CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Timeline of Phoenix, Arizona - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"abd97d54-1abe-4777-8517-cb0c6a08bdc1","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona","wgTitle":"Timeline of Phoenix, Arizona","wgCurRevisionId":1263659450,"wgRevisionId":1263659450,"wgArticleId":38917555,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 maint: location missing publisher","CS1: unfit URL","Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Articles with short description","Short description with empty Wikidata description","Dynamic lists","Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference","Commons category link is locally defined","Coordinates on Wikidata","Years in Arizona","History of Phoenix, Arizona", "Timelines of cities in the United States","Arizona history-related lists"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona","wgRelevantArticleId":38917555,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":80000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":33.45,"lon":-112.066667},"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false, "wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q12071098","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media" ,"ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.14"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Timeline of Phoenix, Arizona - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Timeline_of_Phoenix_Arizona rootpage-Timeline_of_Phoenix_Arizona skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Timeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Timeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Timeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Timeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Prior_to_19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prior_to_19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Prior to 19th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prior_to_19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 19th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 20th century </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle 20th century subsection </button> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1900s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1900s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 1900s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1900s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1910s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1910s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 1910s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1910s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1920s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1920s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 1920s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1920s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1930s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1930s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 1930s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1930s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1940s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1940s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 1940s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1940s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1950s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1950s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 1950s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1950s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1960s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1960s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 1960s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1960s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1970s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1970s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8 1970s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1980s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1980s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.9 1980s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1980s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1990s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.10 1990s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1990s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 21st century </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle 21st century subsection </button> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2000s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 2000s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2010s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 2010s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Timeline of Phoenix, Arizona</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="This article exist only in this language. Add the article for other languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" > Add languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12071098#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Add interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Add links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&oldid=1263659450" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Timeline_of_Phoenix%2C_Arizona&id=1263659450&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTimeline_of_Phoenix%2C_Arizona">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTimeline_of_Phoenix%2C_Arizona">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Timeline_of_Phoenix%2C_Arizona&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:History_of_Phoenix,_Arizona" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12071098" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&params=33.45_N_112.066667_W_type:city_region:US">33°27′00″N 112°04′00″W / 33.45°N 112.066667°W / 33.45; -112.066667</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> The following is a <a href="/wiki/Category:Timelines_of_cities_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Timelines of cities in the United States">timeline</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona#History" title="Phoenix, Arizona">history</a> of the city of <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>, United States. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Dynamic_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">dynamic list</a> and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Special:EditPage/Timeline of Phoenix, Arizona">adding missing items</a> with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1044870489">@media all and (max-width:720px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .tocright{display:none}.mw-parser-output .tocright{width:100%!important}}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tocright{float:right;clear:right;width:auto;margin:0 0 0.5em 1em}.mw-parser-output .tocright-clear-left{clear:left}.mw-parser-output .tocright-clear-both{clear:both}.mw-parser-output .tocright-clear-none{clear:none}}</style><div class="tocright"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prior_to_19th_century">Prior to 19th century</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Prior to 19th century">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks vcard plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Arizona" title="Category:History of Arizona">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/History_of_Arizona" title="History of Arizona">History of Arizona</a></th> </tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom: 0.4em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;"><a href="/wiki/File:State_Seal_of_Arizona.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/State_Seal_of_Arizona.svg/80px-State_Seal_of_Arizona.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/State_Seal_of_Arizona.svg/120px-State_Seal_of_Arizona.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/State_Seal_of_Arizona.svg/160px-State_Seal_of_Arizona.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="708" data-file-height="712" /></a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Periods</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Arizona#Post-Archaic_period" title="History of Arizona">Pre-Columbian</a> before 1539</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Territory" title="Arizona Territory">Territorial</a> 1853-1912</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Arizona#Statehood" title="History of Arizona">Statehood</a> 1912-1944</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Arizona#After_1945" title="History of Arizona">1945–present</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Arizona_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Arizona history">Timeline</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Topics</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Economic_history_of_Arizona" title="Category:Economic history of Arizona">Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Legal_history_of_Arizona" title="Category:Legal history of Arizona">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_history_of_Arizona" title="Category:Political history of Arizona">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Social_history_of_Arizona" title="Category:Social history of Arizona">Society</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Arizona_by_location" title="Category:History of Arizona by location">Places</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Histories_of_cities_in_Arizona" title="Category:Histories of cities in Arizona">Cities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Flagstaff,_Arizona" title="History of Flagstaff, Arizona">Flagstaff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Mesa,_Arizona" title="Timeline of Mesa, Arizona">Mesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Phoenix,_Arizona" title="History of Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Tucson,_Arizona" title="History of Tucson, Arizona">Tucson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Histories_of_counties_in_Arizona" title="Category:Histories of counties in Arizona">Counties</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid;"> <img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arizona.svg/16px-Flag_of_Arizona.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arizona.svg/24px-Flag_of_Arizona.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arizona.svg/32px-Flag_of_Arizona.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Arizona" title="Portal:Arizona">Arizona portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_Arizona_sidebar" title="Template:History of Arizona sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_Arizona_sidebar" title="Template talk:History of Arizona sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_Arizona_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of Arizona sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>1–300 – Hohokam establish several villages along the Gila River.</li> <li>300 – Ceramics appear in the Hohokam culture.<a href="#cite_note-AZMNH-1">[1]</a></li> <li>450 – <a href="/wiki/Pueblo_Grande_Museum_Archaeological_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Pueblo Grande Museum Archaeological Park">Pueblo Grande</a> settled (approximate date).</li> <li>600–1300 – Hohokam build large network or irrigation canals throughout the area.</li> <li>1300 – Hohokam have largest population in the southwest.<a href="#cite_note-AZMNH-1">[1]</a></li> <li>1300–1450 – Periods of drought alternate with flooding (approximate date).</li> <li>1450 – Pueblo Grande abandoned due to drought (approximate date).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="19th_century">19th century</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 19th century">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1888_Orozco_ad_Phoenix_Arizona.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/1888_Orozco_ad_Phoenix_Arizona.png/220px-1888_Orozco_ad_Phoenix_Arizona.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/1888_Orozco_ad_Phoenix_Arizona.png/330px-1888_Orozco_ad_Phoenix_Arizona.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/1888_Orozco_ad_Phoenix_Arizona.png/440px-1888_Orozco_ad_Phoenix_Arizona.png 2x" data-file-width="548" data-file-height="471" /></a><figcaption>Advertisement for Orozco & Vasquez, Phoenix, 1888<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>1848 – With the end of the <a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a>, the area which includes today's Phoenix becomes part of the United States, as part of the <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_Territory" title="New Mexico Territory">New Mexico Territory</a>.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></li> <li>1863 – Nearby <a href="/wiki/Wickenburg,_Arizona" title="Wickenburg, Arizona">Wickenburg</a> becomes the first town to be established in what is now <a href="/wiki/Maricopa_County,_Arizona" title="Maricopa County, Arizona">Maricopa County, Arizona</a>.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></li> <li>1865 – Camp McDowell (later <a href="/wiki/Fort_McDowell,_Arizona" title="Fort McDowell, Arizona">Fort McDowell</a>) is set up on the <a href="/wiki/Verde_River" title="Verde River">Verde River</a>.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></li> <li>1867 <ul><li>November: <a href="/wiki/Jack_Swilling" title="Jack Swilling">Jack Swilling</a>, resident of Wickenburg, establishes the Swilling Irrigating and Canal Company with the intent to develop the Phoenix area, which he became impressed with after viewing the area on a visit to Camp McDowell.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrady20121,_5-6">[6]</a></li> <li>December: Swilling leads a group of 17 miners from Wickenburg to the Phoenix area and begins the process of developing a canal system.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201015-7">[7]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1868 <ul><li>May 4: Phoenix is officially recognized by the Board of Supervisors of Yavapai County, which at that point contained Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-Phxgov-8">[8]</a></li> <li>June 15: First post office established, in the Swilling homestead, with Swilling as postmaster.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGober200617-9">[9]</a></li> <li>Swilling has completed almost 3 miles of his canals.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Mary Adeline Gray, the first European woman settler, and her husband Columbus, arrive.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Salt River floods for the first of many times during Phoenix's settlement.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1870 <ul><li>October 20: Town site selected in what is currently downtown Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-Phxgov-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrady201261–65-11">[11]</a></li> <li>Town laid out,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDisturnell1881-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-13">[13]</a> original town site consists of 320 acres, or 0.5 square miles.<a href="#cite_note-Phxgov-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201028-14">[14]</a></li> <li>Population of the Salt River Valley reaches 240, the Arizona Territory has 9,658 people.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>1700 acres under cultivation in the Salt River Valley.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Maricopa Canal completed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1871 <ul><li>February 12: Maricopa County is broken out of Yavapai County, Phoenix becomes the county seat.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-Natural-15">[15]</a></li> <li>July 4: First wheat ground in Valley at Birchard's Mill.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>First permanent building, the Hancock residence, is constructed at Washington and First Streets.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>The second building, a brewery, is constructed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>The first store (Hancock's) and the first church (Central Methodist) open in Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-Phxgov-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>The Tempe Irrigating Canal Co. is created.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempe,_Arizona" title="Tempe, Arizona">Tempe</a> founded by <a href="/wiki/Charles_T._Hayden" title="Charles T. Hayden">Charles T. Hayden</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Population of Phoenix reaches 500.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1872 <ul><li>Adobe schoolhouse constructed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>September 5: Public school in session.<a href="#cite_note-Phxgov-8">[8]</a></li> <li>Phoenix's first wedding, between George Buck and Matilda Murray.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Phoenix's first Chinese settlers arrive.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>The first bookstore and newsstand opened by Edward Irvine.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>1873 – Hellings Mill expands to include a hog-slaughterhouse.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1874 <ul><li>School built on <a href="/wiki/Central_Avenue_Corridor" title="Central Avenue Corridor">Center Street</a>.</li> <li>Hayden's mill opens. It will remain in operation for more than 100 years.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Phoenix's formal patent for the town site is formally granted.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Salt River floods.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1875 – Salt River floods.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>1877 – Maricopa Library Association organized.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDisturnell1881-12">[12]</a></li> <li>1878 <ul><li>Salt River Herald, the valley's first newspaper, begins publication.<a href="#cite_note-LOC-16">[16]</a></li> <li>The first bank, a branch of the Bank of Arizona, opens.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201020-17">[17]</a></li> <li>Population reaches 1500.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Brick factory opens.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Grand Canal completed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesa,_Arizona" title="Mesa, Arizona">Mesa</a> is founded.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1879 <ul><li>Presbyterian church established.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDisturnell1881-12">[12]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt_River_Pima%E2%80%93Maricopa_Indian_Community" title="Salt River Pima–Maricopa Indian Community">Salt River Indian Reservation</a> is formed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>The Southern Pacific railroad reaches Maricopa.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1880 <ul><li>Arizona Gazette newspaper begins publication.<a href="#cite_note-LOC-16">[16]</a></li> <li>Methodist church established.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDisturnell1881-12">[12]</a></li> <li>Population: 1,800.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDisturnell1881-12">[12]</a></li> <li>First legal hanging in Maricopa County.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1881 <ul><li>February 25: Phoenix officially incorporated when Governor John C. Frémont signs "The Phoenix Charter Bill", instituting a <a href="/wiki/Mayor-council_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor-council government">mayor-council form of government</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Phxgov-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-13">[13]</a></li> <li>La Guardia, the valley's first Spanish language newspaper, begins publication.<a href="#cite_note-AZPeople-18">[18]</a></li> <li>May 3: <a href="/wiki/John_T._Alsap" title="John T. Alsap">John T. Alsap</a> defeated <a href="/wiki/James_D._Monihon" title="James D. Monihon">James D. Monihon</a>, 127 to 107, to become the city's first mayor.<a href="#cite_note-Phxgov-8">[8]</a></li> <li>May 9: <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_City_Council" title="Phoenix City Council">City Council</a> begins meeting.<a href="#cite_note-GovHistory-19">[19]</a></li> <li>June 24: Catholic church dedicated.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDisturnell1881-12">[12]</a></li> <li>Phoenix Rangers organized in response to hostile Apache activity in Tonto Basin.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1883 <ul><li>Cotton cultivation is brought to the valley.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Two smallpox outbreaks. City creates the position of Health Officer.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Mesa City incorporates.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Phoenix1885-AerialMap_HiRes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Phoenix1885-AerialMap_HiRes.jpg/350px-Phoenix1885-AerialMap_HiRes.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Phoenix1885-AerialMap_HiRes.jpg/525px-Phoenix1885-AerialMap_HiRes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Phoenix1885-AerialMap_HiRes.jpg/700px-Phoenix1885-AerialMap_HiRes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9904" data-file-height="6608" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">An aerial lithograph of Phoenix from 1885</div></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>1884 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_Fair" title="Arizona State Fair">Arizona Industrial Exposition</a> begins.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></li> <li>Valley Bank founded by William Christy.<a href="#cite_note-AZPeople-18">[18]</a></li> <li>The Women's Christian Temperance Union opens a Phoenix branch.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Phoenix Light & Fuel (electricity and heat) is established<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1885 <ul><li>Arizona Canal completed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Phoenix broken up into four wards, although city officials remain citywide offices.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Destructive fire destroys major portions of the town.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Arizona Insane Asylum is awarded to Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1886 <ul><li>A second major fire destroys several buildings and results in approximately $100,000 in damage.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Fire_Department" title="Phoenix Fire Department">Phoenix Fire Department</a> established, when bond issue passes establishing 2 fire companies.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>First private gas lighting company established.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201028-14">[14]</a></li> <li>First telephone company opens.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201020-17">[17]</a></li> <li>Phoenix Opera House is completed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Arizona Insane asylum's construction is completed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1887 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maricopa,_Arizona" title="Maricopa, Arizona">Maricopa</a>-Phoenix railway and horse-drawn <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Street_Railway" title="Phoenix Street Railway">Street Railway</a> begin operating.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></li> <li>Public water system created.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201020-17">[17]</a></li> <li>Public Health Department is established.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Mule-drawn streetcar system established.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201020-17">[17]</a></li> <li>Salt River Valley News begins weekly publication.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1888 <ul><li>Electric power company created.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201020-17">[17]</a></li> <li>New city hall opens.<a href="#cite_note-Phxgov-8">[8]</a></li> <li>November 4 – Phoenix Chamber of Commerce established.<a href="#cite_note-Citydata-24">[24]</a></li> <li>Peoria is founded.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1889 <ul><li>Capital of <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Territory" title="Arizona Territory">Arizona Territory</a> relocated to Phoenix from <a href="/wiki/Prescott,_Arizona" title="Prescott, Arizona">Prescott</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-13">[13]</a></li> <li>Citrus cultivation is begun in the valley by the Arizona Improvement Company.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1890 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Arizona_Republic" title="The Arizona Republic">Arizona Republican</a> newspaper begins publication.<a href="#cite_note-LOC-16">[16]</a></li> <li>Population: 3,152.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-13">[13]</a></li> <li>Walnut Grove dam bursts north of the city, 50 people killed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Ladies Benevolent Society formed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1891 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Indian_School" title="Phoenix Indian School">Phoenix Indian School</a> opens.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_flood_of_1891" title="Phoenix flood of 1891">Largest flood in valley history</a> occurs.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201028-14">[14]</a></li> <li>Telephones come to Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>A territorial convention is held in Phoenix. The idea of becoming a state is discussed, but is voted down.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1892 <ul><li>The Phoenix Sewer and Drainage Department is created.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201028-14">[14]</a></li> <li>The Phoenix Indian School holds its first classes.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1893 <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Street_Railway" title="Phoenix Street Railway">Phoenix Street Railway</a> switches over from mule-drawn to electrical streetcars.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201028-14">[14]</a></li> <li>The Arizona Territory passes a law allowing cities, including Phoenix, to annex land surrounding the city, as long as it obtained the permission of the inhabitants of that area.</li></ul></li> <li>1894 <ul><li>Orangedale (later called Scottsdale) is founded by Winfield Scott.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>The city passes an ordinance limiting prostitution to a single block area.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>The city's speed limit is raised to 6 mph.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Tempe incorporates.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1895 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe,_Prescott_and_Phoenix_Railway" title="Santa Fe, Prescott and Phoenix Railway">Santa Fe, Prescott and Phoenix Railway</a> begins operating.<a href="#cite_note-Natural-15">[15]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Gazette" title="Phoenix Gazette">Arizona Gazette</a> newspaper begins publication.<a href="#cite_note-LOC-16">[16]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Union_High_School" title="Phoenix Union High School">Phoenix Union High School</a> opens, and the Phoenix Union High School district is created.<a href="#cite_note-Phxgov-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosson_House" title="Rosson House">Rosson House</a> built in downtown Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></li> <li>Sisters of Mercy Hospital (today called <a href="/wiki/St._Joseph%27s_Hospital_and_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center">St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center</a>) opens.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>The New York Store is opened by Sam Korrick;<a href="#cite_note-AZPeople-18">[18]</a> Nathan and Isaac Diamond open the Boston Store; and Baron Goldwater opens a branch of his Flagstaff store, M. Goldwater and Brothers.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1896 <ul><li>The Adams Hotel opens.<a href="#cite_note-AZPeople-18">[18]</a></li> <li>Date Palms are introduced into the valley.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1897 <ul><li>The Friday Club begins a movement to open a public library.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1898 <ul><li>El Demócrata newspaper begins publication.<a href="#cite_note-LOC-16">[16]</a></li> <li>The block of the red-light district is now illegal.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Doris Opera House Opens.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>First public library opens.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1899 – Phoenix Library Association created.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>1900 <ul><li>Dorris Theatre opens (approximate date).<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></li> <li>City accesses unincorporated lands, area increases from .5 acre to over 2 acres.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>In spite of efforts by the Women's Temperance Union, Phoenix has 28 saloons and 18 casinos.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>First automobiles arrive in the city.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Population: 5,544.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-13">[13]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="20th_century">20th century</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 20th century">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1900s">1900s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1900s">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1901 <ul><li>February 25: The State Capitol building is dedicated, built at a cost of $130,000.<a href="#cite_note-Growing-27">[27]</a></li> <li>Drought hits the city.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>The Phoenix Women's Club is founded.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1903 <ul><li>February 7: <a href="/wiki/Salt_River_Project" title="Salt River Project">Salt River Project</a> founded (as the Salt River Valley Water Users' Association).<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-AZ100-29">[29]</a></li> <li>Voters approve a bond to create a municipal waterworks.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1905 <ul><li>The largest agricultural crop is alfalfa.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Flooding once again causes issues in the city.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1906 <ul><li>Construction begins on the <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Dam" title="Theodore Roosevelt Dam">Theodore Roosevelt Dam</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Hello-30">[30]</a></li> <li>Gambling is outlawed in the city.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1907 <ul><li>St. Luke's Home, a tuberculosis treatment center, opens.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>The YMCA raises $100,000 to construct a building in town.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1908 <ul><li>Salt River again floods.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Granite Reef dam completed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Carnegie Library is completed and open to the public.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1909 – The Central Avenue bridge over the Salt River is approved.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1910s">1910s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1910s">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1910 <ul><li>Speed limit is increased to 12 mph in city limits; city has 329 licensed cars.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>City schools establish an official segregation policy.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>The Adams Hotel is destroyed by fire, but is rebuilt.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Guidelines concerning surface water rights are established by the Kent decree.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Population reaches 11,134.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-13">[13]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1911 <ul><li>May 18: Roosevelt Dam dedicated by <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a>, it is the first multi-purpose (electricity and water) dam built under the <a href="/wiki/Newlands_Reclamation_Act" title="Newlands Reclamation Act">National Reclamation Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Hello-30">[30]</a></li> <li>Center Street Bridge opens.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1912 <ul><li>February 14: Arizona becomes the 48th state of the United States; Phoenix becomes the state capital.<a href="#cite_note-Hello-30">[30]</a></li> <li>Women are granted the right to vote.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Chandler is founded by Alexander Chandler.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1913 <ul><li>City adopts <a href="/wiki/Council-Manager_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Council-Manager government">council-manager</a> form of government (previously <a href="/wiki/Mayor-Council_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor-Council government">mayor-council</a>), becoming one of the first cities in the country to adopt this form of government.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a></li> <li>35% of the votes cast were by women.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>City has 646 registered automobiles.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>Ash Avenue Bridge is completed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1914 <ul><li>Arizona votes to ban alcohol.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">[10]</a></li> <li>William Fairish becomes the city's first manager.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1915 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_Basilica,_Phoenix" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Mary's Basilica, Phoenix">St. Mary's Basilica</a> dedicated.</li> <li>The city's first sewer treatment plant is completed.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1917 <ul><li>Arizona adopts its state flag.<a href="#cite_note-Growing-27">[27]</a></li> <li>Litchfield is founded when the Goodyear Tire Company purchases a tract of land.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Salt River Valley Water Users Association gains control of the Salt River Project.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Migrant workers from Mexico are brought in to pick cotton.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1918 <ul><li>Alfalfa falls to the number two agricultural product, behind cotton.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>The Rialto Theatre opens.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Spanish flu infects a significant portion of the population.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1919 – In anticipation of the upcoming U.S. Census, the city votes to extend the city limits.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1920s">1920s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1920s">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1920 <ul><li>Congregation Beth Israel formed.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Heard_Building" title="Heard Building">Heard Building</a>, the first skyscraper in Phoenix, is constructed.<a href="#cite_note-Phxgov-8">[8]</a></li> <li>Phoenix Union High School has 2000 students.<a href="#cite_note-Growing-27">[27]</a></li> <li>The entirety of the original Phoenix town site is now completely paved.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>A precipitous drop in the price of cotton, from $1.35 to $0.35 a pound, creates a financial crisis in the valley.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Phoenix has over 11,000 registered vehicles.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Chandler is incorporated.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Population reaches 29,053.<a href="#cite_note-Phxgov-8">[8]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1921 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Israel_(Phoenix)" class="mw-redirect" title="Temple Beth Israel (Phoenix)">Temple Beth Israel</a>, the valley's first synagogue, opens.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a></li> <li>"Rich, Resolute, Ready, Phoenix, Salt River Valley" becomes the official tourism slogan of Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1922 <ul><li>Valley and Gila River Banks merge.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Water from the Verde River becomes available through a 30-mile-long (48 km) wooden pipeline.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>KFAD becomes the city's first radio station (later renamed <a href="/wiki/KTAR_(AM)" title="KTAR (AM)">KTAR</a>; it was followed shortly by KFCB, which today is called <a href="/wiki/KOY" title="KOY">KOY</a>).<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1923 <ul><li>Cave Creek Dam is completed.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Salt River Project absorbs the Tempe Irrigating Canal Company.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Station_(Phoenix,_Arizona)" title="Union Station (Phoenix, Arizona)">Union Station</a> built.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>Deaconess Hospital (today known as <a href="/wiki/Banner_-_University_Medical_Center_Phoenix" title="Banner - University Medical Center Phoenix">Banner Good Samaritan Medical Center</a>) opens.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1924 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luhrs_Building" title="Luhrs Building">Luhrs Building</a> constructed.</li> <li>The depression caused by the drop in the cotton price in 1920 ends.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Phoenix Sanitarium opens.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Jokake Inn opens.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>South Mountain Park (originally named Phoenix Mountain Park) is created.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1925 <ul><li>12 subdivisions are annexed by Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Phoenix Fine Arts Association formed.<a href="#cite_note-FA-36">[36]</a></li> <li>The private electric streetcar system is purchased by the City of Phoenix for $20,000.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>Mormon Flat Dam completed.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Voters approve a separate high school for blacks.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>First municipal airport is opened, near Christy Road and 59th Avenue.<a href="#cite_note-Chandlerair-37">[37]</a></li> <li>City implements a zoning program.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1926 <ul><li>The Phoenix Main Line of the Southern Pacific Railroad is completed, intercontinental rail will begin being routed through Phoenix the following year.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>The first Annual Masque of the Yellow Moon is held.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>The segregated Phoenix Union Colored High School opens.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1927 <ul><li>Salt River Canal is diverted underground.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Phoenix voters approve a $750,000 bond issue to improve the street car system.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>Horse Mesa Dam is completed.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1928 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_San_Carlos_(Phoenix)" title="Hotel San Carlos (Phoenix)">Hotel San Carlos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Westward_Ho_(Phoenix)" class="mw-redirect" title="Westward Ho (Phoenix)">Westward Ho hotel</a> open.</li> <li>Phoenix completes 2 years of annexation, absorbing 74 subdivisions.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Construction of <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Sky_Harbor_International_Airport" title="Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport">Sky Harbor Airport</a> is begun.<a href="#cite_note-Skyharbor-38">[38]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Theatre_(Phoenix)" title="Phoenix Theatre (Phoenix)">Phoenix Little Theatre</a> is incorporated.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>The first paved road connecting Phoenix with Los Angeles (via <a href="/wiki/Blythe,_California" title="Blythe, California">Blythe</a>), is completed.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>City creates a zoning and planning commission.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1929 <ul><li>February 23: <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Biltmore_Hotel" title="Arizona Biltmore Hotel">Arizona Biltmore Hotel</a> opens.<a href="#cite_note-Growing-27">[27]</a></li> <li>February 23: Scheduled airline service from Los Angeles to Phoenix begins.<a href="#cite_note-Growing-27">[27]</a></li> <li>September 2: Sky Harbor Airport opens.<a href="#cite_note-Skyharbor-38">[38]</a></li> <li>City sells municipal airport.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heard_Museum" title="Heard Museum">Heard Museum</a> opens.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a></li> <li>The Tempe Normal School is renamed Arizona State Teachers College.<a href="#cite_note-TNS-40">[40]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheum_Theatre_(Phoenix,_Arizona)" title="Orpheum Theatre (Phoenix, Arizona)">Orpheum Theatre</a> and <a href="/wiki/First_Baptist_Church_(Phoenix,_Arizona)" title="First Baptist Church (Phoenix, Arizona)">First Baptist Church</a> built.</li> <li>City Archaeologist position established.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a></li> <li>Tourism revenue tops $10 million for first time.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Phoenix has over 53,000 registered cars.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1930s">1930s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1930s">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1930 <ul><li>March 4: <a href="/wiki/Coolidge_Dam" title="Coolidge Dam">Coolidge Dam</a> dedicated by <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Calvin Coolidge</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AZ100-29">[29]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Airlines" title="American Airlines">American Airlines</a> brings passenger and air postal service to Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-Skyharbor-38">[38]</a></li> <li>KTAR becomes an NBC affiliate.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Stuart Mountain Dam is completed.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>The high school installs lights in its athletic stadium.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Population reaches 48,118.</li></ul></li> <li>1931 <ul><li>Hunt's Tomb built in <a href="/wiki/Papago_Park" title="Papago Park">Papago Park</a>.</li> <li>Construction on <a href="/wiki/Tovrea_Castle" title="Tovrea Castle">Tovrea Castle</a> completed.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a></li> <li>Fox Movie Palace opens.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1932 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Mansion" title="Wrigley Mansion">Wrigley Mansion</a> completed.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a></li> <li>State of Arizona repeals state law banning alcohol.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>The inaugural <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Open" title="Phoenix Open">Phoenix Open</a> is held.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1933 <ul><li>Since the start of the Great Depression, 33% of banks and savings & loans in the valley have failed.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Over 300 bars have obtained liquor licenses since the repeal of the Arizona state law banning alcohol.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_Grande_Ruin_and_Irrigation_Sites" title="Pueblo Grande Ruin and Irrigation Sites">Pueblo Grande Museum Archaeological Park</a> opens.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1934 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Encanto_Park" title="Encanto Park">Encanto Park</a> opens in central Phoenix.</li> <li>The term, "Valley of the Sun" is invented by a local advertising agency.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1935 <ul><li>July 16: The city of Phoenix purchases Sky Harbor Airport, which has been run by the city ever since.<a href="#cite_note-Skyharbor-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sky4-44">[44]</a></li> <li>The Federal government becomes the largest employer in Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1936 – <a href="/wiki/U.S._Post_Office_(Phoenix,_Arizona)" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Post Office (Phoenix, Arizona)">Federal Building-U.S. Post Office</a> built.</li> <li>1937 <ul><li>Federal Art Center established, which will become the Phoenix Art Museum.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District is created.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1938 – Phoenix Thunderbirds are created by the Chamber of Commerce.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>1939 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Desert_Botanical_Garden" title="Desert Botanical Garden">Desert Botanical Garden</a> opens.</li> <li>Bartlett Dam completed.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>The city's second high school, North High School, opens.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1940s">1940s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1940s">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1940 <ul><li>Civic Center Association formed to raise funds for Phoenix Art Center. It was dissolved in 1955 when all fund raising and archival activities were taken over by the Fine Arts Association.<a href="#cite_note-FA-36">[36]</a></li> <li>Population reaches 65,414.</li></ul></li> <li>1941 <ul><li>January 2: Construction begins on <a href="/wiki/Thunderbird_Field_No._1" title="Thunderbird Field No. 1">Thunderbird Field</a> in nearby Glendale (later renamed Thunderbird Field No. 1), funded by a collaborative group of Hollywood personalities, including <a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fonda" title="Henry Fonda">Henry Fonda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cary_Grant" title="Cary Grant">Cary Grant</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Sullavan" title="Margaret Sullavan">Margaret Sullavan</a>. The field opens in April.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_Air_Force_Base" title="Luke Air Force Base">Luke Air Force Base</a> opens, its first class graduating in June.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williams_Air_Force_Base" title="Williams Air Force Base">Williams Air Force Base</a> opens in December.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_Field_(Arizona)" title="Falcon Field (Arizona)">Falcon Field</a> opens in nearby Mesa as a training location for British RAF pilots.</li> <li>Urban renewal project creates 3 new housing developments: Marcos de Niza Project for Mexicans, Matthew Henson Project for Blacks, and Frank Luke Jr. Project for Whites.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1942 <ul><li>April 1: the <a href="/wiki/Desert_Training_Center" title="Desert Training Center">Desert Training Center</a>, formed by General <a href="/wiki/George_S._Patton" title="George S. Patton">George S. Patton</a>, is created. The base, located in the <a href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave Desert</a> in Southern California and the <a href="/wiki/Sonoran_Desert" title="Sonoran Desert">Sonoran Desert</a> in western Arizona, stretched to within 50 miles of Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-Phxgov-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a></li> <li>June 22: Thunderbird Field #2 opens in nearby Scottsdale. Later renamed <a href="/wiki/Scottsdale_Airport" title="Scottsdale Airport">Scottsdale Airport</a>.</li> <li>November 26: Black troops from segregated units riot in Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a></li> <li>Japanese-Americans from Phoenix are relocated to internment camps at <a href="/wiki/Sacaton,_Arizona" title="Sacaton, Arizona">Sacaton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Poston,_Arizona" title="Poston, Arizona">Poston</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Alzona Park is built by the Federal Government as worker housing.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1943 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Papago_Park" title="Camp Papago Park">Camp Papago Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">POW</a> camp) opens in June.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Goodyear_Airport" title="Phoenix Goodyear Airport">Litchfield Naval Air Facility</a> opens.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Bisbee_Douglas_International_Airport" title="Bisbee Douglas International Airport">new airport</a> at <a href="/wiki/Douglas,_Arizona" title="Douglas, Arizona">Douglas</a> is designated the first international airport in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-Chandlerair-37">[37]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1944 <ul><li>December 23: <a href="/wiki/Great_Papago_Escape" title="Great Papago Escape">Great Papago Escape</a> of German prisoners, the largest single escape by POW's in any camp in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a></li> <li>St. Monica's Hospital, the first integrated hospital in Phoenix, opens (today known as Phoenix Memorial Hospital).<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1945 <ul><li>Arizona State Teachers College becomes Arizona State College.<a href="#cite_note-TNS-40">[40]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_Castle" title="Mystery Castle">Mystery Castle</a> is built.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a></li> <li>Several large factories which were created for war production, begin to close down operations.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">[32]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1946 <ul><li>The Arizona State Constitution is amended; Arizona becomes a right-to-work state.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>Ray Bussey elected mayor.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1947 <ul><li>October: A fire destroys all but four of Phoenix's electric streetcars. The city begins the process of transitioning to a public bus transit system.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>The Phoenix Charter Revision Committee is formed. The political group, headed by <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Barry Goldwater</a>, would dominate city politics in the 1950s.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Symphony_Orchestra" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenix Symphony Orchestra">Phoenix Symphony Orchestra</a> is founded.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_New_York_Giants_(NL)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the New York Giants (NL)">New York Giants</a> start spring training in Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1948 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Motorola" title="Motorola">Motorola</a> opens a research and development center for military electronics.<a href="#cite_note-Growing-27">[27]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_News_of_Greater_Phoenix" title="Jewish News of Greater Phoenix">Phoenix Jewish News</a> begins publication.<a href="#cite_note-LOC-16">[16]</a></li> <li>City establishes its first sales tax.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KPHO-TV" title="KPHO-TV">KPHO-TV</a> becomes the city's first television station.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>Barry Goldwater elected to the city council.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1950s">1950s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1950s">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1950 – Population reaches 106,818, now 99th most populous city in the United States, and the largest in the Southwest.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>1950s – Widespread use of <a href="/wiki/Air_conditioning" title="Air conditioning">air conditioning</a> leads to a construction and population boom.<a href="#cite_note-Growing-27">[27]</a></li> <li>1952 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_%26_Gladys_Wright_House" class="mw-redirect" title="David & Gladys Wright House">Wright House</a> (residence) built.</li> <li>Republican Barry Goldwater elected United States Senator, defeating the Senate Majority Leader <a href="/wiki/Ernest_McFarland" title="Ernest McFarland">Ernest McFarland</a>; Republican <a href="/wiki/John_Howard_Pyle" class="mw-redirect" title="John Howard Pyle">John Howard Pyle</a> elected governor</li> <li>Arizona Public Service formed by the merger of Central Arizona Light and Power and Northern Arizona Light and Power<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>Racial segregation is banned at Sky Harbor Airport.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>Adam Diaz becomes the first Hispanic on the city council.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1953 <ul><li>State courts declare school segregation illegal. Phoenix begins school desegregation.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>KYTL-TV begins operations as an NBC affiliate. Currently <a href="/wiki/KPNX-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="KPNX-TV">KPNX-TV</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>Channel 10 begins broadcasting, currently <a href="/wiki/KSAZ-TV" title="KSAZ-TV">KSAZ-TV</a>, the Fox affiliate.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1954 – City finishes the desegregation of Public schools.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>1955 <ul><li>Terminal 1 opens at Sky Harbor Airport, built at a cost of $835,000, it represented the most modern and efficient passenger terminals of its time. It was demolished in 1991.<a href="#cite_note-Sky4-44">[44]</a></li> <li>Metropolitan Bus Lines is purchased by L.A. Tanner and renamed Valley Transit Line. Tanner was unsuccessful in his attempts to also purchase the city-run municipal bus system.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>Phoenix battles Scottsdale over annexation of unincorporated areas. This battle would last until an agreement was reached regarding "spheres of annexation influence" in 1964.<a href="#cite_note-Border-52">[52]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KTVK-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="KTVK-TV">KTVK-TV</a> opens operations as an ABC affiliate.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>Agriculture falls to second behind manufacturing in the city's economy.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>The city bans segregation in public housing.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1957—More annexations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Park_Central_Mall" title="Park Central Mall">Park Central Shopping City</a> in business.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Towers" title="Phoenix Towers">Phoenix Towers</a> built.</li></ul></li> <li>1958 <ul><li>Phoenix doubles in size through annexation</li> <li>Numerous shopping centers opened</li> <li>Smog becomes more troublesome</li> <li>Arizona State College becomes <a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University" title="Arizona State University">Arizona State University</a>.<a href="#cite_note-TNS-40">[40]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1959 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Art_Museum" title="Phoenix Art Museum">Phoenix Art Museum</a> opens.<a href="#cite_note-FA-36">[36]</a></li> <li>L.A. Tanner is successful in purchasing the city-owned municipal bus system, merging it into his Valley Transit Line. All bus service in the valley is now unified.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>Sunnyslope annexed by Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>Deer Valley airport opens.<a href="#cite_note-Chandlerair-37">[37]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1960s">1960s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1960s">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1960 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Corporate_Center" title="Phoenix Corporate Center">Phoenix Corporate Center</a> built.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Avery_Shooting_Facility" title="Ben Avery Shooting Facility">Ben Avery Shooting Facility</a>, begun in 1957 and one of the largest publicly operated shooting ranges, opens.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a></li> <li>During the 1950s, Phoenix annexed 94.86 square miles of land.<a href="#cite_note-Border2-54">[54]</a></li> <li>Phoenix annexes Maryvale and South Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>Population reaches 439,170.</li> <li>Del Webb's Sun City opens.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1961 <ul><li>Deer Valley is annexed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris-Town_Mall" class="mw-redirect" title="Chris-Town Mall">Chris-Town Mall</a>, the first air-conditioned indoor mall in Phoenix, opens.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KAET-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="KAET-TV">KAET-TV</a> begins operations as a NET affiliate.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1962 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Zoo" title="Phoenix Zoo">Phoenix Zoo</a> opens.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_City_Square" title="Phoenix City Square">Phoenix City Square</a> built.</li> <li>City bus drivers participate in an unsuccessful 62-day strike, which precipitates the decline of public transit in Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>Terminal 2 opens at Sky Harbor Airport; passengers served passes the 1 million mark.<a href="#cite_note-Sky3-55">[55]</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aztownhall.org/">Arizona Town Hall</a> was established to facilitate semi-annual discussions about topics of major concern to Arizona's future.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1963 <ul><li>March 13: <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Police_Department" title="Phoenix Police Department">Phoenix Police</a> arrest <a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Miranda" title="Ernesto Miranda">Ernesto Miranda</a> without informing him of his rights. This leads to the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case <a href="/wiki/Miranda_v._Arizona" title="Miranda v. Arizona">Miranda v. Arizona</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>Municipal golf course built in <a href="/wiki/Papago_Park" title="Papago Park">Papago Park</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legend_City" title="Legend City">Legend City</a> amusement park in business.</li> <li>US Supreme Court upholds Arizona rights to Colorado River water.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1964 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Municipal_Stadium" title="Phoenix Municipal Stadium">Phoenix Municipal Stadium</a> opens.</li> <li>Barry Goldwater loses the election for President of the United States.</li></ul></li> <li>1965 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Veterans_Memorial_Coliseum" title="Arizona Veterans Memorial Coliseum">Arizona Veterans Memorial Coliseum</a> opens.</li> <li>East wing of the <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Art_Museum" title="Phoenix Art Museum">Phoenix Art Museum</a> opens, resulting in almost tripling the museum's space.<a href="#cite_note-FA-36">[36]</a></li> <li>Morrison Warren becomes first black on city council.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1966 <ul><li>August 9: City council unanimously approves the "Plan for the Phoenix Mountains", thereby creating the <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Mountain_Preserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenix Mountain Preserve">Phoenix Mountain Preserve</a>.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a></li> <li>Valley Transit Line is sold to American Transit Corporation (headquartered in St. Louis, Missouri), and the transit system is renamed Phoenix Transit System.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1967 – Regional <a href="/wiki/Maricopa_Association_of_Governments" title="Maricopa Association of Governments">Maricopa Association of Governments</a> and St. Mary's Food Bank<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> established.</li> <li>1968 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Suns" title="Phoenix Suns">Phoenix Suns</a> basketball team formed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Financial_Center" title="Phoenix Financial Center">Phoenix Financial Center</a> is completed.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a></li> <li>President <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> signs a bill approving the Central Arizona Project, to bring water from the Colorado River to central Arizona.<a href="#cite_note-Growing-27">[27]</a></li> <li>Phoenix purchases Goodyear Airport as a general aviation supplement to Sky Harbor.<a href="#cite_note-Chandlerair-37">[37]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1969 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Phoenix" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Phoenix">Roman Catholic Diocese of Phoenix</a> established.</li> <li>Santa Fe Railway ceases passenger trains to Phoenix in April.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>City taxes cigarettes and liquor to cover budget shortfall.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1970s">1970s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 1970s">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1970 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_New_Times" title="Phoenix New Times">Phoenix New Times</a> newspaper begins publication.</li> <li>Phoenix Mountains Preservation Council founded in August, to purchase all of the 7000 acres in the Phoenix Mountains Preserve, and a total of 9700 acres.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a></li> <li>Remnants of <a href="/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Norma_(1970)" title="Tropical Storm Norma (1970)">Tropical Storm Norma</a> slam into city, causing flooding and resulting in 23 deaths.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>During the 1960s, Phoenix annexed 134.55 square miles of land, now totaling 245.5 square miles.<a href="#cite_note-Border2-54">[54]</a></li> <li>Population reaches 581,562,<a href="#cite_note-census1998-63">[63]</a> city becomes the nation's 20th most populous.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1971 <ul><li>May 1: <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a> takes over intercity rail routes.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>First National Bank Plaza, currently known as the <a href="/wiki/Wells_Fargo_Plaza_(Phoenix)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wells Fargo Plaza (Phoenix)">Wells Fargo Plaza</a>, is built.</li> <li>The third building, 3838 N. Central Avenue, is built, completing <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_City_Square" title="Phoenix City Square">Phoenix City Square</a>.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a></li> <li>The city purchases the Phoenix Transit System from American Transit, who agrees to continue to manage the operation.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>The city adopts the Central Phoenix Plan in an attempt to develop the Central Avenue corridor.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a></li> <li>The first <a href="/wiki/Fiesta_Bowl" title="Fiesta Bowl">Fiesta Bowl</a> is played.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1972 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Symphony_Hall" title="Phoenix Symphony Hall">Phoenix Symphony Hall</a> opens.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chase_Tower_(Phoenix)" title="Chase Tower (Phoenix)">Chase Tower</a> built.</li> <li>Salt River floods several times, killing 8.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1973 – Voters approve a $23.5 million bond issue, to fund the Phoenix Mountain Preserve.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>1975 <ul><li>Phoenix elects its first female mayor: Margaret Hance.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li> <li>Papago Freeway is passed by the voters.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1976 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Hance" title="Margaret Hance">Margaret Hance</a> becomes mayor.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Bank_Center_(Phoenix)" title="U.S. Bank Center (Phoenix)">U.S. Bank Center</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hyatt_Regency_Phoenix" title="Hyatt Regency Phoenix">Hyatt Regency</a> built.</li> <li>Construction begins on Terminal 3 at Sky Harbor Airport.<a href="#cite_note-Sky2-66">[66]</a></li> <li>Tourism moves ahead of agriculture into the number two largest economic sector.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">[50]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1978 <ul><li>March 9: <a href="/wiki/Wesley_Bolin_Memorial_Plaza" title="Wesley Bolin Memorial Plaza">Wesley Bolin Memorial Plaza</a> established.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a></li> <li>Phoenix Transit begins to offer "Dial-a-Ride" services in low-population density areas.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Street_Railway_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Arizona Street Railway Museum">Arizona Street Railway Museum</a> opens.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1979 <ul><li>Terminal 3 at Sky Harbor Airport opens.<a href="#cite_note-Sky2-66">[66]</a></li> <li>City adopts the Phoenix Concept 2000 plan, which split the city into urban villages.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1980s">1980s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 1980s">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1980 <ul><li>February: Salt River floods, washing away most of the bridges spanning it.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3300_North_Central_Avenue" title="3300 North Central Avenue">3300 Tower</a> built.</li></ul></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:3300_N_Central_Ave.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/3300_N_Central_Ave.jpg/220px-3300_N_Central_Ave.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/3300_N_Central_Ave.jpg/330px-3300_N_Central_Ave.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/3300_N_Central_Ave.jpg/440px-3300_N_Central_Ave.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1512" data-file-height="2016" /></a><figcaption>A view up the eastern façade of 3300 Tower, built in 1980</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><ul><li>During the 1970s, Phoenix annexed 75.53 square miles of land, now totaling 321.03 square miles.<a href="#cite_note-Border2-54">[54]</a></li> <li>Population reaches 789,704</li></ul></li> <li>1981 – President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> appoints <a href="/wiki/Sandra_Day_O%27Connor" title="Sandra Day O'Connor">Sandra Day O'Connor</a> to the U.S. Supreme Court.<a href="#cite_note-Growing-27">[27]</a></li> <li>1982 – Voters expand the city council from 6 citywide members to 8 members, each representing a distinct area.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li> <li>1983 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/America_West_Airlines" title="America West Airlines">America West Airlines</a> is formed by valley investors.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Goddard" title="Terry Goddard">Terry Goddard</a> elected mayor.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1984 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University_West_campus" title="Arizona State University West campus">Arizona State University West campus</a> established by the legislature.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Science_Center" title="Arizona Science Center">Arizona Science Center</a> opens.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Valley_Petroglyph_Preserve" title="Deer Valley Petroglyph Preserve">Deer Valley Petroglyph Preserve</a> opens.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a></li> <li>The Public Transportation Administration becomes an official department of Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1985 <ul><li>Valley Metro Regional Public Transportation Authority formed, after passage of Proposition 300, tasked to create a regional transit plan and system.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_American_Tower" title="Great American Tower">Great American Tower</a> built.</li> <li>First water from the Central Arizona Project reaches Maricopa County.<a href="#cite_note-Growing-27">[27]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1986 <ul><li>City <a href="/wiki/Urban_village" title="Urban village">urban village</a> divisions created: <a href="/wiki/Ahwatukee,_Phoenix,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahwatukee, Phoenix, Arizona">Ahwatukee Foothills</a>, Alhambra, <a href="/wiki/Camelback_East,_Phoenix,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Camelback East, Phoenix, Arizona">Camelback East</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_City,_Phoenix,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Central City, Phoenix, Arizona">Central City</a>, Deer Valley, Desert View, <a href="/wiki/Encanto,_Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Encanto, Phoenix, Arizona">Encanto</a>, Estrella, <a href="/wiki/Laveen,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Laveen, Arizona">Laveen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryvale_(Phoenix)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryvale (Phoenix)">Maryvale</a>, North Gateway, North Mountain, Paradise Valley, <a href="/wiki/Rio_Vista,_Phoenix,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Rio Vista, Phoenix, Arizona">Rio Vista</a>, and South Mountain.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_Square" title="Renaissance Square">Renaissance Square Tower 1</a> built.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballet_Arizona" title="Ballet Arizona">Ballet Arizona</a> headquartered in Phoenix.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_Verde_Nuclear_Generating_Station" title="Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station">Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station</a> opens, with two of three units on-line. It is the largest nuclear power plant (by net generation) in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1987 – The city receives visits from both <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Mother Teresa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a></li> <li>1988 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Cardinals" title="Arizona Cardinals">Cardinals</a> <a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">football</a> team relocates to Phoenix.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_Pioneers_of_America_Park" title="Telephone Pioneers of America Park">Telephone Pioneers of America Park</a>, the first barrier-free park in the United States, for disabled Americans, opens.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Telephone_Pioneers_of_America_Park.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Telephone_Pioneers_of_America_Park.jpg/220px-Telephone_Pioneers_of_America_Park.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Telephone_Pioneers_of_America_Park.jpg/330px-Telephone_Pioneers_of_America_Park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Telephone_Pioneers_of_America_Park.jpg/440px-Telephone_Pioneers_of_America_Park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Telephone Pioneers of America Park</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>1989 <ul><li>Sunnyslope Historical Society founded.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Center" title="Arizona Center">Arizona Center</a> built.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herberger_Theater_Center" title="Herberger Theater Center">Herberger Theater Center</a> (HTC) opens.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a></li> <li>Voters turn down a $10 billion referendum for a valley-wide rapid transit system, due to the cost and dissatisfaction with the elevated portions of the proposed system.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>Phoenix Grand Prix is run in Downtown Phoenix in June.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1990s">1990s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 1990s">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1990 <ul><li>The Barry Goldwater Terminal (terminal 4) opens at Sky harbor airport with 5 concourses and 44 gates.<a href="#cite_note-Sky-77">[77]</a></li> <li>November 10: The Desert Sky Pavilion (currently named the <a href="/wiki/Ak-Chin_Pavilion" class="mw-redirect" title="Ak-Chin Pavilion">Ak-Chin Pavilion</a>) opens. Billy Joel is its first act.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Stack" title="The Stack">The Stack</a> (road interchange) and <a href="/wiki/Papago_Freeway_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Papago Freeway Tunnel">Papago Freeway Tunnel</a> open, completing <a href="/wiki/Interstate_10" title="Interstate 10">Interstate 10</a>.</li> <li>During the 1980s, Phoenix annexed 99.33 square miles of land, now totaling 420.36 square miles.<a href="#cite_note-Border2-54">[54]</a></li> <li>Population reaches 983,403.<a href="#cite_note-census1998-63">[63]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1991 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMO_Tower_(Phoenix)" title="BMO Tower (Phoenix)">Viad Tower</a> built.</li> <li>Phoenix transit implements a Bus Card Plus Program, allowing participants reduced fares.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1992 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/America_West_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="America West Arena">America West Arena</a> opens.</li> <li>Bike racks become available on all almost all buses citywide.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Arpaio" title="Joe Arpaio">Joe Arpaio</a> elected Maricopa County Sheriff.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1993 <ul><li>September 30: Williams Air Force Base closes after 52 years of military service.</li> <li>RPTA adopts the name, Valley Metro, for the regional transit system. Phoenix and Mesa become the first two systems in the valley to agree to the name.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>City wins the Carl Bertelsmann Prize, for the best run city government in the world.<a href="#cite_note-Phxgov-8">[8]</a></li> <li>Arpaio creates <a href="/wiki/Tent_city#Maricopa_County_Jail_modification" title="Tent city">Tent City</a>, to help alleviate crowding.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li> <li>Salt River floods and destroys the new Mill Avenue Bridge.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li> <li>Steve Benson, a cartoonist for the Arizona Republic, wins the Pulitzer Prize.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1994 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Nelson" title="John B. Nelson">John B. Nelson</a> becomes mayor, succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Thelda_Williams" title="Thelda Williams">Thelda Williams</a> and <a href="/wiki/Skip_Rimsza" title="Skip Rimsza">Skip Rimsza</a>.</li> <li>The 20-story Phoenix City Hall opens.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix-Mesa_Gateway_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenix-Mesa Gateway Airport">Williams Gateway Airport</a> in operation.</li> <li>Low-floor buses are added to the Valley Metro fleet.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1995 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burton_Barr_Central_Library" title="Burton Barr Central Library">Burton Barr Central Library</a> opens.</li> <li>City website online.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a></li> <li>Valley Metro becomes the first municipal bus service in the country to accept credit cards.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1996 <ul><li>Amtrak discontinues service to Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>September 24: Construction begins on a new Central Station for Valley Metro, near Central and Van Buren Avenues.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Coyotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenix Coyotes">Phoenix Coyotes</a> begin play in the Western Conference as a relocation franchise previously known as The <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg_Jets" title="Winnipeg Jets">Winnipeg Jets</a>.</li></ul></li> <li>1997 <ul><li>Hayden Flour Mill, which in the late 1800s supplied most of the flour for the state of Arizona, closes after 123 years.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Lights" title="Phoenix Lights">Phoenix Lights</a>, alleged UFO sighting, seen over the city.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1998 <ul><li>Sixth concourse added to the Barry Goldwater Terminal at Sky Harbor airport.<a href="#cite_note-Sky-77">[77]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Diamondbacks" title="Arizona Diamondbacks">Arizona Diamondbacks</a> begin play in the National League as an expansion team.</li> <li>Bank One Ballpark, currently called <a href="/wiki/Chase_Field" title="Chase Field">Chase Field</a>, opens.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthem,_Arizona" title="Anthem, Arizona">Anthem, Arizona</a>, just north of the city, is begun.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1999 – <a href="/wiki/Tempe_Town_Lake" title="Tempe Town Lake">Tempe Town Lake</a> is completed.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li> <li>2000 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_America_Tower_(Phoenix)" title="Bank of America Tower (Phoenix)">Bank of America Tower</a> built.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ro_Ho_En" class="mw-redirect" title="Ro Ho En">Ro Ho En</a>, the Japanese friendship garden between Phoenix and its sister-city, <a href="/wiki/Himeji,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" class="mw-redirect" title="Himeji, Hyōgo">Himeji City</a>, Japan, opens.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Day_O%27Connor_United_States_Courthouse" title="Sandra Day O'Connor United States Courthouse">Sandra Day O'Connor United States Courthouse</a> opens.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li> <li>During the 1990s, Phoenix annexed 54.79 square miles of land, now totaling 475.15 square miles.<a href="#cite_note-Border2-54">[54]</a></li> <li>Population: 1,321,045.<a href="#cite_note-statab2003-83">[83]</a></li> <li>"Transit 2000" proposition passes, approving construction of 24 miles of light rail with Phoenix city limits, named <a href="/wiki/Valley_Metro_Rail" title="Valley Metro Rail">Valley Metro Rail</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>Tempe city council passes motion approving an additional 5 miles of light rail to be constructed and linked to the Valley Metro Rail system.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="21st_century">21st century</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 21st century">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000s">2000s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 2000s">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>2001 <ul><li>Glendale voters approve a sales tax increase to fund transportation improvements, including 5 miles of light rail to connect with the Metro Light Rail.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>Arizona Diamondbacks defeat the New York Yankees in the World Series.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li></ul></li> <li>2002 – <a href="/wiki/Comerica_Theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Comerica Theatre">Comerica Theatre</a> opens.</li> <li>2003 <ul><li>Construction begins on Metro Light Rail.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Roller_Derby" title="Arizona Roller Derby">Arizona Roller Derby</a> headquartered in city.</li> <li>Jobing.com Arena, currently known as the <a href="/wiki/Gila_River_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Gila River Arena">Gila River Arena</a>, opens.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li></ul></li> <li>2004 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Gordon_(politician)" title="Phil Gordon (politician)">Phil Gordon</a> becomes mayor.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a></li> <li>Maricopa County voters approve a 20-year continuation of the 1985 sales tax to fund transportation needs. The plan includes almost $25 billion in funding for: freeways, bus transit expansion, light rail, city streets, and bike and pedestrian paths.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Translational_Genomics_Research_Institute" title="Translational Genomics Research Institute">Translational Genomics Research Institute</a> opens in downtown Phoenix.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini_Stack" title="Mini Stack">Mini Stack</a> (road interchange) built.</li></ul></li> <li>2005 <ul><li>The seventh concourse is added to the Barry Goldwater Terminal at Sky Harbor airport, bringing the total number of gates in the terminal to 84.<a href="#cite_note-Sky-77">[77]</a></li> <li>America West and US Airlines merge, creating the nation's fifth-largest airline.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li></ul></li> <li>2006 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Metropolitan_Opera" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenix Metropolitan Opera">Phoenix Metropolitan Opera</a> founded.</li> <li>Phoenix Art Museum expansion, which includes a wing for modern art and a sculpture garden, opens.<a href="#cite_note-FA-36">[36]</a></li> <li>Cardinals Stadium, now <a href="/wiki/State_Farm_Stadium" title="State Farm Stadium">State Farm Stadium</a> opens.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix-Mesa_Gateway_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenix-Mesa Gateway Airport">Phoenix-Mesa Gateway Airport</a> begins operations on the site of the closed Williams AFB.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li></ul></li> <li>2007 <ul><li>July 27: <a href="/wiki/2007_Phoenix_news_helicopter_collision" class="mw-redirect" title="2007 Phoenix news helicopter collision">News helicopter collision</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Mercury" title="Phoenix Mercury">Phoenix Mercury</a> win the WNBA championship.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li></ul></li> <li>2008 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Valley_Metro_Rail" title="Valley Metro Rail">Valley Metro Rail</a> begins operation.<a href="#cite_note-Transit-35">[35]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/44_Monroe" title="44 Monroe">44 Monroe</a> built.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XLII" title="Super Bowl XLII">Super Bowl XLII</a> played at University of Phoenix Stadium. The New York Giants defeat the New England Patriots.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li> <li>Squaw Peak renamed Piestewa Peak, in honor of the first Native American woman killed in combat, Lori Piestewa.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li></ul></li> <li>2009 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Civic_Space_Park" title="Phoenix Civic Space Park">Phoenix Civic Space Park</a> opens.</li> <li>Sculpture <a href="/wiki/Her_Secret_Is_Patience" title="Her Secret Is Patience">Her Secret Is Patience</a> installed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeport-McMoRan_Center" title="Freeport-McMoRan Center">Freeport-McMoRan Center</a> built.</li> <li>Arizona Cardinals lose to the Pittsburgh Steelers in <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XLIII" title="Super Bowl XLIII">Super Bowl XLIII</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010s">2010s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 2010s">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>2010 <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Musical_Instrument_Museum_(Phoenix)" title="Musical Instrument Museum (Phoenix)">Musical Instrument Museum</a>, the largest museum of its type in the world, opens.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a></li> <li>Tempe Town Lake dam bursts.<a href="#cite_note-AZTimeline-70">[70]</a></li> <li>Population: 1,445,632; <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_metropolitan_area" title="Phoenix metropolitan area">metro</a> 4,192,887.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a></li></ul></li> <li>2011 <ul><li>July 5: Sandstorm.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a></li> <li>University of Arizona's Center for Social Cohesion active.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a></li></ul></li> <li>2012 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Stanton" title="Greg Stanton">Greg Stanton</a> becomes mayor.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CityScape_(Phoenix)" title="CityScape (Phoenix)">CityScape</a> building constructed.</li></ul></li> <li>2013 – Population: 1,513,367.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a></li> <li>2015 <ul><li>Renovations begin on Terminal 3 at Sky Harbor airport, part of a 3-phase redevelopment of the terminal expected to be completed in 2020.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XLIX" title="Super Bowl XLIX">Super Bowl XLIX</a> played at University of Phoenix Stadium. The New England Patriots defeat the Seattle Seahawks.</li></ul></li> <li>2017 <ul><li>In June 2017, a heat wave grounded more than 40 airline flights of small aircraft, with <a href="/wiki/American_Airlines" title="American Airlines">American Airlines</a> reducing sales on certain flights to prevent the vehicles from being over the maximum weight permitted for safe takeoff.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a></li></ul></li> <li>2019 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Gallego" title="Kate Gallego">Kate Gallego</a> becomes mayor.</li></ul></li> <li>2021 <ul><li>On November 9, 2021, <a href="/wiki/Gulfstream_Aerospace_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation">Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation</a> announced that the airport would be the site for the West Coast Service Center Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) facility.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> The new 225,000-square-foot facility, a more than $70 million investment.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a></li></ul></li> <li>2022 <ul><li>The new hangar is located at the SkyBridge development at the airport and augments hangar space Gulfstream established at the facility in March 2022.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Phoenix,_Arizona" title="History of Phoenix, Arizona">History of Phoenix, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Phoenix" title="List of mayors of Phoenix">List of mayors of Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Phoenix,_Arizona" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Phoenix, Arizona">National Register of Historic Places listings in Phoenix, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_metropolitan_area" title="Phoenix metropolitan area">Phoenix metropolitan area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Arizona" title="List of radio stations in Arizona">List of radio stations in Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Arizona" title="Timeline of Arizona">Timeline of Arizona</a></li> <li>Timelines of other <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities and towns in Arizona">cities</a> in Arizona: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Mesa,_Arizona" title="Timeline of Mesa, Arizona">Mesa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Tucson,_Arizona" title="Timeline of Tucson, Arizona">Tucson</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-AZMNH-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AZMNH_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZMNH_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121130091322/http://www.azmnh.org/arch/hohokam.aspx">"The Hohokam"</a>. Arizona Museum of Natural History, City of Mesa. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.azmnh.org/arch/hohokam.aspx">the original</a> on 30 November 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Hohokam&rft.pub=Arizona+Museum+of+Natural+History%2C+City+of+Mesa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.azmnh.org%2Farch%2Fhohokam.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA._Leonard_Meyer1888" class="citation cs2">A. Leonard Meyer (1888), Meyer's Business Directory of the City of Phoenix, Arizona, Phoenix, Ariz, <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL7233806M">7233806M</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Meyer%27s+Business+Directory+of+the+City+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona&rft.place=Phoenix%2C+Ariz&rft.date=1888&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL7233806M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.au=A.+Leonard+Meyer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">citation</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpencer_C._Tucker2012" class="citation book cs1">Spencer C. Tucker (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=I9ceNvefrToC&pg=PA255">The Encyclopedia of the Mexican–American War: A Political, Social, and Military History</a>. ABC-CLIO. p. 255. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781851098545" title="Special:BookSources/9781851098545"><bdi>9781851098545</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+the+Mexican%E2%80%93American+War%3A+A+Political%2C+Social%2C+and+Military+History&rft.pages=255&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781851098545&rft.au=Spencer+C.+Tucker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DI9ceNvefrToC%26pg%3DPA255&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ci.wickenburg.az.us/index.aspx?NID=299">"Town of Wickenburg History"</a>. Wickenburg, Arizona. Retrieved 25 February 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Town+of+Wickenburg+History&rft.pub=Wickenburg%2C+Arizona&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ci.wickenburg.az.us%2Findex.aspx%3FNID%3D299&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legendsofamerica.com/az-fortmcdowell.html">"Fort McDowell – In the Midst of the Apache Wars"</a>. Legends of America.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fort+McDowell+%E2%80%93+In+the+Midst+of+the+Apache+Wars&rft.pub=Legends+of+America&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legendsofamerica.com%2Faz-fortmcdowell.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrady20121,_5-6"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrady20121,_5_6-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGrady2012">Grady 2012</a>, pp. 1, 5. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201015-7"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201015_7-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFVanderMeer2010">VanderMeer 2010</a>, p. 15. </li> <li id="cite_note-Phxgov-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Phxgov_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phxgov_8-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phxgov_8-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phxgov_8-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phxgov_8-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phxgov_8-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phxgov_8-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phxgov_8-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phxgov_8-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phxgov_8-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phxgov_8-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phxgov_8-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phxgov_8-12">m</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150404003303/https://www.phoenix.gov/pio/city-publications/city-history">"City of Phoenix History"</a>. City of Phoenix. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.phoenix.gov/pio/city-publications/city-history">the original</a> on April 4, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=City+of+Phoenix+History&rft.pub=City+of+Phoenix&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.phoenix.gov%2Fpio%2Fcity-publications%2Fcity-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGober200617-9"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGober200617_9-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGober2006">Gober 2006</a>, p. 17. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-21">v</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-22">w</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-23">x</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-24">y</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-25">z</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-26">aa</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-27">ab</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-28">ac</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-29">ad</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-30">ae</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-31">af</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-32">ag</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-33">ah</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-34">ai</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-35">aj</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-36">ak</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-37">al</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-38">am</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-39">an</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-40">ao</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-41">ap</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-42">aq</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-43">ar</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-44">as</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-45">at</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-46">au</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-47">av</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-48">aw</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-49">ax</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-50">ay</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-51">az</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-52">ba</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-53">bb</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-54">bc</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-55">bd</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-56">be</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-57">bf</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-58">bg</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-59">bh</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-60">bi</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-61">bj</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-62">bk</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-63">bl</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-64">bm</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-65">bn</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-66">bo</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-67">bp</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-68">bq</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-69">br</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-70">bs</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-71">bt</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-72">bu</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-73">bv</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-74">bw</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-75">bx</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-76">by</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-77">bz</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-78">ca</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-79">cb</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-80">cc</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-81">cd</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-82">ce</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-83">cf</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-84">cg</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-85">ch</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-86">ci</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-87">cj</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-88">ck</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011_10-89">cl</a> <a href="#CITEREFTerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011">Territorial, statehood timelines 2011</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrady201261–65-11"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrady201261–65_11-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGrady2012">Grady 2012</a>, pp. 61–65. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDisturnell1881-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDisturnell1881_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDisturnell1881_12-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDisturnell1881_12-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDisturnell1881_12-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDisturnell1881_12-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDisturnell1881_12-5">f</a> <a href="#CITEREFDisturnell1881">Disturnell 1881</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBritannica1910_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBritannica1910_13-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBritannica1910_13-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBritannica1910_13-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBritannica1910_13-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBritannica1910_13-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBritannica1910_13-6">g</a> <a href="#CITEREFBritannica1910">Britannica 1910</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201028-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201028_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201028_14-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201028_14-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201028_14-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201028_14-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFVanderMeer2010">VanderMeer 2010</a>, p. 28. </li> <li id="cite_note-Natural-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Natural_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Natural_15-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131104021420/http://thenaturalamerican.com/phoenix_history.htm">"Phoenix Valley History"</a>. The Natural American. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thenaturalamerican.com/phoenix_history.htm">the original</a> on November 4, 2013. Retrieved June 28, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Phoenix+Valley+History&rft.pub=The+Natural+American&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthenaturalamerican.com%2Fphoenix_history.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LOC-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LOC_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LOC_16-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LOC_16-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LOC_16-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LOC_16-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LOC_16-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/search/titles/results/?state=Arizona&county=Maricopa&city=Phoenix&year1=1690&year2=2013&terms=&frequency=&language=&ethnicity=&labor=&material_type=&lccn=&rows=50&sort=date">"US Newspaper Directory"</a>. Chronicling America. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. Retrieved March 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chronicling+America&rft.atitle=US+Newspaper+Directory&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Fsearch%2Ftitles%2Fresults%2F%3Fstate%3DArizona%26county%3DMaricopa%26city%3DPhoenix%26year1%3D1690%26year2%3D2013%26terms%3D%26frequency%3D%26language%3D%26ethnicity%3D%26labor%3D%26material_type%3D%26lccn%3D%26rows%3D50%26sort%3Ddate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201020-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201020_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201020_17-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201020_17-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201020_17-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVanderMeer201020_17-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFVanderMeer2010">VanderMeer 2010</a>, p. 20. </li> <li id="cite_note-AZPeople-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AZPeople_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZPeople_18-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZPeople_18-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZPeople_18-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNilsen2011" class="citation web cs1">Nilsen, Richard (June 24, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.azcentral.com/centennial/ent/articles/2011/06/24/20110624architecture-phoenix-builders-developers-arizona-history.html">"People who built Phoenix: 1865–1912"</a>. Arizona Republic. Retrieved June 30, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=People+who+built+Phoenix%3A+1865%E2%80%931912&rft.pub=Arizona+Republic&rft.date=2011-06-24&rft.aulast=Nilsen&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.azcentral.com%2Fcentennial%2Fent%2Farticles%2F2011%2F06%2F24%2F20110624architecture-phoenix-builders-developers-arizona-history.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GovHistory-19"><a href="#cite_ref-GovHistory_19-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130405010633/http://phoenix.gov/citygovernment/facts/history/index.html">"History"</a>. City of Phoenix. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phoenix.gov/citygovernment/facts/history/index.html">the original</a> on April 5, 2013. Retrieved March 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History&rft.pub=City+of+Phoenix&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphoenix.gov%2Fcitygovernment%2Ffacts%2Fhistory%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_H._McClintock1916" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/James_H._McClintock" title="James H. McClintock">James H. McClintock</a> (1916), Arizona: Prehistoric, Aboriginal, Pioneer, Modern, Chicago: S.J. Clarke Publishing Co., <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL7024158M">7024158M</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arizona%3A+Prehistoric%2C+Aboriginal%2C+Pioneer%2C+Modern&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=S.J.+Clarke+Publishing+Co.&rft.date=1916&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL7024158M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.au=James+H.+McClintock&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/arizonaprehistor02mcclrich#page/n3/mode/2up">v.2</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">Premium list; Fourth Annual Exhibit, Arizona Industrial Exposition Association, October 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, Phoenix, Maricopa County, Arizona, Phoenix: Arizona Industrial Exposition Association, 1887, <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL7208542M">7208542M</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Premium+list%3B+Fourth+Annual+Exhibit%2C+Arizona+Industrial+Exposition+Association%2C+October+17%2C+18%2C+19%2C+20%2C+21%2C+22%2C+Phoenix%2C+Maricopa+County%2C+Arizona&rft.place=Phoenix&rft.pub=Arizona+Industrial+Exposition+Association&rft.date=1887&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL7208542M%23id-name%3DOL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/pinnacle-west-capital-corporation-history/">"History of Pinnacle West Capital Corporation – FundingUniverse"</a>. www.fundinguniverse.com. Retrieved 2016-06-17.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fundinguniverse.com&rft.atitle=History+of+Pinnacle+West+Capital+Corporation+%E2%80%93+FundingUniverse&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fundinguniverse.com%2Fcompany-histories%2Fpinnacle-west-capital-corporation-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Fxc9AAAAYAAJ&pg=RA17-PA3">"Busy Railroad in a Rich Country: the Arizona Eastern ..."</a> Southern Pacific Bulletin. San Francisco. August 1921.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southern+Pacific+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Busy+Railroad+in+a+Rich+Country%3A+the+Arizona+Eastern+...&rft.date=1921-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFxc9AAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DRA17-PA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Citydata-24"><a href="#cite_ref-Citydata_24-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city-data.com/us-cities/The-West/Phoenix-History.html">"Phoenix: History"</a>. City-Data.com. Retrieved 4 February 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Phoenix%3A+History&rft.pub=City-Data.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.city-data.com%2Fus-cities%2FThe-West%2FPhoenix-History.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://heritagesquarephx.org/visit/the-rosson-house/">"The Rosson House"</a>. Heritage Square. 4 December 2013. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Rosson+House&rft.pub=Heritage+Square&rft.date=2013-12-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fheritagesquarephx.org%2Fvisit%2Fthe-rosson-house%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IlE6AQAAIAAJ">Julius Cahn's Official Theatrical Guide</a>. 1900.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Julius+Cahn%27s+Official+Theatrical+Guide&rft.date=1900&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIlE6AQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Growing-27">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Growing_27-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Growing_27-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Growing_27-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Growing_27-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Growing_27-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Growing_27-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Growing_27-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Growing_27-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Growing_27-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Growing_27-9">j</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150201103558/http://thenaturalamerican.com/1900_to_today.htm">"Growing into a Metropolis"</a>. The Natural American. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thenaturalamerican.com/1900_to_today.htm">the original</a> on February 1, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Growing+into+a+Metropolis&rft.pub=The+Natural+American&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthenaturalamerican.com%2F1900_to_today.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.srpnet.com/about/history/timeline.aspx">"Salt River Project: Historical timeline"</a>. Srpnet.com. Retrieved 2012-06-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Salt+River+Project%3A+Historical+timeline&rft.pub=Srpnet.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.srpnet.com%2Fabout%2Fhistory%2Ftimeline.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AZ100-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AZ100_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZ100_29-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140202132416/http://www.az100years.org/az-experience/this-day-in-arizona-history-2/">"This Day in Arizona History"</a>. AZ100Years.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.az100years.org/az-experience/this-day-in-arizona-history-2/">the original</a> on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 4 February 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=This+Day+in+Arizona+History&rft.pub=AZ100Years.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.az100years.org%2Faz-experience%2Fthis-day-in-arizona-history-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hello-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hello_30-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hello_30-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hello_30-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hellophoenix.com/history.cfm">"Phoenix History"</a>. Hello Phoenix. Retrieved 4 February 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Phoenix+History&rft.pub=Hello+Phoenix&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hellophoenix.com%2Fhistory.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140214011434/http://phoenix.gov/citygovernment/facts/history/index.html#ESTABLISH">"Out of the Ashes, Establishing a Council-Manager Government City of Phoenix"</a>. Phoenix.gov. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phoenix.gov/CITYGOV/history.html#ESTABLISH">the original</a> on 2014-02-14. Retrieved 2012-06-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Out+of+the+Ashes%2C+Establishing+a+Council-Manager+Government+City+of+Phoenix&rft.pub=Phoenix.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphoenix.gov%2FCITYGOV%2Fhistory.html%23ESTABLISH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AZTimeline6-32">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-21">v</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-22">w</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-23">x</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-24">y</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-25">z</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-26">aa</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-27">ab</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-28">ac</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-29">ad</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-30">ae</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-31">af</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-32">ag</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-33">ah</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-34">ai</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-35">aj</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-36">ak</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-37">al</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-38">am</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-39">an</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-40">ao</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-41">ap</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-42">aq</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-43">ar</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-44">as</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-45">at</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-46">au</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-47">av</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-48">aw</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-49">ax</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-50">ay</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-51">az</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-52">ba</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-53">bb</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-54">bc</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-55">bd</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-56">be</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-57">bf</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-58">bg</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-59">bh</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline6_32-60">bi</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.azcentral.com/centennial/ent/articles/2011/07/22/20110722arizona-architecture-timeline-valley-1912-45.html">"Timeline: The Valley 1912–45"</a>. The Arizona Republic. July 22, 2011. Retrieved June 30, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Timeline%3A+The+Valley+1912%E2%80%9345&rft.pub=The+Arizona+Republic&rft.date=2011-07-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.azcentral.com%2Fcentennial%2Fent%2Farticles%2F2011%2F07%2F22%2F20110722arizona-architecture-timeline-valley-1912-45.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://azjhs.org/History_of_the_CPJHC.html">"History"</a>. Arizona Jewish Historical Society. Retrieved March 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History&rft.pub=Arizona+Jewish+Historical+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fazjhs.org%2FHistory_of_the_CPJHC.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.discoverphoenixarizona.com/cutler-plotkin.html">"Cutler Plotkin Jewish Heritage Center"</a>. Discover Phoenix. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cutler+Plotkin+Jewish+Heritage+Center&rft.pub=Discover+Phoenix&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.discoverphoenixarizona.com%2Fcutler-plotkin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Transit-35">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-21">v</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-22">w</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-23">x</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-24">y</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-25">z</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-26">aa</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-27">ab</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Transit_35-28">ac</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140829025756/http://phoenixtrolley.com/history/history-of-transit/">"A Brief History Of Public Transportation in Metro Phoenix"</a>. The Phoenix Trolley Museum. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phoenixtrolley.com/history/history-of-transit/">the original</a> on August 29, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+Of+Public+Transportation+in+Metro+Phoenix&rft.pub=The+Phoenix+Trolley+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphoenixtrolley.com%2Fhistory%2Fhistory-of-transit%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FA-36">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FA_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FA_36-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FA_36-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FA_36-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FA_36-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905093835/http://www.phxart.org/visit/aboutus/historyandmission">"History & Mission"</a>. Phoenix Art Museum. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phxart.org/visit/aboutus/historyandmission">the original</a> on September 5, 2015. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+%26+Mission&rft.pub=Phoenix+Art+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.phxart.org%2Fvisit%2Faboutus%2Fhistoryandmission&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chandlerair-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chandlerair_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chandlerair_37-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chandlerair_37-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chandlerair_37-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chandleraz.gov/default.aspx?pageid=1025">"Airport History Timeline"</a>. City of Chandler. Retrieved June 30, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Airport+History+Timeline&rft.pub=City+of+Chandler&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chandleraz.gov%2Fdefault.aspx%3Fpageid%3D1025&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Skyharbor-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Skyharbor_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Skyharbor_38-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Skyharbor_38-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Skyharbor_38-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://skyharbor.com/about/earlyYears.html">"1935 and The Farm – Sky Harbor's Early Years and Memories"</a>. skyharbor.com. 30 August 1930. Retrieved 5 February 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1935+and+The+Farm+%E2%80%93+Sky+Harbor%27s+Early+Years+and+Memories&rft.pub=skyharbor.com&rft.date=1930-08-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fskyharbor.com%2Fabout%2FearlyYears.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130311053016/http://www.heard.org/about/history.html">"Heard Museum History"</a>. Heard Museum. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heard.org/about/history.html">the original</a> on March 11, 2013. Retrieved March 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heard+Museum+History&rft.pub=Heard+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heard.org%2Fabout%2Fhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TNS-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TNS_40-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TNS_40-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TNS_40-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.azarchivesonline.org/xtf/view?docId=ead/asu/tnsrec.xml">"Tempe Normal School Records, 1885–1930 MSS-149"</a>. Arizona Archives Online. 2014. Retrieved May 27, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tempe+Normal+School+Records%2C+1885%E2%80%931930+MSS-149&rft.pub=Arizona+Archives+Online&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.azarchivesonline.org%2Fxtf%2Fview%3FdocId%3Dead%2Fasu%2Ftnsrec.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130308130600/http://phoenix.gov/parks/culture/museum/pueblo/archaeology/index.html">"City Archaeology"</a>. City of Phoenix. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phoenix.gov/parks/culture/museum/pueblo/archaeology/index.html">the original</a> on March 8, 2013. Retrieved March 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=City+Archaeology&rft.pub=City+of+Phoenix&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphoenix.gov%2Fparks%2Fculture%2Fmuseum%2Fpueblo%2Farchaeology%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.preservationnation.org/magazine/story-of-the-week/2001/Phoenix-Guards-Its-Castle-Against-Desert-Sprawl.html#.VZH9uWfbLIU">"An Arizona Fairy Tale"</a>. National Trust for Historic Preservation. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+Arizona+Fairy+Tale&rft.pub=National+Trust+for+Historic+Preservation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.preservationnation.org%2Fmagazine%2Fstory-of-the-week%2F2001%2FPhoenix-Guards-Its-Castle-Against-Desert-Sprawl.html%23.VZH9uWfbLIU&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wrigleymansion.com/about-the-wrigley-mansion/">"Everyday Extraordinary"</a>. Wrigley Mansion Club. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Everyday+Extraordinary&rft.pub=Wrigley+Mansion+Club&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wrigleymansion.com%2Fabout-the-wrigley-mansion%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sky4-44">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sky4_44-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sky4_44-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140204223316/http://skyharbor.com/about/terminal1.html">"Where is Terminal 1?"</a>. Sky Harbor Airport. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://skyharbor.com/about/terminal1.html">the original</a> on February 4, 2014. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Where+is+Terminal+1%3F&rft.pub=Sky+Harbor+Airport&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fskyharbor.com%2Fabout%2Fterminal1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenley1992" class="citation book cs1">Henley, David C. (1992). The Land That God Forgot: The Saga of Gen. George Patton's Desert Training Camp (revised ed.). Fallon, Nevada: Western Military History Association. p. 54. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/76951993">76951993</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Land+That+God+Forgot%3A+The+Saga+of+Gen.+George+Patton%27s+Desert+Training+Camp&rft.place=Fallon%2C+Nevada&rft.pages=54&rft.edition=revised&rft.pub=Western+Military+History+Association&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F76951993&rft.aulast=Henley&rft.aufirst=David+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blackpast.org/aaw/phoenixs-thanksgiving-day-riot-1942">"Phoenix's Thanksgiving Day Riot, 1942"</a>. BlackPast.org. 22 January 2007. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Phoenix%27s+Thanksgiving+Day+Riot%2C+1942&rft.pub=BlackPast.org&rft.date=2007-01-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackpast.org%2Faaw%2Fphoenixs-thanksgiving-day-riot-1942&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150629162920/http://worldandmilitarynotes.com/pow/papago-park-arizona-usa-pow-camp/">"Papago Park (Arizona) USA POW Camp"</a>. World and Military Notes.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldandmilitarynotes.com/pow/papago-park-arizona-usa-pow-camp/">the original</a> on June 29, 2015. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Papago+Park+%28Arizona%29+USA+POW+Camp&rft.pub=World+and+Military+Notes.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldandmilitarynotes.com%2Fpow%2Fpapago-park-arizona-usa-pow-camp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150321083657/http://www.historynet.com/the-not-so-great-escape-german-pows-in-the-us-during-wwii.htm">"The Not-So-Great Escape: German POWs in the U.S. during WWII"</a>. HistoryNet. 5 November 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historynet.com/the-not-so-great-escape-german-pows-in-the-us-during-wwii.htm">the original</a> on March 21, 2015. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Not-So-Great+Escape%3A+German+POWs+in+the+U.S.+during+WWII&rft.pub=HistoryNet&rft.date=2007-11-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historynet.com%2Fthe-not-so-great-escape-german-pows-in-the-us-during-wwii.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mymysterycastle.com/">"Imagination is more important than knowledge..."</a> Mystery Castle. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Imagination+is+more+important+than+knowledge...&rft.pub=Mystery+Castle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mymysterycastle.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-21">v</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-22">w</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-23">x</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-24">y</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-25">z</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-26">aa</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-27">ab</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-28">ac</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-29">ad</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-30">ae</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-31">af</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-32">ag</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-33">ah</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-34">ai</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimeline:_Postwar2011_50-35">aj</a> <a href="#CITEREFTimeline:_Postwar2011">Timeline: Postwar 2011</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> Robert Alan Goldberg, Barry Goldwater (1995), 76–82 </li> <li id="cite_note-Border-52"><a href="#cite_ref-Border_52-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeim" class="citation book cs1">Heim, Carl E. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1049&context=econ_workingpaper&sei-redir=1&referer=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bing.com%2Fsearch%3Fq%3DHistory%2Bof%2Bannexations%2Bin%2BPhoenix%26qs%3Dn%26form%3DQBLH%26pq%3Dhistory%2Bof%2Bannexations%2Bin%2Bphoenix%26sc%3D0-26%26sp%3D-1%26sk%3D%26cvid%3D143a2cd0445d4999bd5c2a5550b41c1b#search=%22History%20annexations%20Phoenix%22">Border Wars: Tax Revenues, Annexation, and Urban Growth in Phoenix</a>. University of Massachusetts. p. 17. Retrieved June 30, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Border+Wars%3A+Tax+Revenues%2C+Annexation%2C+and+Urban+Growth+in+Phoenix&rft.pages=17&rft.pub=University+of+Massachusetts&rft.aulast=Heim&rft.aufirst=Carl+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholarworks.umass.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1049%26context%3Decon_workingpaper%26sei-redir%3D1%26referer%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.bing.com%252Fsearch%253Fq%253DHistory%252Bof%252Bannexations%252Bin%252BPhoenix%2526qs%253Dn%2526form%253DQBLH%2526pq%253Dhistory%252Bof%252Bannexations%252Bin%252Bphoenix%2526sc%253D0-26%2526sp%253D-1%2526sk%253D%2526cvid%253D143a2cd0445d4999bd5c2a5550b41c1b%23search%3D%2522History%2520annexations%2520Phoenix%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://azgfdportal.az.gov/shooting/basf">"Ben Avery Shooting Facility"</a>. Arizona Game and Fish Department. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ben+Avery+Shooting+Facility&rft.pub=Arizona+Game+and+Fish+Department&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fazgfdportal.az.gov%2Fshooting%2Fbasf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Border2-54">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Border2_54-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Border2_54-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Border2_54-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Border2_54-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Border2_54-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeim" class="citation book cs1">Heim, Carl E. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1049&context=econ_workingpaper&sei-redir=1&referer=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bing.com%2Fsearch%3Fq%3DHistory%2Bof%2Bannexations%2Bin%2BPhoenix%26qs%3Dn%26form%3DQBLH%26pq%3Dhistory%2Bof%2Bannexations%2Bin%2Bphoenix%26sc%3D0-26%26sp%3D-1%26sk%3D%26cvid%3D143a2cd0445d4999bd5c2a5550b41c1b#search=%22History%20annexations%20Phoenix%22">Border Wars: Tax Revenues, Annexation, and Urban Growth in Phoenix</a>. University of Massachusetts. p. 56. Retrieved June 30, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Border+Wars%3A+Tax+Revenues%2C+Annexation%2C+and+Urban+Growth+in+Phoenix&rft.pages=56&rft.pub=University+of+Massachusetts&rft.aulast=Heim&rft.aufirst=Carl+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholarworks.umass.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1049%26context%3Decon_workingpaper%26sei-redir%3D1%26referer%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.bing.com%252Fsearch%253Fq%253DHistory%252Bof%252Bannexations%252Bin%252BPhoenix%2526qs%253Dn%2526form%253DQBLH%2526pq%253Dhistory%252Bof%252Bannexations%252Bin%252Bphoenix%2526sc%253D0-26%2526sp%253D-1%2526sk%253D%2526cvid%253D143a2cd0445d4999bd5c2a5550b41c1b%23search%3D%2522History%2520annexations%2520Phoenix%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sky3-55"><a href="#cite_ref-Sky3_55-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140202021451/http://skyharbor.com/about/terminal2.html">"Terminal 2"</a>. Sky Harbor. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://skyharbor.com/about/terminal2.html">the original</a> on February 2, 2014. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Terminal+2&rft.pub=Sky+Harbor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fskyharbor.com%2Fabout%2Fterminal2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://ecorp.azcc.gov/Details/corp?corpid=%2000594437">http://ecorp.azcc.gov/Details/corp?corpid=%2000594437</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://aztownhall.org/page-1646000">http://aztownhall.org/page-1646000</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilbert1966" class="citation news cs1">Gilbert, Dorothy V. (September 19, 1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150629190809/http://repository.asu.edu/attachments/111508/content/1965_1969.pdf">"Recreation Gets Priority in North Phoenix Plan"</a> (PDF). The Phoenix Gazette. p. 26. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://repository.asu.edu/attachments/111508/content/1965_1969.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on June 29, 2015. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Phoenix+Gazette&rft.atitle=Recreation+Gets+Priority+in+North+Phoenix+Plan&rft.pages=26&rft.date=1966-09-19&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Dorothy+V.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frepository.asu.edu%2Fattachments%2F111508%2Fcontent%2F1965_1969.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGullette" class="citation news cs1">Gullette, A. V. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspaperarchive.com/us/arizona/phoenix/arizona-republic/1967/07-16/page-105?tag=american%20transit%20corp&rtserp=tags/?pep=american-transit-corp">"Bus Line Owner Big Outfit"</a>. The Arizona Republic. Phoenix. pp. F1. Retrieved 2017-01-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Arizona+Republic&rft.atitle=Bus+Line+Owner+Big+Outfit&rft.pages=F1&rft.aulast=Gullette&rft.aufirst=A.+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspaperarchive.com%2Fus%2Farizona%2Fphoenix%2Farizona-republic%2F1967%2F07-16%2Fpage-105%3Ftag%3Damerican%2520transit%2520corp%26rtserp%3Dtags%2F%3Fpep%3Damerican-transit-corp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141022091359/http://www.firstfoodbank.org/learn-more/our-history">"St. Mary's Food Bank"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.firstfoodbank.org/learn-more/our-history">the original</a> on October 22, 2014. Retrieved October 30, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St.+Mary%27s+Food+Bank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.firstfoodbank.org%2Flearn-more%2Four-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://feedingamerica.org/foodbank-results.aspx?state=AZ">"Arizona Food Banks"</a>. Food Bank Locator. Chicago: <a href="/wiki/Feeding_America" title="Feeding America">Feeding America</a>. Retrieved October 30, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Food+Bank+Locator&rft.atitle=Arizona+Food+Banks&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedingamerica.org%2Ffoodbank-results.aspx%3Fstate%3DAZ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.recentpast.net/midcenturybanks/architecture/featured-buildings/item/4-phoenix-financial-center-19681976">"Phoenix Financial Center"</a>. Defining Downtown. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Phoenix+Financial+Center&rft.pub=Defining+Downtown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.recentpast.net%2Fmidcenturybanks%2Farchitecture%2Ffeatured-buildings%2Fitem%2F4-phoenix-financial-center-19681976&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150629184844/http://www.phoenixmountains.org/AboutUs.htm">"About Us"</a>. Phoenix Mountains Preservation Council. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phoenixmountains.org/AboutUs.htm">the original</a> on June 29, 2015. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Us&rft.pub=Phoenix+Mountains+Preservation+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.phoenixmountains.org%2FAboutUs.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-census1998-63">^ <a href="#cite_ref-census1998_63-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-census1998_63-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/library/working-papers/1998/demo/POP-twps0027.html">Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990</a>, US Census Bureau, 1998</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Population+of+the+100+Largest+Cities+and+Other+Urban+Places+in+the+United+States%3A+1790+to+1990&rft.pub=US+Census+Bureau&rft.date=1998&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Flibrary%2Fworking-papers%2F1998%2Fdemo%2FPOP-twps0027.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924145830/http://www.emporis.com/complex/102396/phoenix-city-square-phoenix-az-usa">"Phoenix City Square"</a>. Emporis. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Phoenix+City+Square&rft.pub=Emporis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.emporis.com%2Fcomplex%2F102396%2Fphoenix-city-square-phoenix-az-usa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Carl_Warnecke_and_Associates1967" class="citation book cs1">John Carl Warnecke and Associates (1967). Central Phoenix plan, first stage : work program for a planning and economic study of downtown-midtown Phoenix. John Carl Warnecke and Associates. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/19485397">19485397</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Central+Phoenix+plan%2C+first+stage+%3A+work+program+for+a+planning+and+economic+study+of+downtown-midtown+Phoenix&rft.pub=John+Carl+Warnecke+and+Associates&rft.date=1967&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F19485397&rft.au=John+Carl+Warnecke+and+Associates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sky2-66">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sky2_66-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sky2_66-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130730045026/http://skyharbor.com/about/terminal3.html">"Terminal 3"</a>. Sky Harbor Airport. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://skyharbor.com/about/terminal3.html">the original</a> on July 30, 2013. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Terminal+3&rft.pub=Sky+Harbor+Airport&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fskyharbor.com%2Fabout%2Fterminal3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.azleg.state.az.us/legtext/46leg/1r/summary/h.hb2104_02-12-03_approp.doc.htm">"HB 2104"</a>. Arizona House of Representatives. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HB+2104&rft.pub=Arizona+House+of+Representatives&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.azleg.state.az.us%2Flegtext%2F46leg%2F1r%2Fsummary%2Fh.hb2104_02-12-03_approp.doc.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phoenixtrolley.com/">"About the Museum"</a>. Phoenix Trolley Museum. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+the+Museum&rft.pub=Phoenix+Trolley+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphoenixtrolley.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wwA9AAAAMAAJ">"Phoenix Concept Plan 2000: A Program for Planning"</a>. Phoenix Planning Department. 1979. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Phoenix+Concept+Plan+2000%3A+A+Program+for+Planning&rft.pub=Phoenix+Planning+Department&rft.date=1979&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwwA9AAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AZTimeline-70">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-21">v</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-22">w</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-23">x</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZTimeline_70-24">y</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.azcentral.com/centennial/ent/articles/2011/10/08/20111008arizona-architecture-postmodern-now-timeline.html">"Timeline: 1980–2010"</a>. AZCentral.com. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Timeline%3A+1980%E2%80%932010&rft.pub=AZCentral.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.azcentral.com%2Fcentennial%2Fent%2Farticles%2F2011%2F10%2F08%2F20111008arizona-architecture-postmodern-now-timeline.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHedding" class="citation web cs1">Hedding, Judy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131213010641/http://phoenix.about.com/cs/doandsee/a/deervalrock01.htm">"Deer Valley Petroglyph Preserve"</a>. About Travel. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phoenix.about.com/cs/doandsee/a/deervalrock01.htm">the original</a> on December 13, 2013. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Deer+Valley+Petroglyph+Preserve&rft.pub=About+Travel&rft.aulast=Hedding&rft.aufirst=Judy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphoenix.about.com%2Fcs%2Fdoandsee%2Fa%2Fdeervalrock01.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nucleartourist.com/us/pvngs.htm">"Palo Verde – Arizona"</a>. Nuclear Tourist. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Palo+Verde+%E2%80%93+Arizona&rft.pub=Nuclear+Tourist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nucleartourist.com%2Fus%2Fpvngs.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.azcentral.com/centennial/news/articles/2011/03/11/20110311arizona-centennial-1980s.html?page=7">"Arizona Centennial"</a>. The Arizona Republic/AZCentral.com. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arizona+Centennial&rft.pub=The+Arizona+Republic%2FAZCentral.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.azcentral.com%2Fcentennial%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2011%2F03%2F11%2F20110311arizona-centennial-1980s.html%3Fpage%3D7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.azcentral.com/thingstodo/venues/Telephone_Pioneers_of_America_Park_510683799265">"Telephone Pioneers of America Park"</a>. AZCentral.com. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Telephone+Pioneers+of+America+Park&rft.pub=AZCentral.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.azcentral.com%2Fthingstodo%2Fvenues%2FTelephone_Pioneers_of_America_Park_510683799265&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131207041304/http://sunnyslopehistoricalsociety.org/aboutus.html">"Sunnyslope Historical Society"</a>. Phoenix, Arizona. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sunnyslopehistoricalsociety.org/aboutus.html">the original</a> on December 7, 2013. Retrieved March 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sunnyslope+Historical+Society&rft.place=Phoenix%2C+Arizona&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunnyslopehistoricalsociety.org%2Faboutus.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140221220721/http://www.discoverphoenixarizona.com/herberger-theater.html">"Herberger Theater Center"</a>. DiscoverPhoenixArizona.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.discoverphoenixarizona.com/herberger-theater.html">the original</a> on February 21, 2014. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Herberger+Theater+Center&rft.pub=DiscoverPhoenixArizona.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.discoverphoenixarizona.com%2Fherberger-theater.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sky-77">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sky_77-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sky_77-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sky_77-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140724035403/http://skyharbor.com/about/terminal4.html">"Terminal 4"</a>. Sky Harbor Airport. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://skyharbor.com/about/terminal4.html">the original</a> on July 24, 2014. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Terminal+4&rft.pub=Sky+Harbor+Airport&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fskyharbor.com%2Fabout%2Fterminal4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deseret.com/1990/11/11/18890429/joel-starts-the-fire-for-pavilion/">"Joel "Starts the Fire" for Pavilion"</a>. Deseret News. November 11, 1990. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Joel+%22Starts+the+Fire%22+for+Pavilion&rft.pub=Deseret+News&rft.date=1990-11-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deseret.com%2F1990%2F11%2F11%2F18890429%2Fjoel-starts-the-fire-for-pavilion%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=4219">"Phoenix City Hall"</a>. SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Phoenix+City+Hall&rft.pub=SkyscraperPage.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fskyscraperpage.com%2Fcities%2F%3FbuildingID%3D4219&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://govinfo.library.unt.edu/accessamerica/text/phoenix.html">"Phoenix Strips Away the Boundaries"</a>, Access America: e-Gov e-Zine, c. 1998, <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1531-4448">1531-4448</a> – via <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Texas_Libraries" title="University of North Texas Libraries">University of North Texas Libraries</a>, Cyber Cemetery</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Access+America%3A+e-Gov+e-Zine&rft.atitle=Phoenix+Strips+Away+the+Boundaries&rft.issn=1531-4448&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgovinfo.library.unt.edu%2Faccessamerica%2Ftext%2Fphoenix.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19970723063123/http://www.ci.phoenix.az.us/">"Phoenix at Your Fingertips"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ci.phoenix.az.us/">the original</a> on 1997-07-23 – via Internet Archive, <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Phoenix+at+Your+Fingertips&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ci.phoenix.az.us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japanesefriendshipgarden.org/#!about/c1wfv">"About Us"</a>. Japanese Friendship Garden of Phoenix. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Us&rft.pub=Japanese+Friendship+Garden+of+Phoenix&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.japanesefriendshipgarden.org%2F%23%21about%2Fc1wfv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-statab2003-83"><a href="#cite_ref-statab2003_83-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFU.S._Census_Bureau" class="citation cs2">U.S. Census Bureau, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/statab/hist/HS-07.pdf">"Mini-Historical Statistics: Population of the Largest 75 Cities: 1900 to 2000"</a> (PDF), Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2003</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Statistical+Abstract+of+the+United+States%3A+2003&rft.atitle=Mini-Historical+Statistics%3A+Population+of+the+Largest+75+Cities%3A+1900+to+2000&rft.au=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fstatab%2Fhist%2FHS-07.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phoenix.gov/MAYOR/bio.html">"Office of the Mayor"</a>. City of Phoenix. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040606024702/http://phoenix.gov/MAYOR/bio.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 6, 2004. Retrieved April 2, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Office+of+the+Mayor&rft.pub=City+of+Phoenix&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphoenix.gov%2FMAYOR%2Fbio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNilsen2010" class="citation web cs1">Nilsen, Richard (April 18, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.azcentral.com/thingstodo/music/articles/2010/04/18/20100418bob-ulrich-musical-instrument-museum.html#ixzz2FMXtrnLG">"Former Target CEO Bob Ulrich orchestrates creation of MIM"</a>. The Arizona Republic. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Former+Target+CEO+Bob+Ulrich+orchestrates+creation+of+MIM&rft.pub=The+Arizona+Republic&rft.date=2010-04-18&rft.aulast=Nilsen&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.azcentral.com%2Fthingstodo%2Fmusic%2Farticles%2F2010%2F04%2F18%2F20100418bob-ulrich-musical-instrument-museum.html%23ixzz2FMXtrnLG&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/dataviz/visualizations/026/508.php">"Largest Urbanized Areas With Selected Cities and Metro Areas (2010)"</a>. US Census Bureau. 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Largest+Urbanized+Areas+With+Selected+Cities+and+Metro+Areas+%282010%29&rft.pub=US+Census+Bureau&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fdataviz%2Fvisualizations%2F026%2F508.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/07/us/07dust.html">"Phoenix Dusts Off After Giant Sandstorm Whips Through"</a>. New York Times. July 6, 2011. Retrieved March 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Phoenix+Dusts+Off+After+Giant+Sandstorm+Whips+Through&rft.date=2011-07-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F07%2F07%2Fus%2F07dust.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110802204420/http://cohesion.asu.edu/">Center for Social Cohesion</a>, Phoenix, Arizona, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cohesion.asu.edu/">the original</a> on August 2, 2011</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Center+for+Social+Cohesion&rft.place=Phoenix%2C+Arizona&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcohesion.asu.edu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080627104834/http://www.usmayors.org/meetmayors/mayorsatglance.asp">"Meet the Mayors"</a>. Washington, D.C.: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Conference_of_Mayors" title="United States Conference of Mayors">United States Conference of Mayors</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://usmayors.org/meetmayors/mayorsatglance.asp">the original</a> on June 27, 2008. Retrieved March 30, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Meet+the+Mayors&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=United+States+Conference+of+Mayors&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fusmayors.org%2Fmeetmayors%2Fmayorsatglance.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/pdf/cb14-89_pop_table3.pdf">"The 15 Cities with the Largest Numeric Increase from July 1, 2012 to July 1, 2013"</a> (PDF). US Census Bureau. 2014. <q>Vintage 2013 Population Estimates</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+15+Cities+with+the+Largest+Numeric+Increase+from+July+1%2C+2012+to+July+1%2C+2013&rft.pub=US+Census+Bureau&rft.date=2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fnewsroom%2Freleases%2Fpdf%2Fcb14-89_pop_table3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2015" class="citation web cs1">Brown, Brandon (April 7, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bizjournals.com/phoenix/news/2015/04/07/terminal-3-renovations-start-at-sky-harbor.html">"Terminal 3 renovations start at Sky Harbor, airlines relocate"</a>. Phoenix Business Journal. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Terminal+3+renovations+start+at+Sky+Harbor%2C+airlines+relocate&rft.pub=Phoenix+Business+Journal&rft.date=2015-04-07&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Brandon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bizjournals.com%2Fphoenix%2Fnews%2F2015%2F04%2F07%2Fterminal-3-renovations-start-at-sky-harbor.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170624002955/http://www.msn.com/en-us/weather/topstories/heat-wave-hits-southwest-on-1st-day-of-summer/ar-BBCX7Yb?li=BBnb7Kz">"Heat wave hits Southwest on 1st day of summer"</a>. <a href="/wiki/MSN" title="MSN">MSN</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msn.com/en-us/weather/topstories/heat-wave-hits-southwest-on-1st-day-of-summer/ar-BBCX7Yb?li=BBnb7Kz">the original</a> on June 24, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MSN&rft.atitle=Heat+wave+hits+Southwest+on+1st+day+of+summer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msn.com%2Fen-us%2Fweather%2Ftopstories%2Fheat-wave-hits-southwest-on-1st-day-of-summer%2Far-BBCX7Yb%3Fli%3DBBnb7Kz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2017/06/20/us/weather-west-heat-wave/">"How hot is it in the West? Let us count the ways"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. 20 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=How+hot+is+it+in+the+West%3F+Let+us+count+the+ways&rft.date=2017-06-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2017%2F06%2F20%2Fus%2Fweather-west-heat-wave%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.flyingmag.com/gulfstream-van-nuys-service-center/">https://www.flyingmag.com/gulfstream-van-nuys-service-center/</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.journal-aviation.com/en/news/46359-gulfstream-to-open-a-new-aircraft-service-center-at-phoenix-mesa-gateway-airport">https://www.journal-aviation.com/en/news/46359-gulfstream-to-open-a-new-aircraft-service-center-at-phoenix-mesa-gateway-airport</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.gulfstreamnews.com/en/news/?id=91bf4047-86de-4832-9ab3-5bb370d6eb89">https://www.gulfstreamnews.com/en/news/?id=91bf4047-86de-4832-9ab3-5bb370d6eb89</a> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Phoenix,_Arizona#Bibliography" title="History of Phoenix, Arizona">History of Phoenix, Arizona § Bibliography</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <dl><dt>Published in 19th century</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDisturnell1881" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/arizonabusinessd00districh#page/148/mode/2up">"Phoenix P.O."</a>, Arizona Business Directory and Gazetteer, San Francisco: W.C. Disturnell, 1881</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Phoenix+P.O.&rft.btitle=Arizona+Business+Directory+and+Gazetteer&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pub=W.C.+Disturnell&rft.date=1881&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Farizonabusinessd00districh%23page%2F148%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatrick_Hamilton1881" class="citation cs2">Patrick Hamilton (1881), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/resourcesofarizo01hami#page/24/mode/2up">"Chief Towns: Phoenix"</a>, Resources of Arizona, Prescott, Ariz</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chief+Towns%3A+Phoenix&rft.btitle=Resources+of+Arizona&rft.place=Prescott%2C+Ariz&rft.date=1881&rft.au=Patrick+Hamilton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fresourcesofarizo01hami%23page%2F24%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">citation</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</li></ul> <dl><dt>Published in 20th century</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaricopa_County_(Ariz.)._Board_of_Supervisors1908" class="citation cs2">Maricopa County (Ariz.). Board of Supervisors (1908), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/saltrivervalleya00maririch#page/n21/mode/2up">"Phoenix"</a>, Salt River Valley, Arizona, offers productive lands, a healthful climate and rare opportunities to the investor and homeseeker, New York: Norman Pierce Co., <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/16818598">16818598</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Phoenix&rft.btitle=Salt+River+Valley%2C+Arizona%2C+offers+productive+lands%2C+a+healthful+climate+and+rare+opportunities+to+the+investor+and+homeseeker&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Norman+Pierce+Co.&rft.date=1908&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F16818598&rft.au=Maricopa+County+%28Ariz.%29.+Board+of+Supervisors&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fsaltrivervalleya00maririch%23page%2Fn21%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBritannica1910" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Phoenix_(Arizona)">"Phoenix (Arizona)" </a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 458.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Phoenix+%28Arizona%29&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=458&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1910&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeorge_Wharton_James1917" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/George_Wharton_James" title="George Wharton James">George Wharton James</a> (1917), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/arizonawonderlan00jameuoft#page/426/mode/2up">"Phoenix and Salt River Valley"</a>, Arizona, the Wonderland, Boston: <a href="/wiki/Page_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Page Company">Page Company</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Phoenix+and+Salt+River+Valley&rft.btitle=Arizona%2C+the+Wonderland&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Page+Company&rft.date=1917&rft.au=George+Wharton+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Farizonawonderlan00jameuoft%23page%2F426%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFederal_Writers’_Project1966" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Writers%E2%80%99_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Writers’ Project">Federal Writers’ Project</a> (1966). "Phoenix". Arizona, the Grand Canyon State. <a href="/wiki/American_Guide_Series" title="American Guide Series">American Guide Series</a> (4th ed.). New York: Hastings House. p. 216+. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL5989725M">5989725M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Phoenix&rft.btitle=Arizona%2C+the+Grand+Canyon+State&rft.place=New+York&rft.series=American+Guide+Series&rft.pages=216%2B&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=Hastings+House&rft.date=1966&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL5989725M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.au=Federal+Writers%E2%80%99+Project&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_E._Buchanan1978" class="citation cs2">James E. Buchanan (1978), Howard B. Furer (ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/phoenixchronolog0000unse">Phoenix: a chronological & documentary history, 1865–1976</a>, American Cities Chronology Series, Dobbs Ferry, N.Y.: <a href="/wiki/Oceana_Publications" title="Oceana Publications">Oceana Publications</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0379006170" title="Special:BookSources/0379006170"><bdi>0379006170</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Phoenix%3A+a+chronological+%26+documentary+history%2C+1865%E2%80%931976&rft.place=Dobbs+Ferry%2C+N.Y.&rft.series=American+Cities+Chronology+Series&rft.pub=Oceana+Publications&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=0379006170&rft.au=James+E.+Buchanan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fphoenixchronolog0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Lykes, Aimee de Potter. "A Hundred Beers of Phoenix History", in G. Wesley Johnson, Jr., ed. Phoenix in the Twentieth Century: Essays in Community History (1993) pp. 220–236, to 1981</li></ul> <dl><dt>Published in 21st century</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGober2006" class="citation book cs1">Gober, Patricia (2006). Metropolitan Phoenix. University of Pennsylvania Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8122-3899-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8122-3899-0"><bdi>978-0-8122-3899-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Metropolitan+Phoenix&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-8122-3899-0&rft.aulast=Gober&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrady2012" class="citation book cs1">Grady, Patrick (2012). Out Of The Ruins. Arizona Pioneer Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-615-55511-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-615-55511-9"><bdi>978-0-615-55511-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Out+Of+The+Ruins&rft.pub=Arizona+Pioneer+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-615-55511-9&rft.aulast=Grady&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.azcentral.com/centennial/ent/articles/2011/06/24/20110624architecture-arizona-timeline-territorial-statehood.html">"Arizona: Territorial, statehood timelines"</a>. The Arizona Republic. June 24, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arizona%3A+Territorial%2C+statehood+timelines&rft.pub=The+Arizona+Republic&rft.date=2011-06-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.azcentral.com%2Fcentennial%2Fent%2Farticles%2F2011%2F06%2F24%2F20110624architecture-arizona-timeline-territorial-statehood.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTimeline:_Postwar2011" class="citation web cs1">Richard Nilsen (August 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.azcentral.com/centennial/ent/articles/2011/08/20/20110820arizona-architecture-postwar-timeline.html">"Timeline: Postwar, 1946–80"</a>. AZCentral.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Timeline%3A+Postwar%2C+1946%E2%80%9380&rft.pub=AZCentral.com&rft.date=2011-08&rft.au=Richard+Nilsen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.azcentral.com%2Fcentennial%2Fent%2Farticles%2F2011%2F08%2F20%2F20110820arizona-architecture-postwar-timeline.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmerican_Cities_Project2013" class="citation web cs1">American Cities Project (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pewstates.org/research/analysis/americas-big-cities-in-volatile-times-city-profiles-85899515062">"Phoenix"</a>. America's Big Cities in Volatile Times: City Profiles. Washington, D.C.: <a href="/wiki/Pew_Charitable_Trusts" class="mw-redirect" title="Pew Charitable Trusts">Pew Charitable Trusts</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=America%27s+Big+Cities+in+Volatile+Times%3A+City+Profiles&rft.atitle=Phoenix&rft.date=2013&rft.au=American+Cities+Project&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewstates.org%2Fresearch%2Fanalysis%2Famericas-big-cities-in-volatile-times-city-profiles-85899515062&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoseph_Galaskiewicz2013" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Galaskiewicz" title="Joseph Galaskiewicz">Joseph Galaskiewicz</a>; et al. (2013). "Studying the role of nonprofits, government, and business in providing activities and services to youth in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area". In Mario Luis Small; et al. (eds.). Reconsidering the Urban Disadvantaged: The Role of Systems, Institutions, and Organizations. Sage. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4833-0656-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4833-0656-8"><bdi>978-1-4833-0656-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Studying+the+role+of+nonprofits%2C+government%2C+and+business+in+providing+activities+and+services+to+youth+in+the+Phoenix+Metropolitan+Area&rft.btitle=Reconsidering+the+Urban+Disadvantaged%3A+The+Role+of+Systems%2C+Institutions%2C+and+Organizations&rft.pub=Sage&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-4833-0656-8&rft.au=Joseph+Galaskiewicz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVanderMeer2010" class="citation book cs1">VanderMeer, Philip (2010). Desert Visions and the Making of Phoenix. University of New Mexico Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8263-4891-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8263-4891-3"><bdi>978-0-8263-4891-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Desert+Visions+and+the+Making+of+Phoenix&rft.pub=University+of+New+Mexico+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-8263-4891-3&rft.aulast=VanderMeer&rft.aufirst=Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitaker2009" class="citation book cs1">Whitaker, Matthew C. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=S52REH6dw28C&pg=PA83">"Great expectations: African American and Latino relations in Phoenix since World War II"</a>. In Kenneth L. Kusmer and Joe W. Trotter (ed.). African American Urban History since World War II. Historical Studies of Urban America. University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-46512-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-46512-8"><bdi>978-0-226-46512-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Great+expectations%3A+African+American+and+Latino+relations+in+Phoenix+since+World+War+II&rft.btitle=African+American+Urban+History+since+World+War+II&rft.series=Historical+Studies+of+Urban+America&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-226-46512-8&rft.aulast=Whitaker&rft.aufirst=Matthew+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DS52REH6dw28C%26pg%3DPA83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:History_of_Phoenix,_Arizona" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:History of Phoenix, Arizona">History of Phoenix, Arizona</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://azmemory.azlibrary.gov/cdm/collectiondirectory">"Collection Directory"</a>. Arizona Memory Project. Retrieved March 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Collection+Directory&rft.pub=Arizona+Memory+Project&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fazmemory.azlibrary.gov%2Fcdm%2Fcollectiondirectory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Phoenix%2C+Arizona" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Phoenix Public Library. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phoenixpubliclibrary.org/Locations/BurtonBarr/Pages/Arizona-Room.aspx">Arizona Room</a> (local history)</li> <li>Arizona Archives Online. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.azarchivesonline.org/xtf/search?keyword=phoenix">Materials related to Phoenix</a>, various dates</li> <li>Library of Congress, Prints & Photos Division. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/pictures/related/?fi=subject&q=United%20States--Arizona--Phoenix.">Materials related to Phoenix</a>, various dates</li> <li>Digital Public Library of America. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dp.la/search?page_size=100&q=phoenix+arizona&utf8=✓">Items related to Phoenix, Arizona</a>, various dates</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&params=33.45_N_112.066667_W_type:city_region:US">33°27′00″N 112°04′00″W / 33.45°N 112.066667°W / 33.45; -112.066667</a> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="City_of_Phoenix,_Arizona275" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FED700;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Template:Phoenix, Arizona"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Template talk:Phoenix, Arizona"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Phoenix, Arizona"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="City_of_Phoenix,_Arizona275" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">City of <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, Arizona</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #FED700;"><div>Nickname(s): Valley of the Sun</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FED700;;width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_corporations_in_Phoenix" class="mw-redirect" title="List of corporations in Phoenix">Corporations in Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Education_in_Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Category:Education in Phoenix, Arizona">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_the_Phoenix_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people from the Phoenix metropolitan area">Famous Phoenicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Phoenix,_Arizona" title="History of Phoenix, Arizona">History</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Timeline</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Phoenix,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mayors of Phoenix, Arizona">Mayors of Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Points_of_Pride" title="Phoenix Points of Pride">Points of Pride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Phoenix" title="List of tallest buildings in Phoenix">Skyscrapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Police_Department" title="Phoenix Police Department">Police Department</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FED700;;width:1%">Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Phoenix" title="Downtown Phoenix">Downtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Phoenix" class="mw-redirect" title="West Phoenix">West Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North/Northwest_Phoenix" title="North/Northwest Phoenix">North/Northwest Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Phoenix" class="mw-redirect" title="Southwest Phoenix">Southwest Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Phoenix" title="South Phoenix">South Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahwatukee,_Phoenix,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahwatukee, Phoenix, Arizona">Ahwatukee</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Side,_Phoenix&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East Side, Phoenix (page does not exist)">East Side (East Valley)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FED700;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Phoenix" title="Sports in Phoenix">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Cardinals" title="Arizona Cardinals">Arizona Cardinals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Diamondbacks" title="Arizona Diamondbacks">Arizona Diamondbacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Rattlers" title="Arizona Rattlers">Arizona Rattlers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Mercury" title="Phoenix Mercury">Phoenix Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Suns" title="Phoenix Suns">Phoenix Suns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Rising_FC" title="Phoenix Rising FC">Phoenix Rising FC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FED700;;width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Valley_Metro_Bus" title="Valley Metro Bus">Bus service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valley_Metro_Rail" title="Valley Metro Rail">Light rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Public_Transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenix Public Transportation">Public Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_and_freeways_in_metropolitan_Phoenix" title="Roads and freeways in metropolitan Phoenix">Roads & freeways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Sky_Harbor_International_Airport" title="Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport">Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FED700;;width:1%">Urban Villages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahwatukee,_Phoenix,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahwatukee, Phoenix, Arizona">Ahwatukee Foothills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alhambra,_Phoenix,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Alhambra, Phoenix, Arizona">Alhambra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camelback_East,_Phoenix,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Camelback East, Phoenix, Arizona">Camelback East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_City,_Phoenix,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Central City, Phoenix, Arizona">Central City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Valley,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Deer Valley, Arizona">Deer Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_View,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Desert View, Arizona">Desert View</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encanto,_Arizona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encanto, Arizona (page does not exist)">Encanto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estrella,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Estrella, Arizona">Estrella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laveen,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Laveen, Arizona">Laveen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryvale,_Phoenix,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryvale, Phoenix, Arizona">Maryvale</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_Gateway,_Arizona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North Gateway, Arizona (page does not exist)">North Gateway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunnyslope,_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunnyslope, Arizona">North Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradise_Valley,_Arizona" title="Paradise Valley, Arizona">Paradise Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Mountain,_Arizona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South Mountain, Arizona (page does not exist)">South Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Village,_Arizona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New Village, Arizona (page does not exist)">New Village</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FED700;;width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Points_of_Pride" title="Phoenix Points of Pride">Phoenix Points of Pride</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Phoenix_Points_of_Pride" title="Template:Phoenix Points of Pride">template</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_Prison_Complex_%E2%80%93_Phoenix" title="Arizona State Prison Complex – Phoenix">Arizona State Prison Complex – Phoenix</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FED700;;width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Union_High_School_District" title="Phoenix Union High School District">Phoenix UHSD</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Phoenix_Union_High_School_District" title="Template:Phoenix Union High School District">template</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agua_Fria_Union_High_School_District" title="Agua Fria Union High School District">Agua Fria UHSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glendale_Union_High_School_District" title="Glendale Union High School District">Glendale UHSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempe_Union_High_School_District" title="Tempe Union High School District">Tempe UHSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolleson_Union_High_School_District" title="Tolleson Union High School District">Tolleson UHSD</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alhambra_Elementary_School_District" title="Alhambra Elementary School District">Alhambra SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balsz_Elementary_School_District" title="Balsz Elementary School District">Balsz SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartwright_Elementary_School_District" title="Cartwright Elementary School District">Cartwright SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creighton_Elementary_School_District" title="Creighton Elementary School District">Creighton SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fowler_Elementary_School_District" title="Fowler Elementary School District">Fowler SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrene_School_District" title="Kyrene School District">Kyrene SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laveen_Elementary_School_District" title="Laveen Elementary School District">Laveen SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Littleton_Elementary_School_District" title="Littleton Elementary School District">Littleton SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Elementary_School_District" title="Madison Elementary School District">Madison SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murphy_Elementary_School_District" title="Murphy Elementary School District">Murphy SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osborn_Elementary_School_District" title="Osborn Elementary School District">Osborn SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendergast_Elementary_School_District" title="Pendergast Elementary School District">Pendergast SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Elementary_School_District" title="Phoenix Elementary School District">Phoenix SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside_Elementary_School_District" title="Riverside Elementary School District">Riverside SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Elementary_School_District" title="Roosevelt Elementary School District">Roosevelt SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempe_Elementary_School_District" title="Tempe Elementary School District">Tempe SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolleson_Elementary_School_District" title="Tolleson Elementary School District">Tolleson SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Elementary_School_District" title="Washington Elementary School District">Washington SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_Elementary_School_District" title="Wilson Elementary School District">Wilson SD</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cave_Creek_Unified_School_District" title="Cave Creek Unified School District">Cave Creek USD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Valley_Unified_School_District" title="Deer Valley Unified School District">Deer Valley USD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradise_Valley_Unified_School_District" title="Paradise Valley Unified School District">Paradise Valley USD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottsdale_Unified_School_District" title="Scottsdale Unified School District">Scottsdale USD</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_Schools_for_the_Deaf_and_Blind" title="Arizona State Schools for the Deaf and Blind">Phoenix Day School for the Deaf</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_School_for_the_Arts" title="Arizona School for the Arts">Arizona School for the Arts</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University_Downtown_Phoenix_campus" title="Arizona State University Downtown Phoenix campus">Arizona State University Downtown Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University_West_campus" title="Arizona State University West campus">Arizona State University West campus</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Closed6" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Indian_School" title="Phoenix Indian School">Phoenix Indian School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background: #FED700;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maricopa_County,_Arizona" title="Maricopa County, Arizona">Maricopa County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_metropolitan_area" title="Phoenix metropolitan area">Phoenix Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Phoenix_metropolitan_area243" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FED700;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Phoenix_Metropolitan_Area" title="Template:Phoenix Metropolitan Area"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Phoenix_Metropolitan_Area" title="Template talk:Phoenix Metropolitan Area"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Phoenix_Metropolitan_Area" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Phoenix Metropolitan Area"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Phoenix_metropolitan_area243" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_metropolitan_area" title="Phoenix metropolitan area">Phoenix metropolitan area</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FED700;;width:1%">Core city</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FED700;;width:1%">Largest suburbs (over 100,000 inhabitants)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chandler,_Arizona" title="Chandler, Arizona">Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert,_Arizona" title="Gilbert, Arizona">Gilbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glendale,_Arizona" title="Glendale, Arizona">Glendale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesa,_Arizona" title="Mesa, Arizona">Mesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoria,_Arizona" title="Peoria, Arizona">Peoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottsdale,_Arizona" title="Scottsdale, Arizona">Scottsdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surprise,_Arizona" title="Surprise, Arizona">Surprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempe,_Arizona" title="Tempe, Arizona">Tempe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FED700;;width:1%">Other suburbs and towns (over 10,000 inhabitants)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthem,_Arizona" title="Anthem, Arizona">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Junction,_Arizona" title="Apache Junction, Arizona">Apache Junction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avondale,_Arizona" title="Avondale, Arizona">Avondale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckeye,_Arizona" title="Buckeye, Arizona">Buckeye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Mirage,_Arizona" title="El Mirage, Arizona">El Mirage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountain_Hills,_Arizona" title="Fountain Hills, Arizona">Fountain Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodyear,_Arizona" title="Goodyear, Arizona">Goodyear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Canyon,_Arizona" title="Gold Canyon, Arizona">Gold Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_Air_Force_Base" title="Luke Air Force Base">Luke Air Force Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_River,_Arizona" title="New River, Arizona">New River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradise_Valley,_Arizona" title="Paradise Valley, Arizona">Paradise Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Creek,_Arizona" title="Queen Creek, Arizona">Queen Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Tan_Valley,_Arizona" title="San Tan Valley, Arizona">San Tan Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_City,_Arizona" title="Sun City, Arizona">Sun City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_City_West,_Arizona" title="Sun City West, Arizona">Sun City West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Lakes,_Arizona" title="Sun Lakes, Arizona">Sun Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waddell,_Arizona" title="Waddell, Arizona">Waddell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FED700;;width:1%">Smaller suburbs and towns (over 5,000 inhabitants)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carefree,_Arizona" title="Carefree, Arizona">Carefree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_Creek,_Arizona" title="Cave Creek, Arizona">Cave Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadalupe,_Arizona" title="Guadalupe, Arizona">Guadalupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litchfield_Park,_Arizona" title="Litchfield Park, Arizona">Litchfield Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolleson,_Arizona" title="Tolleson, Arizona">Tolleson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youngtown,_Arizona" title="Youngtown, Arizona">Youngtown</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FED700;;width:1%">Exurbs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superior,_Arizona" title="Superior, Arizona">Superior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wickenburg,_Arizona" title="Wickenburg, Arizona">Wickenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wittmann,_Arizona" title="Wittmann, Arizona">Wittmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morristown,_Arizona" title="Morristown, Arizona">Morristown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coolidge,_Arizona" title="Coolidge, Arizona">Coolidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence,_Arizona" title="Florence, Arizona">Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_Grande,_Arizona" title="Casa Grande, Arizona">Casa Grande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Canyon_City,_Arizona" title="Black Canyon City, Arizona">Black Canyon City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gila_Bend,_Arizona" title="Gila Bend, Arizona">Gila Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eloy,_Arizona" title="Eloy, Arizona">Eloy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maricopa,_Arizona" title="Maricopa, Arizona">Maricopa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FED700;;width:1%">Counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maricopa_County,_Arizona" title="Maricopa County, Arizona">Maricopa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinal_County,_Arizona" title="Pinal County, Arizona">Pinal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FED700;;width:1%">Native American reservations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salt_River_Pima-Maricopa_Indian_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community">Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gila_River_Indian_Community" title="Gila River Indian Community">Gila River Indian Community</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FED700;;width:1%">Subregions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Valley_(Phoenix_metropolitan_area)" title="East Valley (Phoenix metropolitan area)">East Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_Valley_(Phoenix_metropolitan_area)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North Valley (Phoenix metropolitan area) (page does not exist)">North Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Valley_(Phoenix_metropolitan_area)" title="West Valley (Phoenix metropolitan area)">West Valley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_of_Arizona414" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arizona" title="Template:Arizona"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Arizona" title="Template talk:Arizona"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arizona" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Arizona"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_of_Arizona414" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Arizona" title="Outline of Arizona">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Arizona" title="Agriculture in Arizona">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Arizona" title="Geography of Arizona">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Arizona" title="Government of Arizona">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Arizona" title="Constitution of Arizona">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Arizona" title="List of governors of Arizona">Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_Legislature" title="Arizona State Legislature">Legislature</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Arizona-related_articles" title="Index of Arizona-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Arizona" title="United States congressional delegations from Arizona">Congressional Delegations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Arizona" title="List of United States senators from Arizona">Senators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Arizona" title="List of United States representatives from Arizona">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Arizona" title="List of museums in Arizona">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Arizona" title="Music of Arizona">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_Arizona" title="Indigenous peoples of Arizona">Native Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Arizona" title="List of people from Arizona">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arizona_state_symbols" title="List of Arizona state symbols">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Arizona" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Arizona">Tourist attractions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Arizona" title="Transportation in Arizona">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Arizona" title="Abortion in Arizona">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Arizona" title="Climate change in Arizona">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Culture of Arizona">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Arizona" title="Crime in Arizona">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Arizona" title="Demographics of Arizona">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Arizona" title="Economy of Arizona">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Education in Arizona">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Arizona" title="Elections in Arizona">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Arizona" title="Gun laws in Arizona">Gun laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Arizona">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Arizona">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in Arizona">Homelessness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Arizona" title="List of regions of Arizona">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Strip" title="Arizona Strip">Arizona Strip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Sun_Corridor" title="Arizona Sun Corridor">Arizona Sun Corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coconino_Plateau" title="Coconino Plateau">Coconino Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Plateau" title="Colorado Plateau">Colorado Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Canyon" title="Grand Canyon">Grand Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaibab_Plateau" title="Kaibab Plateau">Kaibab Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mogollon_Plateau" title="Mogollon Plateau">Mogollon Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mogollon_Rim" title="Mogollon Rim">Mogollon Rim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monument_Valley" title="Monument Valley">Monument Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Central_Arizona" title="North Central Arizona">North Central Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Northeast Arizona">Northeast Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Arizona" title="Northern Arizona">Northern Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Creek_Canyon" title="Oak Creek Canyon">Oak Creek Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_metropolitan_area" title="Phoenix metropolitan area">Phoenix Metropolitan Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safford_micropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Safford micropolitan area">Safford area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_volcanic_field" title="San Francisco volcanic field">San Francisco Volcanic Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonoran_Desert" title="Sonoran Desert">Sonoran Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Arizona" title="Southern Arizona">Southern Arizona</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Arizona" title="Traditional Arizona">Traditional Arizona</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_transition_zone" title="Arizona transition zone">Transition zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verde_Valley" title="Verde Valley">Verde Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Mountains_(Arizona)" title="White Mountains (Arizona)">White Mountains</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Arizona" title="List of counties in Arizona">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apache_County,_Arizona" title="Apache County, Arizona">Apache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cochise_County,_Arizona" title="Cochise County, Arizona">Cochise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coconino_County,_Arizona" title="Coconino County, Arizona">Coconino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gila_County,_Arizona" title="Gila County, Arizona">Gila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_County,_Arizona" title="Graham County, Arizona">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenlee_County,_Arizona" title="Greenlee County, Arizona">Greenlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Paz_County,_Arizona" title="La Paz County, Arizona">La Paz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maricopa_County,_Arizona" title="Maricopa County, Arizona">Maricopa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohave_County,_Arizona" title="Mohave County, Arizona">Mohave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navajo_County,_Arizona" title="Navajo County, Arizona">Navajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pima_County,_Arizona" title="Pima County, Arizona">Pima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinal_County,_Arizona" title="Pinal County, Arizona">Pinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_County,_Arizona" title="Santa Cruz County, Arizona">Santa Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yavapai_County,_Arizona" title="Yavapai County, Arizona">Yavapai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuma_County,_Arizona" title="Yuma County, Arizona">Yuma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities and towns in Arizona">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avondale,_Arizona" title="Avondale, Arizona">Avondale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckeye,_Arizona" title="Buckeye, Arizona">Buckeye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullhead_City,_Arizona" title="Bullhead City, Arizona">Bullhead City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_Grande,_Arizona" title="Casa Grande, Arizona">Casa Grande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandler,_Arizona" title="Chandler, Arizona">Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flagstaff,_Arizona" title="Flagstaff, Arizona">Flagstaff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert,_Arizona" title="Gilbert, Arizona">Gilbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glendale,_Arizona" title="Glendale, Arizona">Glendale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodyear,_Arizona" title="Goodyear, Arizona">Goodyear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingman,_Arizona" title="Kingman, Arizona">Kingman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Havasu_City,_Arizona" title="Lake Havasu City, Arizona">Lake Havasu City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesa,_Arizona" title="Mesa, Arizona">Mesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoria,_Arizona" title="Peoria, Arizona">Peoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prescott,_Arizona" title="Prescott, Arizona">Prescott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottsdale,_Arizona" title="Scottsdale, Arizona">Scottsdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surprise,_Arizona" title="Surprise, Arizona">Surprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Vista,_Arizona" title="Sierra Vista, Arizona">Sierra Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempe,_Arizona" title="Tempe, Arizona">Tempe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuma,_Arizona" title="Yuma, Arizona">Yuma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Arizona" title="History of Arizona">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Territory" title="Arizona Territory">Arizona Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aztec_Land_%26_Cattle_Company" title="Aztec Land & Cattle Company">Aztec Land & Cattle Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ambos_Nogales" title="Battle of Ambos Nogales">Battle of Ambos Nogales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hualapai_War" title="Hualapai War">Hualapai War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohave_War" title="Mohave War">Mohave War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pah-Ute_County,_Arizona_Territory" title="Pah-Ute County, Arizona Territory">Pah-Ute County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheep_wars" title="Sheep wars">Sheep wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitgreaves_Expedition" title="Sitgreaves Expedition">Sitgreaves Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_evolution_of_Arizona" title="Territorial evolution of Arizona">Territorial evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Arizona_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Arizona history">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Mesa,_Arizona" title="Timeline of Mesa, Arizona">Mesa</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Tucson,_Arizona" title="Timeline of Tucson, Arizona">Tucson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_during_World_War_II" title="Arizona during World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage_in_Arizona" title="Women's suffrage in Arizona">Women's suffrage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arizona.svg/32px-Flag_of_Arizona.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arizona.svg/48px-Flag_of_Arizona.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arizona.svg/64px-Flag_of_Arizona.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Arizona" title="Portal:Arizona">Arizona portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Phoenix_Points_of_Pride27" style="text-align:center;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Phoenix_Points_of_Pride" title="Template:Phoenix Points of Pride"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Phoenix_Points_of_Pride" title="Template talk:Phoenix Points of Pride"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Phoenix_Points_of_Pride" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Phoenix Points of Pride"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Phoenix_Points_of_Pride27" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Points_of_Pride" title="Phoenix Points of Pride">Phoenix Points of Pride</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Biltmore_Hotel" title="Arizona Biltmore Hotel">Arizona Biltmore Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Center" title="Arizona Center">Arizona Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University_at_the_West_campus" class="mw-redirect" title="Arizona State University at the West campus">Arizona State University at the West campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Avery_Shooting_Facility" title="Ben Avery Shooting Facility">Ben Avery Shooting Facility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burton_Barr_Central_Library" title="Burton Barr Central Library">Burton Barr Central Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camelback_Mountain" title="Camelback Mountain">Camelback Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Israel_(Phoenix,_Arizona)" class="mw-redirect" title="Temple Beth Israel (Phoenix, Arizona)">Cutler-Plotkin Jewish Heritage Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Valley_Petroglyph_Preserve" title="Deer Valley Petroglyph Preserve">Deer Valley Petroglyph Preserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_Botanical_Garden" title="Desert Botanical Garden">Desert Botanical Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encanto_Park" title="Encanto Park">Encanto Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Footprint_Center" title="Footprint Center">Footprint Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heard_Museum" title="Heard Museum">Heard Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talking_Stick_Resort_Amphitheatre" title="Talking Stick Resort Amphitheatre">Talking Stick Resort Amphitheatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Herberger_Theater_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="The Herberger Theater Center">The Herberger Theater Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Phoenix#Historic_Heritage_Square" title="Downtown Phoenix">Historic Heritage Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ro_Ho_En" class="mw-redirect" title="Ro Ho En">Japanese Friendship Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_Castle" title="Mystery Castle">Mystery Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheum_Theatre_(Phoenix)" class="mw-redirect" title="Orpheum Theatre (Phoenix)">Orpheum Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papago_Park" title="Papago Park">Papago Park</a>/<a href="/wiki/Hole-in-the-Rock_(Papago_Park)" title="Hole-in-the-Rock (Papago Park)">Hole-In-The-Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Art_Museum" title="Phoenix Art Museum">Phoenix Art Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Mountains_Park_and_Recreation_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenix Mountains Park and Recreation Area">Phoenix Mountains Park and Recreation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Zoo" title="Phoenix Zoo">Phoenix Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_Grande_Ruin_and_Irrigation_Sites" title="Pueblo Grande Ruin and Irrigation Sites">Pueblo Grande Museum and Archaeological Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shemer_Art_Center_and_Museum" title="Shemer Art Center and Museum">Shemer Art Center and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Mountain_Park" title="South Mountain Park">South Mountain Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_Basilica,_Phoenix" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Mary's Basilica, Phoenix">St. Mary's Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Symphony_Hall" title="Phoenix Symphony Hall">Symphony Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_Pioneers_of_America_Park" title="Telephone Pioneers of America Park">Telephone Pioneers of America Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tovrea_Castle" title="Tovrea Castle">Tovrea Castle and Carraro Cactus Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesley_Bolin_Memorial_Plaza" title="Wesley Bolin Memorial Plaza">Wesley Bolin Memorial Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Mansion" title="Wrigley Mansion">Wrigley Mansion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&oldid=1263659450">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&oldid=1263659450</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Years_in_Arizona" title="Category:Years in Arizona">Years in Arizona</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Category:History of Phoenix, Arizona">History of Phoenix, Arizona</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Timelines_of_cities_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Timelines of cities in the United States">Timelines of cities in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Arizona_history-related_lists" title="Category:Arizona history-related lists">Arizona history-related lists</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1: unfit URL">CS1: unfit URL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_with_empty_Wikidata_description" title="Category:Short description with empty Wikidata description">Short description with empty Wikidata description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dynamic_lists" title="Category:Dynamic lists">Dynamic lists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1911_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_with_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_locally_defined" title="Category:Commons category link is locally defined">Commons category link is locally defined</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 17 December 2024, at 23:11 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"> Search </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" >Timeline of Phoenix, Arizona</div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"> Add languages </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"> Add topic </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-dd7b9dc85-dl7qs","wgBackendResponseTime":153,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.541","walltime":"1.759","ppvisitednodes":{"value":15302,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":273382,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":19811,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":454452,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1490.102 1 -total"," 31.87% 474.934 1 Template:Reflist"," 25.81% 384.643 153 Template:Sfn"," 21.88% 326.105 68 Template:Cite_web"," 8.42% 125.502 1 Template:History_of_Arizona"," 8.22% 122.535 1 Template:Sidebar"," 6.02% 89.748 1 Template:Short_description"," 5.40% 80.408 1 Template:Commons_category"," 5.29% 78.786 1 Template:Sister_project"," 5.18% 77.186 1 Template:Side_box"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.875","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":9679766,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\nanchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFA._Leonard_Meyer1888\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAmerican_Cities_Project2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBritannica1910\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrown2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDisturnell1881\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFederal_Writers’_Project1966\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGeorge_Wharton_James1917\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGilbert1966\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGober2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrady2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGullette\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHedding\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHeim\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFHenley1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJames_E._Buchanan1978\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJames_H._McClintock1916\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohn_Carl_Warnecke_and_Associates1967\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJoseph_Galaskiewicz2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMaricopa_County_(Ariz.)._Board_of_Supervisors1908\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNilsen2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNilsen2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPatrick_Hamilton1881\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpencer_C._Tucker2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTerritorial,_statehood_timelines2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTimeline:_Postwar2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFU.S._Census_Bureau\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVanderMeer2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhitaker2009\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Arizona\"] = 1,\n [\"Center\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation\"] = 12,\n [\"Cite EB1911\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 12,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 68,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 1,\n [\"Coord\"] = 1,\n [\"Dynamic list\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvid\"] = 4,\n [\"History of Arizona\"] = 1,\n [\"Phoenix Metropolitan Area\"] = 1,\n [\"Phoenix, Arizona\"] = 1,\n [\"PhxPoP\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 153,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"TOC right\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"small\",\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-85f4f7c798-l2zjg","timestamp":"20250131211658","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Timeline of Phoenix, Arizona","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_Phoenix,_Arizona","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q12071098","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q12071098","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2013-03-25T18:50:57Z","dateModified":"2024-12-17T23:11:23Z"}</script> </body> </html>