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id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Noun" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noun"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Noun</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noun-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Andalusian_Arabic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Andalusian_Arabic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Andalusian Arabic</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Andalusian_Arabic-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Andalusian Arabic subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Andalusian_Arabic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Noun_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noun_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Noun</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noun_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arabic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arabic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Arabic</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Arabic-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Arabic subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Arabic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronunciation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronoun" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronoun"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Pronoun</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronoun-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Particle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Particle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Particle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Particle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conjunction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conjunction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Conjunction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conjunction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adverb" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adverb"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Adverb</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adverb-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Egyptian_Arabic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Egyptian_Arabic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Egyptian Arabic</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Egyptian_Arabic-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Egyptian Arabic subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Egyptian_Arabic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Particle_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Particle_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Particle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Particle_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Particle_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Particle_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Particle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Particle_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronoun_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronoun_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Pronoun</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronoun_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.1</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hassaniya_Arabic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hassaniya_Arabic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Hassaniya Arabic</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Hassaniya_Arabic-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Hassaniya Arabic subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Hassaniya_Arabic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Noun_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noun_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Noun</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noun_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moroccan_Arabic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moroccan_Arabic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Moroccan Arabic</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Moroccan_Arabic-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Moroccan Arabic subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Moroccan_Arabic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_1" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_1"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Etymology 1</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_1-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Noun_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noun_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.2</span> <span>Noun</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noun_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_2_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_2_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Etymology 2</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_2_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.1</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Particle_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Particle_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.2</span> <span>Particle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Particle_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_3_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_3_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Etymology 3</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_3_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3.1</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronoun_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronoun_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3.2</span> <span>Pronoun</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronoun_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mozarabic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mozarabic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Mozarabic</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mozarabic-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Mozarabic subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mozarabic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Determiner" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Determiner"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Determiner</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Determiner-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Persian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Persian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Persian</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Persian-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Persian subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Persian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_1_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_1_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Etymology 1</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_1_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.1</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronoun_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronoun_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.2</span> <span>Pronoun</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronoun_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-See_also_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.2.1</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_2_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_2_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Etymology 2</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_2_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Interjection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interjection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2.1</span> <span>Interjection</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interjection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_3_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_3_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Etymology 3</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_3_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Noun_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noun_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3.1</span> <span>Noun</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noun_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Levantine_Arabic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Levantine_Arabic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>South Levantine Arabic</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-South_Levantine_Arabic-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle South Levantine Arabic subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-South_Levantine_Arabic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_1_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_1_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Etymology 1</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_1_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Particle_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Particle_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2.1</span> <span>Particle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Particle_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2.1.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2.1.2</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_2_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_2_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Etymology 2</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_2_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Particle_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Particle_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3.1</span> <span>Particle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Particle_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3.1.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ushojo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ushojo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Ushojo</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ushojo-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Ushojo subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ushojo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronoun_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronoun_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Pronoun</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronoun_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="Arab">ما</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 26 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ما – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wiktionary, the free dictionary</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Algerian_Arabic">Algerian Arabic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Algerian Arabic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic" class="extiw" title="w:Arabic">Arabic</a></span> <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1#Arabic" title="ماء">مَاء</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">māʔ</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">water</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noun">Noun</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Noun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab headword" lang="arq">ما</strong> (<span lang="arq-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">mā</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/water" title="water">water</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Andalusian_Arabic">Andalusian Arabic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Andalusian Arabic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic" class="extiw" title="w:Arabic">Arabic</a></span> <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1#Arabic" title="ماء">مَاء</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">māʔ</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">water</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noun_2">Noun</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Noun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab headword" lang="xaa">ما</strong> (<span lang="xaa-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">mā</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/water" title="water">water</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arabic">Arabic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Arabic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_3">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cognate with <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrew_language" class="extiw" title="w:Hebrew language">Hebrew</a></span> <i class="Hebr mention" lang="he"><a href="/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%94#Hebrew" title="מה">מָה</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="he-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">ma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> and <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugaritic" class="extiw" title="w:Ugaritic">Ugaritic</a></span> <i class="Ugar mention" lang="uga"><a href="/wiki/%F0%90%8E%8E%F0%90%8E%85#Ugaritic" title="𐎎𐎅">𐎎𐎅</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="uga-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">mh</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_phonology" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Arabic phonology">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/maː/</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronoun">Pronoun</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Pronoun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab headword" lang="ar">مَا</strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Arabic_transliteration" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:Arabic transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="ar-Latn" class="headword-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">mā</span>) <span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></span></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">interrogative</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/what" title="what">what</a>? <dl><dd><span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonyms:</span> <span class="Arab" lang="ar"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A3%D9%8A_%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="أي شيء (page does not exist)">أَيّ شَيْءٍ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="tr Latn">ʔayy šayʔin</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="Arab" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%8A%D8%B4#Arabic" title="أيش">أَيْشٍ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="tr Latn">ʔayšin</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="Arab" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%A7#Arabic" title="ماذا">مَاذَا</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="tr Latn">māḏā</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li> <li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="/wiki/indefinite" title="indefinite">indefinite</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/some" title="some">some</a>, a <a href="/wiki/certain" title="certain">certain</a> <ul><li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><b>609–632 <small class="ce-date"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#CE" title="Appendix:Glossary"><span title="Glossary and display preference">CE</span></a></small></b>, <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qur%27an" class="extiw" title="w:Qur'an">Qur'an</a></cite>, <span class="None" lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/2/26">2:26</a></span>:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Arab e-quotation cited-passage" lang="ar">إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَسْتَحْيِي أَنْ يَضْرِبَ مَثَلًا <b>مَا</b> بَعُوضَةً فَمَا فَوْقَهَا</span><dl><dd><i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">ʔinna l-laha lā yastaḥyī ʔan yaḍriba maṯalan <b>mā</b> baʕūḍatan famā fawqahā</i></dd><dd><span class="e-translation">Indeed, God is not timid to present an example: <b>that of</b> a mosquito or what is smaller than it.</span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li> <li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">relative</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/that" title="that">that</a> <a href="/wiki/which" title="which">which</a>, <a href="/wiki/what" title="what">what</a> <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ar">اِقْرَأْ <b>مَا</b> كَتَبْتُ.</i> ― <i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">iqraʔ <b>mā</b> katabtu.</i> ― <span class="e-translation">Read <b>what</b> I wrote.</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ar"><b>مَا</b> تَفْعَلُ تُجَازَى عَلَيْهِ</i> ― <i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>mā</b> tafʕalu tujāzā ʕalayhi</i> ― <span class="e-translation"><b>Whatever</b> you do, you are paid back for it.</span></span></dd></dl> <ul><li><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Arab e-quotation" lang="ar">سَتُبْدِي لَكَ الْأَيَّامُ مَا كُنْتَ جَاهِلًا</span><dl><dd><i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">satubdī laka l-ʔayyāmu mā kunta jāhilan</i></dd><dd><small>(please <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Quotations#Adding_translations_to_quotations" title="Wiktionary:Quotations">add an English translation</a> of this quotation)</small></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Arab e-quotation" lang="ar">وَلَعَلَّ <b>مَا تَخْشَاهُ</b> لَيْسَ بِكَائِن <br /> وَلَعَلَّ <b>مَا تَرْجُوهُ</b> سَوْفَ يَكُون <br /> وَلَعَلَّ <b>مَا هَوَّنْتَ</b> لَيْسَ بِهَيِّن <br /> وَلَعَلَّ <b>مَا شَدَّدْتَ</b> سَوْفَ يَهُون</span><dl><dd><i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">wa-laʕalla <b>mā taḵšāhu</b> laysa bikāʔin <br /> wa-laʕalla <b>mā tarjūhu</b> sawfa yakūn <br /> wa-laʕalla <b>mā hawwanta</b> laysa bihayyin <br /> wa-laʕalla <b>mā šaddadta</b> sawfa yahūn</i></dd><dd><span class="e-translation">And maybe <b>what you’re afraid of</b> isn't existent<br />And maybe <b>what you desire</b> is going to be<br />And maybe <b>what you deem easy</b> isn’t convenient<br />And maybe <b>what you find difficult</b> will be of ease</span></dd><dd>(literally, “<span class="e-literally">what you fear <b>it</b> / what you desire <b>it</b> / what you find easy / what you find difficult</span>”)</dd></dl></div></li></ul></li> <li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">+ past or jussive</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/whichever" title="whichever">whichever</a>; <a href="/wiki/whatever" title="whatever">whatever</a> <dl><dd><span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonyms:</span> <span class="Arab" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7#Arabic" title="أيما">أَيَّمَا</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="tr Latn">ʔayyamā</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="Arab" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7#Arabic" title="مهما">مَهْمَا</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="tr Latn">mahmā</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ar"><b>مَا</b> تَفْعَلْ تُجَازَ عَلَيْهِ</i><dl><dd><i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>mā</b> tafʕal tujāza ʕalayhi</i></dd><dd><span class="e-translation"><b>Whatever</b> you do, you will be paid back for it.</span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl> <ul><li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><b>609–632 <small class="ce-date"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#CE" title="Appendix:Glossary"><span title="Glossary and display preference">CE</span></a></small></b>, <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qur%27an" class="extiw" title="w:Qur'an">Qur'an</a></cite>, <span class="None" lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/2/106">2:106</a></span>:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Arab e-quotation cited-passage" lang="ar"><b>مَا</b> نَنْسَخْ مِنْ آيَةٍ أَوْ نُنْسِهَا نَأْتِ بِخَيْرٍ مِنْهَا أَوْ مِثْلِهَا</span><dl><dd><i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>mā</b> nansaḵ min ʔāyatin ʔaw nunsihā naʔti biḵayrin minhā ʔaw miṯlihā</i></dd><dd><span class="e-translation"><b>Whatever</b> we abrogate that is a passage or make people forget, we come up with others that are better than or just like it.</span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><b>609–632 <small class="ce-date"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#CE" title="Appendix:Glossary"><span title="Glossary and display preference">CE</span></a></small></b>, <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qur%27an" class="extiw" title="w:Qur'an">Qur'an</a></cite>, <span class="None" lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/2/197">2:197</a></span>:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Arab e-quotation cited-passage" lang="ar">وَ<b>مَا</b> تَفْعَلُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ يَعْلَمْهُ اللَّٰهُ</span><dl><dd><i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">wa<b>mā</b> tafʕalū min ḵayrin yaʕlamhu llāhu</i></dd><dd><span class="e-translation"><b>Whatever</b> you do that is good, God learns about it.</span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Arab" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%85%D8%A7#Arabic" title="ربما">رُبَّمَا</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="tr Latn">rubbamā</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="Arab" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%85%D8%A7#Arabic" title="ربما">رُبَمَا</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="tr Latn">rubamā</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>: perhaps, maybe</li> <li><span class="Arab" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7#Arabic" title="لما">لِمَا</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="tr Latn">limā</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="Arab" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D9%85#Arabic" title="لم">لِمَ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="tr Latn">lima</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>: for what, what for, why</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Particle">Particle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Particle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="interproject-box sister-wikipedia sister-project noprint floatright"><div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/44px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/66px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/88px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><div style="margin-left: 60px;">English <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> has an article on:<div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negation_in_Arabic" class="extiw" title="w:Negation in Arabic">Negation in Arabic</a></b></div></div><span class="interProject"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negation_in_Arabic" class="extiw" title="w:Negation in Arabic">Wikipedia </a></span></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r81571951">.mw-parser-output .interproject-box{font-size:90%;width:250px;padding:4px;text-align:left;background:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue,#f9f9f9);border:var(--border-color-base,#aaa)1px solid}@media screen and (max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .interproject-box{box-sizing:border-box;line-height:1.5;width:100%;max-width:100%}}</style> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab headword" lang="ar">مَا</strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Arabic_transliteration" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:Arabic transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="ar-Latn" class="headword-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">mā</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/not" title="not">not</a>; <a href="/wiki/never" title="never">never</a> <dl><dd><span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonym:</span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">archaic</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <span class="Arab" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%86#Arabic" title="إن">إِنْ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="tr Latn">ʔin</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><div class="disambig-see-also"><i>See also:</i> <b class="Arab"><a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7" title="لا">لَا</a></b>, <b class="Arab"><a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D9%85" title="لم">لَمْ</a></b>, <b class="Arab"><a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D9%86" title="لن">لَنْ</a></b><span class="serial-comma">,</span><span class="serial-and"> <i>and</i></span> <b class="Arab"><a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="ليس">لَيْسَ</a></b></div></dd></dl> <ul><li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><i><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#a." title="Appendix:Glossary"><abbr title="ante">a.</abbr></a></i> <span class="None" lang="und"><b>1374</b></span>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Ibn_al-Khatib" class="extiw" title="w:en:Ibn al-Khatib">Ibn al-Khatib</a>, <cite>Zaman Al-Wasl</cite>:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Arab e-quotation cited-passage" lang="ar">وَطَرٌ <b>مَا</b> فِيهِ مِنْ عَيْبٍ سِوَى – أَنَّهُ مَرَّ كَلَمْحِ ٱلْبَصَرِ</span><dl><dd><i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">waṭarun <b>mā</b> fīhi min ʕaybin siwā – ʔannahu marra kalamḥi l-baṣari</i></dd><dd><span class="e-translation">The wish that is <b>without</b> a mistake except that it passed like a glance of the eye.</span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></div></li></ul> <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ar"><b>مَا</b> كَتَبَ.</i> ― <i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>mā</b> kataba.</i> ― <span class="e-translation">He <b>never</b> wrote.</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ar"><b>مَا</b> هُوَ بِمَيِّتٍ.</i> ― <i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>mā</b> huwa bimayyitin.</i> ― <span class="e-translation">He <b>is not</b> dead.</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ar"><b>مَا</b> شَيْءٌ أَحَبَّ إِلِيَّ مِنْهُ.</i> ― <i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>mā</b> šayʔun ʔaḥabba ʔiliyya minhu.</i> ― <span class="e-translation">There is <b>no</b> thing that is more lovely, to me, than that!</span></span></dd> <dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ar">هُمَا <b>مَحَلَّانِ</b> مَا لِلنَّاسِ غَيْرُهُمَـا فَانـْظُرْ لِنَفْسِك مَاذَا أَنْتَ مُخْتَارُ</i><dl><dd><span class="e-translation">They are <b>two places</b>, people have none other than them * So look for yourself, which one will you choose?</span></dd></dl></div></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ar"><b>مَا</b> أَحَدٌ مِثْلُهُ.</i> ― <i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>mā</b> ʔaḥadun miṯluhu.</i> ― <span class="e-translation">There is <b>n</b>one like him.</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ar"><b>مَا</b> مِنْ إِنْسَانٍ فِي الْبَيْتِ.</i> ― <i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>mā</b> min ʔinsānin fī l-bayti.</i> ― <span class="e-translation">There is <b>no</b>body in that house.</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ar">مَا أَرَى شَيْئًا.</i> ― <i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">mā ʔarā šayʔan.</i> ― <span class="e-translation">I can<b>not</b> see a thing!</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ar"><b>مَا</b> يَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ إِلَّا شُجَاعٌ.</i> ― <i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>mā</b> yafʕalu ḏālika ʔillā šujāʕun.</i> ― <span class="e-translation"><b>No</b> one would do that but the bold.</span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conjunction">Conjunction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Conjunction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab headword" lang="ar">مَا</strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Arabic_transliteration" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:Arabic transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="ar-Latn" class="headword-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">mā</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/as_long_as" title="as long as">as long as</a> <ul><li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><b>609–632 <small class="ce-date"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#CE" title="Appendix:Glossary"><span title="Glossary and display preference">CE</span></a></small></b>, <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qur%27an" class="extiw" title="w:Qur'an">Qur'an</a></cite>, <span class="None" lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/9/7">9:7</a></span>:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Arab e-quotation cited-passage" lang="ar">فَ<b>مَا</b> ٱسْتَقَامُوا لَكُمْ فَٱسْتَقِيمُوا لَهُمْ</span><dl><dd><i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">fa-<b>mā</b> staqāmū lakum fa-staqīmū lahum</i></dd><dd><span class="e-translation">So <b>as long as</b> they are straight with you, be straight with them.</span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li> <li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">A subordinating conjunction following particles or genitival nouns in conditional statements, known as <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AF%D8%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ما الزائدة (page does not exist)">مَا الزَّائِدَة</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">mā z-zāʔida</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, 'superfluous <i>mā'</i></span></span> <ul><li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><b>609–632 <small class="ce-date"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#CE" title="Appendix:Glossary"><span title="Glossary and display preference">CE</span></a></small></b>, <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qur%27an" class="extiw" title="w:Qur'an">Qur'an</a></cite>, <span class="None" lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/2/282">2:282</a></span>:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Arab e-quotation cited-passage" lang="ar"><span class="q-hellip-sp"></span><span class="q-hellip-b">[</span>…<span class="q-hellip-b">]</span><span class="q-hellip-b"> </span> وَلَا يَأْبَ ٱلشُّهَدَاءُ <b>إِذَا مَا</b> دُعُوا <span class="q-hellip-sp"> </span><span class="q-hellip-b">[</span>…<span class="q-hellip-b">]</span><span class="q-hellip-b"></span></span><dl><dd><i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><span class="q-hellip-sp"></span><span class="q-hellip-b">[</span>…<span class="q-hellip-b">]</span><span class="q-hellip-b"> </span> walā yaʔba š-šuhadāʔu <b>ʔiḏā mā</b> duʕū <span class="q-hellip-sp"> </span><span class="q-hellip-b">[</span>…<span class="q-hellip-b">]</span><span class="q-hellip-b"></span></i></dd><dd><span class="e-translation"><span class="q-hellip-sp"> </span><span class="q-hellip-b">[</span>…<span class="q-hellip-b">]</span><span class="q-hellip-b"> </span> And let not the witnesses refuse when they are called upon. <span class="q-hellip-sp"> </span><span class="q-hellip-b">[</span>…<span class="q-hellip-b">]</span><span class="q-hellip-b"> </span></span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li> <li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">loosely translates to <a href="/wiki/that#English" title="that">that</a>; introduces a verbal complement to a preposition, standing in place of the definite verbal noun</span></span> <dl><dd><span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonym:</span> <span class="Arab" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86#Arabic" title="أن">أَنْ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="tr Latn">ʔan</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl> <ul><li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><b>609–632 <small class="ce-date"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#CE" title="Appendix:Glossary"><span title="Glossary and display preference">CE</span></a></small></b>, <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qur%27an" class="extiw" title="w:Qur'an">Qur'an</a></cite>, <span class="None" lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/2/10">2:10</a></span>:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Arab e-quotation cited-passage" lang="ar">وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ بِ<b>مَا</b> كَانُوا يَكْذِبُونَ</span><dl><dd><i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">wa-lahum ʕaḏābun ʔalīmun bi-<b>mā</b> kānū yakḏibūna</i></dd><dd><span class="e-translation">And they will suffer a painful punishment, <b>as</b> they used to lie.</span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><span class="None" lang="und"><b>2017</b></span>, 0:35 from the start, in <cite><span class="Arab" lang="ar">أَتَظُنُّ أَنَّكَ عِنْدَمَا أَحْرَقْتَنِي</span></cite> [<i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">ʔataẓunnu ʔannaka ʕindamā ʔaḥraqtanī</i>]‎<sup><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_tS3CitSQO4">[1]</a></sup>, <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar">مُهَذِّل الصُّقُور</i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">muhaḏḏil aṣ-ṣuqūr</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> (actor):</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Arab e-quotation cited-passage" lang="ar">أَتَظُنُّ أَنَّكَ بَعْدَ <b>مَا</b> أَحْرَقْتَنِي وَرَقَصْتَ كَٱلشَيْطَانِ فَوْقَ رُفَاتِي</span><dl><dd><i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">ʔataẓunnu ʔannaka baʕda <b>mā</b> ʔaḥraqtanī wa-raqaṣta ka-š-šayṭāni fawqa rufātī</i></dd><dd><span class="e-translation">Do you think that, after you set me alight, and you danced like Satan over my ashes</span></dd><dd>(literally, “<span class="e-literally">do you think that, you, after <b>[that]</b> you burned me and danced like Satan over my ashes</span>”)</dd></dl></div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_2">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">as long as</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon sense-qualifier-colon">:</span> <span class="Arab" lang="ar"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ما دام (page does not exist)">مَا دَامَ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="tr Latn">mā dāma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li><span class="Arab" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7#Arabic" title="بعدما">بَعْدَمَا</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="tr Latn">baʕdamā</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li><span class="Arab" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7#Arabic" title="عندما">عِنْدَمَا</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="tr Latn">ʕindamā</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li><span class="Arab" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7#Arabic" title="حينما">حِينَمَا</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="tr Latn">ḥīnamā</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li><span class="Arab" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A7#Arabic" title="كما">كَمَا</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="tr Latn">kamā</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adverb">Adverb</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Adverb"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab headword" lang="ar">مَا</strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Arabic_transliteration" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:Arabic transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="ar-Latn" class="headword-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">mā</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/whenever" title="whenever">whenever</a> <dl><dd><span class="maintenance-line">(Can we add an <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Example_sentences" title="Wiktionary:Example sentences">example</a> for this sense?)</span></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/as_far_as" title="as far as">as far as</a>, to the <a href="/wiki/extent" title="extent">extent</a> that, to the <a href="/wiki/degree" title="degree">degree</a> that <dl><dd><span class="maintenance-line">(Can we add an <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Example_sentences" title="Wiktionary:Example sentences">example</a> for this sense?)</span></dd></dl></li> <li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">with an <a href="/wiki/elative" title="elative">elative</a> in the accusative</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> (<a href="/wiki/oh" title="oh">oh</a>) <a href="/wiki/how" title="how">how</a>...! <dl><dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ar">مَا أَجْمَلَ ٱلْحَيَاةَ!</i><dl><dd><i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">mā ʔajmala l-ḥayāta!</i></dd><dd><span class="e-translation"><b>How</b> beautiful life is!</span></dd></dl></div></dd> <dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ar">مَا أَلَذَّ ٱلطَّعَامَ!</i><dl><dd><i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">mā ʔalaḏḏa ṭ-ṭaʕāma!</i></dd><dd><span class="e-translation"><b>How</b> delicious the food is!</span></dd></dl></div></dd> <dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ar">مَا أَعْظَمَكَ!</i><dl><dd><i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">mā ʔaʕẓamaka!</i></dd><dd><span class="e-translation"><b>How</b> great you are!</span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Usage_notes">Usage notes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">not</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon sense-qualifier-colon">:</span> If the negated sentence has a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/subject_complement" class="extiw" title="w:subject complement">subject complement</a>, the subject complement may occur in the <b>nominative</b> (like the subject), the <b>accusative</b> (as it would in a sentence negated instead with <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3#Arabic" title="ليس">لَيْسَ</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">laysa</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>), or (with <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8#Arabic" title="ب">بِ</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">bi</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>) <b>the genitive</b> (as it would in a sentence negated instead with <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3#Arabic" title="ليس">لَيْسَ</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">laysa</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>).</li> <li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">oh how</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon sense-qualifier-colon">:</span> The above accusative construction is called <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AC%D8%A8#Arabic" title="تعجب">تَعَجُّب</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">taʕajjub</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">wonderment; exclamation</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> in Arabic. This pattern originated from <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar"><strong class="selflink">مَا</strong></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">mā</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> meaning “what, something” and the accusative comparative being homophonic to a transitive verb meaning “to make...”. So the example sentence “مَا أَجْمَلَ ٱلْحَيَاةَ” “How beautiful life is!” has the origins in the meaning “Something / What made the life so beautiful?” <ul><li>There is another rarer pattern for exclamations, which uses the imperative form of the verb: <span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ar">أَجْمِلْ بِهَا مِنْ حَيَاةٍ!</i> ― <i lang="ar-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">ʔajmil bihā min ḥayātin!</i></span></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Egyptian_Arabic">Egyptian Arabic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Egyptian Arabic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_4">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic" class="extiw" title="w:Arabic">Arabic</a></span> <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Arabic">مَا</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">mā</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Particle_2">Particle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Particle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab headword" lang="arz">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Egyptian_Arabic_transliteration" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:Egyptian Arabic transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="arz-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">ma</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/that" title="that">that</a> <dl><dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="arz">بعد <b>ما</b> السباق ابتدى / بعد السباق <b>ما</b> ابتدى</i><dl><dd><i lang="arz-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">baʕdi <b>ma</b> s-sibāʔ ibtadā / baʕdi s-sibāʔ <b>ma</b> ibtadā</i></dd><dd><span class="e-translation">After the race began.</span></dd></dl></div></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="arz">لحد <b>ما</b></i> ― <i lang="arz-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">li-ḥadd <b>ma</b></i> ― <span class="e-translation">until</span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Particle_3">Particle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Particle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab headword" lang="arz">ما</strong> <i>or</i> <strong class="Arab headword" lang="arz">م</strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Egyptian_Arabic_transliteration" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:Egyptian Arabic transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="arz-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">ma-</span> <i>or</i> <span lang="arz-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">ma-</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li>particle expressing emphasis <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="arz"><b>ما</b>تقعد</i> ― <i lang="arz-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>ma-</b>tuʔʕud</i> ― <span class="e-translation"><b>Come on</b>, sit down!</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="arz"><b>ما</b>ه هو قال كده</i> ― <i lang="arz-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>ma-</b>hu huwwa ʔāl kida</i> ― <span class="e-translation">But that's really what he said.</span></span></dd></dl></li> <li>used with suffix <span class="Arab" lang="arz"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4#Egyptian_Arabic" title="ش">ـش</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="arz-Latn" class="tr Latn">-š</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> to express negation <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="arz"><b>ما</b>تقعد<b>ش</b></i> ― <i lang="arz-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>ma-</b>tuʔʕud-š</i> ― <span class="e-translation"><b>Don't</b> sit down!</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="arz"><b>م</b>في<b>ش</b></i> ― <i lang="arz-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>ma-</b>fīš</i> ― <span class="e-translation">There's <b>no</b></span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronoun_2">Pronoun</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Pronoun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab headword" lang="arz">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Egyptian_Arabic_transliteration" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:Egyptian Arabic transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="arz-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">ma</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/what" title="what">what</a>? <dl><dd><span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonym:</span> <span class="Arab" lang="arz"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%87#Egyptian_Arabic" title="إيه">إيه</a></span></span></dd></dl></li> <li>certain <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="arz">في مكان <b>ما</b></i> ― <i lang="arz-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">fī makān ma</i> ― <span class="e-translation">somewhere</span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="See_also">See also</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Arab" lang="arz"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D8%A7#Egyptian_Arabic" title="مما">مما</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="arz-Latn" class="tr Latn">mimma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li><span class="Arab" lang="arz"><a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7#Egyptian_Arabic" title="لما">لما</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="arz-Latn" class="tr Latn">lamma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li><span class="Arab" lang="arz"><a href="/wiki/%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7#Egyptian_Arabic" title="ياما">ياما</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="arz-Latn" class="tr Latn">yama</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hassaniya_Arabic">Hassaniya Arabic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Hassaniya Arabic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_5">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic" class="extiw" title="w:Arabic">Arabic</a></span> <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1#Arabic" title="ماء">مَاء</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">māʔ</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">water</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noun_3">Noun</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Noun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab headword" lang="mey">ما</strong> (<span lang="mey-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">mā</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/water" title="water">water</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Moroccan_Arabic">Moroccan Arabic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Moroccan Arabic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_1">Etymology 1</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Etymology 1"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic" class="extiw" title="w:Arabic">Arabic</a></span> <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1#Arabic" title="ماء">مَاء</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">māʔ</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pronunciation_2">Pronunciation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moroccan_Arabic_phonology" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Moroccan Arabic phonology">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/maː/</span></li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r50165410">.mw-parser-output .k-player .k-attribution{visibility:hidden}</style><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio<span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="LL-Q56426_(ary)-Fenakhay-ما.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/LL-Q56426_%28ary%29-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav/LL-Q56426_%28ary%29-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/LL-Q56426_%28ary%29-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav/LL-Q56426_%28ary%29-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/LL-Q56426_%28ary%29-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q56426_(ary)-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav" title="File:LL-Q56426 (ary)-Fenakhay-ما.wav">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Noun_4">Noun</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Noun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab headword" lang="ary">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Moroccan_Arabic_transliteration" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:Moroccan Arabic transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="ary-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">mā</span>) <span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></span> (<i>plural</i> <b class="Arab" lang="ary"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ميايه (page does not exist)">ميايه</a></b> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ary-Latn" class="tr Latn">myāyih</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> <i>or</i> <b class="Arab" lang="ary"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%87#Moroccan_Arabic" title="مياه">مياه</a></b> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ary-Latn" class="tr Latn">myāh</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>)</span> <span class="usage-label-term"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">usually <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#uncountable" title="Appendix:Glossary">uncountable</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> </p> <ol><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="Moroccan_Arabic:_water"> <a href="/wiki/water" title="water">water</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2_2">Etymology 2</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Etymology 2"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic" class="extiw" title="w:Arabic">Arabic</a></span> <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Arabic">مَا</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">mā</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">not</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pronunciation_3">Pronunciation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moroccan_Arabic_phonology" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Moroccan Arabic phonology">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/maː/</span></li> <li>Usually unstressed and shortened to <span class="IPA">/ma/</span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r50165410"><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio<span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="LL-Q56426_(ary)-Fenakhay-ما.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/LL-Q56426_%28ary%29-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav/LL-Q56426_%28ary%29-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/LL-Q56426_%28ary%29-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav/LL-Q56426_%28ary%29-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/LL-Q56426_%28ary%29-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q56426_(ary)-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav" title="File:LL-Q56426 (ary)-Fenakhay-ما.wav">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Particle_4">Particle</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Particle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab headword" lang="ary">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Moroccan_Arabic_transliteration" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:Moroccan Arabic transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="ary-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">ma</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="Moroccan_Arabic:_negative"> <a href="/wiki/not" title="not">not</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_3_2">Etymology 3</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Etymology 3"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic" class="extiw" title="w:Arabic">Arabic</a></span> <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Arabic">مَا</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">mā</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">what</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pronunciation_4">Pronunciation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moroccan_Arabic_phonology" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Moroccan Arabic phonology">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/maː/</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r50165410"><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio<span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_2" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="LL-Q56426_(ary)-Fenakhay-ما.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/LL-Q56426_%28ary%29-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav/LL-Q56426_%28ary%29-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/LL-Q56426_%28ary%29-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav/LL-Q56426_%28ary%29-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/LL-Q56426_%28ary%29-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q56426_(ary)-Fenakhay-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav" title="File:LL-Q56426 (ary)-Fenakhay-ما.wav">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pronoun_3">Pronoun</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Pronoun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab headword" lang="ary">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Moroccan_Arabic_transliteration" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:Moroccan Arabic transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="ary-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">mā</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="Moroccan_Arabic:_relative"> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">relative</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=that_which&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="that which (page does not exist)">that which</a>, <a href="/wiki/what" title="what">what</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mozarabic">Mozarabic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Mozarabic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_6">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/mea#Latin" title="mea">mea</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">my</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Compare <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language" class="extiw" title="w:French language">French</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/ma#French" title="ma">ma</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Determiner">Determiner</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Determiner"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab headword" lang="mxi">ما</strong> (<span lang="mxi-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">mā</span>) (<i>feminine</i>, <i>masculine</i> <b class="Arab" lang="mxi"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88#Mozarabic" title="مو">مو</a></b>)</span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/my" title="my">my</a> <ul><li><div class="wiktQuote" data-validation="green"><b><i><a href="/wiki/circa" title="circa">c.</a></i> 1100</b>, <i>Kharja A16</i> :<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><dl><dd><span class="Arab e-quotation" lang="mxi">كتال مي <b>ما</b> المَهْ / ككري <b>ما</b> المهْ</span><dl><dd><i lang="mxi-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">ki-tālə mī <b>mā</b> alma / ki-karəyyu <b>mā</b> alma</i></dd><dd>Who grabs <b>my</b> soul? / Who <span class="q-hellip-sp"> </span><span class="q-hellip-b">[</span>…<span class="q-hellip-b">]</span><span class="q-hellip-b"> </span> <b>my</b> soul?</dd></dl></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"> ^ </a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">Jones, Alan (<span class="None" lang="und">1988</span>) <cite>Romance <i>Kharjas</i> in Andalusian Arabic <i>Muwaššaḥ</i> Poetry</cite> (Oxford Oriental Institute Monographs; 9), Ithaca Press London, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86372-085-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-86372-085-4">→ISBN</a></small>, pages <span class="None" lang="und">123-124</span></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Persian">Persian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Persian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="interproject-box sister-wikipedia sister-project noprint floatright"><div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/44px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/66px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/88px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><div style="margin-left: 60px;">Persian <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> has an article on:<div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/fa:%D9%85%D8%A7" class="extiw" title="w:fa:ما">ما</a></b></div></div><span class="interProject"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/fa:%D9%85%D8%A7" class="extiw" title="w:fa:ما">Wikipedia <sup>fa</sup></a></span></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81571951"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_1_2">Etymology 1</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Etymology 1"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Persian" class="extiw" title="w:Middle Persian">Middle Persian</a></span> <i class="Phli mention" lang="pal"><a href="/wiki/%F0%90%AD%AB%F0%90%AD%AD%F0%90%AD%A4#Middle_Persian" title="𐭫𐭭𐭤">𐭫𐭭𐭤</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="pal-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">LNE</span> <span class="ts mention-ts Latn">/⁠amāh⁠/</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">we, us</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Persian" class="extiw" title="w:Old Persian">Old Persian</a></span> <i class="Xpeo mention" lang="peo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%90%8E%A0%F0%90%8E%B6%F0%90%8E%A0%F0%90%8E%A7%F0%90%8E%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𐎠𐎶𐎠𐎧𐎶 (page does not exist)">𐎠𐎶𐎠𐎧𐎶</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="peo-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">amāxam</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> (genitive plural form of the first person plural pronoun), ultimately from the PIE variant <i>*mey</i> of the personal pronoun <i>*wey</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pronunciation_5">Pronunciation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Persian" class="extiw" title="w:Classical Persian">Classical Persian</a></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Persian_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Persian pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[mɑː]</span></li></ul></div> <div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations" style="width: 41em; max-width:100%;"><span class="vsToggleElement" style="float: right;"> </span> <div class="vsShow" style="display:none"> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dari_Persian" class="extiw" title="w:Dari Persian">Dari, formal</a></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Persian_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Persian pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[mɑː]</span></li></ul></div> <div class="vsHide"> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dari_Persian" class="extiw" title="w:Dari Persian">Dari, formal</a></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Persian_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Persian pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[mɑː]</span> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dari#South-Eastern" class="extiw" title="w:Dari">Kabuli</a></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Persian_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Persian pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[mɑː]</span></li> <li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazaragi_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Hazaragi dialect">Hazaragi</a></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Persian_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Persian pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[mɔː]</span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div> <div> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_Persian" class="extiw" title="w:Iranian Persian">Iran, formal</a></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Persian_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Persian pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[mɒː]</span></li></ul></div> <div> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tajik_language" class="extiw" title="w:Tajik language">Tajik, formal</a></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Persian_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Persian pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[mɔ]</span></li></ul></div> <p><span></span> </p> <table class="fa-IPA mw-collapsed mw-collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Readings </th></tr> <tr> <th>Classical reading<sup><small><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Persian_transliteration/Classical" title="Wiktionary:Persian transliteration/Classical">?</a></small></sup> </th> <td>mā </td></tr> <tr> <th>Dari reading<sup><small><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Persian_transliteration/Classical" title="Wiktionary:Persian transliteration/Classical">?</a></small></sup> </th> <td>mā </td></tr> <tr> <th>Iranian reading<sup><small><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Persian_transliteration/Iranian" title="Wiktionary:Persian transliteration/Iranian">?</a></small></sup> </th> <td>mâ </td></tr> <tr> <th>Tajik reading<sup><small><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Tajik_transliteration" title="Wiktionary:Tajik transliteration">?</a></small></sup> </th> <td>mo </td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r81585489">.mw-parser-output table.fa-IPA{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);min-width:13em;display:table}.mw-parser-output table.fa-IPA th{padding:.4em;color:var(--wikt-palette-black,#000);text-align:left;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output table.fa-IPA td{padding:.4em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .fa-IPA__pp{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .fa-IPA__pp b{font-size:inherit;color:#BF0218}</style> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r50165410"><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_Persian" class="extiw" title="w:Iranian Persian">Iran</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_3" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Fa-ما.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Fa-%D9%85%D8%A7.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/Fa-%D9%85%D8%A7.ogg/Fa-%D9%85%D8%A7.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:Fa-%D9%85%D8%A7.ogg" title="File:Fa-ما.ogg">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pronoun_4">Pronoun</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Pronoun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Dari </th> <td rowspan="2"><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><strong class="selflink">ما</strong></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Iranian Persian </th></tr> <tr> <th>Tajik </th> <td><span class="Cyrl" lang="tg"><a href="/wiki/%D0%BC%D0%BE#Tajik" title="мо">мо</a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab fa-Arab headword" lang="fa">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Persian_transliteration" title="Wiktionary:Persian transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="fa-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">mâ</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/we" title="we">we</a>, <a href="/wiki/us" title="us">us</a>; <span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">the first-person plural pronoun.</span></span></li> <li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#poetic" title="Appendix:Glossary">poetic</a> or <a href="/wiki/humble" title="humble">humble</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/I" title="I">I</a>, <a href="/wiki/me" title="me">me</a>; <span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">the first-person singular pronoun, used to show <a href="/wiki/deference#English" title="deference">deference</a> to the listener or in poetic contexts.</span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="See_also_2">See also</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="NavFrame" style="width:75%"> <div class="NavHead"><a href="/wiki/Category:Persian_personal_pronouns" title="Category:Persian personal pronouns">Persian personal pronouns</a> (Iranian Persian)</div> <div class="NavContent"> <table border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse; line-height:2em; background:#F9F9F9;text-align:center;width:100%" class="inflection-table"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="width:30%; background:#DEDEDE"> </th> <th style="background:#DEDEDE">singular </th> <th style="background:#DEDEDE">plural </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#EFEFEF">1st person </th> <td><i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86#Persian" title="من">مَن</a></i> (man) </td> <td><i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa"><strong class="selflink">ما</strong></i> (mâ) </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#EFEFEF">2nd person </th> <th style="background:#EFEFEF">familiar </th> <td><i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88#Persian" title="تو">تو</a></i> (to) </td> <td rowspan="2"><i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7#Persian" title="شما">شُما</a></i> (šomâ) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EFEFEF">polite </th> <td><i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7#Persian" title="شما">شُما</a></i> (šomâ) </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3" style="background:#EFEFEF">3rd person </th> <th style="background:#EFEFEF">general </th> <td><i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88#Persian" title="او">او</a></i> (u) <br /> <small><i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86#Persian" title="اون">اون</a></i> (on)*</small> </td> <td><i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7#Persian" title="آن‌ها">آن‌ها</a></i> (ân-hâ), <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86#Persian" title="آنان">آنان</a></i> (ânân) <br /> <small><i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اونا (page does not exist)">اونا</a></i> (onâ)*</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EFEFEF">formal </th> <td><i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C#Persian" title="وی">وِی</a></i> (vey) </td> <td rowspan="2"><i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86#Persian" title="ایشان">ایشان</a></i> (išân) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EFEFEF">polite </th> <td><i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86#Persian" title="ایشان">ایشان</a></i> (išân) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"><small>* colloquial pronunciations</small> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead"><a href="/wiki/Category:Persian_personal_pronouns" title="Category:Persian personal pronouns">Persian personal pronouns (Classical and Dari)</a></div> <div class="NavContent"> <table border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse; line-height:2em; background:#F9F9F9;text-align:center;width:100%" class="inflection-table"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" rowspan="2" style="width:30%; background:#DEDEDE"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="background:#DEDEDE; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">singular </th> <th colspan="2" style="background:#DEDEDE; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">plural </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#DEDEDE; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">nominative </th> <th style="background:#DEDEDE; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">accusative<sup>5</sup> </th> <th style="background:#DEDEDE; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">nominative </th> <th style="background:#DEDEDE; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">accusative<sup>5</sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#EFEFEF; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">1st person </th> <th colspan="2" style="background:#EFEFEF">general </th> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86#Persian" title="من">من</a></span><br /> <span style="color: #888888">man</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7#Persian" title="مرا">مرا</a></span><br /> <span style="color: #888888">marā</span> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><strong class="selflink">ما</strong></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">mā<span> </span></span></td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#EFEFEF; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">informal<sup>1</sup> </th> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87#Persian" title="مه">مه</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">ma</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%87#Persian" title="مره">مره</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">mara</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ماره (page does not exist)">ماره</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">māra</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3" style="background:#EFEFEF; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">2nd person </th> <th colspan="2" style="background:#EFEFEF">familiar </th> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88#Persian" title="تو">تو</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">tū, tō</span><sup>2</sup> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7#Persian" title="ترا">ترا</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">turā</span> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7#Persian" title="شما">شما</a></span><br /> <span style="color: #888888">šumā</span> </td> <td rowspan="2">- </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#EFEFEF">formal </th> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7#Persian" title="شما">شما</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">šumā</span> </td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#EFEFEF;">informal<sup>1</sup> </th> <td>- </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%87#Persian" title="تره">تره</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">tura</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="شمایا (page does not exist)">شمایا</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">šumāyā</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="شمایاره (page does not exist)">شمایاره</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">šumāyāra</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="12" style="background:#EFEFEF">3rd person </th> <th rowspan="7" style="background:#EFEFEF; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">distal </th> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#EFEFEF">general </th> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88#Persian" title="او">او</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">ō</span> </td> <td rowspan="4">- </td> <td><span dir="ltr"><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86#Persian" title="آنان">آنان</a></span></span><sup>4</sup><br /><span style="color: #888888">ānān</span> </td> <td rowspan="4">- </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86#Persian" title="آن">آن</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">ān</span> </td> <td><span dir="ltr"><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7#Persian" title="آن‌ها">آن‌ها</a></span></span><sup>4</sup><br /><span style="color: #888888">ān‑hā</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#EFEFEF">formal </th> <td><span dir="ltr"><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C#Persian" title="وی">وی</a></span></span><sup>3</sup><br /><span style="color: #888888">way</span> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86#Persian" title="ایشان">ایشان</a></span><br /> <span style="color: #888888">ēšān</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86#Persian" title="ایشان">ایشان</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">ēšān</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EFEFEF; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">informal, normal<sup>1</sup> </th> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88#Persian" title="او">او</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">ū</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اوره (page does not exist)">اوره</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">ūra</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اونا (page does not exist)">اونا</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">ūnā</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ایناره (page does not exist)">ایناره</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">ūnāra</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EFEFEF; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">informal, emphatic I<sup>1</sup> </th> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اونو (page does not exist)">اونو</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">ūnū</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اونوره (page does not exist)">اونوره</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">ūnūra</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7#Persian" title="وا">وا</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">wā</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="واره (page does not exist)">واره</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">wāra</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EFEFEF; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">informal, emphatic II<sup>1</sup> </th> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اونمو (page does not exist)">اونمو</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">ūnamū</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اونموره (page does not exist)">اونموره</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">ūnamūra</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اونموا (page does not exist)">اونموا</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">ūnamwā</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اونمواره (page does not exist)">اونمواره</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">ūnamwāra</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="5" style="background:#EFEFEF; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">proximal </th> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#EFEFEF">general </th> <td rowspan="2"><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86#Persian" title="این">این</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">īn</span> </td> <td rowspan="2">- </td> <td><span dir="ltr"><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اینان (page does not exist)">اینان</a></span></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">īnān</span> </td> <td rowspan="2">- </td></tr> <tr> <td><span dir="ltr"><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7#Persian" title="این‌ها">این‌ها</a></span></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">īn‑hā</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EFEFEF; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">informal, normal<sup>1</sup> </th> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C#Persian" title="ای">ای</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">ī</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ایره (page does not exist)">ایره</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">īra</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7#Persian" title="اینا">اینا</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">īnā</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ایناره (page does not exist)">ایناره</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">īnāra</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EFEFEF; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">informal, emphatic I<sup>1</sup> </th> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C#Persian" title="اینی">اینی</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">īnī</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اینیره (page does not exist)">اینیره</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">īnīra</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7#Persian" title="یا">یا</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">yā</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87#Persian" title="یاره">یاره</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">yāra</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EFEFEF; padding:0.2em 0.5em;">informal, emphatic II<sup>1</sup> </th> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%85%DB%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اینمی (page does not exist)">اینمی</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">īnamī</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اینمیره (page does not exist)">اینمیره</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">īnamīra</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اینمیا (page does not exist)">اینمیا</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">īnamyā</span> </td> <td><span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اینمیاره (page does not exist)">اینمیاره</a></span><br /><span style="color: #888888">īnamyāra</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" style="text-align: left"> <dl><dd><sup>1</sup><small> only applies to Dari</small></dd> <dd><sup>2</sup><small> only applies to Classical Persian</small></dd> <dd><sup>3</sup><small> not formal in Tajik</small></dd> <dd><sup>4</sup><small> the plural forms <span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7#Persian" title="آن‌ها">آن‌ها</a></span> and <span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86#Persian" title="آنان">آنان</a></span> are typically interchangeable</small></dd> <dd><sup>5</sup><small> all accusative pronouns can be created with the nominative + <span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7#Persian" title="را">را</a></span>, only unique forms are included </small></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2_3">Etymology 2</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Etymology 2"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#onomatopoeic" title="Appendix:Glossary">Onomatopoeic</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Interjection">Interjection</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Interjection"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab fa-Arab headword" lang="fa">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Persian_transliteration" title="Wiktionary:Persian transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="fa-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">mâ</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">vocalization of a cow</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/moo" title="moo">moo</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_3_3">Etymology 3</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Etymology 3"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>See the etymology of the corresponding <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#lemma" title="Appendix:Glossary">lemma</a> form. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Noun_5">Noun</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Noun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab fa-Arab headword" lang="fa">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Persian_transliteration" title="Wiktionary:Persian transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="fa-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">mâ</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li><span class="form-of-definition use-with-mention"><a href="/wiki/unhamzated" title="unhamzated">unhamzated</a> form of <span class="form-of-definition-link"><i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1#Persian" title="ماء">ماء</a></i></span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="South_Levantine_Arabic">South Levantine Arabic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: South Levantine Arabic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_6">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Levantine_Arabic_phonology" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:South Levantine Arabic phonology">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/maː/</span>, <span class="IPA">[mæː]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Levantine_Arabic_phonology" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:South Levantine Arabic phonology">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ma/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ma]</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r50165410"><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_Arabic#Palestinian_urban_dialects" class="extiw" title="w:Palestinian Arabic">Ramallah</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_4" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="LL-Q55633582_(ajp)-Muhammad_(AdrianAbdulBaha)-ما.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q55633582_(ajp)-Muhammad_(AdrianAbdulBaha)-%D9%85%D8%A7.wav" title="File:LL-Q55633582 (ajp)-Muhammad (AdrianAbdulBaha)-ما.wav">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_1_3">Etymology 1</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Etymology 1"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic" class="extiw" title="w:Arabic">Arabic</a></span> <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Arabic">مَا</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">mā</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">not</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Particle_5">Particle</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Particle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab headword" lang="ajp">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:South_Levantine_Arabic_transliteration" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:South Levantine Arabic transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="ajp-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">mā</span> <i>or</i> <span lang="ajp-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">ma</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/don%27t" title="don't">don't</a>, <a href="/wiki/didn%27t" title="didn't">didn't</a> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">used to negate a verbal phrase</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <dl><dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ajp"><strong class="selflink">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AF#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="بد">بدّه</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%AC%D8%A7#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="إجا">ييجي</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="على">ع</a><a href="/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A9#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="حفلة">الحفلة</a>.</i><dl><dd><i lang="ajp-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>mā</b> biddo yīji ʕal-ḥafle</i></dd><dd><span class="e-translation">He <b>doesn't</b> want to come to the party.</span></dd></dl></div></dd> <dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r50165410"><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_Arabic#Palestinian_urban_dialects" class="extiw" title="w:Palestinian Arabic">Ramallah</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_5" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="LL-Q55633582_(ajp)-Muhammad_(AdrianAbdulBaha)-ما_بده_ييجي_عالحفلة.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A9.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A9.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A9.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A9.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A9.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q55633582_(ajp)-Muhammad_(AdrianAbdulBaha)-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A9.wav" title="File:LL-Q55633582 (ajp)-Muhammad (AdrianAbdulBaha)-ما بده ييجي عالحفلة.wav">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></dd> <dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ajp"><strong class="selflink">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="قال">قلت</a><a href="/wiki/%D9%84#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="ل">لّو</a><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="ش">ش</a>؟</i><dl><dd><i lang="ajp-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>ma</b> ʔult-illū<b>š</b>?</i></dd><dd><span class="e-translation">You <b>didn't</b> tell him?</span></dd></dl></div></dd> <dd><span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonyms:</span> <span class="Arab" lang="ajp"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="ش">ـش</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ajp-Latn" class="tr Latn">-š</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">imperative</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <span class="Arab" lang="ajp"><a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="لا">لا</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ajp-Latn" class="tr Latn">la</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Usage_notes_2">Usage notes</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Usually this <i class="Arab mention" lang="ajp"><strong class="selflink">ما</strong></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ajp-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">mā</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> is stressed. However, it can optionally be used together with <i class="Arab mention" lang="ajp"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="ش">ـش</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ajp-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">-š</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, in which case the stress shifts to the end of the verbal phrase. <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ajp"><strong class="selflink">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="كتب">كتب</a></i> ― <i lang="ajp-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>mā</b> katab</i> ― <span class="e-translation">he didn't write</span></span></dd> <dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r50165410"><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_Arabic#Palestinian_urban_dialects" class="extiw" title="w:Palestinian Arabic">Ramallah</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_6" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="LL-Q55633582_(ajp)-Muhammad_(AdrianAbdulBaha)-ما_كتب.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q55633582_(ajp)-Muhammad_(AdrianAbdulBaha)-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8.wav" title="File:LL-Q55633582 (ajp)-Muhammad (AdrianAbdulBaha)-ما كتب.wav">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ajp"><strong class="selflink">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="كتب">كتب</a><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="ش">ش</a></i> ― <i lang="ajp-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>ma</b> katabš</i> ― <span class="e-translation">he didn't write</span></span></dd> <dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r50165410"><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_Arabic#Palestinian_urban_dialects" class="extiw" title="w:Palestinian Arabic">Ramallah</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_7" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="LL-Q55633582_(ajp)-Muhammad_(AdrianAbdulBaha)-ما_كتبش.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B4.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B4.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B4.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B4.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B4.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q55633582_(ajp)-Muhammad_(AdrianAbdulBaha)-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B4.wav" title="File:LL-Q55633582 (ajp)-Muhammad (AdrianAbdulBaha)-ما كتبش.wav">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ajp"><strong class="selflink">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="نسي">تنسى</a></i> ― <i lang="ajp-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>mā</b> tinsa</i> ― <span class="e-translation">don't forget</span></span></dd> <dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r50165410"><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_Arabic#Palestinian_urban_dialects" class="extiw" title="w:Palestinian Arabic">Ramallah</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_8" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="LL-Q55633582_(ajp)-Muhammad_(AdrianAbdulBaha)-ما_تنسى.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%89.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%89.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%89.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%89.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%89.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q55633582_(ajp)-Muhammad_(AdrianAbdulBaha)-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%89.wav" title="File:LL-Q55633582 (ajp)-Muhammad (AdrianAbdulBaha)-ما تنسى.wav">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ajp"><strong class="selflink">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="نسي">تنسا</a><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="ش">ش</a></i> ― <i lang="ajp-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>ma</b> tinsāš</i> ― <span class="e-translation">don't forget</span></span></dd> <dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r50165410"><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_Arabic#Palestinian_urban_dialects" class="extiw" title="w:Palestinian Arabic">Ramallah</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_9" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="LL-Q55633582_(ajp)-Muhammad_(AdrianAbdulBaha)-ما_تنساش.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/91/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B4.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B4.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/91/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B4.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B4.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B4.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q55633582_(ajp)-Muhammad_(AdrianAbdulBaha)-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B4.wav" title="File:LL-Q55633582 (ajp)-Muhammad (AdrianAbdulBaha)-ما تنساش.wav">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ajp"><strong class="selflink">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%89#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="حكى">بحكي</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="إنكليزي">إنكليزي</a></i> ― <i lang="ajp-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>mā</b> biḥki ʔinglīzi</i> ― <span class="e-translation">he doesn't speak English</span></span></dd> <dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r50165410"><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_Arabic#Palestinian_urban_dialects" class="extiw" title="w:Palestinian Arabic">Ramallah</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_10" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="LL-Q55633582_(ajp)-Muhammad_(AdrianAbdulBaha)-ما_بحكي_إنكليزي.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q55633582_(ajp)-Muhammad_(AdrianAbdulBaha)-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A.wav" title="File:LL-Q55633582 (ajp)-Muhammad (AdrianAbdulBaha)-ما بحكي إنكليزي.wav">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ajp"><strong class="selflink">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%89#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="حكى">بحكي</a><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="ش">ش</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="إنكليزي">إنكليزي</a></i> ― <i lang="ajp-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>ma</b> biḥkīš ʔinglīzi</i> ― <span class="e-translation">he doesn't speak English</span></span></dd> <dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r50165410"><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_Arabic#Palestinian_urban_dialects" class="extiw" title="w:Palestinian Arabic">Ramallah</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_11" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="LL-Q55633582_(ajp)-Muhammad_(AdrianAbdulBaha)-ما_بحكيش_إنكليزي.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B4_%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B4_%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B4_%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B4_%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-Muhammad_%28AdrianAbdulBaha%29-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B4_%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q55633582_(ajp)-Muhammad_(AdrianAbdulBaha)-%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B4_%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A.wav" title="File:LL-Q55633582 (ajp)-Muhammad (AdrianAbdulBaha)-ما بحكيش إنكليزي.wav">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="See_also_3">See also</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Arab" lang="ajp"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="مش">مش</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ajp-Latn" class="tr Latn">miš</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2_4">Etymology 2</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Etymology 2"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic" class="extiw" title="w:Arabic">Arabic</a></span> <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Arabic">مَا</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ar-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">mā</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">what</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Particle_6">Particle</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Particle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab headword" lang="ajp">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:South_Levantine_Arabic_transliteration" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:South Levantine Arabic transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="ajp-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">ma</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">used to link a preposition to a verbal phrase</span></span> <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ajp"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="بعد">بعد</a> <strong class="selflink">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AD#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="راح">راح</a></i> ― <i lang="ajp-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>baʕd-ma</b> rāḥ</i> ― <span class="e-translation"><b>after</b> he went</span></span></dd></dl></li> <li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">used to turn a question word into a relative determiner</span></span>; -<a href="/wiki/ever" title="ever">ever</a> <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ajp"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%89#South_Levantine_Arabic" class="mw-redirect" title="إيمتى">إيمتى</a> <strong class="selflink">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AF#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="بد">بد</a><a href="/wiki/%D9%83#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="ك">ك</a></i> ― <i lang="ajp-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>ʔēmta-ma</b> biddak</i> ― <span class="e-translation"><b>whenever</b> you want</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ajp"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="شو">شو</a> <strong class="selflink">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="قال">قال</a></i> ― <i lang="ajp-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>šū-ma</b> ʔāl</i> ― <span class="e-translation"><b>whatever</b> he said</span></span></dd></dl></li> <li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">used before an elative adjective to indicate surprise or other strong feelings in an exclamation</span></span> <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ajp"><strong class="selflink">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%89#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="أحلى">أحلا</a><a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="ها">ها</a>!</i> ― <i lang="ajp-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn"><b>ma</b> ʔaḥlā-ha!</i> ― <span class="e-translation"><b>how</b> beautiful she is!</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonym:</span> <span class="Arab" lang="ajp"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%A7#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="أما">أمّا</a></span></span></dd></dl></li> <li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">used before a verbal phrase to contradict a statement or subvert an expectation</span></span>; <a href="/wiki/does" title="does">does</a>, <a href="/wiki/did" title="did">did</a> <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Arab mention e-example" lang="ajp"><a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B4#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="ليش">ليش</a> <strong class="selflink">ما</strong> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AD#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="راح">راح</a>؟ <strong class="selflink">ما</strong> (<a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="هو">هو</a>) <a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AD#South_Levantine_Arabic" title="راح">راح</a>!</i> ― <i lang="ajp-Latn" class="e-transliteration tr Latn">lēš <b>mā</b> rāḥ? <b>ma</b> (huwwe) rāḥ!</i> ― <span class="e-translation">Why <b>didn't</b> he go? He <b>did</b> go!</span></span></dd> <dd><small>Invariable form:</small> <span class="Arab" lang="ajp"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ماهو (page does not exist)">ماهو</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ajp-Latn" class="tr Latn">mahū</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Usage_notes_3">Usage notes</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In all these senses the <i class="Arab mention" lang="ajp"><strong class="selflink">ما</strong></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ajp-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">ma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> is unstressed. In the fourth sense, the contradicting phrase should be uttered with rising intonation to distinguish this sense of <i class="Arab mention" lang="ajp"><strong class="selflink">ما</strong></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ajp-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">ma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> from the sense of negation. When a subject pronoun is used in the fourth sense, <i class="Arab mention" lang="ajp"><strong class="selflink">ما</strong></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ajp-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">ma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> precedes it; this yields the invariable form <span class="Arab" lang="ajp"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ماهو (page does not exist)">ماهو</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ajp-Latn" class="tr Latn">mahū</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> used before nominal phrases with the same meaning.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ushojo">Ushojo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Ushojo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_7">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shina_language" class="extiw" title="w:Shina language">Shina</a></span> <i class="Arab ur-Arab mention" lang="scl"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%DB%81#Shina" title="مہ">مہ</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="scl-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">meh</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronoun_5">Pronoun</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: Pronoun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Arab ur-Arab headword" lang="ush">ما</strong> (<span lang="ush-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">mā</span>)</span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/I" title="I">I</a>, <a href="/wiki/me" title="me">me</a></li></ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=ما&oldid=82273755">https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=ما&oldid=82273755</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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