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class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Yeyi+language" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" 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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Phonology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Phonology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Phonology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Phonology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vowels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vowels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Vowels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vowels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consonants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consonants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Consonants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consonants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Click_consonants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Click_consonants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Click consonants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Click_consonants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clicks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clicks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Clicks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clicks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item 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title="Yeyi (langue) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Yeyi (langue)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaren_Yeyi" title="Yaren Yeyi – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Yaren Yeyi" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/As%E1%BB%A5s%E1%BB%A5_Yeyi" title="Asụsụ Yeyi – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Asụsụ Yeyi" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiyeyi" title="Kiyeyi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" 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.navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="font-size:125%; color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Yeyi</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:110%; color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Shiyɛyi</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Native to</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Region</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">along the <a href="/wiki/Okavango_River" title="Okavango River">Okavango River</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native speakers</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">55,000 (2001)<sup id="cite_ref-e18_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e18-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Language family</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Niger%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Niger–Congo languages">Niger–Congo</a>? <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> <a href="/wiki/Atlantic%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Atlantic–Congo languages">Atlantic–Congo</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Volta%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Volta–Congo languages">Volta-Congo</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Benue%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Benue–Congo languages">Benue–Congo</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantoid_languages" title="Bantoid languages">Bantoid</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Bantoid_languages" title="Southern Bantoid languages">Southern Bantoid</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantu_languages" title="Bantu languages">Bantu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Guthrie_classification_of_Bantu_languages#Zone_R" title="Guthrie classification of Bantu languages">Zone R</a>)<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><b>Yeyi</b></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/yey" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:yey">yey</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></i></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/yeyi1239">yeyi1239</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Guthrie_classification_of_Bantu_languages" title="Guthrie classification of Bantu languages">Guthrie code</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code>R.40 (R.41)</code><sup id="cite_ref-Guthrie_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guthrie-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Endangered_Languages_Project" title="Endangered Languages Project">ELP</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/1886">Yeyi</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint selfref" style="background-color:#E7E7FF;color:inherit;padding:0.3em 0.5em;text-align:left;line-height:1.3;"><b>This article contains <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> phonetic symbols.</b> Without proper <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA#Rendering_issues" title="Help:IPA">rendering support</a>, you may see <a href="/wiki/Specials_(Unicode_block)#Replacement_character" title="Specials (Unicode block)">question marks, boxes, or other symbols</a> instead of <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">Help:IPA</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236303919">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}</style> <p><b>Yeyi</b> (autoethnonym <i>Shiyɛyi</i>) is a <a href="/wiki/Bantu_languages" title="Bantu languages">Bantu language</a> spoken by many of the approximately 50,000 <a href="/wiki/Yeyi_people" title="Yeyi people">Yeyi people</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Okavango_River" title="Okavango River">Okavango River</a> in <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a>. Yeyi, influenced by <a href="/wiki/Ju_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Ju languages">Juu</a> languages, is one of several Bantu languages along the Okavango with clicks. Indeed, it has the largest known inventory of <a href="/wiki/Click_consonant" title="Click consonant">clicks</a> of any Bantu language, with dental, alveolar, palatal, and lateral articulations. Though most of its older speakers prefer Yeyi in normal conversation, it is being gradually phased out in Botswana by a popular move towards Tswana, with Yeyi only being learned by children in a few villages. Yeyi speakers in the <a href="/wiki/Caprivi_Strip" title="Caprivi Strip">Caprivi Strip</a> of north-eastern Namibia, however, retain Yeyi in villages (including Linyanti), but may also speak the regional lingua franca, <a href="/wiki/Silozi" class="mw-redirect" title="Silozi">Lozi</a>. </p><p>The main dialect is called Shirwanga. A slight majority of Botswana Yeyi are monolingual in the national language, <a href="/wiki/Tswana_language" title="Tswana language">Tswana</a>, and the majority of the rest are bilingual. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yeyi_language&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yeyi appears to be a divergent lineage of Bantu.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is usually classified as a member of the R Zone Bantu languages. The language has been phonetically influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Ju_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Ju languages">Ju languages</a>, though it is no longer in contact with them. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Phonology">Phonology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yeyi_language&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Phonology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vowels">Vowels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yeyi_language&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Vowels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <caption>Yeyi vowels<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeidel2008_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeidel2008-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Front_vowel" title="Front vowel">Front</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Central_vowel" title="Central vowel">Central</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Back_vowel" title="Back vowel">Back</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/Close_vowel" title="Close vowel">Close</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close front unrounded vowel">i</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close back rounded vowel">u</a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/Mid_vowel" title="Mid vowel">Mid</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Mid front unrounded vowel">ɛ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Mid back rounded vowel">ɔ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/Open_vowel" title="Open vowel">Open</a> </th> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open front unrounded vowel">a</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Vowel length is also distinctive. </p> <ul><li>Vowel sounds <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɛ<span class="wrap"> </span>ɔ/</span> are phonetically noted <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɛ̝<span class="wrap"> </span>ɔ̝]</span>.</li> <li><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɔ/</span> can also be heard as <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʊ]</span> in word-final position. <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/i/</span> can also be heard as <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ə]</span> in prefixes.</li> <li>Sounds <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/i<span class="wrap"> </span>u<span class="wrap"> </span>a/</span> can be heard as nasalized <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ĩ<span class="wrap"> </span>ũ<span class="wrap"> </span>ã]</span> when preceding nasal consonants. A nasal <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɛ̝̃]</span> can also be heard, but only in stem-internal position.</li> <li>Sounds <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/i<span class="wrap"> </span>u/</span> can tend to be centralized as <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɨ<span class="wrap"> </span>ʉ]</span> following fricative and sibilant sounds.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consonants">Consonants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yeyi_language&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Consonants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <caption>Yeyi consonants<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeidel2008_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeidel2008-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" colspan="2"> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bilabial_consonant" title="Bilabial consonant">Bilabial</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Labiodental_consonant" title="Labiodental consonant">Labio-<br />dental</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Alveolar_consonant" title="Alveolar consonant">Alveolar</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Palatal_consonant" title="Palatal consonant">Palatal</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Velar_consonant" title="Velar consonant">Velar</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Glottal_consonant" title="Glottal consonant">Glottal</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th><span style="font-size:85%;">plain</span></th> <th><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Sibilant" title="Sibilant">sibilant</a></span> </th> <th><span style="font-size:85%;">plain</span></th> <th><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Palatalization_(phonetics)" title="Palatalization (phonetics)">pal.</a></span> </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Plosive" title="Plosive">Plosive</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Affricate" title="Affricate">Affricate</a> </th> <th><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">voiceless</a></span> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiceless bilabial plosive">p</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar plosive">t</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_affricate" title="Voiceless alveolar affricate">ts</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_postalveolar_affricate" title="Voiceless postalveolar affricate">tʃ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Palatalization_(phonetics)" title="Palatalization (phonetics)">kʲ</a></span> </td> <td rowspan="4">(<span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Glottal_stop" title="Glottal stop">ʔ</a></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <th><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">aspirated</a></span> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">pʰ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">tʰ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">tsʰ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">tʃʰ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">kʰ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">kʰʲ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Ejective_consonant" title="Ejective consonant">ejective</a></span> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Alveolar_ejective_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolar ejective stop">tʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Alveolar_ejective_affricate" title="Alveolar ejective affricate">tsʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Palato-alveolar_ejective_affricate" title="Palato-alveolar ejective affricate">tʃʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Velar_ejective_stop" title="Velar ejective stop">kʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Palatalization_(phonetics)" title="Palatalization (phonetics)">kʲʼ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)">voiced</a></span> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiced bilabial plosive">b</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar plosive">d</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_affricate" title="Voiced alveolar affricate">dz</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_postalveolar_affricate" title="Voiced postalveolar affricate">dʒ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">ɡ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Palatalization_(phonetics)" title="Palatalization (phonetics)">ɡʲ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Fricative" title="Fricative">Fricative</a> </th> <th><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">voiceless</a></span> </th> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiceless labiodental fricative">f</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_fricative" title="Voiceless alveolar fricative">s</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_postalveolar_fricative" title="Voiceless postalveolar fricative">ʃ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_glottal_fricative" title="Voiceless glottal fricative">h</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)">voiced</a></span> </th> <td>(<span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_bilabial_fricative" title="Voiced bilabial fricative">β</a></span>) </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiced labiodental fricative">v</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_fricative" title="Voiced alveolar fricative">z</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_postalveolar_fricative" title="Voiced postalveolar fricative">ʒ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_consonant" title="Nasal consonant">Nasal</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_bilabial_nasal" title="Voiced bilabial nasal">m</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar nasal">n</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_palatal_nasal" title="Voiced palatal nasal">ɲ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_nasal" title="Voiced velar nasal">ŋ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Liquid_consonant" title="Liquid consonant">Liquid</a> </th> <th><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Rhotic_consonant" title="Rhotic consonant">rhotic</a></span> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_dental_and_alveolar_taps_and_flaps" title="Voiced dental and alveolar taps and flaps">ɾ</a></span> ~ <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_trill" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar trill">r</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Lateral_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Lateral approximant">lateral</a></span> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_lateral_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar lateral approximant">l</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Approximant" title="Approximant">Approximant</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_bilabial_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced bilabial approximant">β̞</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_palatal_approximant" title="Voiced palatal approximant">j</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labial%E2%80%93velar_approximant" title="Voiced labial–velar approximant">w</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Other palatalized consonant sounds that can occur are <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/bʲ<span class="wrap"> </span>ⁿdʲ<span class="wrap"> </span>lʲ/</span>. </p> <ul><li>A glottal stop sound <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʔ]</span> can also occur, but only between vowels.</li> <li>Palatalized-velar stop consonants <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/kʲ<span class="wrap"> </span>kʰʲ<span class="wrap"> </span>kʲʼ<span class="wrap"> </span>ɡʲ/</span> may often be heard as palatal stop consonants <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[c<span class="wrap"> </span>cʰ<span class="wrap"> </span>cʼ<span class="wrap"> </span>ɟ]</span>.</li> <li>A labial approximant sound <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/β̞/</span> can range from an approximant sound to a fricative sound <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[β̞<span class="wrap"> </span>~<span class="wrap"> </span>β]</span>.</li> <li>An alveolar rhotic consonant <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/r/</span> can be heard as a tap or a trill, but can also be heard as a retroflex tap <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɽ]</span>.</li> <li>An alveolar lateral consonant <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/l/</span> can also be heard as a retroflex lateral <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɭ]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeidel2008_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeidel2008-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"> <caption>Prenasal consonants<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeidel2008_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeidel2008-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2"> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bilabial_consonant" title="Bilabial consonant">Bilabial</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Labiodental_consonant" title="Labiodental consonant">Labio-<br />dental</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Alveolar_consonant" title="Alveolar consonant">Alveolar</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Postalveolar_consonant" title="Postalveolar consonant">Post-<br /> alveolar</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Velar_consonant" title="Velar consonant">Velar</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Glottal_consonant" title="Glottal consonant">Glottal</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th><small>plain</small> </th> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Palatalization_(phonetics)" title="Palatalization (phonetics)">pal.</a></small> </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Stop_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Stop consonant">Plosive</a> </th> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">voiceless</a></small> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵐp</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿt</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑk</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑkʲ</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant"><small>aspirated</small></a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵐpʰ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿtʰ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑkʰ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Ejective_consonant" title="Ejective consonant">ejective</a></small> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿtʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑkʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)"><small>voiced</small></a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵐb</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿd</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑɡ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑɡʲ</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Affricate_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Affricate consonant">Affricate</a> </th> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">voiceless</a></small> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿts</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿtʃ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant"><small>aspirated</small></a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿtsʰ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿtʃʰ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)"><small>voiced</small></a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿdz</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿdʒ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Ejective_consonant" title="Ejective consonant">ejective</a></small> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿtsʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Fricative_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Fricative consonant">Fricative</a> </th> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">voiceless</a></small> </th> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᶬf</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿs</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿʃ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)"><small>voiced</small></a> </th> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᶬv</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿz</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿʒ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>Prenasal palatalized-velar stop consonants <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ᵑkʲ<span class="wrap"> </span>ᵑɡʲ/</span> may often be heard as prenasal palatal stop consonants <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ᶮc<span class="wrap"> </span>ᶮɟ]</span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Click_consonants">Click consonants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yeyi_language&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Click consonants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"> <caption>Yeyi clicks<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulopLadefogedLiuVossen2002_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFulopLadefogedLiuVossen2002-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeidel2008_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeidel2008-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3"> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Dental_consonant" title="Dental consonant">Dental</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Postalveolar_consonant" title="Postalveolar consonant">Post-<br /> alveolar</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Palatal_consonant" title="Palatal consonant">Palatal</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Lateral_consonant" title="Lateral consonant">Lateral</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Stop_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Stop consonant">Plosive</a> </th> <th rowspan="3"><small><a href="/wiki/Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">voiceless</a></small> </th> <th><small>plain</small> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Tenuis_dental_click" title="Tenuis dental click">ᵏǀ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Tenuis_alveolar_click" title="Tenuis alveolar click">ᵏ!</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Tenuis_palatal_click" title="Tenuis palatal click">ᵏǂ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Tenuis_alveolar_lateral_click" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenuis alveolar lateral click">ᵏǁ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">aspirated</a></small> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Pre-stopped_consonant" title="Pre-stopped consonant">ᵏǀʰ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Pre-stopped_consonant" title="Pre-stopped consonant">ᵏ!ʰ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Pre-stopped_consonant" title="Pre-stopped consonant">ᵏǂʰ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Pre-stopped_consonant" title="Pre-stopped consonant">ᵏǁʰ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Nasalization" title="Nasalization">nasalized</a> (<a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">asp.</a>)</small> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑǀʰ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑ!ʰ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3"><small><a href="/wiki/Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)">voiced</a></small> </th> <th><small>plain</small> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_dental_click" title="Voiced dental click">ᶢǀ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_click" title="Voiced alveolar click">ᶢ!</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Nasalization" title="Nasalization">nasalized</a></small> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Dental_nasal_click" class="mw-redirect" title="Dental nasal click">ᵑǀ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Alveolar_nasal_click" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolar nasal click">ᵑ!</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Palatal_nasal_click" class="mw-redirect" title="Palatal nasal click">ᵑǂ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Alveolar_lateral_nasal_click" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolar lateral nasal click">ᵑǁ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Prenasalization" class="mw-redirect" title="Prenasalization">prenasalized</a></small> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑᶢǀ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑᶢ!</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Lateral sounds only rarely occur. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clicks">Clicks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yeyi_language&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Clicks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yeyi may have up to four click types, <a href="/wiki/Dental_click" title="Dental click">dental</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǀ</span>, <a href="/wiki/Alveolar_click" title="Alveolar click">alveolar</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǃ</span>, <a href="/wiki/Palatal_click" title="Palatal click">palatal</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǂ</span>, and <a href="/wiki/Lateral_click" title="Lateral click">lateral</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǁ</span>. However, the actual number of clicks is disputed, as researchers disagree on how many series of manner and phonation the language contrasts. </p><p>Sommer & Voßen (1992) listed the following manners, shown as the palatal series: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Click</th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵏǂʰ</span> </td> <td>aspirated </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵏǂ</span> </td> <td>tenuis </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᶢǂ</span> </td> <td>voiced </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵑǂ</span> </td> <td>nasal </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ŋᶢǂ</span> </td> <td>prenasalized </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵏǂʼ</span> </td> <td>oral ejective </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵑǂˀ</span> </td> <td>nasal glottalized </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǂqχ</span> </td> <td>uvular fricative </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǂqʼ</span> </td> <td>uvular ejective </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The uvular ejective series was uncertain due to infrequency. </p><p>Fulop <i>et al.</i> (2002) studied the clicks of a limited vocabulary sample with 13 Yeyi speakers who were not from the core speaking area. The series they found are: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Click</th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵏǂʰ</span> </td> <td>aspirated </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵏǂ</span> </td> <td>tenuis </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᶢǂ</span> </td> <td>voiced </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵑǂ</span> </td> <td>nasal </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵏǂʼ</span> </td> <td>oral ejective </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǂqʼ</span> </td> <td>uvular ejective </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>There are in addition <a href="/wiki/Prenasalized" class="mw-redirect" title="Prenasalized">prenasalized</a> clicks such as <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ŋᶢǂ/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ᵑǂˀ/</span>, but Fulop <i>et al.</i> analyze these as <a href="/wiki/Consonant_cluster" title="Consonant cluster">consonant clusters</a>, not single sounds. In addition, a reported uvular affricated click appears to actually be velar, with the affrication a variant of aspiration, and so has been included under <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵏǂʰ</span>. There is similar velar affrication with the dental ejective click among some speakers. The ejective clicks are apparently uvular.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Miller (2011), in a comparative study with other languages, interprets their results as follows,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Click</th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵏǂʰ</span> </td> <td>aspirated </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵏǂ</span> </td> <td>tenuis </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᶢǂ</span> </td> <td>voiced </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵑǂ</span> </td> <td>nasal </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵏǂʼ</span> </td> <td>oral ejective </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵑ̊ǂˀ</span> </td> <td>glottalized nasal </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǂ͡qχ</span> </td> <td>lingual–pulmonic </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǂ͡qχʼ</span> </td> <td>lingual–glottalic </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The contrast between ejective and glottalized nasal clicks is unusual, but also occurs in <a href="/wiki/G%C7%80wi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Gǀwi language">Gǀwi</a>. </p><p>Unfortunately, the speakers interviewed were not from the core Yeyi-speaking area, and they often disagreed on which clicks to use. Although the six dental clicks (<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǀ</span> <i>etc.</i>) were nearly universal, only one of the lateral clicks was (the voiced click <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᶢǁ</span>). The alveolar clicks (<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǃ</span> <i>etc.</i>) were universal apart from the ejective, which was only attested from one speaker, but two of the palatal clicks were only used by half the speakers, at least in the sample vocabulary. The missing palatal and lateral clicks were substituted with alveolar or sometimes dental clicks (palatals only), and the missing ejective alveolar was substituted with a glottalized alveolar. Both of these patterns are consistent with studies of <a href="/wiki/Click_loss" class="mw-redirect" title="Click loss">click loss</a>, though it is possible that these speakers maintain these clicks in other words. 23 of the 24 possible permutations were attested in the sample vocabulary by at least one speaker, the exception being the ejective lateral click <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">*ǁʼ</span>. This research needs to be repeated in an area where the language is still vibrant. </p><p>Seidel (2008) says that Yeyi has three click types, dental <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǀ</span>, alveolar <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǃ</span>, and, in two words only, lateral <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǁ</span>. There are three basic series, tenuis, aspirated, and voiced, any of which may be prenasalized: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Click</th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵏǃʰ</span> </td> <td>aspirated </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᵏǃ</span> </td> <td>tenuis </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᶢǃ</span> </td> <td>voiced </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ŋᵏǃʰ</span> </td> <td>prenasalized aspirated </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ŋᵏǃ</span> </td> <td>prenasalized tenuis </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ŋᶢǃ</span> </td> <td>prenasalized voiced </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://talkingdictionary.swarthmore.edu/yeyi/">Yeyi Talking Dictionary</a> was produced by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://livingtongues.org/">Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yeyi_language&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-e18-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-e18_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/yey/">Yeyi</a> at <i><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a></i> (18th ed., 2015) <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guthrie-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guthrie_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180203191542/http://goto.glocalnet.net/mahopapers/nuglonline.pdf">New Updated Guthrie List Online</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/history/ehret/kinship/BantuClassification%204-09.pdf">Bantu Classification</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120624221430/http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/history/ehret/kinship/BantuClassification%204-09.pdf">Archived</a> 2012-06-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Ehret, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESeidel2008-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeidel2008_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeidel2008_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeidel2008_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeidel2008_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeidel2008_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSeidel2008">Seidel (2008)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFulopLadefogedLiuVossen2002-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulopLadefogedLiuVossen2002_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFulopLadefogedLiuVossen2002">Fulop et al. (2002)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fulop, <i>Speech Spectrum Analysis</i>, 2011:160.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Amanda Miller, 2011. "The Representation of Clicks". In Oostendorp <i>et al.</i> eds., <i>The Blackwell Companion to Phonology</i>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yeyi_language&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDonnelly1990" class="citation thesis cs1">Donnelly, Simon S (1990). <i>Phonology and morphology of the noun in Yeeyi</i> (BA Honours dissertation). University of Cape Town.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Phonology+and+morphology+of+the+noun+in+Yeeyi&rft.inst=University+of+Cape+Town&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Donnelly&rft.aufirst=Simon+S&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYeyi+language" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFulopLadefogedLiuVossen2002" class="citation book cs1">Fulop, Sean; Ladefoged, Peter; Liu, Fang; Vossen, Rainer (2002). <i>Yeyi clicks: Acoustic description and analysis</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yeyi+clicks%3A+Acoustic+description+and+analysis&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Fulop&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft.au=Ladefoged%2C+Peter&rft.au=Liu%2C+Fang&rft.au=Vossen%2C+Rainer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYeyi+language" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFulopLadefogedVoßen2007" class="citation web cs1">Fulop; Ladefoged; Voßen (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.33.757&rep=rep1&type=pdf&ei=6yfBT9mgGZTbiAKVoZGDCA&usg=AFQjCNFBPb50tiE0h0p0rb7WUt655A6M8g">"The dying clicks of Yeyi"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CiteSeerX (identifier)">CiteSeerX</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.33.757">10.1.1.33.757</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+dying+clicks+of+Yeyi&rft.date=2007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fsummary%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.33.757%23id-name%3DCiteSeerX&rft.au=Fulop&rft.au=Ladefoged&rft.au=Vo%C3%9Fen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fdownload%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.33.757%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf%26ei%3D6yfBT9mgGZTbiAKVoZGDCA%26usg%3DAFQjCNFBPb50tiE0h0p0rb7WUt655A6M8g&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYeyi+language" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeidel2008" class="citation book cs1">Seidel, Frank (2008). <i>A Grammar of Yeyi: A Bantu Language of Southern Africa</i>. R. Köppe.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Grammar+of+Yeyi%3A+A+Bantu+Language+of+Southern+Africa&rft.pub=R.+K%C3%B6ppe&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Seidel&rft.aufirst=Frank&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYeyi+language" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSommer1995" class="citation book cs1">Sommer, Gabriele (1995). <i>Sozialer Wandel und Sprachverhalten bei den Yeyi (Botswana), Ethnographie des Sprachwechsels</i>. Cologne.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sozialer+Wandel+und+Sprachverhalten+bei+den+Yeyi+%28Botswana%29%2C+Ethnographie+des+Sprachwechsels&rft.place=Cologne&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Sommer&rft.aufirst=Gabriele&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYeyi+language" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yeyi_language&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.karger.com/ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?Doi=76375">Yeyi Clicks: Acoustic Description and Analysis</a> (2003)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Gciriku_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Gciriku language">Gciriku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herero_language" title="Herero language">Herero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalanga_language" title="Kalanga language">Ikalanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kgalagadi_language" title="Kgalagadi language">Kgalagadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuhane_language" title="Kuhane language">Kuhane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbukushu_language" title="Mbukushu language">Mbukushu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nambya_language" title="Nambya language">Nambya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ndebele_language" title="Northern Ndebele language">Northern Ndebele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tswana_language" title="Tswana language">Tswana</a> (official)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tswapong_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Tswapong language">Tswapong</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yeyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shona_language" title="Shona language">Zezuru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Khoisan_languages" title="Khoisan languages">Khoisan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kxoe_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kxoe language">ǁAni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C7%81ana_language" title="Gǁana language">Gǁana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C7%80wi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Gǀwi language">Gǀwi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C7%82Hoan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="ǂHoan language">ǂHõã</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ju%C7%80%CA%BChoan_language" title="Juǀʼhoan language">Juǀʼhoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khwe_language" title="Khwe language">Khwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C7%82Kx%CA%BCau%C7%81%CA%BCein" class="mw-redirect" title="ǂKxʼauǁʼein">ǂKxʼauǁʼein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khoekhoe_language" title="Khoekhoe language">Nama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naro_language" title="Naro language">Naro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shwa_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Shwa language">Shua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taa_language" title="Taa language">Taʼa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tshwa_language" title="Tshwa language">Tshwa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Languages_of_Namibia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Languages_of_Namibia" title="Template:Languages of Namibia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Languages_of_Namibia" title="Template talk:Languages of Namibia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Languages_of_Namibia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Languages of Namibia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Languages_of_Namibia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Namibia" title="Languages of Namibia">Languages of Namibia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Recognized regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oshiwambo_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Oshiwambo language">Oshiwambo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kwanyama_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kwanyama language">Kwanyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndonga_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ndonga language">Ndonga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bantu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantu language">Other Bantu languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herero_language" title="Herero language">Otjiherero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwangali_language" title="Kwangali language">Rukwangali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tswana_language" title="Tswana language">Setswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zemba_language" title="Zemba language">Zemba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gciriku_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Gciriku language">Gciriku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fwe_language" title="Fwe language">Fwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuhane_language" title="Kuhane language">Kuhane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbukushu_language" title="Mbukushu language">Thimbukushu</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shiyeyi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Khoisan" title="Khoisan">Khoisan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khoekhoe_language" title="Khoekhoe language">Nama/Damara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naro_language" title="Naro language">Naro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taa_language" title="Taa language">ǃXóõ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C7%83Kung_languages" title="ǃKung languages">Kung-Ekoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C7%82Kx%27ao-%C7%81%27ae" class="mw-redirect" title="ǂKx'ao-ǁ'ae">ǂKxʼauǁʼein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khwe_language" title="Khwe language">Kxoe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sign_language" title="Sign language">Sign languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Namibian_Sign_Language" title="Namibian Sign Language">Namibian Sign Language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Immigrant languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_N–S)_(by_Guthrie_classification)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_N%E2%80%93S)" title="Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones N–S)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_N%E2%80%93S)" title="Template talk:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones N–S)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_N%E2%80%93S)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones N–S)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_N–S)_(by_Guthrie_classification)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Narrow <a href="/wiki/Bantu_languages" title="Bantu languages">Bantu languages</a> (Zones N–S) (by <a href="/wiki/Guthrie_classification_of_Bantu_languages" title="Guthrie classification of Bantu languages">Guthrie classification</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Zone N</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">N10</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>N11 <a href="/wiki/Manda-Matumba_language" title="Manda-Matumba language">Manda</a></li> <li>N12 <a href="/wiki/Ngoni_language" title="Ngoni language">Ngoni</a></li> <li>N13 <a href="/wiki/Matengo_language" title="Matengo language">Matengo</a></li> <li>N14 <a href="/wiki/Mpoto_language" title="Mpoto language">Mpoto</a></li> <li>N15 <a href="/wiki/Tonga_language_(Malawi)" title="Tonga language (Malawi)">Tonga</a></li> <li>[N101 <a href="/wiki/Ndendeule_language" title="Ndendeule language">Ndendeule</a></li> <li>N102 <a href="/wiki/Nindi_language" title="Nindi language">Nindi</a></li> <li>N121 <a href="/wiki/Ngoni_language" title="Ngoni language">Ngoni of Malawi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">N20</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>N21 <a href="/wiki/Tumbuka_language" title="Tumbuka language">Tumbuka</a></li> <li>[N201 <a href="/wiki/Mbamba_Bay_language" title="Mbamba Bay language">Mwera of Mbamba Bay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">N30</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>N31a <a href="/wiki/Chewa_language" title="Chewa language">Nyanja</a></li> <li>N31b <a href="/wiki/Chewa_language" title="Chewa language">Cewa</a></li> <li>N31c <a href="/wiki/Chewa_language" title="Chewa language">Manganja</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">N40</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>N41 <a href="/wiki/Nsenga_language" title="Nsenga language">Nsenga</a></li> <li>N42 <a href="/wiki/Kunda_language" title="Kunda language">Kunda</a></li> <li>N43 <a href="/wiki/Nyungwe_language" title="Nyungwe language">Nyungwe</a></li> <li>N44 <a href="/wiki/Sena_language" title="Sena language">Sena</a></li> <li>N45[44] <a href="/wiki/Sena_language" title="Sena language">Rue</a></li> <li>N46[44] <a href="/wiki/Sena_language" title="Sena language">Podzo</a></li> <li>[N441 <a href="/wiki/Sena_language" title="Sena language">Sena-Malawi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Zone P</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">P10</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>P11 <a href="/wiki/Ndengereko_language" title="Ndengereko language">Ndengereko</a></li> <li>P12 <a href="/wiki/Ndengereko_language" title="Ndengereko language">Ruihi</a></li> <li>P13 <a href="/wiki/Matumbi_language" title="Matumbi language">Matumbi</a></li> <li>P14 <a href="/wiki/Ngindo_language" title="Ngindo language">Ngindo</a></li> <li>P15 <a href="/wiki/Mbunga_language" title="Mbunga language">Mbunga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">P20</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>P21 <a href="/wiki/Yao_language" title="Yao language">Yao</a></li> <li>P22 <a href="/wiki/Mwera_language" title="Mwera language">Mwera</a></li> <li>P23 <a href="/wiki/Makonde_language" title="Makonde language">Makonde</a></li> <li>P24 <a href="/wiki/Makonde_language" title="Makonde language">Ndonde</a></li> <li>P25 <a href="/wiki/Makonde_language" title="Makonde language">Mabiha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">P30</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>P31 <a href="/wiki/Makhuwa_language" title="Makhuwa language">Makua</a></li> <li>P32 <a href="/wiki/Lomwe_language" title="Lomwe language">Lomwe</a></li> <li>P33 <a href="/wiki/Lomwe_language" title="Lomwe language">Ngulu</a></li> <li>P34 <a href="/wiki/Chuwabu_language" title="Chuwabu language">Cuabo</a></li> <li>[P311 <a href="/wiki/Koti_language" title="Koti language">Koti</a></li> <li>P312 <a href="/wiki/Nathembo_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Nathembo language">Sakati</a></li> <li>P331 <a href="/wiki/Malawi_Lomwe_language" title="Malawi Lomwe language">Lomwe of Malawi</a></li> <li>P341 <a href="/wiki/Moniga_language" title="Moniga language">Moniga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Zone R</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">R10</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>R11 <a href="/wiki/Umbundu" title="Umbundu">Umbundu</a></li> <li>R12 <a href="/wiki/Ndombe_language" title="Ndombe language">Ndombe</a></li> <li>R13 <a href="/wiki/Nyaneka_language" title="Nyaneka language">Nyaneka</a></li> <li>R14 <a href="/wiki/Nkumbi_language" title="Nkumbi language">Khumbi</a></li> <li>[R101 <a href="/wiki/Kuvale_language" title="Kuvale language">Kuvale</a></li> <li>R102 <a href="/wiki/Kwisi_people" title="Kwisi people">Kwisi</a></li> <li>R103 <a href="/wiki/Mbali_language" title="Mbali language">Mbali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">R20</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>R21 <a href="/wiki/Kwanyama_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Kwanyama dialect">Kwanyama</a></li> <li>R22 <a href="/wiki/Ndonga_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Ndonga dialect">Ndonga</a></li> <li>R23 <a href="/wiki/Kwambi_dialect" title="Kwambi dialect">Kwambi</a></li> <li>R24 <a href="/wiki/Ovambo_language" title="Ovambo language">Ngandyera</a></li> <li>[R211 <a href="/wiki/Ovambo_language" title="Ovambo language">Kafima</a></li> <li>R212 <a href="/wiki/Ovambo_language" title="Ovambo language">Evale</a></li> <li>R213 <a href="/wiki/Mbandja_language" title="Mbandja language">Mbandja</a></li> <li>R214 <a href="/wiki/Ovambo_language" title="Ovambo language">Mbalanhu</a></li> <li>R215 <a href="/wiki/Ovambo_language" title="Ovambo language">Ndongwena</a></li> <li>R216 <a href="/wiki/Ovambo_language" title="Ovambo language">Kwankwa</a></li> <li>R217 <a href="/wiki/Ovambo_language" title="Ovambo language">Dombondola</a></li> <li>R218 <a href="/wiki/Ovambo_language" title="Ovambo language">Esinga</a></li> <li>R241 <a href="/wiki/Ovambo_language" title="Ovambo language">Kwaluudhi</a></li> <li>R242 <a href="/wiki/Ovambo_language" title="Ovambo language">Kolonkadhi-Eunda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">R30</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>R31 <a href="/wiki/Herero_language" title="Herero language">Herero</a></li> <li>[R311 <a href="/wiki/Zemba_language" title="Zemba language">North-West Herero</a></li> <li>R312 <a href="/wiki/Herero_language" title="Herero language">Botswana Herero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">R40</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>R41 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Zone S</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">S10</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>S11 <a href="/wiki/Shona_language" title="Shona language">Korekore</a></li> <li>S12 <a href="/wiki/Shona_language" title="Shona language">Zezuru</a></li> <li>S13a <a href="/wiki/Manyika_dialect" title="Manyika dialect">Manyika</a></li> <li>S13b <a href="/wiki/Manyika_dialect" title="Manyika dialect">Tebe</a></li> <li>S14 <a href="/wiki/Shona_language" title="Shona language">Karanga</a></li> <li>S15 <a href="/wiki/Ndau_dialect" title="Ndau dialect">Ndau</a></li> <li>S16 <a href="/wiki/Kalanga_language" title="Kalanga language">Kalanga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">S20</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>S21 <a href="/wiki/Venda_language" title="Venda language">Venda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">S30</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>S31a <a href="/wiki/Tswana_language" title="Tswana language">Tswana</a></li> <li>S31b <a href="/wiki/Tswana_language" title="Tswana language">Kgatla</a></li> <li>S31c <a href="/wiki/Tswana_language" title="Tswana language">Ngwatu</a></li> <li>S31d[311] <a href="/wiki/Kgalagadi_language" title="Kgalagadi language">Khalaxadi</a></li> <li>S32a <a href="/wiki/Northern_Sotho" title="Northern Sotho">Pedi</a></li> <li>S32b <a href="/wiki/Northern_Sotho" title="Northern Sotho">Lobedu</a></li> <li>S33 <a href="/wiki/Sotho_language" title="Sotho language">Sotho</a></li> <li>[S301 <a href="/wiki/Northern_Sotho#Other_varieties_of_Northern_Sotho" title="Northern Sotho">Phalaborwa</a></li> <li>S302 <a href="/wiki/Northern_Sotho#Other_varieties_of_Northern_Sotho" title="Northern Sotho">Kutswe</a></li> <li>S303 <a href="/wiki/Northern_Sotho#Other_varieties_of_Northern_Sotho" title="Northern Sotho">Pai</a></li> <li>S304 <a href="/wiki/Northern_Sotho#Other_varieties_of_Northern_Sotho" title="Northern Sotho">Pulana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">S40</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>S41 <a href="/wiki/Xhosa_language" title="Xhosa language">Xhosa</a></li> <li>S42 <a href="/wiki/Zulu_language" title="Zulu language">Zulu</a></li> <li>S43 <a href="/wiki/Swazi_language" title="Swazi language">Swati</a></li> <li>S44 <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ndebele_language" title="Northern Ndebele language">(Northern) Ndebele</a></li> <li>[S401 <a href="/wiki/Fengu_people" title="Fengu people">Old Mfengu</a></li> <li>S402 <a href="/wiki/Bhaca_language" title="Bhaca language">Bhaca</a></li> <li>S403 <a href="/wiki/Hlubi_language" title="Hlubi language">Hlubi</a></li> <li>S404 <a href="/wiki/Phuthi_language" title="Phuthi language">Phuthi</a></li> <li>S405 <a href="/wiki/Nhlangwini_language" title="Nhlangwini language">Nhlangwini</a></li> <li>S406 <a href="/wiki/Lala_language_(South_Africa)" title="Lala language (South Africa)">Lala</a></li> <li>S407 <a href="/wiki/Southern_Ndebele_language" title="Southern Ndebele language">South Ndebele</a></li> <li>S408 <a href="/wiki/Sumayela_Ndebele_language" title="Sumayela Ndebele language">Sumayela Ndebele</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">S50</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>S51 <a href="/wiki/Tswa_language" title="Tswa language">Tswa</a></li> <li>S52[53] <a href="/wiki/Tsonga_language" title="Tsonga language">Gwamba</a></li> <li>S53 <a href="/wiki/Tsonga_language" title="Tsonga language">Tsonga</a></li> <li>S54 <a href="/wiki/Ronga_language" title="Ronga language">Ronga</a></li> <li>[S511 <a href="/wiki/Tswa_language" title="Tswa language">Hlengwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">S60</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>S61 <a href="/wiki/Chopi_language" title="Chopi language">Copi</a></li> <li>S62 <a href="/wiki/Tonga_language_(Mozambique)" title="Tonga language (Mozambique)">Tonga</a></li> <li>[S611 <a href="/wiki/Chopi_language" title="Chopi language">Lenge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> indicate <a href="/wiki/Language_death" title="Language death">extinct languages</a>.</li> <li>Languages between parentheses are <a href="/wiki/Variety_(linguistics)" title="Variety (linguistics)">varieties</a> of the language on their left.</li></ul> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Guthrie_classification_of_Bantu_languages" title="Guthrie classification of Bantu languages">Guthrie classification</a> is geographic and its groupings do not imply a relationship between the languages within them.</li></ul> <dl><dt>Narrow Bantu languages by Guthrie classification zone templates</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_A%E2%80%93B)" title="Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B)">Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_C%E2%80%93D)" title="Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones C–D)">Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones C–D)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_E%E2%80%93H)" title="Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H)">Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_J%E2%80%93M)" title="Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones J–M)">Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones J–M)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_N%E2%80%93S)" title="Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones N–S)">Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones N–S)</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8053347#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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