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data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Muuda</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="et" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-span"> <b>Artiklis puuduvad <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikipeedia:Viitamine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vikipeedia:Viitamine">viited</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small><i>(Aprill 2020)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"> <br><small>Palun aita <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DLouis_IX%26action%3Dedit">artiklit täiendada</a>, lisades sobivaid viiteid.</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><b>Louis IX Püha</b> (<a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/25._aprill?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="25. aprill">25. aprill</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1214?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1214">1214</a> või <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1215?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1215">1215</a> – <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/25._august?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="25. august">25. august</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1270?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1270">1270</a>) oli <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapetingide_d%C3%BCnastia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kapetingide dünastia">Kapetingide dünastiasse</a> kuuluv <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prantsusmaa_kuningriik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prantsusmaa kuningriik">Prantsusmaa</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prantsusmaa_kuningas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prantsusmaa kuningas">kuningas</a> aastail <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1226?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1226">1226</a>–<a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1270?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1270">1270</a>. Teda peetakse viimaseks tõeliseks ristisõdade ideaalide kandjaks ning Prantsuse kuningavõimu oluliseks tugevdajaks. <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1297?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1297">1297</a>. aastal kuulutas <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paavst?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paavst">paavst</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bonifatius_VIII?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bonifatius VIII">Bonifatius VIII</a> ta <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C3%BChak?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pühak">pühakuks</a>.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fail:Saint_Louis,_roi_de_France,_et_un_page.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Saint_Louis%2C_roi_de_France%2C_et_un_page.jpg/220px-Saint_Louis%2C_roi_de_France%2C_et_un_page.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Saint_Louis%252C_roi_de_France%252C_et_un_page.jpg/330px-Saint_Louis%252C_roi_de_France%252C_et_un_page.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Saint_Louis%252C_roi_de_France%252C_et_un_page.jpg/440px-Saint_Louis%252C_roi_de_France%252C_et_un_page.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3605" data-file-height="4502"></a> <figcaption></figcaption> </figure> <p>Louis IX elu kohta sisaldavad küllaltki detailset teavet tema sõbra ja krooniku <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sene%C5%A1all?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Senešall">senešall</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_de_Joinville?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean de Joinville">Jean de Joinville</a>'i memuaarid.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="et" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Sisukord</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis_IX?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Elulugu"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Elulugu</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis_IX?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Regentlus_ja_m%C3%A4ssud"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Regentlus ja mässud</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis_IX?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ristis%C3%B5jad"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Ristisõjad</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis_IX?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Vaata_ka"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Vaata ka</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis_IX?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#V%C3%A4lislingid"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Välislingid</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Elulugu">Elulugu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Louis_IX&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muuda alaosa "Elulugu"" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>muuda</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Louis IX oli <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis_VIII?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louis VIII">Louis VIII</a> Lõvi ja <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kastiilia_kuningriik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kastiilia kuningriik">Kastiilia</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kastiilia_Blanche&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Kastiilia Blanche (pole veel kirjutatud)">Blanche</a>'i poeg. Louis IX sai oma isaga võrreldava hariduse, kasutades kloostriõppe asemel eraõpetajaid. Ta omandas soliidse pädevuse matemaatikas, lugemises, kirjutamises, grammatikas, retoorikas ja filosoofias. Tema säilinud kirjutised näitavad, et ta võis esitada oma mõtteid loogilisel ja organiseeritud moel nii prantsuse kui ka ladina keeles.</p> <p>Louis VIII suri ootamatult <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1226?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1226">1226</a>. aastal ning alaealisest Louis'st sai uus kuningas. Louis VIII vanima elusoleva pojana krooniti Louis IX aastal 1226 Prantsusmaa kuningaks. Alles kaheteistkümneaastasena oli ta liiga noor, et iseseisvalt valitseda, kuid kuna oli potentsiaalseid rivaale, krooniti noor kuningas kärmelt, et kõiki vaidlusi ära hoida. Tõepoolest, Prantsuse troonijärgluse reeglid olid paljudele veel ebaselged, kuna <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hugues_Capet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hugues Capet">Hugues Capet</a> valiti, mitte ei järgnenud oma isale; enamus Prantsuse kuningaid krooniti nende isade poolt, kui viimased olid veel elus, et valimist ära hoida. Noort kuningat toetasid paljud võimsad aadlikud, kes olid Kapetingidele ustavad ja kes hoidsid suure hoolega ära potentsiaalsete rivaalide kuningriigi üle kontrolli saavutamise. Prantsusmaa kirik ja lõpuks ka paavst kaitsesid selgelt seda positsiooni. Tema eest valitses regendina ema Blanche. Pikaks ajaks jäi ta oma ema <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kastiilia_Blanche&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Kastiilia Blanche (pole veel kirjutatud)">Kastiilia Blanche</a>'i mõju alla, kes toetas kuningriigi piiride laiendamise poliitikat.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fail:France.1223.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/France.1223.png/220px-France.1223.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="433" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 260px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/France.1223.png/220px-France.1223.png" data-width="220" data-height="260" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/France.1223.png/330px-France.1223.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/France.1223.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Prantsusmaa aastal 1223 </figcaption> </figure> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Regentlus_ja_mässud"><span id="Regentlus_ja_m.C3.A4ssud"></span>Regentlus ja mässud</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Louis_IX&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muuda alaosa "Regentlus ja mässud"" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>muuda</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Blanche jättis kõik otsused administraatoritele ja toimis ainult <i>täidesaatva võimu</i> vormis, Blanche osutus osavaks poliitikuks: surus maha aadlike rahutused ja nurjas <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Inglismaa_kuningriik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Inglismaa kuningriik">Inglismaa</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Inglismaa_kuningas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Inglismaa kuningas">kuninga</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henry_III?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henry III">Henry III</a> katsed <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Plantagenetid&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Plantagenetid (pole veel kirjutatud)">Plantagenetite</a> endiseid valduseid <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prantsusmaa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prantsusmaa">Prantsusmaal</a> tagasi saada. <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippe_II?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philippe II">Philippe II</a> ja Louis VIII aegsed nõunikud säilitasid oma positsioonid ning viimased pool sajandit kontsentreerunud keskvõim tugevnes veelgi.</p> <p>Blanche regendiajal ei olnud alaealisel Louis'l üldist toetust, paljud aadlikud puudusid Reimsist, kui Louis IX kuningaks tehti: <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Flandria_krahv?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Flandria krahv">Flandria krahv</a> oli pärast Bouvines'd veel vangis, <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Champagne'i_krahv&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Champagne'i krahv (pole veel kirjutatud)">Champagne' krahvil</a> oli keelatud tulla ja teised lihtsalt keeldusid tulemast. Siiski asendas Flandria krahvinna oma abikaasat ja <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Burgundia_hertsog?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Burgundia hertsog">Burgundia hertsog</a> oli samuti kohal. Järgnevatel aastatel oli Blanche'i vastu mässe; esimest jaanuaris 1227 juhtisid <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bretagne%27i_hertsogkond?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bretagne'i hertsogkond">Bretagne'i hertsog</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pierre_I,_Bretagne_hertsog?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre I, Bretagne hertsog">Pierre Mauclerc</a>, La Marche krahv <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Hugues_XI_de_Lusignan&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Hugues XI de Lusignan (pole veel kirjutatud)">Hugues XI</a> ja Champagne'i krahv <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Thibaut_IV_de_Blois&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Thibaut IV de Blois (pole veel kirjutatud)">Thibaut</a>. Seda mässu toetas Inglismaa kuningas <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henry_III?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henry III">Henry III</a>, kuid ei saatnud neile abi. Toetuse puudumise ja fakti tõttu, et nad võitlesid oma kuningaga, see mäss nurjus. Selle autoritele andestati ja neile anti raha vastutasuks ustavusvande eest kuningale.</p> <p>Samal ajal <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Languedoc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Languedoc">Languedoci</a> elanikud, otsides lõppu <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Albilaste_ristis%C3%B5da&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Albilaste ristisõda (pole veel kirjutatud)">Albilaste ristisõjale</a>, kutsusid rahule. <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Toulouse%27i_krahv?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Toulouse'i krahv">Toulouse'i krahv</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Raymond_VII,_Toulouse'i_krahv&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Raymond VII, Toulouse'i krahv (pole veel kirjutatud)">Raymond VII</a> alustas läbirääkimisi Blanche'iga ja tulemusel olid olulised tagajärjed kroonile. Nad sõlmisid <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Pariisi_rahu_(1229)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Pariisi rahu (1229) (pole veel kirjutatud)">Pariisi rahu</a>, millega Raymond VII võis säilitada oma maid kuni oma surmani. Lepingu valvurina abiellus tema ainus tütar <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jeanne,_Toulouse'i_krahvinna&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Jeanne, Toulouse'i krahvinna (pole veel kirjutatud)">Jeanne</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Poitiers'i_krahv&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Poitiers'i krahv (pole veel kirjutatud)">Poitiers' krahvi</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Alphonse,_Poitiers'i_krahv&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Alphonse, Poitiers'i krahv (pole veel kirjutatud)">Alphonse'iga</a> tähtsa tingimusega: juhul, kui nad surevad ilma pärijata, läheb kontroll Languedoci üle tagasi kroonile. Tõepoolest, Alphonse ja Jeanne surid ilma pojata ja kuningas sai otsese ligipääsu Vahemerele läbi kuningliku domeeni, muutes märkimisväärselt jõudude tasakaalu. Languedocis järgnesid paljud muudatused, millest kõige selgem oli <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Inkvisitsioon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Inkvisitsioon">inkvisitsiooni</a> loomine, uus politseivõimu vorm, milles vanemad tehnikad (näiteks piinamine) kombineeriti kõige värskematega, nagu tribunalid, kus esitati tõendeid, ja kohtuotsus tulenes formaalsest põhjendamisest. Ka <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Toulouse%27i_%C3%BClikool?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Toulouse'i ülikool">Toulouse'i ülikool</a> asutati sel perioodil.</p> <p>Hädad tõusid taas põhjas, kui suur hulk rahvast mässas Blanche'i vastu, kuid kuningas oli alati kohal, kui oli konflikte, ja sellel olid alati tagajärjed. Avalik arvamus hakkas <i>regentluse</i> vastu pöörduma. Kui kirik palus Blanche'il karistada <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vastlap%C3%A4ev?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vastlapäev">vastlapäeval</a> osalevaid inimesi, tegi ta kõik mehed osalemises süüdlaseks, vahistas ja mõistis nad süüdi. Pariisi ülikooli professorid ja üliõpilased olid selle poliitika esimesed ohvrid, see põhjustas <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Pariisi_%C3%BClikooli_streik_(1229)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Pariisi ülikooli streik (1229) (pole veel kirjutatud)">1229. aasta streigi</a>. Paljudele professoritele pakuti võimalust minna Londonisse õpetama ja enamus neist läks <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orl%C3%A9ans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Orléans">Orléansi</a>. Blanche andis lõpuks järele ja paavst annetas Pariisi ülikoolile privileegid. Boulogne'i krahv ründas seejärel Champagne'i krahvi, ja aastal 1230 randus Inglismaa kuningas Bretagne'is, et Prantsusmaa kuningat ärritada. Kuninglik armee liikus kiiresti Inglise vägede vastu ja Henry III põgenes Bordeaux'sse, et tagasi Inglismaale seilata. Kasutades seda diversiooni ära, asus Blanche abistama Champagne'i krahvi, saades territooriume Prantsuse kroonile. Viimast mässu juhtis Pierre Mauclerc ja selle surus aastal 1234 maha vahetult Louis IX, nüüd küllalt vana, et ise valitseda.</p> <p><a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1234?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1234">1234</a>. aastal kuulutati Louis IX täisealiseks ning abiellus <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Provence?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Provence'i_krahvid_(9.%E2%80%9313._sajand)" title="Provence">Provence'i</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Provence'i_Marguerite&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Provence'i Marguerite (pole veel kirjutatud)">Marguerite'iga</a>. Ehkki ametlikult sai Louis valitsejavõimu enda kätte, jäi ta reaalselt veel aastateks oma ema mõju alla. Louis'le kujunes peagi probleemiks ka tema noorem ja ülimalt ambitsioonikas vend <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Charles_d'Anjou&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Charles d'Anjou (pole veel kirjutatud)">Charles d'Anjou</a>, hilisem <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Napoli_kuningriik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Napoli kuningriik">Napoli</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Napoli_kuningas&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Napoli kuningas (pole veel kirjutatud)">kuningas</a> (1266–1285) <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Carlo_I_(Napoli)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Carlo I (Napoli) (pole veel kirjutatud)">Carlo I</a>, kes hakkas peagi riigiasjusse sekkuma. Siiski kujunes Louis IX valitsusaeg küllaltki edukaks: tänu tema (kroonikute väitel) vagadele ja õiglastele isikuomadustele kasvas kuningavõimu autoriteet ning tänu tsentraliseerivatele reformidele riigi majanduslik ja poliitiline stabiilsus.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Ristisõjad"><span id="Ristis.C3.B5jad"></span>Ristisõjad</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Louis_IX&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muuda alaosa "Ristisõjad"" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>muuda</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p><a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1240._aastad?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1240. aastad">1240. aastatel</a> tugevnes tunduvalt kuninga harras religioossus: ta hankis endale mitmeid <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeesus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeesus">Jeesusega</a> seotud <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Reliikvia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Reliikvia">reliikviaid</a> ning mõtles üha tõsisemalt <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ristis%C3%B5da?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ristisõda">ristisõtta</a> mineku peale. <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1247?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1247">1247</a>. aastal haigestus ta raskelt ning oli suremas. Pärast ootamatut tervenemist otsustaski Louis tänutäheks <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jumal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jumal">Jumalale</a> minna ristisõtta ning vabastada <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeruusalemm?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeruusalemm">Jeruusalemm</a>.</p> <p>Nii algatas ta järgmisel aastal <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seitsmes_ristis%C3%B5da?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seitsmes ristisõda">Seitsmenda ristisõja</a> (<a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1248?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1248">1248</a>–<a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1254?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1254">1254</a>), ent kuna parajasti oli käimas laiaulatuslik konflikt <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paavst?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paavst">paavst</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Innocentius_IV?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Innocentius IV">Innocentius IV</a> ja <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saksa-Rooma_keiser?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saksa-Rooma keiser">Püha Rooma (Saksa-Rooma) keisri</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Friedrich_II_(Saksa-Rooma_keiser)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Friedrich II (Saksa-Rooma keiser)">Friedrich II</a> vahel ning <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Inglismaa_kuningriik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Inglismaa kuningriik">Inglismaa</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Inglismaa_kuningas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Inglismaa kuningas">kuningas</a>, <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iirimaa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iirimaa">Iirimaa</a> lord ja <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akvitaania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Akvitaania">Akvitaania</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akvitaania_hertsog?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Akvitaania hertsog">hertsog</a> <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1216?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1216">1216</a>–1272 <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henry_III?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henry III">Henry III</a> polnud oma suurima rivaali abistamisest huvitatud, kujuneski sellest vaid prantslaste üritus.</p> <p>Sõda algas Louis'le edukalt, ta vallutas <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Damietta&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Damietta (pole veel kirjutatud)">Damietta</a> linna <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Niilus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Niilus">Niiluse</a> suudmes, kuid hiljem takerdusid ta väed lõuna pool jõe soodesse ning kuningas ise langes vangi. Pärast pikki läbirääkimisi vabastati ta Damietta ning suure rahasumma loovutamise hinnaga ning järgnevalt suundus ta <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palestiina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palestiina">Palestiinasse</a>, kus asusid <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeruusalemma_kuningriik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeruusalemma kuningriik">Jeruusalemma kuningriigi</a> jäänukid, <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ristis%C3%B5dijate_riigid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ristisõdijate riigid">kristlaste hertsogi- ja krahviriigid</a>. Seal viibis Louis 4 aastat (<a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1250?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1250">1250</a>–1254), lüües tagasi <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moslem?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Moslem">moslemite</a> rünnakud ning kindlustades linnu. <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeruusalemm?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeruusalemm">Jeruusalemma</a> vallutada tal siiski ei õnnestunud. 1254 otsustas ta Prantsusmaale naasta, kuna tema äraoleku ajal taas regendiks olnud Blanche oli surnud ja tema vennad kemplesid riigis võimu pärast. Järgnevalt viis Louis läbi mitu riiki tsentraliseerivat ja kohtureformi.</p> <p><a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1270?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1270">1270</a>. aastal asus ta uuele ristiretkele. <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaheksas_ristis%C3%B5da?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kaheksas ristisõda">Kaheksas ristisõda</a> leidis aset <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tuneesia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tuneesia">Tuneesias</a>, kus Louis IX aga samal aastal <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Katk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Katk">katku</a> või <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%BCsenteeria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Düsenteeria">düsenteeriasse</a> suri.</p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 0.5em auto; clear: both; font-size:95%; text-align:center"> <tbody> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <td width="30%">Eelnev<br><b><a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis_VIII?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louis VIII">Louis VIII</a></b></td> <td width="40%"><b><a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prantsusmaa_kuningas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prantsusmaa kuningas">Prantsusmaa kuningas</a></b><br><a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1226?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1226">1226</a>–<a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1270?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1270">1270</a></td> <td width="30%">Järgnev<br><b><a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippe_III?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philippe III">Philippe III</a></b></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Vaata_ka">Vaata ka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Louis_IX&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muuda alaosa "Vaata ka"" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>muuda</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <ul> <li><a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_de_Rubruck&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Wilhelm de Rubruck (pole veel kirjutatud)">Wilhelm de Rubruck</a> (u 1220 – u 1293), Louis IX püha saadik <a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mongolite_riik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mongolite riik">Mongolite riigis</a> (<a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1253?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1253">1253</a>–<a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1255?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1255">1255</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Keskaegne_Prantsusmaa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#P%C3%BCha_Louis" title="Keskaegne Prantsusmaa">Keskaegne Prantsusmaa#Püha Louis</a></li> <li><a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapetingide_d%C3%BCnastia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kapetingide dünastia">Kapetingide dünastia</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Välislingid"><span id="V.C3.A4lislingid"></span>Välislingid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Louis_IX&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muuda alaosa "Välislingid"" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>muuda</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6724296">.mw-parser-output table.side-box{margin:4px 0;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output th.side-box-text,.mw-parser-output td.side-box-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output td.side-box-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output td.side-box-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.side-box a>img{max-width:none!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output table.side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output table.side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output table.side-box-left{margin-right:1em;border-collapse:collapse}}</style> <table role="presentation" class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fail:Commons-logo.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 40px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="30" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td class="side-box-text">Pildid, videod ja helifailid Commonsis: <b><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louis_IX_of_France?uselang%3Det">Louis IX</a></b></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=mobile" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Pärit leheküljelt "<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DLouis_IX%26oldid%3D6357013">https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Louis_IX&oldid=6357013</a>" </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://et-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Louis_IX&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="PikseBot" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1679767006"> <span>Lehekülje viimane muutmine: 25. märts 2023, 19:56</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Keeled</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lodewyk_IX_van_Frankryk" title="Lodewyk IX van Frankryk – afrikaani" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Lodewyk IX van Frankryk" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_IX._(Frankreich)" title="Ludwig IX. (Frankreich) – šveitsisaksa" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ludwig IX. (Frankreich)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="šveitsisaksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D9%258A%25D8%25B3_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D8%25B9" title="لويس التاسع – araabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لويس التاسع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lo%25C3%25ADs_IX_de_Francia" title="Loís IX de Francia – aragoni" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Loís IX de Francia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lluis_IX_de_Francia" title="Lluis IX de Francia – astuuria" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Lluis IX de Francia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astuuria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_L%25C3%25BCdovik" title="IX Lüdovik – aserbaidžaani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="IX Lüdovik" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbaidžaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AF%25D9%2588%25D9%2582%25D9%2582%25D9%2588%25D8%25B2%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25D8%25AC%25D9%2588_%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D8%25A6%25DB%258C" title="دوققوزونجو لوئی – lõunaaserbaidžaani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دوققوزونجو لوئی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="lõunaaserbaidžaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX_dari_Prancis" title="Louis IX dari Prancis – indoneesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Louis IX dari Prancis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX_dari_Perancis" title="Louis IX dari Perancis – malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Louis IX dari Perancis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_9-s%25C3%25A8" title="Louis 9-sè – lõunamini" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Louis 9-sè" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="lõunamini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D1%258E%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D1%2596%25D0%25BA_IX_(%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%258C_%25D0%25A4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D1%258B%25D1%2596)" title="Людовік IX (кароль Францыі) – valgevene" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Людовік IX (кароль Францыі)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="valgevene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luj_IX,_kralj_Francuske" title="Luj IX, kralj Francuske – bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Luj IX, kralj Francuske" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loeiz_IX_(Bro-C%2527hall)" title="Loeiz IX (Bro-C'hall) – bretooni" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Loeiz IX (Bro-C'hall)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretooni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D1%2583%25D0%25B8_IX" title="Луи IX – bulgaaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Луи IX" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llu%25C3%25ADs_IX_de_Fran%25C3%25A7a" title="Lluís IX de França – katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lluís IX de França" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D1%258E%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA_IX" title="Людовик IX – tšuvaši" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Людовик IX" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tšuvaši" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludv%25C3%25ADk_IX._Francouzsk%25C3%25BD" title="Ludvík IX. Francouzský – tšehhi" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ludvík IX. Francouzský" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšehhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX,_brenin_Ffrainc" title="Louis IX, brenin Ffrainc – kõmri" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Louis IX, brenin Ffrainc" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="kõmri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_den_Hellige" title="Ludvig den Hellige – taani" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ludvig den Hellige" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="taani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_IX._(Frankreich)" title="Ludwig IX. (Frankreich) – saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ludwig IX. (Frankreich)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%259B%25CE%25BF%25CF%2585%25CE%25B4%25CE%25BF%25CE%25B2%25CE%25AF%25CE%25BA%25CE%25BF%25CF%2582_%25CE%2598%25CE%2584_%25CF%2584%25CE%25B7%25CF%2582_%25CE%2593%25CE%25B1%25CE%25BB%25CE%25BB%25CE%25AF%25CE%25B1%25CF%2582" title="Λουδοβίκος Θ΄ της Γαλλίας – kreeka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λουδοβίκος Θ΄ της Γαλλίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="kreeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX_of_France" title="Louis IX of France – inglise" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Louis IX of France" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_IX_de_Francia" title="Luis IX de Francia – hispaania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Luis IX de Francia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludoviko_la_9-a_(Francio)" title="Ludoviko la 9-a (Francio) – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ludoviko la 9-a (Francio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_IX.a_Frantziakoa" title="Luis IX.a Frantziakoa – baski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Luis IX.a Frantziakoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D8%25A6%25DB%258C_%25D9%2586%25D9%2587%25D9%2585" title="لوئی نهم – pärsia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لوئی نهم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="pärsia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="eeskujulik artikkel"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX" title="Louis IX – prantsuse" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Louis IX" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prantsuse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX_na_Fraince" title="Louis IX na Fraince – iiri" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Louis IX na Fraince" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lois_IX_de_Francia" title="Lois IX de Francia – galeegi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lois IX de Francia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galeegi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EB%25A3%25A8%25EC%259D%25B4_9%25EC%2584%25B8" title="루이 9세 – korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="루이 9세" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25BC%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25AB_IX_%25D5%258D%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D6%2580%25D5%25A2" title="Լուի IX Սուրբ – armeenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լուի IX Սուրբ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luj_IX.,_kralj_Francuske" title="Luj IX., kralj Francuske – horvaadi" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Luj IX., kralj Francuske" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_la_9ma_di_Francia" title="Louis la 9ma di Francia – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Louis la 9ma di Francia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lo%25C3%25B0v%25C3%25ADk_9." title="Loðvík 9. – islandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Loðvík 9." data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="hea artikkel"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luigi_IX_di_Francia" title="Luigi IX di Francia – itaalia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Luigi IX di Francia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itaalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%259C%25D7%2595%25D7%2590%25D7%2599_%25D7%2594%25D7%25AA%25D7%25A9%25D7%2599%25D7%25A2%25D7%2599,_%25D7%259E%25D7%259C%25D7%259A_%25D7%25A6%25D7%25A8%25D7%25A4%25D7%25AA" title="לואי התשיעי, מלך צרפת – heebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לואי התשיעי, מלך צרפת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="heebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX_saka_Perancis" title="Louis IX saka Perancis – jaava" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Louis IX saka Perancis" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jaava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%2598_IX" title="ლუი IX – gruusia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლუი IX" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%25D0%259B%25D1%2583%25D0%25B8" title="IX Луи – kasahhi" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="IX Луи" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasahhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludoviko_IX" title="Ludoviko IX – suahiili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ludoviko IX" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahiili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX_(gazik_ke_Franca)" title="Louis IX (gazik ke Franca) – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Louis IX (gazik ke Franca)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovicus_IX_(rex_Francorum)" title="Ludovicus IX (rex Francorum) – ladina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ludovicus IX (rex Francorum)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ladina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luijs_IX" title="Luijs IX – läti" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Luijs IX" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="läti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liudvikas_IX_%25C5%25A0ventasis" title="Liudvikas IX Šventasis – leedu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Liudvikas IX Šventasis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="leedu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX._Lajos_francia_kir%25C3%25A1ly" title="IX. Lajos francia király – ungari" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="IX. Lajos francia király" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D1%2583%25D1%2598_IX_%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582" title="Луј IX Светиот – makedoonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Луј IX Светиот" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedoonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AB%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%259A%25E0%25A4%25BE_%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE_%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%2588" title="फ्रान्सचा नववा लुई – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="फ्रान्सचा नववा लुई" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%2598_IX" title="ლუი IX – megreli" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლუი IX" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="megreli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D9%258A%25D8%25B3_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D8%25B9" title="لويس التاسع – Egiptuse araabia" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لويس التاسع" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egiptuse araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lhu%25C3%25ADs_IX_de_Fr%25C3%25A1ncia" title="Lhuís IX de Fráncia – miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Lhuís IX de Fráncia" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%25D0%259B%25D1%2583%25D0%25B8" title="IX Луи – mongoli" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="IX Луи" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lodewijk_IX_van_Frankrijk" title="Lodewijk IX van Frankrijk – hollandi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lodewijk IX van Frankrijk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2583%25AB%25E3%2582%25A49%25E4%25B8%2596_(%25E3%2583%2595%25E3%2583%25A9%25E3%2583%25B3%25E3%2582%25B9%25E7%258E%258B)" title="ルイ9世 (フランス王) – jaapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルイ9世 (フランス王)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="jaapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_IX_av_Frankrike" title="Ludvig IX av Frankrike – norra bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ludvig IX av Frankrike" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norra bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX_de_Fraunce" title="Louis IX de Fraunce – Normandia" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Louis IX de Fraunce" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Normandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lo%25C3%25ADs_IX_de_Fran%25C3%25A7a" title="Loís IX de França – oksitaani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Loís IX de França" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX_Avliyo" title="Louis IX Avliyo – usbeki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Louis IX Avliyo" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D8%25A6%25DB%258C_%25D9%2586%25DB%2581%25D9%2585" title="لوئی نہم – lahnda" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لوئی نہم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="lahnda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX" title="Louis IX – pikardi" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Louis IX" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="pikardi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_IX_%25C5%259Awi%25C4%2599ty" title="Ludwik IX Święty – poola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ludwik IX Święty" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%25C3%25ADs_IX_de_Fran%25C3%25A7a" title="Luís IX de França – portugali" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Luís IX de França" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovic_al_IX-lea_al_Fran%25C8%259Bei" title="Ludovic al IX-lea al Franței – rumeenia" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ludovic al IX-lea al Franței" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D1%258E%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA_IX" title="Людовик IX – vene" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Людовик IX" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="vene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luisi_IX" title="Luisi IX – sardi" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Luisi IX" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luiggi_IX_di_Francia" title="Luiggi IX di Francia – sitsiilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Luiggi IX di Francia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sitsiilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX_of_France" title="Louis IX of France – lihtsustatud inglise" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Louis IX of France" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="lihtsustatud inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25BDudov%25C3%25ADt_IX._(Franc%25C3%25BAzsko)" title="Ľudovít IX. (Francúzsko) – slovaki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ľudovít IX. (Francúzsko)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvik_IX._Francoski" title="Ludvik IX. Francoski – sloveeni" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ludvik IX. Francoski" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D1%2583%25D1%2598_IX_%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8" title="Луј IX Свети – serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Луј IX Свети" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX_od_Francuske" title="Louis IX od Francuske – serbia-horvaadi" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Louis IX od Francuske" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbia-horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_IX_(Ranska)" title="Ludvig IX (Ranska) – soome" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ludvig IX (Ranska)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="soome" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_IX_av_Frankrike" title="Ludvig IX av Frankrike – rootsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ludvig IX av Frankrike" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="rootsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX_ng_Pransiya" title="Louis IX ng Pransiya – tagalogi" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Louis IX ng Pransiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalogi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%259E%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B0%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%2588%25E0%25B9%2589%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25AB%25E0%25B8%25A5%25E0%25B8%25B8%25E0%25B8%25A2%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B9%258C%25E0%25B8%2597%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B9%2588_9_%25E0%25B9%2581%25E0%25B8%25AB%25E0%25B9%2588%25E0%25B8%2587%25E0%25B8%259D%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B9%2588%25E0%25B8%2587%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25A8%25E0%25B8%25AA" title="พระเจ้าหลุยส์ที่ 9 แห่งฝรั่งเศส – tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พระเจ้าหลุยส์ที่ 9 แห่งฝรั่งเศส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX_c%25E1%25BB%25A7a_Ph%25C3%25A1p" title="Louis IX của Pháp – vietnami" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Louis IX của Pháp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX._Louis" title="IX. Louis – türgi" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="IX. Louis" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="türgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D1%258E%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA_IX_%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B2%25D1%258F%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9" title="Людовик IX Святий – ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Людовик IX Святий" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D8%25A6%25DB%258C_%25D9%2586%25DB%2581%25D9%2585_%25D8%25B4%25D8%25A7%25DB%2581_%25D9%2581%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D8%25B3" title="لوئی نہم شاہ فرانس – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لوئی نہم شاہ فرانس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX_van_Vrankryk" title="Louis IX van Vrankryk – lääneflaami" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Louis IX van Vrankryk" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="lääneflaami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX_han_Fransya" title="Louis IX han Fransya – varai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Louis IX han Fransya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%25B7%25AF%25E6%2598%2593%25E4%25B9%259D%25E4%25B8%2596%25EF%25BC%2588%25E6%25B3%2595%25E5%2585%25B0%25E8%25A5%25BF%25EF%25BC%2589" title="路易九世（法兰西） – uu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="路易九世（法兰西）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="uu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_9k_il%25E1%25BA%25B9%25CC%2580_Fr%25C3%25A1ns%25C3%25AC" title="Louis 9k ilẹ̀ Fránsì – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Louis 9k ilẹ̀ Fránsì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%25B7%25AF%25E6%2598%2593%25E4%25B9%259D%25E4%25B8%2596" title="路易九世 – kantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="路易九世" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%25B7%25AF%25E6%2598%2593%25E4%25B9%259D%25E4%25B8%2596_(%25E6%25B3%2595%25E5%2585%25B0%25E8%25A5%25BF)" title="路易九世 (法兰西) – hiina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="路易九世 (法兰西)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="hiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-et.svg" 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