" title="Sultanato de Malaca – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sultanato de Malaca" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Малаккский султанат – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Малаккский султанат" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mala%C4%8Dki_sultanat" title="Malački sultanat – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Malački sultanat" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanatet_Malacka" title="Sultanatet Malacka – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sultanatet Malacka" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="மலாக்கா சுல்தானகம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மலாக்கா சுல்தானகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malakka_Sultanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Malakka Sultanlığı – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Malakka Sultanlığı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Малаккський султанат – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Малаккський султанат" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="سلطنت ملاکا – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سلطنت ملاکا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malakka_sultonligi" title="Malakka sultonligi – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Malakka sultonligi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Malacca" title="Vương quốc Malacca – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vương quốc Malacca" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="马六甲苏丹王朝 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="马六甲苏丹王朝" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melaka_Sultan-kok" title="Melaka Sultan-kok – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Melaka Sultan-kok" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BB%BF%E5%89%8C%E5%8A%A0" title="滿剌加 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="滿剌加" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q46652#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84055776">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">马六甲苏丹国</div><div class="ib-country-names">Kesultanan Melayu Melaka<br />کسلطانن ملايو ملاک</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">1402年—1511年</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Malacca_Sultanate_zh-hans.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Malacca_Sultanate_zh-hans.svg/250px-Malacca_Sultanate_zh-hans.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Malacca_Sultanate_zh-hans.svg/375px-Malacca_Sultanate_zh-hans.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Malacca_Sultanate_zh-hans.svg/500px-Malacca_Sultanate_zh-hans.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="581" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">地位</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">苏丹国</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">首都</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">马六甲市</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">常用语言</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%AF%AD" title="马来语">马来语</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">宗教<div class="ib-country-religion"></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">政府</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">君主制</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">苏丹</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1402—1414 </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9C%E9%87%8C%E7%B1%B3%E8%8B%8F%E6%8B%89" title="拜里米苏拉">拜里米苏拉</a>（首任）</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1488—1511 </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E9%A9%AC%E6%9C%AB%E6%B2%99" title="苏丹马末沙">苏丹马末沙</a>（末任）</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">历史</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 建国 </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1402年</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 马六甲陷落 </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1511年</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67735281">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>前身</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>继承</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="新加坡王国">新加坡王国</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; background:transparent; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="柔佛苏丹国">柔佛苏丹国</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Johor_%281855%E2%80%931865%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Johor_%281855%E2%80%931865%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Johor_%281855%E2%80%931865%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Johor_%281855%E2%80%931865%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Johor_%281855%E2%80%931865%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Johor_%281855%E2%80%931865%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1512" data-file-height="756" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9C%B9%E9%9B%B3%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="霹雳苏丹国（页面不存在）">霹雳苏丹国</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Perak.svg/20px-Flag_of_Perak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Perak.svg/30px-Flag_of_Perak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Perak.svg/40px-Flag_of_Perak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E5%B1%9E%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2" title="葡属马六甲">葡属马六甲</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_Portugal_%281640%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281640%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_Portugal_%281640%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281640%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_Portugal_%281640%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281640%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">今属于</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="马来西亚">马来西亚</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/22px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/33px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/44px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1" title="新加坡">新加坡</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="印度尼西亚">印度尼西亞</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/22px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/33px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/44px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%BD" title="泰国">泰國</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#0032A0"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="馬來西亞歷史"><span style="color:white">馬來西亞历史</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="马来西亚历史"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Malaysian_History.png/205px-Malaysian_History.png" decoding="async" width="205" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Malaysian_History.png/308px-Malaysian_History.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Malaysian_History.png/410px-Malaysian_History.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above" style="background:#CC0000"> <span style="color:white">历史系列条目</span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-bottom:0.5em; padding-top:0.5em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee">史前时期</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8F%B2%E5%89%8D%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="马来西亚史前时期">史前时期</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 前100–6<span style="font-size:smaller;">世纪</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee">早期王国</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9A%E8%BF%A6%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="刚迦王国">刚迦王国</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2–11<span style="font-size:smaller;">世纪</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%BC%E7%89%99%E8%84%A9" title="狼牙脩">狼牙脩</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2–14<span style="font-size:smaller;">世纪</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E5%9C%9F" title="赤土">赤土</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2–6<span style="font-size:smaller;">世纪</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%98%E7%9B%98" title="盘盘">盘盘</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 3–5<span style="font-size:smaller;">世纪</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%90%89%E6%89%93" title="古吉打">古吉打</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 5–9<span style="font-size:smaller;">世纪</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="古彭亨" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Old Pahang Kingdom"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古彭亨（页面不存在）">古彭亨</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Pahang_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Old Pahang Kingdom"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Old Pahang Kingdom</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 5–15<span style="font-size:smaller;">世纪</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E7%BD%97%E7%91%9C" title="末罗瑜">末罗瑜</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 6<span style="font-size:smaller;">世纪</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哥打哥拉宜" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Klang Kio"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%A5%E6%89%93%E5%93%A5%E6%8B%89%E5%AE%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哥打哥拉宜（页面不存在）">哥打哥拉宜</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klang_Kio" class="extiw" title="ms:Klang Kio"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Klang Kio</span></a></span>）</span></span> （Kota Gelanggi）</td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 7–9<span style="font-size:smaller;">世纪</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BD%9B%E9%BD%90" title="三佛齐">三佛齐</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 650–1377</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A1%E8%80%85%E4%BC%AF%E5%A4%B7" title="满者伯夷">满者伯夷</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1293–1500</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee">苏丹国崛起</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%89%93%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="吉打苏丹国">吉打苏丹国</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1136–<span style="font-size:smaller;">今</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%B6%E8%90%8A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="汶萊帝國">汶萊帝國</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1368–<span style="font-size:smaller;">今</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">马六甲苏丹国</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1402–1511</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E7%A5%BF%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B" title="蘇祿蘇丹國">蘇祿蘇丹國</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1450–1899</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="彭亨苏丹王朝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pahang Sultanate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%A8%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="彭亨苏丹王朝（页面不存在）">彭亨苏丹王朝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahang_Sultanate" class="extiw" title="en:Pahang Sultanate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pahang Sultanate</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1470–1623</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E9%BD%8A%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B" title="亞齊蘇丹國">亞齊蘇丹國</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1496–1903</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="北大年苏丹国">北大年苏丹国</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1516– 1902</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="柔佛苏丹国">柔佛苏丹国</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1528–<span style="font-size:smaller;">今</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="砂拉越苏丹王朝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sultanate of Sarawak"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="砂拉越苏丹王朝（页面不存在）">砂拉越苏丹王朝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sarawak" class="extiw" title="en:Sultanate of Sarawak"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sultanate of Sarawak</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1599–1641</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="勿述苏丹王朝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kingdom of Besut Darul Iman"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8B%BF%E8%BF%B0%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="勿述苏丹王朝（页面不存在）">勿述苏丹王朝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Besut_Darul_Iman" class="extiw" title="en:Kingdom of Besut Darul Iman"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kingdom of Besut Darul Iman</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1780–1899</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="色陀苏丹王朝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kingdom of Setul Mambang Segara"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%89%B2%E9%99%80%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="色陀苏丹王朝（页面不存在）">色陀苏丹王朝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Setul_Mambang_Segara" class="extiw" title="en:Kingdom of Setul Mambang Segara"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kingdom of Setul Mambang Segara</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1808–1916</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="勒曼苏丹王朝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Reman"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8B%92%E6%9B%BC%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="勒曼苏丹王朝（页面不存在）">勒曼苏丹王朝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reman" class="extiw" title="en:Reman"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Reman</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1810–1902</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="古邦巴素苏丹王朝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kingdom of Kubang Pasu Darul Qiyam"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E9%82%A6%E5%B7%B4%E7%B4%A0%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古邦巴素苏丹王朝（页面不存在）">古邦巴素苏丹王朝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kubang_Pasu_Darul_Qiyam" class="extiw" title="en:Kingdom of Kubang Pasu Darul Qiyam"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kingdom of Kubang Pasu Darul Qiyam</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1839–1864</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83%E5%B8%82%E6%8B%89%E6%83%B9" title="玻璃市拉惹">玻璃市拉惹</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1843–<span style="font-size:smaller;">今</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee">殖民时期</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E5%B1%9E%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2" title="葡属马六甲">葡属马六甲</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1511–1641</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E2%80%94%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="荷蘭—葡萄牙戰爭">荷葡战役</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1601–1661</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%9E%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2" title="荷属马六甲">荷属马六甲</a> / <a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%AC%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="荷屬東印度">荷屬東印度</a> / 荷属东印度群岛的公司规则</td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1641–1824</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="暹罗入侵吉打" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Penjajahan Siam di Kedah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9A%B9%E7%BD%97%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E5%90%89%E6%89%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="暹罗入侵吉打（页面不存在）">暹罗入侵吉打</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penjajahan_Siam_di_Kedah" class="extiw" title="ms:Penjajahan Siam di Kedah"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Penjajahan Siam di Kedah</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1821–1826</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1824%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%B1%E8%8D%B7%E6%A2%9D%E7%B4%84" title="1824年英荷條約">英荷条约</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1824</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E5%B0%BC%E6%A2%9D%E7%B4%84" title="伯尼條約">伯尼条约</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1826</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="海峡殖民地">海峡殖民地</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1826–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="砂拉越王国">砂拉越王国</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1841–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E9%97%BD%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="纳闽直辖殖民地">纳闽直辖殖民地</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1848–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%8B%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="拉律戰爭">拉律戰爭</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1861-1874</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴生战役" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Perang Kelang"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E7%94%9F%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴生战役（页面不存在）">巴生战役</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Kelang" class="extiw" title="ms:Perang Kelang"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Perang Kelang</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1867–1874</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E5%92%AF%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" title="邦咯条约">邦咯条约</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1874</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E4%BA%9E" title="英屬馬來亞">英屬馬來亞</a> / <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2" title="英屬婆羅洲">英屬婆羅洲</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1874–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2" title="北婆羅洲">北婆羅洲</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1882–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6" title="馬來聯邦">馬來聯邦</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1895–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1909%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E2%80%94%E6%9A%B9%E7%BD%97%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" title="1909年英国—暹罗条约">英暹条约</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1909</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E5%B1%AC%E9%82%A6" title="馬來屬邦">馬來屬邦</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1909–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%B3%E5%9F%8E%E6%B5%B7%E6%88%B0" title="檳城海戰">檳城海戰</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1914</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee">二战时期</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E6%97%A5%E5%8D%A0%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="马来亚日占时期">日占马来亚</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2%E6%97%A5%E4%BD%94%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="英屬婆羅洲日佔時期">婆罗洲</a></div></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1941–1945</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E4%BA%9E%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9" title="馬來亞戰役">馬來亞戰役</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1941–1942</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="麻坡战役" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Pertempuran Muar"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BA%BB%E5%9D%A1%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="麻坡战役（页面不存在）">麻坡战役</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertempuran_Muar" class="extiw" title="ms:Pertempuran Muar"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Pertempuran Muar</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1942</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴力士隆大屠杀" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Parit Sulong"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E5%8A%9B%E5%A3%AB%E9%9A%86%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%9D%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴力士隆大屠杀（页面不存在）">巴力士隆大屠杀</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembunuhan_beramai-ramai_di_Parit_Sulong" class="extiw" title="ms:Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Parit Sulong"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Parit Sulong</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1942</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9" title="新加坡戰役">新加坡戰役</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1942</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E5%9B%9B%E9%82%A6" title="馬來四邦">暹属四邦榕市府</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1943–1945</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E5%8D%81%E7%AF%80%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="雙十節事件">雙十節事件</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1943</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E6%96%AF%E9%A1%BF%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89" title="哲斯顿起义">哲斯顿起义</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1943 - 1944</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="山打根死亡行军" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Kawat Maut Sandakan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%89%93%E6%A0%B9%E6%AD%BB%E4%BA%A1%E8%A1%8C%E8%BB%8D" title="山打根死亡行軍">山打根死亡行军</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawat_Maut_Sandakan" class="extiw" title="ms:Kawat Maut Sandakan"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Kawat Maut Sandakan</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1942</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee">建国时期</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="英国军事管制区 (马来亚)" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Pentadbiran Tentera British (Tanah Melayu)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E7%AE%A1%E5%88%B6%E5%8D%80_(%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E4%BA%9E)" title="英國軍事管制區 (馬來亞)">马来亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentadbiran_Tentera_British_(Tanah_Melayu)" class="extiw" title="ms:Pentadbiran Tentera British (Tanah Melayu)"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Pentadbiran Tentera British (Tanah Melayu)</span></a></span>）</span></span> / <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E7%AE%A1%E5%88%B6%E5%8D%80_(%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2)" title="英國軍事管制區 (婆羅洲)">婆罗洲軍管區</a></div></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1945–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2%E7%9B%B4%E8%BD%84%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="北婆羅洲直轄殖民地">北婆羅洲直轄殖民地</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1946–1963</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E7%9B%B4%E8%BD%84%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="砂拉越直轄殖民地">砂拉越直辖殖民地</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1946–1963</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="马来亚联邦">马来亚联邦</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1946–1948</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E4%BA%9E%E7%B7%8A%E6%80%A5%E7%8B%80%E6%85%8B" title="馬來亞緊急狀態">馬來亞緊急狀態</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1948–1960</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E9%82%A6" title="马来亚联合邦">马来亚联合邦</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1948–1963</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E6%97%A5" title="马来西亚独立日">马来亚联合邦独立</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1957</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E7%82%B9%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="十八点协议">十八点</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E7%82%B9%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="二十点协议">二十点协议</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1962</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1" title="砂拉越共产主义叛乱">砂州共产叛乱</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1962 - 1990</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC%E2%80%94%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%AF%B9%E6%8A%97" class="mw-redirect" title="印尼—马来西亚对抗">印马对抗</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1963–1966</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E6%97%A5" title="沙巴日">沙巴</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E6%97%A5" title="砂拉越日">砂拉越自治</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1963</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%97%A5" title="马来西亚日">马来西亚成立</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1963年9月16日</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%B7%9E" title="新加坡州">新加坡州</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1963–1965</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1966%E5%B9%B4%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E5%B7%9E%E5%AE%AA%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="1966年砂拉越州宪政危机">砂州宪政危机</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1966</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%85%AD%E7%A9%BA%E9%9A%BE" title="双六空难">双六空难</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1966</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1_(1968%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941989%E5%B9%B4)" title="马来亚共产党叛乱 (1968年—1989年)">马共叛乱</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1968–1989</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="五一三事件 (马来西亚)">五一三事件</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1969</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee">国阵一党独大时期</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E9%9A%86%E5%9D%A1" title="吉隆坡">吉隆坡</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%8C%BA" title="联邦直辖区">联邦直辖区</a>成立</td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1974</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="吉兰丹危机" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Darurat Kelantan 1977"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%89%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%B9%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="吉兰丹危机（页面不存在）">吉兰丹危机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darurat_Kelantan_1977" class="extiw" title="ms:Darurat Kelantan 1977"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Darurat Kelantan 1977</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1977</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="新经济政策 (马来西亚)">新经济政策</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1971–1990</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1997%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A%E9%9C%BE%E5%AE%B3" title="1997年东南亚霾害">跨境烟霾问题</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1972–2016</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E7%A4%81#早期争端" title="白礁">白礁岛争议</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1979–今</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%B5%B7%E7%88%AD%E8%AD%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="南海爭議">南海爭議</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%B2%99%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B%E4%B8%BB%E6%9D%83%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE" title="南沙群岛主权争议">南沙群岛</a>）</td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1980–今</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E9%97%BD" title="纳闽">纳闽</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%8C%BA" title="联邦直辖区">联邦直辖区</a>成立</td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1984</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%85%E8%8D%89%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" title="茅草行动">茅草行动</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1987</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1988%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="1988年马来西亚司法危机">巫统宪政危机</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1987–1988</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1993%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95%E4%BF%AE%E6%AD%A3%E6%A1%88" title="1993年马来西亚联邦宪法修正案">王室免控权修宪</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1993</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%83%88%E7%81%AB%E8%8E%AB%E7%86%84" title="烈火莫熄">烈火莫熄</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1998-2022</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%9F%8E" title="布城">布城</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%8C%BA" title="联邦直辖区">联邦直辖区</a>成立</td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2001</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2009%E5%B9%B4%E9%9C%B9%E9%9B%B3%E5%B7%9E%E5%AE%AA%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="2009年霹雳州宪政危机">霹雳州宪政危机</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2009</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E4%B8%91%E9%97%BB" title="一个马来西亚发展有限公司丑闻">一马公司丑闻</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2015–今</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80" title="马来西亚公民宣言">马来西亚公民宣言</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2016</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee">多党制时期</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2018%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="2018年马来西亚大选">2018年大选</a>－首次政党轮替</td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2018</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%BF%92%E6%B5%B7%E6%88%98%E8%88%B0%E4%B8%91%E9%97%BB" title="马来西亚濒海战舰丑闻">濒海战舰丑闻</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2019</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2020%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%942022%E5%B9%B4%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="2020年—2022年馬來西亞政治危機">喜来登政治危机</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2020-2022</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2022%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95%E4%BF%AE%E6%AD%A3%E6%A1%88" title="2022年马来西亚联邦宪法修正案">恢复东马两州地位修宪</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2022</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2022%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="2022年马来西亚大选">2022年大选</a>－首次悬峙议会</td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2022</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%BF%E8%89%B2%E6%B5%AA%E6%BD%AE" title="绿色浪潮">绿色浪潮</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2022</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8C%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC" title="昌明大马">昌明团结政府</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2023</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em; border-top:#aaa 1px solid;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee">历史事件</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E5%8F%8D%E8%AE%A9%E6%B8%A1%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="砂拉越反让渡运动">砂拉越反让渡运动</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1946–1963</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B3%87%E5%86%AC%E5%8A%A0%E9%87%8C%E5%B1%A0%E6%9D%80%E6%83%A8%E6%A1%88" title="峇冬加里屠杀惨案">峇冬加里屠杀惨案</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1948</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E5%90%89%E5%93%88%E9%80%A2%E7%B7%8A%E6%80%A5%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="武吉哈逢緊急事件">武吉哈逢緊急事件</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1950</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E7%8E%B2%E5%92%8C%E8%B0%88" title="华玲和谈">华玲和谈</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1956</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E8%8E%B1%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1" title="文莱叛乱">文莱叛乱</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1962–1966</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E6%91%A9%E6%B4%9B%E8%A2%AD%E5%87%BB" title="沙巴摩洛袭击">沙巴摩洛袭击</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1962–今</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1964%E5%B9%B4%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E7%A7%8D%E6%97%8F%E9%AA%9A%E4%B9%B1" title="1964年新加坡种族骚乱">新加坡种族骚乱</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1964</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E7%9B%9F%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80" title="东盟宣言">东盟宣言</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1967</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E6%A2%A6%E5%8E%BF" title="林梦县">汶来索要林梦县</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1967–2009</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="利吉丹岛和西巴丹岛争端" data-lang-code="id" data-lang-name="印度尼西亚语" data-foreign-title="Sengketa Sipadan dan Ligitan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%A9%E5%90%89%E4%B8%B9%E5%B2%9B%E5%92%8C%E8%A5%BF%E5%B7%B4%E4%B8%B9%E5%B2%9B%E4%BA%89%E7%AB%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="利吉丹岛和西巴丹岛争端（页面不存在）">利吉丹岛和西巴丹岛争端</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">印度尼西亚语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sengketa_Sipadan_dan_Ligitan" class="extiw" title="id:Sengketa Sipadan dan Ligitan"><span lang="id" dir="auto">Sengketa Sipadan dan Ligitan</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1969–2002</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1985年拿笃冲突" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Serangan hendap Lahad Datu 1985"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1985%E5%B9%B4%E6%8B%BF%E7%AC%83%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1985年拿笃冲突（页面不存在）">1985年拿笃冲突</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serangan_hendap_Lahad_Datu_1985" class="extiw" title="ms:Serangan hendap Lahad Datu 1985"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Serangan hendap Lahad Datu 1985</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1985</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="默玛里惨案" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Peristiwa Memali 1985"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%98%E7%8E%9B%E9%87%8C%E6%83%A8%E6%A1%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="默玛里惨案（页面不存在）">默玛里惨案</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peristiwa_Memali_1985" class="extiw" title="ms:Peristiwa Memali 1985"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Peristiwa Memali 1985</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1985</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E9%A2%A8%E6%9A%B4#马来西亚" title="亞洲金融風暴">亚洲金融危机</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1997–1998</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2000%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A5%A5%E7%8E%9B%E4%B9%8C%E7%BA%B3%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1" title="2000年马来西亚奥玛乌纳叛乱">奥玛乌纳袭军事件</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2000</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E4%B8%B9%E6%9D%9C%E9%9B%85%C2%B7%E6%B2%99%E4%B8%BD%E5%B8%83%E8%B0%8B%E6%9D%80%E6%A1%88" title="阿尔丹杜雅·沙丽布谋杀案">阿尔丹杜雅杀案</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2006</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2007%E5%B9%B4%E5%87%80%E9%80%89%E7%9B%9F%E5%A4%A7%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A" title="2007年净选盟大集会">净选盟大集会</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2007</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B4%E6%9D%83%E4%BC%9A#维权行动" title="兴权会">兴权会大集会</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2007</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="反内安法令集会" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Himpunan Anti ISA"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E5%86%85%E5%AE%89%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反内安法令集会（页面不存在）">反内安法令集会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himpunan_Anti_ISA" class="extiw" title="ms:Himpunan Anti ISA"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Himpunan Anti ISA</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2009</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2011%E5%B9%B4%E5%87%80%E9%80%89%E7%9B%9F2.0%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A" title="2011年净选盟2.0集会">净选盟2.0集会</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2011</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2012%E5%B9%B4%E5%87%80%E9%80%89%E7%9B%9F3.0%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A" title="2012年净选盟3.0集会">净选盟3.0集会</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2012</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2013年人民起义大集会" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Himpunan Kebangkitan Rakyat 2013"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2013%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89%E5%A4%A7%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2013年人民起义大集会（页面不存在）">人民起义大集会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himpunan_Kebangkitan_Rakyat_2013" class="extiw" title="ms:Himpunan Kebangkitan Rakyat 2013"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Himpunan Kebangkitan Rakyat 2013</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2013</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2013%E5%B9%B4%E6%8B%BF%E7%AF%A4%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="2013年拿篤衝突">拿篤衝突</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2013</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E8%AE%AE%E6%B6%A8%E4%BB%B7%E5%A4%A7%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A" title="抗议涨价大集会">抗议涨价大集会</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2013</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%B9%8B%E5%A3%B0%EF%BC%8C%E5%9C%A3%E6%B4%81%E4%B9%8B%E5%A3%B0" title="人民之声，圣洁之声">黑色505集会</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2013</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA370%E5%8F%B7%E7%8F%AD%E6%9C%BA%E7%A9%BA%E9%9A%BE" title="马来西亚航空370号班机空难">马航MH370空难</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2014</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA17%E5%8F%B7%E7%8F%AD%E6%9C%BA%E7%A9%BA%E9%9A%BE" title="马来西亚航空17号班机空难">马航MH17空难</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2014</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA8501%E5%8F%B7%E7%8F%AD%E6%9C%BA%E7%A9%BA%E9%9A%BE" title="印尼亚洲航空8501号班机空难">亚航QZ8501空难</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2014</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2015%E5%B9%B4%E5%87%80%E9%80%89%E7%9B%9F4.0%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A" title="2015年净选盟4.0集会">净选盟4.0集会</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2015</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="红衫军种族集会" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="2015 Malay Dignity rally"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%A2%E8%A1%AB%E5%86%9B%E7%A7%8D%E6%97%8F%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="红衫军种族集会（页面不存在）">红衫军种族集会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Malay_Dignity_rally" class="extiw" title="en:2015 Malay Dignity rally"><span lang="en" dir="auto">2015 Malay Dignity rally</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2015</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2016%E5%B9%B4%E5%87%80%E9%80%89%E7%9B%9F5.0%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A" title="2016年净选盟5.0集会">净选盟5.0集会</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2016</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%AD%A3%E7%94%B7%E9%81%87%E5%88%BA%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="金正男遇刺事件">金正男遇刺事件</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2017</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee">按主题</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚通讯史" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Sejarah komunikasi di Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚通讯史（页面不存在）">通讯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sejarah_komunikasi_di_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="ms:Sejarah komunikasi di Malaysia"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Sejarah komunikasi di Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚经历史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economic history of Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%8F%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚经历史（页面不存在）">经济</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_history_of_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="en:Economic history of Malaysia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economic history of Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚军事史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Military history of Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚军事史（页面不存在）">军事</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_history_of_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="en:Military history of Malaysia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Military history of Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Malaysia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/16px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/24px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="Portal:马来西亚">马来西亚主题</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard" style="width:16em;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="印度尼西亚历史">印度尼西亚历史</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nicolaes_Visscher_Indiae_Orientalis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Nicolaes_Visscher_Indiae_Orientalis.jpg/220px-Nicolaes_Visscher_Indiae_Orientalis.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Nicolaes_Visscher_Indiae_Orientalis.jpg/330px-Nicolaes_Visscher_Indiae_Orientalis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Nicolaes_Visscher_Indiae_Orientalis.jpg/440px-Nicolaes_Visscher_Indiae_Orientalis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2493" data-file-height="2077" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption" style="padding-bottom:0.3em;">----</div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">史前時代</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"><table class="infobox" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%AA%E5%93%87%E7%8C%BF%E4%BA%BA" title="爪哇猿人">爪哇猿人</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%9D%E4%BB%8A" title="距今">距今</a>1,000,000年前</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E7%BE%85%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%BA" title="佛羅勒斯人">佛羅勒斯人</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">距今94,000年<br />–12,000年前</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%B3%87%E5%B7%A8%E7%81%BD%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" title="多峇巨災理論">多峇大災難</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">距今75,000年前</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="布尼文明" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buni culture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="布尼文明（页面不存在）">布尼文明</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buni_culture" class="extiw" title="en:Buni culture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buni culture</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">公元前400年</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">印度教–佛教王國</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"><table class="infobox" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%B3%B0" title="古泰">古泰</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">300年代</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="达鲁马" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tarumanagara"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%BE%E9%B2%81%E9%A9%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="达鲁马（页面不存在）">达鲁马</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarumanagara" class="extiw" title="en:Tarumanagara"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tarumanagara</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">358年–669年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%83%E9%99%B5" title="诃陵">訶陵</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">6世纪–7世纪</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BD%9B%E9%BD%90" title="三佛齐">三佛齐</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">8世纪–13世纪</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E8%BF%9E%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="夏连特拉王国">夏连特拉</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">9世纪–10世纪</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%BD%E4%BB%96%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="巽他王國">巽他</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">669年–1579年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%89%93%E5%85%B0%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="马打兰王国">马打兰</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">752年–1006年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E9%87%8C%E7%8F%AD" title="固里班">固里班</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1006年–1045年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%8F%E4%B9%89%E9%87%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="谏义里国">谏义里</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1045年–1221年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E8%AF%83%E6%B2%99%E9%87%8C" title="信诃沙里">信诃沙里</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1222年–1292年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A1%E8%80%85%E4%BC%AF%E5%A4%B7" title="满者伯夷">满者伯夷</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1293年–1500年</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">伊斯蘭蘇丹國</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"><table class="infobox" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3%E7%89%B9%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="特尔纳特苏丹国">特尔纳特</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1257年至今</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%9C%A8%E9%83%BD%E5%89%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="苏木都剌国">苏木都剌</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1267年–1521年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">马六甲</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1400年–1511年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%95%E9%87%8C%E6%B1%B6%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="井里汶苏丹国">井里汶</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1445年–1677年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A1%E7%9B%AE%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="淡目苏丹国">淡目</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1475年–1548年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E9%BD%8A%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B" title="亞齊蘇丹國">亚齐</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1496年–1903年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="帕迦鲁荣" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pagaruyung Kingdom"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%95%E8%BF%A6%E9%B2%81%E8%8D%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="帕迦鲁荣（页面不存在）">帕迦鲁荣</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagaruyung_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Pagaruyung Kingdom"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pagaruyung Kingdom</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1500年–1825年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%AC%E4%B8%B9%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B" title="萬丹蘇丹國">万丹</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1526年–1813年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%89%93%E5%85%B0%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="马打兰苏丹国">马打蓝</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1586年–1755年</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">華人公司聯邦</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"><table class="infobox" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%92%8C%E9%A0%86%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="和順共和國（页面不存在）">和順共和國</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1776年–1854年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E8%8A%B3%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="蘭芳共和國">蘭芳共和國</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1777年–1854年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="三條溝公司" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Santiaogou Republic"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E6%A2%9D%E6%BA%9D%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="三條溝公司（页面不存在）">三條溝公司</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santiaogou_Republic" class="extiw" title="en:Santiaogou Republic"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Santiaogou Republic</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1777年–1853年</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">殖民时期</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"><table class="infobox" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="印度尼西亚的葡萄牙殖民主义" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Portuguese colonialism in Indonesia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%84%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度尼西亚的葡萄牙殖民主义（页面不存在）">葡萄牙入侵</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_colonialism_in_Indonesia" class="extiw" title="en:Portuguese colonialism in Indonesia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Portuguese colonialism in Indonesia</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1512年–1850年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="荷兰东印度公司">荷兰东印度公司</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1602年–1800年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%AC%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="荷屬東印度">荷屬東印度</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1800年–1942年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%AC%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%97%A5%E4%BD%94%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="荷屬東印度日佔時期">日据时期</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1942年–1945年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="印度尼西亚民族革命">独立战争</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1945年–1950年</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">独立时期</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"><table class="infobox" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="印度尼西亚自由民主时期" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Liberal democracy period in Indonesia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度尼西亚自由民主时期（页面不存在）">民主自由时期</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_democracy_period_in_Indonesia" class="extiw" title="en:Liberal democracy period in Indonesia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Liberal democracy period in Indonesia</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1950年–1957年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="印度尼西亚民主引导时期" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Guided Democracy in Indonesia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%BC%95%E5%AF%BC%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度尼西亚民主引导时期（页面不存在）">民主引导时期</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guided_Democracy_in_Indonesia" class="extiw" title="en:Guided Democracy in Indonesia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Guided Democracy in Indonesia</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1957年–1965年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%A7%A9%E5%BA%8F_(%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC)" class="mw-redirect" title="新秩序 (印尼)">苏哈托时期</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1966年–1998年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="后苏哈托时期" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Post-Suharto era"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8E%E8%8B%8F%E5%93%88%E6%89%98%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="后苏哈托时期（页面不存在）">后苏哈托时期</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-Suharto_era" class="extiw" title="en:Post-Suharto era"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Post-Suharto era</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;;">1998年至今</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="Template:印尼历史"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="Template talk:印尼历史"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:印尼历史"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:65%; font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="Category:新加坡歷史"><b>历史</b></a>系列条目</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="vcard" style="background: #ccf; font-size: 145%;padding: 0.15em 0.1em;line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="新加坡历史"><span class="fn org label">新加坡</span>历史</a></th> </tr><tr><td style="padding: 0.2em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="新加坡历史"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Merlion.JPG/230px-Merlion.JPG" decoding="async" width="230" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Merlion.JPG/345px-Merlion.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Merlion.JPG/460px-Merlion.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2896" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-bottom:0.5em; padding-top:0.5em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E6%97%A9%E6%9C%9F%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="新加坡早期歷史">早期历史</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BD%9B%E9%BD%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="三佛齊">三佛齊</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 650年－1275年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="淡马锡 (东南亚古国)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Temasek"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%A1%E9%A9%AC%E9%94%A1_(%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A%E5%8F%A4%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="淡马锡 (东南亚古国)（页面不存在）">淡马锡</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temasek" class="extiw" title="en:Temasek"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Temasek</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%99%E7%89%99%E9%97%A8" title="龙牙门">龍牙門</a>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="班卒 (東南亞古國)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ban Zu"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8F%AD%E5%8D%92_(%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9E%E5%8F%A4%E5%9C%8B)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="班卒 (東南亞古國)（页面不存在）">班卒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ban_Zu" class="extiw" title="en:Ban Zu"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ban Zu</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 約14世紀</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="新加坡王国">新加坡王国</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1299年－1398年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">麻六甲蘇丹國</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1400年－1511年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="柔佛苏丹国">柔佛蘇丹國</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1528年－1819年</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">現代新加坡的建立</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E7%9A%84%E5%BB%BA%E7%AB%8B" title="現代新加坡的建立">現代新加坡的建立</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1819年–1826年</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">殖民時期</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="海峡殖民地">海峽殖民地時期</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1826年–1867年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E5%BE%92%E9%A8%B7%E4%BA%82_(%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反天主教徒騷亂 (新加坡)（页面不存在）">反天主教徒</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E6%9A%B4%E5%8A%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="新加坡暴动列表">騷亂</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1851年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA(%E9%96%A9%E5%8D%97)%E8%88%87%E6%BD%AE%E5%B7%9E%E4%BA%BA%E9%A8%B7%E4%BA%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="新加坡福建(閩南)與潮州人騷亂（页面不存在）">福建與潮州人</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_104_2005-01-25.html">騷亂</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1854年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%9E%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="新加坡英属时期">直轄殖民地時期</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1867年–1942年</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">第二次世界大战时期</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9" title="新加坡戰役">新加坡戰役</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1942</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E6%97%A5%E4%BD%94%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="新加坡日佔時期">日佔时期</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1942年–1945年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%82%85%E6%B8%85%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA" title="肅清大屠殺">肅清大屠殺</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1942年</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">戰後時期</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2#第一次立法議會" title="新加坡历史">第一次立法議會</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1948年–1951年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%9B%E4%B8%BD%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E6%89%98%E6%A0%BC%E9%AA%9A%E4%B9%B1" title="玛丽亚·埃尔托格骚乱">玛丽亚·埃尔托格骚乱</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1950年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2#第二次立法議會" title="新加坡历史">第二次立法議會</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1951年–1955年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="反國民服役騷亂" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="1954 National Service Riots"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E6%9C%8D%E5%BD%B9%E9%A8%B7%E4%BA%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反國民服役騷亂（页面不存在）">反國民服役騷亂</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1954_National_Service_Riots" class="extiw" title="en:1954 National Service Riots"><span lang="en" dir="auto">1954 National Service Riots</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1954年</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">自治時期</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="福利巴士騷亂" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hock Lee bus riots"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%8F%E5%88%A9%E5%B7%B4%E5%A3%AB%E9%A8%B7%E4%BA%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="福利巴士騷亂（页面不存在）">福利巴士騷亂</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hock_Lee_bus_riots" class="extiw" title="en:Hock Lee bus riots"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hock Lee bus riots</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1955年</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">马来西亚时期</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2#马来西亚时期（1963-1965）" title="新加坡历史">马来西亚时期</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1962年–1965年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1962%E5%B9%B4%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%85%A8%E6%B0%91%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95" class="mw-redirect" title="1962年新加坡全民公投">合併公投</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1962年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E8%97%8F%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95" title="冷藏行動">冷藏行動</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1963年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%B7%9E" title="新加坡州">新加坡州</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1963年–1965年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1964%E5%B9%B4%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E7%A7%8D%E6%97%8F%E9%AA%9A%E4%B9%B1" title="1964年新加坡种族骚乱">種族騷亂</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1964年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="麥唐納大樓爆炸案" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="MacDonald House bombing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BA%A5%E5%94%90%E7%B4%8D%E5%A4%A7%E6%A8%93%E7%88%86%E7%82%B8%E6%A1%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="麥唐納大樓爆炸案（页面不存在）">麥唐納大樓爆炸案</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacDonald_House_bombing" class="extiw" title="en:MacDonald House bombing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">MacDonald House bombing</span></a></span>）</span></span></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1965年</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">独立时期</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2#新加坡共和国（1965至今）" title="新加坡历史">独立时期</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1965年至今</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/1969%E5%B9%B4%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E7%A8%AE%E6%97%8F%E6%9A%B4%E5%8B%95" title="1969年新加坡種族暴動">種族騷亂</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1969年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E8%B0%B1%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" title="光谱行动">光谱行动</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1987年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="亞洲金融危機">亞洲金融危機</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1997年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E7%A5%88%E7%A6%B1%E5%9C%98%E5%9C%A8%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E8%A5%B2%E6%93%8A%E5%A4%A7%E4%BD%BF%E9%A4%A8%E7%9A%84%E9%99%B0%E8%AC%80" title="伊斯蘭祈禱團在新加坡襲擊大使館的陰謀">襲擊大使館陰謀</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2001年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9A%B4%E9%87%8D%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1%E7%B6%9C%E5%90%88%E7%97%87%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85" title="嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症疫情">SARS爆發</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2003年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/2013%E5%B9%B4%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%B0%8F%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E9%AA%9A%E4%B9%B1" title="2013年新加坡小印度骚乱">小印度骚乱</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2013年</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/2019%E5%86%A0%E7%8B%80%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E7%97%85%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85" title="2019冠狀病毒病新加坡疫情">2019冠狀病毒病爆发</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2020年至今</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Singapore.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/16px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/24px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/32px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1" title="Portal:新加坡">新加坡主题</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="Template:新加坡歷史"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:新加坡歷史（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:新加坡歷史"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>马六甲苏丹国</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="馬來語">馬來語</a>：<span lang="ms">Kesultanan Melayu Melaka</span>），《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》中称为<b>满剌加国</b>，是于1402年由<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9C%E9%87%8C%E7%B1%B3%E8%8B%8F%E6%8B%89" title="拜里米苏拉">拜里米苏拉</a>在马来亚半岛所建立的国家，其首都即是如今的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E5%B8%82" title="马六甲市">马六甲市</a>，其全盛时期的国土范围覆盖<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E5%B9%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="北大年">北大年</a>（今<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%BD" title="泰国">泰国</a>南部）至<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E9%96%80%E7%AD%94%E8%87%98" title="蘇門答臘">苏门答腊</a>西南部。1511年，葡萄牙殖民者侵略马六甲苏丹国，并在1528年殖民马六甲，直接促使苏丹国灭亡。其后，苏丹国的法定继承者<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%B9%8C%E4%B8%81%E6%B2%99%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" class="mw-redirect" title="苏丹阿拉乌丁沙二世">苏丹阿拉乌丁沙二世</a>在今柔佛地区建立了<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="柔佛苏丹国">柔佛苏丹国</a>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="国号"><span id=".E5.9B.BD.E5.8F.B7"></span>国号</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：国号"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>马六甲</b>在西元十五世纪立国前的名字不明，其名字拼音或译名在中西亦有不同拼写。中国最早的译名是<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>的<b>「滿剌加」</b>也是明朝官方通用的译名。欧洲的拼写则有极小的分歧，如「Malacca」、「Melequa」、「Mallaqua」等，难以悉举。 </p><p>「马六甲」的名字有几个来源，包括<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="阿拉伯语">阿拉伯文</a>、印度的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E8%AF%AD" title="梵语">梵文</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E8%AA%9E" title="葡萄牙語">葡萄牙文</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%AF%AD" title="马来语">马来文</a>。根据《<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E7%BA%AA%E5%B9%B4" title="马来纪年">马来纪年</a>》，「马六甲」的名字取自<a href="/wiki/%E9%A4%98%E7%94%98%E5%AD%90" title="餘甘子">马六甲树</a>。根据印度的梵文，「马六甲」的名称来自一种叫Amalaka的树木，也是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E8%AF%9D" title="印度教神话">印度神话</a>中，在宇宙长出来的树木。根据《东方志》（Suma Oriental），「马六甲」名字源自Malaqa，意思是<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BF%E9%A2%A8%E6%B8%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="避風港">避风港</a>。阿拉伯商人称「马六甲」为Malakat，指的是商人群聚，也称Mulaqah，意思是会面。葡萄牙称「马六甲」为Malagas，意思是制作<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%B8%E9%B1%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="咸鱼">咸鱼</a>的地方。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="建国"><span id=".E5.BB.BA.E5.9B.BD"></span>建国</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：建国"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9C%E9%87%8C%E7%B1%B3%E8%8B%8F%E6%8B%89" title="拜里米苏拉">拜里米苏拉</a>原为<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A4%E5%88%A9%E4%BD%9B%E9%80%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="室利佛逝">室利佛逝</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A8%E6%B8%AF" title="巨港">巨港</a>（现今<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="印尼">印尼</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E9%97%A8%E7%AD%94%E8%85%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="苏门答腊">苏门答腊</a>）东南区域的王子。因当时室利佛逝被<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A1%E8%80%85%E4%BC%AF%E5%A4%B7" title="满者伯夷">满者伯夷</a>（爪哇）攻占，王子带领三千隨從由巨港（Palembang）逃至<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A1%E9%A9%AC%E9%94%A1" class="mw-disambig" title="淡马锡">淡马锡</a>(Temasik，现今新加坡)，受到当地酋长的热烈招待。8天后，王子刺杀当地酋长并自立为王，并统治该岛五年，此举引来宗主国（<a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%B9%E7%BD%97" class="mw-redirect" title="暹罗">暹罗</a>）军队追捕，並有北大年与彭亨组成联军负责驱逐而逃往北方，辗转抵达柔佛麻河上游的巴莪（Pagor），在途中一棵马六甲树 (Amla, Melaka tree) 下休息时，看见一条猎狗将一只<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E9%BC%B7%E9%B9%BF" title="小鼷鹿">小鼷鹿</a>逼到绝境，小鼷鹿为了自卫，将狗踢进河里。如此觉得这是一块吉祥之地，于是将此地命名为满剌加（现今马六甲）并定居在此。 </p><p>初期的满剌加必须交纳每年的40两黄金给<a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%B9%E7%BD%97" class="mw-redirect" title="暹罗">暹罗</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%91%9C%E9%99%80%E8%80%B6%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="阿瑜陀耶王朝">阿瑜陀耶王朝</a>，而南面又有满者伯夷国的威胁。在建国后第2年的1403年<a href="/wiki/1403%E5%B9%B4" title="1403年">永乐元年</a>，明成祖派遣使節尹庆诏谕马六甲，宣示天德。1405年，拜里米苏拉随京官尹庆到大明国拜见<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%88%90%E7%A5%96" title="明成祖">明成祖</a>，正式向大明国进贡，明成祖正式册封拜里迷苏拉为马六甲国王，地位与暹罗等同，同时解除满者伯夷的宗主地位，并赠予诏书和印璽。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>马六甲王朝立国初期，国小势弱，四邻强敌环伺，为暹罗藩属，常受<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%91%9C%E9%99%80%E8%80%B6%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="阿瑜陀耶王国">暹罗阿瑜陀耶王國</a>（泰國）勒索，每年须进贡黄金40两，作为和解的代价，故最具威胁。1405年，第一任统治者<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9C%E9%87%8C%E7%B1%B3%E8%8B%8F%E6%8B%89" title="拜里米苏拉">拜里米苏拉</a>隨<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D" title="明朝">明朝</a>使節入朝，<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%88%90%E7%A5%96" title="明成祖">明成祖</a>册封为国王，地位与暹罗等同，同时解除和泰國的藩属关系，成为明朝的藩属，双方建立密切的关系。1409年，马六甲遣使節随<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%91%E5%92%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="郑和">郑和</a>宝船入贡，明朝正式册封马六甲为国。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>第二任统治者<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%B9%B2%E8%BE%BE%E6%B2%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯干达沙（页面不存在）">伊斯干达沙</a>除延续与明朝的宗属关系外，更重要的政策是改奉<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教</a>，开啟马来半岛伊斯兰教化的先声。 </p><p>第三任统治者<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%8A%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斯里马哈拉加（页面不存在）">斯里马哈拉加</a>虽有背离伊斯兰教的举动，但在位期间，马六甲港口日益繁荣，国势渐强，人口增加，人民富庶，因此产生统治马来半岛的雄心。他自封其王号为「Sri Maharaja」，此词源出<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E8%AF%AD" title="梵语">梵文</a>，意即大王。他改用<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99" title="印度教">印度教</a>尊号，是出於缅怀祖先室利佛逝的盛业。斯里马哈拉加曾两次入朝中国，对明朝仪制有一番见解。他依據印度传统，並参酌明朝仪制来定制朝仪和制度，为马六甲制定了一套完善的典章制度，为往后马来各邦的政制蓝本。 </p><p>第四任统治者斯里拜里米苏拉帝瓦沙是马六甲王朝在位最短的君王，在位时间僅17个月，后因宫廷政变被杀。 </p><p>第五任统治者<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E6%85%95%E6%89%8E%E6%B3%95%E6%B2%99" title="蘇丹慕扎法沙">苏丹目扎法沙</a>，是马六甲王朝最英明的君王之一。登基时内部派系斗争激烈，分为马来派系与泰米尔派系。他以牺牲爱妃敦古都（<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A6%E9%9C%B9%E9%9D%82" title="敦霹靂">敦霹雳</a>之姐妹），令改嫁敦阿里（Tun Ali），借此消除敦阿里和敦霹雳的矛盾，使马六甲免于派系斗争，从而令臣民上下一心；正式确立伊斯兰教为国教，改称号为「<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9_(%E7%A7%B0%E8%B0%93)" title="苏丹 (称谓)">苏丹</a>」，形塑马来民族形象；知人善用，任命敦霹雳为宰相，使马六甲国势达到頂峰；击败暹罗三次的入侵行动，令马六甲可以無后顾之忧发展商业；重行遣使入朝中国。 </p><p>第六任统治者<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E6%BB%A1%E9%80%9F%E6%B2%99" title="苏丹满速沙">苏丹满速沙</a>在位期间，是马六甲王朝的全盛期。他以马来人治马来人的主张，南征北战，扩张领土，任命敦霹雳为统帅。1459年登位之年，攻打富有野牛大象和盛产<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">黄金</a>，但却臣服暹罗的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%A8" title="彭亨">彭亨</a>。1460年，马六甲已经扩充为马来半岛最大的城市，各国商贾云集，港口也发展成为东南亚最大商港。据说明朝皇帝为加强与马六甲的外交关系，将<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B1%89%E4%B8%BD%E5%AE%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="汉丽宝（页面不存在）">汉丽宝</a>公主下嫁於苏丹满速沙，汉丽宝公主随500名人员于1458年抵达马六甲。后期王室内部因政治斗争激化、社会道德败坏和统治階级淫亂無信等事件层出不穷，苏丹满速沙也沉沦于美色财气之中，令马六甲良风美德荡然无存。引起在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9B%E5%8A%A0%E9%8C%AB" title="望加錫">望加錫</a>（Makassar）的武吉斯人对马六甲的抢掠，成为武吉斯人入侵马来亚半岛的先声。 </p><p>第七任统治者<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%B9%8C%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E6%B2%99" class="mw-redirect" title="苏丹阿拉乌丁·利亚沙">苏丹阿拉乌丁·利亚沙</a>是历史上最英明的君王，他凡事亲躬，不为权臣弄权，形象亲民。在他统冶下大力整顿社会，使当时盗窃之风戛然而止。他在位期间的武功有两件，其一是击败苏门答腊东北小国<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%91%E9%B2%81" title="哑鲁">啞魯</a>的侵攻，逼使啞魯国王的乞和，两国言归于好，同时将<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%96%E5%86%85" class="mw-disambig" title="廖内">廖內</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E5%8A%A0%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="林加群島">林加群島</a>纳入版图。其二是派遣汉都亚前往马六甲的属国錫国，谴责不经宗主国马六甲而私处死刑，后錫国国主上呈公文谢罪。他的继位是同满速沙与彭亨王妃生下的拉惹阿末激烈競争下，后获得敦霹雳的相助而登基，失败的拉惹阿末则在彭亨继位为第二任苏丹，从此也让他与同父異母的兄弟不和。1488年，他准备偕同甘巴和英得其利的国君到<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E5%8A%A0" title="麥加">麥加</a>朝聖，在起程之际被毒杀。 </p><p>第八任统治者<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E9%A9%AC%E6%9C%AB%E6%B2%99" title="苏丹马末沙">苏丹马末沙</a>是马六甲王朝末代君主，马末沙的名声与德行不佳，在位期间行为不檢，荒淫无道，荒废政治等丑事层出不穷，但马六甲王朝的国势在<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B" title="马来半岛">马来半岛</a>和苏门答腊岛如日中天，并未受到重大威胁。1500年，联同<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%A8" title="彭亨">彭亨</a>成功阻吓入侵的暹罗军队，使暹罗军队出师无功。同年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="北大年苏丹国">北大年</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%89%93" title="吉打">吉打</a>国主承认马六甲为宗主国，以脱离暹罗藩属关系。1511年5月2日，<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99" title="葡萄牙">葡萄牙</a>驻<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a>统督<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%96%B9%E7%B4%A2%C2%B7%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E4%B8%8D%E5%A5%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="阿方索·迪·阿不奎">阿不奎</a>（Alfonso deb Albuquerque）以薛魁拉被袭击事件领军攻打马六甲，双方经历谈判，最后因葡萄牙不断提出如在当地建築<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%89%E5%A0%A1" title="碉堡">碉堡</a>等苛刻的要求而破裂。7月25日，双方在海上激战，马六甲守军不敌節節败退。8月10日马六甲淪陷，苏丹马末沙退守巴莪，开展復国战争。8月24日，葡萄牙完全占领马六甲全城，马六甲王朝灭亡。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="政治制度"><span id=".E6.94.BF.E6.B2.BB.E5.88.B6.E5.BA.A6"></span>政治制度</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：政治制度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Malaccapalace.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Malaccapalace.jpg/220px-Malaccapalace.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Malaccapalace.jpg/330px-Malaccapalace.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Malaccapalace.jpg/440px-Malaccapalace.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption>马六甲王宫</figcaption></figure> <p>马六甲的中央制度以国王为最高统治者，原称「拉惹」，皈依伊斯兰教以后，改称「苏丹」，也是最高宗教领袖，同时使用伊斯兰教尊号「沙」（Shah）。自第五任统治者苏丹目扎法沙将伊斯兰定位国教以后，往后所有统治者皆以苏丹为尊号。 </p><p>苏丹之下设有三位大臣分掌要職，只有他们可以接近苏丹。 </p><p>宰相/<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A4%E9%99%80%E8%A8%B6%E7%BE%85" title="盤陀訶羅">盘陀诃罗</a>（Bendahara）是继苏丹之后的职位，负责处理全国行政事务；战争時期是军队的最高统帅，当苏丹外出时得代行苏丹职权。宰相是以不具有王室血统的贵族担任，但女儿可以成为苏丹的配偶，成为外戚，对左右王位继承的人选影响很大，如果苏丹沒有子嗣，还可以继承王位。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8C%9B%E5%85%AC" title="天猛公">天猛公</a>（Temenggong）即陆军与司法大臣，专职陆军事务与陆上法律，负责维持社会治安，兼任王城的卫戍与宫廷的守卫工作，包括掌管朝仪、接待外賓等。 </p><p>财务大臣（Penghulu Bendahari）则掌理全国的关税与徵税事务，包括处理宫廷财物、管理宫廷人员、安排苏丹宴请事务，可说是苏丹的管家。 </p><p>此外，另有二武官职位，一为水师提督（Laksamana），掌理全国海军、海上防务安全与司法，如商船在港内发生纠纷，可与天猛公相配合处理，同时也是禁卫军领袖。二为陆军统帅（Sri Nara do Rija），主要陆军训练与管理事务，两者作战时皆受宰相節制。 </p><p>另有四位港务官（Syahbandar），分别管理<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%90%89%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="古吉拉特苏丹国">胡茶刺</a>、印度东岸、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%85%E7%94%B8" title="缅甸">缅甸</a>和苏门答腊岛，以及中国和<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%8D%97%E5%B1%AC%E6%98%8E%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="安南屬明時期">安南</a>的船舶，其商务、船集泊岸及移民等事宜。 </p><p>上述官职之下则设有各部首长，称门德里（Menteri），负责協助执行工作，其人数众多，各有专职，最末等的官员则为各式传令官、待從、御仆和卫士等等。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="历任宰相"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E4.BB.BB.E5.AE.B0.E7.9B.B8"></span>历任宰相</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：历任宰相"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>马六甲王朝有两大派系，即马来派系与泰米尔派系，宰相由两派担当 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="马来派系"><span id=".E9.A9.AC.E6.9D.A5.E6.B4.BE.E7.B3.BB"></span>马来派系</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：马来派系"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>敦百巴提·图鲁斯（Tun Perpatih Tulus）</li> <li>拿督·斯里·阿马尔·提罗阎（Bendahara Datuk Seri Amar Diraja）</li> <li>敦·勃巴代·舍當（Tun Perpatih Sedang ，1445）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A6%E9%9C%B9%E9%9D%82" title="敦霹靂">敦霹雳</a>（Tun Perak，1456-1498）</li> <li>敦布帝（Tun Perpatih Putih，1498-1500）</li> <li>百图加·端（Paduka Tuan，1510-1511）</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="泰米尔派系"><span id=".E6.B3.B0.E7.B1.B3.E5.B0.94.E6.B4.BE.E7.B3.BB"></span>泰米尔派系</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：泰米尔派系"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>敦阿里（Tun Ali，1445-1456）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A6%E5%A2%A8%E5%A4%AA%E4%BF%AE" title="敦墨太修">敦墨泰希</a>（Tun Mutahir，1500-1510）<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="军事实力"><span id=".E5.86.9B.E4.BA.8B.E5.AE.9E.E5.8A.9B"></span>军事实力</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：军事实力"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>马六甲人的军队主要由当地人组成的步兵队伍，和印度穆斯林和爪哇人的雇佣军，同时吸纳来自印度的军事技术，还有来自印度的战象和西方影响的火器。除了一支海军舰队外，王国还花费巨资修筑首都的城墙，并在王宫附近建造了坚固的堡垒卫城。由于城市本身被流入马六甲海峡的河流分为两部分，所以这座带有清真寺的要塞本身还扼守这联通两处城区的沿海大桥。只有通过大桥和要塞的防御火力，船只才能进入安全的城市内港停泊。1511年时，马六甲当地防御的水平已经超过了大部分明朝统治下的城池。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="宗教与文化"><span id=".E5.AE.97.E6.95.99.E4.B8.8E.E6.96.87.E5.8C.96"></span>宗教与文化</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：宗教与文化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>马六甲王朝的宗教与文化较复杂，属于多元文化混合。东南亚各岛屿主要受到<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="印度文化">印度文化</a>影响，自西元十世纪以后，印度文化开始没落，但其文化已经深深烙印在各地人们的习俗中。自西元七世纪伊斯兰教在<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" class="mw-disambig" title="阿拉伯">阿拉伯</a>创立后，也隨着商业活动的进行，伊斯兰教的教义也跟着传播，但东南亚的印度文化的影响力较深刻，伊斯兰教并無广布。直到西元十三世纪，在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E9%97%A8%E7%AD%94%E8%85%8A%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="苏门答腊岛">苏门答腊岛</a>巴塞奠定其地位后，正式传入东南亚。受到明朝郑和下西洋的影响，马六甲王朝与明朝建立密切关系，也加入中华文化。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="宗教"><span id=".E5.AE.97.E6.95.99"></span>宗教</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：宗教"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>马六甲王朝第二任统治者伊斯干达沙迎娶巴塞公主后改奉伊斯兰教，成为马来半岛上首位皈依伊斯兰教的国王，故此在政治的庇护下，伊斯兰教成为主要信仰，臣民皆渐改信伊斯兰教，对马来民族产生极其深远的影响。第五任统治者目扎法沙正式宣布伊斯兰为国教，君主改称「苏丹」，並正式确立伊斯兰两大節日，即<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E9%BD%8B%E7%AF%80" title="開齋節">开齋節</a>和進香麥加（Mecca），之后再加入<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B0%94%E9%82%A6%E8%8A%82" title="古尔邦节">哈芝節</a>。 </p><p>隨着马六甲王朝商业的繁荣与国力的强盛，伊斯兰教也传播到东南亚各地。其中，彭享和吉打与马六甲王朝建立联姻关系而信奉伊斯兰教；北大年、<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%B9" title="吉兰丹">吉兰丹</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E5%98%89%E6%A8%93" title="登嘉樓">登嘉樓</a>则臣属马六甲王朝而改教。苏门答腊岛上的甘巴、錫国（Siak）、英得其利（Inderagiri）和占卑则先后被征服而改教。其后马六甲王朝取代了巴塞，成为东南亚伊斯兰传播中心，並被誉为东南亚「小麥加」。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="文化"><span id=".E6.96.87.E5.8C.96"></span>文化</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：文化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>马六甲王朝主要遵从伊斯兰教的教义习俗，社会上严守《可兰经》的戒律，以清真寺为社交活动中心，穆斯林聚集在清真寺举行宗教仪式和祈祷，社会上的階级之分也明显淡化。宗教法也被应用到法律上。此外，在统治者階层的鼓励下，穆斯林也和非穆斯林通婚，以吸引新皈依者。 </p><p>伊斯兰教义也是民众的基本教育，乡村的祈祷所、清真寺和宗教司住所都是宣教场所。伊斯兰教的阿拉伯语也被吸纳成为马来文字的组成部分。受到阿拉伯文影响的词汇，<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%AA%E5%A4%B7%E6%96%87" title="爪夷文">爪夷文</a>也成为当时宫廷书信、法律规章、私人书信与文学作品的书写文字。在伊斯兰教文学的影响下，马来古典文学开始出现传奇小说（Hikayat）和敘事诗（Syair）等文体。伊斯兰教的独特的圆顶、拱门和尖塔建筑形式也在马来半岛随处可见。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E5%BA%99.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E5%BA%99.JPG/220px-%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E5%BA%99.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E5%BA%99.JPG/330px-%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E5%BA%99.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E5%BA%99.JPG/440px-%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E5%BA%99.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>马六甲记念郑和的三宝庙</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E5%BA%99%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E4%BA%95.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E5%BA%99%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E4%BA%95.JPG/220px-%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E5%BA%99%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E4%BA%95.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E5%BA%99%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E4%BA%95.JPG/330px-%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E5%BA%99%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E4%BA%95.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E5%BA%99%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E4%BA%95.JPG/440px-%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E5%BA%99%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E4%BA%95.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>郑和船队到达马六甲开拓的三宝井</figcaption></figure> <p>自从1404年，明朝访问马六甲后，双方建立密切联系，马中的交往，最明显的影响有三个方面，如马六甲王朝第三任苏丹斯里马哈拉加参照了明朝的典章朝仪所擬定的制度，成为马来民族传统的一部分，他所重视的黄色和其乐队之中銀質喇叭，上附有马来人所称为「龙」（naga）的图形，亦受中华文化影响。其次是仿照明朝的銅币，将沉重大塊的「斗錫」，改为圆形中间无孔的錫币，一直通行至葡萄牙时代才废除。郑和下西洋期间也以马六甲为中转站，带着大量隨从到达此地，也在当地留下著名的「三保山」和「三保井」等。这一事件的文化后果之一是由于中国移民与当地人之间的混合婚姻而产生的土生华人族群。土生华人今时也被称为<a href="/wiki/%E5%B3%87%E5%B3%87%E5%A8%98%E6%83%B9" title="峇峇娘惹">峇峇娘惹</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="语言"><span id=".E8.AF.AD.E8.A8.80"></span>语言</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：语言"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>马六甲苏丹国拥有多达84种语言。 </p><p>以马六甲为中心的交易，扩大了作为王国的商业通用语的马来语的使用地区，对词汇的发展带来了影响。原本在马六甲海峡一带说话的马来语在马六甲商人访问的土地上传播开来，阿拉伯语、波斯语、泰米尔语、爪哇语等作为交易对象的语言单词也加入了马来语的词汇。到了葡萄牙来到马六甲的16世纪初，苏门答腊岛东岸的居民大多会说马来语。1521年，<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%93%B2%E4%BC%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="麦哲伦">麦哲伦</a>到达当时的菲律宾，由麦哲伦带着由苏门答腊出身的奴隶说的是马来语。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外交"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E4.BA.A4"></span>外交</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：外交"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="马六甲与明朝关系"><span id=".E9.A9.AC.E5.85.AD.E7.94.B2.E4.B8.8E.E6.98.8E.E6.9C.9D.E5.85.B3.E7.B3.BB"></span>马六甲与明朝关系</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：马六甲与明朝关系"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>促进马六甲发展的因素之一是马六甲与中国明朝的关系密切。早期明朝舰队在保护马六甲海峡的治安上发挥了重要作用，这条海峡经常被海贼和海盗打乱。马六甲皇朝于1404年访问中国时开始了马六甲与明朝的外交关系，随后是跟随三保太监<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%AD%E5%92%8C" title="鄭和">郑和</a>的宝船在1405年和1409年回朝时，马六甲同意成为中国的藩属国，这一举措也起到了一定的作用，使得马六甲周边的强敌不敢轻举妄动，可以稳定发展经济。1405年，明成祖册封里米苏拉为满剌加国国王，並「赐诰印採幣襲衣黃蓋」，同时製碑封山<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>，以表示明朝政府对马六甲的承认。1409年，明成祖再次册封马六甲为国。 </p><p>自从明朝使節尹庆1403年到访马六甲后，从1405年到1433年的28年间，郑和七次下西洋，其中有五次以马六甲为驻扎地（1405年、1409年、1414年、1417年、1431年）。这个驻扎中心也称为「官廠」，以为囤積钱糧之用，同时也建立行辕安置隨员部队。这不僅帮助马六甲立国抗敌，带来政治稳定，同时也吸引了大批商人到来，使马六甲成为本地重要的港口。 </p><p>马六甲王朝为了与中国维持良好关系，马六甲前三任的统治者曾经先后五次（1411年、1414年、1419年、1424年和1433年）入朝觐见明成祖和<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%AE%A3%E5%AE%97" title="明宣宗">明宣宗</a>，缔造三世五入朝的佳话。明朝共遣使访问马六甲10次，马六甲共29次遣使节访问中国，在此证明双方关系的密切。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="马六甲与琉球群岛关系"><span id=".E9.A9.AC.E5.85.AD.E7.94.B2.E4.B8.8E.E7.90.89.E7.90.83.E7.BE.A4.E5.B2.9B.E5.85.B3.E7.B3.BB"></span>马六甲与琉球群岛关系</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：马六甲与琉球群岛关系"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>据<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%89%E7%90%83%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="琉球群岛">琉球</a>王国外交文件的《历代宝案》记载，琉球国王尚德于1463年向马六甲派遣贸易船，写信委托马六甲国王（苏丹滿速沙），为该船的交易提供便利。赠送物品、腰刀、扇子、青瓷器等物品。此后从琉球寄给满刺加国王的书信也屡次被记录，1470年，苏丹滿速沙也托琉球商船寄信，对琉球国王叙礼的同时赠送了棉织品（印度木棉）等的东西。从历代宝案中记录琉球国王开往马六甲的船只合计达到20艘，到1511年结束。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="黄金时期与沒落"><span id=".E9.BB.84.E9.87.91.E6.97.B6.E6.9C.9F.E4.B8.8E.E6.B2.92.E8.90.BD"></span>黄金时期与沒落</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：黄金时期与沒落"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>马六甲王朝在公元15世纪崛起成为国际大商港，除了地理位置优越的客观因素，更为重要的是本身的努力经营和建设。马六甲地处马六甲海峡最狹窄处容易控制来往船隻，同时背山面海，居高临下也易於防守，加上又位于亚洲两大季候风，即东北季风和西南季风的起点和终点，使各国船只匯聚於此。更为重要的是马六甲王朝在与外在势力维持良好的互动关系，在<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%98%E9%99%80%E8%AF%83%E7%BD%97" class="mw-redirect" title="盘陀诃罗">宰相</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A6%E9%9C%B9%E9%9D%82" title="敦霹靂">敦霹雳</a>的领导下，马六甲王朝达到了空前绝后黄金时期，各国的商人都会聚集在这里并做贸易，这促使马六甲得以如此繁荣。 </p><p>自1433年以来，马六甲王朝国力日增，足以抵御主要的外敌暹罗入侵。到1446年，<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E6%85%95%E6%89%8E%E6%B3%95%E6%B2%99" title="蘇丹慕扎法沙">苏丹目扎法沙</a>即位后，任<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A6%E9%9C%B9%E9%9D%82" title="敦霹靂">敦霹雳</a>为宰相，为马六甲王朝首次击败了暹罗的入侵，稳固了马六甲的安全。1456年，阿瑜陀耶王國再次入侵马来半岛，遭到马六甲军队强力的打击战败在新加坡海峡附近，之后征服了彭亨、巴生、霹雳、吉打、登嘉楼、吉兰丹和北大年等地，将过去阿瑜陀耶王國的势力范围纳入了自己的版图。当时的马六甲王朝的领土涵盖了<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B" title="马来半岛">马来半岛</a>，一部分的泰国南部，印尼苏门答腊岛的一大部分。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="王朝沒落"><span id=".E7.8E.8B.E6.9C.9D.E6.B2.92.E8.90.BD"></span>王朝沒落</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：王朝沒落"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1488年，马目沙继承了马六甲苏丹之位，马六甲王朝当时已经达到了巅峰之时，成为东南亚的主要贸易中心。马六甲卓越的创造者，宰相敦霹雳去世后，继任的宰相<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A6%E5%A2%A8%E5%A4%AA%E4%BF%AE" title="敦墨太修">敦墨泰希</a>是个贪污腐败之人，他将国政大事一手掌握，其子则任天猛公要职，苏丹马目沙也偏旦他的恶行，以致国事日非，人心溃散，但马六甲王朝的国势依然如日中天，敦墨泰希之后也被处死。1510年，苏丹马目沙委任行动不便的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%A6%E7%99%BD%E5%9B%BE%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E7%AB%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="敦白图·加端（页面不存在）">敦白图·加端</a>为宰相后仍然荒废政事，他不是一个好国王，而统治階级内部派系之间也开展激烈斗争，人民与统治者矛盾也日趨尖鋭，直到第二年葡萄牙人的到来。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="葡萄牙王國的攻占与原因"><span id=".E8.91.A1.E8.90.84.E7.89.99.E7.8E.8B.E5.9C.8B.E7.9A.84.E6.94.BB.E5.8D.A0.E4.B8.8E.E5.8E.9F.E5.9B.A0"></span><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="葡萄牙王國">葡萄牙王國</a>的攻占与原因</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：葡萄牙王國的攻占与原因"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99-%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="葡萄牙-马六甲战役">葡萄牙-马六甲战役</a></div> <p>由于葡萄牙人在印度攻城略地的侵略行为也隨着商船贸易和印度逃亡的移民传入马六甲，而马六甲王朝内由印度商人带来巨大的商业利益和长年形成的政治势力，也使苏丹马目沙对于葡萄牙人心存戒心。 </p><p>1509年8月1日，由<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="葡萄牙王國">葡萄牙王國</a>上将<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%AA%E5%A5%A5%E6%88%88%C2%B7%E6%B4%9B%E4%BD%A9%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%A5%BF%E5%A5%8E%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="迪奥戈·洛佩斯·西奎拉（页面不存在）">迪奥戈·洛佩斯·西奎拉</a>（英语：Sequeira Diogo Lopes de Sequeira）率领五艘船舰抵达马六甲，要求登岸从事贸易和建立商站。敦墨泰希怂恿苏丹杀死来访的欧洲商人和舰队，于是苏丹马目沙企图将舰队指挥官西奎拉骗上岸后俘虏起来，然而消息泄漏，西奎拉连忙率领2艘船逃跑并烧掉了自己的2艘船。而滞留在岸上的二十餘葡萄牙官兵则被俘虏。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Morel-Fatio-MPB3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Morel-Fatio-MPB3.jpg/220px-Morel-Fatio-MPB3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Morel-Fatio-MPB3.jpg/330px-Morel-Fatio-MPB3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Morel-Fatio-MPB3.jpg/440px-Morel-Fatio-MPB3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="906" /></a><figcaption>葡萄牙所使用的克拉克帆船</figcaption></figure> <p>1511年5月2日，葡萄牙驻印度统督<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%96%B9%E7%B4%A2%C2%B7%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E4%B8%8D%E5%A5%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="阿方索·迪·阿不奎">阿方索·迪·阿不奎</a>以西奎拉被袭击事件，率领十九艘包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E5%B8%86%E8%88%B9" title="克拉克帆船">克拉克帆船</a>在内的大型葡萄牙海军攻打马六甲。双方展开谈判，阿不奎要求是释放所有葡萄牙囚犯并要求马六甲苏丹支付赔偿金，同时提出允许在马六甲建立葡萄牙的据点和炮台堡垒等若干请求，但被苏丹马目沙拒绝，双方谈判破裂。7月25日，阿不奎对马六甲城发动强攻，8月10日，苏丹马目沙弃守逃亡，经过10天的围攻后，葡萄牙人于8月24日占领了马六甲市。 </p><p>马六甲王朝的失败是因为马六甲的防御力量被人泄露。而16世纪初的葡萄牙正值强盛之时，正在建立一个海外殖民帝国。葡萄牙军队作为当时世界上最好的海军力量之一，不仅在海面上占据优势，还在一系列登陆攻城作战时表现了欧洲战场上磨练出的高素质。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历任苏丹"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E4.BB.BB.E8.8B.8F.E4.B8.B9"></span>历任苏丹</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：历任苏丹"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>马六甲王朝历约109年，共历7世8任苏丹。 </p> <table class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%; font-size:smaller;"> <tbody><tr> <th width="1%">顺序 </th> <th width="15%">肖像 </th> <th width="28%">名称 </th> <th width="20%">生卒日期 </th> <th width="20%">在位日期 </th> <th width="16%">备注 </th></tr> <tr> <td align="right">1 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Retrato_de_Parameswara.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Retrato_de_Parameswara.jpg/80px-Retrato_de_Parameswara.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Retrato_de_Parameswara.jpg/120px-Retrato_de_Parameswara.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Retrato_de_Parameswara.jpg/160px-Retrato_de_Parameswara.jpg 2x" data-file-width="363" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9C%E9%87%8C%E7%B1%B3%E8%8B%8F%E6%8B%89" title="拜里米苏拉">拜里米苏拉</a>（拜里迷苏剌）</b><br /><span lang="ms">Sri Maharaja Parameswara (Dharmaraja)</span> </td> <td>1344年－1414年 </td> <td>1402年－1414年 </td> <td> <ul><li>淡马锡及马六甲拉惹</li> <li>登陆麻坡河口，建立马六甲苏丹王朝</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2 </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%8D%E5%B9%B2%E6%92%92" title="母干撒">苏丹依斯干达沙</a>（母干撒于的儿沙）</b><br /><span lang="ms">Sultan Iskandar Shah (Sri Ratna Adivikrama di-Raja)</span> </td> <td>1344年－1424年 </td> <td>1414年－1424年 </td> <td> <ul><li>定都马六甲</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">3 </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E6%B2%99" title="苏丹莫哈末沙">苏丹莫哈末沙</a>（西里麻哈剌）</b><br /><span lang="ms">Sultan Muhammad Shah ibni al-Marhum Raja Besar Muda Ahmad (Sri Maharaja)</span> </td> <td>1388年－1444年 </td> <td>1424年－1444年 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">4 </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E6%B2%99%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7%E6%B2%99" title="蘇丹阿布沙希德沙">蘇丹阿布沙希德沙</a>（息力八密息瓦儿丢八沙）</b><br /><span lang="ms">Sultan Abu Syahid Shah ibni al-Marhum Sultan Muhammad Shah (Sri Parameswara Dewa Shah)</span> </td> <td>1443年－1446年 </td> <td>1444年－1446年 </td> <td> <ul><li>未曾正式登基</li> <li>在暴乱中被杀害</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">5 </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E6%85%95%E6%89%8E%E6%B3%95%E6%B2%99" title="蘇丹慕扎法沙">蘇丹慕扎法沙</a>（速鲁檀无答佛哪沙）</b><br /><span lang="ms">Sultan Muzaffar Shah ibni al-Marhum Sultan Muhammad Shah</span> </td> <td>？－1459年 </td> <td>1446年－1459年 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">6 </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E6%BB%A1%E9%80%9F%E6%B2%99" title="苏丹满速沙">苏丹满速沙</a>（苏丹芒速沙）</b><br /><span lang="ms">Sultan Mansur Shah ibni al-Marhum Sultan Muzaffar Shah</span> </td> <td>1442年－1477年 </td> <td>1459年－1477年 </td> <td> <ul><li>占领彭亨、金宝及西亚克</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">7 </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E7%83%8F%E4%B8%81%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E6%B2%99" title="蘇丹阿拉烏丁利亞沙">蘇丹阿拉烏丁利亞沙</a>（马哈木沙）</b><br /><span lang="ms">Sultan Alauddin Ri'ayat Shah I ibni al-Marhum Sultan Mansur Shah</span> </td> <td>1456年－1488年 </td> <td>1477年－1488年 </td> <td> <ul><li>占领龙牙及廖内群岛</li> <li>被毒杀</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">8 </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E9%A9%AC%E6%9C%AB%E6%B2%99" title="苏丹马末沙">苏丹马末沙</a>（苏端妈末）</b><br /><span lang="ms">Sultan Mahmud Shah I ibni al-Marhum Sultan Alauddin Shah</span> </td> <td>？－1530年 </td> <td>1488年－1528年 </td> <td> <ul><li>马六甲及柔佛苏丹</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">9 </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E6%B2%99_(%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9)" title="阿末沙 (马六甲苏丹)">苏丹阿末沙</a></b><br /><span lang="ms">Sultan Muda Ahmad Shah ibni Sultan Mahmud Shah</span> </td> <td>？－1513年 </td> <td>1510年－1513年 </td> <td> <ul><li>定都民丹（<span lang="ms">Bintan</span>）</li> <li>与苏丹马末沙平分政权</li> <li>被赐死</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参看"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E7.9C.8B"></span>参看</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：参看"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9C%E9%87%8C%E7%B1%B3%E8%8B%8F%E6%8B%89" title="拜里米苏拉">拜里米苏拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%96%B9%E7%B4%A2%C2%B7%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E4%B8%8D%E5%A5%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="阿方索·迪·阿不奎">阿方索·迪·阿不奎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2" title="马六甲">马六甲</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="備註"><span id=".E5.82.99.E8.A8.BB"></span>備註</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=21" title="编辑章节：備註"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="references-NoteFoot"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">据《明史》记载，碑文之末，有七言古诗一首，其诗如下：西南巨海中国通，输天灌地億载同，洗日浴月光景融，雨崖露石草木濃。金花宝鈿生青红，有国於此民俗雍，王好善義思朝宗，願比内郡依华风。出入導從张蓋重，仪文赐襲礼虔恭，大书贞石表尔忠，尔国西山永鎮封。山居海伯翕扈從，皇考陟降在彼穹，后天監视久彌隆，尔众子孙万福崇。</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=22" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 25em; -webkit-column-width: 25em; column-width: 25em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><b>1.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><b>1.3</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">《马来西亚，多元共生的赤道国度-马六甲皇朝篇》ISBN 978-957-08-5276-9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">出自张礼千〈马六甲史〉廖文辉编，《张礼千文集》</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output 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<ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%97" title="马来西亚国旗">国旗</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E8%8A%B1" title="馬來西亞國花">国花 <small>(朱槿)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E8%99%8E" title="马来亚虎">马来亚虎</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Malaysia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="马来西亚国徽"><img alt="马来西亚国徽" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Coat_of_arms_of_Malaysia.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Coat_of_arms_of_Malaysia.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Coat_of_arms_of_Malaysia.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="歷史">歷史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">史前时期</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8F%B2%E5%89%8D%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="马来西亚史前时期">史前时期</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">早期王国</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>国境内 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E5%9C%9F" title="赤土">赤土</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9A%E8%BF%A6%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="刚迦王国">刚迦王国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%BC%E7%89%99%E8%84%A9" title="狼牙脩">狼牙脩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%98%E7%9B%98" title="盘盘">盘盘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%90%89%E6%89%93" title="古吉打">古吉打</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="古彭亨" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Old Pahang Kingdom"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古彭亨（页面不存在）">古彭亨</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Pahang_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Old Pahang Kingdom"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Old Pahang Kingdom</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li>国境外 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="新加坡王国">淡马锡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E7%BD%97%E7%91%9C" title="末罗瑜">末罗瑜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BD%9B%E9%BD%90" title="三佛齐">三佛齐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A1%E8%80%85%E4%BC%AF%E5%A4%B7" title="满者伯夷">满者伯夷</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">伊斯兰君主国</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%89%93%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="吉打苏丹国">吉打苏丹国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%B6%E8%90%8A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="汶萊帝國">汶萊帝國</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">马六甲苏丹国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%A8" title="彭亨">彭亨苏丹国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="柔佛苏丹国">柔佛苏丹国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%B9%E9%9D%82_(%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E)" class="mw-redirect" title="霹靂 (馬來西亞)">霹雳苏丹国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%B9" title="吉兰丹">吉兰丹苏丹国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E5%98%89%E6%A8%93" title="登嘉樓">登嘉楼苏丹国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E8%98%AD%E8%8E%AA" title="雪蘭莪">雪兰莪苏丹国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%AE%E7%BE%8E%E5%85%B0" title="森美兰">森美兰严端国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83%E5%B8%82" title="玻璃市">玻璃市拉惹国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E7%A5%BF%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B" title="蘇祿蘇丹國">蘇祿蘇丹國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E9%BD%8A%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B" title="亞齊蘇丹國">亞齊蘇丹國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="北大年苏丹国">北大年苏丹国</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">殖民时期</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E5%B1%9E%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2" title="葡属马六甲">葡属马六甲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%9E%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2" title="荷属马六甲">荷属马六甲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E4%BA%9E" title="英屬馬來亞">英屬馬來亞</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="海峡殖民地">海峡殖民地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6" title="馬來聯邦">馬來聯邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E5%B1%AC%E9%82%A6" title="馬來屬邦">馬來屬邦</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2" title="英屬婆羅洲">英屬婆羅洲</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="砂拉越王国">砂拉越王国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E9%97%BD%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="纳闽直辖殖民地">纳闽直辖殖民地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2" title="北婆羅洲">北婆羅洲</a></li></ul></li> <li>日据时期 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E6%97%A5%E5%8D%A0%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="马来亚日占时期">日占马来亚</a> / <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2%E6%97%A5%E4%BD%94%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="英屬婆羅洲日佔時期">日占婆罗洲</a></li></ul></li> <li>英国军事管制区 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E7%AE%A1%E5%88%B6%E5%8D%80_(%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E4%BA%9E)" title="英國軍事管制區 (馬來亞)">馬來亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E7%AE%A1%E5%88%B6%E5%8D%80_(%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2)" title="英國軍事管制區 (婆羅洲)">婆罗洲</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E4%BA%9E" title="英屬馬來亞">英屬馬來亞</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="马来亚联邦">马来亚联邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E9%82%A6" title="马来亚联合邦">马来亚联合邦</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="新加坡殖民地">新加坡殖民地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E7%9B%B4%E8%BD%84%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="砂拉越直轄殖民地">砂拉越直轄殖民地</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E5%8F%8D%E8%AE%A9%E6%B8%A1%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="砂拉越反让渡运动">砂拉越反让渡运动</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2%E7%9B%B4%E8%BD%84%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="北婆羅洲直轄殖民地">北婆羅洲直轄殖民地</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">独立自治</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E6%97%A5" title="马来西亚独立日">马来亚独立</a></li> <li>自治 <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="新加坡自治" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Pemerintahan sendiri Singapura"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="新加坡自治（页面不存在）">新加坡自治</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemerintahan_sendiri_Singapura" class="extiw" title="ms:Pemerintahan sendiri Singapura"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Pemerintahan sendiri Singapura</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E6%97%A5" title="砂拉越日">砂拉越自治</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E6%97%A5" title="沙巴日">沙巴自治</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%97%A5" title="马来西亚日">马来西亚成立</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="葛波委员会" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Suruhanjaya Cobbold"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%91%9B%E6%B3%A2%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="葛波委员会（页面不存在）">葛波委员会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suruhanjaya_Cobbold" class="extiw" title="ms:Suruhanjaya Cobbold"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Suruhanjaya Cobbold</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962%E5%B9%B4%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%A5%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%AE%AE%E6%A1%88%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95" title="1962年新加坡加入马来西亚议案公投">1962年新加坡公投</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%B7%9E" title="新加坡州">新加坡州</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">历史事件</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">条约</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1824%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%B1%E8%8D%B7%E6%A2%9D%E7%B4%84" title="1824年英荷條約">英荷条约</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E5%B0%BC%E6%A2%9D%E7%B4%84" title="伯尼條約">伯尼條約</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E5%92%AF%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" title="邦咯条约">邦咯条约</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A" title="马来西亚协定">马来西亚协定</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E9%99%85%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%8A%A5%E5%91%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="政府际委员会报告（页面不存在）">政府际委员会报告</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" title="1963年马来西亚法令">马来西亚法令</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E7%82%B9%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="十八点协议">十八点协议</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E7%82%B9%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="二十点协议">二十点协议</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80" title="马来西亚宣言">马来西亚宣言</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="东南亚国家联盟">东盟</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E7%9B%9F%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80" title="东盟宣言">东盟宣言</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人民集会</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>净选盟大集会 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2007%E5%B9%B4%E5%87%80%E9%80%89%E7%9B%9F%E5%A4%A7%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A" title="2007年净选盟大集会">净选盟大集会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E5%B9%B4%E5%87%80%E9%80%89%E7%9B%9F2.0%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A" title="2011年净选盟2.0集会">净选盟2.0集会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012%E5%B9%B4%E5%87%80%E9%80%89%E7%9B%9F3.0%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A" title="2012年净选盟3.0集会">净选盟3.0集会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015%E5%B9%B4%E5%87%80%E9%80%89%E7%9B%9F4.0%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A" title="2015年净选盟4.0集会">净选盟4.0集会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016%E5%B9%B4%E5%87%80%E9%80%89%E7%9B%9F5.0%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A" title="2016年净选盟5.0集会">淨選盟5.0集會</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="反内安法令集会" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Himpunan Anti ISA"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E5%86%85%E5%AE%89%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反内安法令集会（页面不存在）">反内安法令集会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himpunan_Anti_ISA" class="extiw" title="ms:Himpunan Anti ISA"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Himpunan Anti ISA</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2013年人民起义大集会" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Himpunan Kebangkitan Rakyat 2013"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2013%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89%E5%A4%A7%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2013年人民起义大集会（页面不存在）">人民起义大集会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himpunan_Kebangkitan_Rakyat_2013" class="extiw" title="ms:Himpunan Kebangkitan Rakyat 2013"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Himpunan Kebangkitan Rakyat 2013</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E8%AE%AE%E6%B6%A8%E4%BB%B7%E5%A4%A7%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A" title="抗议涨价大集会">抗议涨价大集会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%B9%8B%E5%A3%B0%EF%BC%8C%E5%9C%A3%E6%B4%81%E4%B9%8B%E5%A3%B0" title="人民之声，圣洁之声">黑色505集会</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚红衫军种族集会" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="2015 Malay Dignity rally"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%BA%A2%E8%A1%AB%E5%86%9B%E7%A7%8D%E6%97%8F%E9%9B%86%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚红衫军种族集会（页面不存在）">马来西亚红衫军种族集会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Malay_Dignity_rally" class="extiw" title="en:2015 Malay Dignity rally"><span lang="en" dir="auto">2015 Malay Dignity rally</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8DICERD%E5%A4%A7%E9%9B%86%E6%9C%83" title="反ICERD大集會">反ICERD大集會</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">灾难</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%BD%AA%E6%A1%88%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" title="马来西亚罪案问题">罪案</a></li> <li>社会类 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E6%91%A9%E6%B4%9B%E8%A2%AD%E5%87%BB" title="沙巴摩洛袭击">沙巴摩洛袭击</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E8%8E%B1%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1" title="文莱叛乱">文莱暴乱</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="东南亚烟霾" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Jerebu Asia Tenggara"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A%E7%83%9F%E9%9C%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="东南亚烟霾（页面不存在）">东南亚烟霾</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerebu_Asia_Tenggara" class="extiw" title="ms:Jerebu Asia Tenggara"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Jerebu Asia Tenggara</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="默玛里惨案" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Peristiwa Memali 1985"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%98%E7%8E%9B%E9%87%8C%E6%83%A8%E6%A1%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="默玛里惨案（页面不存在）">默玛里惨案</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peristiwa_Memali_1985" class="extiw" title="ms:Peristiwa Memali 1985"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Peristiwa Memali 1985</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A5%A5%E7%8E%9B%E4%B9%8C%E7%BA%B3%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1" title="2000年马来西亚奥玛乌纳叛乱">奥玛乌纳袭军事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E4%B8%B9%E6%9D%9C%E9%9B%85%C2%B7%E6%B2%99%E4%B8%BD%E5%B8%83%E8%B0%8B%E6%9D%80%E6%A1%88" title="阿尔丹杜雅·沙丽布谋杀案">阿尔丹杜雅·沙丽布谋杀案</a></li></ul></li> <li>政治类 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E4%BA%9E%E7%B7%8A%E6%80%A5%E7%8B%80%E6%85%8B" title="馬來亞緊急狀態">馬來亞緊急狀態</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B3%87%E5%86%AC%E5%8A%A0%E9%87%8C%E5%B1%A0%E6%9D%80%E6%83%A8%E6%A1%88" title="峇冬加里屠杀惨案">峇冬加里屠杀惨案</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E5%90%89%E5%93%88%E9%80%A2%E7%B7%8A%E6%80%A5%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="武吉哈逢緊急事件">武吉哈逢武装冲突</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E7%8E%B2%E5%92%8C%E8%B0%88" title="华玲和谈">华玲和谈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1" title="砂拉越共产主义叛乱">砂共叛乱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964%E5%B9%B4%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E7%A7%8D%E6%97%8F%E9%AA%9A%E4%B9%B1" title="1964年新加坡种族骚乱">1964年新加坡种族骚乱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1_(1968%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941989%E5%B9%B4)" title="马来亚共产党叛乱 (1968年—1989年)">马共叛乱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="五一三事件 (马来西亚)">五一三事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95%E4%BF%AE%E6%AD%A3%E6%A1%88" title="1993年马来西亚联邦宪法修正案">1993年马来西亚联邦宪法修正案</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E4%BE%86%E7%99%BB%E6%94%BF%E8%AE%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="喜來登政變">喜來登政變</a></li></ul></li> <li>空难 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA370%E5%8F%B7%E7%8F%AD%E6%9C%BA%E7%A9%BA%E9%9A%BE" title="马来西亚航空370号班机空难">马航MH370空难</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA17%E5%8F%B7%E7%8F%AD%E6%9C%BA%E7%A9%BA%E9%9A%BE" title="马来西亚航空17号班机空难">马航MH17空难</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA8501%E5%8F%B7%E7%8F%AD%E6%9C%BA%E7%A9%BA%E9%9A%BE" title="印尼亚洲航空8501号班机空难">亚航QZ8501空难</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="地理">地理</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="马来西亚行政区划">行政区划</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>区域 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="马来西亚半岛地区">马来西亚半岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E9%A6%AC" title="東馬">沙巴－砂拉越</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E%E5%B1%9E%E5%92%8C%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%8C%BA" title="马来西亚州属和联邦直辖区">一级行政区</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E%E5%B1%9E%E5%92%8C%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%8C%BA" title="马来西亚州属和联邦直辖区">州属</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%8C%BA" title="联邦直辖区">联邦直辖区</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%9C%81%E4%BB%BD" title="马来西亚省份">省份</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%BF%E4%BB%BD" title="马来西亚县份">县份</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%B8%82%E9%95%87" title="Category:马来西亚市镇">市镇</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚城市列表">城市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%89%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E7%99%BE%E5%88%86%E6%AF%94%E6%8E%92%E5%88%97%E7%9A%84%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="按华人人口百分比排列的马来西亚城市列表">华人</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚环境" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Alam Sekitar Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚环境（页面不存在）">地形地貌</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alam_Sekitar_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="ms:Alam Sekitar Malaysia"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Alam Sekitar Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%B2%9B%E5%B1%BF%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚岛屿列表">岛屿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%B9%96%E6%B3%8A%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚湖泊列表">湖泊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%B1%B1%E5%B3%B0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚山峰列表">山峰</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="馬來西亞火山列表">火山</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚国家公园列表">国家公园</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E6%B2%B3%E6%B5%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="馬來西亞河流列表">河流</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">自然资源</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9%E7%BE%A4" title="Category:馬來西亞動物群">动物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E7%BE%A4" title="Category:馬來西亞植物群">植物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BE%9B%E6%B0%B4" title="马来西亚供水">供水</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="政治">政治</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">基础</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A%E5%88%B6%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E7%AB%8B%E5%AE%AA%E5%88%B6" title="议会制君主立宪制">政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95" title="马来西亚联邦宪法">联邦宪法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%9F%E6%B2%BB%E8%80%85%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" title="统治者会议">统治者会议</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%9F%E6%B2%BB%E8%80%85%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚统治者列表">名单</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E7%BB%9F%E6%B2%BB%E8%80%85" title="马来统治者">马来统治者</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9E%E5%85%83%E9%A6%96" title="州元首">州元首</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E5%85%83%E9%A6%96" title="马来西亚最高元首">最高元首</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="马来西亚政府">政府</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="马来西亚地方政府">地方政府</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E6%9C%BA%E5%85%B3" title="立法机关">立法</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" title="马来西亚国会">国会</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E4%B8%8A%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2" title="馬來西亞上議院">上议院</a> <small>- <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%8A%E8%AE%AE%E9%99%A2%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="马来西亚国会上议院主席">主席</a></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E4%B8%8B%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2" title="馬來西亞下議院">下议院</a> <small>- <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%8B%E8%AE%AE%E9%99%A2%E8%AE%AE%E9%95%BF" title="马来西亚国会下议院议长">议长</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="马来西亚州议会">州议会</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E6%A9%9F%E9%97%9C" title="司法機關">司法</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="马来西亚法律制度">法律</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚法令列表">法令列表</a></li></ul></li> <li>民事法庭 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="马来西亚联邦法院">联邦法院</a> <small>-<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E9%A6%96%E5%B8%AD%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%98" title="马来西亚联邦首席大法官">首席大法官</a></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%B8%8A%E8%AF%89%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="马来西亚上诉法院">马来西亚上诉庭</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚高等法庭" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="High Courts (Malaysia)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E6%B3%95%E5%BA%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚高等法庭（页面不存在）">马来西亚高等法庭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Courts_(Malaysia)" class="extiw" title="en:High Courts (Malaysia)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">High Courts (Malaysia)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚地方法庭" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Judiciary_of_Malaysia#Sessions_Courts"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E5%BA%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚地方法庭（页面不存在）">马来西亚地方法庭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judiciary_of_Malaysia#Sessions_Courts" class="extiw" title="en:Judiciary of Malaysia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Judiciary_of_Malaysia#Sessions_Courts</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%8E%A8%E4%BA%8B%E6%B3%95%E5%BA%AD" title="马来西亚推事法庭">马来西亚推事法庭</a></li></ul></li> <li>宗教法庭 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%9E%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95%E5%BA%AD" title="马来西亚回教法庭">回教法庭</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚特别法庭" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Judiciary of Malaysia#Other courts"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%89%B9%E5%88%AB%E6%B3%95%E5%BA%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚特别法庭（页面不存在）">马来西亚特别法庭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judiciary_of_Malaysia#Other_courts" class="extiw" title="en:Judiciary of Malaysia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Judiciary of Malaysia#Other courts</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E6%9C%BA%E5%85%B3" title="行政机关">行政</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%A7%E9%96%A3" title="馬來西亞內閣">内阁</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8" title="马来西亚首相">首相</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%BD%B1%E5%AD%90%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="马来西亚影子内阁">影子內閣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="马来西亚州政府">州政府</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%90%84%E5%B7%9E%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E9%A6%96%E8%84%91" title="马来西亚各州政府首脑">州领袖</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">政要政党</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E6%94%BF%E9%BB%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="馬來西亞政黨列表">政党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%80%89%E4%B8%BE" title="马来西亚选举">选举</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%80%89%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚选区列表">选区</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">军事外交</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F" title="马来西亚武装部队">武装部队</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%99%86%E5%86%9B" title="马来西亚陆军">陆军</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B" title="马来西亚皇家海军">海军</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E7%A9%BA%E5%86%9B" title="马来西亚皇家空军">空军</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="马来西亚外交">外交</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">主权争议</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC%E2%80%94%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%AF%B9%E6%8A%97" class="mw-redirect" title="印尼—马来西亚对抗">马印对抗</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沙巴州争端" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Tuntutan Sabah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%9E%E4%BA%89%E7%AB%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙巴州争端（页面不存在）">沙巴州争端</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuntutan_Sabah" class="extiw" title="ms:Tuntutan Sabah"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Tuntutan Sabah</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E6%A2%A6%E5%8E%BF" title="林梦县">文莱索要林梦县</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1985年拿笃冲突" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Serangan hendap Lahad Datu 1985"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1985%E5%B9%B4%E6%8B%BF%E7%AC%83%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1985年拿笃冲突（页面不存在）">1985年拿笃冲突</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serangan_hendap_Lahad_Datu_1985" class="extiw" title="ms:Serangan hendap Lahad Datu 1985"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Serangan hendap Lahad Datu 1985</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013%E5%B9%B4%E6%8B%BF%E7%AF%A4%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="2013年拿篤衝突">2013年拿篤衝突</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%90%89%E4%B8%B9%E5%B3%B6%E5%92%8C%E8%A5%BF%E5%B7%B4%E4%B8%B9%E5%B3%B6%E4%B8%BB%E6%AC%8A%E7%88%AD%E8%AD%B0" title="利吉丹島和西巴丹島主權爭議">利吉丹岛和西巴丹岛争端</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="白礁岛争议" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Tuntutan bertindih mengenai Pulau Batu Puteh"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%99%BD%E7%A4%81%E5%B2%9B%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="白礁岛争议（页面不存在）">白礁岛争议</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuntutan_bertindih_mengenai_Pulau_Batu_Puteh" class="extiw" title="ms:Tuntutan bertindih mengenai Pulau Batu Puteh"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Tuntutan bertindih mengenai Pulau Batu Puteh</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%B5%B7%E7%88%AD%E8%AD%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="南海爭議">南海爭議</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%B2%99%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B%E4%B8%BB%E6%9D%83%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE" title="南沙群岛主权争议">南沙群岛</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="經濟">經濟</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">主要政策</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E4%BB%A4%E5%90%89" title="馬來西亞令吉">货币<small>(令吉)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC%E8%BF%9C%E6%99%AF%E7%AD%96%E5%88%92%E7%BA%B2%E8%A6%81" title="第一大马远景策划纲要">OPP1<small>(1971－1990年)</small></a> <small>-<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="新经济政策 (马来西亚)">新经济政策</a></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC%E8%BF%9C%E6%99%AF%E7%AD%96%E5%88%92%E7%BA%B2%E8%A6%81" title="第二大马远景策划纲要">OPP2<small>(1991－2000年)</small></a> <small>-<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国家发展蓝图 (马来西亚)" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Dasar Pembangunan Nasional"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E8%93%9D%E5%9B%BE_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国家发展蓝图 (马来西亚)（页面不存在）">国家发展蓝图</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasar_Pembangunan_Nasional" class="extiw" title="ms:Dasar Pembangunan Nasional"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Dasar Pembangunan Nasional</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<a href="/wiki/2020%E5%B9%B4%E5%AE%8F%E6%84%BF" title="2020年宏愿">2020年宏愿</a></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC%E8%BF%9C%E6%99%AF%E7%AD%96%E5%88%92%E7%BA%B2%E8%A6%81" title="第三大马远景策划纲要">OPP3<small>(2001-2010年)</small></a> <small>-<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国家宏愿政策" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="National Development Policy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%8F%E6%84%BF%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国家宏愿政策（页面不存在）">国家宏愿政策</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Development_Policy" class="extiw" title="en:National Development Policy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">National Development Policy</span></a></span>）</span></span></small></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="新经济模式" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="New Economic Model"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="新经济模式（页面不存在）">新经济模式</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Economic_Model" class="extiw" title="en:New Economic Model"><span lang="en" dir="auto">New Economic Model</span></a></span>）</span></span><small>(2011-2020年)</small> <small>-<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2050年国家转型计划" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Transformasi Nasional 2050"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2050%E5%B9%B4%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%BD%AC%E5%9E%8B%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2050年国家转型计划（页面不存在）">2050年国家转型计划</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformasi_Nasional_2050" class="extiw" title="ms:Transformasi Nasional 2050"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Transformasi Nasional 2050</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="经济转型计划" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economic Transformation Programme"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E8%BD%AC%E5%9E%8B%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="经济转型计划（页面不存在）">经济转型计划</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_Transformation_Programme" class="extiw" title="en:Economic Transformation Programme"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economic Transformation Programme</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="政府转型计划" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Government Transformation Programme (Malaysia)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E8%BD%AC%E5%9E%8B%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="政府转型计划（页面不存在）">政府转型计划</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_Transformation_Programme_(Malaysia)" class="extiw" title="en:Government Transformation Programme (Malaysia)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Government Transformation Programme (Malaysia)</span></a></span>）</span></span></small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他政策</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚能源政策" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Energy policy of Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚能源政策（页面不存在）">能源</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_policy_of_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="en:Energy policy of Malaysia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Energy policy of Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚联邦预算" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Bajet persekutuan Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E9%A2%84%E7%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚联邦预算（页面不存在）">预算</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bajet_persekutuan_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="ms:Bajet persekutuan Malaysia"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Bajet persekutuan Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%AE%B6%E5%9C%92%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" title="馬來西亞第二家園計劃">定居计划</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">概况</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="马来西亚经济">马来西亚经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%90%84%E5%B7%9E%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚各州国内生产总值列表">各州GDP</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚收入差距" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Jurang pendapatan di Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%94%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%B7%AE%E8%B7%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚收入差距（页面不存在）">收入差距</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurang_pendapatan_di_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="ms:Jurang pendapatan di Malaysia"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Jurang pendapatan di Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚贫穷问题" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Kemiskinan di Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%B4%AB%E7%A9%B7%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚贫穷问题（页面不存在）">贫穷问题</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemiskinan_di_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="ms:Kemiskinan di Malaysia"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Kemiskinan di Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">机构</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚银行列表">银行</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C" title="马来西亚国家银行">国家银行</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%82%A1%E7%A5%A8%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93%E6%89%80" title="马来西亚股票交易所">交易所</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%95%86%E5%9C%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚商场列表">商场</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%BF%9E%E9%94%81%E8%B6%85%E5%B8%82%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚连锁超市列表">连锁超市</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">产业</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚农业" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Pertanian di Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚农业（页面不存在）">农业</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertanian_di_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="ms:Pertanian di Malaysia"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Pertanian di Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">经济特区</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BE%9D%E6%96%AF%E5%B9%B2%E8%BE%BE%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E7%89%B9%E5%8C%BA" title="马来西亚依斯干达经济特区">马来西亚依斯干达</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%A9%AC%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E7%89%B9%E5%8C%BA" title="北马经济特区">北马经济特区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%B5%B7%E5%B2%B8%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E7%89%B9%E5%8C%BA" title="东海岸经济特区">东海岸经济特区</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="砂拉越再生能源走廊" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sarawak Corridor of Renewable Energy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E8%B5%B0%E5%BB%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="砂拉越再生能源走廊（页面不存在）">砂拉越再生能源走廊</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawak_Corridor_of_Renewable_Energy" class="extiw" title="en:Sarawak Corridor of Renewable Energy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sarawak Corridor of Renewable Energy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沙巴发展走廊" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sabah Development Corridor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E8%B5%B0%E5%BB%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙巴发展走廊（页面不存在）">沙巴发展走廊</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah_Development_Corridor" class="extiw" title="en:Sabah Development Corridor"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sabah Development Corridor</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">交通</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93" title="马来西亚铁路运输">铁路</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF%E7%B7%9A" title="Category:馬來西亞鐵路線">城市轨道交通</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF" title="Category:马来西亚道路">公路</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="马来西亚高速公路">高速公路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%B7%B4%E5%A3%AB" title="Category:馬來西亞巴士">巴士</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%B0%B4%E8%B7%AF%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93" title="Category:马来西亚水路运输">水路</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%B8%AF%E5%8F%A3" title="Category:马来西亚港口">港口</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚机场列表">航空</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚航空公司列表">航空公司</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚机场列表">机场</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="社會">社會</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3" title="Template:马来西亚人口">族群</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3" title="马来西亚人口">人口</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA" title="马来西亚人">马来西亚人</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%BA" title="马来西亚马来人">马来人</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%B6%E8%90%8A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E4%BA%BA" title="汶萊馬來人">汶萊馬來人</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA" title="馬來西亞華人">华人</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B3%87%E5%B3%87%E5%A8%98%E6%83%B9" title="峇峇娘惹">峇峇娘惹 <small>(土生华人)</small></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E4%BA%BA" title="马来西亚印度人">印度人</a></li> <li>少数民族 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E7%91%A4%E4%BA%BA" title="巴瑤人">巴瑤族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%BE%E5%8F%8B%E4%BA%BA" title="比达友人">比达友人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E7%8F%AD%E4%BA%BA" title="伊班人">伊班人</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马兰诺人" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Melanau people"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%BA%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马兰诺人（页面不存在）">马兰诺人</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanau_people" class="extiw" title="en:Melanau people"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Melanau people</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%BE%BE%E5%B1%B1-%E6%9D%9C%E9%A1%BA%E4%BA%BA" title="卡达山-杜顺人">卡达山-杜顺人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E9%81%94%E5%A4%AE%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="卡達央族">卡達央族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E5%B7%B4%E6%97%BA%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="伦巴旺族">伦巴旺族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%8D%97%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="本南族">本南族</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="马来西亚文化">文化</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="馬來西亞語言">语言</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E8%8F%AF%E8%AA%9E" title="馬來西亞華語">馬來西亞華語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" title="馬來西亞英語">馬來西亞英語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="馬來西亞宗教">宗教</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚宗教自由" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Kebebasan beragama di Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚宗教自由（页面不存在）">马来西亚宗教自由</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kebebasan_beragama_di_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="ms:Kebebasan beragama di Malaysia"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Kebebasan beragama di Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%81%87%E6%9C%9F" title="馬來西亞公共假期">节假日</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E9%A3%B2%E9%A3%9F" title="馬來西亞飲食">饮食</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E4%BA%BA%E5%90%8D" title="馬來西亞人名">人名</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89%E7%89%A9" title="Category:馬來西亞建築物">建筑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1" title="馬來西亞電影">电影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%BB" title="马来西亚动画">动画</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚文学" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Sastera Melayu"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚文学（页面不存在）">文学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sastera_Melayu" class="extiw" title="ms:Sastera Melayu"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Sastera Melayu</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚音乐" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Muzik Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚音乐（页面不存在）">音乐</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzik_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="ms:Muzik Malaysia"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Muzik Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来民间故事" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Cerita dongeng masyarakat Melayu"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%91%E9%97%B4%E6%95%85%E4%BA%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来民间故事（页面不存在）">马来民间故事</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerita_dongeng_masyarakat_Melayu" class="extiw" title="ms:Cerita dongeng masyarakat Melayu"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Cerita dongeng masyarakat Melayu</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%BA%E8%87%B3%E4%B8%8A" title="马来人至上">马来人至上</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="马来西亚教育">教育</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚大学列表">大学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="马来西亚中学">中学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E5%9E%8B%E5%8D%8E%E6%96%87%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="国民型华文中学">华文中学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E6%96%87%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="华文独立中学">独立中学</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">媒体</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB%E7%A4%BE" title="马来西亚国家新闻社">国家新闻社</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚传媒" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Media Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%A0%E5%AA%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚传媒（页面不存在）">传媒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="ms:Media Malaysia"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Media Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%A0%B1%E5%88%8A%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="馬來西亞報刊列表">报刊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E9%A0%BB%E9%81%93%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="馬來西亞電視頻道列表">电视</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E9%9B%BB%E5%8F%B0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="馬來西亞電台列表">电台</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BD%93%E8%82%B2" title="马来西亚体育">体育</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8C%BB%E7%96%97%E5%81%A5%E4%BF%9D" title="马来西亚医疗健保">医疗健保</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚医院列表">医院</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚科技" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Sains dan teknologi di Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚科技（页面不存在）">科技</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains_dan_teknologi_di_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="ms:Sains dan teknologi di Malaysia"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Sains dan teknologi di Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚通讯" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Telekomunikasi di Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚通讯（页面不存在）">通讯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikasi_di_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="ms:Telekomunikasi di Malaysia"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Telekomunikasi di Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚电话区号" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Telephone numbers in Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E5%8C%BA%E5%8F%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚电话区号（页面不存在）">电话区号</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="en:Telephone numbers in Malaysia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Telephone numbers in Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%82%AE%E6%94%BF%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81" title="马来西亚邮政编码">邮编</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚旅游" data-lang-code="id" data-lang-name="印度尼西亚语" data-foreign-title="Pariwisata di Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%97%85%E6%B8%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚旅游（页面不存在）">旅游</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">印度尼西亚语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pariwisata_di_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="id:Pariwisata di Malaysia"><span lang="id" dir="auto">Pariwisata di Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E9%81%BA%E7%94%A2%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="馬來西亞世界遺產列表">世界遗产</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚人权" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Hak asasi manusia di Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%9D%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚人权（页面不存在）">人权</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hak_asasi_manusia_di_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="ms:Hak asasi manusia di Malaysia"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Hak asasi manusia di Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9ALGBT%E6%9D%83%E7%9B%8A" title="马来西亚LGBT权益">LGBT</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="印度尼西亞歷史政權" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A" title="Template:印度尼西亞歷史政權"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:印度尼西亞歷史政權（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:印度尼西亞歷史政權"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="印度尼西亞歷史政權" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="印度尼西亞">印度尼西亞</a>歷史政權</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%AA%E5%93%87" class="mw-redirect" title="爪哇">爪哇</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">印度教/佛教</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="布蘭邦甘王國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Blambangan Kingdom"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%98%AD%E9%82%A6%E7%94%98%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="布蘭邦甘王國（页面不存在）">布蘭邦甘王國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blambangan_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Blambangan Kingdom"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Blambangan Kingdom</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="加盧國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Galuh Kingdom"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E7%9B%A7%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加盧國（页面不存在）">加盧國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galuh_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Galuh Kingdom"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Galuh Kingdom</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊舍那天王朝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ishana dynasty"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E8%88%8D%E9%82%A3%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊舍那天王朝（页面不存在）">伊舍那天王朝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishana_dynasty" class="extiw" title="en:Ishana dynasty"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ishana dynasty</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E8%BF%A6%E7%BD%97" title="重迦罗">重迦羅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E9%87%8C%E7%8F%AD" title="固里班">固里班</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%83%E9%99%B5" title="诃陵">訶陵</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Majapahit_fictitious_flag.svg/23px-Majapahit_fictitious_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Majapahit_fictitious_flag.svg/35px-Majapahit_fictitious_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Majapahit_fictitious_flag.svg/46px-Majapahit_fictitious_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="607" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A1%E8%80%85%E4%BC%AF%E5%A4%B7" title="满者伯夷">滿者伯夷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%89%93%E5%85%B0%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="马打兰王国">马打兰王国</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="萬丹·庫姆蘭" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Medang Kamulan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%90%AC%E4%B8%B9%C2%B7%E5%BA%AB%E5%A7%86%E8%98%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="萬丹·庫姆蘭（页面不存在）">萬丹·庫姆蘭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medang_Kamulan" class="extiw" title="en:Medang Kamulan"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Medang Kamulan</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="拉賈沙王朝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rajasa dynasty"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E8%B3%88%E6%B2%99%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉賈沙王朝（页面不存在）">拉賈沙王朝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasa_dynasty" class="extiw" title="en:Rajasa dynasty"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rajasa dynasty</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="珊闍耶王朝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sanjaya dynasty"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8F%8A%E9%97%8D%E8%80%B6%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="珊闍耶王朝（页面不存在）">珊闍耶王朝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanjaya_dynasty" class="extiw" title="en:Sanjaya dynasty"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sanjaya dynasty</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="薩拉卡納迦拉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Salakanagara"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E6%8B%89%E5%8D%A1%E7%B4%8D%E8%BF%A6%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩拉卡納迦拉（页面不存在）">薩拉卡納迦拉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salakanagara" class="extiw" title="en:Salakanagara"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Salakanagara</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E8%BF%9E%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="夏连特拉王国">夏連特拉王國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E8%AF%83%E6%B2%99%E9%87%8C" title="信诃沙里">信訶沙里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BD%9B%E9%BD%90" title="三佛齐">三佛齐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%BD%E4%BB%96%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="巽他王國">巽他王國</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="塔魯瑪納伽拉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tarumanagara"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%94%E9%AD%AF%E7%91%AA%E7%B4%8D%E4%BC%BD%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="塔魯瑪納伽拉（页面不存在）">塔魯瑪納伽拉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarumanagara" class="extiw" title="en:Tarumanagara"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tarumanagara</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E7%BE%85%E5%A4%8F%E6%B2%BB" title="日羅夏治">日羅夏治</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E6%9D%BF" title="杜板">杜板</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">伊斯蘭教</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Banten.svg/19px-Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Banten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Banten.svg/29px-Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Banten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Banten.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Banten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="434" data-file-height="347" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%90%AC%E4%B8%B9%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B" title="萬丹蘇丹國">萬丹蘇丹國</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Katoenen_banier_met_Arabische_kalligrafie_TMnr_5663-1.svg/23px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Katoenen_banier_met_Arabische_kalligrafie_TMnr_5663-1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Katoenen_banier_met_Arabische_kalligrafie_TMnr_5663-1.svg/35px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Katoenen_banier_met_Arabische_kalligrafie_TMnr_5663-1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Katoenen_banier_met_Arabische_kalligrafie_TMnr_5663-1.svg/46px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Katoenen_banier_met_Arabische_kalligrafie_TMnr_5663-1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="380" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%95%E9%87%8C%E6%B1%B6%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="井里汶苏丹国">井里汶苏丹国</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Id-siak1.GIF/19px-Id-siak1.GIF" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Id-siak1.GIF/29px-Id-siak1.GIF 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Id-siak1.GIF/38px-Id-siak1.GIF 2x" data-file-width="272" data-file-height="217" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A1%E7%9B%AE%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="淡目苏丹国">淡目苏丹国</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalinyamat_Sultanate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalinyamat Sultanate（页面不存在）">Kalinyamat</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Mataram.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Mataram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Mataram.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Mataram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Mataram.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Mataram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="929" data-file-height="468" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%89%93%E5%85%B0%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="马打兰苏丹国">馬打蘭蘇丹國</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴章" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kingdom of Pajang"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴章（页面不存在）">巴章</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Pajang" class="extiw" title="en:Kingdom of Pajang"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kingdom of Pajang</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="雙木丹拉讓" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kingdom of Sumedang Larang"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%99%E6%9C%A8%E4%B8%B9%E6%8B%89%E8%AE%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雙木丹拉讓（页面不存在）">雙木丹拉讓</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sumedang_Larang" class="extiw" title="en:Kingdom of Sumedang Larang"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kingdom of Sumedang Larang</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Sunanate_of_Surakarta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sunanate_of_Surakarta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Sunanate_of_Surakarta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sunanate_of_Surakarta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Sunanate_of_Surakarta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Sunanate_of_Surakarta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="梭羅蘇丹國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Surakarta Sunanate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A2%AD%E7%BE%85%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="梭羅蘇丹國（页面不存在）">梭羅蘇丹國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surakarta_Sunanate" class="extiw" title="en:Surakarta Sunanate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Surakarta Sunanate</span></a></span>）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Panji_Kanjeng_Kyai_Tunggul_Wulung.png/23px-Panji_Kanjeng_Kyai_Tunggul_Wulung.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Panji_Kanjeng_Kyai_Tunggul_Wulung.png/35px-Panji_Kanjeng_Kyai_Tunggul_Wulung.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Panji_Kanjeng_Kyai_Tunggul_Wulung.png/46px-Panji_Kanjeng_Kyai_Tunggul_Wulung.png 2x" data-file-width="1380" data-file-height="855" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%83%B9%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B" title="日惹蘇丹國">日惹蘇丹國</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E9%96%80%E7%AD%94%E8%87%98" title="蘇門答臘">蘇門答臘</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">印度教/佛教</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="德哈馬斯拉雅" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dharmasraya"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="德哈馬斯拉雅（页面不存在）">德哈馬斯拉雅</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dharmasraya" class="extiw" title="en:Dharmasraya"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dharmasraya</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="甘迪斯王國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kandis Kingdom"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%98%E8%BF%AA%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="甘迪斯王國（页面不存在）">甘迪斯王國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandis_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Kandis Kingdom"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kandis Kingdom</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B2%E9%99%80%E5%88%A9" title="干陀利">干陀利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E7%BD%97%E7%91%9C" title="末罗瑜">末罗瑜</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mauli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mauli（页面不存在）">Mauli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pannai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pannai（页面不存在）">Pannai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samaskuta_Kingdom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samaskuta Kingdom（页面不存在）">Samaskuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BD%9B%E9%BD%90" title="三佛齐">三佛齐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E5%AD%A4%E5%84%BF" title="那孤儿">那孤儿</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">伊斯蘭教</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Aceh_Sultanate.svg/23px-Flag_of_Aceh_Sultanate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Aceh_Sultanate.svg/35px-Flag_of_Aceh_Sultanate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Aceh_Sultanate.svg/46px-Flag_of_Aceh_Sultanate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2107" data-file-height="1340" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E9%BD%8A%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B" title="亞齊蘇丹國">亞齊蘇丹國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%91%E9%B2%81" title="哑鲁">啞魯</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Asahan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Asahan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Asahan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Asahan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Asahan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Asahan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="亞沙漢蘇丹國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Asahan Sultanate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9E%E6%B2%99%E6%BC%A2%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亞沙漢蘇丹國（页面不存在）">亞沙漢蘇丹國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asahan_Sultanate" class="extiw" title="en:Asahan Sultanate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Asahan Sultanate</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Deli.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Deli.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Deli.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Deli.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Deli.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Deli.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="684" /></span></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="日里蘇丹國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sultanate of Deli"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A5%E9%87%8C%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="日里蘇丹國（页面不存在）">日里蘇丹國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_Deli" class="extiw" title="en:Sultanate of Deli"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sultanate of Deli</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Riau-Lingga_Sultanate_-_%28Sultan_Personal_Standard%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Riau-Lingga_Sultanate_-_%28Sultan_Personal_Standard%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Riau-Lingga_Sultanate_-_%28Sultan_Personal_Standard%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Riau-Lingga_Sultanate_-_%28Sultan_Personal_Standard%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Riau-Lingga_Sultanate_-_%28Sultan_Personal_Standard%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Riau-Lingga_Sultanate_-_%28Sultan_Personal_Standard%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="占碑蘇丹國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jambi Sultanate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A0%E7%A2%91%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="占碑蘇丹國（页面不存在）">占碑蘇丹國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jambi_Sultanate" class="extiw" title="en:Jambi Sultanate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jambi Sultanate</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/White_Flag_of_the_Malay_Sultanates.svg/23px-White_Flag_of_the_Malay_Sultanates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/White_Flag_of_the_Malay_Sultanates.svg/35px-White_Flag_of_the_Malay_Sultanates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/White_Flag_of_the_Malay_Sultanates.svg/46px-White_Flag_of_the_Malay_Sultanates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="柔佛苏丹国">柔佛蘇丹國</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Langkat.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Langkat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Langkat.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Langkat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Langkat.svg/45px-Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Langkat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="332" /></span></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="朗卡特蘇丹國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sultanate of Langkat"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%97%E5%8D%A1%E7%89%B9%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="朗卡特蘇丹國（页面不存在）">朗卡特蘇丹國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_Langkat" class="extiw" title="en:Sultanate of Langkat"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sultanate of Langkat</span></a></span>）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:Error mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0?wpDestFile=Islamic_flag_as_shown_in_the_Cantino_Planisphere_(1512).png" class="new" title="File:Islamic flag as shown in the Cantino Planisphere (1512).png"><span class="mw-file-element mw-broken-media" data-width="23" data-height="15">File:Islamic flag as shown in the Cantino Planisphere (1512).png</span></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">马六甲苏丹国</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巨港蘇丹國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Palembang Sultanate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A8%E6%B8%AF%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巨港蘇丹國（页面不存在）">巨港蘇丹國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palembang_Sultanate" class="extiw" title="en:Palembang Sultanate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Palembang Sultanate</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Pagaruyung.jpg/23px-Flag_of_Pagaruyung.jpg" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Pagaruyung.jpg/35px-Flag_of_Pagaruyung.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Pagaruyung.jpg/46px-Flag_of_Pagaruyung.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="288" /></span></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴葛魯容王國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pagaruyung Kingdom"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E8%91%9B%E9%AD%AF%E5%AE%B9%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴葛魯容王國（页面不存在）">巴葛魯容王國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagaruyung_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Pagaruyung Kingdom"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pagaruyung Kingdom</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_Riau-Lingga_Sultanate.svg/23px-Flag_of_Riau-Lingga_Sultanate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_Riau-Lingga_Sultanate.svg/35px-Flag_of_Riau-Lingga_Sultanate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_Riau-Lingga_Sultanate.svg/45px-Flag_of_Riau-Lingga_Sultanate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="廖內-林加蘇丹國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Riau-Lingga Sultanate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%96%E5%85%A7-%E6%9E%97%E5%8A%A0%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="廖內-林加蘇丹國（页面不存在）">廖內-林加蘇丹國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riau-Lingga_Sultanate" class="extiw" title="en:Riau-Lingga Sultanate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Riau-Lingga Sultanate</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%9C%A8%E9%83%BD%E5%89%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="苏木都剌国">蘇木都剌國</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Royal_Malay_Banner_%28Yellow%29.svg/23px-Royal_Malay_Banner_%28Yellow%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Royal_Malay_Banner_%28Yellow%29.svg/35px-Royal_Malay_Banner_%28Yellow%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Royal_Malay_Banner_%28Yellow%29.svg/45px-Royal_Malay_Banner_%28Yellow%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></span></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沙登蘇丹國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sultanate of Serdang"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E7%99%BB%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙登蘇丹國（页面不存在）">沙登蘇丹國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_Serdang" class="extiw" title="en:Sultanate of Serdang"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sultanate of Serdang</span></a></span>）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Siak_Sri_Indrapura.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Siak_Sri_Indrapura.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Siak_Sri_Indrapura.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Siak_Sri_Indrapura.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Siak_Sri_Indrapura.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Siak_Sri_Indrapura.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="330" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1%E4%BA%9A%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="锡亚苏丹国">锡亚苏丹国</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E9%87%8C%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%B9" title="加里曼丹">加里曼丹</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Banjar_Sultanate_Flag.svg/23px-Banjar_Sultanate_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Banjar_Sultanate_Flag.svg/35px-Banjar_Sultanate_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Banjar_Sultanate_Flag.svg/45px-Banjar_Sultanate_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="531" data-file-height="354" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%AD%E8%B4%BE%E5%B0%94%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="班贾尔苏丹国">班贾尔苏丹国</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Old_Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Old_Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Old_Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Old_Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Old_Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Old_Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%B6%E8%90%8A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="汶萊帝國">汶萊帝國</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Bulungan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulungan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Bulungan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulungan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Bulungan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Bulungan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="布隆岸蘇丹國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sultanate of Bulungan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E9%9A%86%E5%B2%B8%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="布隆岸蘇丹國（页面不存在）">布隆岸蘇丹國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_Bulungan" class="extiw" title="en:Sultanate of Bulungan"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sultanate of Bulungan</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Bendera_Kesultanan_Kutai_Kartanegara_ing_Martadipura.png/21px-Bendera_Kesultanan_Kutai_Kartanegara_ing_Martadipura.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Bendera_Kesultanan_Kutai_Kartanegara_ing_Martadipura.png/32px-Bendera_Kesultanan_Kutai_Kartanegara_ing_Martadipura.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Bendera_Kesultanan_Kutai_Kartanegara_ing_Martadipura.png/42px-Bendera_Kesultanan_Kutai_Kartanegara_ing_Martadipura.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="725" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%B3%B0" title="古泰">古泰</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Lanfang_Republic_Reconstructed_Flag.svg/23px-Lanfang_Republic_Reconstructed_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Lanfang_Republic_Reconstructed_Flag.svg/35px-Lanfang_Republic_Reconstructed_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Lanfang_Republic_Reconstructed_Flag.svg/45px-Lanfang_Republic_Reconstructed_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1280" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E8%8A%B3%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="蘭芳共和國">蘭芳共和國</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Negara_Daha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Negara Daha（页面不存在）">Negara Daha</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Pontianak_Sultanate.svg/19px-Flag_of_Pontianak_Sultanate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Pontianak_Sultanate.svg/29px-Flag_of_Pontianak_Sultanate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Pontianak_Sultanate.svg/38px-Flag_of_Pontianak_Sultanate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A4%E7%94%B8%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="坤甸苏丹国">坤甸苏丹国</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bendera_sambas.png/23px-Bendera_sambas.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bendera_sambas.png/35px-Bendera_sambas.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bendera_sambas.png/46px-Bendera_sambas.png 2x" data-file-width="3310" data-file-height="1987" /></span></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="三發蘇丹國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sultanate of Sambas"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E7%99%BC%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="三發蘇丹國（页面不存在）">三發蘇丹國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sambas" class="extiw" title="en:Sultanate of Sambas"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sultanate of Sambas</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Old_Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Old_Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Old_Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Old_Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Old_Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Old_Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="砂拉越蘇丹國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sultanate of Sarawak"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="砂拉越蘇丹國（页面不存在）">砂拉越蘇丹國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sarawak" class="extiw" title="en:Sultanate of Sarawak"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sultanate of Sarawak</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Matan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Matan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Matan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Matan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Matan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Matan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E6%88%8E%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="丹戎布拉王國">丹戎布拉王國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E5%90%89%E4%B8%B9" title="苏吉丹">苏吉丹</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%8B%89%E5%A8%81%E8%A5%BF%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇拉威西島">蘇拉威西島</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Gowa.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Gowa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Gowa.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Gowa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Gowa.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Gowa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%88%88%E7%93%A6%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="戈瓦苏丹国">戈瓦苏丹国</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Bendera_Kesultanan_Bone.png/21px-Bendera_Kesultanan_Bone.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Bendera_Kesultanan_Bone.png/32px-Bendera_Kesultanan_Bone.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Bendera_Kesultanan_Bone.png/42px-Bendera_Kesultanan_Bone.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="929" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%B0%BC%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="波尼苏丹国">波尼苏丹国</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Macangnge_Flag_of_Luwu.jpg/23px-Macangnge_Flag_of_Luwu.jpg" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Macangnge_Flag_of_Luwu.jpg/35px-Macangnge_Flag_of_Luwu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Macangnge_Flag_of_Luwu.jpg/46px-Macangnge_Flag_of_Luwu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2333" data-file-height="1469" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E9%9B%BE%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="卢雾王国">卢雾王国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E4%B9%85%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="瓦久王国">瓦久王国</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Lordship_of_Banggai.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lordship_of_Banggai.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Lordship_of_Banggai.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lordship_of_Banggai.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Lordship_of_Banggai.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lordship_of_Banggai.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="225" /></span></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="邦蓋王國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kingdom of Banggai"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%A6%E8%93%8B%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="邦蓋王國（页面不存在）">邦蓋王國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Banggai" class="extiw" title="en:Kingdom of Banggai"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kingdom of Banggai</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%B7%BD%E4%BB%96%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="小巽他群岛">小巽他群島</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Old_Flag_of_Bali.svg/23px-Old_Flag_of_Bali.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Old_Flag_of_Bali.svg/35px-Old_Flag_of_Bali.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Old_Flag_of_Bali.svg/45px-Old_Flag_of_Bali.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="180" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8E%98%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="巴厘王国">巴厘王国</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Bendera_Kesultanan_Bima.png/23px-Bendera_Kesultanan_Bima.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Bendera_Kesultanan_Bima.png/35px-Bendera_Kesultanan_Bima.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Bendera_Kesultanan_Bima.png/46px-Bendera_Kesultanan_Bima.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="714" /></span></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="比馬蘇丹國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bima Sultanate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%94%E9%A6%AC%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="比馬蘇丹國（页面不存在）">比馬蘇丹國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bima_Sultanate" class="extiw" title="en:Bima Sultanate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bima Sultanate</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="拉蘭圖卡王國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kingdom of Larantuka"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E8%98%AD%E5%9C%96%E5%8D%A1%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉蘭圖卡王國（页面不存在）">拉蘭圖卡王國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Larantuka" class="extiw" title="en:Kingdom of Larantuka"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kingdom of Larantuka</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solor_Watan_Lema_Confederation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solor Watan Lema Confederation（页面不存在）">Solor Watan Lema</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%B8%9D%E6%B1%B6" title="西帝汶">西帝汶</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amabi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amabi（页面不存在）">Amabi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amanatun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amanatun（页面不存在）">Amanatun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amanuban&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amanuban（页面不存在）">Amanuban</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amarasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amarasi（页面不存在）">Amarasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonbai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sonbai（页面不存在）">Sonbai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wehali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wehali（页面不存在）">Wehali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E9%B9%BF%E5%8A%A0%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="摩鹿加群島">摩鹿加群島</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Iha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kingdom of Iha（页面不存在）">Iha</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_South_Moluccas.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Moluccas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_South_Moluccas.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Moluccas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_South_Moluccas.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Moluccas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%A9%AC%E9%B2%81%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="南马鲁古共和国">南马鲁古共和国</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Bendera_Ternate_-_Almulk_Buldan_Ternate.svg/23px-Bendera_Ternate_-_Almulk_Buldan_Ternate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Bendera_Ternate_-_Almulk_Buldan_Ternate.svg/35px-Bendera_Ternate_-_Almulk_Buldan_Ternate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Bendera_Ternate_-_Almulk_Buldan_Ternate.svg/45px-Bendera_Ternate_-_Almulk_Buldan_Ternate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="640" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3%E7%89%B9%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="特尔纳特苏丹国">特尔纳特苏丹国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%82%E5%A4%9A%E9%9B%B7%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B" title="蒂多雷蘇丹國">蒂多雷蘇丹國</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="賈伊洛洛蘇丹國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sultanate of Jailolo"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B3%88%E4%BC%8A%E6%B4%9B%E6%B4%9B%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="賈伊洛洛蘇丹國（页面不存在）">賈伊洛洛蘇丹國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_Jailolo" class="extiw" title="en:Sultanate of Jailolo"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sultanate of Jailolo</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴占蘇丹國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sultanate of Bacan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E5%8D%A0%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴占蘇丹國（页面不存在）">巴占蘇丹國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_Bacan" class="extiw" title="en:Sultanate of Bacan"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sultanate of Bacan</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%B9%BE%E5%85%A7%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="新幾內亞">新幾內亞</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Kerajaan_Kaimana_Papua.gif/23px-Kerajaan_Kaimana_Papua.gif" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Kerajaan_Kaimana_Papua.gif/35px-Kerajaan_Kaimana_Papua.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Kerajaan_Kaimana_Papua.gif/45px-Kerajaan_Kaimana_Papua.gif 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="216" /></span></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="凱馬納王國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kingdom of Kaimana"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%B1%E9%A6%AC%E7%B4%8D%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="凱馬納王國（页面不存在）">凱馬納王國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kaimana" class="extiw" title="en:Kingdom of Kaimana"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kingdom of Kaimana</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=马六甲苏丹国&oldid=84874966">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=马六甲苏丹国&oldid=84874966</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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