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<span>Scouting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scouting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Later life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Johan_Ferrier_Fund" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Johan_Ferrier_Fund"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Johan Ferrier Fund</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Johan_Ferrier_Fund-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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Available in 34 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%8A" title="يوهان فيريي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="يوهان فيريي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Henry_Eliza_Ferrier" title="Johan Henry Eliza Ferrier – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Johan Henry Eliza Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B9%CF%8C%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%BD_%CE%A6%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%AD%CF%81" title="Γιόχαν Φεριέρ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γιόχαν Φεριέρ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="یوهان فریر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یوهان فریر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%94%ED%95%9C_%ED%8E%98%EB%A6%AC%EB%A5%B4" title="요한 페리르 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="요한 페리르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="जॉहन फेर्रियर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जॉहन फेर्रियर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%95%D7%94%D7%90%D7%9F_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%94" title="יוהאן פרייה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יוהאן פרייה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A8%E3%83%8F%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="ヨハン・フェリエール – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヨハン・フェリエール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80,_%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Феррир, Йохан – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Феррир, Йохан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Johan Ferrier" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%27%D1%94" title="Йохан Фер'є – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Йохан Фер'є" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E8%B2%BB%E9%87%8C%E5%9F%83" title="約翰·費里埃 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="約翰·費里埃" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q333129#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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.navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Johan Ferrier</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ferrier_in_Suriname_1975_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Ferrier_in_Suriname_1975_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-Ferrier_in_Suriname_1975_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Ferrier_in_Suriname_1975_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Ferrier_in_Suriname_1975_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Ferrier_in_Suriname_1975_%28cropped%29.jpg/500px-Ferrier_in_Suriname_1975_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="1066" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Ferrier in 1975</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_Suriname" title="President of Suriname">1st</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_Suriname" title="President of Suriname">President of Suriname</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />25 November 1975 – 13 August 1980</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henck_Arron" title="Henck Arron">Henck Arron</a></li><li>Henk Chin A Sen</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Position established</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Henk_Chin_A_Sen" title="Henk Chin A Sen">Henk Chin A Sen</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor-General of Suriname">Governor-General of Suriname</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />15 March 1968 – 25 November 1975</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Juliana_of_the_Netherlands" title="Juliana of the Netherlands">Juliana</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Henck Arron</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Lucien_de_Vries" title="Henry Lucien de Vries">Henry Lucien de Vries</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Position abolished</i></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Suriname">Prime Minister of Suriname</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />16 April 1955 – 16 July 1958</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data">Juliana</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Governors General</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Klaasesz" title="Jan Klaasesz">Jan Klaasesz</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jan_van_Tilburg" title="Jan van Tilburg">Jan van Tilburg</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Currie_(Surinamese_politician)" title="Archibald Currie (Surinamese politician)">Archibald Currie</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Severinus_Desir%C3%A9_Emanuels" title="Severinus Desiré Emanuels">Severinus Desiré Emanuels</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Johan Henri Eliza Ferrier</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1910-05-12</span>)</span>12 May 1910<br /><a href="/wiki/Paramaribo" title="Paramaribo">Paramaribo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surinam_(Dutch_colony)" title="Surinam (Dutch colony)">Surinam</a> (now Suriname)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">4 January 2010<span style="display:none">(2010-01-04)</span> (aged 99)<br /><a href="/wiki/Oegstgeest" title="Oegstgeest">Oegstgeest</a>, Netherlands</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/National_Party_of_Suriname" title="National Party of Suriname">National</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Eugenie Lionarons</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(died 1959)<wbr /></div></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712" /> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Edmé Ferrier-Vas</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(died 1997)<wbr /></div></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">8, including <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_McLeod" title="Cynthia McLeod">Cynthia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-cynthia_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cynthia-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Joan_Ferrier" title="Joan Ferrier">Joan</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Ferrier_(politician)" title="Kathleen Ferrier (politician)">Kathleen</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Amsterdam" title="University of Amsterdam">University of Amsterdam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Doctorate" title="Doctorate">Dr.</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Politician</li><li>teacher</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Johan Henri Eliza Ferrier</b> (12 May 1910 – 4 January 2010) was a <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Surinamese</a> politician who served as the 1st <a href="/wiki/President_of_Suriname" title="President of Suriname">president of Suriname</a> from 1975 to 1980. He was also the country's last <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor-General of Suriname">governor-general</a> before independence, serving from 1968 to 1975, before becoming the first president upon independence from the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Kingdom of the Netherlands</a> in 1975. </p><p>He was named the twentieth century's most important politician in Suriname in 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johan_Ferrier&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ferrier was born in 1910 in <a href="/wiki/Suriname_(Dutch_colony)" class="mw-redirect" title="Suriname (Dutch colony)">Suriname</a>'s largest city and capital, <a href="/wiki/Paramaribo" title="Paramaribo">Paramaribo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He trained as a teacher. In 1946 he assisted in the establishment of the country's National Party, while Suriname was a colony of the Netherlands.<sup id="cite_ref-Johan_Ferrier,_first_president_of_Suriname,_dies_in_the_Netherlands_at_age_99,_daughter_says_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johan_Ferrier,_first_president_of_Suriname,_dies_in_the_Netherlands_at_age_99,_daughter_says-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scouting">Scouting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johan_Ferrier&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Scouting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ferrier was co-founder of the <i><a href="/wiki/Boy_Scouts_van_Suriname" title="Boy Scouts van Suriname">Boy Scouts van Suriname</a></i> and its first Chief Scout. At age 16 he was a teacher in the <a href="/wiki/Saramacca_District" title="Saramacca District">Saramacca District</a> and founded his first <a href="/wiki/Scout_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout Group">Scout Group</a>. This group still exists and now bears the name "<i>De Johan Ferrier groep, de groep 2 Oranje Dassers</i>".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johan_Ferrier&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Johan_Ferrier_(1955).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Johan_Ferrier_%281955%29.jpg/250px-Johan_Ferrier_%281955%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Johan_Ferrier_%281955%29.jpg/330px-Johan_Ferrier_%281955%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Johan_Ferrier_%281955%29.jpg/500px-Johan_Ferrier_%281955%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="946" data-file-height="1261" /></a><figcaption>Johan Ferrier (1955)</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1946, Ferrier was one of the founding members of the <a href="/wiki/National_Party_of_Suriname" title="National Party of Suriname">National Party of Suriname</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-historiek_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historiek-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ferrier was a member of the National Council from 1946 until 1948.<sup id="cite_ref-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then went to <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a> in the Netherlands to learn <a href="/wiki/Education_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Education theory">education theory</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1950, he received his <a href="/wiki/Doctorate" title="Doctorate">doctorate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When he went back to Suriname, which had by then become <a href="/wiki/Suriname_(Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands)" title="Suriname (Kingdom of the Netherlands)">an autonomous country</a> within the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Kingdom of the Netherlands</a>, he continued to study and to have a career in education.<sup id="cite_ref-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served as both <a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Suriname" title="List of prime ministers of Suriname">prime minister</a> and interior minister for a three-year period from 1955 until 1958.<sup id="cite_ref-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also spent time as Suriname's head of education.<sup id="cite_ref-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1968 until 1975 he retained the post of governor.<sup id="cite_ref-Johan_Ferrier,_first_president_of_Suriname,_dies_in_the_Netherlands_at_age_99,_daughter_says_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johan_Ferrier,_first_president_of_Suriname,_dies_in_the_Netherlands_at_age_99,_daughter_says-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 25 November 1975, Suriname was made independent, and Ferrier was sworn in as the first <a href="/wiki/President_of_Suriname" title="President of Suriname">president</a> of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9si_Bouterse" title="Dési Bouterse">Dési Bouterse</a>'s <a href="/wiki/1980_Surinamese_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1980 Surinamese coup d'état">1980 coup d'état</a> prompted Ferrier to resign within six months.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Henk_Chin_A_Sen" title="Henk Chin A Sen">Henk Chin A Sen</a> succeeded Ferrier as president.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ferrier was made a Grand Cordon in the <a href="/wiki/Honorary_Order_of_the_Yellow_Star" title="Honorary Order of the Yellow Star">Honorary Order of the Yellow Star</a> by Chin A Sen on 3 September 1980. His wife was also made a Grand Officer in the <a href="/wiki/Honorary_Order_of_the_Palm" title="Honorary Order of the Palm">Honorary Order of the Palm</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johan_Ferrier&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JohanFerrier.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/JohanFerrier.jpg/220px-JohanFerrier.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/JohanFerrier.jpg/330px-JohanFerrier.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/JohanFerrier.jpg/440px-JohanFerrier.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3168" data-file-height="4752" /></a><figcaption>Johan Ferrier (2009)</figcaption></figure> <p>Ferrier then accompanied his relatives to live in the Netherlands.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He lived with them in <a href="/wiki/Oegstgeest" title="Oegstgeest">Oegstgeest</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Tributes_to_Suriname's_first_president_pour_in_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tributes_to_Suriname's_first_president_pour_in-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ferrier used to tell stories about the spider <a href="/wiki/Anansi" title="Anansi">Anansi</a> on Dutch children's television.<sup id="cite_ref-anansi_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anansi-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1986, <i>Het Grote Anansi Boek</i>, a <a href="/wiki/Picture_book" title="Picture book">picture book</a> was released with illustrations by <a href="/wiki/Noni_Lichtveld" title="Noni Lichtveld">Noni Lichtveld</a>. The original release was <a href="/wiki/Monochrome" title="Monochrome">monochrome</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, it was re-released in colour.<sup id="cite_ref-anansi_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anansi-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His daughter, <a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Ferrier_(politician)" title="Kathleen Ferrier (politician)">Kathleen Ferrier</a>, is a former member of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Representatives of the Netherlands">House of Representatives of the Netherlands</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Appeal" title="Christian Democratic Appeal">Christian Democratic Appeal</a>. In 2005, Ferrier's memoirs <i>Last Governor, First President: The Century of Johan Ferrier, Surinamese</i> were published.<sup id="cite_ref-Johan_Ferrier,_first_president_of_Suriname,_dies_in_the_Netherlands_at_age_99,_daughter_says_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johan_Ferrier,_first_president_of_Suriname,_dies_in_the_Netherlands_at_age_99,_daughter_says-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dutch Queen gave him a knighthood.<sup id="cite_ref-First_president_of_Suriname_dies_aged_99_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-First_president_of_Suriname_dies_aged_99-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An obituary in the national morning daily <i><a href="/wiki/De_Volkskrant" title="De Volkskrant">De Volkskrant</a></i> said he had claimed: "Even in the darkest days, I kept my optimism".<sup id="cite_ref-First_president_of_Suriname_dies_aged_99_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-First_president_of_Suriname_dies_aged_99-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johan_Ferrier&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ferrier died from <a href="/wiki/Heart_failure" title="Heart failure">heart failure</a> while sleeping at home in Oegstgeest at the age of 99. His body was found in the early morning on 4 January 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-Johan_Ferrier,_first_president_of_Suriname,_dies_in_the_Netherlands_at_age_99,_daughter_says_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johan_Ferrier,_first_president_of_Suriname,_dies_in_the_Netherlands_at_age_99,_daughter_says-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Beatrix_of_the_Netherlands" title="Beatrix of the Netherlands">Queen Beatrix</a> of the Netherlands paid tribute.<sup id="cite_ref-Tributes_to_Suriname's_first_president_pour_in_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tributes_to_Suriname's_first_president_pour_in-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Netherlands" title="Prime Minister of the Netherlands">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Jan_Peter_Balkenende" title="Jan Peter Balkenende">Jan Peter Balkenende</a> said Ferrier was "an authoritative and wise statesman".<sup id="cite_ref-Tributes_to_Suriname's_first_president_pour_in_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tributes_to_Suriname's_first_president_pour_in-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Politician and diplomat <a href="/wiki/Jan_Pronk" title="Jan Pronk">Jan Pronk</a> paid tribute to his work at uniting divisions.<sup id="cite_ref-Tributes_to_Suriname's_first_president_pour_in_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tributes_to_Suriname's_first_president_pour_in-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ferrier was buried on 11 January 2010, in the Dutch town of <a href="/wiki/Oegstgeest" title="Oegstgeest">Oegstgeest</a>, where he had been living since 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Johan_Ferrier_Fund">Johan Ferrier Fund</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johan_Ferrier&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Johan Ferrier Fund"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Johan_Ferrier_Fund"></span> On 12 May 2010, the day Ferrier would have celebrated his 100th birthday, the Johan Ferrier Fund was officially launched. The fund strives to follow in his footsteps in supporting Surinamese projects with educational and cultural goals. The Johan Ferrier Fund is an initiative of his daughter <a href="/wiki/Joan_Ferrier" title="Joan Ferrier">Joan Ferrier</a>, who first presented the fund in the presence of her father in September 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johan_Ferrier&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-cynthia-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cynthia_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1863538.Cynthia_McLeod">"Cynthia McLeod"</a>. <i>Good Reads</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Good+Reads&rft.atitle=Cynthia+McLeod&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.goodreads.com%2Fauthor%2Fshow%2F1863538.Cynthia_McLeod&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dbsuriname.com/2014/03/10/joan-ferrier-overleden/">"Joan Ferrier overleden"</a>. <i>Dagblad Suriname</i> (in Dutch). 10 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dagblad+Suriname&rft.atitle=Joan+Ferrier+overleden&rft.date=2014-03-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dbsuriname.com%2F2014%2F03%2F10%2Fjoan-ferrier-overleden%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parlement.com/id/vg9fgoprwbx2/k_g_kathleen_ferrier">"Drs. K.G. (Kathleen) Ferrier"</a>. <i>Dutch Parliament</i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dutch+Parliament&rft.atitle=Drs.+K.G.+%28Kathleen%29+Ferrier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parlement.com%2Fid%2Fvg9fgoprwbx2%2Fk_g_kathleen_ferrier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Dutch)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://frontpage.fok.nl/nieuws/365267/1/1/50/eerste-president-suriname-overleden.html">Eerste president Suriname overleden</a>. fok.nl. 4 January 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ex-Surinam_President_Ferrier_dies_at_99_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110406182357/http://www.rnw.nl/english/article/ex-surinam-president-johan-ferrier-dies-aged-99">"Ex-Surinam President Ferrier dies at 99"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_Netherlands_Worldwide" title="Radio Netherlands Worldwide">Radio Netherlands Worldwide</a>. 4 January 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rnw.nl/english/article/ex-surinam-president-johan-ferrier-dies-aged-99">the original</a> on 6 April 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ex-Surinam+President+Ferrier+dies+at+99&rft.pub=Radio+Netherlands+Worldwide&rft.date=2010-01-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rnw.nl%2Fenglish%2Farticle%2Fex-surinam-president-johan-ferrier-dies-aged-99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Johan_Ferrier,_first_president_of_Suriname,_dies_in_the_Netherlands_at_age_99,_daughter_says-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Johan_Ferrier,_first_president_of_Suriname,_dies_in_the_Netherlands_at_age_99,_daughter_says_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johan_Ferrier,_first_president_of_Suriname,_dies_in_the_Netherlands_at_age_99,_daughter_says_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johan_Ferrier,_first_president_of_Suriname,_dies_in_the_Netherlands_at_age_99,_daughter_says_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johan_Ferrier,_first_president_of_Suriname,_dies_in_the_Netherlands_at_age_99,_daughter_says_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/world/breakingnews/80621337.html">"Johan Ferrier, first president of Suriname, dies in the Netherlands at age 99, daughter says"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Winnipeg_Free_Press" title="Winnipeg Free Press">Winnipeg Free Press</a></i>. 4 January 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Winnipeg+Free+Press&rft.atitle=Johan+Ferrier%2C+first+president+of+Suriname%2C+dies+in+the+Netherlands+at+age+99%2C+daughter+says&rft.date=2010-01-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.winnipegfreepress.com%2Fworld%2Fbreakingnews%2F80621337.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2010">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Dutch)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110717121518/http://www.dbsuriname.com/archief/nat/2010/jan10/11-01-10/Nat_Johan%20Ferrier%2C%20eerste%20Chief%20Scout%20Suriname.asp">Johan Ferrier, eerste Chief Scout Suriname</a>. dbsuriname.com. 11 January 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-historiek-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-historiek_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://historiek.net/johan-ferrier-eerste-president-suriname/6493/">"Johan Ferrier (1910-2010) – De eerste president van Suriname"</a>. <i>Historiek</i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Historiek&rft.atitle=Johan+Ferrier+%281910-2010%29+%E2%80%93+De+eerste+president+van+Suriname&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistoriek.net%2Fjohan-ferrier-eerste-president-suriname%2F6493%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parlement.com/id/vge7dtpk4wz4/j_h_e_johan_ferrier">"Dr. J.H.E. (Johan) Ferrier"</a>. <i>Dutch Parliament</i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dutch+Parliament&rft.atitle=Dr.+J.H.E.+%28Johan%29+Ferrier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parlement.com%2Fid%2Fvge7dtpk4wz4%2Fj_h_e_johan_ferrier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parlement.com/id/vhnnmt7lcryw/onafhankelijkheid_suriname_in_1975">"Onafhankelijkheid Suriname in 1975"</a>. <i>www.parlement.com</i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.parlement.com&rft.atitle=Onafhankelijkheid+Suriname+in+1975&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parlement.com%2Fid%2Fvhnnmt7lcryw%2Fonafhankelijkheid_suriname_in_1975&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDe_Vries1980" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">De Vries, Paul (15 August 1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010570689:mpeg21:p001">"President Afgezet"</a>. <i>Limburgs Dagblad</i> (in Dutch). p. 1 – via Delpher.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limburgs+Dagblad&rft.atitle=President+Afgezet&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1980-08-15&rft.aulast=De+Vries&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresolver.kb.nl%2Fresolve%3Furn%3Dddd%3A010570689%3Ampeg21%3Ap001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010570690:mpeg21:p003">"Chin A Sen is nu de dubbele leider"</a>. <i>Limburgs Dagblad</i> (in Dutch). 14 August 1980 – via Delpher.nl.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limburgs+Dagblad&rft.atitle=Chin+A+Sen+is+nu+de+dubbele+leider&rft.date=1980-08-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresolver.kb.nl%2Fresolve%3Furn%3Dddd%3A010570690%3Ampeg21%3Ap003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010857100:mpeg21:p017">"Johan Ferrier"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/De_Volkskrant" title="De Volkskrant">De Volkskrant</a></i> (in Dutch). 4 September 1980. p. 17 – via Delpher.nl.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=De+Volkskrant&rft.atitle=Johan+Ferrier&rft.pages=17&rft.date=1980-09-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresolver.kb.nl%2Fresolve%3Furn%3DABCDDD%3A010857100%3Ampeg21%3Ap017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010846722:mpeg21:p003">"Vakantiereis van Ferrier"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Het_Parool" title="Het Parool">Het Parool</a></i> (in Dutch). 22 September 1980. p. 3 – via Delpher.nl.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Het+Parool&rft.atitle=Vakantiereis+van+Ferrier&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1980-09-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresolver.kb.nl%2Fresolve%3Furn%3DABCDDD%3A010846722%3Ampeg21%3Ap003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tributes_to_Suriname's_first_president_pour_in-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tributes_to_Suriname's_first_president_pour_in_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tributes_to_Suriname's_first_president_pour_in_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tributes_to_Suriname's_first_president_pour_in_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tributes_to_Suriname's_first_president_pour_in_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100119012543/http://www.rnw.nl/english/article/tributes-surinames-first-president-pour">"Tributes to Suriname's first president pour in"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_Netherlands_Worldwide" title="Radio Netherlands Worldwide">Radio Netherlands Worldwide</a>. 5 January 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rnw.nl/english/article/tributes-surinames-first-president-pour">the original</a> on 19 January 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tributes+to+Suriname%27s+first+president+pour+in&rft.pub=Radio+Netherlands+Worldwide&rft.date=2010-01-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rnw.nl%2Fenglish%2Farticle%2Ftributes-surinames-first-president-pour&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-anansi-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-anansi_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-anansi_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://werkgroepcaraibischeletteren.nl/dieren-in-de-surinaamse-kinderliteratuur-info-voor-jeugdbegeleiders/">"Dieren in de Surinaamse kinderliteratuur: info voor jeugdbegeleiders"</a>. <i>Werkgroep Caraibische Letteren</i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Werkgroep+Caraibische+Letteren&rft.atitle=Dieren+in+de+Surinaamse+kinderliteratuur%3A+info+voor+jeugdbegeleiders&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwerkgroepcaraibischeletteren.nl%2Fdieren-in-de-surinaamse-kinderliteratuur-info-voor-jeugdbegeleiders%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allesoverboekenenschrijvers.nl/johan-ferrier-het-grote-anansiboek/">"Johan Ferrier Het grote Anansiboek"</a>. <i>Alles Over Boeken en Schrijvers</i> (in Dutch). 22 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alles+Over+Boeken+en+Schrijvers&rft.atitle=Johan+Ferrier+Het+grote+Anansiboek&rft.date=2020-09-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allesoverboekenenschrijvers.nl%2Fjohan-ferrier-het-grote-anansiboek%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-First_president_of_Suriname_dies_aged_99-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-First_president_of_Suriname_dies_aged_99_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-First_president_of_Suriname_dies_aged_99_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dutchnews.nl/news/archives/2010/01/first_president_of_suriname_di.php">"First president of Suriname dies aged 99"</a>. DutchNews.nl. 4 January 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=First+president+of+Suriname+dies+aged+99&rft.pub=DutchNews.nl&rft.date=2010-01-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dutchnews.nl%2Fnews%2Farchives%2F2010%2F01%2Ffirst_president_of_suriname_di.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Dutch)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100731002954/http://www.wereldjournalisten.nl/artikel/2010/01/08/johan_ferrier_onderwijzer_en_gentleman_in_de_poli/">"Johan Ferrier: een onderwijzer en gentleman in de Surinaamse politiek"</a>. wereldjournalisten.nl. 8 January 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100113103316/http://www.expatica.com/nl/news/dutch-rss-news/last-farewell-to-suriname-president-ferrier_18725.html">"Last farewell to Suriname President Ferrier"</a>. expatica.com. 8 January 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.waterkant.net/suriname/2010/05/12/website-johan-ferrier-fonds-online/">"Website Johan Ferrier Fonds online"</a>. <i>Waterkant</i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waterkant&rft.atitle=Website+Johan+Ferrier+Fonds+online&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.waterkant.net%2Fsuriname%2F2010%2F05%2F12%2Fwebsite-johan-ferrier-fonds-online%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohan+Ferrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johan_Ferrier&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Johan_Ferrier" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Johan Ferrier">Johan Ferrier</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="languageicon">(in Dutch)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.johanferrierfonds.nl">Official website of the Johan Ferrier Fonds</a></li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Dutch)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parlement.com/9291000/biof/15510">Official Parliamentary Biography</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Office established</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/President_of_Suriname" title="President of Suriname">President of Suriname</a> </b><br />1975–1989 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Henk_Chin_A_Sen" title="Henk Chin A Sen">Henk Chin A Sen</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Presidents_of_Suriname" title="Template:Presidents of Suriname"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Presidents_of_Suriname" title="Template talk:Presidents of Suriname"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents_of_Suriname" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents of Suriname"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_Suriname52" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/President_of_Suriname" title="President of Suriname">Presidents</a> of <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 2px 0 0"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Suriname.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/120px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/250px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Johan Ferrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henk_Chin_A_Sen" title="Henk Chin A Sen">Henk Chin A Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Ramdat_Misier" title="Fred Ramdat Misier">Fred Ramdat Misier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsewak_Shankar" title="Ramsewak Shankar">Ramsewak Shankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Kraag" title="Johan Kraag">Johan Kraag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Venetiaan" title="Ronald Venetiaan">Ronald Venetiaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Wijdenbosch" title="Jules Wijdenbosch">Jules Wijdenbosch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Venetiaan" title="Ronald Venetiaan">Ronald Venetiaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9si_Bouterse" title="Dési Bouterse">Dési Bouterse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chan_Santokhi" title="Chan Santokhi">Chan Santokhi</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_President_of_Suriname.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Flag_of_the_President_of_Suriname.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Flag_of_the_President_of_Suriname.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prime_ministers_of_Suriname326" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prime_ministers_of_Suriname" title="Template:Prime ministers of Suriname"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prime_ministers_of_Suriname" title="Template talk:Prime ministers of Suriname"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prime_ministers_of_Suriname" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prime ministers of Suriname"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prime_ministers_of_Suriname326" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Suriname" title="List of prime ministers of Suriname">Prime ministers</a> of <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dutch_colonisation_of_the_Guianas" title="Dutch colonisation of the Guianas">Dutch rule</a> (1667–1975)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Surinam_(Dutch_colony)" title="Surinam (Dutch colony)">Surinam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar_de_Miranda" title="Julius Caesar de Miranda">Julius Caesar de Miranda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Drielsma" title="Jacques Drielsma">Jacques Drielsma</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Buiskool" title="Jan Buiskool">Jan Buiskool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriaan_Alberga" title="Adriaan Alberga">Adriaan Alberga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Currie_(Surinamese_politician)" title="Archibald Currie (Surinamese politician)">Archibald Currie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><span data-sort-value="Suriname"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Suriname_%281959%E2%80%931975%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Suriname_%281959%E2%80%931975%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Suriname_%281959%E2%80%931975%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Suriname_%281959%E2%80%931975%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Suriname_(Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands)" title="Suriname (Kingdom of the Netherlands)">Suriname</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Currie_(Surinamese_politician)" title="Archibald Currie (Surinamese politician)">Archibald Currie</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Johan Ferrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severinus_Desir%C3%A9_Emanuels" title="Severinus Desiré Emanuels">Severinus Desiré Emanuels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Adolf_Pengel" title="Johan Adolf Pengel">Johan Adolf Pengel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Johan_May" title="Arthur Johan May">Arthur Johan May</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Sedney" title="Jules Sedney">Jules Sedney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henck_Arron" title="Henck Arron">Henck Arron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Standard_of_Prime_Minister_of_Suriname.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Standard_of_Prime_Minister_of_Suriname.svg/75px-Standard_of_Prime_Minister_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Standard_of_Prime_Minister_of_Suriname.svg/113px-Standard_of_Prime_Minister_of_Suriname.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Standard_of_Prime_Minister_of_Suriname.svg/150px-Standard_of_Prime_Minister_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/40px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/60px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a> (since 1975)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henck_Arron" title="Henck Arron">Henck Arron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henk_Chin_A_Sen" title="Henk Chin A Sen">Henk Chin A Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Neijhorst" title="Henry Neijhorst">Henry Neijhorst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Errol_Alibux" title="Errol Alibux">Errol Alibux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wim_Udenhout" title="Wim Udenhout">Wim Udenhout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pretaap_Radhakishun" title="Pretaap Radhakishun">Pretaap Radhakishun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Wijdenbosch" title="Jules Wijdenbosch">Jules Wijdenbosch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span style="font-size:85%;">* denotes acting Prime Minister</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333129#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1046" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333129#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1046" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333129#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" 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href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJmtxkvtHVC4Jdt9XW6tKd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/131684175">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nb2006013590">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p072130911">Netherlands</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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