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class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Attribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Attribution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Iamblichus</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 44 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B3" title="يامبليخوس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="يامبليخوس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamblix" title="Yamblix – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yamblix" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%85" title="Ямблих – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ямблих" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%A0mblic_de_Calcis" title="Iàmblic de Calcis – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Iàmblic de Calcis" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iamblichos_z_Chalkidy" title="Iamblichos z Chalkidy – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Iamblichos z Chalkidy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iamblichos_von_Chalkis" title="Iamblichos von Chalkis – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Iamblichos von Chalkis" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iamblichos" title="Iamblichos – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Iamblichos" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%AC%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Ιάμβλιχος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιάμβλιχος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A1mblico" title="Jámblico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jámblico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jambliko" title="Jambliko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Jambliko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janbliko" title="Janbliko – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Janbliko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B3" title="یامبلیخوس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یامبلیخوس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamblique" title="Jamblique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jamblique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%A1mblico_de_Calcis" title="Iámblico de Calcis – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Iámblico de Calcis" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%95%94%EB%B8%94%EB%A6%AC%EC%BD%94%EC%8A%A4" title="이암블리코스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이암블리코스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%85%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%AC%D5%AB%D6%84%D5%B8%D5%BD" title="Յամբլիքոս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Յամբլիքոս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamblih" title="Jamblih – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Jamblih" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iamblikhos" title="Iamblikhos – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Iamblikhos" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamblicho" title="Jamblicho – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Jamblicho" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamblikkos" title="Jamblikkos – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Jamblikkos" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giamblico" title="Giamblico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Giamblico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%A1" title="יאמבליכוס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יאמבליכוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%90%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಐಯಾಂಬ್ಲಿಕಸ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಐಯಾಂಬ್ಲಿಕಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%85,_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Ямвлих, Халкидалык – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ямвлих, Халкидалык" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iamblichus" title="Iamblichus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Iamblichus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamblichas" title="Jamblichas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Jamblichas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iamblikhosz" title="Iamblikhosz – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Iamblikhosz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iamblik%C3%B4sy" title="Iamblikôsy – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Iamblikôsy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B3" title="يامبليخوس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="يامبليخوس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iamblichus_(filosoof)" title="Iamblichus (filosoof) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Iamblichus (filosoof)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AD%E3%82%B9%E3%81%AE%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%96%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B9" title="カルキスのイアンブリコス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カルキスのイアンブリコス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamblikos" title="Jamblikos – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jamblikos" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamblich" title="Jamblich – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jamblich" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A2mblico" title="Jâmblico – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jâmblico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%85" title="Ямвлих – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ямвлих" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iamblichos_z_Chalkidy" title="Iamblichos z Chalkidy – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Iamblichos z Chalkidy" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamblih_iz_Halkide" title="Jamblih iz Halkide – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Jamblih iz Halkide" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%85" title="Јамвлих – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јамвлих" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamblih" title="Jamblih – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Jamblih" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iamblikhos" title="Iamblikhos – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Iamblikhos" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iamblichos_fr%C3%A5n_Chalkis" title="Iamblichos från Chalkis – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Iamblichos från Chalkis" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0amblihos" title="İamblihos – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İamblihos" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%85" title="Ямвліх – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ямвліх" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A5%8A%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF" title="楊布里科斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="楊布里科斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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<div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Syrian Neoplatonist philosopher (c. 245 – c. 325)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named Iamblichus, see <a href="/wiki/Iamblichus_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Iamblichus (disambiguation)">Iamblichus (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_footnotes_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes_needed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but <b>it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Iamblichus</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Iamblichus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Iamblichus.jpg/220px-Iamblichus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Iamblichus.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="325" data-file-height="473" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 245</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Chalcis_ad_Belum" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalcis ad Belum">Chalcis ad Belum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 325</span> (aged <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 80)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Iamblichus Chalcidensis, Iamblichus of Chalcis, Iamblichus of Apamea</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Notable work</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i>On the Pythagorean Way of Life</i> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Περὶ τοῦ πυθαγορικοῦ βίου</span></span>; <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">De vita pythagorica</i></span>), <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Protrepticus</i></span> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Προτρεπτικὸς ἐπὶ φιλοσοφίαν</span></span>), <i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Mysteries_of_the_Egyptians,_Chaldeans,_and_Assyrians" title="On the Mysteries of the Egyptians, Chaldeans, and Assyrians">On the Egyptian Mysteries</a></i> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Περὶ τῶν αἰγυπτίων μυστηρίων</span></span>; <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">De Mysteriis Aegyptiorum</i></span>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Era</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_philosophy" title="Ancient philosophy">Ancient philosophy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Western_philosophy" title="Western philosophy">Western philosophy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_of_philosophy" class="mw-redirect" title="List of schools of philosophy">School</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Main interests</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Metaphysics" title="Metaphysics">Metaphysics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philosophical_cosmology" class="mw-redirect" title="Philosophical cosmology">philosophical cosmology</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Iamblichus</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">eye-<span style="font-size:90%">AM</span>-blik-əs</i></a>; <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248666159">.mw-parser-output .tfd-dated{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .tfd-default{border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);clear:both;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tfd-tiny{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .tfd-inline{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}.mw-parser-output .tfd-sidebar{border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;position:relative}@media(min-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .tfd-sidebar{clear:right;float:right;width:22em}}</style><span class="tfd tfd-dated tfd-tiny"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_November_12#Template:Lang-grc-gre" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 November 12">‹See Tfd›</a></span><a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Ἰάμβλιχος</span></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Greek" title="Romanization of Greek">translit.</a></small> <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn"><i>Iámblichos</i></i></span>; <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a>: يَمْلِكُ, romanized: <i>Yamlīkū;</i> <a href="/wiki/Aramaic" title="Aramaic">Aramaic</a>: <span lang="arc" dir="rtl">𐡉𐡌𐡋𐡊𐡅</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Imperial Aramaic-language romanization"><i lang="arc-Latn">Yamlīkū</i></span>;<sup id="cite_ref-Aydin2016_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aydin2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 245<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 325</span>) was a <a href="/wiki/Coele_Syria_(Roman_province)" title="Coele Syria (Roman province)">Syrian</a> <a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">neoplatonic</a> <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Roman_philosophy" title="Ancient Roman philosophy">philosopher</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He determined a direction later taken by neoplatonism. Iamblichus was also the biographer of the Greek mystic, philosopher, and mathematician <a href="/wiki/Pythagoras" title="Pythagoras">Pythagoras</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to his philosophical contributions, his <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Protrepticus</i></span> is important for the study of the <a href="/wiki/Sophist" title="Sophist">sophists</a> because it preserved about ten pages of an otherwise unknown sophist known as the Anonymus Iamblichi.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iamblichus&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Suda" title="Suda">Suda</a></i></span> and Iamblichus' biographer, <a href="/wiki/Eunapius" title="Eunapius">Eunapius</a>, Iamblichus was born in Chalcis (later called <a href="/wiki/Qinnasrin" title="Qinnasrin">Qinnašrīn</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Coele_Syria_(Roman_province)" title="Coele Syria (Roman province)">Coele</a>, now in northwest <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911213_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESorley1911213-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Iamblichus was descended from the <a href="/wiki/Emesene_dynasty" title="Emesene dynasty">Emesene dynasty</a>. He initially studied under <a href="/wiki/Anatolius_of_Laodicea" title="Anatolius of Laodicea">Anatolius of Laodicea</a> and later studied under <a href="/wiki/Porphyry_(philosopher)" title="Porphyry (philosopher)">Porphyry</a>, a pupil of <a href="/wiki/Plotinus" title="Plotinus">Plotinus</a> (the founder of neoplatonism). Iamblichus disagreed with Porphyry about <a href="/wiki/Theurgy" title="Theurgy">theurgy</a>, reportedly responding to Porphyry's criticism of the practice in <i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Mysteries_of_the_Egyptians,_Chaldeans,_and_Assyrians" title="On the Mysteries of the Egyptians, Chaldeans, and Assyrians">On the Mysteries of the Egyptians, Chaldeans, and Assyrians</a></i>. </p><p>He returned to Coele Syria around 304 to found a school in <a href="/wiki/Apamea,_Syria" title="Apamea, Syria">Apamea</a> (near <a href="/wiki/Antioch" title="Antioch">Antioch</a>), a city known for its neoplatonic philosophers. Iamblichus designed a curriculum for studying <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>, and wrote commentaries on the two which survive only in fragments. <a href="/wiki/Pythagoras" title="Pythagoras">Pythagoras</a> was his supreme authority, and he wrote the ten-volume <i>Collection of Pythagorean Doctrines</i> with extracts from several ancient philosophers; only the first four volumes and fragments of the fifth survive.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Iamblichus wrote the <i>Exhortation to Philosophy</i> in Apamea during the early fourth century.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Considered a man of great culture and learning, he was renowned for his charity and self-denial and had a number of students. According to <a href="/wiki/Johann_Albert_Fabricius" title="Johann Albert Fabricius">Johann Albert Fabricius</a>, he died sometime before 333 during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911213_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESorley1911213-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philosophy">Philosophy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iamblichus&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Philosophy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Iamblichus detailed <a href="/wiki/Plotinus" title="Plotinus">Plotinus</a>' neoplatonic formal divisions, applied Pythagorean number symbolism more systematically, and (influenced by other Asian systems) interpreted neoplatonic concepts mythically.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShaw2006_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShaw2006-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911213_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESorley1911213-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike Plotinus, who broke from platonic tradition by positing a separate soul, Iamblichus re-affirmed the soul's embodiment in matter and believed that matter was as divine as the rest of the cosmos.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShaw2006_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShaw2006-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cosmology_and_theology">Cosmology and theology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iamblichus&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cosmology and theology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism#Iamblichus" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonism § Iamblichus</a></div> <p>Iamblichus placed the <a href="/wiki/Monad_(philosophy)" title="Monad (philosophy)">Monad</a> at the head of his system, from which emanates the <i><a href="/wiki/Nous#Plotinus_and_Neoplatonism" title="Nous">Nous</a></i> (intellect, or <a href="/wiki/Demiurge" title="Demiurge">demiurge</a>) and the <i><a href="/wiki/Soul#Socrates_and_Plato" title="Soul">psyche</a></i>. Plotinus represented the <i>Nous</i> as three stages: objective being, subjective life, and realized intellect. Iamblichus divided them into two spheres: intelligible (the objects of thought) and intellective (the domain of thought).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911213–214_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESorley1911213–214-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Iamblichus and <a href="/wiki/Proclus" title="Proclus">Proclus</a> may have introduced a third sphere between the two worlds, separating and uniting them.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The identification of <i>nous</i> with the demiurge in the neoplatonic tradition was adopted and developed in Christian <a href="/wiki/Gnosticism" title="Gnosticism">gnosticism</a>. <a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine of Hippo</a> follows Plotinus, identifying the <i>nous</i> with <i><a href="/wiki/Logos" title="Logos">logos</a></i> (the creative principle) as part of the <a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911214_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESorley1911214-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Iamblichus multiplied the number of divine entities according to universal <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematical</a> theorems. He conceived of gods, angels, demons and heroes: twelve heavenly gods (whose number increases to 36 or 360), 72 other gods proceeding from them, 21 chiefs and 42 nature-gods. His divine realm extends from the Monad to material nature, where the soul descends into matter and becomes embodied in human form. These superhuman beings influence natural events and communicate knowledge about the future, and are accessible with prayers and offerings. Iamblichus posited that numbers are independent, occupying a middle realm between the limited and unlimited.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911214_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESorley1911214-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He believed that nature was bound by <a href="/wiki/Destiny" title="Destiny">fate</a>, differing from divine things which are not subject to fate and turn <a href="/wiki/Evil" title="Evil">evil</a> and imperfection to good ends; evil was generated accidentally in the conflict between the finite and the <a href="/wiki/Infinity" title="Infinity">infinite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911214_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESorley1911214-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iamblichus&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Only a fraction of Iamblichus' books have survived; knowledge of his system is preserved in fragments of writings preserved by <a href="/wiki/Stobaeus" title="Stobaeus">Stobaeus</a> and others: notes by his successors (especially <a href="/wiki/Proclus" title="Proclus">Proclus</a>), his five extant books and sections of his work on <a href="/wiki/Pythagoreanism" title="Pythagoreanism">Pythagoreanism</a>. In addition to these, Proclus attributed to him the <i>On the Mysteries of the Egyptians, Chaldeans, and Assyrians</i>, also known as <i>The Theurgia</i>. Although stylistic and doctrinal differences exist between this book and Iamblichus' other works, it originated from his school at least.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911213_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESorley1911213-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Iamblichus also completed a coherent polytheist theological system under the Egyptian pseudonym <i>Abammon</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Editions_and_translations"><span class="anchor" id="List_of_editions_and_translations"></span>Editions and translations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iamblichus&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Editions and translations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>On the Mysteries</i> (<span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">De mysteriis</i></span>), ed. <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Parthey" title="Gustav Parthey">Gustav Parthey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teubner" class="mw-redirect" title="Teubner">Teubner</a>, 1857;<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ed. Edouard des Places, <a href="/wiki/Collection_Bud%C3%A9" title="Collection Budé">Collection Budé</a>, 1989. <ul><li>English translations: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Taylor_(neoplatonist)" title="Thomas Taylor (neoplatonist)">Thomas Taylor</a>, 1821;<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alexander Wilder, 1911;<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emma C. Clarke, <a href="/wiki/John_M._Dillon" title="John M. Dillon">John M. Dillon</a>, and Jackson P. Hershbell, 2003, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58983-058-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-58983-058-X">1-58983-058-X</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><i>The Life of Pythagoras</i><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>English translation: Thomas Taylor, 1818<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><i>On the Pythagorean Way of Life</i> (<span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">De vita pythagorica</i></span>), ed. Theophil Kießling, Leipzig, 1816;<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ed. <a href="/wiki/August_Nauck" class="mw-redirect" title="August Nauck">August Nauck</a>, St. Petersburg, 1884; ed. Ludwig Deubner, Teubner, 1937 (rev. Ulrich Klein, 1975). <ul><li>English translations: Gillian Clark, 1989, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85323-326-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-85323-326-8">0-85323-326-8</a>; <a href="/wiki/John_M._Dillon" title="John M. Dillon">John M. Dillon</a> and Jackson Hershbell, 1991, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55540-523-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-55540-523-1">1-55540-523-1</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>On General Mathematical Science</i> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Περὶ τῆς κοινῆς μαθηματικῆς ἐπιστήμης</span></span>, <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">De communi mathematica scientia</i></span>), ed. Nicola Festa, Teubner, 1891 (reprint 1975)<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Protrepticus</i>, ed. <a href="/wiki/Ermenegildo_Pistelli" title="Ermenegildo Pistelli">Ermenegildo Pistelli</a>, Teubner, 1888 (repr. 1975);<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ed. des Places, Budé, 1989. <ul><li>English translation: Thomas Moore Johnson, <i>Iamblichus' Exhortation to the Study of Philosophy</i>, Osceola, Mo., 1907 (repr. 1988, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-933999-63-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-933999-63-1">0-933999-63-1</a>).</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nicomachus#Introduction_to_Arithmetic" title="Nicomachus">In Nicomachi arithmeticam introductionem</a></i>, Teubner, ed. Pistelli, Teubner, 1894<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (rev. Klein, 1975)</li> <li>Letters: John M. Dillon and Wolfgang Polleichtner, <i>Iamblichus of Chalcis: The Letters</i>, 2009, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58983-161-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-58983-161-6">1-58983-161-6</a>.</li> <li>Fragmentary commentaries on Plato and Aristotle <ul><li>Bent Dalsgaard Larsen, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Jamblique de Chalcis: Exégète et philosophe</i></span> (vol. 2, appendix: <i>Testimonia et fragmenta exegetica</i>), Universitetsforlaget i Aarhus, 1972 (Greek texts only).</li> <li>John M. Dillon (ed. and trans.), <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Iamblichi Chalcidensis in Platonis dialogos commentariorum fragmenta</i></span>, Leiden: Brill, 1973.</li> <li>John F. Finamore and John M. Dillon, <i>Iamblichus' De Anima: Text, Translation, and Commentary</i>, Leiden: Brill, 2002, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58983-468-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-58983-468-2">1-58983-468-2</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><i>Theological Principles of Arithmetic</i> (<i>Theologumena arithmeticae</i>, an anonymous work ascribed to Iamblichus or <a href="/wiki/Anatolius_of_Laodicea" title="Anatolius of Laodicea">Anatolius of Laodicea</a>), ed. <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ast" class="mw-redirect" title="Friedrich Ast">Friedrich Ast</a>, Leipzig, 1817; ed. Vittorio de Falco, Teubner, 1922. <ul><li>English translation: <a href="/wiki/Robin_Waterfield" title="Robin Waterfield">Robin Waterfield</a>, Pseudo-Iamblichus: <i>The Theology of Arithmetic</i>, translation, introduction, notes; foreword by K. Critchlow, Phanes Press, 1988, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-933999-72-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-933999-72-0">0-933999-72-0</a>.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iamblichus&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Iamblichus was praised by his followers, and contemporaries credited him with <a href="/wiki/Miracle" title="Miracle">miraculous</a> powers. The Roman emperor <a href="/wiki/Julian_(emperor)" title="Julian (emperor)">Julian</a>, not content with Eunapius' modest eulogy that Iamblichus was inferior to Porphyry only in style, regarded him as second only to Plato and said that he would give all the gold in <a href="/wiki/Lydia" title="Lydia">Lydia</a> for one of his letters. During the 15th- and 16th-century revival of interest in his philosophy, Iamblichus' name was rarely mentioned without the epithet "divine" or "most divine".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911213_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESorley1911213-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iamblichus&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henotheism" title="Henotheism">Henotheism</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iamblichus&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDillon2009" class="citation book cs1">Dillon, John M. (2009). <i>Iamblichi Chalcidensis in Platonis Dialogos Commentariorum Fragmenta</i> (Revised Second ed.). Wiltshire, UK: The Prometheus Trust. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-898910-45-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-898910-45-9"><bdi>978-1-898910-45-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Iamblichi+Chalcidensis+in+Platonis+Dialogos+Commentariorum+Fragmenta&rft.place=Wiltshire%2C+UK&rft.pages=3&rft.edition=Revised+Second&rft.pub=The+Prometheus+Trust&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-898910-45-9&rft.aulast=Dillon&rft.aufirst=John+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aydin2016-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Aydin2016_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSami_Aydin2016" class="citation book cs1">Sami Aydin (29 August 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=S_I6DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA183"><i>Sergius of Reshaina: Introduction to Aristotle and his Categories, Addressed to Philotheos</i></a>. BRILL. pp. 183–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-32514-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-32514-2"><bdi>978-90-04-32514-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1001224459">1001224459</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sergius+of+Reshaina%3A+Introduction+to+Aristotle+and+his+Categories%2C+Addressed+to+Philotheos&rft.pages=183-&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2016-08-29&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1001224459&rft.isbn=978-90-04-32514-2&rft.au=Sami+Aydin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DS_I6DQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA183&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gawlikowski, M. The Journal of Roman Studies, vol. 84, [Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies, Cambridge University Press], 1994, pp. 244–46, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.2307/300919">https://doi.org/10.2307/300919</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDillon2009" class="citation book cs1">Dillon, John M. (2009). <i>Iamblichi Chalcidensis in Platonis Dialogos Commentariorum Fragmenta</i> (Revised Second ed.). Wiltshire, UK: The Prometheus Trust. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-898910-45-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-898910-45-9"><bdi>978-1-898910-45-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Iamblichi+Chalcidensis+in+Platonis+Dialogos+Commentariorum+Fragmenta&rft.place=Wiltshire%2C+UK&rft.pages=3&rft.edition=Revised+Second&rft.pub=The+Prometheus+Trust&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-898910-45-9&rft.aulast=Dillon&rft.aufirst=John+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraindorGrégoire1999" class="citation book cs1">Graindor, Paul; Grégoire, Henri (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D0FoAAAAMAAJ"><i>Byzantion: Revue Internationale Des Études Byzantines</i></a>. Fondation Byzantine.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Byzantion%3A+Revue+Internationale+Des+%C3%89tudes+Byzantines&rft.pub=Fondation+Byzantine&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Graindor&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Gr%C3%A9goire%2C+Henri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DD0FoAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIamblichus1986" class="citation book cs1">Iamblichus (December 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EB5UvHrdMpsC"><i>Iamblichus' Life of Pythagoras</i></a>. Inner Traditions / Bear & Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780892811526" title="Special:BookSources/9780892811526"><bdi>9780892811526</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Iamblichus%27+Life+of+Pythagoras&rft.pub=Inner+Traditions+%2F+Bear+%26+Co&rft.date=1986-12&rft.isbn=9780892811526&rft.au=Iamblichus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEB5UvHrdMpsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIamblichusTaylor1918" class="citation book cs1">Iamblichus, ca 250-ca 330; Taylor, Thomas (1918). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifeofpythagoras00iamb"><i>The life of Pythagoras;</i></a>. Internet Archive. Krotona; Hollywood, Calif. : Theosophical Pub. House.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+life+of+Pythagoras%3B&rft.pub=Krotona%3B+Hollywood%2C+Calif.+%3A+Theosophical+Pub.+House&rft.date=1918&rft.aulast=Iamblichus&rft.aufirst=ca+250-ca+330&rft.au=Taylor%2C+Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flifeofpythagoras00iamb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">B. Cassin, 'Anonymus Iamblichi', in <a href="/wiki/Brill%27s_New_Pauly" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill's New Pauly">Brill's New Pauly</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClarkeDillonHershbell2003" class="citation book cs1">Clarke, E.C.; Dillon, J.M.; Hershbell, J.P. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UJuDa8G7RikC"><i>De Mysteriis</i></a>. Society of Biblical Literature: Writings from the Greco-Roman world. Society of Biblical Literature. p. xviii. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58983-058-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58983-058-5"><bdi>978-1-58983-058-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 November</span> 2023</span>. <q>Eunapius reports (Vit. soph. 457) that Iamblichus was born in Chalcis "in Coele (Syria)." After Septimus Severus's division of the Syrian command in 194 C.W., this refers not to southern but to northern Syria, and so the Chalcis in question must be Chalcis ad Belum, modern Qinnesrin, a strategically important town to the east of the Orontes valley, on the road from Beroea (Aleppo) to Apamea, and from Antioch to the East.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=De+Mysteriis&rft.series=Society+of+Biblical+Literature%3A+Writings+from+the+Greco-Roman+world&rft.pages=xviii&rft.pub=Society+of+Biblical+Literature&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-58983-058-5&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=E.C.&rft.au=Dillon%2C+J.M.&rft.au=Hershbell%2C+J.P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUJuDa8G7RikC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span> The son of a wealthy, well-known family,</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESorley1911213-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911213_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911213_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911213_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911213_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911213_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSorley1911">Sorley (1911)</a>, p. 213.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnthon1841" class="citation book cs1">Anthon, C. (1841). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RqFVAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA655"><i>A Classical Dictionary: containing an account of the principal proper names mentioned in ancient authors ... Together with an account of coins, weights and measures, etc</i></a>. Harper & Bros<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Classical+Dictionary%3A+containing+an+account+of+the+principal+proper+names+mentioned+in+ancient+authors+...+Together+with+an+account+of+coins%2C+weights+and+measures%2C+etc&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Bros.&rft.date=1841&rft.aulast=Anthon&rft.aufirst=C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRqFVAAAAcAAJ%26pg%3DPA655&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.protrepticus.info/2014/04/introduction-to-iamblichus-exhortation.html">"Introduction to Iamblichus' Exhortation to Philosophy (upcoming talk)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+Iamblichus%27+Exhortation+to+Philosophy+%28upcoming+talk%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.protrepticus.info%2F2014%2F04%2Fintroduction-to-iamblichus-exhortation.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShaw2006-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShaw2006_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShaw2006_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShaw2006">Shaw (2006)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESorley1911213–214-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911213–214_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSorley1911">Sorley (1911)</a>, pp. 213–214.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Meara', Dominic J. <i>Pythagoras Revived: Mathematics and Philosophy in Late Antiquity</i>, Oxford University Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGundelBrissonFusilloGalli2006" class="citation cs2">Gundel, Hans Georg (Gießen); Brisson, Luc (Paris); Fusillo, Massimo (L'Aquila); Galli, Lucia (Florence) (1 October 2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/*-e520890">"Iamblichus"</a>, <i>Brill's New Pauly</i>, Brill, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1574-9347_bnp_e520890">10.1163/1574-9347_bnp_e520890</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brill%27s+New+Pauly&rft.atitle=Iamblichus&rft.date=2006-10-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1574-9347_bnp_e520890&rft.aulast=Gundel&rft.aufirst=Hans+Georg+%28Gie%C3%9Fen%29&rft.au=Brisson%2C+Luc+%28Paris%29&rft.au=Fusillo%2C+Massimo+%28L%27Aquila%29&rft.au=Galli%2C+Lucia+%28Florence%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fentries%2Fbrill-s-new-pauly%2F%2A-e520890&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESorley1911214-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911214_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911214_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESorley1911214_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSorley1911">Sorley (1911)</a>, p. 214.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Garth_Fowden" title="Garth Fowden">Fowden, Garth</a> (2000) [1999]. "Religious Communities". In Bowersock, G. W.; Brown, Peter; Grabar, Oleg (eds.). Late Antiquity: A Guide to the Postclassical World. <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press</a>. pp. 85-86. ISBN 0-674-51173-5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIamblichus1857" class="citation web cs1">Iamblichus (1857). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BKACAAAAMAAJ">"De mysteriis liber"</a>. <i>Google Books</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Google+Books&rft.atitle=De+mysteriis+liber&rft.date=1857&rft.au=Iamblichus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBKACAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIamblichusPorphyry" class="citation book cs1">Iamblichus; Porphyry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wb8vAAAAYAAJ"><i>Iamblichus on the Mysteries of the Egyptians, Chaldeans, and Assyrians</i></a>. C. Whittingham. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780608371542" title="Special:BookSources/9780608371542"><bdi>9780608371542</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Iamblichus+on+the+Mysteries+of+the+Egyptians%2C+Chaldeans%2C+and+Assyrians&rft.pub=C.+Whittingham&rft.isbn=9780608371542&rft.au=Iamblichus&rft.au=Porphyry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dwb8vAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141121164922/http://ars-theurgica.org/taylor_on_the_mysteries.html">"On the Mysteries - Translated by Thomas Taylor"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ars-theurgica.org/taylor_on_the_mysteries.html">the original</a> on 21 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=On+the+Mysteries+-+Translated+by+Thomas+Taylor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fars-theurgica.org%2Ftaylor_on_the_mysteries.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/theurgiaoregypt00wildgoog">"Theurgia, Or The Egyptian Mysteries"</a>. <i>Internet Archive</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Theurgia%2C+Or+The+Egyptian+Mysteries&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftheurgiaoregypt00wildgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.esotericarchives.com/oracle/iambl_th.htm">"Iamblichus: Theurgia or On the Mysteries of Egypt"</a>. <i>esotericarchives.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010412213611/http://www.esotericarchives.com/oracle/iambl_th.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 12 April 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=esotericarchives.com&rft.atitle=Iamblichus%3A+Theurgia+or+On+the+Mysteries+of+Egypt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.esotericarchives.com%2Foracle%2Fiambl_th.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifeofpythagoras00iamb">"The Life of Pythagoras"</a>. <i>Internet Archive</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=The+Life+of+Pythagoras&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flifeofpythagoras00iamb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/b29318610/page/n8/mode/1up">"Iamblichus' Life of Pythagoras or Pythagoric Life"</a>. <i>Internet Archive</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Iamblichus%27+Life+of+Pythagoras+or+Pythagoric+Life&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fb29318610%2Fpage%2Fn8%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/iamblichichalci00kegoog">"Iamblichi Chalcidensis ex Coele-Syria De vita Pythagorica liber : Graece et Latine"</a>. <i>Internet Archive</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Iamblichi+Chalcidensis+ex+Coele-Syria+De+vita+Pythagorica+liber+%3A+Graece+et+Latine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fiamblichichalci00kegoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIamblichus1891" class="citation web cs1">Iamblichus (1891). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2NkfAAAAMAAJ">"Iamblichi De communi mathematica scientia liber"</a>. <i>Google Books</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Google+Books&rft.atitle=Iamblichi+De+communi+mathematica+scientia+liber&rft.date=1891&rft.au=Iamblichus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2NkfAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF(Chalcidensis)1888" class="citation web cs1">(Chalcidensis), Jamblichus (1888). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=f7wOAAAAIAAJ">"Protrepticus"</a>. <i>Google Books</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Google+Books&rft.atitle=Protrepticus&rft.date=1888&rft.aulast=%28Chalcidensis%29&rft.aufirst=Jamblichus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Df7wOAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIamblichus" class="citation book cs1">Iamblichus. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MKUNAAAAIAAJ"><i>In Nicomachi arithmeticam introductionem liber</i></a>. B. G. Teubner. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783519014447" title="Special:BookSources/9783519014447"><bdi>9783519014447</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+Nicomachi+arithmeticam+introductionem+liber&rft.pub=B.+G.+Teubner&rft.isbn=9783519014447&rft.au=Iamblichus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMKUNAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iamblichus&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChiaradonna,_Riccardo;_Lecerf,_Adrien" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Chiaradonna, Riccardo; Lecerf, Adrien. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/iamblichus/">"Iamblichus"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Edward_N._Zalta" title="Edward N. Zalta">Zalta, Edward N.</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Stanford_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy" title="Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy">Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Iamblichus&rft.btitle=Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.au=Chiaradonna%2C+Riccardo%3B+Lecerf%2C+Adrien&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Fentries%2Fiamblichus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFowden1986" class="citation book cs1">Fowden, Garth (1986). <i>The Egyptian Hermes: A Historical Approach to the Late Pagan Mind</i>. Princeton: Princeton University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Egyptian+Hermes%3A+A+Historical+Approach+to+the+Late+Pagan+Mind&rft.place=Princeton&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Fowden&rft.aufirst=Garth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span> (has an excellent section on Iamblichus' and the Neoplatonists' relation to the works attributed to <a href="/wiki/Hermes_Trismegistus" title="Hermes Trismegistus">Hermes Trismegistus</a>)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeorge1999" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">George, Roy (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.goddess-athena.org/Encyclopedia/Friends/Iamblichus/index.htm">"Iamblichus"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of the Goddess Athena</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Iamblichus&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Goddess+Athena&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=Roy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.goddess-athena.org%2FEncyclopedia%2FFriends%2FIamblichus%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Hartmann, Udo (2018). <i>Der spätantike Philosoph. Die Lebenswelten der paganen Gelehrten und ihre hagiographische Ausgestaltung in den Philosophenviten von Porphyrios bis Damaskios</i> [The late antique philosopher. The lifeworlds of pagan scholars and their hagiographic treatment in the philosophical vitae from Porphyrius to Damascius]. 3 volumes. Bonn: Habelt, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-7749-4172-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-7749-4172-4">978-3-7749-4172-4</a>, pp. 497-544.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKalvesmaki" class="citation book cs1">Kalvesmaki, Joel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.chs.harvard.edu/CHS/article/display/6300.joel-kalvesmaki-the-theology-of-arithmetic-number-symbolism-in-platonism-and-early-christianity"><i>The Theology of Arithmetic: Number Symbolism in Platonism and Early Christianity</i></a>. Hellenic Studies Series. Vol. 59. Washington, DC: <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Hellenic_Studies" title="Center for Hellenic Studies">Center for Hellenic Studies</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Theology+of+Arithmetic%3A+Number+Symbolism+in+Platonism+and+Early+Christianity&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.series=Hellenic+Studies+Series&rft.pub=Center+for+Hellenic+Studies&rft.aulast=Kalvesmaki&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.chs.harvard.edu%2FCHS%2Farticle%2Fdisplay%2F6300.joel-kalvesmaki-the-theology-of-arithmetic-number-symbolism-in-platonism-and-early-christianity&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2005" class="citation journal cs1">Moore, Edward (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080611065643/http://www.theandros.com/iamblichus.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Likeness to God as Far as Possible': Deification Doctrine in Iamblichus and Three Eastern Christian Fathers"</a>. <i>Theandros</i>. <b>3</b> (1). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theandros.com/iamblichus.html">the original</a> on 11 June 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Theandros&rft.atitle=%27Likeness+to+God+as+Far+as+Possible%27%3A+Deification+Doctrine+in+Iamblichus+and+Three+Eastern+Christian+Fathers&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theandros.com%2Fiamblichus.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShaw1995" class="citation book cs1">Shaw, Gregory (1995). <i>Theurgy and the Soul: The <a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonism</a> of Iamblichus</i>. Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theurgy+and+the+Soul%3A+The+Neoplatonism+of+Iamblichus&rft.place=Pennsylvania&rft.pub=Pennsylvania+State+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShaw2006" class="citation book cs1">Shaw, Gregory (2006). "Neoplatonism I: Antiquity". In Hanegraff, Wouter J. (ed.). <i>Dictionary of Gnosis & Western Esotericism</i>. Leiden & Boston: Brill. pp. 834–835.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Neoplatonism+I%3A+Antiquity&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Gnosis+%26+Western+Esotericism&rft.place=Leiden+%26+Boston&rft.pages=834-835&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiorvanes1998" class="citation web cs1">Siorvanes, Lucas (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.muslimphilosophy.com/ip/rep/A062.htm">"Iamblichus"</a>. Routledge – via MuslimPhilosophy.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iamblichus&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Siorvanes&rft.aufirst=Lucas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.muslimphilosophy.com%2Fip%2Frep%2FA062.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Attribution">Attribution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iamblichus&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Attribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSorley1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Ritchie_Sorley" title="William Ritchie Sorley">Sorley, William Ritchie</a> (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Iamblichus_(philosopher)" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Iamblichus (philosopher)">Iamblichus, the chief representative of Syrian Neoplatonism</a>". In <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 14 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 213–215.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Iamblichus%2C+the+chief+representative+of+Syrian+Neoplatonism&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=213-215&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Sorley&rft.aufirst=William+Ritchie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIamblichus" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iamblichus&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudoxus_of_Cnidus" title="Eudoxus of Cnidus">Eudoxus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_of_Opus" title="Philip of Opus">Philip of Opus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristonymus_of_Athens" title="Aristonymus of Athens">Aristonymus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coriscus_of_Scepsis" title="Coriscus of Scepsis">Coriscus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Erastus_of_Scepsis" title="Erastus of Scepsis">Erastus of Scepsis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrius_of_Amphipolis" title="Demetrius of Amphipolis">Demetrius of Amphipolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euaeon_of_Lampsacus" title="Euaeon of Lampsacus">Euaeon of Lampsacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraclides_of_Aenus" title="Heraclides of Aenus">Heraclides</a> and <a href="/wiki/Python_of_Aenus" title="Python of Aenus">Python of Aenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hestiaeus_of_Perinthus" title="Hestiaeus of Perinthus">Hestiaeus of Perinthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lastheneia_of_Mantinea" title="Lastheneia of Mantinea">Lastheneia of Mantinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timolaus_of_Cyzicus" title="Timolaus of Cyzicus">Timolaus of Cyzicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speusippus" title="Speusippus">Speusippus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axiothea_of_Phlius" title="Axiothea of Phlius">Axiothea of Phlius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraclides_Ponticus" title="Heraclides Ponticus">Heraclides Ponticus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menedemus_of_Pyrrha" title="Menedemus of Pyrrha">Menedemus of Pyrrha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenocrates" title="Xenocrates">Xenocrates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crantor" title="Crantor">Crantor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polemon_(scholarch)" title="Polemon (scholarch)">Polemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crates_of_Athens" title="Crates of Athens">Crates of Athens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Academic_skepticism" title="Academic skepticism">Skeptics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Middle</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arcesilaus" title="Arcesilaus">Arcesilaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocles_of_Cnidus" title="Diocles of Cnidus">Diocles of Cnidus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacydes_of_Cyrene" title="Lacydes of Cyrene">Lacydes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecles" title="Telecles">Telecles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Evander_(philosopher)" title="Evander (philosopher)">Evander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegesinus_of_Pergamon" title="Hegesinus of Pergamon">Hegesinus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carneades" title="Carneades">Carneades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagnon_of_Tarsus" title="Hagnon of Tarsus">Hagnon of Tarsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metrodorus_of_Stratonicea" title="Metrodorus of Stratonicea">Metrodorus of Stratonicea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clitomachus_(philosopher)" title="Clitomachus (philosopher)">Clitomachus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charmadas" title="Charmadas">Charmadas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeschines_of_Neapolis" title="Aeschines of Neapolis">Aeschines of Neapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philo_of_Larissa" title="Philo of Larissa">Philo of Larissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dio_of_Alexandria" title="Dio of Alexandria">Dio of Alexandria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Platonism" title="Middle Platonism">Middle Platonists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antiochus_of_Ascalon" title="Antiochus of Ascalon">Antiochus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudorus_of_Alexandria" title="Eudorus of Alexandria">Eudorus of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philo" title="Philo">Philo of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Martyr" title="Justin Martyr">Justin Martyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaius_the_Platonist" title="Gaius the Platonist">Gaius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albinus_(philosopher)" title="Albinus (philosopher)">Albinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcinous_(philosopher)" title="Alcinous (philosopher)">Alcinous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Peloplaton" title="Alexander Peloplaton">Alexander Peloplaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apuleius" title="Apuleius">Apuleius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atticus_(philosopher)" title="Atticus (philosopher)">Atticus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_of_Tyre" title="Maximus of Tyre">Maximus of Tyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numenius_of_Apamea" title="Numenius of Apamea">Numenius of Apamea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammonius_Saccas" title="Ammonius Saccas">Ammonius Saccas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Longinus_(philosopher)" title="Cassius Longinus (philosopher)">Longinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Alexandria" title="Clement of Alexandria">Clement of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origen" title="Origen">Origen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origen_the_Pagan" title="Origen the Pagan">Origen the Pagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcidius" title="Calcidius">Calcidius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plotinus" title="Plotinus">Plotinus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_students_of_Plotinus" title="List of students of Plotinus">Students</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amelius" title="Amelius">Amelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porphyry_(philosopher)" title="Porphyry (philosopher)">Porphyry</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Iamblichus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopater_of_Apamea" title="Sopater of Apamea">Sopater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eustathius_of_Cappadocia" title="Eustathius of Cappadocia">Eustathius of Cappadocia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosipatra" title="Sosipatra">Sosipatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aedesius" title="Aedesius">Aedesius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dexippus_(philosopher)" title="Dexippus (philosopher)">Dexippus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysanthius" title="Chrysanthius">Chrysanthius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodorus_of_Asine" title="Theodorus of Asine">Theodorus of Asine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_(emperor)" title="Julian (emperor)">Julian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salutius" title="Salutius">Salutius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_of_Ephesus" title="Maximus of Ephesus">Maximus of Ephesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebius_of_Myndus" title="Eusebius of Myndus">Eusebius of Myndus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priscus_of_Epirus" title="Priscus of Epirus">Priscus of Epirus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoninus_(philosopher)" title="Antoninus (philosopher)">Antoninus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypatia" title="Hypatia">Hypatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Marius_Victorinus" title="Gaius Marius Victorinus">Gaius Marius Victorinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macrobius" title="Macrobius">Macrobius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boethius" title="Boethius">Boethius</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Academy" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plutarch_of_Athens" title="Plutarch of Athens">Plutarch of Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asclepigenia" title="Asclepigenia">Asclepigenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierocles_of_Alexandria" title="Hierocles of Alexandria">Hierocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrianus" title="Syrianus">Syrianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermias_(philosopher)" title="Hermias (philosopher)">Hermias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aedesia" title="Aedesia">Aedesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclus" title="Proclus">Proclus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marinus_of_Neapolis" title="Marinus of Neapolis">Marinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidore_of_Alexandria" title="Isidore of Alexandria">Isidore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammonius_Hermiae" title="Ammonius Hermiae">Ammonius Hermiae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asclepiodotus_of_Alexandria" title="Asclepiodotus of Alexandria">Asclepiodotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegias" title="Hegias">Hegias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenodotus_(philosopher)" title="Zenodotus (philosopher)">Zenodotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agapius_of_Athens" title="Agapius of Athens">Agapius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damascius" title="Damascius">Damascius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simplicius_of_Cilicia" title="Simplicius of Cilicia">Simplicius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priscian_of_Lydia" title="Priscian of Lydia">Priscian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Philoponus" title="John Philoponus">John Philoponus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympiodorus_the_Younger" title="Olympiodorus the Younger">Olympiodorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_the_Invincible" title="David the Invincible">David the Invincible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Dionysius_the_Areopagite" title="Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite">Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medieval</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Scotus_Eriugena" title="John Scotus Eriugena">John Scotus Eriugena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Farabi" title="Al-Farabi">Al-Farabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anselm_of_Canterbury" title="Anselm of Canterbury">Anselm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Abelard" title="Peter Abelard">Peter Abelard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_of_Chartres" title="Bernard of Chartres">Bernard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_de_la_Porr%C3%A9e" title="Gilbert de la Porrée">Gilbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thierry_of_Chartres" title="Thierry of Chartres">Thierry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Ghent" title="Henry of Ghent">Henry of Ghent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonaventure" title="Bonaventure">Bonaventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodoric_of_Freiberg" title="Theodoric of Freiberg">Theodoric of Freiberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meister_Eckhart" title="Meister Eckhart">Meister Eckhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berthold_of_Moosburg" title="Berthold of Moosburg">Berthold of Moosburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_of_Venice" title="Paul of Venice">Paul of Venice</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Platonism_in_the_Renaissance" title="Platonism in the Renaissance">Renaissance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Florentine_Academy" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Platonic_Academy_(Florence)" title="Platonic Academy (Florence)">Florentine Academy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gemistos_Plethon" title="Gemistos Plethon">Plethon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsilio_Ficino" title="Marsilio Ficino">Marsilio Ficino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristoforo_Landino" title="Cristoforo Landino">Cristoforo Landino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Pico_della_Mirandola" title="Giovanni Pico della Mirandola">Giovanni Pico della Mirandola</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giordano_Bruno" title="Giordano Bruno">Giordano Bruno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaise_Pascal" title="Blaise Pascal">Blaise Pascal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Platonists" title="Cambridge Platonists">Cambridge</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Cudworth" title="Ralph Cudworth">Ralph Cudworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_More" title="Henry More">Henry More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Conway_(philosopher)" title="Anne Conway (philosopher)">Anne Conway</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Taylor_(neoplatonist)" title="Thomas Taylor (neoplatonist)">Thomas Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Swedenborg" title="Emanuel Swedenborg">Emanuel Swedenborg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waldo_Emerson" title="Ralph Waldo Emerson">Ralph Waldo Emerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Royce" title="Josiah Royce">Josiah Royce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Bolzano" title="Bernard Bolzano">Bernard Bolzano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksei_Losev" title="Aleksei Losev">Aleksei Losev</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contemporary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Analytic_philosophy" title="Analytic philosophy">Analytic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottlob_Frege" title="Gottlob Frege">Gottlob Frege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._E._Moore" title="G. E. Moore">G. E. Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_G%C3%B6del" title="Kurt Gödel">Kurt Gödel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alonzo_Church" title="Alonzo Church">Alonzo Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roderick_Chisholm" title="Roderick Chisholm">Roderick Chisholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Dummett" title="Michael Dummett">Michael Dummett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willard_Van_Orman_Quine" title="Willard Van Orman Quine">W. V. O. Quine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Kaplan_(philosopher)" title="David Kaplan (philosopher)">David Kaplan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saul_Kripke" title="Saul Kripke">Saul Kripke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_%C5%81ukasiewicz" title="Jan Łukasiewicz">Jan Łukasiewicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Plantinga" title="Alvin Plantinga">Alvin Plantinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_van_Inwagen" title="Peter van Inwagen">Peter van Inwagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Wolterstorff" title="Nicholas Wolterstorff">Nicholas Wolterstorff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crispin_Wright" title="Crispin Wright">Crispin Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_N._Zalta" title="Edward N. Zalta">Edward N. Zalta</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Continental_philosophy" title="Continental philosophy">Continental</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Bergson" title="Henri Bergson">Henri Bergson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Husserl" title="Edmund Husserl">Edmund Husserl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Ingarden" title="Roman Ingarden">Roman Ingarden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Strauss" title="Leo Strauss">Leo Strauss</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px 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class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19981001515&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1490909">Spain</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1767625">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/46439">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069184690">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90195558">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000028648&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=19194">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/xv8bftrg4x492q2">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810649461705606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/44436">Vatican</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/44437">2</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/44438">3</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/44439">4</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/44440">5</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/44441">6</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007262919205171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000090831">Finland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058523532806706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/21086940">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01326761?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:iamblichus-of-chalkis.">zbMATH</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/98ee86a9-1413-4ef6-8ce2-eb5d69306355">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/902470">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118555154.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118555154">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026934523">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6gj4j4m">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iamblichus&oldid=1256034078">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iamblichus&oldid=1256034078</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" 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