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Cherry picking - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="التقاطية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="التقاطية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87" title="পক্ষপাতদুষ্ট বাছাই – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পক্ষপাতদুষ্ট বাছাই" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8-%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Чери-пикинг – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Чери-пикинг" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherry_picking" title="Cherry picking – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cherry picking" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vyzob%C3%A1v%C3%A1n%C3%AD_rozinek" title="Vyzobávání rozinek – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vyzobávání rozinek" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherry_picking" title="Cherry picking – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Cherry picking" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosinenpicken_(Argumentationstheorie)" title="Rosinenpicken (Argumentationstheorie) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rosinenpicken (Argumentationstheorie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valikuline_faktide_esitamine" title="Valikuline faktide esitamine – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Valikuline faktide esitamine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherry_picking" title="Cherry picking – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Cherry picking" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falacia_de_evidencia_incompleta" title="Falacia de evidencia incompleta – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Falacia de evidencia incompleta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherry_picking" title="Cherry picking – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Cherry picking" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%84%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86" title="گلچین‌کردن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گلچین‌کردن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherry_picking" title="Cherry picking – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cherry picking" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%B4%EB%A6%AC_%ED%94%BC%ED%82%B9" title="체리 피킹 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="체리 피킹" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petik_ceri" title="Petik ceri – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Petik ceri" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherry_picking" title="Cherry picking – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cherry picking" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A3_%D7%93%D7%95%D7%91%D7%93%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D" title="קטיף דובדבנים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קטיף דובדבנים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherry_picking" title="Cherry picking – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cherry picking" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%94%E3%83%83%E3%82%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0" title="チェリー・ピッキング – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="チェリー・ピッキング" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirseb%C3%A6rplukking" title="Kirsebærplukking – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kirsebærplukking" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherry_picking" title="Cherry picking – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Cherry picking" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosinenpicken" title="Rosinenpicken – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Rosinenpicken" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evid%C3%AAncia_suprimida" title="Evidência suprimida – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Evidência suprimida" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Выборочное представление фактов – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Выборочное представление фактов" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selektivan_dokaz" title="Selektivan dokaz – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Selektivan dokaz" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6rsb%C3%A4rsplockning" title="Körsbärsplockning – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Körsbärsplockning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherry_picking" title="Cherry picking – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Cherry picking" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C" title="เหตุผลวิบัติโดยหลักฐานไม่สมบูรณ์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เหตุผลวิบัติโดยหลักฐานไม่สมบูรณ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C4%B1mb%C4%B1zlama_safsatas%C4%B1" title="Cımbızlama safsatası – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cımbızlama safsatası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Помилка вибіркових доказів – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Помилка вибіркових доказів" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><b>Cherry picking</b> is when someone picks the case which supports his opinion.<sup id="cite_ref-Goldacre_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Goldacre-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>For example, suppose twenty studies have been done on a new medicine and 19 say it works, but one says it does not work. To "cherry pick" is to use the one failed study to "prove" that the medicine is useless. It is a type of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Confirmation_bias&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Confirmation bias (not yet started)">confirmation bias</a>, where a person sees evidence for what they want or expect to see, and ignores evidence which goes against their belief. </p><p>The term <a href="/wiki/Cherry" title="Cherry">cherry</a> picking comes from when people harvest cherries from a tree - the cherry picker only takes the reddest, ripest fruits. If someone looked at all the fruit the person had picked, they might think that all the cherries were red, until they went to the tree and saw lots of pale, unripe cherries still on it. </p><p>Cherry picking as a term is quite negative, as it implies that the person doing the cherry picking is trying to deceive the audience, or simply does not care about the facts. </p><p>When applied to subjects like <a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">medicine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Science" title="Science">science</a>, cherry picking is considered "bad science".<sup id="cite_ref-Goldacre_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Goldacre-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> or a sign of <a href="/wiki/Pseudoscience" title="Pseudoscience">pseudoscience</a>. </p><p>Cherry picking can take several forms. The most obvious case of cherry picking is where only evidence that supports a given argument is used, and other evidence which does not support it or goes against it is ignored or covered up. Other examples can include giving a lot of emphasis to evidence which supports the idea but barely any to other <a href="/wiki/Evidence" title="Evidence">evidence</a>, and taking a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Quotation&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Quotation (not yet started)">quote</a> out of <a href="/wiki/Context" class="mw-disambig" title="Context">context</a> so that it seems to have a different meaning than it originally did. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pseudoscience" title="Pseudoscience">Pseudoscience</a> is when untrue claims are made to appear as though they have a scientific basis, even though they do not. Many pseudoscientists cherry pick real scientific evidence to support their claims. It is quite common in science for some studies to <a href="/wiki/Contradiction" title="Contradiction">contradict</a> others, for example in cases where different methods are used to measure an outcome, or where human <a href="/wiki/Error" title="Error">error</a> or <a href="/wiki/Chance" class="mw-disambig" title="Chance">chance</a> may lead to unusual results. This means that there is often a study someone can use to support their claim, and they can cherry pick that one study even if many more contradict it. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherry_picking&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherry_picking&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Goldacre-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Goldacre_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Goldacre_1-1">1.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Goldacre, Ben (2008). Bad Science. HarperCollins Publishers. pp. 97–99. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px 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.cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-00-728319-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-00-728319-4">978-0-00-728319-4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Devious deception in displaying data: Cherry picking, <i>Science or Not</i>, April 3, 2012, retrieved 16 February 2015</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122492">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox 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(not yet started)">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Informal_fallacy" title="Informal fallacy">Informal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Equivocation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Equivocation" title="Equivocation">Equivocation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_true_Scotsman" title="No true Scotsman">No true Scotsman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=False_equivalence&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="False equivalence (not yet started)">False equivalence</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=False_attribution&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="False attribution (not yet started)">False attribution</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quoting_out_of_context&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Quoting out of context (not yet started)">Quoting out of context</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loki%27s_Wager&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Loki&#39;s Wager (not yet started)">Loki's Wager</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reification_(fallacy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Reification (fallacy) (not yet started)">Reification</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Question-begging</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circular_reasoning" title="Circular reasoning">Circular reasoning</a> / <a href="/wiki/Begging_the_question" title="Begging the question">Begging the question</a></li> <li><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=Correlative-based_fallacies&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Correlative-based fallacies (not yet started)">Correlative-based</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/False_dilemma" title="False dilemma">False dilemma</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nirvana fallacy (not yet started)">Perfect solution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denying_the_correlative" title="Denying the correlative">Denying the correlative</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suppressed_correlative&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Suppressed correlative (not yet started)">Suppressed correlative</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fallacies_of_illicit_transference&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fallacies of illicit transference (not yet started)">Illicit transference</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fallacy_of_composition" title="Fallacy of composition">Composition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fallacy_of_division" title="Fallacy of division">Division</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ecological_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ecological fallacy (not yet started)">Ecological</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Secundum_quid&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Secundum quid (not yet started)">Secundum quid</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Accident_(fallacy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Accident (fallacy) (not yet started)">Accident</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Converse_accident&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Converse accident (not yet started)">Converse accident</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Faulty_generalization&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Faulty generalization (not yet started)">Faulty generalization</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sampling_bias&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sampling bias (not yet started)">Sampling bias</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherry picking</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=McNamara_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="McNamara fallacy (not yet started)">McNamara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Argument_from_analogy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Argument from analogy (not yet started)">Argument from analogy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/False_analogy" title="False analogy">False analogy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anecdotal_evidence&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Anecdotal evidence (not yet started)">Anecdotal evidence</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Base_rate_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Base rate fallacy (not yet started)">Base rate</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Conjunction_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Conjunction fallacy (not yet started)">Conjunction</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Double_counting_(fallacy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Double counting (fallacy) (not yet started)">Double counting</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Slothful_induction&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Slothful induction (not yet started)">Slothful induction</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Overwhelming_exception&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Overwhelming exception (not yet started)">Overwhelming exception</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ambiguity" title="Ambiguity">Ambiguity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fallacy_of_accent&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fallacy of accent (not yet started)">Accent</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=False_precision&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="False precision (not yet started)">False precision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moving_the_goalposts" title="Moving the goalposts">Moving the goalposts</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quoting_out_of_context&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Quoting out of context (not yet started)">Quoting out of context</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slippery_slope" title="Slippery slope">Slippery slope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorites_paradox" title="Sorites paradox">Sorites paradox</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syntactic_ambiguity&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Syntactic ambiguity (not yet started)">Syntactic ambiguity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Questionable_cause&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Questionable cause (not yet started)">Questionable cause</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Animistic_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Animistic fallacy (not yet started)">Animistic</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Furtive_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Furtive fallacy (not yet started)">Furtive</a></li></ul></li> <li>Correlation implies causation <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Correlation_does_not_imply_causation&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Correlation does not imply causation (not yet started)">Cum hoc</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Post_hoc_ergo_propter_hoc" class="mw-redirect" title="Post hoc ergo propter hoc">Post hoc</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambler%27s_fallacy" title="Gambler&#39;s fallacy">Gambler's</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inverse_gambler%27s_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Inverse gambler&#39;s fallacy (not yet started)">Inverse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regression_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Regression fallacy (not yet started)">Regression</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fallacy_of_the_single_cause&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fallacy of the single cause (not yet started)">Single cause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slippery_slope" title="Slippery slope">Slippery slope</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_sharpshooter_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas sharpshooter fallacy (not yet started)">Texas sharpshooter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Appeals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appeal_to_the_law&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Appeal to the law (not yet started)">Law/Legality</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appeal_to_the_stone&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Appeal to the stone (not yet started)">Stone</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proof_by_assertion&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Proof by assertion (not yet started)">Proof by assertion</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appeal_to_consequences&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Appeal to consequences (not yet started)">Consequences</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Argumentum_ad_baculum" class="mw-redirect" title="Argumentum ad baculum">Argumentum ad baculum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wishful_thinking&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wishful thinking (not yet started)">Wishful thinking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_emotion" title="Appeal to emotion">Emotion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Think_of_the_children" title="Think of the children">Children</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appeal_to_fear&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Appeal to fear (not yet started)">Fear</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appeal_to_flattery&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Appeal to flattery (not yet started)">Flattery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_novelty" title="Appeal to novelty">Novelty</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appeal_to_pity&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Appeal to pity (not yet started)">Pity</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appeal_to_ridicule&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Appeal to ridicule (not yet started)">Ridicule</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=In-group_favoritism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="In-group favoritism (not yet started)">In-group favoritism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invented_here&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Invented here (not yet started)">Invented here</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Not_invented_here&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Not invented here (not yet started)">Not invented here</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Island_mentality&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Island mentality (not yet started)">Island mentality</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appeal_to_loyalty&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Appeal to loyalty (not yet started)">Loyalty</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parade_of_horribles&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Parade of horribles (not yet started)">Parade of horribles</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appeal_to_spite&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Appeal to spite (not yet started)">Spite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag-waving&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Flag-waving (not yet started)">Stirring symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wisdom_of_repugnance&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wisdom of repugnance (not yet started)">Wisdom of repugnance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Genetic_fallacy" title="Genetic fallacy">Genetic fallacy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ad_hominem" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ad_hominem" title="Ad hominem">Ad hominem</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appeal_to_motive&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Appeal to motive (not yet started)">Appeal to motive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_fallacy" title="Association fallacy">Association</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Reductio_ad_Hitlerum" title="Reductio ad Hitlerum">Reductio ad Hitlerum</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Godwin%27s_law" title="Godwin&#39;s law">Godwin's law</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Red-baiting&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Red-baiting (not yet started)">Reductio ad Stalinum</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulverism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulverism (not yet started)">Bulverism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poisoning_the_well&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Poisoning the well (not yet started)">Poisoning the well</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tone_policing&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tone policing (not yet started)">Tone</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tu_quoque" class="mw-redirect" title="Tu quoque">Tu quoque</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whataboutism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Whataboutism (not yet started)">Whataboutism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_authority" title="Argument from authority">Authority</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appeal_to_accomplishment&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Appeal to accomplishment (not yet started)">Accomplishment</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ipse_dixit" title="Ipse dixit">Ipse dixit</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argumentum_ad_lazarum" title="Argumentum ad lazarum">Poverty</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Argumentum_ad_crumenam&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Argumentum ad crumenam (not yet started)">Wealth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Etymological_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Etymological fallacy (not yet started)">Etymology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_nature" title="Appeal to nature">Nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_tradition" title="Appeal to tradition">Tradition</a> / <a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_novelty" title="Appeal to novelty">Novelty</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chronological_snobbery&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Chronological snobbery (not yet started)">Chronological snobbery</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fallacy_of_relevance&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fallacy of relevance (not yet started)">fallacies<br /> of relevance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Arguments" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Arguments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ad_nauseam" class="mw-redirect" title="Ad nauseam">Ad nauseam</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sealioning&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sealioning (not yet started)">Sealioning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Argument_from_anecdote&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Argument from anecdote (not yet started)">Argument from anecdote</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Argument_from_silence&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Argument from silence (not yet started)">Argument from silence</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Argument_to_moderation&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Argument to moderation (not yet started)">Argument to moderation</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Argumentum_ad_populum" class="mw-redirect" title="Argumentum ad populum">Argumentum ad populum</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clich%C3%A9" title="Cliché">Cliché</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%27m_entitled_to_my_opinion&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="I&#39;m entitled to my opinion (not yet started)">I'm entitled to my opinion</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irrelevant_conclusion&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Irrelevant conclusion (not yet started)">Ignoratio elenchi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invincible_ignorance_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Invincible ignorance fallacy (not yet started)">Invincible ignorance</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moralistic_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Moralistic fallacy (not yet started)">Moralistic</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Naturalistic_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Naturalistic fallacy (not yet started)">Naturalistic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motte-and-bailey_fallacy" title="Motte-and-bailey fallacy">Motte-and-bailey fallacy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rationalization_(psychology)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Rationalization (psychology) (not yet started)">Rationalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_herring" title="Red herring">Red herring</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Two_wrongs_make_a_right" title="Two wrongs make a right">Two wrongs make a right</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_pleading&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Special pleading (not yet started)">Special pleading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straw_man" title="Straw man">Straw man</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Formal_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Formal fallacy (not yet started)">Formal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In <a href="/wiki/Propositional_calculus" class="mw-redirect" title="Propositional calculus">propositional logic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affirming_a_disjunct&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Affirming a disjunct (not yet started)">Affirming a disjunct</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affirming_the_consequent&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Affirming the consequent (not yet started)">Affirming the consequent</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denying_the_antecedent&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Denying the antecedent (not yet started)">Denying the antecedent</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Argument_from_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Argument from fallacy (not yet started)">Argument from fallacy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masked-man_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Masked-man fallacy (not yet started)">Masked man</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathematical_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mathematical fallacy (not yet started)">Mathematical fallacy</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In <a href="/w/index.php?title=Quantifier_(logic)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Quantifier (logic) (not yet started)">quantificational logic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Existential_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Existential fallacy (not yet started)">Existential</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affirming_the_consequent&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Affirming the consequent (not yet started)">Illicit conversion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proof_by_example&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Proof by example (not yet started)">Proof by example</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quantifier_shift&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Quantifier shift (not yet started)">Quantifier shift</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syllogistic_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Syllogistic fallacy (not yet started)">Syllogistic fallacy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affirmative_conclusion_from_a_negative_premise&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Affirmative conclusion from a negative premise (not yet started)">Affirmative conclusion from a negative premise</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Negative_conclusion_from_affirmative_premises&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Negative conclusion from affirmative premises (not yet started)">Negative conclusion from affirmative premises</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fallacy_of_exclusive_premises&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fallacy of exclusive premises (not yet started)">Exclusive premises</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Existential_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Existential fallacy (not yet started)">Existential</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Modal_scope_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Modal scope fallacy (not yet started)">Necessity</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fallacy_of_four_terms&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fallacy of four terms (not yet started)">Four terms</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illicit_major&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Illicit major (not yet started)">Illicit major</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illicit_minor&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Illicit minor (not yet started)">Illicit minor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fallacy_of_the_undistributed_middle&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fallacy of the undistributed middle (not yet started)">Undistributed middle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9122492"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Propaganda_techniques" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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techniques</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Accusation_in_a_mirror&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Accusation in a mirror (not yet started)">Accusation in a mirror</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ad_hominem" title="Ad hominem">Ad hominem</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appeal_to_fear&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Appeal to fear (not yet started)">Appeal to fear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_emotion" title="Appeal to emotion">Appeal to emotion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atrocity_propaganda&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Atrocity propaganda (not yet started)">Atrocity propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bandwagon_effect&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bandwagon effect (not yet started)">Bandwagon effect</a></li> <li><a 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<li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demonizing_the_enemy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Demonizing the enemy (not yet started)">Demonizing the enemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disinformation" title="Disinformation">Disinformation</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dog_whistle_(politics)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dog whistle (politics) (not yet started)">Dog whistle</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doublespeak&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Doublespeak (not yet started)">Doublespeak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emotive_conjugation&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Emotive conjugation (not yet started)">Emotive conjugation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exaggeration" title="Exaggeration">Exaggeration</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=False_accusation&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="False accusation (not yet started)">False accusation</a></li> <li><a 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<li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gish_gallop&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gish gallop (not yet started)">Gish gallop</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glittering_generality&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Glittering generality (not yet started)">Glittering generality</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Half-truth&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Half-truth (not yet started)">Half-truth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Historical_negationism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Historical negationism (not yet started)">Historical negationism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ideograph_(rhetoric)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ideograph (rhetoric) (not yet started)">Ideograph</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indoctrination&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Indoctrination (not yet started)">Indoctrination</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lawfare&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Lawfare (not yet started)">Lawfare</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loaded_language&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Loaded language (not yet started)">Loaded language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newspeak" title="Newspeak">Newspeak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Managing_the_news&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Managing the news (not yet started)">Managing the news</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minimisation_(psychology)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Minimisation (psychology) (not yet started)">Minimisation</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monumental_propaganda&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Monumental propaganda (not yet started)">Monumental propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moralistic_fallacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Moralistic fallacy (not yet started)">Moralistic fallacy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_generation_warfare&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="New generation warfare (not yet started)">New generation warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Obscurantism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Obscurantism (not yet started)">Obscurantism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Analysis_paralysis&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Analysis paralysis (not yet started)">Overcomplication</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oversimplification&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Oversimplification (not yet started)">Oversimplification</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plain_folks&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Plain folks (not yet started)">Plain folks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_warfare" title="Psychological warfare">Psychological warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Propaganda_of_the_deed&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Propaganda of the deed (not yet started)">Propaganda of the deed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_relations" title="Public relations">Public relations</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rally_%27round_the_flag_effect&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Rally &#39;round the flag effect (not yet started)">Rally 'round the flag effect</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scapegoating&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Scapegoating (not yet started)">Scapegoating</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senbu&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Senbu (not yet started)">Senbu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shooting_and_crying&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Shooting and crying (not yet started)">Shooting and crying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slogan" title="Slogan">Slogan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spin_(propaganda)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Spin (propaganda) (not yet started)">Spin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Weasel_word&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Weasel word (not yet started)">Weasel word</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whataboutism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Whataboutism (not yet started)">Whataboutism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_propaganda&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="White propaganda (not yet started)">White propaganda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7c479b968‐mvqh8 Cached time: 20241117173532 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.150 seconds Real time usage: 0.192 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 617/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 64718/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 815/2097152 bytes 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