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Güngör</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Sadife Güngör"> <meta name="keywords" content="Sadife Güngör"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Sadife Güngör"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 15</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Sadife Güngör</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Sustainable Development as a Part of Development and Foreign Trade in Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadife%20G%C3%BCng%C3%B6r">Sadife Güngör</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sevilay%20Konya"> Sevilay Konya </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sustainable development is an economic development scope which covers the economic growth included environmental factors. With the help of economic development, the needs of the future generations are going to be met the needs. As it is aimed the environmental conscious, sustainable development focuses on decreasing the damage of natural sources. From this point of view, while sustainable development is environmentally conscious, it also improving the life standards of individuals. The relationship between development and foreign trade on sustainable development is theoretically searched in this study. In the second part, sustainable development at world and EU is searched and in the last part, the sustainability of trade and development in Turkey is stated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title="development">development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20trade" title=" foreign trade"> foreign trade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey"> Turkey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18256/sustainable-development-as-a-part-of-development-and-foreign-trade-in-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18256.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Employment Problems of Graduands Graduated Form Vocational High Schools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Refik%20Uyan%C3%B6z">Refik Uyanöz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadife%20G%C3%BCng%C3%B6r"> Sadife Güngör</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sevilay%20Konya"> Sevilay Konya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to show the employing ability of vocational students. And also, the employment problems of these students are emphasized in this study.The rapid development in technology and information and increased qualified labor is widely affects labor market. On the other hand, labor market will look for educated, qualified, talented and young people. Because of this reason, qualified staff should be educated at vocational high schools. Vocational high schools are one of the best institutions to educate qualified staff. In this research, the conditions of vocational high schools are studied. The difference between the employment policies and current employment problems are researched. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vocational%20high%20school" title="vocational high school">vocational high school</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employment" title=" employment"> employment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employment%20problems" title=" employment problems"> employment problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vocational%20students" title=" vocational students"> vocational students</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22119/employment-problems-of-graduands-graduated-form-vocational-high-schools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22119.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">466</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Structural Transformation after 2000 in Turkey Economy Evaluation as Theoretical in the Context of Inflation and Foreign Trade</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadife%20G%C3%BCng%C3%B6r">Sadife Güngör</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sevilay%20Konya"> Sevilay Konya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeynep%20Kara%C3%A7or"> Zeynep Karaçor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inflation and foreign trade are the most important economic indicator of a country. In this study, Turkey's economy with the policies adopted after 2000, given how performs an economic transformation. This transformation of the economy is discussed with inflation and foreign trade. In this context, attention is drawn to 2001 Strong Economy and Transition Program and 2006 Inflation Targeting Regime. The evaluation was performed of after the year 2000 inflation and foreign trade figures in Turkey economy. When we looked the progress, after 2000 in Turkey economy, we can say a new process was built up. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflation" title="inflation">inflation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20trade" title=" foreign trade"> foreign trade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2001%20strong%20economy%20programme" title=" 2001 strong economy programme"> 2001 strong economy programme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2006%20inflation%20targeting%20regime" title=" 2006 inflation targeting regime"> 2006 inflation targeting regime</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38275/structural-transformation-after-2000-in-turkey-economy-evaluation-as-theoretical-in-the-context-of-inflation-and-foreign-trade" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38275.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Banking Crisis and Economic Effects of the Banking Crisis in Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sevilay%20Konya">Sevilay Konya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadife%20G%C3%BCng%C3%B6r"> Sadife Güngör</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeynep%20Kara%C3%A7or"> Zeynep Karaçor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Turkish economy is occurred depending on different factors from time to time and the banking crises of different magnitudes. Foremost among the factors which hinder the development of countries and societies- crises in the country's economy. Countries' economic growth rates affect inflation, unemployment and external trade. In this study, effect of November 2000, February 2001 and 2008 banking crisis on Turkey's economy and banking crisis will be examined and announced as conceptual. In this context, this study is investigates Turkey's GDP, inflation, unemployment and foreign trade figures. Turkey's economy affected have been identified from 2000 November 2001 February and 2008 banking crisis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=banking%20crises" title="banking crises">banking crises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey%E2%80%99s%20economy" title=" Turkey’s economy"> Turkey’s economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20effects" title=" economic effects"> economic effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey"> Turkey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38276/banking-crisis-and-economic-effects-of-the-banking-crisis-in-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38276.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Acidic Dye Removal From Aqueous Solution Using Heat Treated and Polymer Modified Waste Containing Boron Impurity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asim%20Olgun">Asim Olgun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Kara"> Ali Kara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vural%20Butun"> Vural Butun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pelin%20Sevinc"> Pelin Sevinc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merve%20Gungor"> Merve Gungor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Orhan%20Ornek"> Orhan Ornek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we investigated the possibility of using waste containing boron impurity (BW) as an adsorbent for the removal of Orange 16 from aqueous solution. Surface properties of the BW, heat treated BW, and diblock copolymer coated BW were examined by using Zeta Meter and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The polymer modified sample having the highest positive zeta potential was used as an adsorbent. Batch adsorption studies were carried out. The operating variables studied were the initial dye concentration, contact time, solution pH, and adsorbent dosage. It was found that the dye adsorption largely depends on the initial pH of the solution with maximum uptake occurring at pH 3. The adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and the isotherm fit well to the Langmuir model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zeta%20potential" title="zeta potential">zeta potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Orange%2016" title=" Orange 16"> Orange 16</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isotherms" title=" isotherms"> isotherms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94450/acidic-dye-removal-from-aqueous-solution-using-heat-treated-and-polymer-modified-waste-containing-boron-impurity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94450.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Effects of Irrigation Intervals on Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Black Carrot Leaves (Daucus carota L.)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hakan%20Arslan">Hakan Arslan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deniz%20Ekinci"> Deniz Ekinci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alper%20Gungor"> Alper Gungor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurkan%20Bilir"> Gurkan Bilir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omer%20Tas"> Omer Tas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Altun"> Mehmet Altun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting the agricultural production worldwide. In this study, Leaf samples were taken from the carrot plants grown under drought stress conditions during the harvesting period. The plants were irrigated in three irrigation interval (4, 6 and 8 days) and Irrigation water regime was set up in pots. The changes in activities of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione s-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD)) in leaves of black carrot were investigated. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (GR, GST, SOD) were varied significantly with irrigation intervals. The highest value of GR, GST and SOD were determined in the irrigation interval of 6 days. All antioxidant activity values were decreased in 8 days of irrigation interval. As a result of the study, it has been suggested that optimum irrigation intervals for plants can be used in antioxidant enzymes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20enzyme" title="antioxidant enzyme">antioxidant enzyme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carrot" title=" carrot"> carrot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drought" title=" drought"> drought</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrigation%20interval" title=" irrigation interval"> irrigation interval</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96989/effects-of-irrigation-intervals-on-antioxidant-enzyme-activity-in-black-carrot-leaves-daucus-carota-l" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96989.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Antioxidant Properties of Snack Crackers Incorporated with Mahaleb (Prunus mahaleb L.) Powder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elif%20Yildiz">Elif Yildiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gizem%20Gungor"> Gizem Gungor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hatice%20Yilmaz"> Hatice Yilmaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duygu%20%20Gocmen"> Duygu Gocmen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, consumer demand has been increasing for the healthy and functional food. In this context, some natural products rich in phenolic compounds are also added to cereal based food for health benefits. Natural phenolic compounds have many beneficial bioactivities such as anti-allergic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and anti-mutagenic activities. It has been found that various plant species contain natural bioactive phytochemicals with antioxidant function. One of these plant species is mahaleb (Prunus mahaleb L). Mahaleb berries with dark blue or red colours have the highest antioxidant capacities among all common fruits and vegetables. The aim of this study was to determine the possibilities of improving the antioxidant properties of novel snack crackers by supplementing with mahaleb (Prunus mahaleb L) powder. For this purpose mahaleb powder were used to replace wheat flour in the snack cracker formulation at two different levels (5%, and 7.5% w/w). As a result, mahaleb supplementation caused an increase in total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of crackers. It can be say that mahaleb powder can be used as an alternative functional and nutritional ingredient in bakery products. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20activity" title="antioxidant activity">antioxidant activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cracker" title=" cracker"> cracker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mahaleb%20%28Prunus%20mahaleb%20L%29" title=" mahaleb (Prunus mahaleb L)"> mahaleb (Prunus mahaleb L)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenolic%20contents" title=" phenolic contents"> phenolic contents</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69038/antioxidant-properties-of-snack-crackers-incorporated-with-mahaleb-prunus-mahaleb-l-powder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> The Relations between Seismic Results and Groundwater near the Gokpinar Damp Area, Denizli, Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmud%20Gungor">Mahmud Gungor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Aydin"> Ali Aydin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erdal%20Akyol"> Erdal Akyol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suat%20Tasdelen"> Suat Tasdelen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The understanding of geotechnical characteristics of near-surface material and the effects of the groundwater is very important problem in such as site studies. For showing the relations between seismic data and groundwater we selected about 25 km2 as the study area. It has been presented which is a detailed work of seismic data and groundwater depths of Gokpinar Damp area. Seismic waves velocity (Vp and Vs) are very important parameters showing the soil properties. The seismic records were used the method of the multichannel analysis of surface waves near area of Gokpinar Damp area. Sixty sites in this area have been investigated with survey lines about 60 m in length. MASW (Multichannel analysis of surface wave) method has been used to generate one-dimensional shear wave velocity profile at locations. These shear wave velocities are used to estimate equivalent shear wave velocity in the study area at every 2 and 5 m intervals up to a depth of 45 m. Levels of equivalent shear wave velocity of soil are used the classified of the study area. After the results of the study, it must be considered as components of urban planning and building design of Gokpinar Damp area, Denizli and the application and use of these results should be required and enforced by municipal authorities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20data" title="seismic data">seismic data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gokpinar%20Damp" title=" Gokpinar Damp"> Gokpinar Damp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20planning" title=" urban planning"> urban planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denizli" title=" Denizli"> Denizli</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37756/the-relations-between-seismic-results-and-groundwater-near-the-gokpinar-damp-area-denizli-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37756.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">288</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Offset Dependent Uniform Delay Mathematical Optimization Model for Signalized Traffic Network Using Differential Evolution Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahseen%20Saad">Tahseen Saad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halim%20Ceylan"> Halim Ceylan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20Weaver"> Jonathan Weaver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osman%20Nuri%20%C3%87elik"> Osman Nuri Çelik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onur%20Gungor%20Sahin"> Onur Gungor Sahin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new concept of uniform delay offset dependent mathematical optimization problem is derived as the main objective for this study using a differential evolution algorithm. To control the coordination problem, which depends on offset selection and to estimate uniform delay based on the offset choice in a traffic signal network. The assumption is the periodic sinusoidal function for arrival and departure patterns. The cycle time is optimized at the entry links and the optimized value is used in the non-entry links as a common cycle time. The offset optimization algorithm is used to calculate the uniform delay at each link. The results are illustrated by using a case study and are compared with the canonical uniform delay model derived by Webster and the highway capacity manual’s model. The findings show new model minimizes the total uniform delay to almost half compared to conventional models. The mathematical objective function is robust. The algorithm convergence time is fast. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=area%20traffic%20control" title="area traffic control">area traffic control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20flow" title=" traffic flow"> traffic flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differential%20evolution" title=" differential evolution"> differential evolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sinusoidal%20periodic%20function" title=" sinusoidal periodic function"> sinusoidal periodic function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uniform%20delay" title=" uniform delay"> uniform delay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offset%20variable" title=" offset variable"> offset variable</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154334/offset-dependent-uniform-delay-mathematical-optimization-model-for-signalized-traffic-network-using-differential-evolution-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154334.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> The Qualification and Quality of Space Sciences and Space Engineering Education in Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hatice%20Canan%20Gungor">Hatice Canan Gungor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Akdemir"> Ahmet Akdemir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The fields of engineering and technological sciences are increasing in quality and quantity day by day all over the world. Countries have to follow, implement and adapt these developments in order to economical empowerments. In our era, it's possible to follow the rapidly developing technology and to produce new technologies by inquisitive, curious, numerical thinking individuals who can show several approaches to problem solving. In this case, countries should develop te result oriented and need-focused curriculums in university education. As in the whole world, there are more space studies in our country as well. Universities should undertake the task of supply the need for staff of this technological race. In this context, questions about the purpose, content and learning outcomes of the space sciences and space engineering departments in our country will be researched answers to reveal the characteristic of this section. In this study, it was determined in which universities the space engineering and the departments of basic sciences educate with formal education and the contents of this education, and the universities were compared with each other as of 2017. In our country three universities provide Aeronautical and Aerospace Engineering, two universities provide Space Sciences and Technologies, two universities provide Aerospace Engineering, two universities provide Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering education. In all universities, specialized courses are taught after basic engineering education. But the question that needs to be answered is, do the lessons benefit in practice? The answer of this question will reveal the quality of the education. This paper suggests that surveys be conducted to search for the answer to this question. It's thought to be the base for the next works. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title="education">education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20engineering" title=" space engineering"> space engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20science" title=" space science"> space science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20systems" title=" quality of systems"> quality of systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71485/the-qualification-and-quality-of-space-sciences-and-space-engineering-education-in-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71485.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Digital and Technological Transformation of Trekking Routes of Cappadocia Valleys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C5%9Eenay%20G%C3%BCng%C3%B6r">Şenay Güngör</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emre%20Elba%C5%9Fi"> Emre Elbaşi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beyda%20Sadiko%C4%9Flu"> Beyda Sadikoğlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Utku%20Eren%20Ba%C4%9Fci"> Utku Eren Bağci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96mer%20Uzunel"> Ömer Uzunel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the first places that comes to mind when it comes to tourism in Turkey is the Cappadocia Region. Due to its rich geological and geomorphological heritage, Cappadocia is one of the most visited destinations in the world. In fact, in the first half of 2023, the number of international tourists visiting Cappadocia exceeded 2 million. Considering that the economy of the Cappadocia region is largely based on tourism, it is understood that the quality and technology integration levels of the touristic services offered in the region are of great importance. In this context; as a result of the observations made in Kızılçukur, Meskendir, Güllüdere 1 and Güllüdere 2 valleys, where the important hiking routes of the Cappadocia Region are located, it has been observed that the digital level of the routes is insufficient. It has been observed that the telephone networks in the area are very low or have completely lost their signal strength. In addition, it was determined that the materials such as maps and brochures used by tourism agencies to introduce the valleys are simple and incomplete. It is thought that this situation negatively affects the tourists' orientation and touristic experience in the field. Eliminating these deficiencies identified in the field, improving the digital level of the above-mentioned hiking routes and increasing the added value in destinations are among the main objectives of our study. Within the scope of the study, a mobile application that can work both online and offline on hiking routes has been prepared. 3D modeling of Kızılçukur, Meskendir, Güllüdere 1 and Güllüdere 2 valleys were made using Geographical Information Systems (GIS). In addition, a website has been created to enable tourists to easily access all the above-mentioned information, visuals and technological applications related to the routes. As it is known, the effective use of information and communication technologies in touristic regions not only increases the satisfaction levels of tourists, but also positively affects the attraction of qualified tourists to the region. When the tangible and intangible outputs of this study are evaluated, it is thought that it will serve the social and economic development of the region and set an example for the digital transformation of other routes in the region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nev%C5%9Fehir" title="nevşehir">nevşehir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cappadocia" title=" cappadocia"> cappadocia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cappadocia%20valleys" title=" cappadocia valleys"> cappadocia valleys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trekking%20route" title=" trekking route"> trekking route</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179262/digital-and-technological-transformation-of-trekking-routes-of-cappadocia-valleys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179262.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Digital And Technological Transformation of Cappadocia Valleys: Kizilçukur, Meskendi̇r, Güllüdere 1, Güllüdere 2</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C5%9Eenay%20G%C3%BCng%C3%B6r">Şenay Güngör</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emre%20Elba%C5%9Fi"> Emre Elbaşi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beyda%20Sadik%C4%9Flu"> Beyda Sadikğlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Utku%20Eren%20Ba%C4%9Fci"> Utku Eren Bağci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96mer%20Uzunel"> Ömer Uzunel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the first places that comes to mind when it comes to tourism in Turkey is the Cappadocia Region. Due to its rich geological and geomorphological heritage, Cappadocia is one of the most visited destinations in the world. In fact, in the first half of 2023, the number of international tourists visiting Cappadocia exceeded 2 million. Considering that the economy of the Cappadocia region is largely based on tourism, it is understood that the quality and technology integration levels of the touristic services offered in the region are of great importance. In this context; as a result of the observations made in Kızılçukur, Meskendir, Güllüdere 1 and Güllüdere 2 valleys, where the important hiking routes of the Cappadocia Region are located, it has been observed that the digital level of the routes is insufficient. It has been observed that the telephone networks in the area are very low or have completely lost their signal strength. In addition, it was determined that the materials such as maps and brochures used by tourism agencies to introduce the valleys are simple and incomplete. It is thought that this situation negatively affects the tourists' orientation and touristic experience in the field. Eliminating these deficiencies identified in the field, improving the digital level of the above-mentioned hiking routes and increasing the added value in destinations are among the main objectives of our study. Within the scope of the study, a mobile application that can work both online and offline on hiking routes has been prepared. 3D modeling of Kızılçukur, Meskendir, Güllüdere 1 and Güllüdere 2 valleys were made using Geographical Information Systems (GIS). In addition, a website has been created to enable tourists to easily access all the above-mentioned information, visuals and technological applications related to the routes. As it is known, the effective use of information and communication technologies in touristic regions not only increases the satisfaction levels of tourists, but also positively affects the attraction of qualified tourists to the region. When the tangible and intangible outputs of this study are evaluated, it is thought that it will serve the social and economic development of the region and set an example for the digital transformation of other routes in the region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nev%C5%9Fehir" title="nevşehir">nevşehir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cappadocia" title=" cappadocia"> cappadocia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cappadocia%20valleys" title=" cappadocia valleys"> cappadocia valleys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20route" title=" tourism route"> tourism route</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179050/digital-and-technological-transformation-of-cappadocia-valleys-kizilcukur-meskendir-gulludere-1-gulludere-2" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179050.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">56</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Evaluation of Diagnostic Values of Culture, Rapid Urease Test, and Histopathology in the Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection and in vitro Effects of Various Antimicrobials against Helicobacter pylori</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Recep%20Kesli">Recep Kesli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huseyin%20Bilgin"> Huseyin Bilgin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasar%20Unlu"> Yasar Unlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gokhan%20Gungor"> Gokhan Gungor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: The aim of this study, was to investigate the presence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection by culture, histology, and RUT (Rapid Urease Test) in gastric antrum biopsy samples taken from patients presented with dyspeptic complaints and to determine resistance rates of amoxicillin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin and metronidazole against the H. pylori strains by E-test. Material and Methods: A total of 278 patients who admitted to Konya Education and Research Hospital Department of Gastroenterology with dyspeptic complaints, between January 2011-July 2013, were included in the study. Microbiological and histopathological examinations of biopsy specimens taken from antrum and corpus regions were performed. The presence of H. pylori in biopsy samples was investigated by culture (Portagerm pylori-PORT PYL, Pylori agar-PYL, GENbox microaer, bioMerieux, France), histology (Giemsa, Hematoxylin and Eosin staining), and RUT(CLOtest, Cimberly-Clark, USA). Antimicrobial resistance of isolates against amoxicillin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, and metronidazole was determined by E-test method (bioMerieux, France). As a gold standard in the diagnosis of H. pylori; it was accepted that the culture method alone was positive or both histology and RUT were positive together. Sensitivity and specificity for histology and RUT were calculated by taking the culture as a gold standard. Sensitivity and specificity for culture were also calculated by taking the co-positivity of both histology and RUT as a gold standard. Results: H. pylori was detected in 140 of 278 of patients with culture and 174 of 278 of patients with histology in the study. H. pylori positivity was also found in 191 patients with RUT. According to the gold standard criteria, a false negative result was found in 39 cases by culture method, 17 cases by histology, and 8 cases by RUT. Sensitivity and specificity of the culture, histology, and RUT methods of the patients were 76.5 % and 88.3 %, 87.8 % and 63 %, 94.2 % and 57.2 %, respectively. Antibiotic resistance was investigated by E-test in 140 H. pylori strains isolated from culture. The resistance rates of H. pylori strains to the amoxicillin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, and metronidazole was detected as 9 (6.4 %), 22 (15.7 %), 17 (12.1 %), 57 (40.7 %), respectively. Conclusion: In our study, RUT was found to be the most sensitive, culture was the most specific test between culture, histology, and RUT methods. Although we detected the specificity of the culture method as high, its sensitivity was found to be quite low compared to other methods. The low sensitivity of H. pylori culture may be caused by the factors affect the chances of direct isolation such as spoild bacterium, difficult-to-breed microorganism, clinical sample retrieval, and transport conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20resistance" title="antimicrobial resistance">antimicrobial resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histology" title=" histology"> histology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20pylori" title=" H. pylori"> H. pylori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RUT" title=" RUT"> RUT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92086/evaluation-of-diagnostic-values-of-culture-rapid-urease-test-and-histopathology-in-the-diagnosis-of-helicobacter-pylori-infection-and-in-vitro-effects-of-various-antimicrobials-against-helicobacter-pylori" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92086.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> A Diagnostic Accuracy Study: Comparison of Two Different Molecular-Based Tests (Genotype HelicoDR and Seeplex Clar-H. pylori ACE Detection), in the Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infections</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Recep%20Kesli">Recep Kesli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huseyin%20Bilgin"> Huseyin Bilgin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasar%20Unlu"> Yasar Unlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gokhan%20Gungor"> Gokhan Gungor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: The aim of this study was to compare diagnostic values of two different molecular-based tests (GenoType® HelicoDR ve Seeplex® H. pylori-ClaR- ACE Detection) in detection presence of the H. pylori from gastric biopsy specimens. In addition to this also was aimed to determine resistance ratios of H. pylori strains against to clarytromycine and quinolone isolated from gastric biopsy material cultures by using both the genotypic (GenoType® HelicoDR, Seeplex ® H. pylori -ClaR- ACE Detection) and phenotypic (gradient strip, E-test) methods. Material and methods: A total of 266 patients who admitted to Konya Education and Research Hospital Department of Gastroenterology with dyspeptic complaints, between January 2011-June 2013, were included in the study. Microbiological and histopathological examinations of biopsy specimens taken from antrum and corpus regions were performed. The presence of H. pylori in all the biopsy samples was investigated by five differnt dignostic methods together: culture (C) (Portagerm pylori-PORT PYL, Pylori agar-PYL, GENbox microaer, bioMerieux, France), histology (H) (Giemsa, Hematoxylin and Eosin staining), rapid urease test (RUT) (CLOtest, Cimberly-Clark, USA), and two different molecular tests; GenoType® HelicoDR, Hain, Germany, based on DNA strip assay, and Seeplex ® H. pylori -ClaR- ACE Detection, Seegene, South Korea, based on multiplex PCR. Antimicrobial resistance of H. pylori isolates against clarithromycin and levofloxacin was determined by GenoType® HelicoDR, Seeplex ® H. pylori -ClaR- ACE Detection, and gradient strip (E-test, bioMerieux, France) methods. Culture positivity alone or positivities of both histology and RUT together was accepted as the gold standard for H. pylori positivity. Sensitivity and specificity rates of two molecular methods used in the study were calculated by taking the two gold standards previously mentioned. Results: A total of 266 patients between 16-83 years old who 144 (54.1 %) were female, 122 (45.9 %) were male were included in the study. 144 patients were found as culture positive, and 157 were H and RUT were positive together. 179 patients were found as positive with GenoType® HelicoDR and Seeplex ® H. pylori -ClaR- ACE Detection together. Sensitivity and specificity rates of studied five different methods were found as follows: C were 80.9 % and 84.4 %, H + RUT were 88.2 % and 75.4 %, GenoType® HelicoDR were 100 % and 71.3 %, and Seeplex ® H. pylori -ClaR- ACE Detection were, 100 % and 71.3 %. A strong correlation was found between C and H+RUT, C and GenoType® HelicoDR, and C and Seeplex ® H. pylori -ClaR- ACE Detection (r:0.644 and p:0.000, r:0.757 and p:0.000, r:0.757 and p:0.000, respectively). Of all the isolated 144 H. pylori strains 24 (16.6 %) were detected as resistant to claritromycine, and 18 (12.5 %) were levofloxacin. Genotypic claritromycine resistance was detected only in 15 cases with GenoType® HelicoDR, and 6 cases with Seeplex ® H. pylori -ClaR- ACE Detection. Conclusion: In our study, it was concluded that; GenoType® HelicoDR and Seeplex ® H. pylori -ClaR- ACE Detection was found as the most sensitive diagnostic methods when comparing all the investigated other ones (C, H, and RUT). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helicobacter%20pylori" title="Helicobacter pylori">Helicobacter pylori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GenoType%C2%AE%20HelicoDR" title=" GenoType® HelicoDR"> GenoType® HelicoDR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seeplex%20%C2%AE%20H.%20pylori%20-ClaR-%20ACE%20Detection" title=" Seeplex ® H. pylori -ClaR- ACE Detection"> Seeplex ® H. pylori -ClaR- ACE Detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20resistance" title=" antimicrobial resistance"> antimicrobial resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92396/a-diagnostic-accuracy-study-comparison-of-two-different-molecular-based-tests-genotype-helicodr-and-seeplex-clar-h-pylori-ace-detection-in-the-diagnosis-of-helicobacter-pylori-infections" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92396.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> The Role of Professional Teacher Development in Introducing Trilingual Education into the Secondary School Curriculum: Lessons from Kazakhstan, Central Asia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kairat%20Kurakbayev">Kairat Kurakbayev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dina%20Gungor"> Dina Gungor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adil%20Ashirbekov"> Adil Ashirbekov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Assel%20Kambatyrova"> Assel Kambatyrova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Kazakhstan, a post-Soviet economy located in the Central Asia, is making great efforts to internationalize its national system of education. The country is very ambitious in making the national economy internationally competitive and education has become one of the main pillars of the nation’s strategic development plan for 2030. This paper discusses the role of professional teacher development in upgrading the secondary education curriculum with the introduction of English as a medium of instruction (EMI) in grades 10-11 grades. Having Kazakh as the state language and Russian as the official language, English bears a status of foreign language in the country. The development of trilingual education is very high on the agenda of the Ministry of Education and Science. It is planned that by 2019 STEM-related subjects – Biology, Chemistry, Computing and Physics – will be taught in EMI. Introducing English-medium education appears to be a very drastic reform and the teaching cadre is the key driver here. At the same time, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the teaching profession is still struggling to become attractive in the eyes of the local youth. Moreover, the quality of Kazakhstan’s secondary education is put in question by OECD national review reports. The paper presents a case study of the nation-wide professional development programme arranged for 5 010 school teachers so that they could be able to teach their content subjects in English starting from 2019 onwards. The study is based on the mixed methods research involving the data derived from the surveys and semi-structured interviews held with the programme participants, i.e. school teachers. The findings of the study imply the significance of the school teachers’ attitudes towards the top-down reform of trilingual education. The qualitative research data reveal the teachers’ beliefs about advantages and disadvantages of having their content subjects (e.g. Biology or Chemistry) taught in EMI. The study highlights teachers’ concerns about their professional readiness to implement the top-down reform of English-medium education and discusses possible risks of academic underperforming on the part of students whose English language proficiency is not advanced. This paper argues that for the effective implementation of the English-medium education in secondary schools, the state should adopt a comprehensive approach to upgrading the national academic system where teachers’ attitudes and beliefs play the key role in making the trilingual education policy effective. The study presents lessons for other national academic systems considering to transfer its secondary education to English as a medium of instruction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20education" title="teacher education">teacher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teachers%27%20beliefs" title=" teachers' beliefs"> teachers' beliefs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trilingual%20education" title=" trilingual education"> trilingual education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title=" case study"> case study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84185/the-role-of-professional-teacher-development-in-introducing-trilingual-education-into-the-secondary-school-curriculum-lessons-from-kazakhstan-central-asia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84185.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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