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</audio> <button class="pure-button d_button" style=" display: inline;" type="button" onclick="audf_play_pause()"> 🔊  </button> <script> function audf_play_pause() { var myAudiof = document.getElementById("myAudio_f"); if (myAudiof.paused) { myAudiof.play(); } else { myAudiof.pause(); }} </script></span> </div> </div> </div> <div id="main">  <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pure-menu-scrollable"> <a href="#" class="pure-menu-link pure-menu-heading">▸▸</a> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇬🇧 Hafnium</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇺🇦 Гафній</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇨🇳 鉿</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇳🇱 Hafnium</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇫🇷 Hafnium</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇩🇪 Hafnium</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇮🇱 הפניום</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇮🇹 Afnio</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇯🇵 ハフニウム</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇵🇹 Háfnio</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇪🇸 Hafnio</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇸🇪 Hafnium</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇷🇺 Гафний</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <div class="google_navbar_positioning"> <form action="https://www.google.com" id="cse-search-box"> <div> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="partner-pub-9334432533380510:6223510783"> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="UTF-8"> <input type="text" name="q" size="28"> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search"> </div> </form> <script> </script> </div> </div> </div> <main> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <h1 class="d">Hafnium - <sub><small>72</small></sub>Hf: reactions of elements</h1> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pure-menu-scrollable"> <ul class="pure-menu-list z_menu"> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a href="../hafnium/" class="pure-menu-link">▸▸ Hf Essentials</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../hafnium/physics.html">Physical properties</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../hafnium/atoms.html">Electron shell data</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../hafnium/atom_sizes.html">Atom sizes</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../hafnium/electronegativity.html">Electronegativity</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../hafnium/isotopes.html" >Isotopes and NMR</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../hafnium/crystal_structure.html">Crystal structure</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../hafnium/thermochemistry.html">Thermochemistry</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../hafnium/history.html">History</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../hafnium/uses.html">Uses</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../hafnium/geology.html">Geology</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../hafnium/biology.html">Biology</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../hafnium/compounds.html">Binary compounds</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../hafnium/compound_properties.html" >Compound properties</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../hafnium/chemistry.html">Element reactions</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../hafnium/contents.html">List all Hf properties</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <h2 class="d">Reaction of hafnium with air</h2> <p class="p_first">Hafnium metal is coated with an oxide layer that usually renders it inactive. However hafnium will burn in air if provoked to form hafnium dioxide, HfO<sub>2</sub>. Finely divided hafnium is pyrophoric making it a fire hazard.</p> <p class="equation">Hf(s) + O<sub>2</sub>(g) → HfO<sub>2</sub>(s)</p> <h2 class="d">Reaction of hafnium with water</h2> <p class="p_first">Hafnium does not react with water under normal conditions.</p> <h2 class="d">Reaction of hafnium with the halogens</h2> <p class="p_first">Hafnium does react with the halogens upon warming to form hafnium(IV) halides. So, hafnium reacts with fluorine, F<sub>2</sub>, chlorine, Cl<sub>2</sub>, bromine, Br<sub>2</sub>, and iodine, I<sub>2</sub>, to form respectively hafnium(IV) fluoride, HfF<sub>4</sub>, hafnium(IV) chloride, HfCl<sub>4</sub>, hafnium(IV) bromide, HfBr<sub>4</sub>, and hafnium(IV) iodide, HfI<sub>4</sub>.</p> <p class="equation">Hf(s) + 2F<sub>2</sub>(g) → HfF<sub>4</sub>(s) [white]</p> <p class="equation">Hf(s) + 2Cl<sub>2</sub>(g) → HfCl<sub>4</sub>(l) [white]</p> <p class="equation">Hf(s) + 2Br<sub>2</sub>(g) → HfBr<sub>4</sub>(s) [white]</p> <p class="equation">Hf(s) + 2I<sub>2</sub>(g) → HfI<sub>4</sub>(s) [white]</p> <h2 class="d">Reaction of hafnium with acids</h2> <p class="p_first">Hafnium metal is coated with an oxide layer that usually renders it inactive. Most cold mineral acids have little effect. Hafnium does dissolve in hydrofluoric acid, HF, presumably to form fluoro complexes.</p> <h2 class="d">Reaction of hafnium with bases</h2> <p class="p_first">Hafnium does not appear to react wih alkalis under normal conditions, even when hot.</p> </main> <div id="footer"> <footer> <div class="footer"> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Key properties</li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/eneg_pauling/">Electronegativity </a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/melting_point/">Melting point</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/density/">Density </a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/molar_volume/">Molar volume</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/ionis_energy_1/">Ionization energy (1st)</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/covalent_radius/">Covalent radius</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/metallic_radius/">Metallic radius</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/abund_crust/">Abundance: earth's crust</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Shop</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">Sorry, shop closed</li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Social</li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.facebook.com/webelements.periodic.table">Facebook</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://twitter.com/periodic_table">Twitter</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.pinterest.com/periodictable/">Pinterest</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Administration</li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/your-privacy/" title="Your privacy">Privacy</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/about-webelements/" title="About WebElements">About</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/webelements-and-copyright/" title="Copyright information about WebElements">Copyright</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/acknowledgements/" title="Acknowledgements">Thanks...</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <address> <p> <a href="https://www.webelements.com/"><img class="logo_m" src="../_media/icons/logo_60.png" alt="WebElements home" /></a><br /> <strong>WebElements:</strong> THE periodic table on the WWW [<a href="https://www.webelements.com/">www.webelements.com</a>]<br /> <a href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/webelements-and-copyright/">Copyright </a> 1993-2025 <a href="https://winter.group.shef.ac.uk/">Mark Winter</a> [ <a href="https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/chemistry/">The University of Sheffield </a> and WebElements Ltd, UK]. 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