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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Autentificare</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Cuprins" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cuprins</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Început</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funcții_deținute" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funcții_deținute"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Funcții deținute</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funcții_deținute-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bibliografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Wojciech Jaruzelski</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 75 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – aragoneză" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%AE_%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%8A" title="فويتشخ ياروزلسكي – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فويتشخ ياروزلسكي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%AE_%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%89" title="فويتشخ ياروزلسكى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فويتشخ ياروزلسكى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voy%C3%A7ex_Yaruzelski" title="Voyçex Yaruzelski – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Voyçex Yaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%85_%D0%AF%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Войцех Ярузельскі – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Войцех Ярузельскі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%85_%D0%AF%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Войцех Ярузэльскі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Войцех Ярузэльскі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%85_%D0%AF%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Войчех Ярузелски – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Войчех Ярузелски" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9B_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF" title="বয়সিয়েছ জারুজেলস্কি – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বয়সিয়েছ জারুজেলস্কি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%85" title="Ярузельский Войцех – ciuvașă" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ярузельский Войцех" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CF%8C%CE%B9%CF%84%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%87_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B6%CE%AD%CE%BB%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B9" title="Βόιτσεχ Γιαρουζέλσκι – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βόιτσεχ Γιαρουζέλσκι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Witold_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Witold Jaruzelski – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Wojciech Witold Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%AE_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="وویچیخ یاروزلسکی – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="وویچیخ یاروزلسکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A6%27%D7%9A_%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%96%D7%9C%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%99" title="וויצ'ך ירוזלסקי – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="וויצ'ך ירוזלסקי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%B8%D5%B5%D6%81%D5%A5%D5%AD_%D5%85%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A6%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%AB" title="Վոյցեխ Յարուզելսկի – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վոյցեխ Յարուզելսկի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%81%E3%82%A7%E3%83%95%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%82%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AD" title="ヴォイチェフ・ヤルゼルスキ – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヴォイチェフ・ヤルゼルスキ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%9D%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%AE_%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%96%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="ვოიცეხ იარუზელსკი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვოიცეხ იარუზელსკი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%EC%9D%B4%EC%B9%98%EC%97%90%ED%9D%90_%EC%95%BC%EB%A3%A8%EC%A0%A4%EC%8A%A4%ED%82%A4" title="보이치에흐 야루젤스키 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="보이치에흐 야루젤스키" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%92%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%85_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4" title="Ярузельский Вбицех Витольд – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ярузельский Вбицех Витольд" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vojcehs_Jaruzelskis" title="Vojcehs Jaruzelskis – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vojcehs Jaruzelskis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – malgașă" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%98%D1%9C%D0%B5%D1%85_%D0%88%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Војќех Јарузелски – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Војќех Јарузелски" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%85_%D0%AF%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Войцех Ярузельский – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Войцех Ярузельский" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%96_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9D%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="वॉयचेख यारुझेल्स्की – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="वॉयचेख यारुझेल्स्की" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%86%D8%AE_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="وویچخ یاروزلسکی – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="وویچخ یاروزلسکی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9,_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%85" title="Ярузельский, Войцех – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ярузельский, Войцех" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%98%D1%9B%D0%B5%D1%85_%D0%88%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Војћех Јарузелски – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Војћех Јарузелски" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – sileziană" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="sileziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%84_%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5" title="วอยแชค ยารูแซลสกี – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วอยแชค ยารูแซลสกี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%85_%D0%AF%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Войцех Ярузельский – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Войцех Ярузельский" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%85_%D0%AF%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Войцех Ярузельський – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Войцех Ярузельський" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E4%BC%8A%E5%88%87%E8%B5%AB%C2%B7%E9%9B%85%E9%B2%81%E6%B3%BD%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA" title="沃伊切赫·雅鲁泽尔斯基 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="沃伊切赫·雅鲁泽尔斯基" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%9D%E1%83%98%E1%83%A9%E1%83%94%E1%83%B0_%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%96%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="ვოიჩეჰ იარუზელსკი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ვოიჩეჰ იარუზელსკი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E4%BC%8A%E5%88%87%E8%B5%AB%C2%B7%E9%9B%85%E9%B2%81%E6%B3%BD%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA" title="沃伊切赫·雅鲁泽尔斯基 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="沃伊切赫·雅鲁泽尔斯基" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q55834#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Vedeți conținutul paginii [a]" accesskey="a"><span>Articol</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Ce_se_leag%C4%83_aici/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Lista tuturor paginilor wiki care conduc spre această pagină [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ce trimite aici</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Modific%C4%83ri_corelate/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" rel="nofollow" title="Schimbări recente în legătură cu această pagină [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Schimbări corelate</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Trimite_fișier" title="Încărcare fișiere [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Trimite fișier</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojciech_Jaruzelski&oldid=16468083" title="Legătură permanentă către această versiune a acestei pagini"><span>Legătură permanentă</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojciech_Jaruzelski&action=info" title="Mai multe informații despre această 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Carte&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Wojciech+Jaruzelski"><span>Creare carte</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Wojciech_Jaruzelski&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descărcare ca PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojciech_Jaruzelski&printable=yes" title="Versiunea de tipărit a acestei pagini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versiune de tipărit</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> În alte proiecte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li 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data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspect</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><table class="infocaseta"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="antet biografii" style="background-color:#E6E6FA;color:#000;">Wojciech Jaruzelski</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Gen._Wojciech_Jaruzelski_13_grudnia_1981.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Gen._Wojciech_Jaruzelski_13_grudnia_1981.JPG/220px-Gen._Wojciech_Jaruzelski_13_grudnia_1981.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Gen._Wojciech_Jaruzelski_13_grudnia_1981.JPG/330px-Gen._Wojciech_Jaruzelski_13_grudnia_1981.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Gen._Wojciech_Jaruzelski_13_grudnia_1981.JPG/440px-Gen._Wojciech_Jaruzelski_13_grudnia_1981.JPG 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="744" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E6E6FA;color:#000;border-top-style: solid; border-color:#aaa; border-top-width: 1px; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px">Date personale</th></tr><tr><th style=";">Născut</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><time datetime="1923-07-06"><a href="/wiki/6_iulie" title="6 iulie">6 iulie</a> <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a></time><sup id="cite_ref-acb6a78a0a562af9b28e9da05af753ad_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-acb6a78a0a562af9b28e9da05af753ad-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><sup id="cite_ref-bcb9ef716f90982d5b1db4578ddb4c5f_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bcb9ef716f90982d5b1db4578ddb4c5f-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><sup id="cite_ref-fd687465baa637de21cf39fcf45a545e_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fd687465baa637de21cf39fcf45a545e-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><sup id="cite_ref-3be167cf91ad87c440840ecea924fdf8_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3be167cf91ad87c440840ecea924fdf8-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><sup id="cite_ref-fd5fd6f8d5c759ecd0a5943c86d6a5cd_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fd5fd6f8d5c759ecd0a5943c86d6a5cd-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P569" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Kur%C3%B3w,_Lublin" title="Kurów, Lublin">Kurów</a>, <a href="/wiki/Voievodatul_Lublin" title="Voievodatul Lublin">Lublin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">Polonia</a><sup id="cite_ref-3be167cf91ad87c440840ecea924fdf8_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3be167cf91ad87c440840ecea924fdf8-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P19" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Decedat</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><time datetime="2014-05-25"><a href="/wiki/25_mai" title="25 mai">25 mai</a> <a href="/wiki/2014" title="2014">2014</a></time> (90 de ani)<sup id="cite_ref-acb6a78a0a562af9b28e9da05af753ad_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-acb6a78a0a562af9b28e9da05af753ad-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bcb9ef716f90982d5b1db4578ddb4c5f_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bcb9ef716f90982d5b1db4578ddb4c5f-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15a1c825d0152e22d2e1b8b2f2053aa9_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15a1c825d0152e22d2e1b8b2f2053aa9-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><sup id="cite_ref-fd5fd6f8d5c759ecd0a5943c86d6a5cd_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fd5fd6f8d5c759ecd0a5943c86d6a5cd-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fd687465baa637de21cf39fcf45a545e_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fd687465baa637de21cf39fcf45a545e-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P570" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Var%C8%99ovia" title="Varșovia">Varșovia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">Polonia</a><sup id="cite_ref-5b39383b980c4385f1794afcf04b21f8_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5b39383b980c4385f1794afcf04b21f8-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P20" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Înmormântat</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2790054" class="extiw" title="d:Q2790054">Cimitirul Militar Powązki</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimitirul_Militar_Pow%C4%85zki_(military_cemetery_located_in_the_%C5%BBoliborz_district)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cimitirul Militar Powązki (military cemetery located in the Żoliborz district) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P119" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Cauza decesului</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Moarte_din_cauze_naturale" title="Moarte din cauze naturale">cauze naturale</a> (<a href="/wiki/Accident_vascular_cerebral" title="Accident vascular cerebral">accident vascular cerebral</a>) <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P509" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Părinți</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120378977" class="extiw" title="d:Q120378977"><span lang="en">Władysław Jaruzelski</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Władysław Jaruzelski</span> (1888 - 1942)|]]</span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107274744" class="extiw" title="d:Q107274744"><span lang="pl">Wanda Jaruzelska</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="pl">Wanda Jaruzelska</span> ((1901-1966))|]]</span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P22" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Frați și surori</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107272993" class="extiw" title="d:Q107272993"><span lang="pl">Teresa Starnawska</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="pl">Teresa Starnawska</span> |]]</span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P3373" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Căsătorit cu</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";">Barbara Jaruzelska</td></tr><tr><th style=";">Copii</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15188000" class="extiw" title="d:Q15188000">Monika Jaruzelska</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monika_Jaruzelska_(jurnalist%C4%83_polonez%C4%83)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monika Jaruzelska (jurnalistă poloneză) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P40" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Cetățenie</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">Polonia</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P27" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Religie</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Liber-cuget%C4%83tor" title="Liber-cugetător">Liber-cugetător</a><span class="citationNeeded skin-invert"></span><sup class="noprint"><span style="color:red;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citarea_surselor" title="Wikipedia:Citarea surselor"><i>necesită citare</i></a>]</span></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16584850">.mw-parser-output .citationNeeded{background-color:#ffeaea;color:#444444}</style></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Ocupație</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">politician</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Militar" title="Militar">militar</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P106" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Limbi vorbite</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Limba_polonez%C4%83" title="Limba poloneză">limba poloneză</a><sup id="cite_ref-bcb9ef716f90982d5b1db4578ddb4c5f_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bcb9ef716f90982d5b1db4578ddb4c5f-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Limba_rus%C4%83" title="Limba rusă">limba rusă</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P1412" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E6E6FA;color:#000;border-top-style: solid; border-color:#aaa; border-top-width: 1px; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px"> Secretar General al <a href="/wiki/Partidul_Muncitoresc_Unit_Polonez" title="Partidul Muncitoresc Unit Polonez">PZPR</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><b>În funcție</b><br /><a href="/wiki/18_octombrie" title="18 octombrie">18 octombrie</a> <a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a> – <a href="/wiki/29_iulie" title="29 iulie">29 iulie</a> <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Precedat de</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Kania" title="Stanisław Kania">Stanisław Kania</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Succedat de</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Mieczys%C5%82aw_Rakowski" title="Mieczysław Rakowski">Mieczysław Rakowski</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E6E6FA;color:#000;border-top-style: solid; border-color:#aaa; border-top-width: 1px; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px"> Președintele Consiliului de Stat al <a href="/wiki/Republica_Popular%C4%83_Polon%C4%83" title="Republica Populară Polonă">Republicii Populare Polone</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><b>În funcție</b><br /><a href="/wiki/6_noiembrie" title="6 noiembrie">6 noiembrie</a> <a href="/wiki/1985" title="1985">1985</a> – <a href="/wiki/19_iulie" title="19 iulie">19 iulie</a> <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Precedat de</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henryk_Jab%C5%82o%C5%84ski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henryk Jabłoński — pagină inexistentă">Henryk Jabłoński</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Succedat de</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><i>Funcție desființată</i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E6E6FA;color:#000;border-top-style: solid; border-color:#aaa; border-top-width: 1px; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px"> Ministrul Apărării Naționale al Poloniei</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><b>În funcție</b><br /><a href="/wiki/1969" title="1969">1969</a> – <a href="/wiki/1985" title="1985">1985</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Precedat de</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Marian_Spychalski" title="Marian Spychalski">Marian Spychalski</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Succedat de</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Florian_Siwicki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Florian Siwicki — pagină inexistentă">Florian Siwicki</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E6E6FA;color:#000;border-top-style: solid; border-color:#aaa; border-top-width: 1px; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px"> Președintele Poloniei</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><b>În funcție</b><br /><a href="/wiki/19_iulie" title="19 iulie">19 iulie</a> <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a> – <a href="/wiki/21_decembrie" title="21 decembrie">21 decembrie</a> <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Precedat de</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><i>Funcție înființată</i></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Succedat de</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E6E6FA;color:#000;border-top-style: solid; border-color:#aaa; border-top-width: 1px; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px"> Prim-ministru al Poloniei</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><b>În funcție</b><br /><a href="/wiki/11_februarie" title="11 februarie">11 februarie</a> <a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a> – <a href="/wiki/6_noiembrie" title="6 noiembrie">6 noiembrie</a> <a href="/wiki/1985" title="1985">1985</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Precedat de</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B3zef_Pinkowski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Józef Pinkowski — pagină inexistentă">Józef Pinkowski</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Succedat de</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zbigniew_Messner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zbigniew Messner — pagină inexistentă">Zbigniew Messner</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Premii</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15715250" class="extiw" title="d:Q15715250">Ordinul Polonia Restituta în grad de cavaler</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordinul_Polonia_Restituta_%C3%AEn_grad_de_cavaler_(one_of_five_classes_in_a_Polish_order_of_chivalry)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ordinul Polonia Restituta în grad de cavaler (one of five classes in a Polish order of chivalry) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Ordinul_Lenin" title="Ordinul Lenin">Ordinul Lenin</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1986005" class="extiw" title="d:Q1986005">Medalia lui Jukov</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medalia_lui_Jukov_(medal_of_Russia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medalia lui Jukov (medal of Russia) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278798" class="extiw" title="d:Q278798">Medalia „Pentru Victoria asupra Germaniei în Marele Război Patriotic 1941–1945”</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medalia_%E2%80%9EPentru_Victoria_asupra_Germaniei_%C3%AEn_Marele_R%C4%83zboi_Patriotic_1941%E2%80%931945%E2%80%9D_(Soviet_campaign_medal_to_contributors_for_the_victory_over_Nazi_Germany)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medalia „Pentru Victoria asupra Germaniei în Marele Război Patriotic 1941–1945” (Soviet campaign medal to contributors for the victory over Nazi Germany) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Ordinul_Steagul_Ro%C8%99u" title="Ordinul Steagul Roșu">Ordinul Steagul Roșu</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17200714" class="extiw" title="d:Q17200714">Ordinul Coroanei Belgiei în grad de Comandor</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordinul_Coroanei_Belgiei_%C3%AEn_grad_de_Comandor_(appointment_in_the_Order_of_the_Crown_of_the_Kingdom_of_Belgium)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ordinul Coroanei Belgiei în grad de Comandor (appointment in the Order of the Crown of the Kingdom of Belgium) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728960" class="extiw" title="d:Q728960">Ordinul Revoluția din Octombrie</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordinul_Revolu%C8%9Bia_din_Octombrie_(decora%C8%9Bie_a_URSS)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ordinul Revoluția din Octombrie (decorație a URSS) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17366068" class="extiw" title="d:Q17366068">Ordinul Isabelei Catolica cu Colan</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordinul_Isabelei_Catolica_cu_Colan_(highest_class_grade_of_the_Order_of_Isabella_the_Catholic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ordinul Isabelei Catolica cu Colan (highest class grade of the Order of Isabella the Catholic) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span> <small>(<time datetime="1989">1989</time>)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Ordinul_Karl_Marx" title="Ordinul Karl Marx">Ordinul Karl Marx</a><br /> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P166" class="extiw" title="d:Q55834"><small>...mai multe...</small></a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Partid politic</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Partidul_Muncitoresc_Unit_Polonez" title="Partidul Muncitoresc Unit Polonez">PMUP</a> <small></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Partidul_Muncitoresc_Polonez" title="Partidul Muncitoresc Polonez">PPR</a> <small></small> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P102" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11684719" class="extiw" title="d:Q11684719"><span lang="pl">Akademia Sztabu Generalnego</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="pl">Akademia Sztabu Generalnego</span> |]]</span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16614793" class="extiw" title="d:Q16614793"><span lang="pl">Wieczorowy Uniwersytet Marksizmu-Leninizmu</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="pl">Wieczorowy Uniwersytet Marksizmu-Leninizmu</span> |]]</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E6E6FA;color:#000;border-top-style: solid; border-color:#aaa; border-top-width: 1px; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px">Semnătură</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wojciech_Jaruzelski_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img 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.infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style> <p><b>Wojciech Witold Jaruzelski</b> (<span class="unicode haudio"><span class="fn"><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Pl-Wojciech_Jaruzelski.ogg" title="Despre acest sunet"><img alt="Despre acest sunet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> </span><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Pl-Wojciech_Jaruzelski.ogg" class="internal" title="Pl-Wojciech Jaruzelski.ogg">ˈvɔɪtʃɛx ˌjɑːruːˈzɛlski</a></span> <small class="metadata audiolinkinfo" style="cursor:help;">(<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Media" title="Ajutor:Media"><span style="cursor:ajutor;">ajutor</span></a>·<a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Pl-Wojciech_Jaruzelski.ogg" title="Fișier:Pl-Wojciech Jaruzelski.ogg"><span style="cursor:ajutor;">info</span></a>)</small></span>; n. <time datetime="1923-07-06"><a href="/wiki/6_iulie" title="6 iulie">6 iulie</a> <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a></time>, <a href="/wiki/Kur%C3%B3w,_Lublin" title="Kurów, Lublin">Kurów</a>, <a href="/wiki/Voievodatul_Lublin" title="Voievodatul Lublin">Lublin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">Polonia</a> – d. <time datetime="2014-05-25"><a href="/wiki/25_mai" title="25 mai">25 mai</a> <a href="/wiki/2014" title="2014">2014</a></time>, <a href="/wiki/Var%C8%99ovia" title="Varșovia">Varșovia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">Polonia</a>) a fost unul din cei mai de seamă reprezentanți ai <a href="/wiki/Tratatul_de_la_Var%C8%99ovia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tratatul de la Varșovia">Tratatului de la Varșovia</a>, cunoscut pe plan mondial pentru reprimarea sângeroasă a protestatarilor sindicatului <a href="/wiki/Solidaritatea" title="Solidaritatea">Solidaritatea</a>, lucru realizat, în primul rând, prin impunerea a ceea ce s-a numit <a href="/wiki/Legea_mar%C8%9Bial%C4%83_%C3%AEn_Polonia" title="Legea marțială în Polonia">legea marțială</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografie">Biografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojciech_Jaruzelski&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Biografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojciech_Jaruzelski&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Biografie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wojciech Jaruzelski s-a născut la <a href="/wiki/6_iulie" title="6 iulie">6 iulie</a> <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a> într-o familie nobiliară cu tradiție militară. A fost crescut în regiunea <a href="/wiki/Bia%C5%82ystok" title="Białystok">Białystok</a>, urmând o instruire școlară catolică la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bielany&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bielany — pagină inexistentă">Bielany</a>. După <a href="/wiki/Invadarea_Poloniei_(1939)" title="Invadarea Poloniei (1939)">invadarea Poloniei</a> de către <a href="/wiki/Germania_Nazist%C4%83" title="Germania Nazistă">Germania Nazistă</a>, în <a href="/wiki/1939" title="1939">1939</a>, fuge, împreună cu toată familia, în <a href="/wiki/Lituania" title="Lituania">Lituania</a>, dar, după <a href="/wiki/Ocuparea_statelor_baltice" title="Ocuparea statelor baltice">ocuparea statelor baltice</a> de către <a href="/wiki/URSS" class="mw-redirect" title="URSS">URSS</a>, familia Jaruzelski este capturată de <a href="/wiki/Armata_Ro%C8%99ie" title="Armata Roșie">Armata Roșie</a> și deportată în <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a>. Datorită condițiilor grele de trai din zonele asiatice ale URSS, tatăl lui Jaruzelski moare, în <a href="/wiki/1942" title="1942">1942</a>, de dizenterie. Mama și sora sa au supraviețuit războiului (mama i-a murit în <a href="/wiki/1966" title="1966">1966</a>. </p><p>În <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a>, la vârsta de 16 ani, Jaruzelski este trimis la muncă forțată în <a href="/wiki/RSS_Kazah%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="RSS Kazahă">RSS Kazahă</a>, la minele de cărbuni din <a href="/wiki/Karaganda" title="Karaganda">Karaganda</a>. În această perioadă, a fost supus la pericole asupra ochilor săi și s-a îmbolnăvit de fotocheratită. De aceea, a fost nevoit să poarte ochelari de soare mult timp după aceea. </p><p>Sovieticii au început crearea unităților de luptă poloneze. În timpul cât a stat în Kazahstan, Jaruzelski și-a dorit să lupte împotriva comunismului și să se alăture rezistenței anticomuniste din Polonia, dar, în <a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a>, este înrolat în armata poloneză, pusă sub comandă sovietică. Jaruzelski este printre primii care se alătură acestor unități și luptă în războiul anti-hitlerist, luând parte la luarea <a href="/wiki/Var%C8%99ovia" title="Varșovia">Varșoviei</a> și la bătălia pentru <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>. Devine astfel ofițer al <a href="/wiki/Armata_Polonez%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Armata Poloneză">Armatei Poloneze</a>, după ce urmează Școala de Infanterie. La sfârșitul războiului, avea gradul de locotenent. Se încadrează politic în cadrul <a href="/wiki/Partidul_Muncitoresc_Unit_Polonez" title="Partidul Muncitoresc Unit Polonez">Partidului Muncitoresc Unit Polonez</a> (<i>Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza</i>-PZPR) în <a href="/wiki/1948" title="1948">1948</a>. </p><p>Imediat după Război, ia parte la reprimarea mișcării poloneze de rezistența anticomunistă. În <a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a> devine membru al Comitetului Central al PZPR și, în <a href="/wiki/1968" title="1968">1968</a>, este numit Ministru al Apărării, comandând trupele poloneze în invazia <a href="/wiki/Cehoslovacia" title="Cehoslovacia">Cehoslovaciei</a> de către trupele <a href="/wiki/Tratatul_de_la_Var%C8%99ovia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tratatul de la Varșovia">Tratatului de la Varșovia</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wojciech_Jaruzelski.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Wojciech_Jaruzelski.jpg/170px-Wojciech_Jaruzelski.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Wojciech_Jaruzelski.jpg/255px-Wojciech_Jaruzelski.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Wojciech_Jaruzelski.jpg/340px-Wojciech_Jaruzelski.jpg 2x" data-file-width="421" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Wojciech Jaruzelski în 1968</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Jaruzelski_Castro_1972.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Jaruzelski_Castro_1972.jpg/220px-Jaruzelski_Castro_1972.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Jaruzelski_Castro_1972.jpg/330px-Jaruzelski_Castro_1972.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Jaruzelski_Castro_1972.jpg 2x" data-file-width="412" data-file-height="312" /></a><figcaption>Jaruzelski și Fidel Castro în Polonia, mai 1972</figcaption></figure> <p>În <a href="/wiki/1970" title="1970">1970</a> este implicat în complotul prin care <a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Gomu%C5%82ka" title="Władysław Gomułka">Władysław Gomułka</a>, secretarul general al PZPR, este forțat să demisioneze și este înlocuit cu <a href="/wiki/Edward_Gierek" title="Edward Gierek">Edward Gierek</a>. </p><p>După creșterea popularității sindicatului Solidaritatea, în 1981, Jaruzelski devine secretar general al PZPR și prim-ministru. La vremea respectivă, a fost singurul conducător al vreunui stat comunist european de profesie cadru militar. După două săptămâni de la preluarea puterii, s-a întâlnit cu liderul sindicatului Solidaritatea, <a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a> și cu arhiepiscopul catolic <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B3zef_Glemp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Józef Glemp — pagină inexistentă">Józef Glemp</a>, pentru a discuta despre aducerea <a href="/wiki/Biserica_Catolic%C4%83" title="Biserica Catolică">Bisericii Catolice</a> și a sindicatului într-o așa-zisă coaliție de guvernare. </p><p>Pe <a href="/wiki/13_decembrie" title="13 decembrie">13 decembrie</a> 1981, impune Legea Marțială și începe operațiunile de represiune militară împotriva protestatarilor. A reușit să împiedice, astfel, intervenția trupelor sovietice. Pentru aceasta, a format un <i>Consiliu Militar al Salvării Naționale</i>, al cărui președinte a fost. Atunci, știrile <a href="/wiki/BBC" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC">BBC</a> au calificat legea marțială ca fiind <i>o încercare de a suprima sindicatul Solidaritatea</i>. </p><p>În 1982 îl eliberează pe liderul sindicatului Solidaritatea (<i>Solidarność</i>), Lech Wałęsa și îi dă dreptul să lucreze la Șantierul Naval din <a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk" title="Gdańsk">Gdańsk</a>, ca electrician. De asemenea, problemele economice (doar către statele occidentale Polonia avea o datorie de 35 miliarde de dolari) îl forțează să ia măsuri mai liberale. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wojciech_Jaruzelski_%26_Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Wojciech_Jaruzelski_%26_Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu.jpg/220px-Wojciech_Jaruzelski_%26_Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Wojciech_Jaruzelski_%26_Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu.jpg/330px-Wojciech_Jaruzelski_%26_Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Wojciech_Jaruzelski_%26_Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu.jpg/440px-Wojciech_Jaruzelski_%26_Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="498" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Jaruzelski și <a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu" title="Nicolae Ceaușescu">Nicolae Ceaușescu</a></figcaption></figure> <p>În 1985 a demisionat din funcția de prim-ministru și de ministru al Apărării Naționale și devine președinte al Consiliului de Stat al Republicii Populare Polone. </p><p>Urmând linia politica de decongestionare a sistemului comunist, promovată de <a href="/wiki/Mihail_Gorbaciov" title="Mihail Gorbaciov">Mihail Gorbaciov</a>, a invitat membrii sindicatului <a href="/wiki/Solidaritatea" title="Solidaritatea">Solidaritatea</a> la negocieri („masa rotundă”) în <a href="/wiki/1988" title="1988">1988</a>, după ce, în <a href="/wiki/1986" title="1986">1986</a>, eliberează o parte a deținuților politici. Polonia devine, astfel, prima și singura țară <a href="/wiki/Comunism" title="Comunism">comunistă</a> fără deținuți politici. Jaruzelski încearcă, astfel, să redreseze situația economică dezastruoasă. Politica lui a fost, însă, doar un experiment gorbaciovist într-o țară comunistă est-europeană. </p><p>Se creează astfel compromisul dintre partid și societatea civilă: negocieri, dezbateri, participare la guvernare, libertate de expresie precum și limitarea efectivelor birocraților. </p><p>Prin astfel de "mese rotunde" liderul polonez eliberează premisele pentru o viitoare economie de piață. Încearcă, de altfel, și crearea unei mari coaliții între Partidul Comunist și Solidaritatea, însă <a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a> refuză. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wojciech_jaruzelski_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Wojciech_jaruzelski_2006.jpg/220px-Wojciech_jaruzelski_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Wojciech_jaruzelski_2006.jpg/330px-Wojciech_jaruzelski_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Wojciech_jaruzelski_2006.jpg/440px-Wojciech_jaruzelski_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Wojciech Jaruzelski în 2006</figcaption></figure> <p>În <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a> demisionează, Lech Wałęsa luându-i locul în funcția de șef al statului. Din <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a>, este membru al <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alian%C8%9Ba_St%C3%A2ngii_Democrate_din_Polonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alianța Stângii Democrate din Polonia — pagină inexistentă">Alianței Stângii Democrate</a> din <a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">Polonia</a>. În 2010 este acuzat de <i>crimă comunistă</i> pentru faptul că a impus <a href="/wiki/Legea_mar%C8%9Bial%C4%83_%C3%AEn_Polonia" title="Legea marțială în Polonia">legea marțială</a>, dar starea sa de sănătate îl împiedică să asiste la proces. Un an mai târziu, este diagnosticat cu <a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a> limfatic. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funcții_deținute"><span id="Func.C8.9Bii_de.C8.9Binute"></span>Funcții deținute</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojciech_Jaruzelski&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Funcții deținute" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojciech_Jaruzelski&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Funcții deținute"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1965-1985 Ministru al Apărării Naționale al Poloniei</li> <li>1981-1985 Prim-ministru al Poloniei</li> <li>1985-1989 Președinte al Consiliului de Stat al Poloniei</li> <li>1989-1990 Președinte al Poloniei</li> <li>1981-1990 Secretar General al Partidului Muncitoresc Unit Polonez</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojciech_Jaruzelski&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojciech_Jaruzelski&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-acb6a78a0a562af9b28e9da05af753ad-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-acb6a78a0a562af9b28e9da05af753ad_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-acb6a78a0a562af9b28e9da05af753ad_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brockhaus.de/"><i>Wojciech Jaruzelski</i></a>, <span lang="de">Brockhaus Enzyklopädie</span><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2017-10-09">9 octombrie 2017</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wojciech+Jaruzelski&rft.pub=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22de%22%3EBrockhaus+Enzyklop%C3%A4die%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brockhaus.de%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AWojciech+Jaruzelski" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bcb9ef716f90982d5b1db4578ddb4c5f-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bcb9ef716f90982d5b1db4578ddb4c5f_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bcb9ef716f90982d5b1db4578ddb4c5f_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bcb9ef716f90982d5b1db4578ddb4c5f_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/"><i>Autoritatea BnF</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2015-10-10">10 octombrie 2015</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Autoritatea+BnF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.bnf.fr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AWojciech+Jaruzelski" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fd687465baa637de21cf39fcf45a545e-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fd687465baa637de21cf39fcf45a545e_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fd687465baa637de21cf39fcf45a545e_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bs.sejm.gov.pl/F?func=find-acc&acc_sequence=000054803&find_code=SYS&local_base=ARS10">https://bs.sejm.gov.pl/F?func=find-acc&acc_sequence=000054803&find_code=SYS&local_base=ARS10</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbs.sejm.gov.pl%2FF%3Ffunc%3Dfind-acc%26acc_sequence%3D000054803%26find_code%3DSYS%26local_base%3DARS10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AWojciech+Jaruzelski" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3be167cf91ad87c440840ecea924fdf8-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-3be167cf91ad87c440840ecea924fdf8_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-3be167cf91ad87c440840ecea924fdf8_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/301467/Wojciech-Witold-Jaruzelski">http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/301467/Wojciech-Witold-Jaruzelski</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F301467%2FWojciech-Witold-Jaruzelski&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AWojciech+Jaruzelski" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fd5fd6f8d5c759ecd0a5943c86d6a5cd-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fd5fd6f8d5c759ecd0a5943c86d6a5cd_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fd5fd6f8d5c759ecd0a5943c86d6a5cd_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://roglo.eu/roglo"><i>Wojciech Witold Jaruzelski</i></a>, <span lang="en">Roglo</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wojciech+Witold+Jaruzelski&rft.pub=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3ERoglo%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Froglo.eu%2Froglo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AWojciech+Jaruzelski" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15a1c825d0152e22d2e1b8b2f2053aa9-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15a1c825d0152e22d2e1b8b2f2053aa9_6-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discogs.com"><i>Wojciech Jaruzelski</i></a>, Discogs<span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2017-10-09">9 octombrie 2017</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wojciech+Jaruzelski&rft.pub=Discogs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.discogs.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AWojciech+Jaruzelski" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5b39383b980c4385f1794afcf04b21f8-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5b39383b980c4385f1794afcf04b21f8_7-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118938398">„Wojciech Jaruzelski”</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">Gemeinsame Normdatei</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2014-12-30">30 decembrie 2014</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Wojciech+Jaruzelski&rft.btitle=Gemeinsame+Normdatei&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fd-nb.info%2Fgnd%2F118938398&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AWojciech+Jaruzelski" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojciech_Jaruzelski&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Bibliografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojciech_Jaruzelski&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Jean-Francois Soulet "Istoria Comparată a statelor comuniste din 1945 până în zilele noastre" Polirom 1999</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojciech_Jaruzelski&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojciech_Jaruzelski&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jurnalul.ro/scinteia/special/sovieticii-l-au-sprijinit-logistic-pe-jaruzelski-516052.html">Sovieticii l-au sprijinit logistic pe Jaruzelski</a>, 29 iulie 2009, Dr. Petre Opriș, <i>Jurnalul Național</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jurnalul.ro/scinteia/special/generalul-wojciech-jaruzelski-s-a-autonumit-presedintele-poloniei-515068.html">Generalul Wojciech Jaruzelski s-a autonumit președintele Poloniei</a>, 18 iulie 2009, Dr. Petre Opriș, <i>Jurnalul Național</i></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Președinții_Poloniei" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Format:Pre%C8%99edin%C8%9Bii_Poloniei" title="Format:Președinții Poloniei"><abbr title="Vizualizează acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Pre%C8%99edin%C8%9Bii_Poloniei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:Președinții Poloniei — pagină inexistentă"><abbr title="Discută acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Pre%C8%99edin%C8%9Bii_Poloniei&action=edit"><abbr title="Modifică acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">m</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Președinții_Poloniei" class="whiteText" style="font-size:100%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pre%C8%99edinte_al_Poloniei" class="mw-redirect" title="Președinte al Poloniei">Președinții Poloniei</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/A_doua_Republic%C4%83_Polonez%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="A doua Republică Poloneză">A <i>doua</i> Republica Polonă</a><br />(1918–1939)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Pi%C5%82sudski" title="Józef Piłsudski">Józef Piłsudski</a> (<a href="/wiki/Naczelnik_Pa%C5%84stwa" title="Naczelnik Państwa">Șeful Statului</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Narutowicz" title="Gabriel Narutowicz">Gabriel Narutowicz</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maciej_Rataj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maciej Rataj — pagină inexistentă">Maciej Rataj</a> (interimar) • <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Wojciechowski" title="Stanisław Wojciechowski">Stanisław Wojciechowski</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maciej_Rataj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maciej Rataj — pagină inexistentă">Maciej Rataj</a> (interimar) • <a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Mo%C5%9Bcicki" title="Ignacy Mościcki">Ignacy Mościcki</a></div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a 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style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boles%C5%82aw_Wieniawa-D%C5%82ugoszowski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bolesław Wieniawa-Długoszowski — pagină inexistentă">Bolesław Wieniawa-Długoszowski</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Raczkiewicz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Władysław Raczkiewicz — pagină inexistentă">Władysław Raczkiewicz</a> • <a href="/wiki/August_Zaleski" title="August Zaleski">August Zaleski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Rada_Trzech" title="Rada Trzech">Troica</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stanis%C5%82aw_Ostrowski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stanisław Ostrowski — pagină inexistentă">Stanisław Ostrowski</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Raczy%C5%84ski_(1891-1993)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Raczyński (1891-1993) — pagină inexistentă">Edward Raczyński</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazimierz_Sabbat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kazimierz Sabbat — pagină inexistentă">Kazimierz Sabbat</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryszard_Kaczorowski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ryszard Kaczorowski — pagină inexistentă">Ryszard Kaczorowski</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Republica Polonă comunista "Polonia Populară"<br />(1944–1952)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Boles%C5%82aw_Bierut" title="Bolesław Bierut">Bolesław Bierut</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Popular%C4%83_Polon%C4%83" title="Republica Populară Polonă">Republica Populară Polonă</a><br />(1952–1989)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Consiliul_de_Stat_Polonez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Consiliul de Stat Polonez — pagină inexistentă">Consiliul de Stat Polonez</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Popular%C4%83_Polon%C4%83" title="Republica Populară Polonă">Republica Populară Polonă</a><br />(1989–1990)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wojciech Jaruzelski</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">A <i>treia</i> Republica Polonă</a><br />(1990–prezent)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wojciech Jaruzelski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a> • <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Kwa%C5%9Bniewski" title="Aleksander Kwaśniewski">Aleksander Kwaśniewski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lech_Kaczy%C5%84ski" title="Lech Kaczyński">Lech Kaczyński</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bronis%C5%82aw_Komorowski" title="Bronisław Komorowski">Bronisław Komorowski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Duda" title="Andrzej Duda">Andrzej Duda</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16786155">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:0 auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .navbox-image,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-list{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-even,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .whiteText{color:#fff}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important;background:transparent!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important;background:transparent!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Personalități_marcante_ale_Războiului_Rece" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Format:Personalit%C4%83%C8%9Bi_marcante_ale_R%C4%83zboiului_Rece" title="Format:Personalități marcante ale Războiului Rece"><abbr title="Vizualizează acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Personalit%C4%83%C8%9Bi_marcante_ale_R%C4%83zboiului_Rece&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:Personalități marcante ale Războiului Rece — pagină inexistentă"><abbr title="Discută acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Personalit%C4%83%C8%9Bi_marcante_ale_R%C4%83zboiului_Rece&action=edit"><abbr title="Modifică acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">m</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Personalități_marcante_ale_Războiului_Rece" class="whiteText" style="font-size:100%;margin:0 4em">Personalități marcante ale <a href="/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_Rece" title="Războiul Rece">Războiului Rece</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Statele Unite ale Americii">Statele Unite</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt" title="Franklin Delano Roosevelt">Franklin Delano Roosevelt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dwight_David_Eisenhower" title="Dwight David Eisenhower">Dwight David Eisenhower</a> • <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> • <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> • <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> • <a href="/wiki/George_Marshall" title="George Marshall">George Marshall</a> • <a href="/wiki/Joseph_McCarthy" title="Joseph McCarthy">Joseph McCarthy</a> • <a href="/wiki/John_Foster_Dulles" title="John Foster Dulles">John Foster Dulles</a> • <a href="/wiki/Robert_McNamara" title="Robert McNamara">Robert McNamara</a> • <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a> • <a href="/wiki/George_P._Shultz" title="George P. Shultz">George P. Shultz</a> • <a href="/wiki/Caspar_Weinberger" title="Caspar Weinberger">Caspar Weinberger</a> • <a href="/wiki/Douglas_MacArthur" title="Douglas MacArthur">Douglas MacArthur</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Westmoreland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Westmoreland — pagină inexistentă">William Westmoreland</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ethel_%C8%99i_Julius_Rosenberg" title="Ethel și Julius Rosenberg">Ethel și Julius Rosenberg</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aldrich_Ames&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aldrich Ames — pagină inexistentă">Aldrich Ames</a> • <a href="/wiki/Harry_Gold" title="Harry Gold">Harry Gold</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/URSS" class="mw-redirect" title="URSS">URSS</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Iosif_Vissarionovici_Stalin" title="Iosif Vissarionovici Stalin">I. V. Stalin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gheorghi_Malenkov" title="Gheorghi Malenkov">Gheorghi Malenkov</a> • <a href="/wiki/Viaceslav_Molotov" class="mw-redirect" title="Viaceslav Molotov">Viaceslav Molotov</a> • <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Grom%C3%AEko" title="Andrei Gromîko">Andrei Gromîko</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoli_Dobr%C3%AEnin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anatoli Dobrînin — pagină inexistentă">Anatoli Dobrînin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Alexei_Kos%C3%AEghin" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexei Kosîghin">Alexei Kosîghin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nikita_Hru%C8%99ciov" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikita Hrușciov">Nikita Hrușciov</a> • <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Brejnev" title="Leonid Brejnev">Leonid Brejnev</a> • <a href="/wiki/Iuri_Andropov" class="mw-redirect" title="Iuri Andropov">Iuri Andropov</a> • <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Cernenko" title="Konstantin Cernenko">Konstantin Cernenko</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mihail_Gorbaciov" title="Mihail Gorbaciov">Mihail Gorbaciov</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_R%C3%AEjkov" title="Nikolai Rîjkov">Nikolai Rîjkov</a> • <a href="/wiki/Eduard_%C8%98evardnadze" title="Eduard Șevardnadze">Eduard Șevardnadze</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ghenadi_Ianaev" title="Ghenadi Ianaev">Ghenadi Ianaev</a> • <a href="/wiki/Boris_El%C8%9Bin" class="mw-redirect" title="Boris Elțin">Boris Elțin</a>  • <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Ivanovici_Abel" title="Rudolf Ivanovici Abel">Rudolf Ivanovici Abel</a> • <a href="/wiki/Igor_Orlov" title="Igor Orlov">Igor Orlov</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oleg_Gordievski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oleg Gordievski — pagină inexistentă">Oleg Gordievski</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Regatul_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Regatul Unit">Regatul Unit</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> • <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a> • <a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Clement Attlee</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Bevin" title="Ernest Bevin">Ernest Bevin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Harold_Macmillan" title="Harold Macmillan">Harold Macmillan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Alec_Douglas-Home" title="Alec Douglas-Home">Alec Douglas-Home</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kim_Philby" title="Kim Philby">Kim Philby</a> • <a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a> • <a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Edward Heath</a> • <a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a>  • <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Blunt" title="Anthony Blunt">Anthony Blunt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Guy_Burgess" title="Guy Burgess">Guy Burgess</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_Maclean_(spion)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald Maclean (spion) — pagină inexistentă">Donald Maclean</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C8%9Ba" title="Franța">Franța</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Auriol" title="Vincent Auriol">Vincent Auriol</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Coty" title="René Coty">René Coty</a> • <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alain_Poher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alain Poher — pagină inexistentă">Alain Poher</a> • <a href="/wiki/Georges_Pompidou" title="Georges Pompidou">Georges Pompidou</a> • <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Federal%C4%83_Germania" class="mw-redirect" title="Republica Federală Germania">RFG</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> • <a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a> • <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Walter_Hallstein" title="Walter Hallstein">Walter Hallstein</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Democrat%C4%83_German%C4%83" title="Republica Democrată Germană">RDG</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Erich_Honecker" title="Erich Honecker">Erich Honecker</a> • <a href="/wiki/Walter_Ulbricht" title="Walter Ulbricht">Walter Ulbricht</a> • <a href="/wiki/Egon_Krenz" title="Egon Krenz">Egon Krenz</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%BCnter_Guillaume&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Günter Guillaume — pagină inexistentă">Günter Guillaume</a> • <a href="/wiki/Markus_Wolf" title="Markus Wolf">Markus Wolf</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Socialist%C4%83_Cehoslovacia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republica Socialistă Cehoslovacia">Cehoslovacia</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dub%C4%8Dek" title="Alexander Dubček">Alexander Dubček</a> • <a href="/wiki/Milan_Kundera" title="Milan Kundera">Milan Kundera</a> • <a href="/wiki/Klement_Gottwald" title="Klement Gottwald">Klement Gottwald</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jan_Palach" title="Jan Palach">Jan Palach</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gust%C3%A1v_Hus%C3%A1k" title="Gustáv Husák">Gustáv Husák</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Novotny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antonín Novotny — pagină inexistentă">Antonín Novotny</a> • <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Havel" title="Václav Havel">Václav Havel</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Popular%C4%83_Polon%C4%83" title="Republica Populară Polonă">Polonia</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wojciech Jaruzelski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a> • <a href="/wiki/Papa_Ioan_Paul_al_II-lea" title="Papa Ioan Paul al II-lea">Papa Ioan Paul al II-lea</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Boles%C5%82aw_Bierut" title="Bolesław Bierut">Bolesław Bierut</a> • <a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Gomu%C5%82ka" title="Władysław Gomułka">Władysław Gomułka</a>  • <a href="/wiki/Edward_Gierek" title="Edward Gierek">Edward Gierek</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Popular%C4%83_Ungar%C4%83" title="Republica Populară Ungară">Ungaria</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1ty%C3%A1s_R%C3%A1kosi" title="Mátyás Rákosi">Mátyás Rákosi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Imre_Nagy_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Imre Nagy (politician)">Imre Nagy</a> • <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1nos_K%C3%A1d%C3%A1r" title="János Kádár">János Kádár</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gyula_Horn" title="Gyula Horn">Gyula Horn</a> • <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3_Rajk" title="László Rajk">László Rajk</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_N%C3%A9meth" title="Miklós Németh">Miklós Németh</a> • <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Viktor Orbán</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gy%C3%B6rgy_L%C3%A1z%C3%A1r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="György Lázár — pagină inexistentă">György Lázár</a> • <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A1roly_Gr%C3%B3sz" title="Károly Grósz">Károly Grósz</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portugalia" title="Portugalia">Portugalia</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_de_Oliveira_Salazar" title="António de Oliveira Salazar">António de Oliveira Salazar</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcelo_Caetano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcelo Caetano — pagină inexistentă">Marcelo Caetano</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81lvaro_Cunhal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Álvaro Cunhal — pagină inexistentă">Álvaro Cunhal</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salgueiro_Maia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salgueiro Maia — pagină inexistentă">Salgueiro Maia</a> • <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1rio_Soares" title="Mário Soares">Mário Soares</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Socialist%C4%83_Rom%C3%A2nia" title="Republica Socialistă România">România</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Gheorghiu-Dej" title="Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej">Gh. Gheorghiu-Dej</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu" title="Nicolae Ceaușescu">Nicolae Ceaușescu</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ion_Mihai_Pacepa" title="Ion Mihai Pacepa">Ion Mihai Pacepa</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mihai_al_Rom%C3%A2niei" class="mw-redirect" title="Mihai al României">Mihai al României</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ion_Gheorghe_Maurer" title="Ion Gheorghe Maurer">Ion Gheorghe Maurer</a> • <a href="/wiki/Chivu_Stoica" title="Chivu Stoica">Chivu Stoica</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Popular%C4%83_Bulgar%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Republica Populară Bulgară">Bulgaria</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Todor_Jivkov" title="Todor Jivkov">Todor Jivkov</a> • <a href="/wiki/Petar_Mladenov" class="mw-redirect" title="Petar Mladenov">Petar Mladenov</a>  • <a href="/wiki/Jeliu_Jelev" title="Jeliu Jelev">Jeliu Jelev</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vasil_Kolarov" title="Vasil Kolarov">Vasil Kolarov</a> • <a href="/wiki/Simeon_al_II-lea_al_Bulgariei" class="mw-redirect" title="Simeon al II-lea al Bulgariei">Simeon al II-lea</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gheorghi_Dimitrov" title="Gheorghi Dimitrov">Gheorghi Dimitrov</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Federativ%C4%83_Iugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republica Federativă Iugoslavia">Iugoslavia</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" class="mw-redirect" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a> • <a href="/wiki/Milovan_%C4%90ilas" title="Milovan Đilas">Milovan Đilas</a>  • <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Ribar" title="Ivan Ribar">Ivan Ribar</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ante_Markovi%C4%87" title="Ante Marković">Ante Marković</a> • <a href="/wiki/Stjepan_Mesi%C4%87" title="Stjepan Mesić">Stjepan Mesić</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Enver_Hodja" title="Enver Hodja">Enver Hodja</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ramiz_Alia" title="Ramiz Alia">Ramiz Alia</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Sali_Berisha" title="Sali Berisha">Sali Berisha</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Finlanda" title="Finlanda">Finlanda</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Urho_Kekkonen" title="Urho Kekkonen">Urho Kekkonen</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Alcide_De_Gasperi" title="Alcide De Gasperi">Alcide De Gasperi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti">Palmiro Togliatti</a> • <a href="/wiki/Giulio_Andreotti" title="Giulio Andreotti">Giulio Andreotti</a> • <a href="/wiki/Aldo_Moro" title="Aldo Moro">Aldo Moro</a> • <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Berlinguer" title="Enrico Berlinguer">Enrico Berlinguer</a> • <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Cossiga" title="Francesco Cossiga">Francesco Cossiga</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bettino_Craxi" title="Bettino Craxi">Bettino Craxi</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spania" title="Spania">Spania</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Francisco Franco</a> • <a href="/wiki/Juan_Carlos_I_al_Spaniei" title="Juan Carlos I al Spaniei">Juan Carlos I</a> • <a href="/wiki/Adolfo_Su%C3%A1rez" title="Adolfo Suárez">Adolfo Suárez</a> • <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Felipe González">Felipe González</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luis_Carrero-Blanco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luis Carrero-Blanco — pagină inexistentă">Luis Carrero-Blanco</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Felipe González">Felipe González</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vatican" title="Vatican">Vatican</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Papa_Pius_al_XII-lea" title="Papa Pius al XII-lea">papa Pius al XII-lea</a> • <a href="/wiki/Papa_Ioan_al_XXIII-lea" title="Papa Ioan al XXIII-lea">papa Ioan al XXIII-lea</a> • <a href="/wiki/Papa_Paul_al_VI-lea" title="Papa Paul al VI-lea">papa Paul al VI-lea</a> • <a href="/wiki/Agostino_Casaroli" title="Agostino Casaroli">Agostino Casaroli</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luigi_Poggi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luigi Poggi — pagină inexistentă">Luigi Poggi</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Popular%C4%83_Chinez%C4%83" title="Republica Populară Chineză">China</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a> • <a href="/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhou Enlai">Zhou Enlai</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hua_Guofeng" title="Hua Guofeng">Hua Guofeng</a> • <a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Zhao_Ziyang" title="Zhao Ziyang">Zhao Ziyang</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Chinez%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Republica Chineză">Republica Chineză</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" title="Chiang Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Republica Cuba</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a> • <a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Che Guevara</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lyon_Mackenzie_King&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Lyon Mackenzie King — pagină inexistentă">William Lyon Mackenzie King</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_St._Laurent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis St. Laurent — pagină inexistentă">Louis St. Laurent</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lester_B._Pearson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lester B. Pearson — pagină inexistentă">Lester Pearson</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Clark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joe Clark — pagină inexistentă">Joe Clark</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Turner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Turner — pagină inexistentă">John Turner</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brian_Mulroney&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brian Mulroney — pagină inexistentă">Brian Mulroney</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell">Kim Campbell</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orientul<br /> Apropiat</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Egipt" title="Egipt">Egipt</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a> • <a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat" title="Anwar Sadat">Anwar Sadat</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" class="mw-redirect" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" class="mw-redirect" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Moshe_Dayan" title="Moshe Dayan">Moshe Dayan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ariel_Sharon" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariel Sharon">Ariel Sharon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ezer_Weizman" title="Ezer Weizman">Ezer Weizman</a> • <a href="/wiki/Golda_Meir" title="Golda Meir">Golda Meir</a> • <a href="/wiki/David_Ben-Gurion" class="mw-redirect" title="David Ben-Gurion">David Ben-Gurion</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Siria" title="Siria">Siria</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hafez_al-Assad" title="Hafez al-Assad">Hafez al-Assad</a> • <a href="/wiki/Michel_Aflaq" title="Michel Aflaq">Michel Aflaq</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salah_Jadid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salah Jadid — pagină inexistentă">Salah Jadid</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi" title="Mohammad Reza Pahlavi">Mohammad Reza Pahlavi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mosaddegh" title="Mohammad Mosaddegh">Mohammad Mosaddegh</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Ayatollah Khomeini</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_al-Karim_Qasim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abd al-Karim Qasim — pagină inexistentă">Abd al-Karim Qasim</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmed_Hassan_al-Bakr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr — pagină inexistentă">Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr</a> <a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Palestina" class="mw-disambig" title="Palestina">Palestina</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a> • <a href="/wiki/George_Habash" title="George Habash">George Habash</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16786155"></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Coreea_de_Nord" title="Coreea de Nord">Coreea de Nord</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Kim_Ir-sen" title="Kim Ir-sen">Kim Ir-sen</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Coreea_de_Sud" title="Coreea de Sud">Coreea de Sud</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Syngman_Rhee" title="Syngman Rhee">Syngman Rhee</a> • <a href="/wiki/Park_Chung-hee" title="Park Chung-hee">Park Chung-hee</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Ho_%C8%98i_Min" title="Ho Și Min">Ho Și Min</a> • <a href="/wiki/Le_Duan" title="Le Duan">Le Duan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ngo_Dinh_Diem" class="mw-redirect" title="Ngo Dinh Diem">Ngo Dinh Diem</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_V%C4%83n_Thi%E1%BB%87u" title="Nguyễn Văn Thiệu">Nguyễn Văn Thiệu</a>  • <a href="/wiki/V%C3%B5_Nguy%C3%AAn_Gi%C3%A1p" title="Võ Nguyên Giáp">Võ Nguyên Giáp</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia">Japonia</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hirohito" title="Hirohito">Hirohito</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kakuei_Tanaka" title="Kakuei Tanaka">Kakuei Tanaka</a> • <a href="/wiki/Yasuhiro_Nakasone" title="Yasuhiro Nakasone">Yasuhiro Nakasone</a> • <a href="/wiki/Toshiki_Kaifu" title="Toshiki Kaifu">Toshiki Kaifu</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Cambodgia" title="Cambodgia">Cambodgia</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Pol_Pot" title="Pol Pot">Pol Pot</a> • <a href="/wiki/Norodom_Sihanouk" title="Norodom Sihanouk">Norodom Sihanouk</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lon_Nol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lon Nol — pagină inexistentă">Lon Nol</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi" title="Indira Gandhi">Indira Gandhi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal 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title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fidel_V._Ramos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fidel V. 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style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Agostinho_Neto" title="Agostinho Neto">Agostinho Neto</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Eduardo_dos_Santos" title="José Eduardo dos Santos">José Eduardo dos Santos</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonas_Savimbi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jonas Savimbi — pagină inexistentă">Jonas Savimbi</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" 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