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u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_51349766" data-work_id="51349766" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51349766/Removal_of_chromium_VI_from_wastewater_by_activated_carbon_developed_from_Tamarind_wood_activated_with_zinc_chloride">Removal of chromium(VI) from wastewater by activated carbon developed from Tamarind wood activated with zinc chloride</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this work, the adsorption of chromium(VI) was studied on activated carbon prepared from Tamarind wood with zinc chloride activation. Adsorption studies were conducted in the range of 10–50mg/l initial chromium(VI) concentration and at... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_51349766" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this work, the adsorption of chromium(VI) was studied on activated carbon prepared from Tamarind wood with zinc chloride activation. Adsorption studies were conducted in the range of 10–50mg/l initial chromium(VI) concentration and at temperature in the range of 10–50°C. The experimental data were analyzed by the Freundlich isotherm and the Langmuir isotherm. Equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/51349766" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ee4609ab2f40e2aabcb5e4bccff28c3e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69109807,"asset_id":51349766,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69109807/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="80241680" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JyotikusumAcharya">Jyotikusum Acharya</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="80241680" type="text/json">{"id":80241680,"first_name":"Jyotikusum","last_name":"Acharya","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JyotikusumAcharya","display_name":"Jyotikusum Acharya","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JyotikusumAcharya?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_51349766 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="51349766"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51349766, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_51349766", }); 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Adsorption studies were conducted in the range of 10–50mg/l initial chromium(VI) concentration and at temperature in the range of 10–50°C. The experimental data were analyzed by the Freundlich isotherm and the Langmuir isotherm. Equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69109807,"asset_id":51349766,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":80241680,"first_name":"Jyotikusum","last_name":"Acharya","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JyotikusumAcharya","display_name":"Jyotikusum Acharya","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JyotikusumAcharya?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":2024,"name":"Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_Transfer?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":9991,"name":"Wastewater Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wastewater_Treatment?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":39753,"name":"Activated Carbon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Activated_Carbon?f_ri=72"},{"id":151778,"name":"Chromium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chromium?f_ri=72"},{"id":158165,"name":"Zinc","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zinc?f_ri=72"},{"id":228375,"name":"Data Fitting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Fitting?f_ri=72"},{"id":347272,"name":"Second Order","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Order?f_ri=72"},{"id":989646,"name":"Aqueous Solution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aqueous_Solution?f_ri=72"},{"id":1120502,"name":"Experimental Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Data?f_ri=72"},{"id":1291063,"name":"Thermodynamic Parameter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermodynamic_Parameter?f_ri=72"},{"id":1453161,"name":"Langmuir Isotherm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Langmuir_Isotherm?f_ri=72"},{"id":2283078,"name":"Freundlich Isotherm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Freundlich_Isotherm?f_ri=72"},{"id":2596683,"name":"Rate Limiting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rate_Limiting?f_ri=72"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_51282626" data-work_id="51282626" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51282626/Effect_of_Grape_Seed_Extracts_on_the_Physicochemical_and_Sensory_Properties_of_Corn_Chips_during_Storage">Effect of Grape Seed Extracts on the Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Corn Chips during Storage</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study evaluated the effectiveness of grape seed extracts (GSE) on lipid oxidation of corn chips stored for 90 days in comparison to tert-butylhydroxytoluene (BHT). Proximate chemical analysis results showed that corn chips contained... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_51282626" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study evaluated the effectiveness of grape seed extracts (GSE) on lipid oxidation of corn chips stored for 90 days in comparison to tert-butylhydroxytoluene (BHT). Proximate chemical analysis results showed that corn chips contained low moisture contents (less than 2%) and also that no significant differences were found in the dry matter values in ash, fat, protein, and fiber. Antioxidant activity</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/51282626" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0b79f49598d650bf1110d7d5edb68c7a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69070005,"asset_id":51282626,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69070005/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="200040083" href="https://independent.academia.edu/mohammadalhamad10">mohammad alhamad</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="200040083" type="text/json">{"id":200040083,"first_name":"mohammad","last_name":"alhamad","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"mohammadalhamad10","display_name":"mohammad alhamad","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mohammadalhamad10?f_ri=72","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/ad40e2d673a4ca8f31d8f0a0828f6f27?s=65"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_51282626 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="51282626"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51282626, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_51282626", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51282626]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_51282626").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_51282626").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="51282626"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i> <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a> </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensory">Sensory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10159" type="text/json">{"id":10159,"name":"Sensory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensory?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39718" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Preservation">Food Preservation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="39718" type="text/json">{"id":39718,"name":"Food Preservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Preservation?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="168891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Analysis">Chemical Analysis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="168891" type="text/json">{"id":168891,"name":"Chemical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Analysis?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=51282626]'), work: {"id":51282626,"title":"Effect of Grape Seed Extracts on the Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Corn Chips during Storage","created_at":"2021-09-05T01:44:42.671-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/51282626/Effect_of_Grape_Seed_Extracts_on_the_Physicochemical_and_Sensory_Properties_of_Corn_Chips_during_Storage?f_ri=72","dom_id":"work_51282626","summary":"This study evaluated the effectiveness of grape seed extracts (GSE) on lipid oxidation of corn chips stored for 90 days in comparison to tert-butylhydroxytoluene (BHT). Proximate chemical analysis results showed that corn chips contained low moisture contents (less than 2%) and also that no significant differences were found in the dry matter values in ash, fat, protein, and fiber. Antioxidant activity","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69070005,"asset_id":51282626,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":200040083,"first_name":"mohammad","last_name":"alhamad","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"mohammadalhamad10","display_name":"mohammad alhamad","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mohammadalhamad10?f_ri=72","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/ad40e2d673a4ca8f31d8f0a0828f6f27?s=65"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":10159,"name":"Sensory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensory?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":39718,"name":"Food Preservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Preservation?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":168891,"name":"Chemical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Analysis?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":225993,"name":"Lipid Oxidation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lipid_Oxidation?f_ri=72"},{"id":290433,"name":"Antioxidant Activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antioxidant_Activity?f_ri=72"},{"id":322954,"name":"Chip","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chip?f_ri=72"},{"id":403452,"name":"Warehousing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Warehousing?f_ri=72"},{"id":485667,"name":"Moisture Content","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moisture_Content?f_ri=72"},{"id":512940,"name":"Sensory properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensory_properties?f_ri=72"},{"id":563382,"name":"Oxidation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidation?f_ri=72"},{"id":788679,"name":"Grape seed extract","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Grape_seed_extract?f_ri=72"},{"id":789968,"name":"Extract","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Extract?f_ri=72"},{"id":953277,"name":"Dry Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dry_Matter?f_ri=72"},{"id":1638793,"name":"Oxidative Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidative_Stability?f_ri=72"},{"id":1766828,"name":"Peroxide value","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peroxide_value?f_ri=72"},{"id":1863718,"name":"The American","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_American?f_ri=72"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50432714" data-work_id="50432714" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50432714/Kinetics_and_mechanism_of_the_anation_of_aquocobalamin_vitamin_B12a_by_cyanoferrates_Isolation_and_identification_of_a_cyano_bridged_product_and_mechanistic_information_from_pressure_effects">Kinetics and mechanism of the anation of aquocobalamin (vitamin B12a) by cyanoferrates. Isolation and identification of a cyano-bridged product and mechanistic information from pressure effects</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50432714" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6681160ba0adf2856a771c024d41edd0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68423966,"asset_id":50432714,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68423966/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32949181" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RudiVanEldik">Rudi Van Eldik</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32949181" type="text/json">{"id":32949181,"first_name":"Rudi Van","last_name":"Eldik","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RudiVanEldik","display_name":"Rudi Van Eldik","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RudiVanEldik?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50432714 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50432714"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50432714, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50432714", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50432714]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50432714").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50432714").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50432714"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i> <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a> </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="530" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inorganic_Chemistry">Inorganic Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="530" type="text/json">{"id":530,"name":"Inorganic Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inorganic_Chemistry?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4987" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics">Kinetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4987" type="text/json">{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="845691" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reaction_Mechanism">Reaction Mechanism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="845691" type="text/json">{"id":845691,"name":"Reaction Mechanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reaction_Mechanism?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50432714]'), work: {"id":50432714,"title":"Kinetics and mechanism of the anation of aquocobalamin (vitamin B12a) by cyanoferrates. Isolation and identification of a cyano-bridged product and mechanistic information from pressure effects","created_at":"2021-07-31T04:12:03.211-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50432714/Kinetics_and_mechanism_of_the_anation_of_aquocobalamin_vitamin_B12a_by_cyanoferrates_Isolation_and_identification_of_a_cyano_bridged_product_and_mechanistic_information_from_pressure_effects?f_ri=72","dom_id":"work_50432714","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68423966,"asset_id":50432714,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32949181,"first_name":"Rudi Van","last_name":"Eldik","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RudiVanEldik","display_name":"Rudi Van Eldik","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RudiVanEldik?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":530,"name":"Inorganic 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href="https://www.academia.edu/45652430/ASSESSMENT_OF_PRODUCTIVE_SKILL_COMPETENCY_LEVELS_BASED_ON_GENDER_AMONG_SENIOR_SECONDARY_SCHOOL_CHEMISTRY_STUDENTS_FOR_ENTREPRENEURSHIP">ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCTIVE SKILL COMPETENCY LEVELS BASED ON GENDER AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL CHEMISTRY STUDENTS FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">ABSTRACT. The study was an assessment of productive skill competency levels of secondary school chemistry students for entrepreneurship. Ten research questions and ten null hypotheses guided the study. A descriptive survey design was... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45652430" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ABSTRACT.<br /><br />The study was an assessment of productive skill competency levels of secondary school chemistry students for entrepreneurship. Ten research questions and ten null hypotheses guided the study. A descriptive survey design was employed for the study. From the population of 6121 chemistry students, 1132 was sampled by balloting and used in the study.<br />The study was carried out in all the secondary schools in the six education zones in Anambra state. Instrument for data collection was<br />Test of Acquisition of science process skills (TASPS). Mean scores were used in answering the ten research questions, while the ten hypotheses were tested using t-test. From the analysis, the researcher found that: SS3 chemistry students possessed science process skills. There was no significant difference between the level of competence of the male and female SS3 chemistry students. The study has shown that at the end of three years of senior secondary school, the chemistry students possessed science process skills which if properly channeled will enhance their entrepreneurial abilities. Based on the findings and discussions, some recommendations were made: the State Ministry of Education should encourage exhibition of students’ products from time to time as this will encourage both teachers and students to improve their productive skills. The examination bodies WAEC and NECO should encourage the productive skills of the students by emphasizing on questions that will require them to produce articles like soap, cream, salt, charging of battery etc so as to give those avenues to apply the Science Process Skills (SPS) learnt in other practical aspects. Limitations of the study were stated and suggestions for further study proffered.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45652430" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5b986872d1fe3d20e677f4c6070c6101" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66151253,"asset_id":45652430,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66151253/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13946663" href="https://independent.academia.edu/UKAHVALENTINE">PROJECTSLIB P R O J E C T T O P I C S materials</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13946663" type="text/json">{"id":13946663,"first_name":"PROJECTSLIB","last_name":"materials","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"UKAHVALENTINE","display_name":"PROJECTSLIB P R O J E C T T O P I C S materials","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/UKAHVALENTINE?f_ri=72","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13946663/53767397/41899946/s65_projectslib.materials.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45652430 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45652430"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45652430, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45652430", }); 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Ten research questions and ten null hypotheses guided the study. A descriptive survey design was employed for the study. From the population of 6121 chemistry students, 1132 was sampled by balloting and used in the study.\nThe study was carried out in all the secondary schools in the six education zones in Anambra state. Instrument for data collection was\nTest of Acquisition of science process skills (TASPS). Mean scores were used in answering the ten research questions, while the ten hypotheses were tested using t-test. From the analysis, the researcher found that: SS3 chemistry students possessed science process skills. There was no significant difference between the level of competence of the male and female SS3 chemistry students. The study has shown that at the end of three years of senior secondary school, the chemistry students possessed science process skills which if properly channeled will enhance their entrepreneurial abilities. Based on the findings and discussions, some recommendations were made: the State Ministry of Education should encourage exhibition of students’ products from time to time as this will encourage both teachers and students to improve their productive skills. The examination bodies WAEC and NECO should encourage the productive skills of the students by emphasizing on questions that will require them to produce articles like soap, cream, salt, charging of battery etc so as to give those avenues to apply the Science Process Skills (SPS) learnt in other practical aspects. Limitations of the study were stated and suggestions for further study proffered.\n\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66151253,"asset_id":45652430,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13946663,"first_name":"PROJECTSLIB","last_name":"materials","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"UKAHVALENTINE","display_name":"PROJECTSLIB P R O J E C T T O P I C S materials","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/UKAHVALENTINE?f_ri=72","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13946663/53767397/41899946/s65_projectslib.materials.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":387774,"name":"Reading Skills","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reading_Skills?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":1121494,"name":"Student","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Student?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43930460" data-work_id="43930460" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43930460/Modelling_agglomeration_degree_in_sucrose_crystallisation">Modelling agglomeration degree in sucrose crystallisation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43930460" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ec6a5d2dcd372712255ac0cb7e77fedd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64254231,"asset_id":43930460,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64254231/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="167431942" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SandraHelenaAzevedo">Sandra Helena Azevedo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="167431942" type="text/json">{"id":167431942,"first_name":"Sandra Helena","last_name":"Azevedo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SandraHelenaAzevedo","display_name":"Sandra Helena Azevedo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SandraHelenaAzevedo?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43930460 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43930460"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43930460, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43930460", }); 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There are classical databases such as navigation or terrain database and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41893025" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden"> Abstract-Aeronautical Data Chain is a conceptual representation of the path that a set or element of aeronautical data takes from its origination up to end-use. There are classical databases such as navigation or terrain database and configuration files for modularity and portability purposes. These databases can be used to activate or deactivate software items, adapt the software computation to the aircraft configuration, or provide computation data. The RTCA DO-200B establishes three Data Process Assurance Level (DPAL) as the level of rigor, representing the amount of verification and validation tasks performed, during data processing to assure data quality. This paper presents four different and complementary validation techniques to ensure correctness for Aeronautical Databases. This work aims to cover the existing gap in the available standards, presenting and exemplifying some proposed techniques. It also presents some techniques and provides different comparisons and specific intentions. At the end, some relevant needs of qualified tools are discussed to ensure that the use of techniques can be automated, and credits can be sought using tools.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41893025" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a7074fa73c391b044c2f90a3a47282e0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62023850,"asset_id":41893025,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62023850/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7031831" href="https://erpublication.academia.edu/international_journals_for_researchers">International Journals for Researchers [ER Publication, WOAR Journals, IJEAS and IJEART]</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7031831" type="text/json">{"id":7031831,"first_name":"International Journals for Researchers","last_name":"[ER Publication, WOAR Journals, IJEAS and IJEART]","domain_name":"erpublication","page_name":"international_journals_for_researchers","display_name":"International Journals for Researchers [ER Publication, WOAR Journals, IJEAS and IJEART]","profile_url":"https://erpublication.academia.edu/international_journals_for_researchers?f_ri=72","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7031831/2656864/151250930/s65_international_journals_for_researchers._er_publication_woar_journals_ijeas_and_ijeart_.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41893025 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41893025"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41893025, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41893025", }); 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There are classical databases such as navigation or terrain database and configuration files for modularity and portability purposes. These databases can be used to activate or deactivate software items, adapt the software computation to the aircraft configuration, or provide computation data. The RTCA DO-200B establishes three Data Process Assurance Level (DPAL) as the level of rigor, representing the amount of verification and validation tasks performed, during data processing to assure data quality. This paper presents four different and complementary validation techniques to ensure correctness for Aeronautical Databases. This work aims to cover the existing gap in the available standards, presenting and exemplifying some proposed techniques. It also presents some techniques and provides different comparisons and specific intentions. 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The reaction time was 120 min. The percentage of P2O5 after removal was 0.72 % and met the Vietnam Standard 11833:2017 issued by... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41892293" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Phosphogypsum disposal from Dinh Vu DAP company was used to separate phosphate and make gypsum by (NH¬4)2SO4. The reaction time was 120 min. The percentage of P2O5 after removal was 0.72 % and met the Vietnam Standard 11833:2017 issued by Institute of Building Materials. The components in phosphogypsum could be applied to manufacture cement. The final product was mixed by PG120 : clinker : fly ash with ratio 5:80:15% (w/w), respectively to manufacture cement. The cement was tested compressive strength. The strength was 55 N/mm2 after 28 days. Index Terms-Phosphate gypsum (PG), CaHPO4.2H2O, CaSO4.2H2O, P2O5, cement, diammonium phosphate (DAP).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41892293" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9cbad965ac60c81bba32ddae307a126a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62023390,"asset_id":41892293,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62023390/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7031831" href="https://erpublication.academia.edu/international_journals_for_researchers">International Journals for Researchers [ER Publication, WOAR Journals, IJEAS and IJEART]</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7031831" type="text/json">{"id":7031831,"first_name":"International Journals for Researchers","last_name":"[ER Publication, WOAR Journals, IJEAS and IJEART]","domain_name":"erpublication","page_name":"international_journals_for_researchers","display_name":"International Journals for Researchers [ER Publication, WOAR Journals, IJEAS and IJEART]","profile_url":"https://erpublication.academia.edu/international_journals_for_researchers?f_ri=72","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7031831/2656864/151250930/s65_international_journals_for_researchers._er_publication_woar_journals_ijeas_and_ijeart_.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41892293 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41892293"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41892293, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41892293", }); 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The reaction time was 120 min. The percentage of P2O5 after removal was 0.72 % and met the Vietnam Standard 11833:2017 issued by Institute of Building Materials. The components in phosphogypsum could be applied to manufacture cement. The final product was mixed by PG120 : clinker : fly ash with ratio 5:80:15% (w/w), respectively to manufacture cement. The cement was tested compressive strength. The strength was 55 N/mm2 after 28 days. Index Terms-Phosphate gypsum (PG), CaHPO4.2H2O, CaSO4.2H2O, P2O5, cement, diammonium phosphate (DAP).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62023390,"asset_id":41892293,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7031831,"first_name":"International Journals for Researchers","last_name":"[ER Publication, WOAR Journals, IJEAS and IJEART]","domain_name":"erpublication","page_name":"international_journals_for_researchers","display_name":"International Journals for Researchers [ER Publication, WOAR Journals, IJEAS and IJEART]","profile_url":"https://erpublication.academia.edu/international_journals_for_researchers?f_ri=72","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7031831/2656864/151250930/s65_international_journals_for_researchers._er_publication_woar_journals_ijeas_and_ijeart_.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":49,"name":"Electrical 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The use of a filter plays an important part in a communication... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35314031" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">— In digital communication system, digital information can be sent on a carrier through changes in its fundamental characteristics such as phase, frequency and amplitude. The use of a filter plays an important part in a communication channel because it is effective at eliminating spectral leakage, reducing channel width, and eliminating interference from adjacent symbols (Inter Symbol Interference) ISI. It describe the developed and dynamic method of designing finite impulse response filter with automatic rapid and less error by an efficient genetic and neural approach. GA and Neural are powerful global optimization algorithm introduced in combinational optimization problems. Here, FIR filter is designed using Genetic, Neural approach by efficient coding schemes. We need to design these filters with some constraints imposed by requirements of the communication system in which we are going to use them. The use of optimization techniques have been proved to be quite useful towards the design of those digital filters with certain specifications. This paper reviews about the uses of optimization systems in digital filter design.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35314031" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1c28165e72fbfd784447130bac427eea" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55174538,"asset_id":35314031,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55174538/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7031831" href="https://erpublication.academia.edu/international_journals_for_researchers">International Journals for Researchers [ER Publication, WOAR Journals, IJEAS and IJEART]</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7031831" type="text/json">{"id":7031831,"first_name":"International Journals for Researchers","last_name":"[ER Publication, WOAR Journals, IJEAS and IJEART]","domain_name":"erpublication","page_name":"international_journals_for_researchers","display_name":"International Journals for Researchers [ER Publication, WOAR Journals, IJEAS and IJEART]","profile_url":"https://erpublication.academia.edu/international_journals_for_researchers?f_ri=72","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7031831/2656864/151250930/s65_international_journals_for_researchers._er_publication_woar_journals_ijeas_and_ijeart_.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35314031 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35314031"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35314031, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35314031", }); 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}); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33498248").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33498248"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33498248]'), work: {"id":33498248,"title":"Copper-Sulfate Pentahydrate as a Product of the Waste Sulfuric Acid Solution 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data-work_id="32590511" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32590511/Heterogeneous_Reaction_Dynamics">Heterogeneous Reaction Dynamics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32590511" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="974b27083f81d3f5c96cda2b1f2240dc" rel="nofollow" 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Koel","profile_url":"https://princeton.academia.edu/BKoel?f_ri=72","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/63338049/16438869/16798967/s65_b..koel.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":4749,"name":"Catalysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catalysis?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32374923" data-work_id="32374923" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32374923/Mechanism_of_2_4_dinitrophenol_photocatalytic_degradation_by_%CE%B6_Bi2O3_Bi2MoO6_composites_under_solar_and_visible_light_irradiation">Mechanism of 2,4-dinitrophenol photocatalytic degradation by ζ-Bi2O3/Bi2MoO6 composites under solar and visible light irradiation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32374923" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6a9c9d30b4e83046d6692f5417e7ab13" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52578246,"asset_id":32374923,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52578246/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="62437651" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LongZhang18">Long Zhang</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="62437651" type="text/json">{"id":62437651,"first_name":"Long","last_name":"Zhang","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LongZhang18","display_name":"Long Zhang","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LongZhang18?f_ri=72","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/62437651/16309316/16707003/s65_long.zhang.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32374923 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32374923"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32374923, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32374923", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32374923]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32374923").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32374923").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32374923"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i> <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a> </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="58355" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photocatalyst">Photocatalyst</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="58355" type="text/json">{"id":58355,"name":"Photocatalyst","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photocatalyst?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="163878" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Degradation">Degradation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="163878" type="text/json">{"id":163878,"name":"Degradation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Degradation?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1011284" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radicals">Radicals</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1011284" type="text/json">{"id":1011284,"name":"Radicals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radicals?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32374923]'), work: {"id":32374923,"title":"Mechanism of 2,4-dinitrophenol photocatalytic degradation by ζ-Bi2O3/Bi2MoO6 composites under solar and visible light irradiation","created_at":"2017-04-11T00:48:45.679-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32374923/Mechanism_of_2_4_dinitrophenol_photocatalytic_degradation_by_%CE%B6_Bi2O3_Bi2MoO6_composites_under_solar_and_visible_light_irradiation?f_ri=72","dom_id":"work_32374923","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52578246,"asset_id":32374923,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":62437651,"first_name":"Long","last_name":"Zhang","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LongZhang18","display_name":"Long Zhang","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LongZhang18?f_ri=72","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/62437651/16309316/16707003/s65_long.zhang.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":58355,"name":"Photocatalyst","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photocatalyst?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":163878,"name":"Degradation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Degradation?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":1011284,"name":"Radicals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radicals?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31994551" data-work_id="31994551" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31994551/Hierarchical_ZnO_nanorods_on_Si_Micro_pillar_Arrays_for_performance_Enhancement_of_Piezoelectric_Nanogenerators">Hierarchical ZnO nanorods on Si Micro-pillar Arrays for performance Enhancement of Piezoelectric Nanogenerators</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Enhanced output power from a ZnO nanorod (NR) based piezoelectric nanogenerator (PNG) is demonstrated by forming a hetero-junction with Si micro-pillar (MP) array. The length of the SiMP array, which was fabricated by electrochemical... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31994551" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Enhanced output power from a ZnO nanorod (NR) based piezoelectric nanogenerator (PNG) is demonstrated by forming a hetero-junction with Si micro-pillar (MP) array. The length of the SiMP array, which was fabricated by electrochemical etching, was increased systematically from 5 to 20 ?m by controlling the etching time. Our structural and optical investigations showed that the ZnO NRs were grown hierarchically on the SiMPs, and their crystalline quality was similar regardless of the length of the underlying SiMPs. The peak output voltage from the ZnO NR-based PNG was greatly increased about 5.7 times, from 0.7 to 4.0 V, as the length of the SiMP arrays increased from 0 (flat substrate) to 20 ?m. The enhancement mechanism was explained based on the series connection of the ZnO NRs regarded as a single source of piezoelectric potential by creating a hetero-junction onto the SiMP arrays.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31994551" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b90169472ad3d602a650471f2adc6ed4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52263581,"asset_id":31994551,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52263581/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34606539" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MdRoqibulHasan">Md. 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The length of the SiMP array, which was fabricated by electrochemical etching, was increased systematically from 5 to 20 ?m by controlling the etching time. Our structural and optical investigations showed that the ZnO NRs were grown hierarchically on the SiMPs, and their crystalline quality was similar regardless of the length of the underlying SiMPs. The peak output voltage from the ZnO NR-based PNG was greatly increased about 5.7 times, from 0.7 to 4.0 V, as the length of the SiMP arrays increased from 0 (flat substrate) to 20 ?m. The enhancement mechanism was explained based on the series connection of the ZnO NRs regarded as a single source of piezoelectric potential by creating a hetero-junction onto the SiMP arrays.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52263581,"asset_id":31994551,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34606539,"first_name":"Md. Roqibul","last_name":"Hasan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MdRoqibulHasan","display_name":"Md. Roqibul Hasan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MdRoqibulHasan?f_ri=72","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34606539/12126576/13507278/s65_md._roqibul.hasan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31756034" data-work_id="31756034" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31756034/Investigation_of_the_Effects_of_Sulphuric_Acid_Modification_on_the_Structural_and_Bleaching_Performance_of_Ukpor_Clay">Investigation of the Effects of Sulphuric Acid Modification on the Structural and Bleaching Performance of Ukpor Clay</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The effects of sulphuric acid modification on the structural and bleaching performance of Ukpor clay were investigated. The clay samples from Ukpor were mined; washed; sun-dried; sized to 0.075mm particle size and reacted with different... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31756034" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The effects of sulphuric acid modification on the structural and bleaching performance of Ukpor clay were investigated. The clay samples from Ukpor were mined; washed; sun-dried; sized to 0.075mm particle size and reacted with different concentrations of sulphuric acid ranging from 1M to 6M. The raw and acid modified samples were characterized using X-ray Fluorescence and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to investigate the effects of acid leaching. The adsorptive performance of the modified samples was investigated by using the samples to remove colour pigments from palm oil. The analyses showed that sulphuric acid leaching caused an exchange of Al 3+ , Fe 3+ , and Mg 2+ with H + ions which led to the modification of the clay crystalline structure and the surface area of the modified samples was observed to increase to more than three times that of the raw sample. The adsorption results showed that the adsorptive performance of the modified samples was improved over that of the raw sample with the sample modified with 4M H 2 SO 4 given the best result. The adsorptive capacity increased from 28.4% (using the raw clay sample) to 79.5% (using the 4M H 2 SO 4 modified sample). The equilibrium result showed that the colour pigment adsorption onto acid modified Ukpor clay occurred in multi-layer in agreement with Freundlich adsorption isotherm model. Conclusively, this study has shown that sulphuric acid modified Ukpor clay is a good adsorbent for palm oil bleaching and that acid concentration is an important factor in the modification step.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31756034" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="26cd39d48c6134bd097bc236e08f308c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52062815,"asset_id":31756034,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52062815/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="61153273" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BaxtiyorGaniyev">Baxtiyor Ganiyev</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="61153273" type="text/json">{"id":61153273,"first_name":"Baxtiyor","last_name":"Ganiyev","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BaxtiyorGaniyev","display_name":"Baxtiyor Ganiyev","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BaxtiyorGaniyev?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31756034 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31756034"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31756034, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31756034", }); 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The clay samples from Ukpor were mined; washed; sun-dried; sized to 0.075mm particle size and reacted with different concentrations of sulphuric acid ranging from 1M to 6M. The raw and acid modified samples were characterized using X-ray Fluorescence and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to investigate the effects of acid leaching. The adsorptive performance of the modified samples was investigated by using the samples to remove colour pigments from palm oil. The analyses showed that sulphuric acid leaching caused an exchange of Al 3+ , Fe 3+ , and Mg 2+ with H + ions which led to the modification of the clay crystalline structure and the surface area of the modified samples was observed to increase to more than three times that of the raw sample. The adsorption results showed that the adsorptive performance of the modified samples was improved over that of the raw sample with the sample modified with 4M H 2 SO 4 given the best result. The adsorptive capacity increased from 28.4% (using the raw clay sample) to 79.5% (using the 4M H 2 SO 4 modified sample). The equilibrium result showed that the colour pigment adsorption onto acid modified Ukpor clay occurred in multi-layer in agreement with Freundlich adsorption isotherm model. Conclusively, this study has shown that sulphuric acid modified Ukpor clay is a good adsorbent for palm oil bleaching and that acid concentration is an important factor in the modification step.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52062815,"asset_id":31756034,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":61153273,"first_name":"Baxtiyor","last_name":"Ganiyev","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BaxtiyorGaniyev","display_name":"Baxtiyor Ganiyev","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BaxtiyorGaniyev?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div 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Farhoodi","profile_url":"https://tehran.academia.edu/MehdiFarhoodi?f_ri=72","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1632978/568234/707510/s65_mehdi.farhoodi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30382504" data-work_id="30382504" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30382504/Use_of_cell_bleed_in_a_high_cell_density_perfusion_culture_and_multivariable_control_of_biomass_and_metabolite_concentrations">Use of cell bleed in a high cell density perfusion culture and multivariable control of biomass and metabolite concentrations</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30382504" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3dbf66df70a0d9083cd31993d3df545a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50831670,"asset_id":30382504,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50831670/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9553181" href="https://mcgill.academia.edu/AmineKamen">Amine Kamen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9553181" type="text/json">{"id":9553181,"first_name":"Amine","last_name":"Kamen","domain_name":"mcgill","page_name":"AmineKamen","display_name":"Amine Kamen","profile_url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/AmineKamen?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30382504 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u-positionRelative">5</a> </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="92239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Asia_Pacific">Asia Pacific</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="92239" type="text/json">{"id":92239,"name":"Asia Pacific","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Asia_Pacific?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="161534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perfusion">Perfusion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="161534" type="text/json">{"id":161534,"name":"Perfusion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perfusion?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="245592" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multivariable_Control">Multivariable Control</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="245592" type="text/json">{"id":245592,"name":"Multivariable Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multivariable_Control?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30382504]'), work: {"id":30382504,"title":"Use of cell bleed in a high cell density perfusion culture and multivariable control of biomass and metabolite concentrations","created_at":"2016-12-11T07:42:19.591-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30382504/Use_of_cell_bleed_in_a_high_cell_density_perfusion_culture_and_multivariable_control_of_biomass_and_metabolite_concentrations?f_ri=72","dom_id":"work_30382504","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50831670,"asset_id":30382504,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9553181,"first_name":"Amine","last_name":"Kamen","domain_name":"mcgill","page_name":"AmineKamen","display_name":"Amine Kamen","profile_url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/AmineKamen?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":92239,"name":"Asia Pacific","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Asia_Pacific?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":161534,"name":"Perfusion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perfusion?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":245592,"name":"Multivariable Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multivariable_Control?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":2552054,"name":"Backstepping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Backstepping?f_ri=72"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2135161" data-work_id="2135161" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2135161/Separation_of_CO_2_from_flue_gas_using_electrochemical_cells">Separation of CO 2 from flue gas using electrochemical cells</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Past research with high temperature molten carbonate electrochemical cells has shown that carbon dioxide can be separated from flue gas streams produced by pulverized coal combustion for power generation. However, the presence of trace... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2135161" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Past research with high temperature molten carbonate electrochemical cells has shown that carbon dioxide can be separated from flue gas streams produced by pulverized coal combustion for power generation. However, the presence of trace contaminants, i.e., sulfur dioxide and nitric oxides, will impact the electrolyte within the cell. If a lower temperature cell could be devised that would utilize the benefits of commercially-available, upstream desulfurization and denitrification in the power plant, then this CO2 separation technique can approach more viability in the carbon sequestration area. Recent work has led to the assembly and successful operation of a low temperature electrochemical cell. In the proof-of-concept testing with this cell, an anion exchange membrane was sandwiched between gas-diffusion electrodes consisting of nickel-based anode electrocatalysts on carbon paper. When a potential was applied across the cell and a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide was flowed over the wetted electrolyte on the cathode side, a stream of CO2 to O2 was produced on the anode side, suggesting that carbonate/bicarbonate ions are the CO2 carrier in the membrane. Since a mixture of CO2 and O2 is produced, the possibility exists to use this stream in oxy-firing of additional fuel.From this research, a novel concept for efficiently producing a carbon dioxide rich effluent from combustion of a fossil fuel was proposed. Carbon dioxide and oxygen are captured from the flue gas of a fossil-fuel combustor by one or more electrochemical cells or cell stacks. The separated stream is then transferred to an oxy-fired combustor which uses the gas stream for ancillary combustion, ultimately resulting in an effluent rich in carbon dioxide. A portion of the resulting flow produced by the oxy-fired combustor may be continuously recycled back into the oxy-fired combustor for temperature control and an optimal carbon dioxide rich effluent.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2135161" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e31eb930787f3544ff6ccf299f562c9a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50738417,"asset_id":2135161,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50738417/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="731281" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JamesPennline">James Pennline</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="731281" type="text/json">{"id":731281,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Pennline","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JamesPennline","display_name":"James Pennline","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JamesPennline?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2135161 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2135161"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2135161, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2135161", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2135161]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2135161").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2135161").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2135161"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i> <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a> </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4594" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Dioxide">Carbon Dioxide</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4594" type="text/json">{"id":4594,"name":"Carbon Dioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Dioxide?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Sequestration">Carbon Sequestration</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11643" type="text/json">{"id":11643,"name":"Carbon Sequestration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Sequestration?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2135161]'), work: {"id":2135161,"title":"Separation of CO 2 from flue gas using electrochemical cells","created_at":"2012-11-14T23:51:11.762-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2135161/Separation_of_CO_2_from_flue_gas_using_electrochemical_cells?f_ri=72","dom_id":"work_2135161","summary":"Past research with high temperature molten carbonate electrochemical cells has shown that carbon dioxide can be separated from flue gas streams produced by pulverized coal combustion for power generation. However, the presence of trace contaminants, i.e., sulfur dioxide and nitric oxides, will impact the electrolyte within the cell. If a lower temperature cell could be devised that would utilize the benefits of commercially-available, upstream desulfurization and denitrification in the power plant, then this CO2 separation technique can approach more viability in the carbon sequestration area. Recent work has led to the assembly and successful operation of a low temperature electrochemical cell. In the proof-of-concept testing with this cell, an anion exchange membrane was sandwiched between gas-diffusion electrodes consisting of nickel-based anode electrocatalysts on carbon paper. When a potential was applied across the cell and a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide was flowed over the wetted electrolyte on the cathode side, a stream of CO2 to O2 was produced on the anode side, suggesting that carbonate/bicarbonate ions are the CO2 carrier in the membrane. Since a mixture of CO2 and O2 is produced, the possibility exists to use this stream in oxy-firing of additional fuel.From this research, a novel concept for efficiently producing a carbon dioxide rich effluent from combustion of a fossil fuel was proposed. Carbon dioxide and oxygen are captured from the flue gas of a fossil-fuel combustor by one or more electrochemical cells or cell stacks. The separated stream is then transferred to an oxy-fired combustor which uses the gas stream for ancillary combustion, ultimately resulting in an effluent rich in carbon dioxide. A portion of the resulting flow produced by the oxy-fired combustor may be continuously recycled back into the oxy-fired combustor for temperature control and an optimal carbon dioxide rich effluent.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50738417,"asset_id":2135161,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":731281,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Pennline","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JamesPennline","display_name":"James Pennline","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JamesPennline?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":4594,"name":"Carbon Dioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Dioxide?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":11643,"name":"Carbon Sequestration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Sequestration?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":34388,"name":"Power Plant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Plant?f_ri=72"},{"id":72415,"name":"Power Generation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Generation?f_ri=72"},{"id":93298,"name":"Fossil Fuels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fossil_Fuels?f_ri=72"},{"id":93922,"name":"Nitric oxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitric_oxide?f_ri=72"},{"id":94845,"name":"Fuel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fuel?f_ri=72"},{"id":191117,"name":"High Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Temperature?f_ri=72"},{"id":194828,"name":"Nickel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nickel?f_ri=72"},{"id":477877,"name":"Carbon Dioxide Sequestration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Dioxide_Sequestration?f_ri=72"},{"id":505193,"name":"Temperature Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature_Control?f_ri=72"},{"id":616972,"name":"Low Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Low_Temperature?f_ri=72"},{"id":1327853,"name":"Sulfur Dioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sulfur_Dioxide?f_ri=72"},{"id":2430296,"name":"Proof of Concept","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proof_of_Concept?f_ri=72"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3770157" data-work_id="3770157" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3770157/Synthesis_of_Pt_dpk_Cl_4_and_the_Reversible_Hydration_to_Pt_dpk_O_OH_Cl_3_H_phenCl_X_ray_Spectroscopic_and_Electrochemical_Characterization">Synthesis of Pt(dpk)Cl 4 and the Reversible Hydration to Pt(dpk-O-OH)Cl 3 ·H-phenCl: X-ray, Spectroscopic, and Electrochemical Characterization</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3770157" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fc2be9dce9bda0908a4bb39f5f889451" rel="nofollow" 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});</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3770157").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3770157"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i> <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a> </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="530" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inorganic_Chemistry">Inorganic Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="530" type="text/json">{"id":530,"name":"Inorganic Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inorganic_Chemistry?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11648" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organometallic_Chemistry">Organometallic Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11648" type="text/json">{"id":11648,"name":"Organometallic Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organometallic_Chemistry?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20741" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inorganic">Inorganic</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="20741" type="text/json">{"id":20741,"name":"Inorganic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inorganic?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3770157]'), work: {"id":3770157,"title":"Synthesis of Pt(dpk)Cl 4 and the Reversible Hydration to Pt(dpk-O-OH)Cl 3 ·H-phenCl: X-ray, Spectroscopic, and Electrochemical Characterization","created_at":"2013-06-23T05:45:37.047-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3770157/Synthesis_of_Pt_dpk_Cl_4_and_the_Reversible_Hydration_to_Pt_dpk_O_OH_Cl_3_H_phenCl_X_ray_Spectroscopic_and_Electrochemical_Characterization?f_ri=72","dom_id":"work_3770157","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50139949,"asset_id":3770157,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4630745,"first_name":"Stephanie","last_name":"Garcia","domain_name":"uce-ec","page_name":"StephanieGarcia","display_name":"Stephanie Garcia","profile_url":"https://uce-ec.academia.edu/StephanieGarcia?f_ri=72","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4630745/1938332/2293506/s65_stephanie.garcia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":530,"name":"Inorganic Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inorganic_Chemistry?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":11648,"name":"Organometallic Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organometallic_Chemistry?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":20741,"name":"Inorganic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inorganic?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":56001,"name":"X Rays","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_Rays?f_ri=72"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3826881" data-work_id="3826881" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3826881/Influence_of_Dispersed_Phase_Content_and_Viscosity_on_the_Mixing_of_Concentrated_Oil_in_Water_Emulsions_in_the_Transition_Flow_Regime">Influence of Dispersed Phase Content and Viscosity on the Mixing of Concentrated Oil-in-Water Emulsions in the Transition Flow Regime</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The authors have evaluated the emulsification of oil of varying viscosities for concentrated o/w emulsions (>60%). Rushton type impellers and baffled mixing vessels were used. The emulsions were prepared in the transition regime (80 < Re... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3826881" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The authors have evaluated the emulsification of oil of varying viscosities for concentrated o/w emulsions (>60%). Rushton type impellers and baffled mixing vessels were used. The emulsions were prepared in the transition regime (80 < Re < 200). It was found that, when the oil content increases, it is the emulsion viscosity that controls droplet size, regardless of the dispersed phase viscosity and hydrodynamics. The authors have followed an experimental procedure that allows for the scale-up of the results.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3826881" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="96bc1f9408d00f2225a2a7d5e06fad7c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50123252,"asset_id":3826881,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50123252/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4709256" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MBrice%C3%B1o">Maria Briceño</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4709256" type="text/json">{"id":4709256,"first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Briceño","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MBriceño","display_name":"Maria Briceño","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MBrice%C3%B1o?f_ri=72","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4709256/1987742/2346941/s65_maria.brice_o.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3826881 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3826881"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3826881, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3826881", }); 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Rushton type impellers and baffled mixing vessels were used. The emulsions were prepared in the transition regime (80 \u003c Re \u003c 200). It was found that, when the oil content increases, it is the emulsion viscosity that controls droplet size, regardless of the dispersed phase viscosity and hydrodynamics. The authors have followed an experimental procedure that allows for the scale-up of the results.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50123252,"asset_id":3826881,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4709256,"first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Briceño","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MBriceño","display_name":"Maria Briceño","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MBrice%C3%B1o?f_ri=72","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4709256/1987742/2346941/s65_maria.brice_o.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical 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itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29665920/Fluorescence_monitoring_of_twin_screw_extrusion">Fluorescence monitoring of twin screw extrusion</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29665920" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a60cf2a5dd1dea36148ed7ede402fe50" rel="nofollow" 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window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_29665920"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_29665920 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29665920"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29665920; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29665920]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29665920").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29665920").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29665920"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i> <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a> </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="253171" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/polymer_science_and_Engineering">polymer science and Engineering</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="253171" type="text/json">{"id":253171,"name":"polymer science and Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/polymer_science_and_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29665920]'), work: {"id":29665920,"title":"Fluorescence monitoring of twin screw 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Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/polymer_science_and_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29570326" data-work_id="29570326" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29570326/Measuring_Flow_Velocity_in_Pulp_Suspension_Mixing_Using_Ultrasonic_Doppler_Velocimetry">Measuring Flow Velocity in Pulp Suspension Mixing Using Ultrasonic Doppler Velocimetry</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29570326" 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class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43121225" href="https://ubc.academia.edu/GDumont">Guy Dumont</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43121225" type="text/json">{"id":43121225,"first_name":"Guy","last_name":"Dumont","domain_name":"ubc","page_name":"GDumont","display_name":"Guy Dumont","profile_url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/GDumont?f_ri=72","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43121225/18519977/18485297/s65_guy.dumont.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29570326 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29570326"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29570326, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29570326", }); });</script></li><li 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var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29570326]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29570326").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29570326").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29570326"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i> <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a> </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="42811" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mixing">Mixing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="42811" type="text/json">{"id":42811,"name":"Mixing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mixing?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="168477" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_measurement">Flow measurement</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="168477" type="text/json">{"id":168477,"name":"Flow measurement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_measurement?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="215076" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluid_flow">Fluid flow</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="215076" type="text/json">{"id":215076,"name":"Fluid flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluid_flow?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29570326]'), work: {"id":29570326,"title":"Measuring Flow Velocity in Pulp Suspension Mixing Using Ultrasonic Doppler Velocimetry","created_at":"2016-10-31T10:44:58.408-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29570326/Measuring_Flow_Velocity_in_Pulp_Suspension_Mixing_Using_Ultrasonic_Doppler_Velocimetry?f_ri=72","dom_id":"work_29570326","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50010997,"asset_id":29570326,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43121225,"first_name":"Guy","last_name":"Dumont","domain_name":"ubc","page_name":"GDumont","display_name":"Guy Dumont","profile_url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/GDumont?f_ri=72","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43121225/18519977/18485297/s65_guy.dumont.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":42811,"name":"Mixing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mixing?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":168477,"name":"Flow measurement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_measurement?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":215076,"name":"Fluid flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluid_flow?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":259030,"name":"Chemical Engineering Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering_Design?f_ri=72"},{"id":601516,"name":"Flow Velocity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Velocity?f_ri=72"},{"id":789709,"name":"Yield stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yield_stress?f_ri=72"},{"id":875419,"name":"Velocity Profile","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Velocity_Profile?f_ri=72"},{"id":889999,"name":"Yield Strength","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yield_Strength?f_ri=72"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4554165" data-work_id="4554165" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4554165/Electrochemical_removal_of_sodium_ion_from_fermented_food_composts">Electrochemical removal of sodium ion from fermented food composts</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Fermented food composts, to be recycled into fertilizer and animal feed, require sodium chloride concentrations to be less than 1 wt% due to several toxicities. Electrochemical methods are used to remove sodium ions from fermented food... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4554165" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Fermented food composts, to be recycled into fertilizer and animal feed, require sodium chloride concentrations to be less than 1 wt% due to several toxicities. Electrochemical methods are used to remove sodium ions from fermented food composts. By washing the compost with tap water (with no electric current applied), 48% of the initial sodium ion is removed. With an electric current density of 3 mA/cm2 (the distance between the electrodes is 16 cm), the removal efficiency increases to 96% for a 36 h operation. Major factors influencing the efficiency are the treatment time and the electric current density. Removal efficiency increases with energy demand to yield 96% removal at 60 Kwh/m2. Due to the difference in relative ionic mobility, less than 9% of calcium is removed, during the same operation time, which supports the feasibility of this method.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4554165" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cd1e6243a4b149efd40df0d921079326" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49793904,"asset_id":4554165,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49793904/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5689000" href="https://chosun.academia.edu/HyunJaeShin">Hyun-Jae Shin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5689000" type="text/json">{"id":5689000,"first_name":"Hyun-Jae","last_name":"Shin","domain_name":"chosun","page_name":"HyunJaeShin","display_name":"Hyun-Jae Shin","profile_url":"https://chosun.academia.edu/HyunJaeShin?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4554165 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4554165"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4554165, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4554165", }); 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Due to the difference in relative ionic mobility, less than 9% of calcium is removed, during the same operation time, which supports the feasibility of this method.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49793904,"asset_id":4554165,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5689000,"first_name":"Hyun-Jae","last_name":"Shin","domain_name":"chosun","page_name":"HyunJaeShin","display_name":"Hyun-Jae Shin","profile_url":"https://chosun.academia.edu/HyunJaeShin?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":76333,"name":"Energy demand","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_demand?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":173959,"name":"Current 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They cover a rather broad spectrum of materials that exhibit exotic transport and magnetic properties. These include superconductors, narrow band gap... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4841753" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Novel electronic materials play an ever-increasing role in technological applications. They cover a rather broad spectrum of materials that exhibit exotic transport and magnetic properties. These include superconductors, narrow band gap semiconductors, electronically active polymers, colossal magneto resistive systems, nanoscale electronic materials, and Fullerenes, to name a few. Understanding the interplay between strong electronic correlations and structural properties of these materials is important. 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itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5177670/Microbial_products_biosurfactant_and_extracellular_chromate_reductase_of_marine_microorganism_are_the_potential_agents_reduce_the_oxidative_stress_induced_by_toxic_heavy_metals">Microbial products (biosurfactant and extracellular chromate reductase) of marine microorganism are the potential agents reduce the oxidative stress induced by toxic heavy metals</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5177670" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" 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Metal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_Metal?f_ri=72"},{"id":112338,"name":"Oxidoreductases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidoreductases?f_ri=72"},{"id":113903,"name":"Bacteria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bacteria?f_ri=72"},{"id":151778,"name":"Chromium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chromium?f_ri=72"},{"id":184467,"name":"Seawater","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seawater?f_ri=72"},{"id":231661,"name":"Enzyme","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enzyme?f_ri=72"},{"id":564340,"name":"Surface Active Agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_Active_Agents?f_ri=72"},{"id":614055,"name":"Hexavalent Chromium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hexavalent_Chromium?f_ri=72"},{"id":1031781,"name":"Bacillus Sp","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bacillus_Sp?f_ri=72"},{"id":1256747,"name":"Oxidation-Reduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidation-Reduction?f_ri=72"},{"id":1281442,"name":"Extracellular Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Extracellular_Space?f_ri=72"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5728085" data-work_id="5728085" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5728085/Crystal_structure_redox_properties_and_catalytic_performance_of_Ga_based_mixed_oxides_for_NO_reduction_by_C_3H_6">Crystal structure, redox properties and catalytic performance of Ga-based mixed oxides for NO reduction by C 3H 6</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5728085" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8f67bcbc1a31fd4eed600dbc2f6a6446" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49165302,"asset_id":5728085,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49165302/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50630" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystal_structure">Crystal structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="50630" type="text/json">{"id":50630,"name":"Crystal structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystal_structure?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5728085]'), work: {"id":5728085,"title":"Crystal structure, redox properties and catalytic performance of Ga-based mixed oxides for NO reduction by C 3H 6","created_at":"2014-01-15T11:38:28.199-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5728085/Crystal_structure_redox_properties_and_catalytic_performance_of_Ga_based_mixed_oxides_for_NO_reduction_by_C_3H_6?f_ri=72","dom_id":"work_5728085","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49165302,"asset_id":5728085,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8321276,"first_name":"Adrian","last_name":"Villanueva","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VillanuevaAdrian","display_name":"Adrian Villanueva","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VillanuevaAdrian?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":50630,"name":"Crystal structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystal_structure?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5875661" data-work_id="5875661" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5875661/Annona_squamosa_and_Catunaregam_nilotica_Seeds_the_Effect_of_the_Extraction_Method_on_the_Oil_Composition">Annona squamosa and Catunaregam nilotica Seeds, the Effect of the Extraction Method on the Oil Composition</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Annona squamosa and Catunaregam nilotica seeds and oils were characterized for their approximate analysis and physico-chemical properties. The oil and protein contents were 26.8, 17.5 and 40.0, 22.2%, in A. squamosa and C. nilotica seeds,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5875661" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Annona squamosa and Catunaregam nilotica seeds and oils were characterized for their approximate analysis and physico-chemical properties. The oil and protein contents were 26.8, 17.5 and 40.0, 22.2%, in A. squamosa and C. nilotica seeds, respectively. The oils were extracted using cold extraction (CE) and Soxhlet extraction (SE) methods. Fatty acids and tocopherols were determined by GC–MS and HPLC, respectively. Generally the physico-chemical properties and fatty acids were not significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected by the extraction methods. The major fatty acids of A. squamosa oil extracted by CE and SE were oleic 49.2 and 50.5%, linoleic 22.3 and 22.7%, palmitic 15.6 and 15.2%, and stearic 10.6 and 9.3%, respectively. While the major fatty acids in C. nilotica oil extracted by CE and SE were oleic 10.5, and 10.4%, linoleic 63.1 and 63.4%, palmitic 9.7 and 9.8% and stearic 5.1 and 5.4%, respectively. The tocopherol content of CE and SE extracted oils from A. squamosa amounted to 16.6 and 15.5 and from C. nilotica amounted to 110.5 and 107.7 mg/100 g oil, respectively, with delta-tocopherol as the predominant tocopherol in A. squamosa oil, and beta-tocopherol in C. nilotica oil. The total amount of amino acids was found to be 7.266 and 14.202 g/100 g protein, in seeds of A. squamosa and C. nilotica, respectively.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5875661" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="883fab6b9231a382fc24f23edb1b2758" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49101407,"asset_id":5875661,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49101407/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8677718" href="https://independent.academia.edu/YOUSIFAHMED4">YOUSIF AHMED</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8677718" type="text/json">{"id":8677718,"first_name":"YOUSIF","last_name":"AHMED","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"YOUSIFAHMED4","display_name":"YOUSIF AHMED","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/YOUSIFAHMED4?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5875661 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5875661"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5875661, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5875661", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5875661]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5875661").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5875661").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5875661"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i> <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a> </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="107083" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Method">Method</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="107083" type="text/json">{"id":107083,"name":"Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Method?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237339" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EXTRACTION">EXTRACTION</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237339" type="text/json">{"id":237339,"name":"EXTRACTION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EXTRACTION?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="486713" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatty_Acid">Fatty Acid</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="486713" type="text/json">{"id":486713,"name":"Fatty Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatty_Acid?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5875661]'), work: {"id":5875661,"title":"Annona squamosa and Catunaregam nilotica Seeds, the Effect of the Extraction Method on the Oil Composition","created_at":"2014-01-28T17:27:16.235-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5875661/Annona_squamosa_and_Catunaregam_nilotica_Seeds_the_Effect_of_the_Extraction_Method_on_the_Oil_Composition?f_ri=72","dom_id":"work_5875661","summary":"Annona squamosa and Catunaregam nilotica seeds and oils were characterized for their approximate analysis and physico-chemical properties. The oil and protein contents were 26.8, 17.5 and 40.0, 22.2%, in A. squamosa and C. nilotica seeds, respectively. The oils were extracted using cold extraction (CE) and Soxhlet extraction (SE) methods. Fatty acids and tocopherols were determined by GC–MS and HPLC, respectively. Generally the physico-chemical properties and fatty acids were not significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected by the extraction methods. The major fatty acids of A. squamosa oil extracted by CE and SE were oleic 49.2 and 50.5%, linoleic 22.3 and 22.7%, palmitic 15.6 and 15.2%, and stearic 10.6 and 9.3%, respectively. While the major fatty acids in C. nilotica oil extracted by CE and SE were oleic 10.5, and 10.4%, linoleic 63.1 and 63.4%, palmitic 9.7 and 9.8% and stearic 5.1 and 5.4%, respectively. The tocopherol content of CE and SE extracted oils from A. squamosa amounted to 16.6 and 15.5 and from C. nilotica amounted to 110.5 and 107.7 mg/100 g oil, respectively, with delta-tocopherol as the predominant tocopherol in A. squamosa oil, and beta-tocopherol in C. nilotica oil. The total amount of amino acids was found to be 7.266 and 14.202 g/100 g protein, in seeds of A. squamosa and C. nilotica, respectively.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49101407,"asset_id":5875661,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8677718,"first_name":"YOUSIF","last_name":"AHMED","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"YOUSIFAHMED4","display_name":"YOUSIF AHMED","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/YOUSIFAHMED4?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":107083,"name":"Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Method?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":237339,"name":"EXTRACTION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EXTRACTION?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":486713,"name":"Fatty Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatty_Acid?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":585573,"name":"Amino Acid Profile","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amino_Acid_Profile?f_ri=72"},{"id":683707,"name":"Extraction Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Extraction_Method?f_ri=72"},{"id":780543,"name":"G protein","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/G_protein?f_ri=72"},{"id":974408,"name":"Physico chemical Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physico_chemical_Properties?f_ri=72"},{"id":1232421,"name":"Physicochemical Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physicochemical_Properties?f_ri=72"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6189498" data-work_id="6189498" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6189498/Liquid_holdup_in_columns_packed_with_structured_packings_Countercurrent_vs_cocurrent_operation">Liquid holdup in columns packed with structured packings: Countercurrent vs. cocurrent operation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6189498" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d6a65f14919ec1d39f2aadc3335b5efd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48977126,"asset_id":6189498,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48977126/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9447005" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MiryanCassanello">Miryan Cassanello</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9447005" type="text/json">{"id":9447005,"first_name":"Miryan","last_name":"Cassanello","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MiryanCassanello","display_name":"Miryan Cassanello","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MiryanCassanello?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6189498 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6189498"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6189498, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6189498", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6189498]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6189498").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6189498").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6189498"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i> <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a> </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="215075" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Study">Experimental Study</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="215075" type="text/json">{"id":215075,"name":"Experimental Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Study?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="595175" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering_Science">Chemical Engineering Science</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="595175" type="text/json">{"id":595175,"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering_Science?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6189498]'), work: {"id":6189498,"title":"Liquid holdup in columns packed with structured packings: Countercurrent vs. cocurrent operation","created_at":"2014-02-24T03:57:27.329-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6189498/Liquid_holdup_in_columns_packed_with_structured_packings_Countercurrent_vs_cocurrent_operation?f_ri=72","dom_id":"work_6189498","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48977126,"asset_id":6189498,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9447005,"first_name":"Miryan","last_name":"Cassanello","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MiryanCassanello","display_name":"Miryan Cassanello","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MiryanCassanello?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":215075,"name":"Experimental Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Study?f_ri=72","nofollow":false},{"id":595175,"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering_Science?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6222941" data-work_id="6222941" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6222941/Energetic_and_exergetic_analysis_of_a_domestic_water_tank_with_phase_change_material">Energetic and exergetic analysis of a domestic water tank with phase change material</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Although water is a cheap and effective medium for thermal energy storage, other options are currently being studied, to increase the storage density or to reduce the cost of the storage. The authors have been developing a system which... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6222941" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Although water is a cheap and effective medium for thermal energy storage, other options are currently being studied, to increase the storage density or to reduce the cost of the storage. The authors have been developing a system which combines the advantages of stratified sensible heat storage and latent, phase change heat storage; i.e. a hot water storage tank with stratification where a phase change material (PCM) is included into a spiral tube installed in the top of the tank. The PCM used was a granular PCM–graphite compound of about 90 vol.% of sodium acetate trihydrate and 10 vol.% graphite. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of the performance of the new storage concept, and of a conventional hot water storage tank for comparison. The data are further analysed with respect to the energetic and exergetic performance of the two systems. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6222941" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dd45bf61ce406b1acef271fd498600ae" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48959707,"asset_id":6222941,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48959707/download_file?st=MTczMjY5Nzc5Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9546641" href="https://udl.academia.edu/MarcMedrano">Marc Medrano</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9546641" type="text/json">{"id":9546641,"first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Medrano","domain_name":"udl","page_name":"MarcMedrano","display_name":"Marc Medrano","profile_url":"https://udl.academia.edu/MarcMedrano?f_ri=72","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6222941 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6222941"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6222941, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6222941", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6222941]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6222941").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6222941").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6222941"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i> <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a> </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5412" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy">Energy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5412" type="text/json">{"id":5412,"name":"Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="103356" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exergy">Exergy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="103356" type="text/json">{"id":103356,"name":"Exergy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exergy?f_ri=72","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6222941]'), work: {"id":6222941,"title":"Energetic and exergetic analysis of a domestic water tank with phase change material","created_at":"2014-02-27T00:07:16.312-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6222941/Energetic_and_exergetic_analysis_of_a_domestic_water_tank_with_phase_change_material?f_ri=72","dom_id":"work_6222941","summary":"Although water is a cheap and effective medium for thermal energy storage, other options are currently being studied, to increase the storage density or to reduce the cost of the storage. The authors have been developing a system which combines the advantages of stratified sensible heat storage and latent, phase change heat storage; i.e. a hot water storage tank with stratification where a phase change material (PCM) is included into a spiral tube installed in the top of the tank. The PCM used was a granular PCM–graphite compound of about 90 vol.% of sodium acetate trihydrate and 10 vol.% graphite. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of the performance of the new storage concept, and of a conventional hot water storage tank for comparison. The data are further analysed with respect to the energetic and exergetic performance of the two systems. 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Material","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_Change_Material?f_ri=72"},{"id":219927,"name":"Efficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Efficiency?f_ri=72"},{"id":281300,"name":"Thermal Energy Storage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Energy_Storage?f_ri=72"},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=72"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"><li class="first prev"><a href="/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?page=first">« First</a></li><li class="prev"><a href="/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?before=950%2C54670155" rel="prev">Previous</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><div class="u-pl6x"><div style="width: 300px;"><div class="panel panel-flat u-mt7x"><div class="panel-heading u-p5x"><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-taCenter u-fw700 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