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class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_si.wikipedia.org&uselang=si" class=""><span>පරිත්‍යාග</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8_%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%A7&returnto=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="ඔබ ගිණුමක් තනා පිවිසෙන්නේ නම් මැනවි; කෙසේ වුවත්, එය අනිවාර්ය නොවේ." class=""><span>ගිණුමක් තනන්න</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%BA&returnto=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="අඩවියට පිවිසීමට ඔබව දිරිගැන්වේ. එහෙත් පිවිසීම අනිවාර්ය නොවේ. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>පිවිසෙන්න</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="පුද්ගලික මෙවලම්" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">පුද්ගලික මෙවලම්</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_si.wikipedia.org&uselang=si"><span>පරිත්‍යාග</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8_%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%A7&returnto=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="ඔබ ගිණුමක් තනා පිවිසෙන්නේ නම් මැනවි; කෙසේ වුවත්, එය අනිවාර්ය නොවේ."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ගිණුමක් තනන්න</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%BA&returnto=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="අඩවියට පිවිසීමට ඔබව දිරිගැන්වේ. එහෙත් පිවිසීම අනිවාර්ය නොවේ. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>පිවිසෙන්න</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%94:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BA" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>දායකත්වයන්</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%A0%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A1%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="මෙම අන්තර්ජාල ලිපිනයෙන් කර ඇති සංස්කරණයන් පිළිබඳ සාකච්ඡාව [n]" accesskey="n"><span>සාකච්ඡාව</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Term" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Term"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Term</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Term-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role_and_position" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role_and_position"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Role and position</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role_and_position-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_valide_sultans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_valide_sultans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>List of <span><i>valide sultans</i></span></span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_valide_sultans-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle List of <span><i>valide sultans</i></span> subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_valide_sultans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Exceptional_cases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exceptional_cases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Exceptional cases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exceptional_cases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-බූයුක්_වාලිදේ_සුල්තාන්" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#බූයුක්_වාලිදේ_සුල්තාන්"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>බූයුක් වාලිදේ සුල්තාන්</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-බූයුක්_වාලිදේ_සුල්තාන්-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">වාලිදේ සුල්තාන්</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 43 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">43 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5-%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Валиде-сулҭан – ඇබ්කාසියානු" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Валиде-сулҭан" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="ඇබ්කාසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_Sultan" title="Valide Sultan – ස්විස් ජර්මානු" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Valide Sultan" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="ස්විස් ජර්මානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85" title="السلطانة الأم – අරාබි" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="السلطانة الأم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="අරාබි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valid%C9%99_sultan" title="Validə sultan – අසර්බයිජාන්" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Validə sultan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="අසර්බයිජාන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Валиде султан – බල්ගේරියානු" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Валиде султан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="බල්ගේරියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="ওয়ালিদায়ে সুলতান – බෙංගාලි" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ওয়ালিদায়ে সুলতান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="බෙංගාලි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_Sultan" title="Valide Sultan – බ්‍රේටොන්" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Valide Sultan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="බ්‍රේටොන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_sultan" title="Valide sultan – කැටලන්" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Valide sultan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="කැටලන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_sultan" title="Valide sultan – චෙක්" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Valide sultan" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="චෙක්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_Sultan" title="Valide Sultan – ජර්මන්" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Valide Sultan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ජර්මන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%AD_%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Βαλιδέ σουλτάνα – ග්‍රීක" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βαλιδέ σουλτάνα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ග්‍රීක" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_sultan" title="Valide sultan – ඉංග්‍රීසි" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Valide sultan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ඉංග්‍රීසි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_Sultan" title="Valide Sultan – එස්පැරන්ටෝ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Valide Sultan" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="එස්පැරන්ටෝ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_sultan" title="Valide sultan – ස්පාඤ්ඤ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Valide sultan" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ස්පාඤ්ඤ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86" title="والده سلطان – පර්සියානු" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="والده سلطان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="පර්සියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_Sultan" title="Valide Sultan – ෆින්ලන්ත" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Valide Sultan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ෆින්ලන්ත" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultane_valid%C3%A9" title="Sultane validé – ප්‍රංශ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sultane validé" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ප්‍රංශ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%93%D7%94_%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9F" title="ולידה סולטאן – හීබෲ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ולידה סולטאן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="හීබෲ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A1lide_szult%C3%A1na" title="Válide szultána – හන්ගේරියානු" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Válide szultána" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="හන්ගේරියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A4%D5%A5_%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Վալիդե սուլթան – ආර්මේනියානු" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վալիդե սուլթան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ආර්මේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_Sultan" title="Valide Sultan – ඉන්දුනීසියානු" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Valide Sultan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ඉන්දුනීසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_Sultan" title="Valide Sultan – ඉතාලි" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Valide Sultan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ඉතාලි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sult%C4%81ne_m%C4%81te" title="Sultāne māte – ලැට්වියානු" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sultāne māte" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ලැට්වියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Валиде султан – මැසිඩෝනියානු" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Валиде султан" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="මැසිඩෝනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_sultan" title="Valide sultan – ලන්දේසි" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Valide sultan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ලන්දේසි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_sultan" title="Valide sultan – නෝර්වීජියානු නයිනෝර්ස්ක්" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Valide sultan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="නෝර්වීජියානු නයිනෝර්ස්ක්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Validesultan" title="Validesultan – නෝර්වීජියානු බොක්මල්" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Validesultan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="නෝර්වීජියානු බොක්මල්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_sultan" title="Valide sultan – පෝලන්ත" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Valide sultan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="පෝලන්ත" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%81_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86" title="والدہ سلطان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="والدہ سلطان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_sultana" title="Valide sultana – පෘතුගීසි" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Valide sultana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="පෘතුගීසි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Validea" title="Validea – රොමේනියානු" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Validea" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="රොමේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5-%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Валиде-султан – රුසියානු" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Валиде-султан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="රුසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_sultanija" title="Valide sultanija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Valide sultanija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A1lide_sult%C3%A1n" title="Válide sultán – ස්ලෝවැක්" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Válide sultán" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="ස්ලෝවැක්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_sultan" title="Valide sultan – ස්ලෝවේනියානු" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Valide sultan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="ස්ලෝවේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_Sulltana" title="Valide Sulltana – ඇල්බේනියානු" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Valide Sulltana" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="ඇල්බේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_sultan" title="Valide sultan – සර්බියානු" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Valide sultan" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="සර්බියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_sultan" title="Valide sultan – ස්වීඩන්" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Valide sultan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ස්වීඩන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valide_sultan" title="Valide sultan – තුර්කි" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Valide sultan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="තුර්කි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B5-%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Валіде-султан (титул) – යුක්රේනියානු" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Валіде-султан (титул)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="යුක්රේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%81_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86" title="والدہ سلطان – උර්දු" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="والدہ سلطان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="උර්දු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volida_Sulton" title="Volida Sulton – උස්බෙක්" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Volida Sulton" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="උස්බෙක්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E7%9A%87%E5%A4%AA%E5%90%8E" title="蘇丹皇太后 – චීන" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="蘇丹皇太后" 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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="si" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r723616">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:344px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:Translation_arrow_Si.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/si/thumb/6/65/Translation_arrow_Si.svg/60px-Translation_arrow_Si.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/si/thumb/6/65/Translation_arrow_Si.svg/90px-Translation_arrow_Si.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/si/thumb/6/65/Translation_arrow_Si.svg/120px-Translation_arrow_Si.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><big><b>මෙම ලිපිය පරිවර්තනය කළ යුතුය</b></big> <br /> කරුණාකර මෙම ලිපිය සිංහල භාෂාවට <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F:%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="විකිපීඩියා:පරිවර්තනය">පරිවර්තනය කිරීමෙන්</a> දායකවන්න.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">ඕටමන් අධිරාජ්‍යයේ මව් රැජිණ<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD:SHORTDESC:%E0%B6%95%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="සැකිල්ල:SHORTDESC:ඕටමන් අධිරාජ්‍යයේ මව් රැජිණ (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">සැකිල්ල:SHORTDESC:ඕටමන් අධිරාජ්‍යයේ මව් රැජිණ</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r707528">.mw-parser-output .infobox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-spacing:3px;background-color:#f8f9fa;color:black;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;padding:0.2em;float:right;clear:right;font-size:88%;line-height:1.5em;width:25em}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output 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title="ඕටමන් අධිරාජ්‍යය">ඕටමන් අධිරාජ්‍යයේ</a><br />වාලිදේ සුල්තාන්</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:BustOfAyseHafsaSultan_ManisaTurkey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/BustOfAyseHafsaSultan_ManisaTurkey.jpg/220px-BustOfAyseHafsaSultan_ManisaTurkey.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/BustOfAyseHafsaSultan_ManisaTurkey.jpg/330px-BustOfAyseHafsaSultan_ManisaTurkey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/BustOfAyseHafsaSultan_ManisaTurkey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="602" /></a></span></div>තුර්කියේ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="මනිසා (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">මනිසා</a> හි පිහිටි, පළමු <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><span lang="tr">වාලිදේ සුල්තාන්</span></span>වූ, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%86%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A_(%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A_I_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B3)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="හෆ්සා සුල්තාන් (සෙලීම් I ගේ බිරිඳ) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">හෆ්සා සුල්තාන්</a> ගේ පිළිරුව</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%BA_(%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA_)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="විලාසය (හදුන්වන අකාරය ) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">විලාසය</a></th><td class="infobox-data">වාලිදේ සුල්තානෙෆෙන්දි, මව් රැජිණ</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD_%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="නිල නිවස (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">නිල නිවස</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%B4_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="ටොප්කප මාලිගාව">ටොප්කප මාලිගාව</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A0%E0%B7%99_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="දොල්මාබහ්චෙ මාලිගාව (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">දොල්මාබහ්චෙ මාලිගාව</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="යල්දස් මාලිගාව (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">යල්දස් මාලිගාව</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">තනතුර ඇතිකල දිනය</th><td class="infobox-data">1520 සැප්තැම්බර් 30</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">මුලින්ම තනතුර දැරූයේ</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%86%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A_(%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A_I_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B3)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="හෆ්සා සුල්තාන් (සෙලීම් I ගේ බිරිඳ) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">හෆ්සා සුල්තාන්</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">අවසන් වරට තනතුර දැරූයේ</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%99_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%99%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="රහීමෙ පෙරෙස්තු සුල්තාන් (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">රහීමෙ පෙරෙස්තු සුල්තාන්</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">තනතුර අහෝසිකල දිනය</th><td class="infobox-data">1904 දෙසැම්බර් 11</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Valide sultan</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%95%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="ඕටමන් තුර්කි භාෂාව">ඕටමන් තුර්කි</a>: <span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><i lang="ota" dir="rtl">والده سلطان</i></span>, lit. 'mother sultan') was the title held by the "legal mother" of a ruling <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultan_of_the_Ottoman_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">sultan of the Ottoman Empire</a>. The title was first formally used in the 16th century during Hafsa Sultan's, mother of Sultan Suleyman I, reign, superseding the previous title of <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahd-i_Ulya_(disambiguation)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahd-i Ulya (disambiguation) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">mehd-i ulya</a></i> ("cradle of the great").<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or "the nacre of the pearl of the sultanate".<sup id="cite_ref-Peirce,_Leslie_P_1993_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peirce,_Leslie_P_1993-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Normally, the living mother of a reigning sultan held this title. Those mothers who died before their sons' accession to the throne were never bestowed with the title of <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide sultan</i></span>. In special cases sisters, grandmothers and stepmothers of a reigning sultan assumed the title <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">afifa sultan</i></span>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Term">Term</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=1" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: Term"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word <span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><i lang="ota">valide</i></span> (<span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">والده</span></span>) literally means 'mother' in Ottoman Turkish, from Arabic <span title="අරාබි-language text"><i lang="ar">wālida</i></span>. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_phonology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turkish phonology (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Turkish</a> pronunciation of the word <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide</i></span> is <small></small><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%94:IPA_for_Turkish,_Azerbaijani_and_Turkmen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="උදවු:IPA for Turkish, Azerbaijani and Turkmen (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">[vaː.liˈde]</a></span>. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Sultan</a> (<span title="අරාබි-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">سلطان</span></span>, <span title="අරාබි-language රෝමානුකරණය"><i lang="ar-Latn">sulṭān</i></span>) is an <a href="/wiki/Arabic" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> word originally meaning 'authority' or 'dominion'. By the beginning of the 16th century, this title, carried by both men and women of the Ottoman dynasty, was replacing other titles by which prominent members of the imperial family had been known (notably <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hatun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hatun (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">hatun</a></i> for women and <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bey (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">bey</a></i> for men). Consequently, the title <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide hatun</i></span> (title for living mother of reigning Ottoman sultan before 16th century) also turned into <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide sultan</i></span>. This usage underlines the Ottoman conception of sovereign power as family prerogative. </p><p>Western tradition knows the Ottoman ruler as <i>sultan</i>, but the Ottomans themselves used <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">padişah</i></span> (emperor) or <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">hünkar</i></span> to refer to their ruler. The emperor's formal title consisted of <i>sultan</i> together with <i>khan</i> (for example, Sultan Suleiman Khan). In formal address, the sultan's children were also entitled <i>sultan</i>, with imperial princes (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eehzade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Şehzade (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">şehzade</a>) carrying the title before their given name, with imperial princesses carrying it after. For example, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eehzade_Mehmed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Şehzade Mehmed (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Şehzade Sultan Mehmed</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mihrimah_Sultan_(daughter_of_Suleiman_I)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mihrimah Sultan (daughter of Suleiman I) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mihrimah Sultan</a> were the son and daughter of Suleiman the Magnificent. Like imperial princesses, the living mother and main consort of reigning sultans also carried the title after their given names, for example, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafsa_Sultan_(wife_of_Selim_I)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hafsa Sultan (wife of Selim I) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Hafsa Sultan</a>, Suleiman's mother and first <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide sultan</i></span>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roxelana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roxelana (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Hürrem Sultan</a>, Suleiman's chief consort and first <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haseki_sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haseki sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">haseki sultan</a></i>. The evolving usage of this title reflected power shifts among imperial women, especially between the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultanate_of_Women&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sultanate of Women (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Sultanate of Women</a>, as the position of main consort eroded over the course of 17th century, the main consort lost the title <i>sultan</i>, which replaced by <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">kadïn</i></span>, a title related to the earlier <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">khatun</i></span>. Henceforth, the mother of the reigning sultan was the only person of non-imperial blood to carry the title <i>sultan</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Role_and_position">Role and position</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=2" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: Role and position"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:De_sultane-moeder.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/De_sultane-moeder.jpeg/225px-De_sultane-moeder.jpeg" decoding="async" width="225" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/De_sultane-moeder.jpeg/338px-De_sultane-moeder.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/De_sultane-moeder.jpeg/450px-De_sultane-moeder.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="736" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>An eighteenth-century painting of a <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide sultan</i></span> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Baptiste_Vanmour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Baptiste Vanmour (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Jean Baptiste Vanmour</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">Valide sultan</i></span> was, in most cases, the most important position in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ottoman_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ottoman Empire (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Ottoman Empire</a> after the sultan himself. As the mother to the sultan, by <a href="/wiki/Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam">Islamic</a> tradition ("A mother's right is God's right"),<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide sultan</i></span> would have a significant influence on the affairs of the empire. She had great power in the court and her own rooms (always adjacent to her son's) and state staff.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The valide sultan had quarters within the New Palace, where the Sultan himself resided, beginning in the 16th century. As the Valide sultan (Sultana mother), who had direct and intimate access to the Sultan's person, often influenced government decisions bypassing the Imperial Council and the Grand Vizier altogether or the grille-covered window from which the Sultan or Valide sultan could observe Council meetings. This left her at the heart of the political ongoings and machinations of the Ottoman Empire. <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">Valide sultan</i></span> also traditionally had access to considerable economic resources and often funded major architectural projects, such as the Atik Valide Mosque Complex in Istanbul. Many valide sultans undertook massive philanthropic endeavors and buildings, as this was seen as one of the main ways to demonstrate influence and wealth. Valide sultans were also conveniently one of the few people within the empire with the station and means to embark on these expensive projects. Nurbanu Sultan’s daily stipend as valide sultan to her son, Murad III, was 2000 aspers, an extraordinary sum for the time, which revealed the highly influential position valide sultans held at court. The valide sultan also maintained special privileges that other harem members could not participate in. A valide sultan was not subject to sole seclusion within the confines of the palace. She had mobility outside of the harem, sometimes through ceremonial visibility to the public or veiled meetings with government officials and diplomats. Additionally, the valide sultan spearheaded one of the most crucial elements of diplomacy within the Ottoman Empire’s court: marriages of royal princesses. The most powerful and influential valide sultans had multiple daughters, with whom they forged crucial alliances through by marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-Peirce_1993_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peirce_1993-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 17th century, in a period known as the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultanate_of_Women&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sultanate of Women (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Sultanate of Women</a>, a series of incompetent or child sultans raised the role of the <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide sultan</i></span> to new heights. Various Valide sultans acted as regents for their sons, assuming the vast power and influence the position entailed.<sup id="cite_ref-Peirce,_Leslie_P_1993_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peirce,_Leslie_P_1993-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The most powerful and well-known of all <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide sultans</i></span> in the history of the Ottoman Empire were <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mihrimah_Sultan_(daughter_of_Suleiman_I)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mihrimah Sultan (daughter of Suleiman I) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mihrimah Sultan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nurbanu_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nurbanu Sultan">Nurbanu Sultan</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Peirce_1993_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peirce_1993-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Safiye_Sultan_(wife_of_Murad_III)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Safiye Sultan (wife of Murad III) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Safiye Sultan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%B6sem_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kösem Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Kösem Sultan</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turhan_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turhan Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Turhan Sultan</a>. </p><p>Sultan Nurbanu Sultan became the first of the great valide sultans during the sixteenth century, as haseki and legal wife to Sultan Selim II. Nurbanu’s influential career as valide sultan established the precedent of valide sultan maintaining more power than her nearest harem rival, the haseki, or favorite concubine of the reigning sultan. The following influential valide sultans, Safiye Sultan, Kösem Sultan and Turhan Sultan, maintained this precedent and occupied positions of extreme power within the Ottoman imperial court. These positions helped them solidify their own power within the imperial court and ease diplomatic tensions on a broader, international scale.<sup id="cite_ref-Peirce_1993_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peirce_1993-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurrem_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hurrem Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Hurrem Sultan</a> died before her son, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Selim_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selim II (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Selim II</a>, became Sultan she never became a <i>valide sultan</i>. In an extremely rare case in Ottoman history, Selim II bestowed the title of v<i>alide sultan</i> upon his older sister, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mihrimah_Sultan_(daughter_of_Suleiman_I)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mihrimah Sultan (daughter of Suleiman I) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mihrimah Sultan</a>. It became the only incident in Ottoman history that a <i>valide sultan</i> was a member of the Ottoman royal family, thus reflecting Mihrimah's power. </p><p>Most harem women who were slaves were never formally married to the sultans. Nevertheless, their children were <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umm_walad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umm walad (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">considered fully legitimate</a> under <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sharia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sharia (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Islamic law</a> if recognized by the father.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_valide_sultans">List of <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide sultans</i></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=3" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: List of valide sultans"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The list does not include the complete <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_mothers_of_the_Ottoman_sultans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of mothers of the Ottoman sultans (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">list of mothers of the Ottoman sultans</a>. Most who held the title of <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide sultan</i></span> were the biological mothers of the reigning sultans. The mothers who died before their sons' accession to throne, never assumed the title of <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide sultan</i></span>, like <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurrem_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hurrem Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Hurrem Sultan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahfiruz_Hatun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahfiruz Hatun (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mahfiruz Hatice Sultan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muazzez_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muazzez Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Muazzez Sultan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mihri%C5%9Fah_Kad%C4%B1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mihrişah Kadın (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mihrişah Kadın</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eermi_Kad%C4%B1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Şermi Kadın (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Şermi Kadın</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tirim%C3%BCjgan_Kad%C4%B1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tirimüjgan Kadın (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Tirimüjgan Kadın</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%BClcemal_Kad%C4%B1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gülcemal Kadın (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Gülcemal Kadın</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%BCl%C3%BCst%C3%BC_Han%C4%B1m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gülüstü Hanım (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Gülüstü Hanım</a>. In special cases, there were grandmothers, stepmothers, and sisters of the reigning sultans who assumed the role, if not the title, of <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide sultan</i></span>, like <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%B6sem_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kösem Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Kösem Sultan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mihrimah_Sultan_(daughter_of_Suleiman_I)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mihrimah Sultan (daughter of Suleiman I) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mihrimah Sultan</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perestu_Kad%C4%B1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perestu Kadın (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Perestu Kadın</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Appearance </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Maiden name </th> <th>Origin </th> <th>Became <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide</i></span> </th> <th>Ceased to be <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide</i></span> </th> <th>Death </th> <th>Sultan(s) </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:138822043_khafsa_gashenaya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/138822043_khafsa_gashenaya.jpg/120px-138822043_khafsa_gashenaya.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/138822043_khafsa_gashenaya.jpg/180px-138822043_khafsa_gashenaya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/138822043_khafsa_gashenaya.jpg/240px-138822043_khafsa_gashenaya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="479" data-file-height="699" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafsa_Sultan_(wife_of_Selim_I)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hafsa Sultan (wife of Selim I) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Hafsa Sultan</a><br /><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">حفصه سلطان</span></span></td> <td align="center">unknown</td> <td align="center">Daughter of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Crimean_Khanate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crimean Khanate (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Crimean Khan</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Me%C3%B1li_I_Giray&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meñli I Giray (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Meñli I Giray</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or more likely a Christian slave<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">30 September 1520<br /><i>son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center" colspan="2">19 March 1534</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suleiman_the_Magnificent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suleiman the Magnificent (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Suleiman I</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"> </td> <td colspan="6"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurrem_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hurrem Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Hurrem Sultan</a> has died before Selim became sultan </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selim_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selim II (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Selim II</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:Portrait_of_Mihrimah_Sultan_or_a_lady_dressed_up_to_look_like_her.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Portrait_of_Mihrimah_Sultan_or_a_lady_dressed_up_to_look_like_her.jpg/139px-Portrait_of_Mihrimah_Sultan_or_a_lady_dressed_up_to_look_like_her.jpg" decoding="async" width="139" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Portrait_of_Mihrimah_Sultan_or_a_lady_dressed_up_to_look_like_her.jpg/208px-Portrait_of_Mihrimah_Sultan_or_a_lady_dressed_up_to_look_like_her.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Portrait_of_Mihrimah_Sultan_or_a_lady_dressed_up_to_look_like_her.jpg/277px-Portrait_of_Mihrimah_Sultan_or_a_lady_dressed_up_to_look_like_her.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="2451" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Nurbanu_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nurbanu Sultan">Nurbanu Sultan</a><br /><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">نور بانو سلطان</span></span></td> <td align="center">Cecilia Venier-Baffo<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or<br />Rachel<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">Venetian or Jew or Greek</td> <td align="center">15 December 1574<br /><i>son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center" colspan="2">7 December 1583</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murad_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murad III (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Murad III</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:Safiye_sultan_l.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Safiye_sultan_l.jpg/133px-Safiye_sultan_l.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Safiye_sultan_l.jpg/199px-Safiye_sultan_l.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Safiye_sultan_l.jpg/265px-Safiye_sultan_l.jpg 2x" data-file-width="518" data-file-height="656" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Safiye_Sultan_(wife_of_Murad_III)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Safiye Sultan (wife of Murad III) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Safiye Sultan</a><br /><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">صفیه سلطان</span></span></td> <td align="center">Sofia</td> <td align="center">Albanian</td> <td align="center">15 January 1595<br /><i>son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center">22 December 1603<br /><i>son's death</i></td> <td align="center">10 November 1618</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehmed_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mehmed III (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mehmed III</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Handan_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Handan Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Handan Sultan</a><br /><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">خندان سلطان</span></span></td> <td align="center">unknown<sup id="cite_ref-ald83_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ald83-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or probably Helena<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">unknown or probably Bosnian<sup id="cite_ref-ald83_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ald83-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">22 December 1603<br /><i>son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center" colspan="2">9 November 1605</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmed_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmed I (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Ahmed I</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halime_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Halime Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Halime Sultan</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">حلیمه سلطان</span></span></td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">unknown</td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">Abkhaz</td> <td align="center">22 November 1617<br /><i>son's ascension</i><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(first tenure)</span> </td> <td align="center">26 February 1618<br /><i>son's deposition</i><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(first tenure)</span> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">1623</td> <td rowspan="2" align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustafa_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mustafa I (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mustafa I</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">19 May 1622<br /><i>son's reinstatement</i><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(second tenure)</span> </td> <td align="center">10 September 1623<br /><i>son's deposition</i><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(second tenure)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"> </td> <td colspan="6"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahfiruz_Hatun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahfiruz Hatun (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mahfiruz Hatice Sultan</a> has died before osman became sultan </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osman_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osman II (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Osman II</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:K%C3%B6szem_szult%C3%A1na.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/K%C3%B6szem_szult%C3%A1na.jpg/147px-K%C3%B6szem_szult%C3%A1na.jpg" decoding="async" width="147" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/K%C3%B6szem_szult%C3%A1na.jpg/221px-K%C3%B6szem_szult%C3%A1na.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/K%C3%B6szem_szult%C3%A1na.jpg/295px-K%C3%B6szem_szult%C3%A1na.jpg 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="637" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%B6sem_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kösem Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Kösem Sultan</a><br /><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">ماه پیکر كوسم سلطان</span></span></td> <td align="center">Anastasia</td> <td align="center">Greek. Born on Tinos, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Venice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Republic of Venice (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Republic of Venice</a></td> <td align="center">10 September 1623<br /><i>son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center">12 August 1648 <br /><i>son's death</i></td> <td align="center">2 September 1651</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murad_IV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murad IV (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Murad IV</a> (son)<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibrahim_of_the_Ottoman_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Ibrahim</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:Turhan_Hatice.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Turhan_Hatice.jpg/149px-Turhan_Hatice.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Turhan_Hatice.jpg/224px-Turhan_Hatice.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Turhan_Hatice.jpg/298px-Turhan_Hatice.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1588" data-file-height="1928" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turhan_Hatice_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turhan Hatice Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Turhan Sultan</a> <p><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">ترخان خدیجه سلطان</span></span> </p> </td> <td align="center">Nadya</td> <td align="center">Ukraine<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">2 September 1651<br /><i>son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center" colspan="2">4 August 1683</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehmed_IV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mehmed IV (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mehmed IV</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C5%9Fub_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aşub Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Aşub Sultan</a> <p><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">صالحه دل آشوب سلطان</span></span> </p> </td> <td align="center">Katarina<sup id="cite_ref-ald83_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ald83-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">unknown<sup id="cite_ref-ald83_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ald83-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or probably Serbian</td> <td align="center">8 November 1687<br /><i>son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center" colspan="2">4 December 1689</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suleiman_II_of_the_Ottoman_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suleiman II of the Ottoman Empire (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Suleiman II</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:Emetullah_Rabia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Emetullah_Rabia.jpg/142px-Emetullah_Rabia.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Emetullah_Rabia.jpg/214px-Emetullah_Rabia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Emetullah_Rabia.jpg/284px-Emetullah_Rabia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="680" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emetullah_Rabia_G%C3%BClnu%C5%9F_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emetullah Rabia Gülnuş Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Rabia Gülnuş Sultan</a> <p><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">رابعه گلنوش سلطان</span></span> </p> </td> <td align="center">Evmania Voria</td> <td align="center">Greek</td> <td align="center">6 February 1695<br /><i>son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center" colspan="2">6 November 1715</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustafa_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mustafa II (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mustafa II</a> (son)<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmed_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmed III (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Ahmed III</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:Haseki_Sultan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Haseki_Sultan.jpg/147px-Haseki_Sultan.jpg" decoding="async" width="147" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Haseki_Sultan.jpg/221px-Haseki_Sultan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Haseki_Sultan.jpg/294px-Haseki_Sultan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="563" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saliha_Sultan_(wife_of_Mustafa_II)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saliha Sultan (wife of Mustafa II) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Saliha Sultan</a> <p><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">صالحه سلطان</span></span> </p> </td> <td align="center">Elizaveta<sup id="cite_ref-ald83_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ald83-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">unknown<sup id="cite_ref-ald83_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ald83-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Serbian or Greek<sup id="cite_ref-Akyıldız_307–352_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Akyıldız_307–352-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">20 September 1730<br /><i>son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center" colspan="2">21 September 1739</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahmud_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahmud I (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mahmud I</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eehsuvar_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Şehsuvar Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Şehsuvar Sultan</a> <p><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">شهسوار سلطان</span></span> </p> </td> <td align="center">Maria<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">Russian<sup id="cite_ref-ald83_12-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ald83-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or Serbian<sup id="cite_ref-:1_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">13 December 1754<br /><i>son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center" colspan="2">April 1756</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osman_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osman III (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Osman III</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mihri%C5%9Fah_Sultan_(wife_of_Mustafa_III)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mihrişah Sultan (wife of Mustafa III) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mihrişah Sultan</a> <p><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">مهر شاه سلطان</span></span> </p> </td> <td align="center">Agnes<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">Daughter of Georgian Orthodox priest<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">7 April 1789<br /><i>son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center" colspan="2">16 October 1805</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selim_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selim III (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Selim III</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sineperver_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sineperver Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Sineperver Sultan</a> <p><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">سینه پرور سلطان</span></span> </p> </td> <td align="center">unknown</td> <td align="center">Bulgarian, Georgian, or Circassian<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">29 May 1807<br /><i>son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center">28 July 1808<br /><i>son's deposition</i></td> <td align="center">11 December 1828</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustafa_IV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mustafa IV (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mustafa IV</a> (son)<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:Nak%C5%9Fidil.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Nak%C5%9Fidil.JPG/139px-Nak%C5%9Fidil.JPG" decoding="async" width="139" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Nak%C5%9Fidil.JPG/208px-Nak%C5%9Fidil.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Nak%C5%9Fidil.JPG 2x" data-file-width="235" data-file-height="264" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nak%C5%9Fidil_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nakşidil Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Nakşidil Sultan</a> <p><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">نقش دل سلطان</span></span> </p> </td> <td align="center">unknown</td> <td align="center">Georgian</td> <td align="center">28 July 1808<br /><i>son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center" colspan="2">22 August 1817</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahmud_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahmud II (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mahmud II</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bezmi%C3%A2lem_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bezmiâlem Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Bezmiâlem Sultan</a> <p><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">بزم عالم سلطان</span></span> </p> </td> <td align="center">unknown</td> <td align="center">Georgian or Jewish<sup id="cite_ref-:1_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">2 July 1839<br /><i>son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center" colspan="2">2 May 1853</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd%C3%BClmecid_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdülmecid I (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Abdülmecid I</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pertevniyal_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pertevniyal Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Pertevniyal Sultan</a> <p><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">پرتو نهال سلطان</span></span> </p> </td> <td align="center">probably Hasna</td> <td align="center">Kurd or Romanian or Circassian<sup id="cite_ref-Akyıldız_307–352_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Akyıldız_307–352-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">25 June 1861<br /><i>son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center">30 May 1876<br /><i>son's deposition</i></td> <td align="center">5 February 1883</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd%C3%BClaziz_of_the_Ottoman_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdülaziz of the Ottoman Empire (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Abdülaziz I</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eevkefza_Kad%C4%B1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Şevkefza Kadın (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Şevkefza Kadın</a><br /><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">شوق افزا سلطان</span></span></td> <td align="center">probably Vilma</td> <td align="center">Georgian or Circassian<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center">30 May 1876<br /><i>son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center">31 August 1876<br /><i>son's deposition</i></td> <td align="center">17 September 1889</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murad_V&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murad V (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Murad V</a> (son) </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perestu_Kad%C4%B1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perestu Kadın (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Perestu Kadın</a><br /><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">رحيمه پرستو سلطان</span></span></td> <td align="center">probably Rahime Gogen</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ubykh_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ubykh people (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Ubykh</a> princess</td> <td align="center">31 August 1876<br /><i>step-son's ascension</i></td> <td align="center" colspan="2">11 December 1904</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdul_Hamid_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdul Hamid II (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Abdul Hamid II</a> (step-son)<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exceptional_cases">Exceptional cases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=4" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: Exceptional cases"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Normally, the living mother of the reigning sultan held the title of <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide sultan</i></span>. But in exceptional cases, there were women did not exercise valide sultan's duties when their sons became sultan. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Maiden name and origin </th> <th>Son </th> <th>Note </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:Mahfiruz_Hatice_Sultan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Mahfiruz_Hatice_Sultan.png/126px-Mahfiruz_Hatice_Sultan.png" decoding="async" width="126" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Mahfiruz_Hatice_Sultan.png/189px-Mahfiruz_Hatice_Sultan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Mahfiruz_Hatice_Sultan.png/252px-Mahfiruz_Hatice_Sultan.png 2x" data-file-width="423" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahfiruz_Hatun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahfiruz Hatun (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mahfiruz Hatun</a> <p><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">ماہ فروز خاتون</span></span> </p> </td> <td align="center">unknown name, probably Serbian<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osman_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osman II (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Osman II</a> </td> <td>Privy Purse registers no <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide sultan</i></span> during Osman's reign. Apparently, Mahfiruz fell into disfavour, was banished from the palace at some point before Osman's accession, and never recovered her status. Banishment in disgrace would explain both Mahfiruz's absence from the palace and her burial in the popular shrine of Eyüb rather than in her husband's tomb. The Venetian ambassador Contarini reported in 1612 that the sultan, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmed_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmed I (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Ahmed I</a>, had a beating administered to a woman who had irritated Kösem. Perhaps this woman was Mahfiruz.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:Apartments_Valide_Sultan_Topkapi_March_2008pano.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Apartments_Valide_Sultan_Topkapi_March_2008pano.jpg/228px-Apartments_Valide_Sultan_Topkapi_March_2008pano.jpg" decoding="async" width="228" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Apartments_Valide_Sultan_Topkapi_March_2008pano.jpg/342px-Apartments_Valide_Sultan_Topkapi_March_2008pano.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Apartments_Valide_Sultan_Topkapi_March_2008pano.jpg/456px-Apartments_Valide_Sultan_Topkapi_March_2008pano.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1192" data-file-height="1052" /></a><figcaption>Reconstructed scene of a <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">valide sultan</i></span> and her attendants in her apartments at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Topkap%C4%B1_Palace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Topkapı Palace (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Topkapı Palace</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="බූයුක්_වාලිදේ_සුල්තාන්"><span id=".E0.B6.B6.E0.B7.96.E0.B6.BA.E0.B7.94.E0.B6.9A.E0.B7.8A_.E0.B7.80.E0.B7.8F.E0.B6.BD.E0.B7.92.E0.B6.AF.E0.B7.9A_.E0.B7.83.E0.B7.94.E0.B6.BD.E0.B7.8A.E0.B6.AD.E0.B7.8F.E0.B6.B1.E0.B7.8A"></span>බූයුක් වාලිදේ සුල්තාන්</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=5" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: බූයුක් වාලිදේ සුල්තාන්"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The title of Büyük Valide Sultan (Senior Valide Sultan) or Büyükanne Sultan (Grandmother Sultan) was created by <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%B6sem_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kösem Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Kösem Sultan</a> and officially used only by her during the reign of his nephew <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehmed_IV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mehmed IV (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mehmed IV</a>, thus limiting the power of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turhan_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turhan Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Turhan Sultan</a> who was deemed too young to fulfill the title of Valide Sultan. </p><p>The official and unofficials Büyük Valide Sultan that lived in the reign of their grandsons are: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Appearance </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Maiden name </th> <th>Note </th> <th>Became <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">Büyük valide</i></span> </th> <th>Ceased to be <span title="තුර්කි-language text"><i lang="tr">Büyük valide</i></span> </th> <th>Death </th> <th>Sultan(s) </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:Safiye_sultan_l.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Safiye_sultan_l.jpg/133px-Safiye_sultan_l.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Safiye_sultan_l.jpg/199px-Safiye_sultan_l.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Safiye_sultan_l.jpg/265px-Safiye_sultan_l.jpg 2x" data-file-width="518" data-file-height="656" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Safiye_Sultan_(wife_of_Murad_III)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Safiye Sultan (wife of Murad III) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Safiye Sultan</a><br /><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">صفیه سلطان</span></span></td> <td align="center">Sofia</td> <td align="center">She never was Büyük Valide Sultan as official title, but she lived during the reign of her two grandosons (Ahmed and Mustafa) and the reign of her great grandson (Osman)</td> <td align="center"><i>(unofficial)</i>22 December 1603 - her death</td> <td colspan="2" align="center">10 November 1618</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmed_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmed I (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Ahmed I</a> (grandson) <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustafa_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mustafa I (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mustafa I</a> (grandson) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Osman_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osman II (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Osman II</a>(great grandosn) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:K%C3%B6szem_szult%C3%A1na.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/K%C3%B6szem_szult%C3%A1na.jpg/147px-K%C3%B6szem_szult%C3%A1na.jpg" decoding="async" width="147" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/K%C3%B6szem_szult%C3%A1na.jpg/221px-K%C3%B6szem_szult%C3%A1na.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/K%C3%B6szem_szult%C3%A1na.jpg/295px-K%C3%B6szem_szult%C3%A1na.jpg 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="637" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%B6sem_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kösem Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Kösem Sultan</a><br /><span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><span lang="ota" dir="rtl">ماه پیکر كوسم سلطان</span></span></td> <td align="center">Anastasia</td> <td align="center">During the Mehmed IV's accession, she proclaimed herself as Büyük Valide Sultan</td> <td align="center">12 August 1648 – her death</td> <td colspan="2" align="center">2 September 1651</td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehmed_IV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mehmed IV (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mehmed IV</a> (grandson) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=6" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: See also"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Han%C4%B1mefendi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hanımefendi (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Hanımefendi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harem (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Harem</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haseki_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haseki Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Haseki Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kad%C4%B1nefendi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadınefendi (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Kadınefendi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_mothers_of_the_Ottoman_sultans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of mothers of the Ottoman sultans (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">List of mothers of the Ottoman sultans</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Ottoman_titles_and_appellations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Ottoman titles and appellations (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">List of Ottoman titles and appellations</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ottoman_family_tree&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ottoman family tree (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Ottoman family tree</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seraglio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seraglio (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Seraglio</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultana_(title)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sultana (title) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Sultana (title)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=7" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: References"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r688372">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Davis-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Davis_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Davis_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r713704">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFDavis1986" class="citation book cs1">Davis, Fanny (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DTIrK0et4LwC&pg=PA11">"The Valide"</a>. <i>The Ottoman Lady: A Social History from 1718 to 1918</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/0-313-24811-7" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/0-313-24811-7"><bdi>0-313-24811-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Valide&rft.btitle=The+Ottoman+Lady%3A+A+Social+History+from+1718+to+1918&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0-313-24811-7&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Fanny&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDTIrK0et4LwC%26pg%3DPA11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Peirce,_Leslie_P_1993-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Peirce,_Leslie_P_1993_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Peirce,_Leslie_P_1993_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Peirce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leslie Peirce (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Peirce, Leslie P.</a>, <i>The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire</i>, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 1993, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA" title="ජාත්‍යන්තර සම්මත පොත් අංකය">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/0-19-508677-5" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/0-19-508677-5">0-19-508677-5</a> (paperback)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFPeirce1993" class="citation book cs1">Peirce, Leslie P. (1993). <i>The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire</i>. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/0-19-507673-7" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/0-19-507673-7"><bdi>0-19-507673-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Imperial+Harem%3A+Women+and+Sovereignty+in+the+Ottoman+Empire&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-19-507673-7&rft.aulast=Peirce&rft.aufirst=Leslie+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beliefnet.com/Love-Family/Holidays/Mothers-Day/Can-Muslims-Celebrate-Mothers-Day.aspx?p=2#">"Muslims can celebrate Mothers Day because honoring your mother comes right after worshipping God"</a>. Beliefnet.com. 17 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. සම්ප්‍රවේශය <span class="nowrap">15 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muslims+can+celebrate+Mothers+Day+because+honoring+your+mother+comes+right+after+worshipping+God.&rft.pub=Beliefnet.com&rft.date=2011-02-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.beliefnet.com%2FLove-Family%2FHolidays%2FMothers-Day%2FCan-Muslims-Celebrate-Mothers-Day.aspx%3Fp%3D2%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Peirce_1993-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Peirce_1993_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Peirce_1993_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Peirce_1993_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFPeirce1993" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Peirce, Leslie P. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L6-VRgVzRcUC&q=nurbanu&pg=PA147"><i>The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire</i></a> (ඉංග්‍රීසි බසින්). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/9780195086775" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/9780195086775"><bdi>9780195086775</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Imperial+Harem%3A+Women+and+Sovereignty+in+the+Ottoman+Empire&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=9780195086775&rft.aulast=Peirce&rft.aufirst=Leslie+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL6-VRgVzRcUC%26q%3Dnurbanu%26pg%3DPA147&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFMontgomery-Massingberd1980" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hugh_Massingberd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hugh Massingberd (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh</a>, ed. (1980). "The Imperial Family of Turkey". <i>Burke's Royal Families of the World</i>. Vol. II: Africa & the Middle East. London: Burke's Peerage. p. 238. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/978-0-85011-029-6" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/978-0-85011-029-6"><bdi>978-0-85011-029-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Imperial+Family+of+Turkey&rft.btitle=Burke%27s+Royal+Families+of+the+World&rft.place=London&rft.pages=238&rft.pub=Burke%27s+Peerage&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978-0-85011-029-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFKasaba2011" class="citation book cs1">Kasaba, Reşat (July 2011). <i>A moveable empire: Ottoman nomads, migrants, and refugees</i>. University of Washington Press. p. 44. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/978-0-295-80149-0" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/978-0-295-80149-0"><bdi>978-0-295-80149-0</bdi></a>. <q>Hafsa Sultan, the daughter of the Crimean ruler Mengli Giray Khan.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+moveable+empire%3A+Ottoman+nomads%2C+migrants%2C+and+refugees&rft.pages=44&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=2011-07&rft.isbn=978-0-295-80149-0&rft.aulast=Kasaba&rft.aufirst=Re%C5%9Fat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFPeter_G._BietenholzThomas_Brian_Deutscher2003" class="citation book cs1">Peter G. Bietenholz; Thomas Brian Deutscher (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/contemporariesof0000unse_v1-3/page/298"><i>Contemporaries of Erasmus: A Biographical Register of the Renaissance and Reformation, Volumes 1-3</i></a>. University of Toronto Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/contemporariesof0000unse_v1-3/page/298">298</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/978-0-802-08577-1" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/978-0-802-08577-1"><bdi>978-0-802-08577-1</bdi></a>. <q>Suleiman i (Solymannus), known in the West as Suleiman the Magnificent, was the son of *Selim i and Hafsa Sultan, the daughter of Mengli Giray</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contemporaries+of+Erasmus%3A+A+Biographical+Register+of+the+Renaissance+and+Reformation%2C+Volumes+1-3&rft.pages=298&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-802-08577-1&rft.au=Peter+G.+Bietenholz&rft.au=Thomas+Brian+Deutscher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcontemporariesof0000unse_v1-3%2Fpage%2F298&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFAlan_Fisher1993" class="citation book cs1">Alan Fisher (1993). "The Life and Family of Suleyman I". In İnalcık, Halil; Kafadar, Cemal (eds.). <i>Süleymân The Second [i.e. the First] and his time</i>. Isis Press. <q>That she was a Tatar, a daughter of the Crimean Khan Mengli Giray, was a story apparently begun by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jovius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jovius (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Jovius</a>, repeated by other western sources, and taken up by Merriman in his biography of Suleyman</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Life+and+Family+of+Suleyman+I&rft.btitle=S%C3%BCleym%C3%A2n+The+Second+%5Bi.e.+the+First%5D+and+his+time&rft.pub=Isis+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.au=Alan+Fisher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Godfrey Goodwin, <i>The Private World of Ottoman Women</i>, Saqi Book, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA" title="ජාත්‍යන්තර සම්මත පොත් අංකය">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/0-86356-745-2" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/0-86356-745-2">0-86356-745-2</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA" title="ජාත්‍යන්තර සම්මත පොත් අංකය">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/3-631-36808-9" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/3-631-36808-9">3-631-36808-9</a>, 2001. page 128</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Valeria Heuberger, Geneviève Humbert, Geneviève Humbert-Knitel, Elisabeth Vyslonzil (ed.), <i>Cultures in Colors</i>, page 68. <a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA" title="ජාත්‍යන්තර සම්මත පොත් අංකය">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/3-631-36808-9" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/3-631-36808-9">3-631-36808-9</a>, 2001</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ald83-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ald83_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ald83_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ald83_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ald83_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ald83_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ald83_12-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ald83_12-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">A. D. Alderson, The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty, Oxford: Clarendon, 1956, p.83</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFSakaoğlu2008" class="citation book cs1">Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/316234394"><i>Bu mülkün kadın sultanları : vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler</i></a> (1. baskı ed.). Beyoğlu, İstanbul: Oğlak Yayıncılık. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/978-975-329-623-6" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/978-975-329-623-6"><bdi>978-975-329-623-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/316234394">316234394</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bu+m%C3%BClk%C3%BCn+kad%C4%B1n+sultanlar%C4%B1+%3A+v%C3%A2lide+sultanlar%2C+h%C3%A2tunlar%2C+hasekiler%2C+kad%C4%B1nefendiler%2C+sultanefendiler&rft.place=Beyo%C4%9Flu%2C+%C4%B0stanbul&rft.edition=1.+bask%C4%B1&rft.pub=O%C4%9Flak+Yay%C4%B1nc%C4%B1l%C4%B1k&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F316234394&rft.isbn=978-975-329-623-6&rft.aulast=Sakao%C4%9Flu&rft.aufirst=Necdet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F316234394&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to <a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yavuz_Bahad%C4%B1ro%C4%9Flu" class="extiw" title="tr:Yavuz Bahadıroğlu">Yavuz Bahadıroğlu</a>, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları <i>(Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications)</i>, 15th Ed., 2009, page 245, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA" title="ජාත්‍යන්තර සම්මත පොත් අංකය">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/978-975-269-299-2" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/978-975-269-299-2">978-975-269-299-2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustafa_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mustafa I (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Mustafa I</a>'s mother is <a href="/w/index.php?title=Handan_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Handan Sultan (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Handan Sultan</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFSakaoğlu2007" class="citation book cs1">Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/472256214"><i>Famous Ottoman women</i></a>. Istanbul: Avea. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/978-975-7104-77-3" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/978-975-7104-77-3"><bdi>978-975-7104-77-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/472256214">472256214</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Famous+Ottoman+women&rft.place=Istanbul&rft.pub=Avea&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F472256214&rft.isbn=978-975-7104-77-3&rft.aulast=Sakao%C4%9Flu&rft.aufirst=Necdet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F472256214&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Akyıldız_307–352-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Akyıldız_307–352_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Akyıldız_307–352_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFAkyıldız2016" class="citation journal cs1">Akyıldız, Ali (1 April 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.18589/oa.583206">"Müsrif, Fakat Hayırsever: Pertevniyal Valide sultan"</a>. <i>Osmanlı Araştırmaları</i>. <b>47</b> (47): 307–352. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.18589%2Foa.583206">10.18589/oa.583206</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISSN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISSN (identifier) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0255-0636">0255-0636</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Osmanl%C4%B1+Ara%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmalar%C4%B1&rft.atitle=M%C3%BCsrif%2C+Fakat+Hay%C4%B1rsever%3A+Pertevniyal+Valide+sultan&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=47&rft.pages=307-352&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.18589%2Foa.583206&rft.issn=0255-0636&rft.aulast=Aky%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z&rft.aufirst=Ali&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.18589%2Foa.583206&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFGünseli.2005" class="citation book cs1">Günseli., İnal (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/654813573"><i>Semiramis : Sultan'ın gözünden şenlik = festival through a Sultan's eyes</i></a>. Yapı Kredi Yayınları. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/654813573">654813573</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Semiramis+%3A+Sultan%27%C4%B1n+g%C3%B6z%C3%BCnden+%C5%9Fenlik+%3D+festival+through+a+Sultan%27s+eyes&rft.pub=Yap%C4%B1+Kredi+Yay%C4%B1nlar%C4%B1&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F654813573&rft.aulast=G%C3%BCnseli.&rft.aufirst=%C4%B0nal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F654813573&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFKemal.1977" class="citation book cs1">Kemal., Meram, Ali (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/23697956"><i>Padişah anaları : resimli, belgesel tarih romanı</i></a>. Öz Yayınları. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23697956">23697956</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Padi%C5%9Fah+analar%C4%B1+%3A+resimli%2C+belgesel+tarih+roman%C4%B1&rft.pub=%C3%96z+Yay%C4%B1nlar%C4%B1&rft.date=1977&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F23697956&rft.aulast=Kemal.&rft.aufirst=Meram%2C+Ali&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F23697956&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD:Cite_book" class="mw-redirect" title="සැකිල්ල:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BA:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="ප්‍රවර්ගය:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFOsman.1998" class="citation book cs1">Osman., Horata (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/42858154"><i>Esrâr Dede : hayatı, şiir dünyası ve dı̂vânı</i></a>. T.C. Kültür Bakanlığı. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/975-17-1954-2" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/975-17-1954-2"><bdi>975-17-1954-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42858154">42858154</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Esr%C3%A2r+Dede+%3A+hayat%C4%B1%2C+%C5%9Fiir+d%C3%BCnyas%C4%B1+ve+d%C4%B1%CC%82v%C3%A2n%C4%B1&rft.pub=T.C.+K%C3%BClt%C3%BCr+Bakanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F42858154&rft.isbn=975-17-1954-2&rft.aulast=Osman.&rft.aufirst=Horata&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F42858154&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFY._İzzettin_Barış2002" class="citation book cs1">Y. İzzettin Barış (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p4ppAAAAMAAJ"><i>Osmanlı padişahlarının yaşamlarından kesitler, hastalıkları ve ölüm sebepleri</i></a>. Bilimsel Tıp Yayınevi. p. 184. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/978-975-6986-17-2" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/978-975-6986-17-2"><bdi>978-975-6986-17-2</bdi></a>. <q>Selim'in annesi olan Mihrişah, Gürcistan'dan kaçırılan bir papazın kızıydı</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Osmanl%C4%B1+padi%C5%9Fahlar%C4%B1n%C4%B1n+ya%C5%9Famlar%C4%B1ndan+kesitler%2C+hastal%C4%B1klar%C4%B1+ve+%C3%B6l%C3%BCm+sebepleri&rft.pages=184&rft.pub=Bilimsel+T%C4%B1p+Yay%C4%B1nevi&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-975-6986-17-2&rft.au=Y.+%C4%B0zzettin+Bar%C4%B1%C5%9F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dp4ppAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFSakaoğlu,_Necdet2015" class="citation book cs1">Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/961810963"><i>Bu mülkün kadın sultanları : valide sultanlar, hatunlar, hasekiler, kadinefendiler, sultanefendiler</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/978-605-171-079-2" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/978-605-171-079-2"><bdi>978-605-171-079-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/961810963">961810963</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bu+m%C3%BClk%C3%BCn+kad%C4%B1n+sultanlar%C4%B1+%3A+valide+sultanlar%2C+hatunlar%2C+hasekiler%2C+kadinefendiler%2C+sultanefendiler&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F961810963&rft.isbn=978-605-171-079-2&rft.au=Sakao%C4%9Flu%2C+Necdet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F961810963&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yavuz_Bahad%C4%B1ro%C4%9Flu" class="extiw" title="tr:Yavuz Bahadıroğlu">Yavuz Bahadıroğlu</a>, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları <i>(Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications)</i>, 15th Ed., 2009, page 387 & 395, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA" title="ජාත්‍යන්තර සම්මත පොත් අංකය">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/978-975-269-299-2" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/978-975-269-299-2">978-975-269-299-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFDolphin.1982" class="citation book cs1">Dolphin., Alderson, Anthony (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/643105131"><i>The structure of the Ottoman dynasty</i></a>. Greenwood Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/0-313-22522-2" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/0-313-22522-2"><bdi>0-313-22522-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643105131">643105131</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+structure+of+the+Ottoman+dynasty&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=1982&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F643105131&rft.isbn=0-313-22522-2&rft.aulast=Dolphin.&rft.aufirst=Alderson%2C+Anthony&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F643105131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD:Cite_book" class="mw-redirect" title="සැකිල්ල:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BA:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="ප්‍රවර්ගය:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brookes, Douglass Scott, <i>The Concubine, the Princess, and the Teacher</i>, p.287. University of Texas Press, 2008. <a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA" title="ජාත්‍යන්තර සම්මත පොත් අංකය">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/0-292-71842-X" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/0-292-71842-X">0-292-71842-X</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120402034709/http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/belge/2-1305/sultan-ii-abdulhamid-han.html">"Sultan II. Abdülhamid Han"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ministry_of_Culture_and_Tourism_(Turkey)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ministry of Culture and Tourism (Turkey) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism</a>. 2 April 2012 දින <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/belge/2-1305/sultan-ii-abdulhamid-han.html">මුල් පිටපත</a> වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී<span class="reference-accessdate">. සම්ප්‍රවේශය <span class="nowrap">6 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sultan+II.+Abd%C3%BClhamid+Han&rft.pub=Republic+of+Turkey+Ministry+of+Culture+and+Tourism&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kultur.gov.tr%2FEN%2Fbelge%2F2-1305%2Fsultan-ii-abdulhamid-han.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFİnal2005" class="citation book cs1">İnal, Günseli (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/60520625"><i>Semiramis : Sultan'ın gözünden şenlik = festival through a Sultan's eyes</i></a>. Filiz Özdem, Mary Işın, Semiramis Arşivi. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/975-08-0928-9" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/975-08-0928-9"><bdi>975-08-0928-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/60520625">60520625</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Semiramis+%3A+Sultan%27%C4%B1n+g%C3%B6z%C3%BCnden+%C5%9Fenlik+%3D+festival+through+a+Sultan%27s+eyes&rft.place=%C4%B0stanbul&rft.pub=Yap%C4%B1+Kredi+Yay%C4%B1nlar%C4%B1&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F60520625&rft.isbn=975-08-0928-9&rft.aulast=%C4%B0nal&rft.aufirst=G%C3%BCnseli&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F60520625&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFIyigun2015" class="citation book cs1">Iyigun, Murat (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/906576835"><i>War, peace, and prosperity in the name of God : the Ottoman Role in Europe's socioeconomic evolution</i></a>. Chicago. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/978-0-226-23228-7" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/978-0-226-23228-7"><bdi>978-0-226-23228-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/906576835">906576835</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=War%2C+peace%2C+and+prosperity+in+the+name+of+God+%3A+the+Ottoman+Role+in+Europe%27s+socioeconomic+evolution&rft.place=Chicago&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F906576835&rft.isbn=978-0-226-23228-7&rft.aulast=Iyigun&rft.aufirst=Murat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F906576835&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD:Cite_book" class="mw-redirect" title="සැකිල්ල:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BA:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="ප්‍රවර්ගය:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=8" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: Further reading"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r713704"><cite id="CITEREFLeslie_P._Peirce1993" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_P._Peirce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leslie P. Peirce (පිටුව නොපවතියි)">Leslie P. Peirce</a> (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L6-VRgVzRcUC&pg=PA112"><i>The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB/978-0-19-508677-5" title="විශේෂ:ග්‍රන්ථ මූලාශ්‍ර/978-0-19-508677-5"><bdi>978-0-19-508677-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Imperial+Harem%3A+Women+and+Sovereignty+in+the+Ottoman+Empire&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-19-508677-5&rft.au=Leslie+P.+Peirce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL6-VRgVzRcUC%26pg%3DPA112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=9" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: External links"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guide2womenleaders.com/turkey_heads.htm">Guide2womenleaders.com</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r573305">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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title="ප්‍රවර්ගය:Pages using the JsonConfig extension">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BA:CS1_%E0%B6%89%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%93%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92-%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB_(en)" title="ප්‍රවර්ගය:CS1 ඉංග්‍රීසි-භාෂා මූලාශ්‍ර (en)">CS1 ඉංග්‍රීසි-භාෂා මූලාශ්‍ර (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BA:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="ප්‍රවර්ගය:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BA:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="ප්‍රවර්ගය:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list</a></li><li><a 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