Community Leaders in Zambia's COVID-19 Response | Global Health

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class="cdc-page-title-bar__item cdc-page-title-bar__item--date" datetime="2023-01-09 05:00:00"> January 9, 2023 </time> </section> <div class="cdc-page-title cdc-page-offset syndicate"> <h1>Community Leaders in Zambia's COVID-19 Response</h1> </div> <div id="content" class="cdc-page-content cdc-page-offset syndicate container"> <div class="cdc-dfe-body "> <div class="cdc-dfe-body__top "> <div class="dfe-section dfe-section--page-summary summary-blurb summary-paragraph" data-section="cdc_story_summary"> <div class="dfe-section__header"> <h2 class="editor-block--title" id="heading-yexgsfwups">At a glance</h2> </div> <div class="dfe-section__content"> <p>CDC in Zambia worked closely with local government and health officials to establish COVID-19 testing, study the spread of the disease, and increase vaccinations. A local community leader helped stop the spread in his community. </p> <div class="dfe-section__nav hide" id="dfe-section__nav"> <div class="dfe-section__nav__header" id="dfe-section__nav__header"> </div> <div class="dfe-section__nav-links" id="dfe-section__nav-links"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="dfe-section__image" id="page-summary-image"> <figure class="dfe-image dfe-image__large"><div class="image-container calculated-ratio-16-9 aspect-ratio-16-9 stretch"><img src="/global-health/media/images/ZambiaCOVID19MrFlashfieldphoto001.jpg" alt="Khankhara wears a face mask and stands by two commuter buses outside of his garage." title="— title missing —"></div></figure> </div> <div id="nav-buttons"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cdc-dfe-body__center "> <div class="dfe-section" data-section="cdc_story_main_story"> <a class="onThisPageAnchor" id="cdc_story_main_story-the-challenge" name="The%20challenge" title="The challenge"></a><h2 class="editor-block--title" id="heading-jvzpuq_yya">The challenge</h2> <p>In the early weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic, as cities around the world were reporting large deadly outbreaks of the disease, Zambia worked to institute public health measures as it braced for detection and confirmation of the virus.</p> <p>In mid-March 2020, Zambia confirmed the first cases of COVID-19 among travelers returning from Europe. Fearing stigma related to having COVID-19, people who had close contact with the travelers were not responding to efforts by public health workers trying to conduct contact tracing and COVID-19 testing.</p> <p>Health officials and staff from <a href="/global-health/countries/zambia.html">CDC's office in Zambia</a> started efforts to reach those with close contact to the first COVID-19 patients in the country.</p> </div> <div class="dfe-section" data-section="cdc_story_intervention"> <a class="onThisPageAnchor" id="cdc_story_intervention-approach" name="Approach" title="Approach"></a><h2 class="editor-block--title" id="heading-raummef-ji">Approach</h2> <h3 id="heading-wahkp0luwk">Local business owner helps health officials reach COVID-19 patients' contacts</h3> <p>A junior Zambian physician working with COVID-19 responders suggested that a local business owner could perhaps help. Zambian public health officials and the CDC team visited Ismail Khankhara, owner of the Capital Bus company in Lusaka, Zambia. <br><br>Khankhara is known as "Mr. Flash" because the buses he owns are commonly called "Flash." He is Zambian, born of Indian ancestry, who, through his business, became an influential member in the local Indian community. The people who had close contact with the first Zambian COVID-19 patients were from the same community.</p> <figure class="dfe-image dfe-image__large"><div class="image-container calculated-ratio-16-9 aspect-ratio-16-9 stretch"><img src="/global-health/media/images/ZambiaCOVID19MrFlashfieldphoto001_1.jpg" alt="Khankhara wears a face mask and stands by two commuter buses outside of his garage." title="— title missing —"></div> <div class="dfe-image-caption-container"><figcaption class="dfe-image-caption" id="caption-2226-66f568ff068e5">Khankhara stands by two of his “Flash” buses in his garage in Lusaka.</figcaption></div></figure> <p>Khankhara had heard about COVID-19 spreading in cities like New York and Milan and feared many Zambians would get sick. Even before the first cases of COVID-19 were detected, he helped his community stockpile important medical supplies.</p> <p>As a trusted figure in his community, Khankhara was able to convince the close contacts to be interviewed and tested. His efforts helped stop the first cluster of contacts from getting bigger. No subsequent transmissions related to these first travel-related cases were detected.</p> <h4 id="heading-h4ocas7kuc">COVID-19 didn't stop —neither did Mr. Flash</h4> <p>In the two years since the first COVID-19 cases in Zambia were confirmed, Khankhara has remained a vocal advocate for COVID-19 mitigation strategies. He also worked with community partners to buy oxygen, medical supplies, and masks for use in hospitals in Lusaka.</p> <p>As the operator of a large commuter bus company in Lusaka, Khankhara followed the local government's recommendations for limiting the spread of the disease. He reduced the number of passengers on each bus, required universal masking on his buses, and offering paid sick-leave for his employees.</p> <p>As a strong proponent for protecting the health of his staff, Khankhara was the first in line to get vaccinated against COVID-19 at the first of more than 10 vaccine drives he hosted at his business.</p> <p>He is known for hosting health clinics before the COVID-19 pandemic. Khankhara is always the first to get an HIV test when he hosts HIV-testing campaigns at his business. As a businessman and leader in the Zambian-Indian community, Khankhara uses the opportunity to make a positive impact on the lives of others. He attributes his perspective to a teaching from his father, who said, "if you can help somebody, go out of your way to help them."</p> <p>Throughout the pandemic, community leaders like Khankhara played a central role in the public health response, which requires the trust of affected populations.</p> <figure class="dfe-image dfe-image__large"><div class="image-container calculated-ratio-16-9 aspect-ratio-16-9"><img src="/global-health/media/images/ZambiaCOVID19MrFlashnewspaperscan.jpg" alt='This image shows a scan from a local Zambian newspaper that reported on Khankhara. The headline reads "Lusaka public transporter vows to protect his drivers from COVID-19."' title="— title missing —"></div> <div class="dfe-image-caption-container"><figcaption class="dfe-image-caption" id="caption-2224-66f568ff06b8d">Zambian newspapers reported on Khankhara's efforts.</figcaption></div></figure> </div> <div class="dfe-section" data-section="cdc_story_impact"> <a class="onThisPageAnchor" id="cdc_story_impact-building-on-critical-relationships-to-support-hiv-services" name="Building%20on%20critical%20relationships%20to%20support%20HIV%20services" title="Building on critical relationships to support HIV services"></a><h2 class="editor-block--title" id="heading-yqf0bxhvhg">Building on critical relationships to support HIV services</h2> <p>As Zambia faced COVID-19, it was also still dealing with the ongoing HIV epidemic among the general population. Engaging community organizations and leaders is an important strategy to reach people living with HIV. This aid for treatment and achieve very high levels of viral load suppression.</p> <p>CDC works to support community-based HIV services. These relationships were the foundation for starting new COVID-19 activities over the past two years to limit the spread the disease.</p> </div> <div class="dfe-section" data-section="cdc_story_lessons"> <a class="onThisPageAnchor" id="cdc_story_lessons-working-together" name="Working%20together" title="Working together"></a><h2 class="editor-block--title" id="heading-e8-g9atk8j">Working together</h2> <p>CDC's long presence in Zambia and positive standing among community members has enabled it to save lives during the COVID-19 pandemic. Khankhara believes without CDC, there would have been many more deaths in Zambia. </p> <div class="dfe-block dfe-callout dfe-callout--quote"><div class="cdc-fa-quote-left"></div> <div class="dfe-callout__body"><div class="callout-desc">Our health system and finances alone would not have contained the pandemic.</div> <div class="quote-author">-Ismail Khankhara</div> </div></div> <p>Since the start of the pandemic, CDC has been a key partner to the Government of Zambia for its COVID-19 response. CDC staff were instrumental in strengthening COVID-19 surveillance and ensuring contact tracing early in the pandemic.</p> <p>Aaron Mvula, a driver for the U.S. Embassy, helped with contact tracing. He says, "it was great to be a part of the team with CDC and the Zambia National Public Health Institute and helping to prevent people from getting infected."</p> <figure class="dfe-image dfe-image__large"><div class="image-container calculated-ratio-16-9 aspect-ratio-16-9"><img src="/global-health/media/images/ZambiaCOVID19contacttracingfieldphoto2022.jpg" alt="Khankhara, Hines, and Mvula pose for a photo outside a bus depot. All three individuals are wearing face masks." title="— title missing —"></div> <div class="dfe-image-caption-container"><figcaption class="dfe-image-caption" id="caption-2225-66f568ff0711a">Khankhara, Dr. Hines, and Aaron Mvula at the Flash bus depot.</figcaption></div></figure> <p>Additionally, the existing laboratory network, supported by the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), allowed Zambia to quickly establish and expand a COVID-19 testing system that detected more than 330,000 confirmed cases since the outbreak onset through October 2022.</p> <p>CDC Zambia staff helped write Zambia's COVID-19 clinical management guidelines, created a home-based care model for asymptomatic and mild cases in the community, and played an important role in increasing COVID-19 vaccinations, especially among people living with HIV through PEPFAR-supported HIV care clinics and community posts.</p> <p>CDC Zambia helped the Ministry of Health lead the first population-based SARS-CoV-2 prevalence study in Africa, which helped dispel the myth that the virus that causes COVID-19 skipped the continent.</p> <div class="dfe-block dfe-callout dfe-callout--quote"><div class="cdc-fa-quote-left"></div> <div class="dfe-callout__body"><div class="callout-desc">CDC has helped generate important evidence about SARS-CoV-2 in Africa. Zambia Field Epidemiology Training Program residents were able to conduct some of the first studies to show real-world effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines on the continent, providing critical data for policymakers in Zambia and regionally.</div> <div class="quote-author">-Jonas Hines, MD, medical epidemiologist, CDC Zambia</div> </div></div> <p>CDC has been a critical partner for numerous countries to limit and control spread of COVID-19. Solid relationships, built on decades of collaboration with community members, are one key ingredient to CDC's success.</p> </div> </div> <div class="cdc-dfe-body__right page-right-rail"> <aside class="page-right-rail__static noindex" role="complementary"> <div class="on-this-page " data-sid=""> <h2 class="on-this-page__heading"> On This Page </h2> <div class="card-body"> <ul> <li><a href="#cdc_story_main_story-the-challenge">The challenge</a></li> <li><a href="#cdc_story_intervention-approach">Approach</a></li> <li><a href="#cdc_story_impact-building-on-critical-relationships-to-support-hiv-services">Building on critical relationships to support HIV services</a></li> <li><a href="#cdc_story_lessons-working-together">Working together</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </aside> <aside class="page-right-rail__dynamic noindex" role="complementary"> <div data-related-nav></div> </aside> </div> </div> <div data-journey-next></div> <section class="container page-mobile-bar"> <time 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