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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Masa_kekuasaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Masa kekuasaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Masa_kekuasaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Akhir_hayat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Akhir_hayat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Akhir hayat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Akhir_hayat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keluarga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keluarga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Keluarga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keluarga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rujukan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rujukan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Rujukan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Rujukan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Rujukan</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Rujukan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Daftar_pustaka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Daftar_pustaka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Daftar pustaka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Daftar_pustaka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Darius III</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 74 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-74" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">74 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB" title="دار يوس الثالث – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دار يوس الثالث" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA" title="داريوش التالت – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="داريوش التالت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/III_Dara" title="III Dara – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="III Dara" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%86%DA%86%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B4" title="اۆچونجو داریوش – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اۆچونجو داریوش" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_III" title="Дарий III – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дарий III" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B8" title="তৃতীয় দারিয়ুস – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তৃতীয় দারিয়ুস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darios_III_de_P%C3%A8rsia" title="Darios III de Pèrsia – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Darios III de Pèrsia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B4%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%8E%DB%8C%DB%95%D9%85" title="داریووشی سێیەم – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="داریووشی سێیەم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dareios_III." title="Dareios III. – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dareios III." data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darius_III,_brenin_Persia" title="Darius III, brenin Persia – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Darius III, brenin Persia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dareios_3." title="Dareios 3. – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Dareios 3." data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dareios_III." title="Dareios III. – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dareios III." data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darius_III" title="Darius III – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Darius III" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%84_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Δαρείος Γ΄ της Περσίας – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δαρείος Γ΄ της Περσίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darius_III" title="Darius III – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Darius III" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dario_la_3-a" title="Dario la 3-a – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dario la 3-a" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dar%C3%ADo_III" title="Darío III – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Darío III" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dareios_III" title="Dareios III – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Dareios III" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dario_III.a" title="Dario III.a – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Dario III.a" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B4_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85" title="داریوش سوم – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="داریوش سوم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dareios_III" title="Dareios III – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Dareios III" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darius_III" title="Darius III – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Darius III" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darius_III" title="Darius III – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Darius III" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dar%C3%ADo_III" title="Darío III – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Darío III" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A4%D9%85%D9%8A_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%DB%8A%D8%B4" title="سوؤمي داريۊش – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="سوؤمي داريۊش" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A9_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%99" title="דריווש השלישי – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דריווש השלישי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF" title="दारा तृतीय – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दारा तृतीय" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darije_III." title="Darije III. – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Darije III." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/III._D%C3%A1rajavaus_perzsa_kir%C3%A1ly" title="III. Dárajavaus perzsa király – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="III. Dárajavaus perzsa király" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B0_%D4%B3" title="Դարեհ Գ – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դարեհ Գ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dario_III_di_Persia" title="Dario III di Persia – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dario III di Persia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%80%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AA%E3%82%B93%E4%B8%96" title="ダレイオス3世 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ダレイオス3世" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1_III" title="დარიოს III – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დარიოს III" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EB%A6%AC%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4_3%EC%84%B8" title="다리우스 3세 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="다리우스 3세" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darius_III_(rex_Persarum)" title="Darius III (rex Persarum) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Darius III (rex Persarum)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darijus_III" title="Darijus III – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Darijus III" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C4%81rijs_III" title="Dārijs III – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dārijs III" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dari%C3%B4sy_III" title="Dariôsy III – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Dariôsy III" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98_III" title="Дариј III – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Дариј III" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_III" title="ദാരിയൂസ് III – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ദാരിയൂസ് III" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B6" title="तिसरा दारियुश – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तिसरा दारियुश" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darius_III_dari_Parsi" title="Darius III dari Parsi – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Darius III dari Parsi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B4_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85" title="داریوش سوم – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="داریوش سوم" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dareios_III." title="Dareios III. – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Dareios III." data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darius_III" title="Darius III – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Darius III" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dareios_III_av_Persia" title="Dareios III av Persia – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Dareios III av Persia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A0rius_III" title="Dàrius III – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Dàrius III" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dariusz_III" title="Dariusz III – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dariusz III" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dario_III" title="Dario III – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dario III" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darius_al_III-lea" title="Darius al III-lea – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Darius al III-lea" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_III" title="Дарий III – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дарий III" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darius_III" title="Darius III – Skotlandia" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Darius III" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darije_III" title="Darije III – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Darije III" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darius_III" title="Darius III – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Darius III" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dareios_III." title="Dareios III. – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Dareios III." data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darej_III." title="Darej III. – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Darej III." data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5_III" title="Дарије III – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Дарије III" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dareios_III" title="Dareios III – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Dareios III" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE" title="மூன்றாம் தாரா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மூன்றாம் தாரா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8E%D1%88%D0%B8_III" title="Дориюши III – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Дориюши III" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_3" title="พระเจ้าดาไรอัสที่ 3 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พระเจ้าดาไรอัสที่ 3" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dario_III" title="Dario III – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Dario III" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/III._Darius" title="III. Darius – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="III. Darius" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B9_III" title="Дарій III – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Дарій III" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85" title="دارا سوم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دارا سوم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darius_III" title="Darius III – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Darius III" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darius_III" title="Darius III – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Darius III" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B5%81%E5%A3%AB%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="大流士三世 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="大流士三世" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1_III" title="დარიოს III – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="დარიოს III" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A9_%D7%93%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="דריווש דער דריטער – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="דריווש דער דריטער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A1r%C3%AD%C3%B9_3k_P%E1%BA%B9%CC%81rs%C3%AD%C3%A0" title="Dáríù 3k Pẹ́rsíà – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Dáríù 3k Pẹ́rsíà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B5%81%E5%A3%AB%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="大流士三世 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="大流士三世" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darius_3-s%C3%A8" title="Darius 3-sè – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Darius 3-sè" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B5%81%E5%A3%AB%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="大流士三世 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="大流士三世" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Darius III<br />𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Meister_der_Alexanderschlacht_003.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Meister_der_Alexanderschlacht_003.jpg/230px-Meister_der_Alexanderschlacht_003.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Meister_der_Alexanderschlacht_003.jpg/345px-Meister_der_Alexanderschlacht_003.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Meister_der_Alexanderschlacht_003.jpg/460px-Meister_der_Alexanderschlacht_003.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1399" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">Penggambaran Darius III dalam <a href="/wiki/Pertempuran_Issos" title="Pertempuran Issos">Pertempuran Issos</a> pada <a href="/wiki/Mozaik_Aleksander" class="mw-redirect" title="Mozaik Aleksander">Mozaik Aleksander</a> (sekitar 100 SM)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_kepala_monarki_Iran#Akhemeniyah_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar kepala monarki Iran">Raja Diraja Iran</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Berkuasa</th><td class="infobox-data">336–330 SM</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pendahulu</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Artahsasta_IV" title="Artahsasta IV">Artahsasta IV</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Penerus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Agung" title="Aleksander Agung">Aleksander Agung</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Besos" title="Besos">Artahsasta V</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_penguasa_Mesir_kuno" title="Daftar penguasa Mesir kuno">Firaun Mesir</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Berkuasa</th><td class="infobox-data">336–332 SM</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pendahulu</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Artahsasta_IV" title="Artahsasta IV">Artahsasta IV</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Penerus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Agung" title="Aleksander Agung">Aleksander Agung</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Kelahiran</th><td class="infobox-data">sekitar 380 SM</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Kematian</th><td class="infobox-data">Juli 330 SM (sekitar usia 50 tahun)<br /><a href="/wiki/Parthia" class="mw-redirect" title="Parthia">Parthia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pemakaman</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/Parsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Parsa">Parsa</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pasangan</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Stateira_(istri_Darius_III)" title="Stateira (istri Darius III)">Stateira</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Keturunan_(genealogi)" title="Keturunan (genealogi)">Keturunan</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stateira_(putri_Darius_III)" title="Stateira (putri Darius III)">Stateira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drypetis" title="Drypetis">Drypetis</a></li> <li>Ochus</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinasti">Wangsa</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Akhemeniyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Akhemeniyah">Akhemeniyah</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ayah</th><td class="infobox-data">Arsames</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ibu</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sisygambis" title="Sisygambis">Sisygambis</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agama</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianisme" title="Zoroastrianisme">Zoroastrianisme</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Darius III</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Persia_Kuno" title="Bahasa Persia Kuno">bahasa Persia Kuno</a>: <span lang="peo">𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁</span> <i>Dārayava(h)uš</i>; <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Persia" title="Bahasa Persia">Persia</a>: <span lang="fa">داریوش</span> <i>Dāryuš</i>; sekitar 380 – 330 SM) adalah Raja Diraja (Kaisar) Iran dari Dinasti Akhemeniyah, berkuasa pada 336–330 SM. Dia juga Firaun Mesir yang berkuasa pada 336–332 SM. Banyak pihak memandang bahwa Darius III adalah Raja Diraja Iran terakhir dari Dinasti Akhemeniyah. Sepeninggalnya, takhta Iran diambil alih oleh Aleksander Agung. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Latar_belakang">Latar belakang</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darius_III&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Latar belakang" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darius_III&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Latar belakang"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sebelum naik takhta, Darius menyandang nama Artasiyata (bahagia dalam Arta).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBriant201548_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBriant201548-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sejarawan Romawi <a href="/wiki/Yustinus_(sejarawan)" title="Yustinus (sejarawan)">Yustinus</a> menyatakan bahwa namanya sebelum terkenal adalah Kodomannus. Nama ini mungkin nama panggilan atau nama ketiga.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBriant201549_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBriant201549-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dia kemudian mengambil <a href="/wiki/Nama_takhta" class="mw-redirect" title="Nama takhta">nama takhta</a> "Darius" setelah naik takhta.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchmitt199440_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt199440-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Darius adalah anggota jauh dari Dinasti Akhemeniyah. Pada awalnya dia dilaporkan merupakan sosok yang tidak menonjol di antara rekan-rekannya dan pertama kali menjadi terkenal selama perang dengan bangsa Kadusian pada 350-an SM di masa kekuasaan <a href="/wiki/Artahsasta_III" title="Artahsasta III">Artahsasta III</a>. Sebagai hadiah atas keberaniannya, dia diangkat sebagai <a href="/wiki/Satrap" title="Satrap">Satrap</a> Armenia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBadian2000245,_251_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBadian2000245,_251-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sekitar tahun 340 SM, ia diangkat sebagai penanggung jawab "layanan pos" kekaisaran, sebuah kedudukan tinggi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBadian2000250_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBadian2000250-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada 338 SM, Artahsasta III meninggal diracuni oleh Bagoas.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaters2014197_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaters2014197-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDandamaev1989312_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDandamaev1989312-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bagoas kemudian mengangkat putra bungsu Artahsasta III, Arsyaka, sebagai penguasa baru.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchmitt1986658–659_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt1986658–659-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeCoq1986548_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeCoq1986548-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBriant2002690_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBriant2002690-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nama takhtanya <a href="/wiki/Artahsasta_IV" title="Artahsasta IV">Artahsasta IV</a>. Dia hanya memerintah selama beberapa tahun sampai Bagoas meracuninya juga.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeCoq1986548_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeCoq1986548-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Masa_kekuasaan">Masa kekuasaan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darius_III&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Masa kekuasaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darius_III&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Masa kekuasaan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Darius naik takhta setelah wafatnya Artahsasta IV. Reputasi keberanian Darius III, statusnya yang masih berdarah kaisar, dan dukungan yang dia nikmati dari Artahsasta III membantunya mendapatkan penerimaan di kalangan bangsawan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBadian2000252_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBadian2000252-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bagoas segera berusaha untuk meracuni Darius III juga, tetapi rencananya terbongkar. Darius III memanggil Bagoas dan memintanya untuk bersulang untuknya, memberikan cangkirnya yang berisi racun. Bagoas terpaksa meminumnya, mengakibatkan kematiannya.<sup id="cite_ref-DIO_XVII_5_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DIO_XVII_5-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHeckel202011–12_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeckel202011–12-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada 334 SM, Raja Makedonia <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Agung" title="Aleksander Agung">Aleksander Agung</a> memulai penyerangan ke wilayah Kekaisaran Persia dengan menyerbu kawasan <a href="/wiki/Asia_Kecil" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia Kecil">Asia Kecil</a>. Peristiwa yang dikenal dengan <a href="/wiki/Pertempuran_Granikos" title="Pertempuran Granikos">Pertempuran Granikos</a> ini merupakan perang pertama dari tiga perang besar antara pihak Aleksander dan Persia, dan perang ini dimenangkan Aleksander. Darius tidak turut serta dalam perang karena mungkin mengira Aleksander tidak berniat menaklukan seluruh Asia atau berpikir kalau para satrap bisa menghentikannya.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Darius baru turun tangan pada <a href="/wiki/Pertempuran_Issos" title="Pertempuran Issos">Pertempuran Issos</a> tahun 333 SM, atau satu setengah tahun setelah Granikos. Pasukan Darius mengungguli jumlah pasukan Aleksander dengan perbandingan kira-kira dua banding satu. Namun tidak hanya memenangkan perang, Aleksander bahkan menawan keluarga Darius, yakni Ibu Suri Sisygambis (ibu Darius), Permaisuri Stateira (istri Darius), Putri Stateira (putri Darius), dan Putri Drypetis (putri Darius). Darius sendiri berhasil melarikan diri.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aleksander menduduki Mesir pada akhir 332 SM dan dia dianggap sebagai pembebas.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Untuk melegitimasi kekuasaannya, Aleksander membuat pengorbanan kepada para dewa di <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Mesir" class="mw-redirect" title="Memphis, Mesir">Memphis</a> dan pergi untuk berkonsultasi dengan <a href="/wiki/Orakel" title="Orakel">orakel</a> <a href="/wiki/Amun-Ra" class="mw-redirect" title="Amun-Ra">Amun-Ra</a> terkenal di <a href="/wiki/Wahat_Siwah" title="Wahat Siwah">Wahat Siwah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Setelah mengambil alih Mesir, Aleksander menuju timur dan kembali menang melawan Darius dalam <a href="/wiki/Pertempuran_Gaugamela" title="Pertempuran Gaugamela">Pertempuran Gaugamela</a> di Iraq pada 331 SM,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> kemudian menjarah perbendaharaan kota <a href="/wiki/Susan_(kota)" title="Susan (kota)">Susan</a>. Aleksander kemudian mengirim sebagian besar pasukannya ke <a href="/wiki/Parsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Parsa">Parsa</a> melalui Jalan Raja. Aleksander sendiri membawa pasukan terpilih ke rute langsung ke kota. Dia kemudian menyerbu celah Gerbang Persia (di <a href="/wiki/Pegunungan_Zagros" title="Pegunungan Zagros">Pegunungan Zagros</a> modern) yang telah diblokir oleh tentara Persia di bawah Ariobarzan dan kemudian bergegas ke Parsa sebelum <a href="/wiki/Garnisun" title="Garnisun">garnisunnya</a> dapat menjarah perbendaharaan.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Darius sendiri melarikan diri ke <a href="/wiki/Ekbatana" title="Ekbatana">Ekbatana</a> dan kemudian ke <a href="/wiki/Baktria" title="Baktria">Baktria</a>. </p><p>Saat memasuki Parsa, Aleksander mengizinkan pasukannya untuk menjarah kota selama beberapa hari.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aleksander tinggal di Parsa selama lima bulan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorkot1996121_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorkot1996121-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Selama dia tinggal, kebakaran terjadi di istana timur Xerxes I dan menyebar ke seluruh kota. Kemungkinan penyebabnya termasuk kecelakaan mabuk atau balas dendam yang disengaja atas pembakaran <a href="/wiki/Akropolis_Athena" title="Akropolis Athena">Akropolis Athena</a> selama Perang Persia Kedua oleh Xerxes.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHammond198372–73_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHammond198372–73-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pasukan Persia menjadi semakin terdemoralisasi dengan ancaman konstan serangan mendadak dari Aleksander, yang menyebabkan banyak desersi dan akhirnya kudeta yang dipimpin oleh Besos, Satrap Baktria dan masih berkerabat dengan Darius. Bersama Nabarzan, Besos menyarankan kepada Darius agar komando pasukan diserahkan pada Besos dan komando akan dikembalikan pada kaisar begitu Aleksander dikalahkan. Darius tidak menerima rencana ini dan para konspiratornya menjadi lebih ingin menyingkirkannya karena kegagalannya berturut-turut melawan Alexander dan pasukannya. Patron, seorang tentara bayaran Yunani, mendorong Darius untuk menerima pengawal tentara bayaran Yunani daripada pengawal biasa untuk melindunginya dari Besos dan Nabarzan, tetapi Darius tidak dapat menerimanya karena alasan politik.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Akhir_hayat">Akhir hayat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darius_III&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Akhir hayat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darius_III&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Akhir hayat"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Besos dan Nabarzan akhirnya mengikat Darius dan melemparkannya ke dalam gerobak sapi sementara mereka memerintah pasukan Persia. Saat pasukan Aleksander semakin mendekat, pihak Persia menjadi panik. Besos dan dua konspirator lainnya, Satibarzan dan Barsaentes, melukai Darius dengan lembing mereka sampai sekarat.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Besos kemudian menyatakan diri sebagai penerus Darius dan mengambil nama takhta Artahsasta (V), kemudian mundur ke <a href="/wiki/Asia_Tengah" title="Asia Tengah">Asia Tengah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArrian1976III,_21,_25_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEArrian1976III,_21,_25-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aleksander sendiri kemudian mengirimkan jasad Darius ke Parsa dan memakamkannya selayaknya para penguasa Persia sebelumnya.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArrian1976III,_22_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEArrian1976III,_22-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aleksander mengklaim bahwa saat sekarat, Darius menunjuknya sebagai penerusnya.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGergel200481_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGergel200481-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada umumnya, Dinasti Akhemeniyah dipandang jatuh bersama dengan kematian Darius.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aleksander sendiri kemudian menikahi putri Darius, Stateira, pada 324 SM. </p><p>Darius dikenang dalam sebagian tradisi Iran sebagai Dara II, raja terakhir dari dinasti mitologis Kayanian, yang mencerminkan kenangan Akhemeniyah. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Keluarga">Keluarga</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darius_III&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Keluarga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darius_III&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Keluarga"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Orang tua</b> </p> <ul><li><b>Ayah</b> — <b>Arsames</b>, cicit <a href="/wiki/Darius_II" title="Darius II">Darius II</a></li> <li><b>Ibu</b> — <b><a href="/wiki/Sisygambis" title="Sisygambis">Sisygambis</a></b>, kemungkinan putri <a href="/wiki/Artahsasta_II" title="Artahsasta II">Artahsasta II</a></li></ul> <p><b>Pasangan</b> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Stateira_(istri_Darius_III)" title="Stateira (istri Darius III)">Stateira</a></b>, kemungkinan saudari Darius III</li></ul> <p><b>Anak</b> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Stateira_(putri_Darius_III)" title="Stateira (putri Darius III)">Stateira</a></b> atau <b>Barsine</b>. Menikah dengan Aleksander Agung.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Drypetis" title="Drypetis">Drypetis</a></b>. Menikah dengan <a href="/wiki/Hephaestion" title="Hephaestion">Hephaestion</a>, sahabat Aleksander Agung.</li> <li><b>Ochus</b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rujukan">Rujukan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darius_III&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Rujukan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darius_III&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Rujukan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEIr.199451–54_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEIr.1994">EIr. 1994</a>, hlm. 51–54.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBriant201548-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBriant201548_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBriant2015">Briant 2015</a>, hlm. 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBriant201549-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBriant201549_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBriant2015">Briant 2015</a>, hlm. 49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt199440-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchmitt199440_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchmitt1994">Schmitt 1994</a>, hlm. 40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBadian2000245,_251-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBadian2000245,_251_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBadian2000">Badian 2000</a>, hlm. 245, 251.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBadian2000250-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBadian2000250_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBadian2000">Badian 2000</a>, hlm. 250.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaters2014197-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaters2014197_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWaters2014">Waters 2014</a>, hlm. 197.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDandamaev1989312-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDandamaev1989312_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDandamaev1989">Dandamaev 1989</a>, hlm. 312.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt1986658–659-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchmitt1986658–659_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchmitt1986">Schmitt 1986</a>, hlm. 658–659.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeCoq1986548-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeCoq1986548_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeCoq1986548_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLeCoq1986">LeCoq 1986</a>, hlm. 548.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBriant2002690-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBriant2002690_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBriant2002">Briant 2002</a>, hlm. 690.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBadian2000252-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBadian2000252_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBadian2000">Badian 2000</a>, hlm. 252.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DIO_XVII_5-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DIO_XVII_5_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Diodorus Siculus, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/17A*.html#8">Book XVII, Chapter 5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeckel202011–12-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHeckel202011–12_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHeckel2020">Heckel 2020</a>, hlm. 11–12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cawkwell, George. <i>The Greek Wars: The Failure of Persia</i>. hlm. 209</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Maxwell O'Brien, <i>Alexander the Great: The Invisible Enemy: A Biography</i>, Routledge, London, 1994, hlm. 58</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Arrian, <i>The Campaigns of Alexander</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRingSalkinBerneySchellinger1994">Ring <i>et al</i>. 1994</a>, hlm. 49, 320</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Strudwick, Helen (2006). <i>The Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt</i>. New York: Sterling Publishing Co., Inc. hlm. 96–97. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-4351-4654-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-4351-4654-9">978-1-4351-4654-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=96-97&rft.pub=Sterling+Publishing+Co.%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-4351-4654-9&rft.aulast=Strudwick&rft.aufirst=Helen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Prevas, <i>Envy of the Gods: Alexander's Ill-fated Journey across Asia</i> (Da Capo Press, 2004), 47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ulrich Wilcken, <i>Alexander the Great</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">N.G.L. Hammond, <i>The Genius of Alexander the Great</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFArrian1976">Arrian 1976</a>, III, 18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFForeman2004">Foreman 2004</a>, hlm. 152</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorkot1996121-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorkot1996121_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorkot1996">Morkot 1996</a>, hlm. 121.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHammond198372–73-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHammond198372–73_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHammond1983">Hammond 1983</a>, hlm. 72–73.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prevas 64–65</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prevas 69</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEArrian1976III,_21,_25-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArrian1976III,_21,_25_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFArrian1976">Arrian 1976</a>, III, 21, 25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prevas 71</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEArrian1976III,_22-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArrian1976III,_22_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFArrian1976">Arrian 1976</a>, III, 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGergel200481-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGergel200481_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGergel2004">Gergel 2004</a>, hlm. 81.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160316211044/http://www.livius.org/aj-al/alexander/alexander10.html">"The end of Persia"</a>. Livius. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.livius.org/aj-al/alexander/alexander10.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 16 Maret 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+end+of+Persia&rft.pub=Livius&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.livius.org%2Faj-al%2Falexander%2Falexander10.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Daftar_pustaka">Daftar pustaka</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darius_III&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Daftar pustaka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darius_III&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Daftar pustaka"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Arrian" class="mw-redirect" title="Arrian">Arrian</a> (1976). de Sélincourt, Aubrey, ed. <i><a href="/wiki/Anabasis_Alexandri" class="mw-redirect" title="Anabasis Alexandri">Anabasis Alexandri (The Campaigns of Alexander)</a></i>. Penguin Books. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-14-044253-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-14-044253-3">978-0-14-044253-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anabasis+Alexandri+%28The+Campaigns+of+Alexander%29&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=978-0-14-044253-3&rft.au=Arrian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Badian" title="Ernst Badian">Badian, Ernst</a> (2000). "Darius III". <i>Harvard Studies in Classical Philology</i>. <b>100</b>: 241–267. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/3185218">3185218</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Harvard+Studies+in+Classical+Philology&rft.atitle=Darius+III&rft.volume=100&rft.pages=241-267&rft.date=2000&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3185218&rft.aulast=Badian&rft.aufirst=Ernst&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:90%; color:#555">(<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pemastian#Akses_ke_sumber" title="Wikipedia:Pemastian">perlu mendaftar</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation encyclopaedia">Badian, Ernst (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iranicaonline.org/articles/sisigambis">"Sisigambis"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition</i>. New York.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sisigambis&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica%2C+online+edition&rft.place=New+York&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Badian&rft.aufirst=Ernst&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Firanicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fsisigambis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Briant, Pierre (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lxQ9W6F1oSYC&q=false"><i>From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire</i></a>. Eisenbrauns. hlm. 1–1196. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9781575061207" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9781575061207">9781575061207</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Cyrus+to+Alexander%3A+A+History+of+the+Persian+Empire&rft.pages=1-1196&rft.pub=Eisenbrauns&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9781575061207&rft.aulast=Briant&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlxQ9W6F1oSYC%26q%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBriant2015" class="citation">Briant, Pierre (2015), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ul_rBQAAQBAJ"><i>Darius in the Shadow of Alexander</i></a>, Harvard University Press, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9780674745209" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9780674745209">9780674745209</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Darius+in+the+Shadow+of+Alexander&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9780674745209&rft.aulast=Briant&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUl_rBQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Dandamaev, Muhammad A. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=ms30qA6nyMsC&pg="><i>A Political History of the Achaemenid Empire</i></a>. Brill. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-9004091726" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-9004091726">978-9004091726</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Political+History+of+the+Achaemenid+Empire&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-9004091726&rft.aulast=Dandamaev&rft.aufirst=Muhammad+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3Dms30qA6nyMsC%26pg%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation encyclopaedia">EIr. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iranicaonline.org/articles/darius-v">"Darius v. Darius III"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, Vol. VI, Fasc. 1</i>. New York. hlm. 51–54.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Darius+v.+Darius+III&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica%2C+online+edition%2C+Vol.+VI%2C+Fasc.+1&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=51-54&rft.date=1994&rft.au=EIr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Firanicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fdarius-v&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Foreman, Laura (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rVEa4nzLkT4C"><i>Alexander the conqueror: the epic story of the warrior king</i></a>. Da Capo Press. hlm. 217. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-306-81293-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-306-81293-4">978-0-306-81293-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alexander+the+conqueror%3A+the+epic+story+of+the+warrior+king&rft.pages=217&rft.pub=Da+Capo+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-306-81293-4&rft.aulast=Foreman&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrVEa4nzLkT4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Gergel, Tania, ed. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/alexandergreatse00gerg"><i>The Brief Life and Towering Exploits of History's Greatest Conqueror as Told By His Original Biographers</i></a>. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-14-200140-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-14-200140-0">978-0-14-200140-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Brief+Life+and+Towering+Exploits+of+History%27s+Greatest+Conqueror+as+Told+By+His+Original+Biographers&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-14-200140-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Falexandergreatse00gerg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/N._G._L._Hammond" class="mw-redirect" title="N. G. L. Hammond">Hammond, NGL</a> (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gay_i14p9oEC"><i>Sources for Alexander the Great</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-521-71471-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-521-71471-6">978-0-521-71471-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sources+for+Alexander+the+Great&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=978-0-521-71471-6&rft.aulast=Hammond&rft.aufirst=NGL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dgay_i14p9oEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Heckel, Waldemar (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FcjLDwAAQBAJ&vq="><i>In the Path of Conquest: Resistance to Alexander the Great</i></a>. Oxford University Press. hlm. 1–336. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9780190076696" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9780190076696">9780190076696</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+the+Path+of+Conquest%3A+Resistance+to+Alexander+the+Great&rft.pages=1-336&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9780190076696&rft.aulast=Heckel&rft.aufirst=Waldemar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFcjLDwAAQBAJ%26vq%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation encyclopaedia">LeCoq, P. (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/arses-greek-rendering-of-an-old-persian-name-used-as-a-hypocoristic">"Arses"</a>. <i>Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, Fasc. 5</i>. hlm. 548.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Arses&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Iranica%2C+Vol.+II%2C+Fasc.+5&rft.pages=548&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=LeCoq&rft.aufirst=P.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Farses-greek-rendering-of-an-old-persian-name-used-as-a-hypocoristic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Morkot, Robert (1996). <i>The Penguin Historical Atlas of Ancient Greece</i>. Penguin.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Penguin+Historical+Atlas+of+Ancient+Greece&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Morkot&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Ring, Trudy; Salkin, Robert M; Berney, KA; Schellinger, Paul E, ed. (1994). <i>International dictionary of historic places</i>. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1994–1996. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-884964-04-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-884964-04-6">978-1-884964-04-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+dictionary+of+historic+places&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=Fitzroy+Dearborn%2C+1994%E2%80%931996&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-1-884964-04-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation encyclopaedia">Schmitt, R. (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/artaxerxes-iii-throne-name-of-ochus-gk">"Artaxerxes III"</a>. <i>Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, Fasc. 6</i>. hlm. 658–659.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Artaxerxes+III&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Iranica%2C+Vol.+II%2C+Fasc.+6&rft.pages=658-659&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Schmitt&rft.aufirst=R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fartaxerxes-iii-throne-name-of-ochus-gk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Waters, Matt (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=__xGAgAAQBAJ&q=false"><i>Ancient Persia: A Concise History of the Achaemenid Empire, 550–330 BCE</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. hlm. 1–272. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9781107652729" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9781107652729">9781107652729</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Persia%3A+A+Concise+History+of+the+Achaemenid+Empire%2C+550%E2%80%93330+BCE&rft.pages=1-272&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781107652729&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D__xGAgAAQBAJ%26q%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ADarius+III" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:95%;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="background: #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Darius III </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/Akhemeniyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Akhemeniyah">Akhemeniyah</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>Lahir:</b> sekitar 380 SM </span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"> <b>Meninggal:</b> 330 SM</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">Didahului oleh:<br /><span style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Artahsasta_IV" title="Artahsasta IV">Artahsasta IV</a></span> </td> <td width="40%" style="text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b><a href="/wiki/Daftar_kepala_monarki_Iran#Akhemeniyah_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar kepala monarki Iran">Raja Diraja Iran</a></b><br />336–330 SM </td> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">Diteruskan oleh:<br /><span style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Agung" title="Aleksander Agung">Aleksander Agung</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Besos" title="Besos">Artahsasta V</a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">Didahului oleh:<br /><span style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Artahsasta_IV" title="Artahsasta IV">Artahsasta IV</a></span> </td> <td width="40%" style="text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b><a href="/wiki/Daftar_penguasa_Mesir_kuno" title="Daftar penguasa Mesir kuno">Firaun Mesir</a></b><br />336–332 SM </td> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">Diteruskan oleh:<br /><span style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Agung" title="Aleksander Agung">Aleksander Agung</a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Darius_III&oldid=25318128">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Darius_III&oldid=25318128</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Daftar_kategori" title="Istimewa:Daftar kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Alexander_Agung" title="Kategori:Alexander Agung">Alexander Agung</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kelahiran_380_SM" title="Kategori:Kelahiran 380 SM">Kelahiran 380 SM</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kematian_330_SM" title="Kategori:Kematian 330 SM">Kematian 330 SM</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Penguasa_monarki_Persia" title="Kategori:Penguasa monarki Persia">Penguasa monarki Persia</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_rujukan_yang_menggunakan_parameter_yang_tidak_didukung" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan rujukan yang menggunakan parameter yang tidak didukung">Halaman dengan rujukan yang menggunakan parameter yang tidak didukung</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_mengandung_aksara_non-Indonesia" title="Kategori:Artikel mengandung aksara non-Indonesia">Artikel mengandung aksara non-Indonesia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_mengandung_aksara_Persia" title="Kategori:Artikel mengandung aksara Persia">Artikel mengandung aksara Persia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_rujukan_atau_sumber_yang_hanya_dapat_diakses_dengan_masuk_log" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan rujukan atau sumber yang hanya dapat diakses dengan masuk log">Halaman dengan rujukan atau sumber yang hanya dapat diakses dengan masuk log</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_GND" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda GND">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda GND</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_ISNI" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda ISNI">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda ISNI</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_VIAF" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda VIAF">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda VIAF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_BNF" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda BNF">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda BNF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_LCCN" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda LCCN">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda LCCN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_NLA" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NLA">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NLA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_NLI" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NLI">Artikel 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