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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Апошнія змены</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:NewPages"><span>Новыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="n-Village-pump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC"><span>Форум</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Random" title="Паказаць выпадковую старонку [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Выпадковая старонка</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дзе можна атрымаць тлумачэнні."><span>Даведка</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96"><span>Паведаміць пра памылку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Вікіпедыя" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-be.svg" style="width: 7.625em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-be.svg" width="117" height="12" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Знайсці ў Вікіпедыі [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Пошук</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Шукаць у Вікіпедыі" aria-label="Шукаць у Вікіпедыі" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Знайсці ў Вікіпедыі [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Адмысловае:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Пошук</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Выгляд" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Выгляд</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be.wikipedia.org&uselang=be" class=""><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&returnto=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F+%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова" class=""><span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F+%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Увайсці</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Асабістыя інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Меню ўдзельніка" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be.wikipedia.org&uselang=be"><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&returnto=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F+%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F+%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Увайсці</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Старонкі для ананімных рэдактараў <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" aria-label="Даведацца больш пра праўку"><span>даведацца больш</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyContributions" title="Спіс правак, зробленых з гэтага IP-адраса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Уклад</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyTalk" title="Размовы пра праўкі, зробленыя з гэтага IP-адраса [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Праект"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Змест" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Змест</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пачатак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Літаратура" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Літаратура"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Літаратура</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Літаратура-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Спасылкі" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Спасылкі"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Спасылкі</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Спасылкі-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Змест" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Пераключыць змест" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Пераключыць змест</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Насенныя расліны</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перайсці да артыкула на іншай мове. Даступны на 82 мовах." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-82" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">82 мовы</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saadplant" title="Saadplant – афрыкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Saadplant" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="афрыкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B0%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="بذريات – арабская" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بذريات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B0%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="بذريات – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بذريات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – астурыйская" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурыйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxumlu_bitkil%C9%99r" title="Toxumlu bitkilər – азербайджанская" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Toxumlu bitkilər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Насенныя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Насенныя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Семенни растения – балгарская" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Семенни растения" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="балгарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE" title="बीज वाला पौधा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="बीज वाला पौधा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjemenja%C4%8De" title="Sjemenjače – баснійская" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sjemenjače" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="баснійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espermat%C3%B2fits" title="Espermatòfits – каталанская" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Espermatòfits" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semenn%C3%A9_rostliny" title="Semenné rostliny – чэшская" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Semenné rostliny" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чэшская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%C4%83%D1%80%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%D3%B3%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%C4%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Вăрăллă ӳсентăран – чувашская" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Вăрăллă ӳсентăран" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%B8planter" title="Frøplanter – дацкая" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Frøplanter" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samenpflanzen" title="Samenpflanzen – нямецкая" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Samenpflanzen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%86%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B1" title="Σπερματόφυτα – грэчаская" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σπερματόφυτα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грэчаская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed_plant" title="Seed plant – англійская" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Seed plant" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semplantoj" title="Semplantoj – эсперанта" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Semplantoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанта" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – іспанская" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="іспанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seemnetaimed" title="Seemnetaimed – эстонская" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Seemnetaimed" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanerogamo" title="Fanerogamo – баскская" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fanerogamo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="پیدازادان – фарсі" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیدازادان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="фарсі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemenkasvit" title="Siemenkasvit – фінская" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Siemenkasvit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – французская" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siadplaanten" title="Siadplaanten – паўночнафрызская" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Siadplaanten" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="паўночнафрызская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – ірландская" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ірландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espermat%C3%B3fita" title="Espermatófita – галісійская" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Espermatófita" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галісійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%99_%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%A2" title="צמחי זרע – іўрыт" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צמחי זרע" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="іўрыт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6" title="पुष्पोद्भिद – хіндзі" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पुष्पोद्भिद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хіндзі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjemenja%C4%8De" title="Sjemenjače – харвацкая" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sjemenjače" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="харвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vir%C3%A1gos_n%C3%B6v%C3%A9nyek" title="Virágos növények – венгерская" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Virágos növények" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80_%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B5%D5%BD%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Սերմնավոր բույսեր – армянская" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սերմնավոր բույսեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumbuhan_berbiji" title="Tumbuhan berbiji – інданезійская" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tumbuhan berbiji" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="інданезійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyte" title="Spermatophyte – ілакана" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Spermatophyte" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ілакана" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanerogamo" title="Fanerogamo – іда" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Fanerogamo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="іда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A6pl%C3%B6ntur" title="Fræplöntur – ісландская" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fræplöntur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ісландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – італьянская" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="італьянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A8%AE%E5%AD%90%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="種子植物 – японская" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="種子植物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetanduran_wewiji" title="Tetanduran wewiji – яванская" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tetanduran wewiji" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="თესლოვანი მცენარეები – грузінская" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="თესლოვანი მცენარეები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinifsanin" title="Tinifsanin – кабільская" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tinifsanin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабільская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%B1%D2%9B%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D3%A9%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Тұқымды өсімдіктер – казахская" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тұқымды өсімдіктер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A2%85%EC%9E%90%EC%8B%9D%EB%AC%BC" title="종자식물 – карэйская" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="종자식물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="карэйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riwek%C3%AAn_tovdar" title="Riwekên tovdar – курдская" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Riwekên tovdar" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%83_%D3%A9%D1%81%D2%AF%D0%BC%D0%B4%D2%AF%D0%BA%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80" title="Уруктуу өсүмдүктөр – кіргізская" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Уруктуу өсүмдүктөр" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="кіргізская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somplanzen" title="Somplanzen – люксембургская" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Somplanzen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%93klaugi" title="Sēklaugi – латышская" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sēklaugi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Семени растенија – македонская" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Семени растенија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="ബീജസസ്യം – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബീജസസ്യം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatofit" title="Spermatofit – малайская" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Spermatofit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%85%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B7%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AD%E1%80%A1%E1%80%95%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="အစေ့ရှိအပင် – бірманская" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အစေ့ရှိအပင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бірманская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xinachtlanelhuay%C5%8Dtl" title="Xinachtlanelhuayōtl – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Xinachtlanelhuayōtl" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaodplaanten" title="Zaodplaanten – ніжнесаксонская" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Zaodplaanten" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="ніжнесаксонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaadplanten" title="Zaadplanten – нідэрландская" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zaadplanten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нідэрландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%B8plantar" title="Frøplantar – нарвежская (нюношк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Frøplantar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нарвежская (нюношк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%B8planter" title="Frøplanter – нарвежская (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Frøplanter" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="нарвежская (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – аксітанская" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="аксітанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ro%C5%9Bliny_nasienne" title="Rośliny nasienne – польская" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rośliny nasienne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espermat%C3%B3fitas" title="Espermatófitas – партугальская" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Espermatófitas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="партугальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muruyuq" title="Muruyuq – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Muruyuq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatofite" title="Spermatofite – румынская" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Spermatofite" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Семенные растения – руская" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Семенные растения" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyte" title="Spermatophyte – шатландская" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Spermatophyte" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шатландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjemenja%C4%8De" title="Sjemenjače – сербскахарвацкая" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sjemenjače" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскахарвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyte" title="Spermatophyte – сінгальская" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="Spermatophyte" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сінгальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed_plants" title="Seed plants – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Seed plants" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semenn%C3%A9_rastliny" title="Semenné rastliny – славацкая" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Semenné rastliny" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="славацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semenke" title="Semenke – славенская" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Semenke" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="славенская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – сербская" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutuwuhan_Siki" title="Tutuwuhan Siki – сунда" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Tutuwuhan Siki" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сунда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%B6v%C3%A4xter" title="Fröväxter – шведская" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fröväxter" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="வித்துத் தாவரங்கள் – тамільская" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வித்துத் தாவரங்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамільская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95" title="విత్తనపు మొక్క – тэлугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="విత్తనపు మొక్క" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="тэлугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tohumlu_bitkiler" title="Tohumlu bitkiler – турэцкая" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tohumlu bitkiler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Насінні – украінская" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Насінні" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piante_da_fioro" title="Piante da fioro – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Piante da fioro" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%B1c_v%E1%BA%ADt_c%C3%B3_h%E1%BA%A1t" title="Thực vật có hạt – в’етнамская" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thực vật có hạt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="в’етнамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%8D%E5%AD%90%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="种子植物 – ву" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="种子植物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%8D%E5%AD%90%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="种子植物 – кітайская" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="种子植物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кітайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A9ng-ch%C3%AD_si%CC%8Dt-bu%CC%8Dt" title="Chéng-chí si̍t-bu̍t – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chéng-chí si̍t-bu̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A8%AE%E5%AD%90%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="種子植物 – кантонскі дыялект кітайскай" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="種子植物" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонскі дыялект кітайскай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25814#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Правіць міжмоўныя спасылкі" class="wbc-editpage">Правіць спасылкі</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Прасторы назваў"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Паказаць уласна змест старонкі [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Старонка</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Размовы пра змест гэтай старонкі (няма такой старонкі) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Змяніць моўны варыянт" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Інструменты</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дзеянні </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="be" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox infobox-522c9fe28311887f" style="width:275px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-above" style="background:lightgreen;font-size:130%;">Група <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Расліны">раслін</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style=""> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Female_coco_de_mer_seed.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Female_coco_de_mer_seed.jpg/265px-Female_coco_de_mer_seed.jpg" decoding="async" width="265" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Female_coco_de_mer_seed.jpg/398px-Female_coco_de_mer_seed.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Female_coco_de_mer_seed.jpg/530px-Female_coco_de_mer_seed.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1740" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span> <div class="media-caption" style="">Расліна з самым буйным насеннем — <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lodoicea_maldivica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lodoicea maldivica (няма такой старонкі)">Lodoicea maldivica</a></i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сейшэльская пальма (няма такой старонкі)">сейшэльская пальма</a>, ці «марскі какос»): <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Плод">плод</a>, які змяшчае адзінае насенне, вырастае да 50 см у папярочніку і важыць да 30 кг</div></td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:lightgreen;font-size:110%;">Назва</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;font-size:110%;"> Насенныя расліны</td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:lightgreen;font-size:110%;">Статус назвы</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;font-size:110%;"> Састарэлы таксанамічны</td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:lightgreen;font-size:110%;">Лацінская назва</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;font-size:110%;"> Spermatophyta</td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:lightgreen;font-size:110%;">Бацькоўскі таксон</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;font-size:110%;"> Падцарства <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spermatophytes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spermatophytes (няма такой старонкі)">Spermatophytes</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:lightgreen;font-size:110%;">Прадстаўнікі</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;font-size:110%;"> <div align="left"> <center><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB,_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Аддзел, батаніка (няма такой старонкі)">Аддзелы</a>:</b></center> <ul><li><span title="Вымерлы таксон">†</span> <i><span style="" lang="la"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pteridospermatophyta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pteridospermatophyta (няма такой старонкі)">Pteridospermatophyta</a></span></i>;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гінкгападобныя (няма такой старонкі)">Гінкгападобныя</a> (<i><span style="" lang="la">Ginkgophyta</span></i>);</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гнетападобныя (няма такой старонкі)">Гнетападобныя</a> (<i><span style="" lang="la">Gnetophyta</span></i>);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Сагаўнікападобныя">Сагаўнікападобныя</a> (<i><span style="" lang="la">Cycadophyta</span></i>);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Хвойныя">Хвойныя</a> (<i><span style="" lang="la">Pinophyta</span></i>);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Кветкавыя">Кветкавыя</a> (<i><span style="" lang="la">Magnoliophyta</span></i>).</li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;font-size:110%;"> </td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background:lightgreen;font-size:80%;line-height:140%;;"><table align="center" style="background:lightgreen;"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pinophyta?uselang=be" title="Выявы на Вікісховішчы"><img alt="Выявы на Вікісховішчы" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></td><td class="plainlinksneverexpand"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pinophyta?uselang=be">Выявы на Вікісховішчы</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Насе́нныя раслі́ны</b>, або <b>сперматафіты</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Лацінская мова">лац.</a>: <span style="font-style: italic;" lang="la">Spermatóphyta</span>) — <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%88%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Вышэйшыя расліны">вышэйшыя</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Сасудзістыя расліны">сасудзістыя</a>) <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Расліны">расліны</a>, што утвараюць <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Насенне">насенне</a>. Да насенных раслін адносяць <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Голанасенныя">голанасенныя</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Пакрытанасенныя">пакрытанасенныя</a>, або кветкавыя расліны. Іншыя вышэйшыя расліны: <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Дзеразападобныя">дзеразападобныя</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Мохападобныя">мохападобныя</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96" title="Папараці">папараці</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Хвошчападобныя">хвошчападобныя</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Псілотавыя">псілотавыя</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%84%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Рыніяфіты">рыніяфіты</a> насення не утвараюць. У насенных раслін <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гаметафіт (няма такой старонкі)">гаметафіт</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_(%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Рэдукцыя (біялогія)">рэдукаваны</a> і развіваецца на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%82" title="Спарафіт">спарафіце</a>. Размнажэнне насеннем — прагрэсіўнае прыстасаванне ў параўнанні з размнажэннем <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Споры раслін (няма такой старонкі)">спорамі</a>. Адыгрываюць важную ролю ва утварэнні <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Расліннае покрыва">расліннага покрыва</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%8F_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" class="mw-redirect" title="Зямля (планета)">Зямлі</a> і ў гаспадарчай дзейнасці чалавека. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Літаратура"><span id=".D0.9B.D1.96.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Літаратура</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Правіць раздзел: Літаратура" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B&action=edit&section=1" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Літаратура"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Насенныя расліны. <span class="citation" id="CITEREFБелЭн2000"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Беларуская энцыклапедыя">Беларуская энцыклапедыя</a>: У 18 т. Т. 11: Мугір — Паліклініка / Рэдкал.: <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C_%D0%9F%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E" title="Генадзь Пятровіч Пашкоў">Г. П. Пашкоў</a> і інш. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default;" title="Мінск">Мн.</span> : <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%8F_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8F_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Беларуская Энцыклапедыя імя Петруся Броўкі">БелЭн</a>, 2000. — Т. 11. — 560 с. — <span style="white-space: nowrap;">10 000 экз.</span> — <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/9851100358" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 985-11-0035-8</a>. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/9851101885" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 985-11-0188-5</a> (т. 11).</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Спасылкі"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BF.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.8B.D0.BB.D0.BA.D1.96"></span>Спасылкі</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Правіць раздзел: Спасылкі" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B&action=edit&section=2" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Спасылкі"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Лагатып Вікісховішча"><img alt="Лагатып Вікісховішча" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> На <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Вікісховішча">Вікісховішчы</a> ёсць медыяфайлы па тэме <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Spermatophyta" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Spermatophyta">Насенныя расліны</a></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://slovari.yandex.ru/dict/bse/article/00070/08600.htm">Семенные растения <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></a></i> — артыкул з <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Вялікая савецкая энцыклапедыя">Вялікай савецкай энцыклапедыі</a></li> <li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343" id="CITEREFЭСБЭ1890—1907"><span data-wikidata-qualifier-id="P248"><a href="https://be.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="extiw" title="s:ru:ЭСБЕ/Семенные растения">Семенные растения</a></span> // <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%96_%D0%AD%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Энцыклапедычны слоўнік Бракгаўза і Эфрона">Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона</a>: В 86 томах (82 т. и 4 доп.) <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span>. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default;" title="Санкт-Пецярбург">СПб.</span>, 1890—1907.</span></li> <li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343" id="CITEREFЭСБЭ1890—1907"><span data-wikidata-qualifier-id="P248"><a href="https://be.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B" class="extiw" title="s:ru:ЭСБЕ/Фанерогамы">Фанерогамы</a></span> // <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%96_%D0%AD%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Энцыклапедычны слоўнік Бракгаўза і Эфрона">Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона</a>: В 86 томах (82 т. и 4 доп.) <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span>. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default;" title="Санкт-Пецярбург">СПб.</span>, 1890—1907.</span></li></ul> <div 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tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Навігацыйны шаблон" data-name="External links" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist toCollapsibleCount navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px"><div style="padding: 0px 18px 0px 0px; width: 100%;"><div style="float: left;"><span class="noprint plainlinks nowrap" style="font-size:85%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Прагляд гэтага шаблона"><img alt="⚙️" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/14px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/21px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/28px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></a></span> </span></div>  Слоўнікі і энцыклапедыі</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enciclopedia.cat/enciclopedies/gran-enciclopedia-catalana/EC-GEC-0181088.xml">Вялікая каталанская</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=118900">Вялікая кітайская</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=646257">Вялікая кітайская</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/frøplanter">Вялікая нарвежская</a> · <a href="https://be.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%91%D0%A1%D0%AD1/%D0%AF%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5" class="extiw" title="s:ru:БСЭ1/Явнобрачные">Вялікая савецкая (1 выд.)</a> · <a href="https://be.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%91%D0%AD%D0%AE/%D0%AF%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5" class="extiw" title="s:ru:БЭЮ/Явнобрачные">Вялікая Южакова</a> · <a href="https://be.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="extiw" title="s:ru:ЭСБЕ/Семенные растения">Бракгаўза і Эфрона</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/divers/spermatophyte/93336">Ларуса</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/plant/spermatophyte">Britannica (онлайн)</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/fanerogame">Treccani</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/spermatophytes/">Universalis</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/spermatophytes-spermaphytes/">Universalis</a> · <a href="https://be.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%9D%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%93/%D0%AF%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="extiw" title="s:ru:НЭСГ/Явнобрачные растения">Настольны</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Таксанамія</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/8665119">EOL</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=55350">Fossilworks</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/505248">iNaturalist</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=846504">ITIS TSN</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=58024">NCBI</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3748793">.mw-parser-output .ts-navbox-plaintitle{font-size:100%!important;margin:0 6em!important}</style></div><table class="nowraplinks authoritycontrol collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Нарматыўны_кантроль" 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rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb126475847">126475847</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4076988-4">4076988-4</a> · <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%91%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Кантрольны нумар Бібліятэкі Кангрэса">LCCN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85100570">sh85100570</a> · <span title="Microsoft Academic" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">Microsoft</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.microsoft.com/#/detail/2779488337">2779488337</a> · <a 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