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of London)</a>)</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Senate_House,_London&params=51.5210_N_0.1287_W_type:landmark">51°31′16″N 0°07′43″W / 51.5210°N 0.1287°W / 51.5210; -0.1287</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Senate House</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/File:Senate_House,_University_of_London.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Senate_House%2C_University_of_London.jpg/250px-Senate_House%2C_University_of_London.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="335" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Senate_House%2C_University_of_London.jpg/375px-Senate_House%2C_University_of_London.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Senate_House%2C_University_of_London.jpg/500px-Senate_House%2C_University_of_London.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1470" data-file-height="1967"></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="text-align: center">The Senate House of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="13" data-overlays='["_96755ddeb647da55595ecd0704c2297a68298e86"]'><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Senate_House%2C_London&revid=1250094545&groups=_96755ddeb647da55595ecd0704c2297a68298e86" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Senate_House%2C_London&revid=1250094545&groups=_96755ddeb647da55595ecd0704c2297a68298e86 2x" alt="Map"></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architectural style</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Art_Deco" title="Art Deco">Art Deco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture" title="Neoclassical architecture">Neo-Classical</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Town or city</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/WC_postcode_area" title="WC postcode area">WC1</a> United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Construction started</th><td class="infobox-data">1932</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Completed</th><td class="infobox-data">1937</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Client</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Design and construction</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architect(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Holden" title="Charles Holden">Charles Holden</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><div style="border:4px solid #87CEEB; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/Listed_building#England_and_Wales" title="Listed building">Listed Building</a> – Grade II*</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official name</th><td class="infobox-data">Senate House, London</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designated</th><td class="infobox-data">28 March 1969</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference no.</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1113107?section=official-list-entry">1113107</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> Senate House is the administrative centre of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a>, situated in the heart of <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury" title="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</a>, London, immediately to the north of the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Art_Deco" title="Art Deco">Art Deco</a> building was constructed between 1932 and 1937 as the first phase of a large uncompleted scheme designed for the university by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Holden" title="Charles Holden">Charles Holden</a>. It consists of 19 floors and is 210 feet (64 m) high.<a href="#cite_note-Karol-1">[1]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, the building's use by the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Information_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Information (United Kingdom)">Ministry of Information</a> inspired two works of fiction by English writers. The earliest, <a href="/wiki/Graham_Greene" title="Graham Greene">Graham Greene</a>'s novel <a href="/wiki/The_Ministry_of_Fear" title="The Ministry of Fear">The Ministry of Fear</a> (1943), inspired a <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Fear" title="Ministry of Fear">1944 film adaptation</a> directed by <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Lang" title="Fritz Lang">Fritz Lang</a> set in Bloomsbury.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> The description of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Truth" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Truth">Ministry of Truth</a> in <a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">George Orwell</a>'s novel <a href="/wiki/Nineteen_Eighty-Four" title="Nineteen Eighty-Four">Nineteen Eighty-Four</a> (1949) evokes the Senate House. His wife <a href="/wiki/Eileen_Blair" title="Eileen Blair">Eileen</a> worked in the building for the Censorship Department of the Ministry of Information.<a href="#cite_note-Hill-3">[3]</a> Today the main building houses the University of London's Central Academic Bodies and activities, including the offices of the vice-chancellor of the university, the entire collection of the Senate House Library, six of the eight research institutes of the <a href="/wiki/School_of_Advanced_Study" title="School of Advanced Study">School of Advanced Study</a>, as well as departments of distance learning provider <a href="/wiki/University_of_London_Worldwide" title="University of London Worldwide">University of London Worldwide</a>. <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History">1 History</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Critical_opinion">1.1 Critical opinion</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Present_day">1.2 Present day</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Senate_House_Library">2 Senate House Library</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#In_popular_culture">3 In popular culture</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#See_also">4 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#References">5 References</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Notes">5.1 Notes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Sources">5.2 Sources</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#External_links">6 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="History">History</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Senate_House,_London&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> After the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a> the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a>, then based at the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Institute">Imperial Institute</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kensington" title="Kensington">Kensington</a> was in urgent need of new office and teaching space to allow for its growth and expansion. In 1921, the government bought 11 acres (4.5 ha) of land in <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury" title="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Herbrand_Russell,_11th_Duke_of_Bedford" title="Herbrand Russell, 11th Duke of Bedford">Duke of Bedford</a> to provide a new site for the university. However, many within the university were opposed to a move, and, in 1926, the Duke bought back the land. However, the election of <a href="/wiki/William_Beveridge" title="William Beveridge">William Beveridge</a> to the post of <a href="/wiki/Vice-chancellor" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-chancellor">vice-chancellor</a> of the university in June 1926 was highly significant as Beveridge supported a move to Bloomsbury. Beveridge persuaded the <a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Foundation" title="Rockefeller Foundation">Rockefeller Foundation</a> to donate £400,000 to the university and the original site was reacquired in 1927.<a href="#cite_note-IOE-4">[4]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Senate_House_UoL_Interior.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Senate_House_UoL_Interior.jpg/220px-Senate_House_UoL_Interior.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Senate_House_UoL_Interior.jpg/220px-Senate_House_UoL_Interior.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Senate_House_UoL_Interior.jpg/330px-Senate_House_UoL_Interior.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Senate_House_UoL_Interior.jpg/440px-Senate_House_UoL_Interior.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The Crush Hall of Senate House</figcaption></figure> Beveridge saw the university as one "for the nation and the world, drawing from overseas as many students as Oxford and Cambridge and all the other English universities together."<a href="#cite_note-Beveridge-5">[5]</a> and specified that "the central symbol of the University on the Bloomsbury site can not fittingly look like an imitation of any other university, it must not be a replica from the Middle Ages. It should be something that could not have been built by any earlier generation than this, and can only be at home in London ... (the building) means a chance to enrich London – to give London at its heart not just more streets and shops ... but a great architectural feature ... an academic island in swirling tides of traffic, a world of learning in a world of affairs."<a href="#cite_note-Beveridge-5">[5]</a> The grand <a href="/wiki/Art_deco" class="mw-redirect" title="Art deco">art deco</a> design was the work of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Holden" title="Charles Holden">Charles Holden</a>, who was appointed as architect in March 1931 from a short list which also included <a href="/wiki/Giles_Gilbert_Scott" title="Giles Gilbert Scott">Giles Gilbert Scott</a>, <a href="/wiki/Percy_Worthington" title="Percy Worthington">Percy Scott Worthington</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Dunbar_Smith" title="Arnold Dunbar Smith">Arnold Dunbar Smith</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Karol-1">[1]</a> In making their choice, Beveridge and the Principal, Edwin Deller, were influenced by the success of Holden's recently completed <a href="/wiki/55_Broadway" title="55 Broadway">55 Broadway</a>, designed as the headquarters for the <a href="/wiki/Underground_Electric_Railways_Company_of_London" title="Underground Electric Railways Company of London">London Electric Railway</a> and then the tallest office building in London.<a href="#cite_note-Karol-1">[1]</a> Holden's original plan for the university building was for a single structure covering the whole site, stretching almost 1,200 feet (370 m) from Montague Place to Torrington Street. It comprised a central spine linked by a series of wings to the perimeter façade and enclosing a series of courtyards. The scheme was to be topped by two towers; the taller Senate House and a smaller one to the north.<a href="#cite_note-Karol-1">[1]</a> The design featured elevations of load-bearing brick work faced with <a href="/wiki/Portland_stone" title="Portland stone">Portland stone</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Karol-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-portland-6">[6]</a> Construction began in 1932 and was undertaken by <a href="/wiki/Holland,_Hannen_%26_Cubitts" title="Holland, Hannen & Cubitts">Holland, Hannen & Cubitts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> King <a href="/wiki/George_V" title="George V">George V</a> laid the ceremonial foundation stone on 26 June 1933 and the first staff moved in during 1936, the university's centenary year. On 27 November 1936, a group of university officials, led by the Principal, Sir Edwin Deller, went out to inspect the work in progress. Suddenly, without warning, a <a href="/wiki/Skip_(container)" title="Skip (container)">skip</a> being pushed by a workman overhead accidentally fell down and hit them. All were rushed to <a href="/wiki/University_College_Hospital" title="University College Hospital">University College Hospital</a>, where three days later, Deller died of his injuries.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> Due to a lack of funds, the full design was gradually cut back, and only the Senate House and Library were completed in 1937,<a href="#cite_note-Karol-1">[1]</a> although the external flanking wings of the north-eastern courtyard were not constructed.<a href="#cite_note-c20-9">[9]</a> As he had with his earlier buildings, Holden also prepared the designs for the individual elements of the interior design.<a href="#cite_note-Karol-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-c20-9">[9]</a> The completion of the buildings for the Institute of Education and the School of Oriental Studies followed, but the onset of the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> prevented any further progress on the full scheme. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_opinion">Critical opinion</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Senate_House,_London&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Critical opinion" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Inside_Senate_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Inside_Senate_House.jpg/220px-Inside_Senate_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3212" data-file-height="2442"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 167px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Inside_Senate_House.jpg/220px-Inside_Senate_House.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="167" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Inside_Senate_House.jpg/330px-Inside_Senate_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Inside_Senate_House.jpg/440px-Inside_Senate_House.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Senate House Entrance, facing south block</figcaption></figure> The architectural character and scale of the building has received both positive and negative criticism since its construction. <a href="/wiki/Steen_Eiler_Rasmussen" title="Steen Eiler Rasmussen">Steen Eiler Rasmussen</a>, a friend of Holden, commented that, with the expansive design, "the London University is swallowing more and more of the old houses, and this quarter – which the Duke of Bedford laid out for good domestic houses – has taken on quite a different character."<a href="#cite_note-Rasmussen-10">[10]</a> <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Waugh" title="Evelyn Waugh">Evelyn Waugh</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Put_Out_More_Flags" title="Put Out More Flags">Put Out More Flags</a> (1942), describes it as "the vast bulk of London University insulting the autumnal sky."<a href="#cite_note-Waugh-11">[11]</a> Positive comments came from <a href="/wiki/Functionalism_(architecture)" title="Functionalism (architecture)">functionalist</a> architect <a href="/wiki/Erich_Mendelsohn" title="Erich Mendelsohn">Erich Mendelsohn</a> in 1938, who wrote to Holden that he was "very much taken and am convinced that there is no finer building in London."<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> Architectural historian Arnold Whittick described the building as a "static massive pyramid ... obviously designed to last for a thousand years", but thought "the interior is more pleasing than the exterior. There is essentially the atmosphere of dignity, serenity and repose that one associates with the architecture of ancient Greece."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWhittick1974515-13">[13]</a> <a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Pevsner" title="Nikolaus Pevsner">Nikolaus Pevsner</a> was less enthusiastic. He described its style as "strangely semi-traditional, undecided modernism" and summarised the result: "The design certainly does not possess the vigour and directness of Charles Holden's smaller Underground stations."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECherryPevsner1998276-14">[14]</a> Others have described it as <a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinist</a><a href="#cite_note-Jenkins-15">[15]</a> or as <a href="/wiki/Totalitarianism" title="Totalitarianism">totalitarian</a> due to its great scale.<a href="#cite_note-Karol-1">[1]</a> Holden recognised that his architectural style placed him in "rather a curious position, not quite in the fashion and not quite out of it; not enough of a traditionalist to please the traditionalists and not enough of a modernist to please the modernists."<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Present_day">Present day</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Senate_House,_London&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Present day" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Senate_House_Library_Tower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Senate_House_Library_Tower.jpg/220px-Senate_House_Library_Tower.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="329" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3202" data-file-height="4788"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 329px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Senate_House_Library_Tower.jpg/220px-Senate_House_Library_Tower.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="329" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Senate_House_Library_Tower.jpg/330px-Senate_House_Library_Tower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Senate_House_Library_Tower.jpg/440px-Senate_House_Library_Tower.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The Senate House tower, as seen from below</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Senate_House_Steps_August_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Senate_House_Steps_August_2023.jpg/220px-Senate_House_Steps_August_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="277" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2835" data-file-height="3573"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 277px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Senate_House_Steps_August_2023.jpg/220px-Senate_House_Steps_August_2023.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="277" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Senate_House_Steps_August_2023.jpg/330px-Senate_House_Steps_August_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Senate_House_Steps_August_2023.jpg/440px-Senate_House_Steps_August_2023.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Senate House Steps, August 2023</figcaption></figure> Senate House remains a prominent landmark throughout Bloomsbury and is visible from some distance away. The building was <a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">listed</a> as Grade II* in 1969.<a href="#cite_note-listed-17">[17]</a> Following a multimillion-pound refurbishment in 2006, Senate House has also become a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.senatehouseevents.co.uk/">conference and event venue</a> playing host to some of the city's most prestigious events including <a href="/wiki/London_Fashion_Week" title="London Fashion Week">London Fashion Week</a>. Following the relaxation of the rules in the UK on university status under the <a href="/wiki/John_Major" title="John Major">Major</a> government and consequential stirrings towards full independence of the larger London University colleges, the future of Senate House and its library has from time to time been called into question. However, Senate House remains, and continues to be home both to the vice-chancellor of the University of London and to the deep resources of the university library; indeed, it re-opened in 2006 after undergoing a refurbishment to bring it up to modern standards and to reinstate some of Holden's original interiors. Some schools in constituent colleges, such as the <a href="/wiki/Birkbeck,_University_of_London" title="Birkbeck, University of London">Birkbeck</a> School of Computer Science and Information Systems (until 2010), and the <a href="/wiki/School_of_Advanced_Study" title="School of Advanced Study">School of Advanced Study</a> (the UK's national centre for the facilitation and promotion of research in the humanities and social sciences) are or were based in Senate House. <a href="/wiki/SOAS,_University_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="SOAS, University of London">SOAS</a> moved into the north block of Senate House from 2016.<a href="#cite_note-soas-18">[18]</a> The main entrance is from <a href="/wiki/Malet_Street" title="Malet Street">Malet Street</a> to the west and the rear entrance from <a href="/wiki/Russell_Square" title="Russell Square">Russell Square</a> to the east. In recent years, Senate House has been associated with high-profile industrial relations disputes. In December 2018, a boycott of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a>, including Senate House, organised by the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Workers%27_Union_of_Great_Britain" title="Independent Workers' Union of Great Britain">Independent Workers' Union of Great Britain</a> and supported by a number of high-profile politicians, journalists and academics, including <a href="/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell">John McDonnell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Owen_Jones_(writer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Owen Jones (writer)">Owen Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ken_Loach" title="Ken Loach">Ken Loach</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Graeber" title="David Graeber">David Graeber</a> came into effect. This campaign of 'direct action' aims to put pressure on the University of London to bring outsourced workers back into the employment of the university by targeting what is a major source of both prestige and revenue for the university.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Numerous events during the 2018–19 academic year were cancelled or relocated, and over 350 individual academics, as well as a number of UCU branches all signatories to the campaign.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> In May 2019 receptionists, porters as well post room and audio-visual (AV) equipment workers were made University of London staff, followed by security guards in May 2020.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="Senate_House_Library">Senate House Library</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Senate_House,_London&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Senate House Library" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Senate_House_Library,_University_of_London.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Senate_House_Library%2C_University_of_London.jpg/220px-Senate_House_Library%2C_University_of_London.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Senate_House_Library%2C_University_of_London.jpg/220px-Senate_House_Library%2C_University_of_London.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Senate_House_Library%2C_University_of_London.jpg/330px-Senate_House_Library%2C_University_of_London.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Senate_House_Library%2C_University_of_London.jpg/440px-Senate_House_Library%2C_University_of_London.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Senate House Library</figcaption></figure> Senate House Library (formerly known as the University of London Library) occupies the fourth to the 18th floors of the building, with the public areas of the library on the fourth to seventh floors.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> The library is open to staff and students of all colleges within the university (although levels of access differ between institutions) and contains material relevant chiefly to arts, humanities, and social science subjects.<a href="#cite_note-collections-26">[26]</a> The library is administered by the central university as part the <a href="/wiki/Senate_House_Libraries" title="Senate House Libraries">Senate House Libraries</a>, and in 2005 had more than 32,000 registered users. It holds around three million volumes, including 120,000 volumes printed before 1851.<a href="#cite_note-Stats-27">[27]</a> The library started with the foundation of the University of London in 1836, but began to develop from 1871 when a book fund was started.<a href="#cite_note-Stats-27">[27]</a> Along with a subscription to over 5,200 journals, other resources include the Goldsmiths' Library of Economic Literature,<a href="#cite_note-goldsmiths-28">[28]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Palaeography" title="Palaeography">Palaeography</a> room's collection of western European <a href="/wiki/Manuscript" title="Manuscript">manuscripts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-palaeo-29">[29]</a> The library also holds over 170,000 theses by graduate students.<a href="#cite_note-Stats-27">[27]</a> From 2006 onwards, the library has been undergoing a comprehensive refurbishment process.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> The library is also home to the University of London archives,<a href="#cite_note-collection-32">[32]</a> which include the central archive of the university itself and many other collections, including the papers of social reformer <a href="/wiki/Charles_Booth_(social_reformer)" title="Charles Booth (social reformer)">Charles Booth</a>,<a href="#cite_note-booth-33">[33]</a> philosopher <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Spencer" title="Herbert Spencer">Herbert Spencer</a>,<a href="#cite_note-spencer-34">[34]</a> actress and mystic <a href="/wiki/Florence_Farr" title="Florence Farr">Florence Farr</a>,<a href="#cite_note-farr-35">[35]</a> author and artist <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sturge_Moore" title="Thomas Sturge Moore">Thomas Sturge Moore</a>,<a href="#cite_note-moore-36">[36]</a> writer <a href="/wiki/Opal_Whiteley" title="Opal Whiteley">Opal Whiteley</a>,<a href="#cite_note-whitely-37">[37]</a> and publishing company <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Duckworth_and_Company_Ltd" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerald Duckworth and Company Ltd">Gerald Duckworth and Company Ltd</a>.<a href="#cite_note-duckworth-38">[38]</a> Since June 2021, the librarian has been <a href="/wiki/Catr%C3%ADona_Cannon" title="Catríona Cannon">Catríona Cannon</a>; she is also director of the Library Transformation Programme for the University of London.<a href="#cite_note-New_Lib-39">[39]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Senate_House,_London&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: In popular culture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Senate_House_London_from_London_Eye.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Senate_House_London_from_London_Eye.JPG/220px-Senate_House_London_from_London_Eye.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2072" data-file-height="1444"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 153px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Senate_House_London_from_London_Eye.JPG/220px-Senate_House_London_from_London_Eye.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="153" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Senate_House_London_from_London_Eye.JPG/330px-Senate_House_London_from_London_Eye.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Senate_House_London_from_London_Eye.JPG/440px-Senate_House_London_from_London_Eye.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>View of Senate House from <a href="/wiki/London_Eye" title="London Eye">London Eye</a></figcaption></figure> Due to its imposing architecture, Senate House is popular with the film and television industries as a shooting location; often for official buildings. It inspired the description of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Truth" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Truth">Ministry of Truth</a> in George Orwell's <a href="/wiki/Nineteen_Eighty-Four" title="Nineteen Eighty-Four">Nineteen Eighty-Four</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Hill-3">[3]</a> Films that have featured the building include the 1995 version of <a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(1995_film)" title="Richard III (1995 film)">Richard III</a> (interior of a government building), the 1984 film of <a href="/wiki/Nineteen_Eighty-Four_(1984_film)" title="Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984 film)">Nineteen Eighty-Four</a> (exterior of the apartment building where <a href="/wiki/O%27Brien_(Nineteen_Eighty-Four)" title="O'Brien (Nineteen Eighty-Four)">O'Brien</a> lives), <a href="/wiki/Blue_Ice_(film)" title="Blue Ice (film)">Blue Ice</a> (a hotel), <a href="/wiki/Spy_Game" title="Spy Game">Spy Game</a> (lobby of CIA Headquarters), <a href="/wiki/Batman_Begins" title="Batman Begins">Batman Begins</a> (lobby of a court), <a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Knight_Rises" title="The Dark Knight Rises">The Dark Knight Rises</a> (a costume ball), <a href="/wiki/Nanny_McPhee_and_the_Big_Bang" title="Nanny McPhee and the Big Bang">Nanny McPhee and the Big Bang</a> (a war office), <a href="/wiki/Fast_%26_Furious_6" title="Fast & Furious 6">Fast & Furious 6</a> (Moscow Interpol HQ), <a href="/wiki/Jack_Ryan:_Shadow_Recruit" title="Jack Ryan: Shadow Recruit">Jack Ryan: Shadow Recruit</a> (Moscow restaurant), <a href="/wiki/No_Time_to_Die" title="No Time to Die">No Time to Die</a> (MI6 Reception) and <a href="/wiki/The_355" title="The 355">The 355</a> (a Shanghai casino).<a href="#cite_note-films-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-film_london-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-british-film-locations-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> For television, the building has featured in <a href="/wiki/Jeeves_and_Wooster" title="Jeeves and Wooster">Jeeves and Wooster</a> (the exterior of Wooster's Manhattan apartment building), <a href="/wiki/Killing_Eve" title="Killing Eve">Killing Eve</a>,<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> and other programmes. Senate House is a prominent location in the first chapters of the 1951 post-apocalyptic novel <a href="/wiki/The_Day_of_the_Triffids" title="The Day of the Triffids">The Day of the Triffids</a> by <a href="/wiki/John_Wyndham" title="John Wyndham">John Wyndham</a>, and was thus used (as itself) in the television adaptation <a href="/wiki/The_Day_of_the_Triffids_(1981_TV_series)" title="The Day of the Triffids (1981 TV series)">The Day of the Triffids</a>. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Senate_House,_London&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_and_structures_in_London" title="List of tallest buildings and structures in London">List of tallest buildings and structures in London</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Senate_House,_London&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Senate_House,_London&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Karol-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Karol_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Karol_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Karol_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Karol_1-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Karol_1-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Karol_1-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Karol_1-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Karol_1-7">h</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKarol2008" class="citation journal cs1">Karol, Eitan (Autumn–Winter 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.ac.uk/sites/default/files/Past-and-Future-2008-autumn.pdf#page=6">"Naked and unashamed: Charles Holden in Bloomsbury"</a> (PDF). Past and Future (4). London: The Institute of Historical Research: 6–7. Retrieved 27 May 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Past+and+Future&rft.atitle=Naked+and+unashamed%3A+Charles+Holden+in+Bloomsbury&rft.chron=fall%E2%80%93winter&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=6-7&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Karol&rft.aufirst=Eitan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.ac.uk%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FPast-and-Future-2008-autumn.pdf%23page%3D6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPleßke2014" class="citation book cs1">Pleßke, Nora (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MXyiBQAAQBAJ&q=%22Senate+House%22+%22Ministry+of+Fear%22&pg=PA285">The Intelligible Metropolis: Urban Mentality in Contemporary London Novels</a>. Transcript Verlag. p. 285. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783839426722" title="Special:BookSources/9783839426722"><bdi>9783839426722</bdi></a>. Retrieved 9 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Intelligible+Metropolis%3A+Urban+Mentality+in+Contemporary+London+Novels&rft.pages=285&rft.pub=Transcript+Verlag&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9783839426722&rft.aulast=Ple%C3%9Fke&rft.aufirst=Nora&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMXyiBQAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522Senate%2BHouse%2522%2B%2522Ministry%2Bof%2BFear%2522%26pg%3DPA285&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hill-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hill_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hill_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHill2003" class="citation web cs1">Hill, Dan (22 November 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cityofsound.com/blog/2003/11/senate_house_un.html">"Senate House, University of London"</a>. City of Sound. Retrieved 27 May 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Senate+House%2C+University+of+London&rft.pub=City+of+Sound&rft.date=2003-11-22&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityofsound.com%2Fblog%2F2003%2F11%2Fsenate_house_un.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-IOE-4"><a href="#cite_ref-IOE_4-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121223083342/http://beginnings.ioe.ac.uk/begssenate.html">"Senate House Library, University of London"</a>. Beginnings: The History of Higher Education in Bloomsbury and Westminster. Institute of Education, University of London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://beginnings.ioe.ac.uk/begssenate.html">the original</a> on 23 December 2012. Retrieved 9 July 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Beginnings%3A+The+History+of+Higher+Education+in+Bloomsbury+and+Westminster&rft.atitle=Senate+House+Library%2C+University+of+London&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbeginnings.ioe.ac.uk%2Fbegssenate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Beveridge-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Beveridge_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Beveridge_5-1">b</a> Beveridge, quoted by <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHill2003" class="citation web cs1">Hill, Dan (22 November 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cityofsound.com/blog/2003/11/senate_house_un.html">"Senate House, University of London"</a>. City of Sound. Retrieved 27 May 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Senate+House%2C+University+of+London&rft.pub=City+of+Sound&rft.date=2003-11-22&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityofsound.com%2Fblog%2F2003%2F11%2Fsenate_house_un.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-portland-6"><a href="#cite_ref-portland_6-0">^</a> Holden used Portland stone frequently as he considered it "the only stone that washes itself" (Karol), capable of withstanding London's then smoggy atmosphere. </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> Cubitts 1810 – 1975, published 1975 </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFs1936" class="citation journal cs1">s, T. F. 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University of London Research Library Services. Retrieved 15 June 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Catalogue+of+Archives+and+Manuscripts+%E2%80%93+Herbert+Spencer+Papers&rft.pub=University+of+London+Research+Library+Services&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.ulrls.lon.ac.uk%2Fdispatcher.aspx%3Faction%3Dsearch%26database%3DChoiceArchive%26search%3Dpriref%3D110016739&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-farr-35"><a href="#cite_ref-farr_35-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.ulrls.lon.ac.uk/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArchive&search=priref=110007228">"Catalogue of Archives and Manuscripts – Florence Farr Papers"</a>. University of London Research Library Services. Retrieved 15 June 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Catalogue+of+Archives+and+Manuscripts+%E2%80%93+Florence+Farr+Papers&rft.pub=University+of+London+Research+Library+Services&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.ulrls.lon.ac.uk%2Fdispatcher.aspx%3Faction%3Dsearch%26database%3DChoiceArchive%26search%3Dpriref%3D110007228&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-moore-36"><a href="#cite_ref-moore_36-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.ulrls.lon.ac.uk/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArchive&search=priref=110017660">"Catalogue of Archives and Manuscripts – Thomas Sturge Moore Papers"</a>. University of London Research Library Services. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.london.ac.uk/senate-house-library/news/New-Librarian-SHL">the original</a> on 2 March 2023. Retrieved 2 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+London&rft.atitle=New+Librarian+for+University+of+London%27s+Senate+House+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.london.ac.uk%2Fsenate-house-library%2Fnews%2FNew-Librarian-SHL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-films-40"><a href="#cite_ref-films_40-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-film-locations.com/searchaddress.php?p=senate+house">"Filming Locations near to: Senate House, University of London, Malet St, Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7HU, UK"</a>. British Film Locations. Retrieved 17 March 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Film+Locations&rft.atitle=Filming+Locations+near+to%3A+Senate+House%2C+University+of+London%2C+Malet+St%2C+Bloomsbury%2C+London+WC1E+7HU%2C+UK&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-film-locations.com%2Fsearchaddress.php%3Fp%3Dsenate%2Bhouse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-film_london-41"><a href="#cite_ref-film_london_41-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180820071406/http://filmlondon.org.uk/news/2007/september/open_house_london/">"Open House London"</a>. Film London. 12 September 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://filmlondon.org.uk/news/2007/september/open_house_london">the original</a> on 20 August 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Film+London&rft.atitle=Open+House+London&rft.date=2007-09-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffilmlondon.org.uk%2Fnews%2F2007%2Fseptember%2Fopen_house_london&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIain_Stasukevich2012" class="citation journal cs1">Iain Stasukevich (1 August 2012). "Batman to the Max". <a href="/wiki/American_Cinematographer" title="American Cinematographer">American Cinematographer</a>. 93 (8). Los Angeles, United States: <a href="/wiki/American_Society_of_Cinematographers" title="American Society of Cinematographers">American Society of Cinematographers</a>: 34. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-7928">0002-7928</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Cinematographer&rft.atitle=Batman+to+the+Max&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=34&rft.date=2012-08-01&rft.issn=0002-7928&rft.au=Iain+Stasukevich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-british-film-locations-43"><a href="#cite_ref-british-film-locations_43-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150309125249/http://www.british-film-locations.com/Fast-And-Furious-6-2013">"British Film Locations"</a>. 26 November 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-film-locations.com/Fast-And-Furious-6-2013">the original</a> on 9 March 2015. Retrieved 6 March 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+Film+Locations&rft.date=2014-11-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-film-locations.com%2FFast-And-Furious-6-2013&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.movie-locations.com/movies/j/Jack-Ryan-Shadow-Recruit.php">"Jack Ryan: Shadow Recruit (2014)"</a>. Movie Locations. Retrieved 11 October 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Movie+Locations&rft.atitle=Jack+Ryan%3A+Shadow+Recruit+%282014%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.movie-locations.com%2Fmovies%2Fj%2FJack-Ryan-Shadow-Recruit.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201106091507/https://london.ac.uk/about-us/history-university-london/history-senate-house/senate-house-screen">"Senate House on screen"</a>. University of London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://london.ac.uk/about-us/history-university-london/history-senate-house/senate-house-screen">the original</a> on 6 November 2020. Retrieved 20 November 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Senate+House+on+screen&rft.pub=University+of+London&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flondon.ac.uk%2Fabout-us%2Fhistory-university-london%2Fhistory-senate-house%2Fsenate-house-screen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senatehouseevents.co.uk/features/10-iconic-shows-were-filmed-senate-house">"10 Iconic shows that were filmed at Senate House | Senate House"</a>. senatehouseevents.co.uk. Retrieved 17 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=senatehouseevents.co.uk&rft.atitle=10+Iconic+shows+that+were+filmed+at+Senate+House+%7C+Senate+House&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.senatehouseevents.co.uk%2Ffeatures%2F10-iconic-shows-were-filmed-senate-house&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Senate_House,_London&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Sources" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCherryPevsner1998" class="citation book cs1">Cherry, Bridget; <a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Pevsner" title="Nikolaus Pevsner">Pevsner, Nikolaus</a> (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rVHqBvtuLyMC">London 4: North</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pevsner_Architectural_Guides" title="Pevsner Architectural Guides">The Buildings of England</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-09653-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-09653-8"><bdi>978-0-300-09653-8</bdi></a>. Retrieved 5 February 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=London+4%3A+North&rft.series=The+Buildings+of+England&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-300-09653-8&rft.aulast=Cherry&rft.aufirst=Bridget&rft.au=Pevsner%2C+Nikolaus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrVHqBvtuLyMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhittick1974" class="citation book cs1">Whittick, Arnold (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i5NOAAAAYAAJ">European architecture in the twentieth century</a>. Leonard Hill Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-200-04017-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-200-04017-4"><bdi>978-0-200-04017-4</bdi></a>. Retrieved 5 February 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=European+architecture+in+the+twentieth+century&rft.pub=Leonard+Hill+Books&rft.date=1974&rft.isbn=978-0-200-04017-4&rft.aulast=Whittick&rft.aufirst=Arnold&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Di5NOAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenate+House%2C+London" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Senate_House,_London&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media 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Advanced Study, University of London</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://london.ac.uk/about-us/history-university-london/history-senate-house">"The History of Senate House"</a>, University of London</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://london.ac.uk/about-us/history-university-london">"History of University of London"</a>, University of London</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senatehouseevents.co.uk/">Senate House Events</a>, University of London</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.ulrls.lon.ac.uk/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArchive&search=priref=110031725">Archives relating to the building of Senate House</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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