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class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Wikipedia%3AExternal+links" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Wikipedia%3AExternal+links" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Important_points_to_remember" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Important_points_to_remember"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Important points to remember</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Important_points_to_remember-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Restrictions_on_linking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Restrictions_on_linking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Restrictions on linking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Restrictions_on_linking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-What_to_link" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#What_to_link"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>What to link</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-What_to_link-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle What to link subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-What_to_link-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-What_can_normally_be_linked" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#What_can_normally_be_linked"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>What can normally be linked</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-What_can_normally_be_linked-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Links_to_be_considered" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Links_to_be_considered"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Links to be considered</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Links_to_be_considered-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Links_normally_to_be_avoided" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Links_normally_to_be_avoided"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Links normally to be avoided</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Links_normally_to_be_avoided-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Links normally to be avoided subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Links_normally_to_be_avoided-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Links_in_lists" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Links_in_lists"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Links in lists</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Links_in_lists-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Advertising and conflicts of interest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_biographies_of_living_persons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_biographies_of_living_persons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>In biographies of living persons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_biographies_of_living_persons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sites_requiring_registration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sites_requiring_registration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Sites requiring registration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sites_requiring_registration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-English-language_content" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-English-language_content"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Non-English-language content</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-English-language_content-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Redirection_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Redirection_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Redirection sites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Redirection_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rich_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rich_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Rich media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rich_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Linking_to_user-submitted_video_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Linking_to_user-submitted_video_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7.1</span> <span>Linking to user-submitted video sites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Linking_to_user-submitted_video_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Avoid_undue_weight_on_particular_points_of_view" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Avoid_undue_weight_on_particular_points_of_view"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Avoid undue weight on particular points of view</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Avoid_undue_weight_on_particular_points_of_view-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Linking_to_Wikidata" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Linking_to_Wikidata"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>Linking to Wikidata</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Linking_to_Wikidata-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Official_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Official_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Official links</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Official_links-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Official links subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Official_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Minimize_the_number_of_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minimize_the_number_of_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Minimize the number of links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minimize_the_number_of_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Longevity_of_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Longevity_of_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Longevity of links</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Longevity_of_links-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Longevity of links subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Longevity_of_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-What_can_be_done_with_a_dead_external_link" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#What_can_be_done_with_a_dead_external_link"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>What can be done with a dead external link</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-What_can_be_done_with_a_dead_external_link-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hijacked_and_re-registered_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hijacked_and_re-registered_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Hijacked and re-registered sites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hijacked_and_re-registered_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-How_to_link" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#How_to_link"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>How to link</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-How_to_link-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle How to link subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-How_to_link-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Specifying_protocols" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specifying_protocols"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Specifying protocols</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Specifying_protocols-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links_section" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links_section"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>External links section</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links_section-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Templates_for_external_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Templates_for_external_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Templates for external links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Templates_for_external_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References_and_citation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References_and_citation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>References and citation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References_and_citation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Linking_to_databases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Linking_to_databases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Linking to databases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Linking_to_databases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maintenance_and_review" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maintenance_and_review"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Maintenance and review</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maintenance_and_review-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Searching_for_URLs_in_external_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Searching_for_URLs_in_external_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Searching for URLs in external links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Searching_for_URLs_in_external_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Handling_disputes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Handling_disputes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Handling disputes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Handling_disputes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle See also subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Syntax" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syntax"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Syntax</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syntax-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maintenance_coordination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maintenance_coordination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Maintenance coordination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maintenance_coordination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>Other</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Wikipedia</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">External links</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 57 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">57 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="ويكيبيديا:وصلات خارجية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويكيبيديا:وصلات خارجية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%83%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97" title="উইকিপিডিয়া:বহিঃসংযোগ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিপিডিয়া:বহিঃসংযোগ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D1%8B%D1%88%D2%A1%D1%8B_%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Википедия:Тышҡы һылтанмалар – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Википедия:Тышҡы һылтанмалар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Уикипедия:Външни препратки – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уикипедия:Външни препратки" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Enlla%C3%A7os_externs" title="Viquipèdia:Enllaços externs – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Viquipèdia:Enllaços externs" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedie:Extern%C3%AD_odkazy" title="Wikipedie:Externí odkazy – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Wikipedie:Externí odkazy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Eksterne_henvisninger" title="Wikipedia:Eksterne henvisninger – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Wikipedia:Eksterne henvisninger" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Weblinks" title="Wikipedia:Weblinks – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wikipedia:Weblinks" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1:%CE%95%CE%BE%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%AF_%CF%83%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B9" title="Βικιπαίδεια:Εξωτερικοί σύνδεσμοι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βικιπαίδεια:Εξωτερικοί σύνδεσμοι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Enlaces_externos" title="Wikipedia:Enlaces externos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wikipedia:Enlaces externos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedio:Eksteraj_ligiloj" title="Vikipedio:Eksteraj ligiloj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vikipedio:Eksteraj ligiloj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="ویکی‌پدیا:پیوند به بیرون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویکی‌پدیا:پیوند به بیرون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Liens_externes" title="Wikipédia:Liens externes – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wikipédia:Liens externes" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedy:Keppelings_om_utens" title="Wikipedy:Keppelings om utens – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Wikipedy:Keppelings om utens" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Ligaz%C3%B3ns_externas" title="Wikipedia:Ligazóns externas – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Wikipedia:Ligazóns externas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE:%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B9%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%A1%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%93" title="વિકિપીડિયા:બાહ્ય કડીઓ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વિકિપીડિયા:બાહ્ય કડીઓ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%99%B8%EB%B6%80_%EB%A7%81%ED%81%AC" title="위키백과:외부 링크 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키백과:외부 링크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1:%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%B2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Վիքիպեդիա:Արտաքին հղումներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիքիպեդիա:Արտաքին հղումներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81" title="विकिपीडिया:बाहरी कड़ियाँ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विकिपीडिया:बाहरी कड़ियाँ" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Vanjske_poveznice" title="Wikipedija:Vanjske poveznice – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Wikipedija:Vanjske poveznice" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_luar" title="Wikipedia:Pranala luar – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wikipedia:Pranala luar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Collegamenti_esterni" title="Wikipedia:Collegamenti esterni – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Wikipedia:Collegamenti esterni" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94:%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="ויקיפדיה:קישורים חיצוניים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ויקיפדיה:קישורים חיצוניים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82%D2%9B%D1%8B_%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Уикипедия:Сыртқы сілтемелер – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Уикипедия:Сыртқы сілтемелер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedija:I%C5%A1orin%C4%97s_nuorodos" title="Vikipedija:Išorinės nuorodos – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vikipedija:Išorinės nuorodos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Википедија:Надворешни врски – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Википедија:Надворешни врски" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87" title="ويكيبيديا:لينكات برانيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ويكيبيديا:لينكات برانيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Pautan_luar" title="Wikipedia:Pautan luar – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wikipedia:Pautan luar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Pautan_lua" title="Wikipedia:Pautan lua – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Wikipedia:Pautan lua" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wanneer_extern_linken" title="Wikipedia:Wanneer extern linken – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wikipedia:Wanneer extern linken" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95" title="विकिपिडिया:बाह्य लिङ्क – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विकिपिडिया:बाह्य लिङ्क" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%96%E9%83%A8%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF" title="Wikipedia:外部リンク – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Wikipedia:外部リンク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Retningslinjer_for_eksterne_lenker" title="Wikipedia:Retningslinjer for eksterne lenker – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wikipedia:Retningslinjer for eksterne lenker" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Ligams_ext%C3%A8rnes" title="Wikipèdia:Ligams extèrnes – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Wikipèdia:Ligams extèrnes" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Zasady_wstawiania_link%C3%B3w_zewn%C4%99trznych" title="Wikipedia:Zasady wstawiania linków zewnętrznych – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wikipedia:Zasady wstawiania linków zewnętrznych" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Liga%C3%A7%C3%B5es_externas" title="Wikipédia:Ligações externas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wikipédia:Ligações externas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Leg%C4%83turi_externe" title="Wikipedia:Legături externe – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Wikipedia:Legături externe" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%92%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Википедия:Внешние ссылки – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Википедия:Внешние ссылки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lidhjet_e_jashtme" title="Wikipedia:Lidhjet e jashtme – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Wikipedia:Lidhjet e jashtme" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F:%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B3%E0%B7%92" title="විකිපීඩියා:බාහිර සබැඳි – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="විකිපීඩියා:බාහිර සබැඳි" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Links_to_other_websites" title="Wikipedia:Links to other websites – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wikipedia:Links to other websites" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Extern%C3%A9_odkazy" title="Wikipédia:Externé odkazy – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Wikipédia:Externé odkazy" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Zunanje_povezave" title="Wikipedija:Zunanje povezave – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Wikipedija:Zunanje povezave" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95_%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%DA%A9%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ویکیپیدیا:بەستەرە دەرەکییەکان – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ویکیپیدیا:بەستەرە دەرەکییەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%99%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Википедија:Спољашње везе – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Википедија:Спољашње везе" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Vanjske_veze" title="Wikipedija:Vanjske veze – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Wikipedija:Vanjske veze" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Aiheesta_muualla" title="Wikipedia:Aiheesta muualla – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wikipedia:Aiheesta muualla" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Externa_l%C3%A4nkar" title="Wikipedia:Externa länkar – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wikipedia:Externa länkar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE:%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="விக்கிப்பீடியா:வெளி இணைப்புகள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விக்கிப்பீடியா:வெளி இணைப்புகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="వికీపీడియా:బయటి లింకులు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వికీపీడియా:బయటి లింకులు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99" title="วิกิพีเดีย:แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิกิพีเดีย:แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D2%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Википедиа:Пайвандҳо ба берун – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Википедиа:Пайвандҳо ба берун" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedi:D%C4%B1%C5%9F_ba%C4%9Flant%C4%B1lar" title="Vikipedi:Dış bağlantılar – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vikipedi:Dış bağlantılar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F:%D0%97%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Вікіпедія:Зовнішні посилання – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вікіпедія:Зовнішні посилання" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Li%C3%AAn_k%E1%BA%BFt_ngo%C3%A0i" title="Wikipedia:Liên kết ngoài – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wikipedia:Liên kết ngoài" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%B0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A4%D6%BC%D7%A2%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A2:%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%99%D7%92%D7%A2_%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A7%D7%A2%D7%9F" title="װיקיפּעדיע:דרויסנדיגע לינקען – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="װיקיפּעדיע:דרויסנדיגע לינקען" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%96%E9%83%A8%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:外部链接 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Wikipedia:外部链接" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4657623#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit 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title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Wikipedia:External_links" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:External_links&oldid=1257944908" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a 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href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Wikivoyage:External_links" hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wiktionary mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:External_links" hreflang="en"><span>Wiktionary</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4657623" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This page is semi-protected."><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Wikipedia guideline on use of external links</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"WP:EL" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:EL_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Wikipedia:EL (disambiguation)">WP:EL (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable selfref">For specific cases where you would like to seek input from the community or may be able to help, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links/Noticeboard" title="Wikipedia:External links/Noticeboard">Wikipedia:External links/Noticeboard</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"WP:EXT" redirects here. For the extended-confirmed user group, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:XC" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:XC">WP:XC</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238436933">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Blue tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/30px-Blue_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/45px-Blue_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/60px-Blue_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>This page documents an English Wikipedia <a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_content_guidelines" title="Category:Wikipedia content guidelines">content guideline</a>.</b><br/><div style="font-size: 90%;">Editors should generally follow it, though <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_rules" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all rules">exceptions</a> may apply. Substantive edits to this page should reflect <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:PGCHANGE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:PGCHANGE">consensus</a>. 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With rare exceptions, external links should not be used in the body of an article.</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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.sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1247038941">.mw-parser-output .linking-and-page-manipulation{width:20em;background:#fdfdff}.mw-parser-output .linking-and-page-manipulation .sidebar-title{display:block;font-size:130%;padding:6px 0 6px 0;margin:6px 0px 6px 0px;background:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .linking-and-page-manipulation .sidebar-list-title{background:#eef}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .linking-and-page-manipulation{background-color:#101418;color:white}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .linking-and-page-manipulation .sidebar-title{background-color:#202122;color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .linking-and-page-manipulation{background-color:#101418;color:white}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .linking-and-page-manipulation .sidebar-title{background-color:#202122;color:white}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist linking-and-page-manipulation notheme"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Integrate" title="Wikipedia:Integrate">Linking and<br/>page manipulation</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Linking and diffs</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:URL" title="Help:URL">URLs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan" title="Wikipedia:Orphan">Orphans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">Interlanguage links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Interwiki_linking" title="Help:Interwiki linking">Interwiki linking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">External links</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:External_link_icons" title="Help:External link icons">External link icons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Plainlinks" title="Help:Plainlinks">Plainlinks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link_color" title="Help:Link color">Link color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Colon_trick" title="Help:Colon trick">Colon trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pipe_trick" title="Help:Pipe trick">Pipe trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Self_link" title="Help:Self link">Self links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:What_links_here" title="Help:What links here">What links here</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Linksearch" title="Help:Linksearch">Linksearch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Linking" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking">Manual of Style on linking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Navigation_template" title="Wikipedia:Navigation template">Navigation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hatnote" title="Wikipedia:Hatnote">Hatnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Links" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Links">Template index for links</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">Diffs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplest_diff_guide" title="Wikipedia:Simplest diff guide">Simplest diff guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simple_diff_and_link_guide" title="Wikipedia:Simple diff and link guide">Simple diff and link guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Complete_diff_and_link_guide" title="Wikipedia:Complete diff and link guide">Complete diff and link guide</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Categorization</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization" title="Wikipedia:Categorization">Categorization guideline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Classification" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Classification">Classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Container_category" title="Wikipedia:Container category">Container category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization">FAQ for categorization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categories" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Categories">FAQ for categories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categories,_lists,_and_navigation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Categories, lists, and navigation templates">Categories, lists, and navigation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorizing_articles_about_people" title="Wikipedia:Categorizing articles about people">Categorizing articles about people</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:People_by_year" title="Wikipedia:People by year">By year</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorizing_redirects" title="Wikipedia:Categorizing redirects">Redirect categories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_categories" title="Wikipedia:User categories">User categories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Overcategorization" title="Wikipedia:Overcategorization">Overcategorization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Overcategorization/User_categories" title="Wikipedia:Overcategorization/User categories">User categories</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Category_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Category namespace">Template index for categories</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Moving and redirecting</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:How_to_move_a_page" title="Help:How to move a page">How to move a page for beginners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect" title="Wikipedia:Redirect">Redirects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Moving_a_page" title="Wikipedia:Moving a page">Moving a page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requested_moves" title="Wikipedia:Requested moves">Requested moves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators%27_guide/Fixing_cut-and-paste_moves" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Administrators' guide/Fixing cut-and-paste moves">How to fix cut-and-paste moves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Moving_files_to_Commons" title="Wikipedia:Moving files to Commons">Moving files to Commons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Userfication" title="Wikipedia:Userfication">Userfication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:When_to_place_technical_requests_in_%22Administrator_needed%22" title="Help:When to place technical requests in "Administrator needed"">Non-admin and admin-only moves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Moving" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Moving">Template index for moving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Redirect_pages" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages">Template index for redirects</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Merging</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging" title="Wikipedia:Merging">Merging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Proposed_article_mergers" title="Wikipedia:Proposed article mergers">Proposed article mergers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_history_merge" title="Wikipedia:Requests for history merge">Requests for history merge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Merge_and_delete" title="Wikipedia:Merge and delete">Merge and delete?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Merge_what%3F" title="Wikipedia:Merge what?">Merge what?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Delete_or_merge" title="Wikipedia:Delete or merge">Delete or merge?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Merging" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Merging">Template index for merging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Merge" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Merge">WikiProject Merge</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Splitting</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Splitting" title="Wikipedia:Splitting">Splitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Splitting" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Splitting">Template index for splitting</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Importing and copying</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:How_to_import_articles" title="Help:How to import articles">How to import articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_page_importation" title="Wikipedia:Requests for page importation">Requests for page importation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Import" title="Help:Import">Import</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Export" title="Help:Export">Export</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia">Copying within Wikipedia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Protecting</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Protection" title="Help:Protection">Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy" title="Wikipedia:Protection policy">Protection policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:High-risk_templates" title="Wikipedia:High-risk templates">High-risk templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_page_protection" title="Wikipedia:Requests for page protection">Requests for page protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Rough_guide_to_semi-protection" title="Wikipedia:Rough guide to semi-protection">Rough guide to semi-protection</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Additional</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_create_a_page" title="Wikipedia:How to create a page">How to create a page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_creation" title="Wikipedia:Article creation">Article creation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_process" title="Wikipedia:Deletion process">Deletion process</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Linking_and_page_manipulation" title="Template:Linking and page manipulation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Linking_and_page_manipulation" title="Template talk:Linking and page manipulation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Linking_and_page_manipulation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Linking and page manipulation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Wikipedia articles may include <b>external links</b>, links to web pages outside Wikipedia. External links normally should not be placed in the body of an article. All external links must conform to certain formatting restrictions. </p><p>Some acceptable external links include those that contain further research that is accurate and on-topic, information that could not be added to the article for reasons such as <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyright</a> or amount of detail, or other meaningful, relevant content that is not suitable for inclusion in an article for reasons unrelated to its accuracy. </p><p>Some high-value external links are welcome (see <a href="#What_can_normally_be_linked">§ What can normally be linked</a>). However, the External links section <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:LINKFARM" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:LINKFARM">should not become</a> a lengthy or comprehensive list of external links related to each topic. No page should be linked from a Wikipedia article unless its inclusion is justifiable according to this guideline and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:COMMONSENSE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:COMMONSENSE">common sense</a>. The burden of providing this justification is on the person who wants to include an external link. </p><p>Besides those kinds of links listed in <a href="#Restrictions_on_linking">§ Restrictions on linking</a>, <strong>these external-link guidelines do not apply to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations to reliable sources</a> within the body of the article</strong>. </p><p>If the website or page to which you want to link includes information that is not yet a part of the article, consider using it as a source for the article, and citing it. Guidelines for sourcing, which include external links used as citations, are discussed at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">Wikipedia:Reliable sources</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Wikipedia:Citing sources</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Important_points_to_remember" data-mw-thread-id="h-Important_points_to_remember"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Important_points_to_remember"></span>Important points to remember<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Important_points_to_remember"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELPOINTS"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELPOINTS&redirect=no">WP:ELPOINTS</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <ol><li>This guideline <strong>does not apply</strong> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Inline_citation" title="Wikipedia:Inline citation">inline citations</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:GENREF" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:GENREF">general references</a>, which should appear in the "References" or "Notes" section (<i>see also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CS:EMBED" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CS:EMBED">WP:CS:EMBED</a></i>). <em>This specifically includes</em> e-commerce and other commercial-sales links, which are prohibited in External links but allowed in footnoted citations.<sup id="cite_ref-copyvio_exception_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-copyvio_exception-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:NOELBODY"></span><span id="WP:ELBODY"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:NOELBODY&redirect=no">WP:NOELBODY</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELBODY&redirect=no">WP:ELBODY</a></span></li></ul></div></div>With rare exceptions, external links should not be used in the <a href="/wiki/MOS:BODY" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:BODY">body</a> of an article.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead, include appropriate external links in an "External links" section at the end of the article, and in the appropriate location within an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Infoboxes" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Infoboxes">infobox</a>, if applicable.</li> <li>Links in the "External links" section should be kept to a minimum. A lack of external links or a small number of external links is <em>not</em> a reason to add external links.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:NOTPORTAL"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:NOTPORTAL&redirect=no">WP:NOTPORTAL</a></span></li></ul></div></div>In the "External links" section, try to avoid separate links to multiple pages in the same website, as if to provide a portal to that website; instead, try to find an appropriate linking page within the site.</li> <li>This guideline does not apply to <a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">links to non-English Wikipedia articles</a>: <ul><li>those that appear in the sidebar by default, which are either sourced from <a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a> or added manually to the page's wikitext after the External links section, or</li> <li>those generated by the <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Interlanguage_link" title="Template:Interlanguage link">interlanguage link</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template for articles that are absent from English Wikipedia.</li></ul></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Restrictions_on_linking" data-mw-thread-id="h-Restrictions_on_linking"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Restrictions_on_linking"></span>Restrictions on linking<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Restrictions_on_linking"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELNEVER"></span><span id="WP:COPYVIOEL"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELNEVER&redirect=no">WP:ELNEVER</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:COPYVIOEL&redirect=no">WP:COPYVIOEL</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights#Linking_to_copyrighted_works" title="Wikipedia:Copyrights">Wikipedia:Copyrights § Linking to copyrighted works</a></div> <p>For <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:LOP" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:LOP">policy</a> or technical reasons, editors are restricted from linking to the following, <b>without exception</b>: </p> <ol><li>Policy: material that violates the copyrights of others per <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights#Linking_to_copyrighted_works" title="Wikipedia:Copyrights">contributors' rights and obligations</a> should not be linked, whether in an external-links section or in a citation.<sup id="cite_ref-copyvio_exception_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-copyvio_exception-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> External links to websites that display copyrighted works are acceptable as long as the website is manifestly run, maintained or owned by the copyright owner; the owner has licensed the content in a way that allows the website to use it; or the website uses the work in a way compliant with <a href="/wiki/Fair_use" title="Fair use">fair use</a>. Knowingly directing others to material that violates copyright might be considered <a href="/wiki/Contributory_copyright_infringement" title="Contributory copyright infringement">contributory copyright infringement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If there is reason to believe that a website has a copy of a work in violation of its copyright, do not link to it. Linking to a page that illegally distributes someone else's work casts a bad light on Wikipedia and its editors. <i>This is particularly relevant when linking to sites such as <a href="/wiki/Scribd" title="Scribd">Scribd</a>, <a href="/wiki/WikiLeaks" title="WikiLeaks">WikiLeaks</a>, or <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>, where due care should be taken to avoid linking to material that violates copyright.</i></li> <li>Technical: sites that match the <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki_talk:Spam-blacklist" title="MediaWiki talk:Spam-blacklist">Wikipedia-specific</a> or <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Spam_blacklist" class="extiw" title="m:Spam blacklist">multi-site</a> blacklist without being <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Spam-whitelist" title="MediaWiki:Spam-whitelist">whitelisted</a>. Edits containing such links are automatically blocked from being saved.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="What_to_link" data-mw-thread-id="h-What_to_link"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-What_to_link"></span>What to link<span data-mw-comment-end="h-What_to_link"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links/Perennial_websites" title="Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites">Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites</a></div> <p>There are several things that should be considered when adding an external link. </p> <ul><li>Is the site content <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accessibility" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Accessibility">accessible</a> to the reader?</li> <li>Is the site content proper in the context of the article (useful, tasteful, informative, factual, etc.)?</li> <li>Is the link functioning and likely to remain functional?</li></ul> <p>Each link should be considered on its merits, using the following guidelines. As the number of external links in an article grows longer, assessment should become stricter. When in doubt about the appropriateness of adding new links, make a suggestion on the article's talkpage and discuss with other editors. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="What_can_normally_be_linked" data-mw-thread-id="h-What_can_normally_be_linked-What_to_link"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-What_can_normally_be_linked-What_to_link"></span>What can normally be linked <span id="What_should_be_linked"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-What_can_normally_be_linked-What_to_link"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELYES"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELYES&redirect=no">WP:ELYES</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <ol><li><span class="anchor" id="YES_1"></span>Wikipedia articles about any organization, person, website, or other entity should link to the subject's official site, if any. See <a href="#Official_links">§ Official links</a>.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="YES_2"></span>An article about a book, a musical score, or some other media should link to a site hosting a legally distributed copy of the work, so long as none of the <a href="#Restrictions_on_linking">§ Restrictions on linking</a> and <a href="#Links_normally_to_be_avoided">§ Links normally to be avoided</a> criteria apply.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="YES_3"></span>Sites that contain neutral and accurate material that is relevant to an encyclopedic understanding of the subject and cannot be integrated into the Wikipedia article due to copyright issues,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> amount of detail (such as professional athlete statistics, movie or television credits, interview transcripts, or online textbooks), or other reasons.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Links_to_be_considered" data-mw-thread-id="h-Links_to_be_considered-What_to_link"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Links_to_be_considered-What_to_link"></span>Links to be considered<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Links_to_be_considered-What_to_link"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELMAYBE"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELMAYBE&redirect=no">WP:ELMAYBE</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <ol><li><span class="anchor" id="MAYBE_1"></span>Professional reviews of creative works should generally be used as sources in a "Reception" section, but high-quality professional reviews which are not needed as sources for article content may be suitable for inclusion as external links, subject to the limit described in <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ELNO#EL1" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:ELNO">WP:ELNO#EL1</a>.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="MAYBE_2"></span>Very large pages, such as <a href="#Rich_media">pages containing rich media files</a>, should be considered case by case. Worldwide, many use Wikipedia with a low-speed connection. Unusually large pages or ones that include file formats that will require plug-ins should be annotated as such.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="MAYBE_3"></span>A well-chosen link to a <a href="/wiki/List_of_web_directories" title="List of web directories">directory of websites</a> or organizations. Long lists of links in articles <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTLINK" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTLINK">are not acceptable</a>. A directory link may be a permanent link or a temporary measure put in place while external links are being discussed on the article's talk page.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="MAYBE_4"></span>Sites that fail to meet criteria for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:RS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:RS">reliable sources</a> yet still contain information about the subject of the article from knowledgeable sources.</li> <li>Links to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">Wikimedia sister projects</a> with relevant material.</li> <li>Links to <a href="/wiki/Finding_aid" title="Finding aid">finding aids</a>.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Links_normally_to_be_avoided" data-mw-thread-id="h-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span>Links normally to be avoided <span id="AVOID"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELNO"></span><span id="WP:LINKSTOAVOID"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELNO&redirect=no">WP:ELNO</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:LINKSTOAVOID&redirect=no">WP:LINKSTOAVOID</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"WP:FANSITE" redirects here. For "Wikipedia is not a fansite", see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTFANSITE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTFANSITE">WP:NOTFANSITE</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links/Perennial_websites" title="Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites">Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites</a></div> <p><strong>Except for <a href="#Official_links">a link to an official page of the article's subject</a></strong>, one should generally avoid providing external links to: </p> <ol><li><span class="anchor" id="EL1"></span><span class="anchor" id="not_unique"></span>Any site that does not provide a unique resource beyond <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_article_criteria" title="Wikipedia:Featured article criteria">what the article would contain if it became a featured article</a>. In other words, the site should not merely repeat information that is already <i>or should be</i> in the article. Links that may be used to improve the page in the future can be placed on the article's talk page (see <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Refideas" title="Template:Refideas">refideas</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>).</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL2"></span><span class="anchor" id="misleading"></span>Any site that misleads the reader by use of factually inaccurate material or unverifiable research, except to a limited extent in articles about the viewpoints that the site is presenting.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL3"></span><span class="anchor" id="malware"></span>Sites containing malware, malicious scripts, trojan exploits, or content that is illegal to access in the United States. Suspected malware sites can be reported by following the instructions at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam_blacklist" title="Wikipedia:Spam blacklist">Wikipedia:Spam blacklist</a>.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL4"></span><span class="anchor" id="promotion"></span>Links mainly intended to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:PROMOTION" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:PROMOTION">promote</a> a website, including <a href="/wiki/Online_petition" title="Online petition">online petitions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crowdfunding" title="Crowdfunding">crowdfunding</a> pages. See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam#External_link_spamming" title="Wikipedia:Spam">Wikipedia:Spam § External link spamming</a>.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL5"></span><span class="anchor" id="adverts"></span>Individual web pages<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that primarily exist to sell products or services, or to web pages with objectionable amounts of advertising. For example, the <a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone" title="Mobile phone">mobile phone</a> article should not link to web pages that mostly promote or advertise cell-phone products or services.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL6"></span><span class="anchor" id="payment"></span>Sites that require payment or registration to view the relevant content, unless <a href="#Official_links">the site itself is the subject of the article</a>, or the link is a convenience link to a citation.<sup id="cite_ref-NotRef_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NotRef-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> See <a href="#Sites_requiring_registration">§ Sites requiring registration</a>.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL7"></span><span class="anchor" id="inaccessible"></span>Sites that are inaccessible to a substantial number of users, such as sites that work only with a specific browser or in a specific country.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL8"></span><span class="anchor" id="Flash"></span><span class="anchor" id="Java"></span>Direct links to documents that require external applications or <a href="/wiki/Plug-in_(computing)" title="Plug-in (computing)">plugins</a> to view the content, unless the article is about such file formats. See <a href="#Rich_media">§ Rich media</a> for more details.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL9"></span><span class="anchor" id="search_engine"></span>Any search results pages, such as links to individual website searches, <a href="/wiki/Search_engine_results_page" title="Search engine results page">search engines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Search_aggregator" title="Search aggregator">search aggregators</a>, or <a href="/wiki/RSS_feeds" class="mw-redirect" title="RSS feeds">RSS feeds</a>.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL10"></span><span class="anchor" id="social"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:NOSOCIAL"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:NOSOCIAL&redirect=no">WP:NOSOCIAL</a></span></li></ul></div></div><a href="/wiki/Social_network_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Social network service">Social networking sites</a> (such as <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>, <a href="/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn">LinkedIn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Instagram" title="Instagram">Instagram</a>, and <a href="/wiki/TikTok" title="TikTok">TikTok</a>), chat or <a href="/wiki/Discussion_forum" class="mw-redirect" title="Discussion forum">discussion forums</a>/groups (such as <a href="/wiki/Facebook_Groups" class="mw-redirect" title="Facebook Groups">Facebook Groups</a>), <a href="/wiki/Usenet" title="Usenet">Usenet</a> newsgroups or email lists.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL11"></span><span class="anchor" id="blog"></span><span class="anchor" id="Blogs"></span><span class="anchor" id="NOBLOGS"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:NOBLOGS"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:NOBLOGS&redirect=no">WP:NOBLOGS</a></span></li></ul></div></div><a href="/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">Blogs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Personal_web_page" title="Personal web page">personal web pages</a>, and most <a href="/wiki/Fansite" title="Fansite">fansites</a> (negative ones included), except those written by a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">recognized authority</a>. (This exception for blogs, etc., controlled by recognized authorities is meant to be very limited; as a minimum standard, recognized authorities who are individuals always meet <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(people)" title="Wikipedia:Notability (people)">Wikipedia's notability criteria for people</a>.)</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL12"></span><span class="anchor" id="wiki"></span>Open <a href="/wiki/Wiki" title="Wiki">wikis</a>, except those with a substantial history of stability and a substantial number of editors. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mirrors_and_forks" title="Wikipedia:Mirrors and forks">Mirrors or forks</a> of Wikipedia should not be linked.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL13"></span><span class="anchor" id="general"></span>Sites that are only indirectly related to the article's subject: the link should be directly related to the subject of the article. A general site that has information about a variety of subjects should usually not be linked from an article on a more specific subject. Similarly, a website on a specific subject should usually not be linked from an article about a general subject. If a section of a general website is devoted to the subject of the article and meets the other criteria for linking, then that part of the site could be <a href="/wiki/Deep_linking" title="Deep linking">deep linked</a>.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL14"></span><span class="anchor" id="list"></span>Lists of links to manufacturers, suppliers, or customers.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL15"></span><span class="anchor" id="use_tool"></span>Sites already linked through Wikipedia sourcing tools.<sup id="cite_ref-NotRef_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NotRef-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, instead of linking to a commercial book site, consider <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ISBN" title="Wikipedia:ISBN">the "ISBN" linking format</a>, which gives readers an opportunity to search a wide variety of free and non-free book sources. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Map_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Map sources">Map sources</a> can be linked by using <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style_(dates_and_numbers)#Geographical_coordinates" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style (dates and numbers)">geographical coordinates</a>.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL16"></span><span class="anchor" id="unreliable"></span>Sites that are not reliably functional or not likely to continue being functional. For example, links to temporary internet content, where the link is unlikely to remain operable for a useful amount of time (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Instagram_Stories" class="mw-redirect" title="Instagram Stories">Instagram Stories</a>).</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL17"></span><span class="anchor" id="referral"></span><a href="/wiki/Affiliate_marketing" title="Affiliate marketing">Affiliate</a>, tracking or <a href="/wiki/Referral_marketing" title="Referral marketing">referral</a> links, i.e., links that contain information about who is to be credited for readers that follow the link. If the source itself is helpful, use a neutral link without the tracking information.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL18"></span><span class="anchor" id="navpage"></span>External links on Wikipedia <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Navigation_template" title="Wikipedia:Navigation template">navigation templates</a> or navigation pages such as <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disambiguation" title="Wikipedia:Disambiguation">disambiguation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect" title="Wikipedia:Redirect">redirect</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization" title="Wikipedia:Categorization">category</a> pages.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="EL19"></span><span class="anchor" id="organizations"></span>Websites of organizations mentioned in an article—unless they otherwise qualify as something that <a href="#What_can_normally_be_linked">should be linked</a> or <a href="#Links_to_be_considered">considered</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NotRef_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NotRef-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Links_in_lists" data-mw-thread-id="h-Links_in_lists-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Links_in_lists-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span>Links in lists<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Links_in_lists-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELLIST"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELLIST&redirect=no">WP:ELLIST</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>External link sections are not prohibited at the end of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Stand-alone_lists" title="Wikipedia:Stand-alone lists">stand-alone lists</a> or at the end of articles that contain <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:EMBED" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:EMBED">embedded lists</a>. However, the lists themselves should not be composed entirely of external links. These lists are primarily intended to provide direct information and internal navigation, not to be a directory of sites on the web. </p><p>Lists in Wikipedia articles may take any of multiple forms, including <a href="/wiki/Unordered_list" class="mw-redirect" title="Unordered list">bullet lists</a> (most common), numbered lists, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:HLIST" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:HLIST">horizontal lists</a>, tables (standard for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_lists" title="Wikipedia:Featured lists">Wikipedia:Featured lists</a>), etc. The rules about whether to include an external link in a list apply regardless of the method used to format the list. </p><p>This section <b>does not apply</b> if the external link is serving as a citation to a reliable source for a stand-alone list entry that otherwise meets that list's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:LSC" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:LSC">inclusion criteria</a> (e.g., newspaper articles or poll results). To determine whether an item should be included in the list at all, refer to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:LSC" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:LSC">the inclusion criteria for the list you are editing</a>. To determine how to format citations to reliable sources, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Wikipedia:Citing sources</a>. For advice on how to format a bibliography or other list of works (e.g., a list of books or articles written by an author), see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists_of_works#Publications_(Works,_Bibliography)" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists of works">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists of works#Publications (Works, Bibliography)</a> instead of this guideline. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Acceptable and unacceptable use of links in a list of restaurants </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>List</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alice%27s_Restaurant" title="Alice's Restaurant">Alice's Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babette%27s_Feast" title="Babette's Feast">Babette's Feast</a></li> <li>La Ratatouille</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Restaurant_at_the_End_of_the_Universe" title="The Restaurant at the End of the Universe">The Restaurant at the End of the Universe</a></li></ul> <p><b>External links</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//example.com">Restaurant guide</a></li></ul> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"><b>List</b> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//example.com">Alice's Restaurant</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//example.com">Babette's Feast</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//example.com">La Ratatouille</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//example.com">The Restaurant at the End of the Universe</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In other cases, such as for lists of political candidates, websites, and software, a list may be formatted as a table, and appropriate external links can be displayed compactly within the table: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Election results </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Candidate</th> <th>Political party</th> <th>Official website</th> <th>Votes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alice_and_Bob" title="Alice and Bob">Alice</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republocrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Republocrat">Republocrat</a></td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.example.com">https://www.example.com</a></td> <td>51%<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1255586131">.mw-parser-output .fakelinks{color:var(--color-progressive,#0645ad);cursor:default}.mw-parser-output .fakelinks:hover{color:var(--color-progressive--hover,#0645ad)}</style><sup class="reference nowrap ltr fakelinks">[1]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alice_and_Bob" title="Alice and Bob">Bob</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Demican" class="mw-redirect" title="Demican">Demican</a></td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.example.com">https://www.example.com</a></td> <td>47%<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1255586131"><sup class="reference nowrap ltr fakelinks">[1]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1255586240">.mw-parser-output .fakeredlinks{color:var(--color-destructive,#ba0000);cursor:default}.mw-parser-output .fakeredlinks:hover{color:var(--color-destructive--hover,#ba0000)}</style><span title="Carol" class="fakeredlinks">Carol</span></td> <td>Greebertarian</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.example.com">https://www.example.com</a></td> <td>2%<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1255586131"><sup class="reference nowrap ltr fakelinks">[1]</sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Table-style formatting is not required. If the list contains more information than the names, one non-table formatting option looks like this: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alice_and_Bob" title="Alice and Bob">Alice</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republocrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Republocrat">Republocrat</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://example.com%7Cexample.com">[1]</a>) – campaigned on her expertise and won 51% of the vote.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1255586131"><sup class="reference nowrap ltr fakelinks">[1]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_and_Bob" title="Alice and Bob">Bob</a> (<a href="/wiki/Demican" class="mw-redirect" title="Demican">Demican</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://example.com%7Cexample.com">[2]</a>) – campaigned on his business acumen and received 47% of the vote.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1255586131"><sup class="reference nowrap ltr fakelinks">[1]</sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1255586240"><span title="Carol" class="fakeredlinks">Carol</span> (Greebertarian, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://example.com%7Cexample.com">[3]</a>) – received 2% of the vote.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1255586131"><sup class="reference nowrap ltr fakelinks">[1]</sup></li></ul> <p>In some cases, these links may serve as both <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ELOFFICIAL" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:ELOFFICIAL">official links</a> and as <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Inline_citation" title="Wikipedia:Inline citation">inline citations</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:PSTS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:PSTS">primary sources</a>. In the case of elections or other one-time events, it may be desirable to replace the original links with links to <a href="/wiki/Help:Using_the_Wayback_Machine" title="Help:Using the Wayback Machine">archived copies</a> when the event is over. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest" data-mw-thread-id="h-Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span>Advertising and conflicts of interest <span id="ADV"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ADV"></span><span id="WP:EL#ADV"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ADV&redirect=no">WP:ADV</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:EL&redirect=no#ADV">WP:EL#ADV</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main pages: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest" title="Wikipedia:Conflict of interest">Wikipedia:Conflict of interest</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam" title="Wikipedia:Spam">Wikipedia:Spam</a></div> <p>A link from Wikipedia to an external site may drive Web traffic to that site, as a few readers may click on the link while reading the Wikipedia article. Adding your website to Wikipedia will not help with <a href="/wiki/Search_engine_optimization" title="Search engine optimization">search engine optimization</a>, because <b><a href="/wiki/Nofollow" title="Nofollow">Google and other search engines ignore links on Wikipedia</a></b>. In line with Wikipedia policies, you should avoid linking to a site that you own, maintain, or represent—even if Wikipedia guidelines seem to imply that it may otherwise be linked. When in doubt, you may go to the talk page and let another editor decide. This suggestion is in line with Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest" title="Wikipedia:Conflict of interest">conflict-of-interest</a> guidelines. </p><p>Wikipedia uses the same standards for evaluating links to websites owned by for-profit and (real or purported) non-profit organizations. Links to potentially revenue-generating web pages are not prohibited, even though the website owner might earn money through advertisements, sales, or (in the case of non-profit organizations) donations. Choose which pages to link based on the immediate benefit to Wikipedia readers that click on the link, not based on the organization's tax status or your guess at whether the website's owner might earn money from the link. </p><p>A few parties now appear to have a spambot capable of spamming wikis from several different wiki engines, analogous to the submitter scripts for guestbooks and blogs. If you see a bot inserting external links, please consider checking the other language wikis to see if the attack is widespread. If it is, please <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Spam_blacklist" class="extiw" title="m:Talk:Spam blacklist">report it</a> on Meta; they can put in a Wikimedia-wide text filter. Administrators will <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">block</a> unauthorized <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bots" title="Wikipedia:Bots">bots</a> on sight. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_biographies_of_living_persons" data-mw-thread-id="h-In_biographies_of_living_persons-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-In_biographies_of_living_persons-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span>In biographies of living persons<span data-mw-comment-end="h-In_biographies_of_living_persons-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELBLP"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELBLP&redirect=no">WP:ELBLP</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons</a></div> <p>In biographies of living persons, material available solely in questionable sources or sources of dubious value should be handled with caution, and, if derogatory, should not be used at all, either as sources or via external links. External links in biographies of living persons must be of high quality and are judged by a higher standard than for other articles. Do not link to websites that are not fully compliant with this guideline or that contradict the spirit of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:BLP" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:BLP">WP:BLP</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sites_requiring_registration" data-mw-thread-id="h-Sites_requiring_registration-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Sites_requiring_registration-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span>Sites requiring registration <span id="registration"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Sites_requiring_registration-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELREG"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELREG&redirect=no">WP:ELREG</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p><b>Outside of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a></b>,<sup id="cite_ref-NotRef_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NotRef-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> external links to websites that require registration or a paid subscription to view should be avoided because they are of limited use to most readers. <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> and many online newspapers require registration to access some or all of their content, while some require a subscription. Online magazines frequently require subscriptions to access their sites or for premium content. If old newspaper and magazine articles are archived, there may be a fee for accessing them. </p><p>A site that requires registration or a subscription should not be linked unless the website itself is the topic of the article (see <a href="#Official_links">§ Official links</a>) or the link is part of an inline reference (see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Wikipedia:Citing sources</a>). Bibliographic citations should normally cite the most authoritative source for the publication (e.g., a copy of the newspaper article on the original newspaper's website rather than a copy on someone's blog), but may add a link to a free version if one is available and not a copyright violation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-English-language_content" data-mw-thread-id="h-Non-English-language_content-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Non-English-language_content-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span>Non-English-language content <span id="not_English"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Non-English-language_content-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:NONENGEL"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:NONENGEL&redirect=no">WP:NONENGEL</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p><b>Outside of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a></b>,<sup id="cite_ref-NotRef_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NotRef-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> external links to English-language content are strongly preferred in the English-language Wikipedia. It may be appropriate to have a link to a non-English-language site, such as when an <a href="#Official_links">official site</a> is unavailable in English; or when the link is to the subject's text in its original language; or when the site contains visual aids such as maps, diagrams, or tables—per the guideline on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style_(links)#Non-English-language_sites" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style (links)">non-English-language sites</a>. </p><p>When linking to a site in a non-English language under the exceptions above, label the link with <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:In_lang" title="Template:In lang">In lang</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, available for most languages, using two-letter language codes: for example, <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:In_lang" title="Template:In lang">In lang</a>|es}}</code>, <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:In_lang" title="Template:In lang">In lang</a>|fr}}</code>, etc. Place the language label after the link (e.g., <code>[https://de.wikipedia.org/ German Wikipedia] {{In lang|de}}</code>). </p><p>Note that this guideline does not apply to references. See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Non-English_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">Verifiability § Non-English sources</a> for Wikipedia's standards for published reliable sources that are not written in English. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Redirection_sites" data-mw-thread-id="h-Redirection_sites-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Redirection_sites-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span>Redirection sites <span id="redirect"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Redirection_sites-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span></h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/URL_redirection" title="URL redirection">URL redirection</a> sites are not to be used. Examples of these sites include <a href="/wiki/TinyURL" title="TinyURL">tinyurl.com</a>, tiny.cc and the <a href="/wiki/.tk" title=".tk">.tk</a> top level domain. Most of these sites are listed in the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Spam_blacklist" class="extiw" title="m:Spam blacklist">m:Spam blacklist</a> because they are frequently abused by link spammers, which means that it is not possible to save a page that contains such a link. Because <a href="/wiki/URL" title="URL">URL</a> redirection sites are added to the blacklist whenever abuse occurs, you may create problems for future editors by using them. Adding links to <a href="/wiki/Anonymous_web_proxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Anonymous web proxy">web proxies</a> is prohibited for a similar reason. Instead, one should add a link to the original URL. </p><p>It is generally preferred to link to the exact destination of a link. For instance, if example.com is an automatic redirect to example.org/example, it is better to link to the exact page, even if the webmaster considers the redirect address to be more official. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rich_media" data-mw-thread-id="h-Rich_media-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Rich_media-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span>Rich media <span id="rich_media"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Rich_media-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:RICHMEDIA"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:RICHMEDIA&redirect=no">WP:RICHMEDIA</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>It is acceptable to link to pages rendered in normal <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> or <a href="/wiki/Plain_text" title="Plain text">plain text</a>, but this is not always the case with pages using <a href="/wiki/Rich_media" class="mw-redirect" title="Rich media">rich media</a> formats (which may be incompatible with many users' settings and browsers). Check that the <a href="/wiki/Content_type" class="mw-redirect" title="Content type">content type</a> of the linked page is <code>text/html</code>, <code>text/plain</code>, or <code>application/xhtml+xml</code> (or another XHTML content type) as some pages may instead be rendered solely by platform-dependent <a href="/wiki/Plug-in_(computing)" title="Plug-in (computing)">plugins</a>. Try to avoid directly linking to any content that requires special software, or an add-on to a browser. It is always preferred to link to a page rendered in normal HTML that contains embedded links to the rich media. </p><p>Where a link to rich media is deemed appropriate, either as a direct link or embedded within an HTML page, an explicit indication of the technology needed to access the relevant content must be given, as in the following example: </p> <ul><li>Berkowitz, Joel, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090325083134/http://yiddishbookcenter.org/pdf/pt/44/PT44_goldfaden.pdf">"Avrom Goldfaden and the Modern Yiddish Theater: The Bard of Old Constantine"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Portable_Document_Format" class="mw-redirect" title="Portable Document Format">PDF</a>), <i>Pakn Treger</i>, no. 44, Winter 2004, 10–19.</li></ul> <p>Note that MediaWiki software will provide small icons for several types of outgoing links, such as the PDF example above, but text that makes it explicit is still helpful for the reader. </p><p>If an external link is to a page that automatically plays music or other sounds when visited, please add the template <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Plays_audio" title="Template:Plays audio">plays audio</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> as a courtesy, according to the <a href="/wiki/Principle_of_least_surprise" class="mw-redirect" title="Principle of least surprise">principle of least surprise</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Linking_to_user-submitted_video_sites" data-mw-thread-id="h-Linking_to_user-submitted_video_sites-Rich_media"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Linking_to_user-submitted_video_sites-Rich_media"></span>Linking to user-submitted video sites<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Linking_to_user-submitted_video_sites-Rich_media"></span></h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:YOUTUBE"></span><span id="WP:YT"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:YOUTUBE&redirect=no">WP:YOUTUBE</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:YT&redirect=no">WP:YT</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Video_links" title="Wikipedia:Video links">Wikipedia:Video links</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"WP:YOUTUBE" redirects here. For the essay on Wikipedia is not YouTube, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTYOUTUBE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTYOUTUBE">WP:NOTYOUTUBE</a>. For WikiProject YouTube, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:YTP" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:YTP">WP:YTP</a>. For the use of YouTube as a source, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:RSPYT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:RSPYT">WP:RSPYT</a>.</div> <p>While there is no blanket ban on linking to <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> or other user-submitted video sites, the links must abide by the guidelines on this page. (See <a href="#Restrictions_on_linking">§ Restrictions on linking</a> and <a href="#Links_normally_to_be_avoided">§ Links normally to be avoided</a>.) Many videos hosted on YouTube or similar sites do <b>not</b> meet the standards for inclusion in External links sections, and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:COPYLINK" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:COPYLINK">copyright</a> is of particular concern. Many YouTube videos of newscasts, shows, or other content of interest to Wikipedia visitors are copyright violations and <b>should not</b> be linked, either in the article or in citations. Links should be evaluated for inclusion with due care on a case-by-case basis. Links to online videos should also identify additional software necessary for readers to view the content. </p><p>Most <a href="/wiki/URL_shortening" title="URL shortening">URL shorteners</a>, including youtu.be, are banned. Use the full domain name (youtube.com) instead. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Avoid_undue_weight_on_particular_points_of_view" data-mw-thread-id="h-Avoid_undue_weight_on_particular_points_of_view-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Avoid_undue_weight_on_particular_points_of_view-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span>Avoid undue weight on particular points of view<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Avoid_undue_weight_on_particular_points_of_view-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELPOV"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELPOV&redirect=no">WP:ELPOV</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>On articles with multiple points of view, avoid providing links too great in number or weighted to one point of view, or that give undue weight to minority views. Add comments to these links informing the reader of their point of view. If one point of view dominates informed opinion, that should be represented first. For more information, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">Wikipedia:Neutral point of view</a>—in particular, Wikipedia's guidelines on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view#Undue_weight" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">undue weight</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Linking_to_Wikidata" data-mw-thread-id="h-Linking_to_Wikidata-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Linking_to_Wikidata-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span>Linking to Wikidata<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Linking_to_Wikidata-Links_normally_to_be_avoided"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELWD"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELWD&redirect=no">WP:ELWD</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a> should not be linked to within the body of an article except in the manner of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Hidden_text" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Hidden text"><i>hidden</i> comment(s)</a> mentioning the <a href="/wiki/Help:Wikidata#Access_from_Wikipedia_and_links" title="Help:Wikidata">Q-number</a>. For further information, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Manual_of_Style/Archive_204#New_RFC_on_linking_to_Wikidata" title="Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style/Archive 204">this discussion</a>. Note that the "Wikidata item" sidebar item also links to the relevant item when sitelinked. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Official_links" data-mw-thread-id="h-Official_links"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Official_links"></span>Official links<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Official_links"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELOFFICIAL"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELOFFICIAL&redirect=no">WP:ELOFFICIAL</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>An official link is a link to a website or other Internet service that meets both of the following criteria: </p> <ol><li>The linked content is controlled by the subject (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CORP" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CORP">organization</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:BLP" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:BLP">individual person</a>) of the Wikipedia article.</li> <li>The linked content primarily covers the area for which the subject of the article is notable.</li></ol> <p>Official links (if any) are provided to give the reader the opportunity to see what the subject says about itself. These links are normally exempt from the <a href="#Links_normally_to_be_avoided">links normally to be avoided</a>, but they are not exempt from the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ELNEVER" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:ELNEVER">restrictions on linking</a>. For example, although links to websites that require readers to register or pay to view content are <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:EL#EL6" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:EL">normally not acceptable</a> in the ==External links== section, such a link may be included when it is an official website for the subject. This exemption does not allow for additional "official" links such as those found on <a href="/wiki/Crowd_funding" class="mw-redirect" title="Crowd funding">fundraising</a> websites. </p><p>Official links are still subject to standard formatting requirements, such as <a href="#Rich_media">rich media labeling</a> and not placing links in the text of the article. When an official website is used as a source to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SPS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:SPS">verify a self-published statement</a> in the article text, it should be formatted like any other reference used in the article.<sup id="cite_ref-NotRef_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NotRef-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The official website should be included in <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:INFOBOX" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:INFOBOX">infoboxes</a> such as <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Infobox_company" title="Template:Infobox company">infobox company</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-Piccardi-2021_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Piccardi-2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and by convention are listed first in the ==External links== section. Use of the template <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Official_website" title="Template:Official website">official website</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> is optional. </p><p>No official link exists for many articles. <a href="/wiki/Fansite" title="Fansite">Fansites</a>, including everything from websites run by fans of a musician to a charitable organization supporting patients with a disease, even if they are endorsed or authorized by the subject, are not considered official websites because the subject of the article cannot control the information being presented. Links to websites that are not considered official websites may still be justifiable under other sections of this guideline, e.g., <a href="#Links_to_be_considered">Links to consider</a> #4. If editors agree to include a link to a major fansite, they <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTFANSITE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTFANSITE">should not link to more than one</a>. </p><p>Web sites sometimes get hijacked or hacked. This is often done to serve malware. If an official site is serving malware, its URL should be hidden until the website is cleaned up. This can usually be accomplished by commenting out the website using the procedure at <a href="/wiki/Help:Hidden_text" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Hidden text">Help:Hidden text</a> along with a note in the comment explaining that the official site is a malware site. Some templates allow you to hide compromised sites by setting a <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url-status=</code> parameter to <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">unfit</code> or <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">usurped</code> and providing a link to an archived copy of the site before it was compromised. The website could also be inserted by an infobox, in which referring to the infobox's documentation can be useful in finding out how to suppress the automatic link. If you suppress a site's URL, please leave a comment explaining why you did so, using the hidden text feature. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minimize_the_number_of_links" data-mw-thread-id="h-Minimize_the_number_of_links-Official_links"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Minimize_the_number_of_links-Official_links"></span>Minimize the number of links<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Minimize_the_number_of_links-Official_links"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELMINOFFICIAL"></span><span id="WP:ELMIN"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELMINOFFICIAL&redirect=no">WP:ELMINOFFICIAL</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELMIN&redirect=no">WP:ELMIN</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Normally, <b>only one</b> official link is included. If the subject of the article has more than one official website, then more than one link may be appropriate, under a very few limited circumstances.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Wikipedia <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTLINKS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTLINKS">does not provide a comprehensive web directory to every official website</a>. Wikipedia does not attempt to document or provide links to every part of the subject's <a href="/wiki/Web_presence" title="Web presence">web presence</a> or provide readers with a handy list of all social networking sites. Complete directories lead to clutter and to placing <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:DUE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:DUE">undue emphasis</a> on what the subject says. </p><p>More than one official link should be provided only when the additional links provide the reader with significant unique content and are not prominently linked from other official websites. For example, if the main page of the official website for an author contains a link to the author's blog and Twitter feed, then it is not appropriate to provide links to all three. Instead, provide only the main page of the official website in this situation. In other situations, it may sometimes be appropriate to provide more than one link, such as when a business has one website for the corporate headquarters and another for consumer information. Choose the minimum number of links that provide readers with the maximum amount of information. Links that provide consistent information are strongly preferred to social networking and communication services where the content changes rapidly and may not comply with this guideline at any given moment in time. Wikipedia does not exist to facilitate corporate "communication strategies" or other forms of marketing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Longevity_of_links" data-mw-thread-id="h-Longevity_of_links"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Longevity_of_links"></span>Longevity of links<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Longevity_of_links"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELDEAD"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELDEAD&redirect=no">WP:ELDEAD</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>It is very important to consider whether the link is likely to remain relevant and acceptable to the article in the foreseeable future. For example, it is not useful to link to a webpage that changes often and merely happens to have a relevant picture or article on its front page at the moment. Consider locating and linking to <a href="/wiki/Permalink" title="Permalink">permalink</a> versions of web content. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="What_can_be_done_with_a_dead_external_link" data-mw-thread-id="h-What_can_be_done_with_a_dead_external_link-Longevity_of_links"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-What_can_be_done_with_a_dead_external_link-Longevity_of_links"></span>What can be done with a dead external link<span data-mw-comment-end="h-What_can_be_done_with_a_dead_external_link-Longevity_of_links"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Preventing_and_repairing_dead_links" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Wikipedia:Citing sources § Preventing and repairing dead links</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">Wikipedia:Link rot</a></div> <p>Within the ==External links== section, dead <a href="/wiki/URL" title="URL">URLs</a> are of no use. Such dead links should either be updated or removed. Updates may sometimes include adding an archive URL, but only if a suitable replacement is not available and the archived copy has substantially the same content, user experience, and function as the original. For example, if the official website of a now-defunct company is no longer functional, then a good archived copy could be preferable to no link; however, if the article links to a page with many relevant photos of the subject, then it would usually be better to change the link to a different website that also has many photos than to link to an archived copy. </p><p>Within citations, see the instructions at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:DEADREF" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:DEADREF">WP:DEADREF</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">Wikipedia:Link rot</a>. </p><p>It may be worth checking to see if there is a working version of the link in an earlier version of the article. Some dead links are caused by vandalism; for example, a vandal may disable links to products competing with the vandal's favored product. Some instances of this type of vandalism are quite subtle, such as replacing <a href="/wiki/ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII</a> letters in the URL with <a href="/wiki/Homoglyph" title="Homoglyph">identical-looking</a> <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic">Cyrillic</a> letters. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hijacked_and_re-registered_sites" data-mw-thread-id="h-Hijacked_and_re-registered_sites-Longevity_of_links"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Hijacked_and_re-registered_sites-Longevity_of_links"></span>Hijacked and re-registered sites<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Hijacked_and_re-registered_sites-Longevity_of_links"></span></h3></div> <p>URLs can be "<a href="/wiki/Domain_hijacking" title="Domain hijacking">hijacked</a>" or re-registered for a different purpose after a (<a href="/wiki/Domain_name" title="Domain name">domain name</a>) registration expires.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even if the URL seems to remain valid (it still "works"), if it no longer points to the desired information, then it needs to be repaired. The <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url-status=</code> options include "dead", "unfit" and "usurped". The "dead" is for a normal dead link, such as a 404 page. The "unfit" is when only one link goes to vice, advertising, or other unsuitable links, but the domain itself still has valid links elsewhere. The "usurped" is when the entire domain has been compromised. Usurpation can be reported to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:URLREQ" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:URLREQ">WP:URLREQ</a> for bot treatment. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="How_to_link" data-mw-thread-id="h-How_to_link"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-How_to_link"></span>How to link<span data-mw-comment-end="h-How_to_link"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Help:URL" title="Help:URL">Help:URL</a></div> <dl><dd><i>These directions show how to create a link in the classic wikitext editor. If you are using the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a> editing environment, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User_guide#Editing_links" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User guide">Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User guide § Editing links</a> for directions.</i></dd></dl> <p>External links are enclosed in single square brackets (rather than double brackets as with internal links), with the optional link text separated from the URL by a space (not a "|" as with internal links). </p><p>Example of link with no text (code and output): </p> <table style="margin-top:0;margin-left:0; border-width:medium; padding:0;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="width:50%;">Markup</th> <th scope="col" style="width:50%;">Renders as </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#f8f9fa; background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:var(--color-base, #000); border:1px solid #eaecf0; padding:9px 5px 5px; vertical-align:top;"><pre style="margin:0; border:none; padding:0; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:-moz-pre-wrap; white-space:-o-pre-wrap; white-space:-pre-wrap; white-space:pre-wrap; ">[https://example.com/]</pre> </td> <td style="background:#f8f9fa; background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:var(--color-base, #000); border:1px solid #eaecf0; padding:5px; vertical-align:top;"><div style=""> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://example.com/">[4]</a> </p> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-width:1px;border-style: none none none;border-color:#ddd; padding:5px; vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td style="border-width:1px;border-style: none none none;border-color:#ddd; padding:5px; vertical-align:top;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Example of link containing text: </p> <table style="margin-top:0;margin-left:0; border-width:medium; padding:0;"><tbody><tr> <td style="background:#f8f9fa; background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:var(--color-base, #000); border:1px solid #eaecf0; padding:9px 5px 5px; vertical-align:top;"><pre style="margin:0; border:none; padding:0; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:-moz-pre-wrap; white-space:-o-pre-wrap; white-space:-pre-wrap; white-space:pre-wrap; ">[https://example.com/ The RFC-mandated example.com website]</pre> </td> <td style="background:#f8f9fa; background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:var(--color-base, #000); border:1px solid #eaecf0; padding:5px; vertical-align:top;"><div style=""> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://example.com/">The RFC-mandated example.com website</a> </p> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-width:1px;border-style: none none none;border-color:#ddd; padding:5px; vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td style="border-width:1px;border-style: none none none;border-color:#ddd; padding:5px; vertical-align:top;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>All text following a space is taken as the text to use for the link. Embedding wikilinks into the link text is incorrect; instead choose the appropriate words to link. </p> <table style="margin-top:0;margin-left:0; border-width:medium; padding:0;"><tbody><tr> <td style="background:#f8f9fa; background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:var(--color-base, #000); border:1px solid #eaecf0; padding:9px 5px 5px; vertical-align:top;"><pre style="margin:0; border:none; padding:0; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:-moz-pre-wrap; white-space:-o-pre-wrap; white-space:-pre-wrap; white-space:pre-wrap; "><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>"The <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nt">Request for Comments</span><span class="p">|</span>RFC<span class="p">]]</span>-mandated <span class="p">[</span><span class="nl">https://example.com/</span><span class="w"> </span>example.com website<span class="p">]</span>". </pre></div></pre> </td> <td style="background:#f8f9fa; background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:var(--color-base, #000); border:1px solid #eaecf0; padding:5px; vertical-align:top;"><div style=""> <p>"The <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a>-mandated <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://example.com/">example.com website</a>". </p> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-width:1px;border-style: none none none;border-color:#ddd; padding:5px; vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td style="border-width:1px;border-style: none none none;border-color:#ddd; padding:5px; vertical-align:top;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>If there are no meaningful words that can be used for the link, a link with no text is preferred to using self-referential link text, such as "<a href="/wiki/Click_here" class="mw-disambig" title="Click here">click here</a>" or "this link". These types of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CLICKHERE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CLICKHERE">self-references</a> should be avoided. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Specifying_protocols" data-mw-thread-id="h-Specifying_protocols-How_to_link"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Specifying_protocols-How_to_link"></span>Specifying protocols<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Specifying_protocols-How_to_link"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Help:Link#http:_and_https:" title="Help:Link">Help:Link § http: and https:</a></div> <p><code>http:</code> or <code>https:</code> should be explicitly specified as appropriate for the target site (preferring <code>https:</code>, where available). The linking style <code>[//www...]</code> without protocol is obsolete and should not be used in external links. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="External_links_section" data-mw-thread-id="h-External_links_section-How_to_link"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-External_links_section-How_to_link"></span><span id="ELCITE"></span>External links section<span data-mw-comment-end="h-External_links_section-How_to_link"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELCITE"></span><span id="WP:ELORDER"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELCITE&redirect=no">WP:ELCITE</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELORDER&redirect=no">WP:ELORDER</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Layout#External_links" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout § External links</a></div> <p>The ==External links== section is one of the optional <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Standard_appendices_and_footers" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Standard appendices and footers">standard appendices and footers</a>, which appear in a defined order at the bottom of the article. The heading should be "External links" (plural) even when only a single link is listed. The standard format is to place the links in a bulleted list under the heading. If you include an <a href="#Official_links">official website</a>, place it at the top of the list. </p><p>For example: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="gu">== External links ==</span> <span class="k">*</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nl">https://example.com/</span><span class="w"> </span>Official website<span class="p">]</span> <span class="k">*</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nl">https://example.net/link</span><span class="w"> </span>Interview with Subject<span class="p">]</span> in <span class="ge">''Example Magazine''</span> <span class="k">*</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nl">https://example.org/repository/Subject</span><span class="w"> </span>Subject's papers<span class="p">]</span> at <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nt">Example Museum</span><span class="p">]]</span> </pre></div> <p>Thus, most external links should present details different from <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CITE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CITE">citations</a>. For instance, a concise description of the contents and a clear indication of its source is more important than the actual title of the page, and access dates are not appropriate in the external links section. Do not use <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> or other <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates">citation templates</a> in the ==External links== section. Citation templates are permitted in the <i>Further reading</i> section. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Templates_for_external_links" data-mw-thread-id="h-Templates_for_external_links-How_to_link"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Templates_for_external_links-How_to_link"></span>Templates for external links<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Templates_for_external_links-How_to_link"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELT"></span><span id="WP:ELTEMP"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELT&redirect=no">WP:ELT</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELTEMP&redirect=no">WP:ELTEMP</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:External_link_templates" title="Category:External link templates">Category:External link templates</a> and <a href="/wiki/Template:External_links" title="Template:External links">Template:External links</a></div> <p>Some templates exist for linking to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a> projects such as <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a>. <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Commons" title="Template:Commons">Commons</a>}}</code> is an example of a graphical template that is commonly used to link to Wikimedia Commons. All such templates have inline versions (e.g., <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Commons-inline" title="Template:Commons-inline">Commons-inline</a>}}</code>), or you may choose to link to them exactly like you would link to any other website. See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects#When_to_link" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects § When to link</a> for further information. </p><p>Templates may be used for other commonly linked websites. These templates sometimes permit quick correction of many links if the target website is reorganized, and some of them are popular for use in infoboxes. Do not create large, graphical templates for non-WMF websites, even if these websites are also <a href="/wiki/Wiki" title="Wiki">wikis</a>. All templates except those for WMF "sister" projects should produce a normal, single-line, text-based external link without any <a href="/wiki/Favicon" title="Favicon">favicons</a>, bold-faced text, custom bullets, or other unusual formatting. See typical examples at <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:EMedicine" title="Template:EMedicine">EMedicine</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> and <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:AllMusic" title="Template:AllMusic">AllMusic</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>. </p><p><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Srlink" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Srlink">srlink</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> will create either a wiklink or external link, depending on whether it is on a mirror of Wikipedia. </p><p><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Plain_link" title="Template:Plain link">plain link</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> will remove the arrow icon that is automatically placed on URLs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References_and_citation" data-mw-thread-id="h-References_and_citation-How_to_link"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-References_and_citation-How_to_link"></span>References and citation<span data-mw-comment-end="h-References_and_citation-How_to_link"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELRC"></span><span id="WP:ELDUP"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELRC&redirect=no">WP:ELRC</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELDUP&redirect=no">WP:ELDUP</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Wikipedia:Citing sources</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam#Citation_spam" title="Wikipedia:Spam">Wikipedia:Spam § Citation spam</a></div> <p>Sites that have been used as sources in the creation of an article should be cited in the article and linked as references, either in-line or in a references section. Links to these source sites are not "external links" for the purposes of this guideline, and should not normally be duplicated in an external links section. Exceptions—websites that can be both references and external links—include any <a href="#Official_links">official sites for the article topic</a>, or websites that are specifically devoted to the topic, contain multiple subpages, and comply with the <a href="#Links_normally_to_be_avoided">criteria for links to be avoided</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Linking_to_databases" data-mw-thread-id="h-Linking_to_databases-How_to_link"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Linking_to_databases-How_to_link"></span>Linking to databases<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Linking_to_databases-How_to_link"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_messages/Links" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Template messages/Links">Wikipedia:Template messages/Links</a></div> <p>When linking to large database-driven sites like the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Movie_Database" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Movie Database">Internet Movie Database</a>, try to use an <a href="/wiki/Category:External_link_templates" title="Category:External link templates">external link template</a>. If the URL format of the database ever changes, it is sometimes possible to quickly fix all links by rewriting the template. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Maintenance_and_review" data-mw-thread-id="h-Maintenance_and_review"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Maintenance_and_review"></span>Maintenance and review<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Maintenance_and_review"></span></h2></div> <p>Inappropriate and duplicative links may be deleted by any editor; if the reason for the deletion is not obvious, please explain on the article's talk page. </p><p>Templates may help organize a link maintenance project. The <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:External_links" title="Template:External links">external links</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template is for providing notice that the article may contain inappropriate links or the list of links may have grown to an inappropriate length. <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Advert" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Advert">Advert</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> also warns of suspected non-compliant links. </p><p>Inline templates may be useful for flagging individual links that you want to further discuss on the article's talk page: </p> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Copyvio_link" title="Template:Copyvio link">Copyvio link</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>: to mark links suspected of violating copyrights</li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Off-topic-inline" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Off-topic-inline">Off-topic-inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>: to mark links that seem off-topic or irrelevant</li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Dead_link" title="Template:Dead link">Dead link</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>: to mark links that do not appear to be working</li></ul> <p>If a page attracts many links or inappropriate links, a note in the external links section such as {{<a href="/wiki/Template:No_more_links" title="Template:No more links">subst:no more links</a>}} may discourage the addition of links. </p><p>If a new or unregistered user persists in adding an inappropriate link to one or more pages, please consider leaving a message for <a href="/wiki/User:XLinkBot" title="User:XLinkBot">User:XLinkBot</a>. This <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:BOT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:BOT">bot</a> will automatically revert listed sites if added by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AUTOCONFIRM" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:AUTOCONFIRM">non-autoconfirmed users</a>, but permit other editors to add them. For malware or serious spamming, please read <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam_blacklist" title="Wikipedia:Spam blacklist">Wikipedia:Spam blacklist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Spam" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam">Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam</a> to recommend site-wide blacklisting. </p><p>Two maintenance categories list all tagged articles that need attention to remove spam and non-compliant links. They are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_external_links_cleanup" title="Category:Wikipedia external links cleanup">Category:Wikipedia external links cleanup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_spam_cleanup" title="Category:Wikipedia spam cleanup">Category:Wikipedia spam cleanup</a></li></ul> <p>In April 2014, each of these categories listed about 4,000 articles that had been tagged for assistance with external links and spam. Any editor can address these concerns by applying the advice on this page. When an article complies with the relevant standards, then any editor may remove the tags. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Searching_for_URLs_in_external_links" data-mw-thread-id="h-Searching_for_URLs_in_external_links"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Searching_for_URLs_in_external_links"></span>Searching for URLs in external links<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Searching_for_URLs_in_external_links"></span></h2></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Special:LinkSearch" title="Special:LinkSearch">Special:Linksearch</a> is a tool to search for URLs in external links. For example, one might search for all Wikipedia pages linking to yahoo.com at <a href="/wiki/Special:LinkSearch/*.yahoo.com" title="Special:LinkSearch/*.yahoo.com">Special:Linksearch/*.yahoo.com</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Handling_disputes" data-mw-thread-id="h-Handling_disputes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Handling_disputes"></span>Handling disputes<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Handling_disputes"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ELBURDEN"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ELBURDEN&redirect=no">WP:ELBURDEN</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>This guideline describes the most common reasons for including and excluding links. However, the fact that a given link is not actually prohibited by this guideline does not automatically mean that it must or should be linked. Every link provided must be justifiable in the opinion of the editors for an article. Disputes about links can be addressed through <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:DR" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:DR">the normal dispute-resolution process</a>, particularly at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ELN" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:ELN">the external links noticeboard</a>. </p><p>Disputed links should be excluded by default unless and until there is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CON" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CON">consensus</a> to include them. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">This page is referenced in the <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Glossary" title="Wikipedia:Glossary">Wikipedia Glossary</a></span>.</div> <div class="side-box-imageright"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44"/></a></span></div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Syntax" data-mw-thread-id="h-Syntax-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Syntax-See_also"></span>Syntax<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Syntax-See_also"></span></h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Linking" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Video_links" title="Wikipedia:Video links">Wikipedia:Video links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">Wikipedia:Writing better articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:External_link_file_type_templates" title="Category:External link file type templates">Category:External link file type templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Wiki_markup#External_links" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Wiki markup">Help:Wiki markup § External links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:URL" title="Help:URL">Help:URL</a></li> <li><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/External_links" class="extiw" title="metawikimedia:External links">Metawikimedia:External links</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Maintenance_coordination" data-mw-thread-id="h-Maintenance_coordination-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Maintenance_coordination-See_also"></span>Maintenance coordination<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Maintenance_coordination-See_also"></span></h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links/Perennial_websites" title="Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites">Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites</a> – websites editors frequently inquire about</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links/Noticeboard" title="Wikipedia:External links/Noticeboard">Wikipedia:External links/Noticeboard</a> – a page to get help with questions about specific articles or websites</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">Wikipedia:Link rot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Linking_to_external_harassment" title="Wikipedia:Linking to external harassment">Wikipedia:Linking to external harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_messages/Cleanup" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup">Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_External_links" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject External links">WikiProject External links</a> – dedicated to cleaning up overly long lists of external links and having articles conform to Wikipedia's external links guidelines</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Spam" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam">WikiProject Spam</a> – voluntary spam-fighting brigade</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other" data-mw-thread-id="h-Other-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Other-See_also"></span>Other<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Other-See_also"></span></h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CS:EMBED" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CS:EMBED">WP:CS:EMBED</a> "Embedded links should never be used to place external links in the content of an article"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Further_reading" title="Wikipedia:Further reading">Wikipedia:Further reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Layout" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout</a> gives order of presentation of optional standard appendix and footer sections</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Notes" data-mw-thread-id="h-Notes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Notes"></span>Notes<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Notes"></span></h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-copyvio_exception-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-copyvio_exception_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-copyvio_exception_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Although as stated this page in general does not apply to article citations, the restriction on linking to copyright violations is an exception, applying to all links, including those in citations.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Links to <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary" title="Wiktionary">Wiktionary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> can sometimes be useful. Other exceptions include use of templates like <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:External_media" title="Template:External media">external media</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, which is used only when non-free and non-fair use media cannot be uploaded to Wikipedia. Templates that link to reliable sources (such as – but not limited to – <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:ISBN" title="Template:ISBN">ISBN</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Doi" title="Template:Doi">doi</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:PMID" title="Template:PMID">PMID</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, and <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Ref_RFC" title="Template:Ref RFC">Ref RFC</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>) do not normally appear outside of a references list.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"In December 1999, for example, a U.S. District Court in Salt Lake City, Utah, granted a preliminary injunction against a religious organization that maintained a website that established links to other sites containing material that infringed on the plaintiff's copyright. The court ruled that the links constituted "contributory infringement" and ordered them removed.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, this remains a developing area of case law.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This means that if you cannot include the material in the Wikipedia article because it is copyrighted, then you may link to the copyright owner's page. This <b>does not</b> permit you to link to any page that is violating someone else's copyright. See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:COPYLINK" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:COPYLINK">WP:COPYLINK</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Web <b>pages</b>, not websites. Evaluate the specific page that the link takes the reader to, regardless of other pages in the website.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NotRef-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NotRef_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NotRef_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NotRef_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NotRef_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NotRef_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NotRef_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">This guideline does not restrict linking to websites that are being used as <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">sources</a> to provide content in articles.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Links to websites <em>are</em> permitted when the website has been used as a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_source" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Reliable source">WP:Reliable source</a>, but they should <em>not</em> be placed in the body of the article to direct readers to the organization's website or merely to verify that the organization exists, or that it has a website.<br/><b>Wrong formatting</b>: "<a class="external text" href="https://www.wikipedia.org">Wikipedia</a> is the free encyclopedia."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Situations in which multiple official links are typically provided include: <ul><li>The biography of an elected official might link to both an official government website and the official's political party or campaign website (see, e.g., <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi</a>).</li> <li>A retailer may have separate websites for the corporate office and for consumers (see, e.g., <a href="/wiki/Walmart" title="Walmart">Walmart</a>, <a href="/wiki/J._C._Penney" class="mw-redirect" title="J. C. Penney">J. C. Penney</a>).</li> <li>A person who is notable for more than one thing might maintain separate websites for each notable activity, (e.g., one website for music and another website for writing).</li></ul> </span></li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="References" data-mw-thread-id="h-References"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-References"></span>References<span data-mw-comment-end="h-References"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150526174259/http://www.ala.org/advocacy/copyright/copyrightarticle/hypertextlinking">"Hypertext Linking and Copyright Issues"</a>. <a href="/wiki/American_Library_Association" title="American Library Association">American Library Association</a> (ALA). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ala.org/advocacy/copyright/copyrightarticle/hypertextlinking">the original</a> on May 26, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hypertext+Linking+and+Copyright+Issues&rft.pub=American+Library+Association+%28ALA%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ala.org%2Fadvocacy%2Fcopyright%2Fcopyrightarticle%2Fhypertextlinking&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3AExternal+links" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Piccardi-2021-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Piccardi-2021_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPiccardiRediColavizzaWest2021" class="citation book cs1">Piccardi, Tiziano; Redi, Miriam; Colavizza, Giovanni; West, Robert (2021). "On the Value of Wikipedia as a Gateway to the Web". <i>Proceedings of the Web Conference 2021</i>. pp. 249–260. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.07385">2102.07385</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F3442381.3450136">10.1145/3442381.3450136</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4503-8312-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4503-8312-7"><bdi>978-1-4503-8312-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=On+the+Value+of+Wikipedia+as+a+Gateway+to+the+Web&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+Web+Conference+2021&rft.pages=249-260&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F2102.07385&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1145%2F3442381.3450136&rft.isbn=978-1-4503-8312-7&rft.aulast=Piccardi&rft.aufirst=Tiziano&rft.au=Redi%2C+Miriam&rft.au=Colavizza%2C+Giovanni&rft.au=West%2C+Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3AExternal+links" class="Z3988"></span> Summary: Official links in the infobox are clicked on more than any other link in an article, by a large margin.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121118215809/http://www.pcworld.com/article/87824/article.html">"Porn Sites Hijack Expired Domain Names"</a>. <i>PC World</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcworld.com/article/87824/porn_sites_hijack_expired_domain_names.html">the original</a> on 2012-11-18.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PC+World&rft.atitle=Porn+Sites+Hijack+Expired+Domain+Names&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcworld.com%2Farticle%2F87824%2Fporn_sites_hijack_expired_domain_names.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3AExternal+links" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_key_policies_and_guidelines_(?)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_policies_and_guidelines" title="Template:Wikipedia policies and guidelines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_policies_and_guidelines" title="Template talk:Wikipedia policies and guidelines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_policies_and_guidelines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia policies and guidelines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_key_policies_and_guidelines_(?)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Wikipedia key <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">policies and guidelines</a> <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wikipedia's policies and guidelines are developed by the community to describe best practices, clarify principles, resolve conflicts, and otherwise further our goal.">(?)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Five_pillars" title="Wikipedia:Five pillars">Five pillars</a></b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_rules" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all rules">Ignore all rules</a></b></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Content <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="defines the scope of the encyclopedia and the material that is suitable for it">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">Verifiability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">No original research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">Neutral point of view</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">What Wikipedia is not</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">Biographies of living persons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights" title="Wikipedia:Copyrights">Copyright</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyright_violations" title="Wikipedia:Copyright violations">Copyright violations</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Image_use_policy" title="Wikipedia:Image use policy">Image use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_titles" title="Wikipedia:Article titles">Article titles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#0077A4;"><abbr title="Guidelines"><span style="font-size:120%">G</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability" title="Wikipedia:Notability">Notability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Autobiography" title="Wikipedia:Autobiography">Autobiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Citing sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">Reliable sources</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)">Medicine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Do_not_include_the_full_text_of_lengthy_primary_sources" title="Wikipedia:Do not include the full text of lengthy primary sources">Do not include copies of lengthy primary sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Plagiarism" title="Wikipedia:Plagiarism">Plagiarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Do_not_create_hoaxes" title="Wikipedia:Do not create hoaxes">Don't create hoaxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Fringe_theories" title="Wikipedia:Fringe theories">Fringe theories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Patent_nonsense" title="Wikipedia:Patent nonsense">Patent nonsense</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">External links</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Conduct <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="describes how editors can successfully collaborate and what behavior is acceptable">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Civility" title="Wikipedia:Civility">Civility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Harassment" title="Wikipedia:Harassment">Harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vandalism" title="Wikipedia:Vandalism">Vandalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_rules" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all rules">Ignore all rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_personal_attacks" title="Wikipedia:No personal attacks">No personal attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content" title="Wikipedia:Ownership of content">Ownership of content</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_warring" title="Wikipedia:Edit warring">Edit warring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution" title="Wikipedia:Dispute resolution">Dispute resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry" title="Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry">Sockpuppetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_legal_threats" title="Wikipedia:No legal threats">No legal threats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Child_protection" title="Wikipedia:Child protection">Child protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Paid-contribution_disclosure" title="Wikipedia:Paid-contribution disclosure">Paid-contribution disclosure</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#0077A4;"><abbr title="Guidelines"><span style="font-size:120%">G</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_good_faith" title="Wikipedia:Assume good faith">Assume good faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest" title="Wikipedia:Conflict of interest">Conflict of interest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disruptive_editing" title="Wikipedia:Disruptive editing">Disruptive editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Do_not_disrupt_Wikipedia_to_illustrate_a_point" title="Wikipedia:Do not disrupt Wikipedia to illustrate a point">Do not disrupt Wikipedia to illustrate a point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Etiquette" title="Wikipedia:Etiquette">Etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gaming_the_system" title="Wikipedia:Gaming the system">Gaming the system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_do_not_bite_the_newcomers" title="Wikipedia:Please do not bite the newcomers">Please do not bite the newcomers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Courtesy_vanishing" title="Wikipedia:Courtesy vanishing">Courtesy vanishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Responding_to_threats_of_harm" title="Wikipedia:Responding to threats of harm">Responding to threats of harm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_page_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines">Talk page guidelines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Signatures" title="Wikipedia:Signatures">Signatures</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Deletion <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="explains the processes by which pages, revisions, and logs may be deleted">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="P" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy" title="Wikipedia:Deletion policy">Deletion policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Proposed_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Proposed deletion">Proposed deletion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Proposed_deletion_of_biographies_of_living_people" title="Wikipedia:Proposed deletion of biographies of living people">Biographies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Criteria_for_speedy_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion">Criteria for speedy deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Attack_page" title="Wikipedia:Attack page">Attack page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Oversight" title="Wikipedia:Oversight">Oversight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Revision_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Revision deletion">Revision deletion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Enforcement <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="explains the various means by which standards may be enforced">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="P" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators" title="Wikipedia:Administrators">Administrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Banning_policy" title="Wikipedia:Banning policy">Banning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">Blocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy" title="Wikipedia:Protection policy">Page protection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Editing <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="documents the various protocols about style and grouping">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editing_policy" title="Wikipedia:Editing policy">Editing policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#0077A4;"><abbr title="Guidelines"><span style="font-size:120%">G</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_size" title="Wikipedia:Article size">Article size</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">Summary style</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Be_bold" title="Wikipedia:Be bold">Be bold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disambiguation" title="Wikipedia:Disambiguation">Disambiguation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hatnote" title="Wikipedia:Hatnote">Hatnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Broad-concept_article" title="Wikipedia:Broad-concept article">Broad-concept article</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Make_technical_articles_understandable" title="Wikipedia:Make technical articles understandable">Understandability</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;">Style</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">Manual of Style</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Contents" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Contents">Contents</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Accessibility" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">Dates and numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Images" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Images">Images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Layout" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout">Layout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">Lead section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Linking" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking">Linking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists">Lists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categories,_lists,_and_navigation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Categories, lists, and navigation templates">Categories, lists, and navigation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization" title="Wikipedia:Categorization">Categorization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template namespace">Template namespace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Project content <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="protocols related to administration">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="G" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#0077A4;"><abbr title="Guidelines"><span style="font-size:120%">G</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">Project namespace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Guide" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Council/Guide">WikiProjects</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages" title="Wikipedia:User pages">User pages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Userboxes" title="Wikipedia:Userboxes">User boxes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Subpages" title="Wikipedia:Subpages">Subpages</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;;background: #dddddd;color:inherit;"><abbr title="Wikimedia Foundation">WMF</abbr> <abbr title="official policies and statements of the Wikimedia Foundation">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="P" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal; background: #e6e6e6;color:inherit;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct" class="extiw" title="wmf:Policy:Universal Code of Conduct">Universal Code of Conduct</a></li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="wmf:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a></li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policies" class="extiw" title="wmf:Policies">List of policies</a></li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Friendly_space_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Friendly space policy">Friendly space policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Licensing_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Resolution:Licensing policy">Licensing and copyright</a></li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Privacy policy">Privacy policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;;font-weight: normal;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:List of policies and guidelines">List of all policies and guidelines</a></b> <ul><li><b><span style="color:#118811;"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></span></b>: <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies" title="Wikipedia:List of policies">List of policies</a></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:#0077A4;"><span style="font-size:120%">G</span></span></b>: <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:List of guidelines">List of guidelines</a></b></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Principles" title="Wikipedia:Principles">Summaries of values and principles</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:External_links&oldid=1257944908">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:External_links&oldid=1257944908</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" 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