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For other uses of the word tributary, see <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tributary_(disambiguation)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Tributary (disambiguation)">Tributary (disambiguation)</a>. </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"> <p>A <b>tributary state</b> is a pre-modern <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/State_(polity)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="State (polity)">state</a> in a particular type of subordinate relationship to a more powerful state which involved the sending of a regular token of submission, or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tribute?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tribute">tribute</a>, to the superior power (the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suzerainty?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Suzerainty">suzerain</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tributary_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This token often took the form of a substantial transfer of wealth, such as the delivery of gold, produce, or slaves, so that tribute might best be seen as the payment of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Protection_racket?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Protection racket">protection money</a>. It might also be more symbolic: sometimes it amounted to no more than the delivery of a mark of submission such as the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bunga_mas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bunga mas">bunga mas</a> (golden flower) that rulers in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Malay_Peninsula?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Malay Peninsula">Malay Peninsula</a> used to send to the kings of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thailand?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thailand">Siam</a>, or the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tribute_of_the_Maltese_Falcon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tribute of the Maltese Falcon">Tribute of the Maltese Falcon</a> that the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_grand_masters_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of grand masters of the Knights Hospitaller">Grand Master</a> of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Knights_Hospitaller?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Knights Hospitaller">Order of St. John</a> used to send annually to the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_viceroys_of_Sicily?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of viceroys of Sicily">Viceroy of Sicily</a> in order to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hospitaller_Malta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hospitaller Malta">rule Malta</a>. It might also involve attendance by the subordinate ruler at the court of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hegemony?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hegemony">hegemon</a> in order to make a public show of submission.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:National_Museum_KL_2008_(36).JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/National_Museum_KL_2008_%2836%29.JPG/220px-National_Museum_KL_2008_%2836%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/National_Museum_KL_2008_%252836%2529.JPG/330px-National_Museum_KL_2008_%252836%2529.JPG 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/National_Museum_KL_2008_%252836%2529.JPG/440px-National_Museum_KL_2008_%252836%2529.JPG 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024"></a> <figcaption> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bunga_mas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bunga mas">bunga mas</a>, a form of tribute sent to the King of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ayutthaya_Kingdom?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ayutthaya Kingdom">Ayutthaya</a> from its vassal states in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Malay_Peninsula?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Malay Peninsula">Malay Peninsula</a> </figcaption> </figure> <p>The modern-day heirs of tribute hegemons tend to claim that the tributary relationship should be understood as an acknowledgement of the hegemon's <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sovereignty?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sovereignty">sovereignty</a> in the modern world, whereas former tributary states deny that there was any transfer of sovereignty.</p> <p>A <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tributary_system_of_China?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tributary system of China">formalised tribute system</a> developed in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/East_Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="East Asia">East Asia</a> with many neighbouring East, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Central_Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Central Asia">Central</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Southeast_Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast</a> Asian countries and regions becoming tributary states of various <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dynasties_of_China?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dynasties of China">Chinese dynasties</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tributary_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tributary_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historically, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emperor_of_China?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Emperor of China">Emperor of China</a> saw himself as the emperor of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tianxia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tianxia">entire civilised world</a>. It was not possible for such an emperor to have equal diplomatic relations with any other power, and so all diplomatic relations in the region were construed by the Chinese as tributary. The disdain of the state ideology of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Confucianism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a> for trade, and the belief that Chinese civilisation had no need of products or technology from outside meant that trade, when it was permitted, was also construed as tributary. Diplomatic missions and trading parties from non-Chinese regions were interpreted in Chinese records as being tributary, regardless of the intention of those regions. Under this construction, the goods received by China constituted a tributary offering, while those that the visitors received were interpreted as gifts that the emperor in his kindness had bestowed upon his distant tributaries.</p> <p>In <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Al-Andalus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Al-Andalus">Al-Andalus</a>, the last remaining <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moors?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moors">Moorish</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nasrid_dynasty?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nasrid dynasty">Nasrid dynasty</a> in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emirate_of_Granada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Emirate of Granada">Emirate of Granada</a> paid tribute to the Christian Kingdom of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Crown_of_Castile?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Crown of Castile">Castile</a> (present-day <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spain">Spain</a>). Tributary states, usually on the periphery of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ottoman_Empire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, were under vassalage in different forms. Some were allowed to select their own leaders, while others paid tribute for their lands. In the Western colonial system, non-Western states were sometimes incorporated into a European empire as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Protectorate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Protectorate">protectorates</a>.</p> <p>In the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Datu">Datus</a> of the Barangays became vassals of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spanish_Empire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a>, from the late 16th century until the Archipelago fell under the power of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States">United States of America</a> in 1898. Their right to rule was recognised by King <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip II of Spain</a>, on 11 June 1594, under the condition of paying tributes due to the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monarchy_of_Spain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monarchy of Spain">Spanish Crown</a>.<sup class="plainlinks nourlexpansion citation" id="ref_note1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tributary_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#endnote_note1">[a]</a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tributary_state&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bunga_mas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bunga mas">Bunga mas</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Client_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Client state">Client state</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emperor_at_home,_king_abroad?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Emperor at home, king abroad">Emperor at home, king abroad</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mandala_(political_model)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mandala (political model)">Mandala (political model)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Puppet_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Puppet state">Puppet state</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Satellite_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Satellite state">Satellite state</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sphere_of_influence?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sphere of influence">Sphere of influence</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suzerainty?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Suzerainty">Suzerainty</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tribute?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tribute">Tribute</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vassal_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vassal state">Vassal state</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tributary_state&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <dl> <dd> a. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_note1"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tributary_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#ref_note1">^</a></b></span> The king further ordered that the natives should pay to these nobles the same respect that the inhabitants accorded to their local lords before the conquest, without prejudice to the things that pertain to the king himself or to the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Encomienda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Encomienda"><i>encomenderos</i></a> (trusteeship leaders). The original royal decree (<i><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Recapilación de leyes</i></span></i>; in Spanish) says:<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tributary_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <dl> <dd> <i><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">No es justo, que los Indios Principales de Filipinas sean de peor condición, después de haberse convertido, ántes de les debe hacer tratamiento, que los aficione, y mantenga en felicidad, para que con los bienes espirituales, que Dios les ha comunicado llamándolos a su verdadero conocimiento, se junten los temporales, y vivan con gusto y conveniencia. Por lo qua mandamos a los Gobernadores de aquellas Islas, que les hagan buen tratamiento, y encomienden en nuestro nombre el gobierno de los Indios, de que eran Señores, y en todo lo demás procuren, que justamente se aprovechen haciéndoles los Indios algún reconocimiento en la forma que corría el tiempo de su Gentilidad, con que esto sin perjuicio de los tributos, que á Nos han de pagar, ni de lo que á sus Encomenderos</i></span></i>. </dd> </dl> </dd> <dd> This translates into English as:<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tributary_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <dl> <dd> "It is not right that the Indian Principales of the Philippines be in a worse condition after conversion; rather they should have such treatment that would gain their affection and keep them loyal, so that with the spiritual blessings that God has communicated to them by calling them to his true knowledge, the temporal blessings may be added, and they may live contentedly and comfortably. Therefore, we order the governors of those islands to show them good treatment and entrust them, in our name, with the government of the Indians, of whom they were formerly Lords. In all else the governors shall see that the Principales are benefited justly, and the Indians shall pay them something as a recognition, as they did during the period of their paganism, provided it be without prejudice to the tributes that are to be paid us, or prejudicial to that which pertains to their Encomenderos." </dd> </dl> </dd> </dl> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tributary_state&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tributary_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.isj.org.uk/?id%3D20.">[1]</a> <i>Asiatic, Tributary, or Absolutist</i> International Socialism, Nov. 2004</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tributary_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110173229/http://www.lse.ac.uk/economicHistory/Research/GEHN/GEHNPDF/GEHNWP21-GA.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.lse.ac.uk/economicHistory/Research/GEHN/GEHNPDF/GEHNWP21-GA.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2017-01-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-03-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lse.ac.uk%2FeconomicHistory%2FResearch%2FGEHN%2FGEHNPDF%2FGEHNWP21-GA.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATributary+state" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Template:Cite_web?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tributary_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarver2011" class="citation book cs1">Garver, John W. (July 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DTOVaMckcO0MC"><i>Protracted Contest: Sino-Indian Rivalry in the Twentieth Century</i></a>. University of Washington Press. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780295801209?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/9780295801209"><bdi>9780295801209</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Protracted+Contest%3A+Sino-Indian+Rivalry+in+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=2011-07&rft.isbn=9780295801209&rft.aulast=Garver&rft.aufirst=John+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTOVaMckcO0MC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATributary+state" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tributary_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Juan de Ariztia, ed., <i>Recapilación de leyes</i>, Madrid (1723), lib. vi, tit. VII, ley xvi. This reference can be found at the library of the Estudio Teologico Agustiniano de Valladolid in Spain.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tributary_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Felipe II, <i>Ley de Junio 11, 1594</i> in <i>Recapilación de leyes</i>, lib. vi, tit. VII, ley xvi. The English translation of the law by Emma Helen Blair and James Alexander Robertson can be found in <i>The Philippine Islands (1493–1898)</i>, Cleveland: The A.H. Clark Company, 1903, Vol. XVI, pp. 155–156.</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skatpligtige" title="Skatpligtige – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Skatpligtige" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AF%25D9%2588%25D9%2584%25D8%25A9_%25D8%25AE%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B6%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A9" title="دولة خاضعة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دولة خاضعة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B1%25D1%2583%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B4%25D1%258A%25D1%2580%25D0%25B6%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Трибутарна държава – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Трибутарна държава" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado_tributario" title="Estado tributario – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estado tributario" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589tat_tributaire" title="État tributaire – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="État tributaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%25A1%25B0%25EA%25B3%25B5%25EA%25B5%25AD" title="조공국 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="조공국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tributarna_dr%25C5%25BEava" title="Tributarna država – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tributarna država" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negara_pembayar_upeti" title="Negara pembayar upeti – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Negara pembayar upeti" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stato_tributario" title="Stato tributario – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Stato tributario" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negeri_ufti" title="Negeri ufti – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Negeri ufti" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%259C%259D%25E8%25B2%25A2%25E5%259B%25BD" title="朝貢国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="朝貢国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado_tribut%25C3%25A1rio" title="Estado tributário – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estado tributário" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tributary_state" title="Tributary state – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tributary state" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B1%25D1%2583%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B6%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Трибутарна држава – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Трибутарна држава" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tributarna_dr%25C5%25BEava" title="Tributarna država – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tributarna država" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a 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