대장염

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[정의] 대장에 염증이 발생한 상태로 다양한 원인에 의해 염증이 발생할 수 있다. 원인에 따라 크게 감염성 장염과 비감염성 장염으로 분류한다. 급성 감염성 대장염은 전세계적으로 많이 발생되며 발열, 오심, 구토, 점액성 또는 혈성 설사와 복통이 주 증상이다. 감염균의 종류에 따라 바이러스성 장염(노로 바이러스, 로타바이러스), 세균성 장염(콜레라, 대장균, 이질, 장티푸스, 예르시니아, 캠필로박터), 원충 대장염(아메바), 위막성 대장염이 있다. 본래 장내에는 수많은 세균들이 뒤섞여 있으며, 장내 점막과 세균총들이 일정한 생태계를 유지하면서 공존하고 있다. 그런데 병원성이 강한 세균이 장내에 들어오면 직접 장점막을 침범하거나, 이들이 내는 독소가 이러한 균형을 깨뜨려 세균성 장염이 발생한다. 결핵균에 의해서도 대장염이 발생하는데 만성적인 복통이나 체중 감소가 흔히 발생한다. 비감염성 대장염은 염증성 장질환(크론병, 궤양성 대장염), 방사선성..."> <meta property="og:article:author" content="네이버 지식백과" /> <meta property="og:article:author:url" content="https://m.terms.naver.com" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1110" />  <title>대장염</title> <meta name="Description" CONTENT="어린이/학생백과, 동물/식물, 건강, 역사, 자연과학, 인문과학, 미술작품, 비주얼사전 등 전문가들이 정리한 지식을 제공하는 종합백과서비스" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://ssl.pstatic.net/static/terms/terms/css/terms_tlist.css?250117044232"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" 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</ul> <div class="font_area" id="btn_fs"> <a href="javascript:;" role="button" class="btn font" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="listbox" id="font_set">글꼴</a> <div class="ly_font_list" id="fontset_area" role="listbox"> <a href="javascript:;" data-class="font1" role="option">나눔고딕</a> <a href="javascript:;" data-class="font2" role="option">맑은고딕</a> <a href="javascript:;" data-class="font3" role="option">돋움체</a> </div> <a href="javascript:;" role="button" class="btn sm __fontBtn">가<span class="blind">- 글꼴 작게</span></a> <a href="javascript:;" role="button" class="btn big __fontBtn">가<span class="blind">+ 글꼴 크게</span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="section_wrap "> <div class="headword_title"> <p class="cite"> <a href="list.naver?categoryId=51007" onclick="clickcr(this, 'toa.source', '', '', event);">서울대학교병원 의학정보</a> </p> <h2 class="headword">대장염</h2> <p class="desc"></p> <p class="word"> [ <span class="word_txt"><span class="u_word_dic" data-hook="tip" data-type="arken" data-lang="en">colitis</span></span><audio id="soundT11" src="https://dict-dn.pstatic.net/v?_lsu_sa_=3c98435a4d223cf6219c913d31c4c1fbfd646315400a5f8068422c7b4b4764d1eb55d7af6cb5dc7909676a65a32e904525533fce2f9cbeea515c812dffc205e8d286f011977b4f9a4fdd885e7861bc0be3c3bbb667e3793df6a3de52aacaeea0d45749dc9408d29969b3ab1d67cceb4daed4b71cafc4cb309809ac86f95bc1fa" style="width:0px;height:0px;"></audio><a id="sound_playT11" class="tlp_sound" data-url="https://dict-dn.pstatic.net/v?_lsu_sa_=3b684c5dfddb38c6b3958145380485fe0dca68059f0d7f936a6269771b746d61a657377265c54d77097161d5ed2b7033eea66b346a0d02134dbe7200849b0edef32f6e4acbbfed27fd2d0fa6afd4e32440ca9d49855114161cdf9ff3e8f52ed8a16f2392cccbde48237fb9b64a7c176e6466f49794f562360ca4df5d6251e0f5" onclick="nclk(this, 'tot.listensub', '', '', 1);return false;"><span class="blind">음성듣기</span></a> ] </p> </div> <div id="size_ct" class="size_ct_v2"> <dl class="summary_area"> <i class="ico"><span class="blind">요약</span></i> 대장에 염증이 발생한 상태 </dl> <div class="att_type"> <div class="inner_att_type"> <div class="wr_tmp_profile"> <div class="tmp_profile"> <table class="tmp_profile_tb"> <colgroup> <col class="tmp_col"> <col width="*"> </colgroup> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="title">진료과</span></th> <td> <a href="/entry.naver?docId=927874&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">소화기내과</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="title">관련 신체기관</span></th> <td> 대장, 장 </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tmp_agenda newline"><h3>목차</h3><ol><li class=""><a href="#TABLE_OF_CONTENT1" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdy.contents', '', '',event);">정의</a></li> <li class=""><a href="#TABLE_OF_CONTENT2" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdy.contents', '', '',event);">하위질병</a></li> </ol></div> <h3 class="stress" id="TABLE_OF_CONTENT1">정의</h3> <p class="txt">대장에 염증이 발생한 상태로 다양한 원인에 의해 염증이 발생할 수 있다. 원인에 따라 크게 감염성 장염과 비감염성 장염으로 분류한다. 급성 감염성 대장염은 전세계적으로 많이 발생되며 발열, 오심, 구토, 점액성 또는 혈성 설사와 복통이 주 증상이다. 감염균의 종류에 따라 바이러스성 장염(<a href="/entry.naver?docId=926580&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">노로 바이러스</a>, 로타바이러스), 세균성 장염(<a href="/entry.naver?docId=926614&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">콜레라</a>, 대장균, 이질, <a href="/entry.naver?docId=926609&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">장티푸스</a>, 예르시니아, 캠필로박터), 원충 대장염(아메바), 위막성 대장염이 있다. 본래 장내에는 수많은 세균들이 뒤섞여 있으며, 장내 점막과 세균총들이 일정한 생태계를 유지하면서 공존하고 있다. 그런데 병원성이 강한 세균이 장내에 들어오면 직접 장점막을 침범하거나, 이들이 내는 독소가 이러한 균형을 깨뜨려 세균성 장염이 발생한다. 결핵균에 의해서도 대장염이 발생하는데 만성적인 복통이나 <a href="/entry.naver?docId=927548&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">체중 감소</a>가 흔히 발생한다.<br><br>비감염성 대장염은 염증성 장질환(<a href="/entry.naver?docId=926899&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">크론병</a>, <a href="/entry.naver?docId=926872&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">궤양성 대장염</a>), 방사선성 대장염, <a href="/entry.naver?docId=926900&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">허혈성 대장염</a>, 베체트 장염, 약제유발성 장염 등이 있다. 염증성 장질환은 만성적으로 설사, 복통, 혈변, 체중 감소가 발생하고 재발이 흔하며, 내과적 치료에 반응하지 않거나 출혈, 천공 등의 합병증이 발생하면 수술이 필요하므로 정확한 진단과 치료가 중요하다. 허혈성 대장염은 노인이나 <a href="/entry.naver?docId=927329&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">고혈압</a> 및 심장질환을 갖고 있는 환자들에서 혈변과 복통이 발생하는 질환으로 대장으로 가는 혈류가 감소해서 발생한다. 베체트 장염은 <a href="/entry.naver?docId=926629&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">베체트병</a> 환자에서 소장이나 대장에 궤양이 발생하는 질환으로 재발이 흔하다. 방사선 장염은 악성종양으로 복부에 <a href="/entry.naver?docId=2119728&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">방사선 치료</a>를 받은 경우 발생하는 질환으로 복통이나 출혈이 흔하다. 약제 유발성 장염은 약물 복용과 관련되어 발생하는 질환으로 소염진통제가 가장 흔한 약물이다. 이러한 대장염들은 환자의 병력, 복부 진찰 및 소장 촬영, <a href="/entry.naver?docId=927609&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">대장내시경</a>, 복부 CT 검사 등을 통해 진단이 가능하다. <div class="thmb c"> <a href="/imageDetail.naver?docId=927345&imageUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fdbscthumb-phinf.pstatic.net%2F1983_000_3%2F20190318182705783_IT07FCEDU.jpg%2Fi1_AB000031_945.jpg%3Ftype%3Dm4500_4500_fst_n%26wm%3DY" target="_blank" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdy.imgal', '', '', event);"><img src="https://dbscthumb-phinf.pstatic.net/1983_000_3/20190318182705783_IT07FCEDU.jpg/i1_AB000031_945.jpg?type=w530_fst_n&wm=Y" width="266" height="231" alt="대장 내시경에 나타난 궤양성 대장염" origin_src="https://dbscthumb-phinf.pstatic.net/1983_000_3/20190318182705783_IT07FCEDU.jpg/i1_AB000031_945.jpg?type=m4500_4500_fst_n&wm=Y" origin_width="266" origin_height="231" source="서울대학교병원 의학정보" hasTitle="N" data-font-image="false" desc="" data-title="대장 내시경에 나타난 궤양성 대장염" data-seq="1"></a> <p class="thmb_desc" style="width:261px"><strong class="c-title">대장 내시경에 나타난 궤양성 대장염</strong> </p></div> <div class="thmb c"> <a href="/imageDetail.naver?docId=927345&imageUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fdbscthumb-phinf.pstatic.net%2F1983_000_3%2F20190403133038942_BDJIGVFMF.jpg%2F20190331_2157_02.jpg%3Ftype%3Dm4500_4500_fst_n%26wm%3DY" target="_blank" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdy.imgal', '', '', event);"><img src="https://dbscthumb-phinf.pstatic.net/1983_000_3/20190403133038942_BDJIGVFMF.jpg/20190331_2157_02.jpg?type=w530_fst_n&wm=Y" width="530" height="298" alt="대장염" origin_src="https://dbscthumb-phinf.pstatic.net/1983_000_3/20190403133038942_BDJIGVFMF.jpg/20190331_2157_02.jpg?type=m4500_4500_fst_n&wm=Y" origin_width="700" origin_height="394" source="서울대학교병원 의학정보" hasTitle="N" data-font-image="false" desc="" data-title="대장염" data-seq="2"></a> <p class="thmb_desc" style="width:525px"><strong class="c-title">대장염</strong> </p></div> </p> <h3 class="stress" id="TABLE_OF_CONTENT2">하위질병</h3> <p class="txt">급성 장염, 세균성 대장염, <a href="/entry.naver?docId=927017&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">세균성 이질</a>, <a href="/entry.naver?docId=926614&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">콜레라</a>, <a href="/entry.naver?docId=926609&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">장티푸스</a>, 여행자 설사, 바이러스성 대장염, 위막성 대장염, 아메바성 대장염, 염증성 장질환, <a href="/entry.naver?docId=926899&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">크론병</a>, <a href="/entry.naver?docId=926872&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">궤양성 대장염</a>, <a href="/entry.naver?docId=926900&ref=y" onclick="clickcr(this, 'bdk.creference', '', '', event);">허혈성 대장염</a>, 베체트 대장염, 약제 유발 대장염, 현미경적 대장염, 교원성 대장염, 림프구성 대장염, 방사선 대장염</p> </div> <div class="section_group cite_group"> <div class="section_area"> <h3 class="title">출처</h3> <div class="cite_area_wrap active"> <h3 class="blind">제공처 정보</h3> <div class="cite_area"> <div class="cite_info"> <strong class="title"> <a href="/list.naver?categoryId=51007" onclick="nclk(this, 'soc.source', '', '', 1);">서울대학교병원 의학정보</a> </strong> <a href="http://www.snuh.org/" class="url_link" target="_blank" onclick="nclk(this, 'soc.url', '', '', 1);">http://www.snuh.org/</a> </div> </div> <div class="writer_area"> <ul class="writer_list"> <li> <div class="cite_area"> <p class="writer_info"> <strong> 저자/제공처 </strong> <span class="writer"> <a href="/list.naver?searchId=au909" onclick="nclk(this, 'soc.expertname', '', '', 1);">서울대학교병원</a> </span> <a href="http://www.snuh.org" target="_blank" onclick="nclk(this, 'soc.expertlogo', '', '', 1);"> <img src="https://dbscthumb-phinf.pstatic.net/2713_000_1/20170523105254890_LMIM3BMHC.png/snu_logo.png?type=m1500" height="20" alt="서울대학교병원로고"> </a> <span class="sub_info"> <a href="https://tv.naver.com/snuh" class="url_link" target="_blank" onclick="nclk(this, 'soc.experurl', '', '', 1);">https://tv.naver.com/snuh</a> </span> </p> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <p class="cite_desc"><i class="ico_info"></i>본 콘텐츠의 저작권은 저자 또는 제공처에 있으며, 이를 무단 이용하는 경우 저작권법 등에 따라 법적책임을 질 수 있습니다.<br>외부 저작권자가 제공한 콘텐츠는 네이버의 입장과 다를 수 있습니다.</p> <p class="cite_desc"><i class="ico_info"></i>제공된 의학정보는 일반적인 사항으로 개개인의 특성을 반영하지 못합니다. 구체적인 사항에 대해서는 반드시 가까운 병원에 내원하여 상담을 받으시기 바랍니다.</p> <div class="end_btn"> <div id="t_like_layer" class="u_likeit u_likeit_list_module _reactionModule" style="visibility:hidden" data-sid="ENCYCLOPEDIA" data-did="ENCYCLOPEDIA" data-cid="927345"> <ul class="u_likeit_inline" role="radiogroup" aria-labelledby="u_likeit_title"> <li class="u_likeit_list useful" role="menuitem"> <a class="u_likeit_list_button _button" data-type="useful" data-log="RTC.useful|RTC.unuseful" href="#ratingbutton-useful" role="button" aria-selected="false"> <span class="u_likeit_list_name _label">유익해요</span> <span class="u_likeit_list_count _count">0</span> </a> </li> <li class="u_likeit_list want" role="presentation"> <a class="u_likeit_list_button _button" data-type="want" data-log="RTC.want|RTC.unwant" href="#ratingbutton-want" role="radio" aria-checked="false"> <span 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</div> </div> <div class="sub_cont_wrap" style="display:none"> <div class="info_tmp_wrap" id="graphDataArea" style="display:none"></div> <div class="info_tmp_wrap" id="sameMeaningTerms" style="display:none"></div> <div class="info_tmp_wrap" id="suggestThemeList" style="display:none"></div> </div> </div> <div class="aside" id="asideWrap" role="complementary"> <div class="section related"> <h3 class="section_title"> '<span class="text">대장염</span>' 비슷한 글 <em class="count">5</em> <a href="/alikeMeaning.naver?query=00056266" class="more_link" onclick="nclk(this, 'sim.more', '', '', 1);">전체보기</a> </h3> <ul class="section_list"> <li class="section_item"> <div class="desc"> <a href="https://terms.naver.com/entry.naver?docId=1920822&cid=50362&categoryId=50362" onclick="nclk(this, 'sim.title', '', '', 1);">대장염</a> <em class="cite">용어해설</em> </div> </li> <li class="section_item"> <div class="desc"> <a href="https://terms.naver.com/entry.naver?docId=1081345&cid=40942&categoryId=32774" 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