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</div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Anatomy_of_a_Systemd_timer-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Anatomy of a Systemd timer subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Anatomy_of_a_Systemd_timer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ExecStart_and_difference_with_bash" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ExecStart_and_difference_with_bash"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>ExecStart and difference with bash</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ExecStart_and_difference_with_bash-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Calculating_OnCalendar_interval" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Calculating_OnCalendar_interval"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Calculating OnCalendar interval</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Calculating_OnCalendar_interval-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Operations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Operations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Operations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-List_all_timers_running_on_the_host" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_all_timers_running_on_the_host"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>List all timers running on the host</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_all_timers_running_on_the_host-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_command_timers_are_actually_running" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_command_timers_are_actually_running"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>List command timers are actually running</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_command_timers_are_actually_running-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Check_which_user_runs_a_timer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Check_which_user_runs_a_timer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Check which user runs a timer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Check_which_user_runs_a_timer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disable_a_Systemd_timer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disable_a_Systemd_timer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Disable a Systemd timer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disable_a_Systemd_timer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shut_off_/_Reset_Icinga_alert_already_fired" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shut_off_/_Reset_Icinga_alert_already_fired"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Shut off / Reset Icinga alert already fired</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shut_off_/_Reset_Icinga_alert_already_fired-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Check_logs_for_a_systemd_timer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Check_logs_for_a_systemd_timer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Check logs for a systemd timer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Check_logs_for_a_systemd_timer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Failed_service_procedure_(ops_week)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Failed_service_procedure_(ops_week)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Failed service procedure (ops week)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Failed_service_procedure_(ops_week)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Failed service procedure (ops week) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Failed_service_procedure_(ops_week)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Checking_logs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Checking_logs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Checking logs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Checking_logs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Resetting_service_status_to_normal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Resetting_service_status_to_normal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Resetting service status to normal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Resetting_service_status_to_normal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikitech</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="subpages">< <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Data_Platform" title="Data Platform">Data Platform</a></bdi> | <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Data_Platform/Systems" title="Data Platform/Systems">Systems</a></bdi></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p>In <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T172532" class="extiw" title="phab:T172532">phab:T172532</a> we decided to move away as much as possible from cron jobs since we were struggling to alarm when a job failed. Most of our recurrent jobs are running on an-coord1001 (analytics cluster coordinator), and the majority of them are systemd timers.<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2211903">.mw-parser-output .note{background-position:left 7px top 50%;padding:0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 40px;margin:0.5em 0;overflow:hidden;background-color:#f8f9fa;color:#333;background-repeat:no-repeat;border:1px solid #ddd}.mw-parser-output .note-inline{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .note-info{background-color:#eaf3ff;color:#333;background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/OOjs_UI_icon_information-progressive.svg");background-size:25px;border-color:#a3caff;padding-left:40px;min-height:25px}.mw-parser-output .note-reminder{background-color:#fff9ea;color:#333;background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/OOjs_UI_icon_lightbulb-yellow.svg");background-size:25px;border-color:#fc3;min-height:25px}.mw-parser-output .note-warn{background-color:#fff9ea;color:#333;background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/OOjs_UI_icon_alert-warning.svg");background-size:25px;border-color:#fc3;min-height:25px}.mw-parser-output .note-error{background-color:#fee7e6;color:#333;background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/OOjs_UI_icon_notice-destructive.svg");background-size:25px;border-color:#c33;min-height:25px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .note{background-color:transparent;color:inherit}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .note{background-color:transparent;color:inherit}}</style></p><div role="note" class="note note-warn">Timers are different from cron-jobs noticeably in that they automatically restart failed jobs. If you need a timer to be stopped and executed later, first disable the timer (see section below), then kill the currently running job, and finally re-enable the timer at will.</div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Anatomy_of_a_Systemd_timer" data-mw-thread-id="h-Anatomy_of_a_Systemd_timer"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Anatomy_of_a_Systemd_timer"></span>Anatomy of a Systemd timer<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Anatomy_of_a_Systemd_timer"></span></h2></div><p> A systemd timer is composed by two parts: a unit and the timer itself. Let's pick an example:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>elukey@an-coord1001:~$<span class="w"> </span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>systemctl<span class="w"> </span>cat<span class="w"> </span>hdfs-balancer.timer <span class="c1"># /lib/systemd/system/hdfs-balancer.timer</span> <span class="o">[</span>Unit<span class="o">]</span> <span class="nv">Description</span><span class="o">=</span>Periodic<span class="w"> </span>execution<span class="w"> </span>of<span class="w"> </span>hdfs-balancer.service <span class="o">[</span>Timer<span class="o">]</span> <span class="nv">Unit</span><span class="o">=</span>hdfs-balancer.service <span class="c1"># Accuracy sets the maximum time interval around the execution time we want to allow</span> <span class="nv">AccuracySec</span><span class="o">=</span>15sec <span class="nv">OnCalendar</span><span class="o">=</span>*-*-*<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">06</span>:00:00 <span class="nv">RandomizedDelaySec</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">0</span> <span class="o">[</span>Install<span class="o">]</span> <span class="nv">WantedBy</span><span class="o">=</span>multi-user.target elukey@an-coord1001:~$<span class="w"> </span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>systemctl<span class="w"> </span>cat<span class="w"> </span>hdfs-balancer.service <span class="c1"># /lib/systemd/system/hdfs-balancer.service</span> <span class="o">[</span>Unit<span class="o">]</span> <span class="nv">Description</span><span class="o">=</span>Run<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>HDFS<span class="w"> </span>balancer<span class="w"> </span>script<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>keep<span class="w"> </span>HDFS<span class="w"> </span>blocks<span class="w"> </span>replicated<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>most<span class="w"> </span>redundant<span class="w"> </span>and<span class="w"> </span>efficient<span class="w"> </span>way. <span class="o">[</span>Service<span class="o">]</span> <span class="nv">User</span><span class="o">=</span>hdfs <span class="nv">ExecStart</span><span class="o">=</span>/usr/local/bin/hdfs-balancer </pre></div><p>In this case, we are checking how it is configured the HDFS balancer timer. The .timer file references a systemd unit (the .service file), that it is the one doing the work, and a pattern of execution (in this case, every day at 6 AM UTC). The .service file defines a command, together with other info like environment variables and username that needs to execute it. This command that .service points to can be generated by puppet, so peek into it if you need to see the details, for example: <code>sudo -u hdfs cat /usr/local/bin/refinery-sqoop-mediawiki</code>. </p><p>We alarm on the return code of the .service Systemd unit: if it gets executed and the script mentioned by <b>ExecStart</b> returns a non-zero exit code, Nagios will alert us. </p><p> All these configuration files seem a bit confusing, but they are good from the operations point of view. A systemd .service can be started/restarted any time, basically forcing the execution of its script. In this case:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>systemctl<span class="w"> </span>start<span class="w"> </span>hdfs-balancer.service </pre></div><p>forces the hdfs-balancer to execute. Where do we find logs? At the moment the majority of them are only on journald, but they will be logged on files as well as soon as possible. If you want to check journald for a particular .service:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># start from the first log registered</span> sudo<span class="w"> </span>journalctl<span class="w"> </span>-u<span class="w"> </span>hdfs-balancer <span class="c1"># start from a specific moment of time</span> sudo<span class="w"> </span>journalctl<span class="w"> </span>-u<span class="w"> </span>hdfs-balancer<span class="w"> </span>--since<span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'3 days ago'</span> <span class="c1"># show only a specific timeframe</span> sudo<span class="w"> </span>journalctl<span class="w"> </span>--since<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"2018-10-21 23:15:00"</span><span class="w"> </span>--until<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"2018-10-21 23:20:00"</span> <span class="c1"># tail -f equivalent</span> sudo<span class="w"> </span>journalctl<span class="w"> </span>-u<span class="w"> </span>hdfs-balancer<span class="w"> </span>--follow </pre></div><p>An example of debugging for db1107: <a class="external free" href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T207165">https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T207165</a> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ExecStart_and_difference_with_bash" data-mw-thread-id="h-ExecStart_and_difference_with_bash-Anatomy_of_a_Systemd_timer"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-ExecStart_and_difference_with_bash-Anatomy_of_a_Systemd_timer"></span>ExecStart and difference with bash<span data-mw-comment-end="h-ExecStart_and_difference_with_bash-Anatomy_of_a_Systemd_timer"></span></h3></div> <p>Please note that the command executed by the service unit (the one assigned to the ExecStart field) is parsed following a systemd specific format, that is similar to what bash offers but very different in may ways. If you don't keep in mind this rule you'll end up writing units that either fail due to weird argument parsing or even worse executing with wrong parameters. The fix in <a class="external free" href="https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/operations/puppet/+/530555/">https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/operations/puppet/+/530555/</a> is a good example: a shell redirection ( command > file.log) is not parsed as we expect by systemd, that 1) considers '>' as special char and 2) considers everything split by a whitespace (and not quoted) as separate argument. </p><p><br/> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Calculating_OnCalendar_interval" data-mw-thread-id="h-Calculating_OnCalendar_interval-Anatomy_of_a_Systemd_timer"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Calculating_OnCalendar_interval-Anatomy_of_a_Systemd_timer"></span>Calculating OnCalendar interval<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Calculating_OnCalendar_interval-Anatomy_of_a_Systemd_timer"></span></h3></div> <p>The OnCalender interval syntax is powerful, but isn't always the most straightforward to figure out. There is a command to help: <code>systemd-analyze</code>. </p><p>To check the syntax of OnCalendar, you can run e.g. </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>$<span class="w"> </span>systemd-analyze<span class="w"> </span>calendar<span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'*-*-* *:05,35:00'</span> Normalized<span class="w"> </span>form:<span class="w"> </span>*-*-*<span class="w"> </span>*:05,35:00 <span class="w"> </span>Next<span class="w"> </span>elapse:<span class="w"> </span>Thu<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2021</span>-07-08<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">14</span>:35:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC <span class="w"> </span>From<span class="w"> </span>now:<span class="w"> </span>24min<span class="w"> </span>left </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Operations" data-mw-thread-id="h-Operations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Operations"></span>Operations<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Operations"></span></h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_all_timers_running_on_the_host" data-mw-thread-id="h-List_all_timers_running_on_the_host-Operations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-List_all_timers_running_on_the_host-Operations"></span>List all timers running on the host<span data-mw-comment-end="h-List_all_timers_running_on_the_host-Operations"></span></h3></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>systemctl<span class="w"> </span>list-timers </pre></div><p>Example of output from stat1006:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>elukey@stat1006:~$<span class="w"> </span>systemctl<span class="w"> </span>list-timers NEXT<span class="w"> </span>LEFT<span class="w"> </span>LAST<span class="w"> </span>PASSED<span class="w"> </span>UNIT<span class="w"> </span>ACTIVATES Wed<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2019</span>-03-27<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">06</span>:43:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC<span class="w"> </span>2min<span class="w"> </span>54s<span class="w"> </span>left<span class="w"> </span>Wed<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2019</span>-03-27<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">06</span>:28:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC<span class="w"> </span>12min<span class="w"> </span>ago<span class="w"> </span>prometheus-node-exporter-apt.timer<span class="w"> </span>prometheus-node-exporter-apt.service Wed<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2019</span>-03-27<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">07</span>:00:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC<span class="w"> </span>19min<span class="w"> </span>left<span class="w"> </span>Wed<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2019</span>-03-27<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">06</span>:00:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC<span class="w"> </span>40min<span class="w"> </span>ago<span class="w"> </span>reportupdater-cx.timer<span class="w"> </span>reportupdater-cx.service Wed<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2019</span>-03-27<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">07</span>:00:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC<span class="w"> </span>19min<span class="w"> </span>left<span class="w"> </span>Wed<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2019</span>-03-27<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">06</span>:00:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC<span class="w"> </span>40min<span class="w"> </span>ago<span class="w"> </span>reportupdater-edit-beta-features.timer<span class="w"> </span>reportupdater-edit-beta-features.service Wed<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2019</span>-03-27<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">07</span>:00:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC<span class="w"> </span>19min<span class="w"> </span>left<span class="w"> </span>Wed<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2019</span>-03-27<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">06</span>:00:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC<span class="w"> </span>40min<span class="w"> </span>ago<span class="w"> </span>reportupdater-ee-beta-features.timer<span class="w"> </span>reportupdater-ee-beta-features.service Wed<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2019</span>-03-27<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">07</span>:00:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC<span class="w"> </span>19min<span class="w"> </span>left<span class="w"> </span>Wed<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2019</span>-03-27<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">06</span>:00:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC<span class="w"> </span>40min<span class="w"> </span>ago<span class="w"> </span>reportupdater-ee.timer<span class="w"> </span>reportupdater-ee.service Wed<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2019</span>-03-27<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">07</span>:00:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC<span class="w"> </span>19min<span class="w"> </span>left<span class="w"> </span>Wed<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2019</span>-03-27<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">06</span>:00:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC<span class="w"> </span>40min<span class="w"> </span>ago<span class="w"> </span>reportupdater-flow-beta-features.timer<span class="w"> </span>reportupdater-flow-beta-features.service Wed<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2019</span>-03-27<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">07</span>:00:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC<span class="w"> </span>19min<span class="w"> </span>left<span class="w"> </span>Wed<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2019</span>-03-27<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">06</span>:00:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC<span class="w"> </span>40min<span class="w"> </span>ago<span class="w"> </span>reportupdater-flow.timer<span class="w"> </span>reportupdater-flow.service Wed<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2019</span>-03-27<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">07</span>:00:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC<span class="w"> </span>19min<span class="w"> </span>left<span class="w"> </span>Wed<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2019</span>-03-27<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">06</span>:00:00<span class="w"> </span>UTC<span class="w"> </span>40min<span class="w"> </span>ago<span class="w"> </span>reportupdater-language.timer<span class="w"> </span>reportupdater-language.service </pre></div> <p>To check on a specific timer, use status: <code>systemctl status refinery-sqoop-whole-mediawiki</code> </p><p>It is easy to see all the timings for a certain systemd timer and the units it runs. For example, the <code>reportupdater-cx</code> job has two units: </p> <ul><li><code>reportupdater-cx.timer</code> -> this is basically the equivalent of the cron definition (you can inspect it via <code>systemctl cat reportupdater-cx.timer</code> and see its config)</li> <li><code>reportupdater-cx.service</code> -> this is the command to run together with its environment etc.., that is called/managed by the above <code>.timer</code> unit.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_command_timers_are_actually_running" data-mw-thread-id="h-List_command_timers_are_actually_running-Operations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-List_command_timers_are_actually_running-Operations"></span>List command timers are actually running<span data-mw-comment-end="h-List_command_timers_are_actually_running-Operations"></span></h3></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>nuria@an-launcher1002:~$<span class="w"> </span>systemctl<span class="w"> </span>cat<span class="w"> </span>drop-el-unsanitized-events.service <span class="c1"># /lib/systemd/system/drop-el-unsanitized-events.service</span> <span class="o">[</span>Unit<span class="o">]</span> <span class="nv">Description</span><span class="o">=</span>Drop<span class="w"> </span>unsanitized<span class="w"> </span>EventLogging<span class="w"> </span>data<span class="w"> </span>from<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>event<span class="w"> </span>database<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>retention<span class="w"> </span>period. <span class="o">[</span>Service<span class="o">]</span> <span class="nv">User</span><span class="o">=</span>analytics <span class="nv">Environment</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">PYTHONPATH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PYTHONPATH</span><span class="si">}</span>:/srv/deployment/analytics/refinery/python <span class="nv">ExecStart</span><span class="o">=</span>/usr/local/bin/kerberos-run-command<span class="w"> </span>analytics<span class="w"> </span>/srv/deployment/analytics/refinery/bin/refinery-drop-older-than<span class="w"> </span>--some </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Check_which_user_runs_a_timer" data-mw-thread-id="h-Check_which_user_runs_a_timer-Operations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Check_which_user_runs_a_timer-Operations"></span>Check which user runs a timer<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Check_which_user_runs_a_timer-Operations"></span></h3></div><p> Everything always starts with a <code>systemctl list-timers</code> (as explained above) to find the .timer unit to check. If we keep the stat1006 example above, let's say we want to check what user runs <code>reportupdater-cx.timer</code>: we'll need to inspect the related .service unit (since that one is the "real" command executed, the .timer one is only the cron-like definition and we don't care who runs it):</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>elukey@stat1006:~$<span class="w"> </span>systemctl<span class="w"> </span>cat<span class="w"> </span>reportupdater-cx <span class="c1"># /lib/systemd/system/reportupdater-cx.service</span> <span class="o">[</span>Unit<span class="o">]</span> <span class="nv">Description</span><span class="o">=</span>Report<span class="w"> </span>Updater<span class="w"> </span>job<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span>cx <span class="o">[</span>Service<span class="o">]</span> <span class="nv">User</span><span class="o">=</span>stats <span class="nv">SyslogIdentifier</span><span class="o">=</span>reportupdater-cx <span class="nv">ExecStart</span><span class="o">=</span>/usr/bin/python<span class="w"> </span>/srv/reportupdater/reportupdater/update_reports.py<span class="w"> </span>-l<span class="w"> </span>info<span class="w"> </span>/srv/reportupdater/jobs/limn-language-data/cx<span class="w"> </span>/srv/reportupdater/output/metrics/cx </pre></div><p>You need to look for the <code>User=something</code> definition. In this case, the unit is run by <code>stats</code>. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Disable_a_Systemd_timer" data-mw-thread-id="h-Disable_a_Systemd_timer-Operations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Disable_a_Systemd_timer-Operations"></span>Disable a Systemd timer<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Disable_a_Systemd_timer-Operations"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2211903"><div role="note" class="note note-warn">Very important: to keep the timer disabled/stopped puppet needs to be disabled for the time being.</div><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>systemctl<span class="w"> </span>disable<span class="w"> </span>name-of-the-timer.timer sudo<span class="w"> </span>systemctl<span class="w"> </span>stop<span class="w"> </span>name-of-the-timer.timer </pre></div><p>The former prevents the timer to be started after boot, the latter removes it from the regular scheduling. After you have done the above steps, verify with the following command that the timer is not listed anymore:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>systemctl<span class="w"> </span>list-timers<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">|</span><span class="w"> </span>grep<span class="w"> </span>name-of-the-timer </pre></div><p>Finally don't forget to <b>check if an icinga alarm was fired</b>, and follow the next section accordingly if needed. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shut_off_/_Reset_Icinga_alert_already_fired" data-mw-thread-id="h-Shut_off_/_Reset_Icinga_alert_already_fired-Operations"><span id="Shut_off_.2F_Reset_Icinga_alert_already_fired"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Shut_off_/_Reset_Icinga_alert_already_fired-Operations"></span>Shut off / Reset Icinga alert already fired<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Shut_off_/_Reset_Icinga_alert_already_fired-Operations"></span></h3></div><p> It might happen that an alert has fired for a timer but you just want to shut it off, because you have already been taken care of the problem (for example, executing a manual run, etc..). This is what is needed to do:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>systemctl<span class="w"> </span>reset-failed<span class="w"> </span>name-of-the-timer.service </pre></div><p>It is important to reset the service unit, not the timer one, since it is only the former that causes the alarm (the timer unit's state is not important at this stage). </p><p>In the case of timers that run multiple commands, like refinery-sqoop-whole-mediawiki, see if you can finish running the commands manually and reset the alert as above. There's nothing special about these timers that can help resume operation or anything like that. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Check_logs_for_a_systemd_timer" data-mw-thread-id="h-Check_logs_for_a_systemd_timer-Operations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Check_logs_for_a_systemd_timer-Operations"></span>Check logs for a systemd timer<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Check_logs_for_a_systemd_timer-Operations"></span></h3></div><p> The first step is always to use systemctl list-timers, as explained above, to gather the name of the timer to check. In the above stat1006 example, let's pick <code>reportupdater-cx.timer</code>. The logs will be available simply doing:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Note that we are not using the .timer unit, but the .service one!</span> <span class="c1"># The .service suffix is assumed if no one is specified.</span> sudo<span class="w"> </span>journalctl<span class="w"> </span>-u<span class="w"> </span>reportupdater-cx </pre></div><p>Usually for important jobs we log stuff to disk, since journald by default logs to a tmpfs partition (that stays in memory and gets flushed on each reboot). In order to see what is the log configuration, two things can be done: </p><ul><li>Check the puppet definition of the systemd timer, it will list the log directory.</li> <li>Check rsyslog.d configuration on the host itself.</li></ul><p> Example for the former:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-puppet mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">systemd</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="na">timer</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="na">job</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"reportupdater-${title}"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="na">ensure</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$ensure,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="na">description</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Report Updater job for ${title}"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="na">command</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"/usr/bin/python ${::reportupdater::path}/update_reports.py -l info ${query_path} ${output_path}"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="na">interval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'start'</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'OnCalendar'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'interval'</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$interval</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">user</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$::reportupdater::user,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="na">monitoring_enabled</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$monitoring_enabled,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="na">monitoring_contact_groups</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'analytics'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="na">logging_enabled</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">true</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="na">logfile_basedir</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$::reportupdater::log_path,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><==================</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="na">logfile_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'syslog.log'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="na">logfile_owner</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$::reportupdater::user,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="na">logfile_group</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$::reportupdater::user,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="na">logfile_perms</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'all'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="na">syslog_force_stop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">true</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="na">syslog_identifier</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"reportupdater-${title}"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div><p>About the latter: why rsyslog? Wasn't it journald? We have a rsyslog hooked in into journald so we can add specific rules to create log files. For example, let's check the <code>reportupdater-cx</code> job:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>elukey@stat1006:~$<span class="w"> </span>cat<span class="w"> </span>/etc/rsyslog.d/ <span class="m">10</span>-exporter.conf<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">20</span>-reportupdater-edit-beta-features.conf<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">20</span>-reportupdater-flow-beta-features.conf<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">20</span>-reportupdater-mt-engines.conf<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">20</span>-reportupdater-published-cx2-translations.conf <span class="m">10</span>-puppet-agent.conf<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">20</span>-reportupdater-ee-beta-features.conf<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">20</span>-reportupdater-flow.conf<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">20</span>-reportupdater-page-creation.conf<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">30</span>-remote-syslog.conf <span class="m">20</span>-reportupdater-cx.conf<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">20</span>-reportupdater-ee.conf<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">20</span>-reportupdater-language.conf<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">20</span>-reportupdater-pingback.conf<span class="w"> </span>README elukey@stat1006:~$<span class="w"> </span>cat<span class="w"> </span>/etc/rsyslog.d/20-reportupdater-cx.conf <span class="c1"># rsyslogd(8) configuration file for services.</span> <span class="c1"># This file is managed by Puppet.</span> :programname,<span class="w"> </span>startswith,<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"reportupdater-cx"</span><span class="w"> </span>/srv/reportupdater/log/reportupdater-cx/syslog.log <span class="p">&</span><span class="w"> </span>stop elukey@stat1006:~$<span class="w"> </span>ls<span class="w"> </span>-l<span class="w"> </span>/srv/reportupdater/log/reportupdater-cx/syslog.log -rw-r--r--<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span>stats<span class="w"> </span>stats<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">647027</span><span class="w"> </span>Mar<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">27</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">06</span>:00<span class="w"> </span>/srv/reportupdater/log/reportupdater-cx/syslog.log </pre></div><p>In this case, the journald logs are also replicated to <code>/srv/reportupdater/log/reportupdater-cx/syslog.log</code> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Failed_service_procedure_(ops_week)" data-mw-thread-id="h-Failed_service_procedure_(ops_week)"><span id="Failed_service_procedure_.28ops_week.29"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Failed_service_procedure_(ops_week)"></span>Failed service procedure (ops week)<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Failed_service_procedure_(ops_week)"></span></h2></div> <p>What to do when it's your ops week and an email has been sent to analytics-alert about a failed-timer? </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Checking_logs" data-mw-thread-id="h-Checking_logs-Failed_service_procedure_(ops_week)"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Checking_logs-Failed_service_procedure_(ops_week)"></span>Checking logs<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Checking_logs-Failed_service_procedure_(ops_week)"></span></h3></div> <p>Depending on jobs, logs are stored only in <code>journald</code> logs (see above), or split between <code>journald</code> and a log-file defined in the job command-line. </p><p>Usefull command: </p><p><code>sudo journalctl -u SERVICE_NAME</code> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Resetting_service_status_to_normal" data-mw-thread-id="h-Resetting_service_status_to_normal-Failed_service_procedure_(ops_week)"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Resetting_service_status_to_normal-Failed_service_procedure_(ops_week)"></span>Resetting service status to normal<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Resetting_service_status_to_normal-Failed_service_procedure_(ops_week)"></span></h3></div> <p>There are two options to reset a failed service to normal status (after investigation, potential correction etc): </p><p><a href="/wiki/Monitoring/systemd_unit_state" title="Monitoring/systemd unit state">Monitoring/systemd_unit_state</a> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Data_Platform/Systems/Managing_systemd_timers&oldid=2201923">https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Data_Platform/Systems/Managing_systemd_timers&oldid=2201923</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Data_platform" title="Category:Data platform">Data platform</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Data_platform_systems" title="Category:Data platform systems">Data platform systems</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 1 July 2024, at 20:04.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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