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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Course of the strike</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Course_of_the_strike-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Course of the strike subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Course_of_the_strike-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_strike_action" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_strike_action"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>First strike action</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_strike_action-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_strike_action" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_strike_action"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Second strike action</span> </div> </a> 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vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing: 2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">2021 Virginia Volvo Trucks strike</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Date</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">April 17–30, 2021<br /><small>(1 week and 6 days)</small><br />June 7 – July 18, 2021<br /><small>(1 month, 1 week and 4 days)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="display:inline;" class="location"><a href="/wiki/Dublin,_Virginia" title="Dublin, Virginia">Dublin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>, United States</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Caused by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Disagreements over terms of a new labor contract</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Methods</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Picketing" title="Picketing">Picketing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_action" title="Strike action">Strike action</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Resulted in</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">New labor contract includes signing bonus, increased wages, and other provisions</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Parties</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><table style="width:100%; border-spacing:0; margin:0; text-align:left; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%;"><div> <a href="/wiki/United_Auto_Workers" title="United Auto Workers">United Auto Workers</a> Local 2069</div></td> <td style="width:50%; padding-left:0.25em; border-left:1px dotted #aaa"><div> <a href="/wiki/Volvo_Trucks" title="Volvo Trucks">Volvo Trucks</a></div></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="US_manufacturing_strikes" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_US_manufacturing_strikes" title="Template:Campaignbox US manufacturing strikes"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_US_manufacturing_strikes" title="Template talk:Campaignbox US manufacturing strikes"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_US_manufacturing_strikes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox US manufacturing strikes"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="US_manufacturing_strikes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em">US manufacturing strikes</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>1800s–1920s</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cigar_makers%27_strike_of_1877" title="Cigar makers' strike of 1877">Cigars</a> 1877</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1913_El_Paso_smelters%27_strike" title="1913 El Paso smelters' strike">El Paso smelters</a> 1913</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1913_Studebaker_strike" title="1913 Studebaker strike">Studebaker</a> 1913</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayonne_refinery_strikes_of_1915%E2%80%931916" title="Bayonne refinery strikes of 1915–1916">Standard Oil</a> 1915</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_cigar_makers%27_strike_of_1919" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston cigar makers' strike of 1919">Boston cigars</a> 1919</li></ul> <dl><dt>1930s–1970s</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ybor_City_cigar_makers%27_strike_of_1931" title="Ybor City cigar makers' strike of 1931">Tampa cigars</a> 1931</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auto-Lite_strike_(1934)" title="Auto-Lite strike (1934)">Auto-Lite</a> 1934</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohler_strikes" title="Kohler strikes">Kohler</a> 1934</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint_sit-down_strike" title="Flint sit-down strike">Flint sit-down</a> 1936</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Akron_rubber_strike" title="1936 Akron rubber strike">Akron rubber</a> 1936</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remington_Rand_strike_of_1936%E2%80%931937" title="Remington Rand strike of 1936–1937">Remington</a> 1936</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Overpass" title="Battle of the Overpass">Ford</a> 1937</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Auto_Strike" title="Chrysler Auto Strike">Chrysler Auto</a> 1939</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tool_and_die_strike_of_1939" title="Tool and die strike of 1939">General Motors</a> 1939</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945%E2%80%931946_General_Motors_strike" title="1945–1946 General Motors strike">General Motors</a> 1945</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Boeing_strike" title="1948 Boeing strike">Boeing</a> 1948</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohler_strikes" title="Kohler strikes">Kohler</a> 1954</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Harvester_strike_of_1979%E2%80%931980" class="mw-redirect" title="International Harvester strike of 1979–1980">International Harvester</a> 1979</li></ul> <dl><dt>1980s–2000s</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1983_Pacific_Coast_Metal_Trades_Union_strike" title="1983 Pacific Coast Metal Trades Union strike">Todd Shipyards</a> 1983</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987%E2%80%931988_International_Paper_strike" title="1987–1988 International Paper strike">International Paper</a> 1987-1988</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986%E2%80%931987_John_Deere_strike" title="1986–1987 John Deere strike">John Deere</a> 1986–1987</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_General_Motors_strike" title="2007 General Motors strike">General Motors</a> 2007</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Boeing_machinists_strike" title="2008 Boeing machinists strike">Boeing</a> 2008</li></ul> <dl><dt>2010s–2020s</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_United_Steel_Workers_Oil_Refinery_strike" title="2015 United Steel Workers Oil Refinery strike">Oil refineries</a> 2015</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Kohler_strike" title="2015 Kohler strike">Kohler</a> 2015</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Jim_Beam_strike" title="2016 Jim Beam strike">Jim Beam</a> 2016</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Bath_shipbuilders%27_strike" title="2020 Bath shipbuilders' strike">Bath shipbuilders</a> 2020</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_St._Paul_Park_refinery_strike" title="2021 St. Paul Park refinery strike">St. Paul Park refinery</a> 2021</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Volvo Trucks</a> 2021</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Frito-Lay_strike" title="2021 Frito-Lay strike">Frito-Lay</a> 2021</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Nabisco_strike" title="2021 Nabisco strike">Nabisco</a> 2021</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Heaven_Hill_strike" title="2021 Heaven Hill strike">Heaven Hill</a> 2021</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Kellogg%27s_strike" title="2021 Kellogg's strike">Kellogg's</a> 2021</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_John_Deere_strike" title="2021 John Deere strike">John Deere</a> 2021</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_United_Auto_Workers_strike" title="2023 United Auto Workers strike">United Auto Workers</a> 2023</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="UAW_strikes" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_Auto_Workers,_Strikes" title="Template:United Auto Workers, Strikes"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_Auto_Workers,_Strikes" title="Template talk:United Auto Workers, Strikes"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_Auto_Workers,_Strikes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United Auto Workers, Strikes"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="UAW_strikes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/United_Auto_Workers" title="United Auto Workers">UAW</a> strikes</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>1930s–1940s</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flint_sit-down_strike" title="Flint sit-down strike">General Motors (Flint)</a> 1936-37</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tool_and_die_strike_of_1939" title="Tool and die strike of 1939">GM</a> 1939</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Auto_Strike" title="Chrysler Auto Strike">Chrysler</a> 1939</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_Strike_of_1945" title="Ford Strike of 1945">Ford (Canada)</a> 1945</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945-46_United_Auto_Workers_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="1945-46 United Auto Workers strike">GM</a> 1945-46</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1948_Chrysler_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1948 Chrysler strike (page does not exist)">Chrysler</a> 1948</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1949_Ford_Motor_Michigan_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1949 Ford Motor Michigan strike (page does not exist)">Ford (Michigan)</a> 1949</li></ul> <dl><dt>1950s–1960s</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1950_International_Harvester_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1950 International Harvester strike (page does not exist)">International Harvester</a> 1950</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1950_Chrysler_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1950 Chrysler strike (page does not exist)">Chrysler</a> 1950</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1955_Ford_Motors_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1955 Ford Motors strike (page does not exist)">Ford</a> 1955</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1955_General_Motors_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1955 General Motors strike (page does not exist)">GM</a> 1955</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1955_International_Harvester_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1955 International Harvester strike (page does not exist)">International Harvester</a> 1955</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1958_Ford_Motors_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1958 Ford Motors strike (page does not exist)">Ford</a> 1958</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1958_Chrysler_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1958 Chrysler strike (page does not exist)">Chrysler</a> 1958</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1958_General_Motors_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1958 General Motors strike (page does not exist)">GM</a> 1958</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1958_International_Harvester_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1958 International Harvester strike (page does not exist)">International Harvester</a> 1958</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961_General_Motors_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1961 General Motors strike (page does not exist)">GM</a> 1961</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961_Ford_Motors_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1961 Ford Motors strike (page does not exist)">Ford</a> 1961</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1964_General_Motors_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1964 General Motors strike (page does not exist)">GM</a> 1964</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1967_Ford_Motors_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1967 Ford Motors strike (page does not exist)">Ford</a> 1967</li></ul> <dl><dt>1970s–2000s</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1970_General_Motors_Strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1970 General Motors Strike (page does not exist)">GM</a> 1970</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1973_Chrysler_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1973 Chrysler strike (page does not exist)">Chrysler</a> 1973</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1976_Ford_Motors_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1976 Ford Motors strike (page does not exist)">Ford</a> 1976</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_Caterpillar_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1979 Caterpillar strike (page does not exist)">Caterpillar</a> 1979</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Harvester_strike_of_1979%E2%80%931980" class="mw-redirect" title="International Harvester strike of 1979–1980">International Harvester</a> 1979-80</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986%E2%80%931987_John_Deere_strike" title="1986–1987 John Deere strike">John Deere</a> 1986-87</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1996_General_Motors_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1996 General Motors strike (page does not exist)">GM</a> 1996</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1998_General_Motors_strike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1998 General Motors strike (page does not exist)">GM</a> 1998</li></ul> <dl><dt>2000s–2020s</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2007_Freightliner_wildcat_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="2007 Freightliner wildcat strike">Freightliner</a> 2007</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_General_Motors_strike" title="2007 General Motors strike">GM</a> 2007</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_General_Motors_strike" title="2019 General Motors strike">GM</a> 2019</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_John_Deere_strike" title="2021 John Deere strike">John Deere</a> 2021</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Volvo (Virginia)</a> 2021</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_University_of_California_academic_workers%27_strike" title="2022 University of California academic workers' strike">University of California</a> 2022</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_HarperCollins_strike" title="2022–2023 HarperCollins strike">HarperCollins</a> 2022-23</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_United_Auto_Workers_strike" title="2023 United Auto Workers strike">GM, Ford, Stellantis</a> 2023</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>The <b>2021 Virginia Volvo Trucks strike</b> was a <a href="/wiki/Labor_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor strike">labor strike</a> involving workers at a <a href="/wiki/Volvo_Trucks" title="Volvo Trucks">Volvo Trucks</a> production facility in <a href="/wiki/Dublin,_Virginia" title="Dublin, Virginia">Dublin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>, United States. The strike began in April and ended in July with the ratification of a new labor contract. </p><p>Of the 3,300 workers at the plant, 2,900 were <a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">union</a> members of the <a href="/wiki/United_Auto_Workers" title="United Auto Workers">United Auto Workers</a> (UAW) Local 2069. In March 2021, the labor contract between the union and company expired, and while the union authorized a 30-day extension while both sides continued to negotiate the terms of a replacement, neither side could come to an agreement, with disagreements primarily covering wage increases, job securities, and health care, among other issues. As a result, on April 17, Local 2069 commenced with strike action against the plant, with workers <a href="/wiki/Picketing" title="Picketing">picketing</a> outside while negotiations continued. On April 30, the strike was called off after UAW announced a tentative agreement had been reached with the company. However, members voted to overwhelmingly reject this agreement on May 16 and proceeded to reject a second tentative agreement on June 6. Following this, on June 7, strike action recommenced. About a month after this, on July 9, union members rejected a third tentative agreement that had been reached between UAW and Volvo Trucks. On July 11, the company declared an <a href="/wiki/Impasse" title="Impasse">impasse</a> and stated they would be reopening the plant, with the third tentative agreement serving as their final offer to the union. In a vote held on July 14, union members narrowly voted to accept the terms of the agreement, with strikers returning to work on July 18, thus ending the strike. </p><p>The terms of the new contract included a $2,000 signing bonus for most of the union members, a 12 percent annual wage increase over the six-year life of the contract, and a price freeze on health care premiums for the duration of the contract, among other provisions. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Virginia_Volvo_Trucks_strike&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2016_Volvo_VNL_670.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A color photograph of a white Volvo truck" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/2016_Volvo_VNL_670.jpg/300px-2016_Volvo_VNL_670.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/2016_Volvo_VNL_670.jpg/450px-2016_Volvo_VNL_670.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/2016_Volvo_VNL_670.jpg/600px-2016_Volvo_VNL_670.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5312" data-file-height="2988" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Volvo_VNL" class="mw-redirect" title="Volvo VNL">Volvo VNL</a>, one of the truck models produced at the New River Valley Plant<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Volvo_Trucks" title="Volvo Trucks">Volvo Trucks</a>, an international truck manufacturer, operates the <a href="/wiki/New_River_Valley" title="New River Valley">New River Valley</a> Plant in <a href="/wiki/Dublin,_Virginia" title="Dublin, Virginia">Dublin, Virginia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2021, this facility (one of the largest employers in <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Virginia" title="Southwest Virginia">Southwest Virginia</a><sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Volvo Trucks' largest plant<sup id="cite_ref-:3_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:7_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) employed about 3,300 people, of whom about 2,900 were <a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">union</a> members of the <a href="/wiki/United_Auto_Workers" title="United Auto Workers">United Auto Workers</a> Local 2069.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The union and company had last agreed to a labor contract in 2016, with an expiration date of March 16, 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, the company and union began negotiations for a new contract on February 8.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The union stated that the company had not made "any substantial offer" for a replacement contract in the lead-up to this date and, subsequently, the union agreed to extend the contract for 30 days<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while negotiations between the two sides continued.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the two sides had numerous points of contention that prevented an agreement from being reached.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the union, these points of contention included "wage increases, <a href="/wiki/Job_security" title="Job security">job security</a>, wage progression, skilled trades, shift premium, holiday schedules, work schedules, health and safety, seniority, pension, <a href="/wiki/401(k)" title="401(k)">401(k)</a>, health care and prescription drug coverage and <a href="/wiki/Overtime" title="Overtime">overtime</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time, the plant was undergoing a $400 million investment that included the addition of several hundred additional jobs and an expanded facility capable of producing newer products.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:15_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The negotiations were occurring during the midst of a <a href="/wiki/Labor_shortage" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor shortage">labor shortage</a> caused by the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Course_of_the_strike">Course of the strike</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Virginia_Volvo_Trucks_strike&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Course of the strike"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_strike_action">First strike action</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Virginia_Volvo_Trucks_strike&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: First strike action"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The strike began on April 17,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with <a href="/wiki/Picketing" title="Picketing">picketing</a> commencing at a road intersection about halfway between the plant and the union building.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many held signs that read "UAW / On Strike / <a href="/wiki/Unfair_labor_practice" title="Unfair labor practice">Unfair Labor Practice</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several local politicians met with strikers on the first day,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the union stated that negotiations could recommence on April 26.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response, the company issued a statement expressing disappointment in the union's actions and stated that they were still open to continuing negotiations.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several labor organizations voiced their support for the strike, including a local chapter of the <a href="/wiki/Coalition_of_Labor_Union_Women" title="Coalition of Labor Union Women">Coalition of Labor Union Women</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a local union of the <a href="/wiki/Communications_Workers_of_America" title="Communications Workers of America">Communications Workers of America</a>, and the Northern Virginia Labor Council, which donated $1,500 to Local 2069's <a href="/wiki/Strike_fund" class="mw-redirect" title="Strike fund">strike fund</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On April 30, the union announced via their <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> page that the UAW and Volvo Trucks had come to a tentative agreement for a five-year contract that would see an immediate end to the strike starting at 7 a.m. that day.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the union did not release details for the contract, they stated that truck production would resume the following Monday, May 3.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the agreement, union members voted on three ballot issues pertaining to benefits, pay, and scheduling, with the results being released on May 16.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a <a href="/wiki/Landslide_victory" title="Landslide victory">landslide</a>, the union members voted to reject all three ballot issues with ranges from 83 to 91 percent against.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following this, on May 20, the union announced that they had reached a six-year tentative agreement with the company that included several changes to the policies that union members had overwhelmingly voted against.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Voting on this new agreement took place on June 6 from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like the previous agreement, union members again rejected the proposal by large margins, with 90 percent voting against the scheduling provisions and 91 percent voting against the salary provisions.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_strike_action">Second strike action</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Virginia_Volvo_Trucks_strike&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Second strike action"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On June 7, with both proposals having been rejected by union members, Local 2069 recommenced strike action at noon.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A lunch buffet was set up at the union building and picketing started back up near the plant.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Local 2069 President Matt Blondino stated that the strike would be open-ended and continue until a satisfactory agreement had been reached.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a statement released after the striking restarted, the company again expressed disappointment with the union members' decision, noting that UAW leadership had endorsed the agreement, but stated that they remained open to continue negotiations.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the first few days of the strike, a few workers crossed the picket line and returned to work.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:13_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Workers on strike received $275 per week from UAW in <a href="/wiki/Strike_pay" title="Strike pay">strike pay</a>, though this was significantly less than what many made at the plant, where some workers had hourly wages of around $20.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the union offered some healthcare coverage.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over the next few days, picketing continued and spread to the nearby <a href="/wiki/Interstate_81_in_Virginia" title="Interstate 81 in Virginia">Interstate 81</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Private_security" class="mw-redirect" title="Private security">Private security</a> was hired by the company, and confrontations sometimes arose between strikers and <a href="/wiki/Strikebreakers" class="mw-redirect" title="Strikebreakers">strikebreakers</a>, with <i><a href="/wiki/The_Roanoke_Times" title="The Roanoke Times">The Roanoke Times</a></i> reporting that some workers had been harangued by strikers.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 15, negotiations recommenced between the company and union,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and on June 19, members from another UAW local representing <a href="/wiki/Freightliner_Trucks" title="Freightliner Trucks">Freightliner Trucks</a> workers in <a href="/wiki/Cleveland,_North_Carolina" title="Cleveland, North Carolina">Cleveland, North Carolina</a>, traveled to Dublin and picketed in <a href="/wiki/Solidarity" title="Solidarity">solidarity</a> with Local 2069.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On July 1, a third tentative deal had been reached between the company and union, with a ratification vote planned for the ensuing days.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:9_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the union did not disclose details of the tentative agreement, the company released a statement that said the proposed contract would "eliminate the two-tier wage structure; immediately take any employee currently in wage progression and hired on or before June 30, 2015 to top pay; institute a six-year progression to top pay for all employees, giving credit for years of active service; increase the new hire starting pay by more than 14 percent; and guarantee no increases in health insurance premiums over the life of the contract for the plant’s best-in-class health insurance coverage, an employee benefit which represents a cost of more than $20,000 a year per employee".<sup id="cite_ref-:8_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Speaking about the proposal, UAW President <a href="/wiki/Ray_Curry" title="Ray Curry">Ray Curry</a> stated, "UAW members and their families felt strongly about the need for financial stability gains in this contract and were willing to strike not once, but twice, to achieve those gains. The elected bargaining team of the UAW Volvo Truck Council worked very hard to achieve these significant gains, and they could not have achieved them without the solidarity of Local 2069 members."<sup id="cite_ref-:8_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 9, for a third time the union members voted to reject the proposal, with roughly 60 percent voting against it.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly to the previous two times, the company again issued a statement that stressed the UAW leadership's support for the proposal and that they would "consider all options" related to a resolution to the strike.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On July 11, the company announced that the negotiators for both sides were at an <a href="/wiki/Impasse" title="Impasse">impasse</a> and that they would reopen the facility the next day under the terms of the last proposal, which the company deemed its final offer.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly thereafter, the union announced a vote on the final offer had been scheduled for July 14.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:15_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Local 2069 President Blondino stated that the company was attempting to break the union with their decision to declare an impasse, and he said that, following the vote, the local would have the option of filing a complaint against the company with the <a href="/wiki/National_Labor_Relations_Board" title="National Labor Relations Board">National Labor Relations Board</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On that day, by a slim margin, the contract was approved, with strikers to return to work on July 18.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hourly portion of the contract was approved in a 1,147–1,130 vote,<sup id="cite_ref-:14_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the common portion passed in a vote of 1,193–1,176.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, despite this, <a href="/wiki/Salary#United_States" title="Salary">salaried</a> workers voted to reject their part of the contract in a vote of 54-40.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> meaning that further negotiations would continue.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Virginia_Volvo_Trucks_strike&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>, the final offer contained higher wage increases than the second proposal the company had made and included pay bonuses.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Specifically, the contract included a 12 percent pay raise spread out over the course of the six years the contract would be in effect.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, newer workers would be phased out of a two-tier pay system that saw them make less money than employees who had been working at the plant for longer, so that at the end of the six years, all workers would be making an hourly wage of $30.92.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the employees would also receive a one-time $2,000 signing bonus.<sup id="cite_ref-:13_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The contract also includes a price freeze on the company's health care premiums for the duration of the contract.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With regards to the salaried employees, UAW President Curry stated after the vote that a process for addressing their concerns would be set up to resolve the lingering dispute.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Virginia_Volvo_Trucks_strike&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Virginia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Virginia">COVID-19 pandemic in Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strikes_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Strikes during the COVID-19 pandemic">Strikes during the COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Virginia_Volvo_Trucks_strike&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">One source gives the tally as 45–40. However, that source cites a <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> post made by UAW Local 2069 that gives a tally of 54-40.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Virginia_Volvo_Trucks_strike&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.volvotrucks.us/about-volvo/facilities/nrv-assembly-plant/">"New River Valley Plant"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Volvo_Trucks" title="Volvo Trucks">Volvo Trucks</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210817044537/https://www.volvotrucks.us/about-volvo/facilities/nrv-assembly-plant/">Archived</a> from the original on August 17, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 30,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Volvo+Trucks&rft.atitle=New+River+Valley+Plant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.volvotrucks.us%2Fabout-volvo%2Ffacilities%2Fnrv-assembly-plant%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRanaivo2021" class="citation web cs1">Ranaivo, Yann (April 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roanoke.com/news/local/volvo-workers-strike-at-pulaski-county-plant/article_dfec3ff2-9f79-11eb-86c9-03c06171e3ef.html">"Volvo workers strike at Pulaski County plant"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Roanoke_Times" title="The Roanoke Times">The Roanoke Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Lee_Enterprises" title="Lee Enterprises">Lee Enterprises</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210428080428/https://roanoke.com/news/local/volvo-workers-strike-at-pulaski-county-plant/article_dfec3ff2-9f79-11eb-86c9-03c06171e3ef.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 28, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Roanoke+Times&rft.atitle=Volvo+workers+strike+at+Pulaski+County+plant&rft.date=2021-04-17&rft.aulast=Ranaivo&rft.aufirst=Yann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froanoke.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fvolvo-workers-strike-at-pulaski-county-plant%2Farticle_dfec3ff2-9f79-11eb-86c9-03c06171e3ef.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roanoke.com/news/local/strike-ends-at-volvo-trucks-in-pulaski-county/article_081e3e7e-a9a4-11eb-92cc-3b377a57b008.html">"Strike ends at Volvo Trucks in Pulaski County"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Roanoke_Times" title="The Roanoke Times">The Roanoke Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Lee_Enterprises" title="Lee Enterprises">Lee Enterprises</a>. April 30, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210430115812/https://roanoke.com/news/local/strike-ends-at-volvo-trucks-in-pulaski-county/article_081e3e7e-a9a4-11eb-92cc-3b377a57b008.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 30, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Roanoke+Times&rft.atitle=Strike+ends+at+Volvo+Trucks+in+Pulaski+County&rft.date=2021-04-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froanoke.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fstrike-ends-at-volvo-trucks-in-pulaski-county%2Farticle_081e3e7e-a9a4-11eb-92cc-3b377a57b008.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoxley2021" class="citation web cs1">Moxley, Tonia (June 7, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roanoke.com/news/local/union-strike-begins-at-volvo-plant-in-dublin/article_fe0f34b0-c7b2-11eb-b013-bb6191b4e875.html">"Union strike begins at Volvo plant in Dublin"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Roanoke_Times" title="The Roanoke Times">The Roanoke Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Lee_Enterprises" title="Lee Enterprises">Lee Enterprises</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210608031955/https://roanoke.com/news/local/union-strike-begins-at-volvo-plant-in-dublin/article_fe0f34b0-c7b2-11eb-b013-bb6191b4e875.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 8, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Roanoke+Times&rft.atitle=Union+strike+begins+at+Volvo+plant+in+Dublin&rft.date=2021-06-07&rft.aulast=Moxley&rft.aufirst=Tonia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froanoke.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Funion-strike-begins-at-volvo-plant-in-dublin%2Farticle_fe0f34b0-c7b2-11eb-b013-bb6191b4e875.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarvey2021" class="citation web cs1">Harvey, Neil (May 16, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roanoke.com/business/local/unionized-workers-at-volvo-trucks-overwhelmingly-reject-contract-proposal/article_8aa20f8e-b6af-11eb-9a3e-cfa233f0c5fa.html">"Unionized workers at Volvo Trucks overwhelmingly reject contract proposal"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Roanoke_Times" title="The Roanoke Times">The Roanoke Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Lee_Enterprises" title="Lee Enterprises">Lee Enterprises</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210630130641/https://roanoke.com/business/local/unionized-workers-at-volvo-trucks-overwhelmingly-reject-contract-proposal/article_8aa20f8e-b6af-11eb-9a3e-cfa233f0c5fa.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 30, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Roanoke+Times&rft.atitle=Unionized+workers+at+Volvo+Trucks+overwhelmingly+reject+contract+proposal&rft.date=2021-05-16&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froanoke.com%2Fbusiness%2Flocal%2Funionized-workers-at-volvo-trucks-overwhelmingly-reject-contract-proposal%2Farticle_8aa20f8e-b6af-11eb-9a3e-cfa233f0c5fa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:7_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roanoke.com/volvo-and-union-at-pulaski-county-plant-strike-tentative-deal/article_20ef61be-dad0-11eb-b5e2-67b64f5a03c2.html">"Volvo and union at Pulaski County plant strike tentative deal"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Roanoke_Times" title="The Roanoke Times">The Roanoke Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Lee_Enterprises" title="Lee Enterprises">Lee Enterprises</a>. July 1, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210928224914/https://roanoke.com/volvo-and-union-at-pulaski-county-plant-strike-tentative-deal/article_20ef61be-dad0-11eb-b5e2-67b64f5a03c2.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 28, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Roanoke+Times&rft.atitle=Volvo+and+union+at+Pulaski+County+plant+strike+tentative+deal&rft.date=2021-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froanoke.com%2Fvolvo-and-union-at-pulaski-county-plant-strike-tentative-deal%2Farticle_20ef61be-dad0-11eb-b5e2-67b64f5a03c2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210608074051/https://abcnews.go.com/Business/wireStory/deal-volvo-truck-workers-striking-virginia-78133548">"No deal: Volvo truck workers striking again in Virginia"</a>. <i>ABC News</i>. <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">American Broadcasting Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. June 7, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/Business/wireStory/deal-volvo-truck-workers-striking-virginia-78133548">the original</a> on June 8, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=No+deal%3A+Volvo+truck+workers+striking+again+in+Virginia&rft.date=2021-06-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FBusiness%2FwireStory%2Fdeal-volvo-truck-workers-striking-virginia-78133548&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roanoke.com/news/local/union-to-strike-at-volvos-pulaski-county-plant-after-second-contract-rejection/article_c3f7e692-c725-11eb-b5c4-8f1485506d8c.html">"Union to strike at Volvo's Pulaski County plant after second contract rejection"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Roanoke_Times" title="The Roanoke Times">The Roanoke Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Lee_Enterprises" title="Lee Enterprises">Lee Enterprises</a>. June 7, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210607181839/https://roanoke.com/news/local/union-to-strike-at-volvos-pulaski-county-plant-after-second-contract-rejection/article_c3f7e692-c725-11eb-b5c4-8f1485506d8c.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Roanoke+Times&rft.atitle=Union+to+strike+at+Volvo%27s+Pulaski+County+plant+after+second+contract+rejection&rft.date=2021-06-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froanoke.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Funion-to-strike-at-volvos-pulaski-county-plant-after-second-contract-rejection%2Farticle_c3f7e692-c725-11eb-b5c4-8f1485506d8c.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOtey2021" class="citation web cs1">Otey, Jazmine (April 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2021/04/17/new-river-valley-auto-workers-go-on-strike-at-volvo-truck-plant/">"New River Valley auto workers go on strike at Volvo truck plant"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WSLS-TV" title="WSLS-TV">WSLS-TV</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210928183734/https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2021/04/17/new-river-valley-auto-workers-go-on-strike-at-volvo-truck-plant/">Archived</a> from the original on September 28, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Detroit+Bureau&rft.atitle=Third+Time+isn%27t+the+Charm+as+UAW+Votes+No+%E2%80%94+Volvo+Issues+Ultimatum&rft.date=2021-07-12&rft.aulast=Szczesny&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedetroitbureau.com%2F2021%2F07%2Fthird-time-isnt-the-charm-as-uaw-votes-no-volvo-issues-ultimatum%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:12_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinleyKrisher2021" class="citation web cs1">Finley, Ben; Krisher, Tom (September 6, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/business-health-coronavirus-pandemic-4895e84ab6ed4bb61e9cb8d6c0bcfad5">"Labor shortage leaves union workers feeling more emboldened"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/AP_News" class="mw-redirect" title="AP News">AP News</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210917172041/https://apnews.com/article/business-health-coronavirus-pandemic-4895e84ab6ed4bb61e9cb8d6c0bcfad5">Archived</a> from the original on September 17, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://themilitant.com/2021/05/01/we-will-not-back-down-2900-striking-autoworkers-tell-volvo/">the original</a> on May 1, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Roanoke+Times&rft.atitle=Volvo+reaches+tentative+agreement+with+union&rft.date=2021-05-20&rft.aulast=Fabris&rft.aufirst=Casey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froanoke.com%2Fbusiness%2Flocal%2Fvolvo-reaches-tentative-agreement-with-union%2Farticle_7a0bba2c-b9ba-11eb-acb4-6b6d927a2680.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRubinstein2021" class="citation journal cs1">Rubinstein, Arlene (June 28, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210619214820/https://themilitant.com/2021/06/19/volvo-truck-workers-strike-over-wages-divisive-two-tier/">"Volvo Truck workers strike over wages, divisive two-tier"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Militant" title="The Militant">The Militant</a></i>. <b>85</b> (25). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://themilitant.com/2021/06/19/volvo-truck-workers-strike-over-wages-divisive-two-tier/">the original</a> on June 19, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Militant&rft.atitle=Volvo+Truck+workers+strike+over+wages%2C+divisive+two-tier&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=25&rft.date=2021-06-28&rft.aulast=Rubinstein&rft.aufirst=Arlene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthemilitant.com%2F2021%2F06%2F19%2Fvolvo-truck-workers-strike-over-wages-divisive-two-tier%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReece2021" class="citation web cs1">Reece, Janay (June 7, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wdbj7.com/2021/06/08/uaw-leader-speaks-out-strike-volvo-trucks/">"WDBJ Exclusive: UAW leader speaks out on strike at Volvo Trucks"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WDBJ" title="WDBJ">WDBJ</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210608040721/https://www.wdbj7.com/2021/06/08/uaw-leader-speaks-out-strike-volvo-trucks/">Archived</a> from the original on June 8, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WDBJ&rft.atitle=WDBJ+Exclusive%3A+UAW+leader+speaks+out+on+strike+at+Volvo+Trucks&rft.date=2021-06-07&rft.aulast=Reece&rft.aufirst=Janay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wdbj7.com%2F2021%2F06%2F08%2Fuaw-leader-speaks-out-strike-volvo-trucks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_20-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_20-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoxley2021" class="citation web cs1">Moxley, Tonia (June 18, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roanoke.com/news/local/strike-continues-in-pulaski-county-as-uaw-calls-on-volvo-to-come-back-to-bargaining/article_87cc5b4e-d076-11eb-9e75-e7dd229471e7.html">"Strike continues in Pulaski County as UAW calls on Volvo to come back to bargaining"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Roanoke_Times" title="The Roanoke Times">The Roanoke Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Lee_Enterprises" title="Lee Enterprises">Lee Enterprises</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210620062512/https://roanoke.com/news/local/strike-continues-in-pulaski-county-as-uaw-calls-on-volvo-to-come-back-to-bargaining/article_87cc5b4e-d076-11eb-9e75-e7dd229471e7.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 20, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Roanoke+Times&rft.atitle=Strike+continues+in+Pulaski+County+as+UAW+calls+on+Volvo+to+come+back+to+bargaining&rft.date=2021-06-18&rft.aulast=Moxley&rft.aufirst=Tonia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froanoke.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fstrike-continues-in-pulaski-county-as-uaw-calls-on-volvo-to-come-back-to-bargaining%2Farticle_87cc5b4e-d076-11eb-9e75-e7dd229471e7.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:13-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:13_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:13_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinleyKrisher2021" class="citation news cs1">Finley, Ben; Krisher, Tom (July 12, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210928174406/https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/volvo-resume-production-virginia-plant-strike-78789996">"Volvo Trucks to restart Virginia factory as strike continues"</a>. <i>ABC News</i>. <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">American Broadcasting Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/volvo-resume-production-virginia-plant-strike-78789996">the original</a> on September 28, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Volvo+Trucks+to+restart+Virginia+factory+as+strike+continues&rft.date=2021-07-12&rft.aulast=Finley&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.au=Krisher%2C+Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FUS%2FwireStory%2Fvolvo-resume-production-virginia-plant-strike-78789996&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCallahan2021" class="citation web cs1">Callahan, Eddie (June 14, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wdbj7.com/2021/06/15/volvo-trucks-union-negotiations-resume-tuesday/">"Volvo Trucks, union negotiations resume Tuesday"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WDBJ" title="WDBJ">WDBJ</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210615004309/https://www.wdbj7.com/2021/06/15/volvo-trucks-union-negotiations-resume-tuesday/">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://themilitant.com/2021/07/03/volvo-strike-in-virginia-fights-divisive-wage-tiers/">the original</a> on July 3, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Militant&rft.atitle=Volvo+strike+in+Virginia+fights+divisive+wage+tiers&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=27&rft.date=2021-07-12&rft.aulast=Rubinstein&rft.aufirst=Arlene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthemilitant.com%2F2021%2F07%2F03%2Fvolvo-strike-in-virginia-fights-divisive-wage-tiers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:9-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:9_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoxley2021" class="citation web cs1">Moxley, Tonia (July 12, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roanoke.com/news/local/experts-uaw-and-volvo-face-risks-in-current-contract-impasse/article_1fac614c-e34c-11eb-a412-4310a7fb2979.html">"Experts: UAW and Volvo face risks in current contract impasse"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Roanoke_Times" title="The Roanoke Times">The Roanoke Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Lee_Enterprises" title="Lee Enterprises">Lee Enterprises</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210717143301/https://roanoke.com/news/local/experts-uaw-and-volvo-face-risks-in-current-contract-impasse/article_1fac614c-e34c-11eb-a412-4310a7fb2979.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 17, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Roanoke+Times&rft.atitle=Experts%3A+UAW+and+Volvo+face+risks+in+current+contract+impasse&rft.date=2021-07-12&rft.aulast=Moxley&rft.aufirst=Tonia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froanoke.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fexperts-uaw-and-volvo-face-risks-in-current-contract-impasse%2Farticle_1fac614c-e34c-11eb-a412-4310a7fb2979.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210702010854/https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/union-volvo-reach-tentative-deal-virginia-truck-plant-78622791">"Union, Volvo reach tentative deal at Virginia truck plant"</a>. <i>ABC News</i>. <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">American Broadcasting Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. July 1, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/union-volvo-reach-tentative-deal-virginia-truck-plant-78622791">the original</a> on July 2, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Union%2C+Volvo+reach+tentative+deal+at+Virginia+truck+plant&rft.date=2021-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FUS%2FwireStory%2Funion-volvo-reach-tentative-deal-virginia-truck-plant-78622791&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:8-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:8_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoxley2021" class="citation web cs1">Moxley, Tonia (July 2, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roanoke.com/news/local/volvo-workers-in-dublin-to-vote-on-third-tentative-contract-company-releases-details/article_18ff446c-db32-11eb-b561-f73efd92ee9e.html">"Volvo workers in Dublin to vote on third tentative contract; company releases details"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Roanoke_Times" title="The Roanoke Times">The Roanoke Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Lee_Enterprises" title="Lee Enterprises">Lee Enterprises</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210702134919/https://roanoke.com/news/local/volvo-workers-in-dublin-to-vote-on-third-tentative-contract-company-releases-details/article_18ff446c-db32-11eb-b561-f73efd92ee9e.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 2, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Detroit+Free+Press&rft.atitle=Workers+reject+3rd+tentative+agreement+at+Virginia+Volvo+plant&rft.date=2021-07-10&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=Eric+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.freep.com%2Fstory%2Fmoney%2Fcars%2F2021%2F07%2F10%2Fvolvo-uaw-workers-reject-third-tentative-agreement%2F7920875002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReece2021" class="citation web cs1">Reece, Janay (July 13, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wdbj7.com/2021/07/13/volvo-truck-worker-speaks-out-about-strike-picket-line/">"Volvo Truck worker speaks out about strike from the picket line"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WDBJ" title="WDBJ">WDBJ</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210928183348/https://gray-wdbj-prod.cdn.arcpublishing.com/2021/07/13/volvo-truck-worker-speaks-out-about-strike-picket-line/">Archived</a> from the original on September 28, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WDBJ&rft.atitle=Volvo+Truck+worker+speaks+out+about+strike+from+the+picket+line&rft.date=2021-07-13&rft.aulast=Reece&rft.aufirst=Janay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wdbj7.com%2F2021%2F07%2F13%2Fvolvo-truck-worker-speaks-out-about-strike-picket-line%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedenberger2021" class="citation web cs1">Friedenberger, Amy (July 12, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roanoke.com/business/local/volvo-leadership-and-union-respond-to-impasse-as-pulaski-county-plant-reopens/article_d346cd44-e286-11eb-871e-d37de41916c7.html">"Volvo leadership and union respond to impasse as Pulaski County plant reopens"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Roanoke_Times" title="The Roanoke Times">The Roanoke Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Lee_Enterprises" title="Lee Enterprises">Lee Enterprises</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210715173533/https://roanoke.com/business/local/volvo-leadership-and-union-respond-to-impasse-as-pulaski-county-plant-reopens/article_d346cd44-e286-11eb-871e-d37de41916c7.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Roanoke+Times&rft.atitle=Volvo+leadership+and+union+respond+to+impasse+as+Pulaski+County+plant+reopens&rft.date=2021-07-12&rft.aulast=Friedenberger&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froanoke.com%2Fbusiness%2Flocal%2Fvolvo-leadership-and-union-respond-to-impasse-as-pulaski-county-plant-reopens%2Farticle_d346cd44-e286-11eb-871e-d37de41916c7.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRubinstein2021" class="citation journal cs1">Rubinstein, Arlene (July 26, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210914002550/https://themilitant.com/2021/07/17/autoworkers-stand-up-to-volvo-truck-bosses/">"Autoworkers stand up to Volvo truck bosses"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Militant" title="The Militant">The Militant</a></i>. <b>85</b> (29). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://themilitant.com/2021/07/17/autoworkers-stand-up-to-volvo-truck-bosses/">the original</a> on September 14, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Militant&rft.atitle=Autoworkers+stand+up+to+Volvo+truck+bosses&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=29&rft.date=2021-07-26&rft.aulast=Rubinstein&rft.aufirst=Arlene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthemilitant.com%2F2021%2F07%2F17%2Fautoworkers-stand-up-to-volvo-truck-bosses%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:11-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:11_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:11_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:11_32-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoxley2021" class="citation web cs1">Moxley, Tonia (July 14, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roanoke.com/news/local/volvo-workers-at-pulaski-county-plant-narrowly-approve-contract/article_7c446178-e4fc-11eb-a86d-afc58c1ddda6.html">"Volvo workers at Pulaski County plant narrowly approve contract"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Roanoke_Times" title="The Roanoke Times">The Roanoke Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Lee_Enterprises" title="Lee Enterprises">Lee Enterprises</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210716021959/https://roanoke.com/news/local/volvo-workers-at-pulaski-county-plant-narrowly-approve-contract/article_7c446178-e4fc-11eb-a86d-afc58c1ddda6.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 16, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Roanoke+Times&rft.atitle=Volvo+workers+at+Pulaski+County+plant+narrowly+approve+contract&rft.date=2021-07-14&rft.aulast=Moxley&rft.aufirst=Tonia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froanoke.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fvolvo-workers-at-pulaski-county-plant-narrowly-approve-contract%2Farticle_7c446178-e4fc-11eb-a86d-afc58c1ddda6.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:14-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:14_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinleyKrisher2021" class="citation news cs1">Finley, Ben; Krisher, Tom (July 15, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210715014930/https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/uaw-factory-workers-ratify-deal-end-volvo-truck-78853685">"UAW factory workers ratify deal, will end Volvo truck strike"</a>. <i>ABC News</i>. <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">American Broadcasting Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/uaw-factory-workers-ratify-deal-end-volvo-truck-78853685">the original</a> on July 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=UAW+factory+workers+ratify+deal%2C+will+end+Volvo+truck+strike&rft.date=2021-07-15&rft.aulast=Finley&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.au=Krisher%2C+Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FUS%2FwireStory%2Fuaw-factory-workers-ratify-deal-end-volvo-truck-78853685&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawrence2021" class="citation web cs1">Lawrence, Eric D. (July 15, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freep.com/story/money/cars/2021/07/15/uaw-volvo-workers-ratify-contract/7974285002/">"UAW-represented Volvo workers OK contract they rejected earlier, ending strike"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Free_Press" title="Detroit Free Press">Detroit Free Press</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Gannett" title="Gannett">Gannett</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210715132843/https://www.freep.com/story/money/cars/2021/07/15/uaw-volvo-workers-ratify-contract/7974285002/">Archived</a> from the original on July 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Detroit+Free+Press&rft.atitle=UAW-represented+Volvo+workers+OK+contract+they+rejected+earlier%2C+ending+strike&rft.date=2021-07-15&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=Eric+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.freep.com%2Fstory%2Fmoney%2Fcars%2F2021%2F07%2F15%2Fuaw-volvo-workers-ratify-contract%2F7974285002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Virginia_Volvo_Trucks_strike&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKitts2021" class="citation web cs1">Kitts, Derek (April 29, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roanoke.com/opinion/letters/letter-democracy-in-action/article_7756da6c-a6bb-11eb-9e82-ff3810dca648.html">"Letter: Democracy in action"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Roanoke_Times" title="The Roanoke Times">The Roanoke Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Lee_Enterprises" title="Lee Enterprises">Lee Enterprises</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210502164605/https://roanoke.com/opinion/letters/letter-democracy-in-action/article_7756da6c-a6bb-11eb-9e82-ff3810dca648.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 2, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Roanoke+Times&rft.atitle=Letter%3A+Democracy+in+action&rft.date=2021-04-29&rft.aulast=Kitts&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froanoke.com%2Fopinion%2Fletters%2Fletter-democracy-in-action%2Farticle_7756da6c-a6bb-11eb-9e82-ff3810dca648.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roanoke.com/video/news/watch-now-unionized-volvo-trucks-workers-go-on-strike/video_ba889752-e406-5d24-8a57-c60d4373d5cb.html">"Watch now: Unionized Volvo Trucks workers go on strike"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Roanoke_Times" title="The Roanoke Times">The Roanoke Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Lee_Enterprises" title="Lee Enterprises">Lee Enterprises</a>. June 7, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210928230426/https://roanoke.com/video/news/watch-now-unionized-volvo-trucks-workers-go-on-strike/video_ba889752-e406-5d24-8a57-c60d4373d5cb.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 28, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Roanoke+Times&rft.atitle=Watch+now%3A+Unionized+Volvo+Trucks+workers+go+on+strike&rft.date=2021-06-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froanoke.com%2Fvideo%2Fnews%2Fwatch-now-unionized-volvo-trucks-workers-go-on-strike%2Fvideo_ba889752-e406-5d24-8a57-c60d4373d5cb.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roanoke.com/video/news/volvo-strike/video_f73d69a3-a6f8-5f26-9bcc-d4617b8a95bd.html">"Volvo strike"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Roanoke_Times" title="The Roanoke Times">The Roanoke Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Lee_Enterprises" title="Lee Enterprises">Lee Enterprises</a>. June 18, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210928225458/https://roanoke.com/video/news/volvo-strike/video_f73d69a3-a6f8-5f26-9bcc-d4617b8a95bd.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 28, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Roanoke+Times&rft.atitle=Volvo+strike&rft.date=2021-06-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froanoke.com%2Fvideo%2Fnews%2Fvolvo-strike%2Fvideo_f73d69a3-a6f8-5f26-9bcc-d4617b8a95bd.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2021+Virginia+Volvo+Trucks+strike" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link 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pandemic in the United States">COVID-19 pandemic in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_early_cases_of_COVID-19_in_the_United_States" title="List of early cases of COVID-19 in the United States">early cases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_(2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (2020)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (2021)">2021</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/United_States_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/United States medical cases">Data</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/United_States_medical_cases_by_state" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/United States medical cases by state">by state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/United_States_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/United States medical cases chart">chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_testing_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 testing in the United States">Testing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 vaccination in the United States">Vaccination</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_mandates_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 vaccination mandates in the United States">mandates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine_hesitancy_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the United States">misinformation and hesitancy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_by_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 misinformation by the United States">Misinformation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States and D.C.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alabama" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alaska" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Arizona" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Arkansas" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_California" title="COVID-19 pandemic in California">California</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_California" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in California">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the San Francisco Bay Area">S.F. Bay Area</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Colorado" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Connecticut" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Delaware" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Florida" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hawaii" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Idaho" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Illinois" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Indiana" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iowa" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kansas" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kentucky" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Louisiana" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maine" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maryland" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Maryland">Maryland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maryland" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Maryland">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Massachusetts" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Massachusetts" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Massachusetts">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Boston" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Boston">Boston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Boston" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Boston">timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Michigan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Minnesota" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mississippi" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Missouri" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montana" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nebraska" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nevada" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Hampshire" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Jersey" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Mexico" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_(state)" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New York (state)">New York</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New York City">New York City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City">timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Carolina" title="COVID-19 pandemic in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Dakota" title="COVID-19 pandemic in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ohio" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ohio">Ohio</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Columbus,_Ohio" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oklahoma" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oregon" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Oregon">Oregon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Portland,_Oregon" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Portland, Oregon">Portland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Pennsylvania" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Philadelphia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Rhode_Island" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Carolina" title="COVID-19 pandemic in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Dakota" title="COVID-19 pandemic in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tennessee" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Texas" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Texas">Texas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Texas" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Texas">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Austin,_Texas" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Austin, Texas">Austin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Utah" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vermont" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Virginia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Washington_(state)" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Washington,_D.C." title="COVID-19 pandemic in Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_House_COVID-19_outbreak" title="White House COVID-19 outbreak">White House</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_West_Virginia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wisconsin" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wyoming" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Territories and<br />other areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_American_Samoa" title="COVID-19 pandemic in American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Guantanamo_Bay_Naval_Base" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base">Guantanamo Bay Naval Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_U.S._immigration_detention" title="COVID-19 pandemic in U.S. immigration detention">Immigration detention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guam" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Navajo_Nation" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Navajo Nation">Navajo Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puerto_Rico" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States Virgin Islands">U.S. Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_Grand_Princess" title="COVID-19 pandemic on Grand Princess">Grand Princess</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_USS_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="COVID-19 pandemic on USS Theodore Roosevelt">USS <i>Theodore Roosevelt</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="United States responses to the COVID-19 pandemic">Responses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government<br />response</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pre-pandemic exercises <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crimson_Contagion" title="Crimson Contagion">Crimson Contagion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_Center_for_Health_Security#Event_201" title="Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security">Event 201</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._federal_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">Federal government response</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communication_of_the_Trump_administration_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Communication of the Trump administration during the COVID-19 pandemic">Trump administration communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Warp_Speed" title="Operation Warp Speed">Operation Warp Speed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biden_administration_COVID-19_action_plan" title="Biden administration COVID-19 action plan">Biden administration COVID-19 action plan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._state_and_local_government_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="U.S. state and local government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic">State and local government responses</a> <ul><li>state responses <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="California government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">California government response</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_state_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="New York state government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">New York government response</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Texas government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">Texas government response</a></li></ul></li> <li>Regional responses <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_States_Multi-state_Council" title="Eastern States Multi-state Council">Eastern States Multi-state Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_Governors_Regional_Pact" title="Midwest Governors Regional Pact">Midwest Governors Regional Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_States_Pact" title="Western States Pact">Western States Pact</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_eviction_moratoriums_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 eviction moratoriums in the United States">Eviction moratoriums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Select_Subcommittee_on_the_Coronavirus_Pandemic" title="United States House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Pandemic">House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Coronavirus_Task_Force" title="White House Coronavirus Task Force">White House Coronavirus Task Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_Advisory_Board" title="COVID-19 Advisory Board">COVID-19 Advisory Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_American_Economic_Revival_Industry_Groups" title="Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups">Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_ships_designated_for_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Hospital ships designated for the COVID-19 pandemic">Hospital ships</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USNS_Mercy" title="USNS Mercy">USNS <i>Mercy</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USNS_Comfort" title="USNS Comfort">USNS <i>Comfort</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Oval_Office_address" title="2020 Oval Office address">2020 Oval Office address</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paycheck_Protection_Program" title="Paycheck Protection Program">Paycheck Protection Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandemic_Response_Accountability_Committee" title="Pandemic Response Accountability Committee">Pandemic Response Accountability Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Inspector_General_for_Pandemic_Recovery" title="Special Inspector General for Pandemic Recovery">Special Inspector General for Pandemic Recovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_Congressional_Oversight_Commission" title="COVID-19 Congressional Oversight Commission">COVID-19 Congressional Oversight Commission</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legislation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coronavirus_Preparedness_and_Response_Supplemental_Appropriations_Act,_2020" title="Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020">Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Families_First_Coronavirus_Response_Act" title="Families First Coronavirus Response Act">Families First Coronavirus Response Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CARES_Act" title="CARES Act">CARES Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paycheck_Protection_Program_and_Health_Care_Enhancement_Act" title="Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act">Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HEROES_Act" title="HEROES Act">HEROES Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HEALS_Act" title="HEALS Act">HEALS Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Rescue_Plan_Act_of_2021" title="American Rescue Plan Act of 2021">American Rescue Plan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private<br />response</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_COVID_Control" title="Center for COVID Control">Center for COVID Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covid_Act_Now" title="Covid Act Now">Covid Act Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID_Tracking_Project" title="COVID Tracking Project">COVID Tracking Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MusiCares_COVID-19_Relief_Fund" title="MusiCares COVID-19 Relief Fund">MusiCares COVID-19 Relief Fund</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/30_Rock:_A_One-Time_Special" title="30 Rock: A One-Time Special">30 Rock: A One-Time Special</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Acting_for_a_Cause" title="Acting for a Cause">Acting for a Cause</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Digital_Drag_Fest" title="Digital Drag Fest">Digital Drag Fest</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Home_Movie:_The_Princess_Bride" title="Home Movie: The Princess Bride">Home Movie: The Princess Bride</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/IHeart_Living_Room_Concert_for_America" title="IHeart Living Room Concert for America">iHeart Living Room Concert for America</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Make_It_Work!" title="Make It Work!">Make It Work!</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Seder" title="Saturday Night Seder">Saturday Night Seder</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live_at_Home" title="Saturday Night Live at Home">Saturday Night Live at Home</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sesame_Street:_Elmo%27s_Playdate" title="Sesame Street: Elmo's Playdate">Sesame Street: Elmo's Playdate</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Disney_Family_Singalong" title="The Disney Family Singalong">The Disney Family Singalong</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Disney_Family_Singalong:_Volume_II" class="mw-redirect" title="The Disney Family Singalong: Volume II">Volume II</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Take_Me_to_the_World:_A_Sondheim_90th_Birthday_Celebration" title="Take Me to the World: A Sondheim 90th Birthday Celebration">Take Me to the World: A Sondheim 90th Birthday Celebration</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Together_at_Home" title="Together at Home">Together at Home</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saving_Our_Selves" title="Saving Our Selves">Saving Our Selves</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Parks_and_Recreation_Special" title="A Parks and Recreation Special">A Parks and Recreation Special</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rise_Up_New_York!" title="Rise Up New York!">Rise Up New York!</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/U.S._Deaths_Near_100,000,_An_Incalculable_Loss" title="U.S. Deaths Near 100,000, An Incalculable Loss">U.S. Deaths Near 100,000, An Incalculable Loss</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dear_Class_of_2020" title="Dear Class of 2020">Dear Class of 2020</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Graduation2020" title="Graduation2020">#Graduation2020</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Graduate_Together:_America_Honors_the_High_School_Class_of_2020" title="Graduate Together: America Honors the High School Class of 2020">Graduate Together: America Honors the High School Class of 2020</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/We_Are_One:_A_Global_Film_Festival" title="We Are One: A Global Film Festival">We Are One: A Global Film Festival</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Global_Goal:_Unite_for_Our_Future" title="Global Goal: Unite for Our Future">Global Goal: Unite for Our Future</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Killer_Party" title="A Killer Party">A Killer Party</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Disney_Holiday_Singalong" class="mw-redirect" title="The Disney Holiday Singalong">The Disney Holiday Singalong</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/WrestleMania_36" title="WrestleMania 36">WrestleMania 36</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ratatouille_the_Musical" title="Ratatouille the Musical">Ratatouille the Musical</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Kidman_AMC_Theatres_commercial" title="Nicole Kidman AMC Theatres commercial">Nicole Kidman AMC Theatres commercial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/93rd_Academy_Awards" title="93rd Academy Awards">93rd Academy Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/74th_Tony_Awards" title="74th Tony Awards">74th Tony Awards</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stars_in_the_House" title="Stars in the House">Stars in the House</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Impacts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">Social</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election#Effects_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020 presidential election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting_in_the_2020_United_States_elections" title="Postal voting in the 2020 United States elections">postal voting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_hospital_crisis_in_the_U.S._from_COVID-19" title="2021 hospital crisis in the U.S. from COVID-19">2021 hospital crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_abortion_in_the_United_States" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on abortion in the United States">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_congressional_insider_trading_scandal" title="2020 congressional insider trading scandal">Congressional insider trading scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_United_States" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the United States">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Face_masks_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">Face masks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_foster_care_in_the_United_States" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on foster care in the United States">Foster care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Teams" title="Microsoft Teams">Microsoft Teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 protests in the United States">Protests</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Open_the_States" title="Open the States">Open the States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Floyd_protests" title="George Floyd protests">George Floyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_United_States_election_protests" title="2020–21 United States election protests">Election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="January 6 United States Capitol attack">United States Capitol attack</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_disparities_in_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="Racial disparities in the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">Racial disparities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_African_diaspora" class="mw-redirect" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on African diaspora">African-American communities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Native_American_tribes_and_tribal_communities" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Native American tribes and tribal communities">Native American communities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States#Sports" title="Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_television_in_the_United_States" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on television in the United States">Television</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_television_series_impacted_by_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="List of American television series impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic">programs affected</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_Walt_Disney_Company" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Walt Disney Company">The Walt Disney Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoom_Video_Communications" title="Zoom Video Communications">Zoom Video Communications</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_pediatric_care_crisis" title="2022–2023 pediatric care crisis">2022–2023 pediatric care crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">Economic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_meat_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the meat industry in the United States">Meat industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_recession" title="COVID-19 recession">Recession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_restaurant_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the restaurant industry in the United States">Restaurant industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_stock_market_crash" title="2020 stock market crash">Stock market crash</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Strikes_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Strikes during the COVID-19 pandemic">Strikes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_Alabama_aluminum_plant_strike" title="2020–2021 Alabama aluminum plant strike">Alabama aluminum plant strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Allegheny_Technologies_strike" title="2021 Allegheny Technologies strike">Allegheny Technologies strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Bath_shipbuilders%27_strike" title="2020 Bath shipbuilders' strike">Bath shipbuilders' strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_Columbia_University_strike" title="2021–2022 Columbia University strike">Columbia University strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Frito-Lay_strike" title="2021 Frito-Lay strike">Frito-Lay strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_HarperCollins_strike" title="2022–2023 HarperCollins strike">HarperCollins strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Heaven_Hill_strike" title="2021 Heaven Hill strike">Heaven Hill strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Hunts_Point_Produce_Market_strike" title="2021 Hunts Point Produce Market strike">Hunts Point Produce Market strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_John_Deere_strike" title="2021 John Deere strike">John Deere strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Kellogg%27s_strike" title="2021 Kellogg's strike">Kellogg's strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Mercy_Hospital_strike" title="2021 Mercy Hospital strike">Mercy Hospital strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Michigan_graduate_students%27_strike" title="2020 Michigan graduate students' strike">Michigan graduate students' strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Nabisco_strike" title="2021 Nabisco strike">Nabisco strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Oregon_Tech_strike" title="2021 Oregon Tech strike">Oregon Tech strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_Saint_Vincent_Hospital_strike" title="2021–2022 Saint Vincent Hospital strike">Saint Vincent Hospital strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_St._Charles_Bend_strike" title="2021 St. Charles Bend strike">St. Charles Bend strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_St._Paul_Park_refinery_strike" title="2021 St. Paul Park refinery strike">St. Paul Park refinery strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_University_of_Illinois_Hospital_strikes" title="2020 University of Illinois Hospital strikes">University of Illinois Hospital strikes</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Virginia Volvo Trucks strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932023_Warrior_Met_Coal_strike" title="2021–2023 Warrior Met Coal strike">Warrior Met Coal strike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable<br />people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Federal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Adams" title="Jerome Adams">Jerome Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Atlas" title="Scott Atlas">Scott Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Azar" title="Alex Azar">Alex Azar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_Birx" title="Deborah Birx">Deborah Birx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Bright" title="Rick Bright">Rick Bright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Fauci" title="Anthony Fauci">Anthony Fauci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Gaynor" title="Pete Gaynor">Pete Gaynor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Giroir" title="Brett Giroir">Brett Giroir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hahn" title="Stephen Hahn">Stephen Hahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashish_Jha" title="Ashish Jha">Ashish Jha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Klain" title="Ron Klain">Ron Klain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Messonnier" title="Nancy Messonnier">Nancy Messonnier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivek_Murthy" title="Vivek Murthy">Vivek Murthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Navarro" title="Peter Navarro">Peter Navarro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Mike Pence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustave_F._Perna" title="Gustave F. Perna">Gustave F. Perna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_R._Redfield" title="Robert R. Redfield">Robert R. Redfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_T._Semonite" title="Todd T. Semonite">Todd T. Semonite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moncef_Slaoui" title="Moncef Slaoui">Moncef Slaoui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Slavitt" title="Andy Slavitt">Andy Slavitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochelle_Walensky" title="Rochelle Walensky">Rochelle Walensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Zients" title="Jeff Zients">Jeff Zients</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">State and<br />local</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Acton" title="Amy Acton">Amy Acton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Adams" title="Eric Adams">Eric Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Abbott" title="Greg Abbott">Greg Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Brown" title="Kate Brown">Kate Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo" title="Andrew Cuomo">Andrew Cuomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_A._Chokshi" title="Dave A. Chokshi">Dave A. Chokshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_de_Blasio" title="Bill de Blasio">Bill de Blasio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_DeSantis" title="Ron DeSantis">Ron DeSantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_DeWine" title="Mike DeWine">Mike DeWine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Garcetti" title="Eric Garcetti">Eric Garcetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathy_Hochul" title="Kathy Hochul">Kathy Hochul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Hogan" title="Larry Hogan">Larry Hogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Inslee" title="Jay Inslee">Jay Inslee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Kenney" title="Jim Kenney">Jim Kenney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Kemp" title="Brian Kemp">Brian Kemp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ned_Lamont" title="Ned Lamont">Ned Lamont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lori_Lightfoot" title="Lori Lightfoot">Lori Lightfoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Murphy" title="Phil Murphy">Phil Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Newsom" title="Gavin Newsom">Gavin Newsom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._B._Pritzker" title="J. B. Pritzker">J. B. Pritzker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gretchen_Whitmer" title="Gretchen Whitmer">Gretchen Whitmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Wolf" title="Tom Wolf">Tom Wolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scientists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yaneer_Bar-Yam" title="Yaneer Bar-Yam">Yaneer Bar-Yam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Bergstrom" title="Carl Bergstrom">Carl Bergstrom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandy_Cohen" title="Mandy Cohen">Mandy Cohen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kizzmekia_Corbett" title="Kizzmekia Corbett">Kizzmekia Corbett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalie_Dean" title="Natalie Dean">Natalie Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Feigl-Ding" title="Eric Feigl-Ding">Eric Feigl-Ding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9line_Gounder" title="Céline Gounder">Céline Gounder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Gottlieb" title="Scott Gottlieb">Scott Gottlieb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Hotez" title="Peter Hotez">Peter Hotez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akiko_Iwasaki" title="Akiko Iwasaki">Akiko Iwasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashish_Jha" title="Ashish Jha">Ashish Jha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Lipsitch" title="Marc Lipsitch">Marc Lipsitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syra_Madad" title="Syra Madad">Syra Madad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauren_Meyers" title="Lauren Meyers">Lauren Meyers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Mina_(epidemiologist)" title="Michael Mina (epidemiologist)">Michael Mina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Osterholm" title="Michael Osterholm">Michael Osterholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimberly_Prather" title="Kimberly Prather">Kimberly Prather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caitlin_Rivers" title="Caitlin Rivers">Caitlin Rivers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SARS-CoV-2_(Wikimedia_colors).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="virus icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/SARS-CoV-2_%28Wikimedia_colors%29.svg/26px-SARS-CoV-2_%28Wikimedia_colors%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/SARS-CoV-2_%28Wikimedia_colors%29.svg/39px-SARS-CoV-2_%28Wikimedia_colors%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/SARS-CoV-2_%28Wikimedia_colors%29.svg/52px-SARS-CoV-2_%28Wikimedia_colors%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="666" data-file-height="711" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:COVID-19" title="Portal:COVID-19">COVID-19 portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_Auto_Workers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_Auto_Workers" title="Template:United Auto Workers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_Auto_Workers" title="Template talk:United Auto Workers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_Auto_Workers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United Auto Workers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_Auto_Workers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_Auto_Workers" title="United Auto Workers">United Auto Workers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/I.E._America_Radio_Network" title="I.E. America Radio Network">I.E. America Radio Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union,_Allied_Industrial_Workers_of_America" title="International Union, Allied Industrial Workers of America">International Union, Allied Industrial Workers of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UAW-Ford_University" title="UAW-Ford University">UAW-Ford University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WDET-FM" title="WDET-FM">WDET-FM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UAW-Ford_National_Programs_Center" title="UAW-Ford National Programs Center">UAW-Ford National Programs Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Strikes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flint_sit-down_strike" title="Flint sit-down strike">1936–1937 Flint sit-down strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tool_and_die_strike_of_1939" title="Tool and die strike of 1939">1939 tools and die strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Auto_Strike" title="Chrysler Auto Strike">1939 Chrysler Strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_Strike_of_1945" title="Ford Strike of 1945">1945 Ford Strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945%E2%80%931946_General_Motors_strike" title="1945–1946 General Motors strike">1945–1946 General Motors strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979%E2%80%931980_International_Harvester_strike" title="1979–1980 International Harvester strike">1979–1980 International Harvester strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986%E2%80%931987_John_Deere_strike" title="1986–1987 John Deere strike">1986–1987 John Deere strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_General_Motors_strike" title="2007 General Motors strike">2007 General Motors strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_General_Motors_strike" title="2019 General Motors strike">2019 General Motors strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_John_Deere_strike" title="2021 John Deere strike">2021 John Deere strike</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2021 Volvo strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_HarperCollins_strike" title="2022–2023 HarperCollins strike">2022–2023 HarperCollins strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_United_Auto_Workers_strike" title="2023 United Auto Workers strike">2023 Ford-GM-Stellantis strike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tesla_and_unions" title="Tesla and unions">Tesla and unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_and_unions" title="Volkswagen and unions">Volkswagen and unions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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