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href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduktion"><span>Introduktion</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deltagarportalen" title="Om projektet, vad du kan göra, var man kan hitta saker"><span>Deltagarportalen</span></a></li><li id="n-Bybrunnen" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bybrunnen"><span>Bybrunnen</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_%C3%A4ndringar" title="Lista över de senaste ändringarna på wikin [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Senaste ändringarna</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Slumpsida" title="Gå till en slumpmässigt vald sida [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Slumpartikel</span></a></li><li id="n-filuppladdning" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard" title="Ladda upp filer till Wikimedia Commons"><span>Ladda upp filer</span></a></li><li id="n-Kontakta-Wikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sv.wikipedia.org&uselang=sv" class=""><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&returnto=Bas+%28kemi%29" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt" class=""><span>Skapa konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Inloggning&returnto=Bas+%28kemi%29" title="Inloggning ger tillgång till fler funktioner för den som vill skriva och redigera artiklar. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Logga in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Fler alternativ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personliga verktyg" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personliga verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Användarmeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sv.wikipedia.org&uselang=sv"><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&returnto=Bas+%28kemi%29" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skapa konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Inloggning&returnto=Bas+%28kemi%29" title="Inloggning ger tillgång till fler funktioner för den som vill skriva och redigera artiklar. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logga in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sidor för utloggade redigerare <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lp:Introduktion" aria-label="Läs mer om redigering"><span>läs mer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mina_bidrag" title="En lista över redigeringar från denna IP-adress [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Min_diskussion" title="Diskussion om redigeringar från det här IP-numret [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innehåll" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innehåll</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Definitioner" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definitioner"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Definitioner</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Definitioner-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Definitioner</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Definitioner-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rouelle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rouelle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Rouelle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rouelle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arrhenius" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arrhenius"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Arrhenius</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arrhenius-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brønsted–Lowry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brønsted–Lowry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Brønsted–Lowry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brønsted–Lowry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lewis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lewis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Lewis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lewis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Basicitet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basicitet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Basicitet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basicitet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Källor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Källor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Källor</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Källor-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Källor</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Källor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Noter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Noter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bas (kemi)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 123 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-123" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">123 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis" title="Basis – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Basis" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basen_(Chemie)" title="Basen (Chemie) – schweizertyska" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Basen (Chemie)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="schweizertyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A9_(%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1)" title="قاعدة (كيمياء) – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قاعدة (كيمياء)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(quimica)" title="Base (quimica) – aragonesiska" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Base (quimica)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baz%C3%A2" title="Bazâ – arumänska" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Bazâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="arumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0" title="ক্ষাৰ – assamesiska" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ক্ষাৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(qu%C3%ADmica)" title="Base (química) – asturiska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Base (química)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fsaslar" title="Əsaslar – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əsaslar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2_(%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C)" title="باز (شیمی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="باز (شیمی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95" title="ক্ষারক – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ক্ষারক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%A2m-ki" title="Iâm-ki – min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Iâm-ki" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Нигеҙ (химия) – basjkiriska" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Нигеҙ (химия)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkiriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Асновы – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Асновы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Аснова (хімія) – belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Аснова (хімія)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(kimika)" title="Base (kimika) – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Base (kimika)" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Основа (химия) – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Основа (химия)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baza_(hemija)" title="Baza (hemija) – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Baza (hemija)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazenn_(kimiezh)" title="Bazenn (kimiezh) – bretonska" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bazenn (kimiezh)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D2%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Химиин һуури – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Химиин һуури" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Base química – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Base química" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%C4%95%D1%81_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8)" title="Никĕс (хими) – tjuvasjiska" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Никĕс (хими)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tjuvasjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1sady_(chemie)" title="Zásady (chemie) – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zásady (chemie)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas_(cemeg)" title="Bas (cemeg) – walesiska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bas (cemeg)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(kemi)" title="Base (kemi) – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Base (kemi)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1sa_(kemiija)" title="Bása (kemiija) – nordsamiska" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Bása (kemiija)" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="nordsamiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basen_(Chemie)" title="Basen (Chemie) – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Basen (Chemie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alus_(keemia)" title="Alus (keemia) – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Alus (keemia)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Βάση – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βάση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(chemistry)" title="Base (chemistry) – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Base (chemistry)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(qu%C3%ADmica)" title="Base (química) – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Base (química)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazo_(kemio)" title="Bazo (kemio) – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Bazo (kemio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base" title="Base – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Base" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2_(%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C)" title="باز (شیمی) – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="باز (شیمی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(chemistry)" title="Base (chemistry) – Fiji-hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Base (chemistry)" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji-hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BAtur" title="Lútur – färöiska" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Lútur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="färöiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(chimie)" title="Base (chimie) – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Base (chimie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bun_(ceimic)" title="Bun (ceimic) – iriska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Bun (ceimic)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(qu%C3%ADmica)" title="Base (química) – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Base (química)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%88%E0%AA%9D" title="બેઈઝ – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="બેઈઝ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%BC%EA%B8%B0" title="염기 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="염기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%AB%D5%B4%D6%84%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Հիմքեր – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հիմքեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="क्षार – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="क्षार" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baze_(kemija)" title="Baze (kemija) – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Baze (kemija)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazo_(kemio)" title="Bazo (kemio) – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Bazo (kemio)" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa" title="Basa – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Basa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(chimia)" title="Base (chimia) – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Base (chimia)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basi" title="Basi – isländska" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Basi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="isländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(chimica)" title="Base (chimica) – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Base (chimica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A1_(%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94)" title="בסיס (כימיה) – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בסיס (כימיה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoye" title="Hoye – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Hoye" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2" title="ಪ್ರತ್ಯಾಮ್ಲ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪ್ರತ್ಯಾಮ್ಲ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A3%E1%83%AB%E1%83%94" title="ფუძე – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფუძე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Негіздер – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Негіздер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Besi_(kemia)" title="Besi (kemia) – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Besi (kemia)" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baz_(chimi)" title="Baz (chimi) – haitiska" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Baz (chimi)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baz_(chimi)" title="Baz (chimi) – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Baz (chimi)" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baz_(k%C3%AEmya)" title="Baz (kîmya) – kurdiska" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Baz (kîmya)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Негиз (химия) – kirgiziska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Негиз (химия)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B7%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%96%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99_(%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B5)" title="ພື້ນຖານ (ເຄມີ) – laotiska" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ພື້ນຖານ (ເຄມີ)" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laotiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_(chemia)" title="Basis (chemia) – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Basis (chemia)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C4%81ze_(%C4%B7%C4%ABmija)" title="Bāze (ķīmija) – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bāze (ķīmija)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas" title="Bas – luxemburgiska" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Bas" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baz%C4%97" title="Bazė – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bazė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(cimica)" title="Base (cimica) – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Base (cimica)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas" title="Bas – lombardiska" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Bas" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1zis_(k%C3%A9mia)" title="Bázis (kémia) – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bázis (kémia)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0_(%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="База (хемија) – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="База (хемија)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ക്ഷാരം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ക്ഷാരം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bes" title="Bes – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bes" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%A5_%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%8D%EA%AF%A4" title="ꯑꯈꯥ ꯃꯍꯤ – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯑꯈꯥ ꯃꯍꯤ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B7%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA_(%E1%80%93%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92)" title="ဘေ့စ် (ဓာတုဗေဒ) – burmesiska" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဘေ့စ် (ဓာတုဗေဒ)" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(scheikunde)" title="Base (scheikunde) – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Base (scheikunde)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%A9%E5%9F%BA" title="塩基 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="塩基" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baas" title="Baas – nordfrisiska" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Baas" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base" title="Base – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Base" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base" title="Base – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Base" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base" title="Base – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Base" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_(quimia)" title="Basa (quimia) – occitanska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Basa (quimia)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beezii" title="Beezii – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Beezii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asos_(kimyo)" title="Asos (kimyo) – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Asos (kimyo)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0" title="ਖ਼ਾਰ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਖ਼ਾਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="اساس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اساس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bies_(kimischri)" title="Bies (kimischri) – jamaikansk engelsk kreol" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Bies (kimischri)" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="jamaikansk engelsk kreol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base" title="Base – lågtyska" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Base" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lågtyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zasady" title="Zasady – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zasady" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(qu%C3%ADmica)" title="Base (química) – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Base (química)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baz%C4%83_(chimie)" title="Bază (chimie) – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bază (chimie)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llipt%27a" title="Llipt'a – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Llipt'a" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Основа (хемія) – rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Основа (хемія)" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Основания (химия) – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Основания (химия)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Олох (химия) – jakutiska" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Олох (химия)" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%83" title="क्षारः – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="क्षारः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazat" title="Bazat – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bazat" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(chemistry)" title="Base (chemistry) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Base (chemistry)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3_(%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7)" title="اساس (ڪيميا) – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اساس (ڪيميا)" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1sada_(ch%C3%A9mia)" title="Zásada (chémia) – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zásada (chémia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baza_(kemija)" title="Baza (kemija) – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Baza (kemija)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%AA_(%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7)" title="تفت (کیمیا) – centralkurdiska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تفت (کیمیا)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralkurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0_(%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="База (хемија) – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="База (хемија)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baza_(hemija)" title="Baza (hemija) – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Baza (hemija)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanyawa_Basa" title="Sanyawa Basa – sundanesiska" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Sanyawa Basa" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Em%C3%A4s" title="Emäs – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Emäs" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base" title="Base – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Base" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_(%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D)" title="காரம் (வேதியியல்) – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="காரம் (வேதியியல்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B7_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Нигез (химия) – tatariska" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Нигез (химия)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA_(%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5)" title="เบส (เคมี) – thailändska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เบส (เคมี)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailändska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D2%B3%D0%BE_(%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%91)" title="Асосҳо (кимиё) – tadzjikiska" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Асосҳо (кимиё)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadzjikiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baz" title="Baz – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Baz" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Основание (химия) – tuviniska" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Основание (химия)" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuviniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8_(%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Основи (хімія) – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Основи (хімія)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3_(%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7)" title="اساس (کیمیا) – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اساس (کیمیا)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(h%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dc)" title="Base (hóa học) – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Base (hóa học)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lip%C3%B5" title="Lipõ – võru" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Lipõ" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A5ze_(tchimeye)" title="Båze (tchimeye) – vallonska" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Båze (tchimeye)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base" title="Base – västflamländska" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Base" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="västflamländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(kimika)" title="Base (kimika) – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Base (kimika)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%90%E5%9F%BA" title="盐基 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="盐基" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%90%D7%96%D7%A2_(%D7%9B%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A2)" title="באזע (כעמיע) – jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="באזע (כעמיע)" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B9%BC" title="鹼 – kantonesiska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鹼" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baz" title="Baz – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Baz" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baz%C4%97" title="Bazė – samogitiska" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Bazė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B9%BD%E5%9F%BA" title="鹽基 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="鹽基" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa" title="Basa – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Basa" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11193#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bas_(kemi)" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Bas_(kemi)" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ändra språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">svenska</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visningar"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bas_(kemi)"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&action=history" title="Tidigare versioner av sidan [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktyg" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktyg</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Fler alternativ" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Åtgärder </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bas_(kemi)"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&action=history"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Allmänt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:L%C3%A4nkar_hit/Bas_(kemi)" title="Lista över alla wikisidor som länkar hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sidor som länkar hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_relaterade_%C3%A4ndringar/Bas_(kemi)" rel="nofollow" title="Visa senaste ändringarna av sidor som den här sidan länkar till [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterade ändringar</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Specialsidor" title="Lista över alla specialsidor [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Specialsidor</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&oldid=56036211" title="Permanent länk till den här versionen av sidan"><span>Permanent länk</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&action=info" title="Mer information om denna sida"><span>Sidinformation</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citera&page=Bas_%28kemi%29&id=56036211&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information om hur den här artikeln kan användas som referens"><span>Använd som referens</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBas_%28kemi%29"><span>Hämta förkortad url</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBas_%28kemi%29"><span>Ladda ner QR-kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut/exportera </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Bok&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Bas+%28kemi%29"><span>Skapa en 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class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Potassium_hydroxide.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Potassium_hydroxide.jpg/250px-Potassium_hydroxide.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Potassium_hydroxide.jpg/375px-Potassium_hydroxide.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Potassium_hydroxide.jpg/500px-Potassium_hydroxide.jpg 2x" data-file-width="771" data-file-height="763" /></a><figcaption>Kaliumhydroxid</figcaption></figure> <p>Inom <a href="/wiki/Kemi" title="Kemi">kemin</a> är <b>baser</b> en grupp <a href="/wiki/Kemisk_f%C3%B6rening" title="Kemisk förening">kemiska föreningar</a> med i allmänhet <a href="/wiki/Lut" title="Lut">lutaktig</a> smak, som har förmågan att uppta <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4tejoner" class="mw-redirect" title="Vätejoner">vätejoner</a> varvid de i en vattenlösning ger ett <a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a>-värde över 7, eller mer allmänt, ge bort elektronpar. En sådan lösning kallas basisk, eller alkalisk. Starka baser är <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A4tande" class="mw-redirect" title="Frätande">frätande</a>. Baser som är lösliga kallas <b>alkalier</b> om de innehåller och släpper ifrån sig hydroxidjoner (OH<sup>–</sup>) <a href="/wiki/St%C3%B6kiometri" title="Stökiometri">kvantitativt</a>. Styrkan av en bas kan relateras till dess <a href="/wiki/Baskonstant" title="Baskonstant">baskonstant</a>. </p><p>Olika teorier för <a href="/wiki/Syra-basreaktion" title="Syra-basreaktion">syra-basreaktioner</a> har definierat baser på olika sätt. Den äldsta <a href="/wiki/Svante_Arrhenius" title="Svante Arrhenius">Arrhenius</a>-teorin definierar baser som <a href="/wiki/Hydroxidjon" title="Hydroxidjon">hydroxidjongivare</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> vilket bara går att applicera på alkalier. Enligt Brønsted–Lowry-definitionen är en bas en <a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">protonacceptor</a> (vätejonsacceptor), medan <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Newton_Lewis" title="Gilbert Newton Lewis">Lewis</a> mer allmänna teori definierar baser som <a href="/wiki/Elektronpar" title="Elektronpar">elektronparsdonatorer</a>, också kallade <a href="/wiki/Nukleofil" title="Nukleofil">nukleofiler</a>. (Lewis definition innebär att också andra ämnen än protoner kan räknas som syror.)<sup id="cite_ref-Chemistry_9E_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chemistry_9E-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Baser kan ses som den kemiska motsatsen till <a href="/wiki/Syra" title="Syra">syror</a>. En reaktion mellan en syra och en bas kallas för <a href="/wiki/Neutralisation_(kemi)" title="Neutralisation (kemi)">neutralisation</a>, framför allt i äldre teorier, medan Brønsted-Lowry-teorin föredrar att tala om <a href="/wiki/Protolys" title="Protolys">protolys</a> eller protonöverföring. Baser och syror ses som motsatser eftersom en syras effekt är att öka koncentrationen av <a href="/wiki/Oxoniumjon" title="Oxoniumjon">oxoniumjoner</a> (H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup>) i vatten, medan baser minskar koncentrationen. Baser och syror finns vanligtvis i vattenlösningar. Dessa lösningar av baser reagerar med vattenlösningar av syror och skapar därmed <a href="/wiki/Vatten" title="Vatten">vatten</a> och <a href="/wiki/Salter" title="Salter">salter</a> i lösningarna. I dessa är salterna separerade i sina jonkomponenter. </p><p>Exempel på vanliga baser är <a href="/wiki/Natriumhydroxid" title="Natriumhydroxid">natriumhydroxid</a> och <a href="/wiki/Ammoniak" title="Ammoniak">ammoniak</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxider" title="Oxider">Metalloxider</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hydroxid" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydroxid">hydroxider</a> och speciellt <a href="/wiki/Alkoxid" title="Alkoxid">alkoxider</a> är basiska och motanjoner av svaga syror är svaga baser. En bas kan tillsammans med en korresponderande <a href="/wiki/Syra" title="Syra">syra</a> (ett <a href="/wiki/Syra-baspar" title="Syra-baspar">syra-baspar</a>) bilda ett <a href="/wiki/Buffertsystem" title="Buffertsystem">buffertsystem</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definitioner">Definitioner</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Definitioner" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Definitioner"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rouelle">Rouelle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Rouelle" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Rouelle"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillaume-Fran%C3%A7ois_Rouelle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guillaume-François Rouelle [inte skriven än]">Guillaume-François Rouelle</a> (1703–1770) definierade baser som kemiska föreningar som vid reaktion med syror avger salter. Namnet baser (från grekiskans <i>bas</i>, botten) gav han dem för att de (med undantag av ammoniak) var beständiga vid glödgning vilket syrorna inte var, och att de därför ansågs utgöra själva basen i salterna.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arrhenius">Arrhenius</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Arrhenius" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Arrhenius"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Svante_Arrhenius" title="Svante Arrhenius">Svante Arrhenius</a> definierade en bas som ett ämne som producerar <a href="/wiki/Hydroxidjon" title="Hydroxidjon">hydroxidjoner</a> (OH<sup>−</sup>) i <a href="/wiki/Vatten" title="Vatten">vatten</a>. Detta ger till exempel en vattenlösning av <a href="/wiki/Natriumhydroxid" title="Natriumhydroxid">natriumhydroxid</a> dess starkt basiska egenskaper. Enligt Arrhenius beror hur basiskt ett ämne är på hur många hydroxidjoner ämnet lämnar. I en stark bas går alla hydroxidjoner som finns eller skulle kunna bildas i lösning, men i en svag bas endast en del av dem. <a href="/wiki/Magnesiumhydroxid" title="Magnesiumhydroxid">Magnesiumhydroxid</a> (Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>) och <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berylliumhydroxid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berylliumhydroxid [inte skriven än]">berylliumhydroxid</a> (Be(OH)<sub>2</sub>) är svaga Arrheniusbaser eftersom de är <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B6slighet" title="Löslighet">svårlösliga</a> i vatten, vilket innebär att få av hydroxidjonerna i kristallen övergår i vattenlösning. Ett närliggande begrepp är <a href="/wiki/Basisk_oxid" class="mw-redirect" title="Basisk oxid">basiska oxider</a>, där oxidjonen O<sup>2−</sup> omedelbart reagerar med vatten för att bilda OH<sup>−</sup> när den går i lösning: </p> <dl><dd>O<sup>2−</sup> (<i>aq</i>) + H<sub>2</sub>O (<i>l</i>) → 2OH<sup>−</sup> (<i>aq</i>)</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brønsted–Lowry"><span id="Br.C3.B8nsted.E2.80.93Lowry"></span>Brønsted–Lowry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Brønsted–Lowry" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Brønsted–Lowry"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Br%C3%B8nsted" title="Johannes Brønsted">Johannes Brønsted</a> och <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Lowry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Lowry [inte skriven än]">Martin Lowry</a> utvidgade Arrhenius definition genom att definiera en bas som en <a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">protonmottagare</a>. En stark bas är fullständigt <a href="/wiki/Protolys" title="Protolys">protonerad</a> i vatten, en svag bas är bara delvis protonerad i vatten. Med denna definition blir hydroxidjonen i sig en bas (liksom oxidjonen), snarare än de ämnen som ger ifrån sig hydroxidjoner i lösning. Hydroxidjoner från magnesiumhydroxid och berylliumhydroxid är lika starka Brønstedbaser som hydroxidjoner från natriumhydroxid. Flera andra ämnen, till exempel <a href="/wiki/Ammoniak" title="Ammoniak">ammoniak</a> och <a href="/wiki/Amin" title="Amin">aminer</a>, som inte var baser enligt Arrhenius definition är också baser enligt Brønsted och Lowry. Denna definition är vanligast idag. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lewis">Lewis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Lewis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Lewis"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Newton_Lewis" title="Gilbert Newton Lewis">Gilbert Newton Lewis</a> generaliserade basdefinitionen ytterligare. Som (Lewis)-bas räknas varje <i>elektronpargivare</i>, det vill säga atom eller atomgrupp som har en helt fylld yttersta orbital vars elektroner kan överföras till en ofylld orbital i en annan atom eller atomgrupp (Lewis-syran). En stark bas är en vars benägenhet att avge elektronpar är stark. Begreppet Lewis-bas används både om den enskilda atomen eller atomgruppen och om ämnet som innehåller dem. Lewis definition inbegriper fler ämnen än de andra definitionerna. En Lewis-bas kallas också <a href="/wiki/Nukleofil" title="Nukleofil">nukleofil</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Basicitet">Basicitet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Basicitet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Basicitet"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hur mycket av en bas som krävs för att neutralisera en viss syra har mätts i <i>basicitet</i>. Efter detta antal har syran ansetts vara en-, två-, tre eller flerbasisk.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Begreppet har senare helt ersatts av <a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a>-mätningar. </p><p>Inom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slaggkemi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slaggkemi [inte skriven än]">slaggkemin</a> är det viktigt att kunna avgöra egenskaperna hos slaggen vilket oftast görs genom basicitet. Detta mått är då formulerat som bas/<a href="/wiki/Syra" title="Syra">syra</a>. Olika basicitetsmått används utifrån <a href="/w/index.php?title=Empiriska_modeller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Empiriska modeller [inte skriven än]">empiriska modeller</a>. De vanligaste måtten inom <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A5l" title="Stål">stålindustrin</a> är: <br />B<sub>2</sub>=%CaO/%SiO<sub>2</sub> <br />B<sub>3</sub>=(%CaO +%MgO)/%SiO<sub>2</sub> <br />B<sub>4</sub>=(%CaO +%MgO)/(%Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> +%SiO<sub>2</sub>). <br />Även pålagda faktorer med hänsyn till att MgO är svagare bas än CaO används ibland (B<sub>x</sub>=(%CaO +0,67%MgO)/(%Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> +%SiO<sub>2</sub>)). <br />I vissa processer av <a href="/wiki/Ferrolegering" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferrolegering">ferrolegeringar</a> används även B<sub>ferro</sub>=(%CaO +%MgO)/%Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> eller andra anpassade mått.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&action=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><span class="plainlinks"><i>Den här artikeln är helt eller delvis baserad på material från <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page">engelskspråkiga Wikipedia</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Base_%28chemistry%29&oldid=416836190">tidigare version</a>.</i></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noter">Noter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitt: Noter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_(kemi)&action=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Noter"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFSilberberg,_Martin_S.2003">Silberberg, Martin S. (2003). <i><span>Chemistry</span></i> (tredje upplagan). New York: McGraw-Hill. sid. 140–141. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/0-07-119894-6" title="Special:Bokkällor/0-07-119894-6">ISBN 0-07-119894-6</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chemistry&rft.aulast=Silberberg%2C+Martin+S.&rft.au=Silberberg%2C+Martin+S.&rft.date=2003&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B140%E2%80%93141&rft.edition=tredje+upplagan&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bas_(kemi)"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chemistry_9E-2"><a href="#cite_ref-Chemistry_9E_2-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i>Chemistry</i>, 9:e utgåvan. Kenneth W. Whitten, Larry Peck, Raymond E. Davis, Lisa Lockwood, George G. Stanley. (2009) <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/0-495-39163-8" title="Special:Bokkällor/0-495-39163-8">ISBN 0-495-39163-8</a>. S. 363</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFCarlquist,_Gunnar1939_(nyutgåva)"><a href="/wiki/Gunnar_Carlquist" title="Gunnar Carlquist">Carlquist, Gunnar</a>, red (1939 (nyutgåva)). <i><span>Svensk uppslagsbok. Bd 3</span></i>. Malmö: Svensk uppslagsboks förlag AB. sid. 216</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Svensk+uppslagsbok.+Bd+3&rft.date=1939+%28nyutg%C3%A5va%29&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B216&rft.place=Malm%C3%B6&rft.pub=Svensk+uppslagsboks+f%C3%B6rlag+AB&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bas_(kemi)"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFCarlquist,_Gunnar1939_(nyutgåva)"><a href="/wiki/Gunnar_Carlquist" title="Gunnar Carlquist">Carlquist, Gunnar</a>, red (1939 (nyutgåva)). <i><span>Svensk uppslagsbok. Bd 3</span></i>. Malmö: Svensk uppslagsboks förlag AB. sid. 217</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Svensk+uppslagsbok.+Bd+3&rft.date=1939+%28nyutg%C3%A5va%29&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B217&rft.place=Malm%C3%B6&rft.pub=Svensk+uppslagsboks+f%C3%B6rlag+AB&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bas_(kemi)"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFBjörkman,_Bo2014">Björkman, Bo (2014). <i><span>Process Metallurgy Part 1. Unit processes, Thermodynamic considerations and Environmental issues</span></i>. Luleå: MiMeR, Mineral and Metalls Research Laboratory -<a href="/wiki/Lule%C3%A5_tekniska_universitet" title="Luleå tekniska universitet">Luleå_tekniska_universitet</a>. sid. 87</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Process+Metallurgy+Part+1.+Unit+processes%2C+Thermodynamic+considerations+and+Environmental+issues&rft.aulast=Bj%C3%B6rkman%2C+Bo&rft.au=Bj%C3%B6rkman%2C+Bo&rft.date=2014&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B87&rft.place=Lule%C3%A5&rft.pub=MiMeR%2C+Mineral+and+Metalls+Research+Laboratory+-%5B%5BLule%25C3%25A5_tekniska_universitet%5D%5D&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bas_(kemi)"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title a{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks a,.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks .selflink{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{background:#b0c4de}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background:#d0e0f5}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background:#deeafa}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background:transparent}</style><table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks hlist auktoritetsdata navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Auktoritetsdata" title="Auktoritetsdata">Auktoritetsdata</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> • <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85012058">sh85012058</a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4144090-0">4144090-0</a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11982608d">cb11982608d</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11982608d">(data)</a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Tjeckiska_nationalbiblioteket" title="Tjeckiska nationalbiblioteket">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph527105&CON_LNG=ENG">ph527105</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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