ESO Timeline

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href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/coude/"> Coudé Auxiliary Telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-372" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/coude/ces/"> CES </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/marly/"> MarLy 1-metre telescope </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/09metre/"> Dutch 0.9-metre telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-375" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/09metre/walraven/"> Walraven Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/t70/"> Swiss T70 telescope </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/bochum/"> Bochum 0.61-metre telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-378" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/bochum/bochum-scanner/"> Bochum Scanner </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/bochum/bochum-photometer/"> Bochum Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/"> Danish 0.5-metre telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-381" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/danish-two-channel-hb-photometer/"> Two-Channel Hβ Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/danish-four-channel-uvby-photometer/"> Four-Channel uvby Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/danish-six-channel-uvby-hb-photometer/"> Six-Channel uvby–Hβ Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/gpo/"> Grand Prisme Objectif telescope </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/swiss04/"> Swiss 0.4-metre telescope </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/marseille/"> Marseille 0.36-metre telescope </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/grb/"> GRB Monitoring System </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mascara/"> MASCARA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/blackgem/"> BlackGEM </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/extra/"> ExTrA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/test-bed/"> Test-Bed Telescope </a></li></ul></li><li 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</a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/instruments/"> Instruments </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li><a href="/public/science/">Discoveries<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1"> <ul id="submenu-aim-424" class="submenu-aim"> <li class=""><a href="/public/science/key-discoveries/"> ESO Key Astronomical Discoveries </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/science/exoplanets/"> Exoplanets </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/science/gravitationalwaves/"> Gravitational Wave Sources </a></li><li class="submenu"><a class="no-link children" href="#"> Black Holes <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-428" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="https://www.eso.org/public/science/event-horizon/"> First image of a black hole </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://www.eso.org/public/science/EHT-MilkyWay/"> First image of the Milky Way central black hole </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://www.eso.org/public/science/gc/"> More about the black hole at the galactic centre </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/public/science/grb/"> Gamma-Ray Bursts </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/science/archive/"> Science Archive </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li><a href="/public/events/">Events<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1"> <ul id="submenu-aim-434" class="submenu-aim"> <li class=""><a href="/public/events/press-evt/"> Press Events </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/events/special-evt/"> Special Events <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa 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<div class="container " id="body"> <div class="row no-page"> <div class="col-md-12"> </div> </div> <div class="row page"> <div class="col-md-12 one-column"> <div id="edit-info-block"> <div id="page-edit-success" class="alert alert-success alert-dismissible" role="alert" style="display: none"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> Page saved successfully </div> <div id="page-edit-failure" class="alert alert-danger alert-dismissible" role="alert" style="display: none"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> Couldn't save page :( Please try again. </div> </div> <div class='page-content'> <div id="editable-content"> <style type="text/css"> div.titleimage-crop { width: auto; height: 253px; overflow: hidden; } div.titleimage-crop img.titleimage { width: 100%; float: left; margin-top: -200px; } #timeline { width: 100%; height: 50px; margin-top: 50px; } ul.idTabs li { margin: 3px; list-style: none; float: left; } ul.idTabs li a { padding: 10px 25px; list-style: none; background-color: #005ba0; color: #FFF; } ul.idTabs li a:hover, ul.idTabs li a.active, ul.idTabs li a.selected { background-color: #2b8ecb; color: #FFF; } ol.timeline { margin: 5px 0; list-style-type: decimal; list-style-position: outside; } ol.timeline li { width: 100%; padding: 5px 0 5px 5px; float: left; } ol.timeline li:hover { background: #EEE; /* background: #2b8ecb; */ } ol.timeline li img { float: right; margin: 5px; } .clear { clear: both; } </style> <script src="/public/archives/app/admin/js/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* idTabs ~ Sean Catchpole - Version 2.2 - MIT/GPL */ (function(){var dep={"jQuery":"http://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.min.js"};var init=function(){(function($){$.fn.idTabs=function(){var s={};for(var i=0;i<arguments.length;++i){var a=arguments[i];switch(a.constructor){case 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ok=true;for(d in dep){if(check(this,d))continue;ok=false;add(dep[d]);}if(ok)return init();add(src);})(); </script> <h1>ESO Timeline</h1> <p>This timeline shows highlights and important events in the history of ESO. One of ESO’s original aims was to allow the Member States to work together to build and operate advanced astronomical facilities that were beyond the capabilities of any individual country. In particular, it would allow European astronomers to access the parts of the sky best visible from the southern hemisphere, such as the centre of the Milky Way, or our neighbouring galaxies, the Magellanic Clouds.</p> <p>An excerpt from the preamble to the ESO Convention of 1962 reads "The Governments of the States parties to this convention [...] desirous of jointly creating an observatory equipped with powerful instruments in the Southern Hemisphere and accordingly promoting and organising co-operation in astronomical research [...]". </p> <div id="timeline" class="usual"> <p><a name="timeline"></a></p> <ul class="idTabs"> <li><a href="#1950" class="">1950</a></li> <li><a href="#1960">1960</a></li> <li><a href="#1970">1970</a></li> <li><a href="#1980">1980</a></li> <li><a href="#1990" class="">1990</a></li> <li><a href="#2000" class="">2000</a></li> <li><a href="#2010" class="selected">2010</a></li> <li><a href="#2020" class="selected">2020</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="1950" style="display: none;"><p><a name="1950"></a></p> <div><div class="titleimage-crop"><img class="titleimage" src="/public/archives/images/screen/vkourganoff-jhoort-hspencer.jpg"></div> <ol class="timeline"> <li><a href="/public/images/vkourganoff-jhoort-hspencer/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/vkourganoff-jhoort-hspencer.jpg" class="timeline-img"></a>21 June 1953 — A shared European Observatory is discussed for the first time by a group of astronomers at Leiden, the Netherlands. Immediately thereafter, the subject was further discussed, also in the Netherlands, at the Groningen conference.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso_statement_26-01-54/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso_statement_26-01-54.jpg" class="timeline-img"></a>26 January 1954 — ESO declaration by leading astronomers from six European countries expressing the wish that a joint European observatory be established in the southern hemisphere.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/africa_site_test2_1955/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/africa_site_test2_1955.jpg" style="float: right;"></a>December 1955 — Site testing begins in South Africa and later in South America, to identify the best location for the ESO observatory.</li> <div class="clear"></div> </ol> </div> </div> <div id="1960" style="display: none;"><p><a name="1960"></a></p> <div><div class="titleimage-crop"><img class="titleimage" src="/public/archives/images/screen/eso0912d.jpg"></div> <ol class="timeline" start="4"> <li>5 October 1962 — Founding Members Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands and Sweden sign the ESO Convention.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>1 November 1962 — Otto Heckmann (1901–1983) becomes the first Director General of ESO, and ESO offices open in the Hamburg-Bergedorf Observatory, where he was Director.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>November 1962 — ESO starts site testing in Chile.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso0912d/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0912d.jpg"></a>6 November 1963 — Chile is chosen as the site for the ESO observatory and the <i>Convenio</i> (also known as the <i>Acuerdo</i>), the agreement between Chile and ESO, is signed.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>15 November 1963 — The decision to build headquarters in Santiago, Chile’s capital is made.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>17 January 1964 — The ESO Convention takes effect following its ratification in by France, Germany, the Netherlands and Sweden (Founding Members, Member States 1–4).</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>5 February 1964 — The ESO Council ratifies the <i>Convenio</i>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>17 April 1964 — The Chilean government ratifies the <i>Convenio</i>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>26 May 1964 — The ESO Council selects the mountain Cinchado Nord — later to become La Silla — as the site of its observatory.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/la/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/la.jpg"></a>30 October 1964 — Acquisition of La Silla Mountain and land for the Chile headquarters in Vitacura.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>March 1965 — ESO acquires the Guesthouse in Las Condes.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/lso_east-oct1966/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/lso_east-oct1966.jpg"></a>March 1965 — Construction of the La Silla Observatory begins.</li> <li><a href="/public/images/ehpa-lasilla-inag-road-1965/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ehpa-lasilla-inag-road-1965.jpg"></a>24 March 1966 — Dedication ceremony for the road to the summit of La Silla.</li> <li>30 November 1966 — First light for the ESO 1-metre Telescope at La Silla, the first telescope to be used by ESO in Chile.</li> <li><a href="/public/images/lso-eso-1-m/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/lso-eso-1-m.jpg"></a>November 1966 — First light of the mid-infrared Kapteyn photometer on the ESO 1-metre Telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/ehpa-5-vit-constr/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ehpa-5-vit-constr.jpg"></a>January 1967 — Construction of ESO Headquarters in Santiago’s Vitacura district, Chile begins.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/1m-telescope/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/1m-telescope.jpg"></a>May 1967 — First light of the near-infrared photometer on the ESO 1-metre Telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>24 August 1967 — Denmark formally joins ESO (Member State 6).</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>2 October 1967 — Belgium formally joins ESO (Founding Member, Member State 5).</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/ehpa-grand-prism-firstlight/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ehpa-grand-prism-firstlight.jpg"></a>July 1968 — First light for the Grand Prisme Objectif Telescope at La Silla, the first telescope ever used by ESO (used in the South Africa tests campaign).</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso9905a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso9905a.jpg"></a>July 1968 — First light for the ESO 1.52-metre Telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/lso-bochum/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/lso-bochum.jpg"></a>7 September 1968 — First light for the Bochum 0.6-metre Telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>December 1968 — ESO helps found the journal <i>Astronomy and Astrophysics</i>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/danish-teles/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/danish-teles.jpg"></a>February 1969 — First light for the Danish 0.5-metre Telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/lso_inauguration_03-69_2/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/lso_inauguration_03-69_2.jpg"></a>25 March 1969 — Inauguration of the ESO site at La Silla by the President of the Republic of Chile, Eduardo Frei Montalva, and of the ESO Chile headquarters in Santiago’s Vitacura district.</li> <div class="clear"></div> </ol> </div> </div> <div id="1970" style="display: none;"><p><a name="1970"></a></p> <div class="titleimage-crop"><img class="titleimage" src="/public/archives/images/screen/90cm-dutch-telescope.jpg"></div> <ol start="29" class="timeline"> <li><a href="/public/images/a_blaauw-bookbacktitle/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/a_blaauw-bookbacktitle.jpg"></a>1 January 1970 — Adriaan Blaauw (1914–2010) takes over as Director General of ESO.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>16 September 1970 — ESO signs an agreement with CERN to collaborate in the realisation of the ESO 3.6-metre Telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/ehpa-eso-telesc-dept-cern/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ehpa-eso-telesc-dept-cern.jpg"></a>October 1970 — ESO’s Telescope Division moves into offices on the CERN premises in Geneva.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/lso-eso-0/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/lso-eso-0.jpg"></a>December 1971 — First light for the ESO 0.5-metre Telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/lso_schmidt_telescope/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/lso_schmidt_telescope.jpg"></a>21 December 1971 — First light for the ESO 1-metre Schmidt Telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>May 1974 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.1-may74/messenger-no1-1-2.pdf">The first edition of the <i>Messenger</i>, ESO’s quarterly in-house magazine, is published by ESO</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>1 January1975 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.3-mar75/messenger-no3-1-1.pdf">Lodewijk Woltjer (1930– ) takes over as Director General of ESO</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>10 November 1975 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.6-sep76/messenger-no6-3-4.pdf" target="_blank">First Light of the Swiss 0.4-m Telescope</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>2 December 1975 — The ESO Council approves Garching bei München, Germany, as the new <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.4-mar76/messenger-no4-1-1.pdf">home for ESO’s Headquarters</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/360cm-telescope-firstlight/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/360cm-telescope-firstlight.jpg"></a>7 November 1976 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.7-dec76/messenger-no7-2-3.pdf">First light for the ESO 3.6-metre Telescope</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>1978 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.22-dec80/messenger-no22-7-10.pdf" target="_blank">Completion of the Quick Blue Survey done with the 1-m Schmidt Telescope</a>.</li> <li>2 October 1978 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.15-dec78/messenger-no15-25-25.pdf">Construction of the new ESO Headquarters in Garching begins</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/esopia00052teles/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/esopia00052teles.jpg"></a>20 November 1978 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.16-mar79/messenger-no16-1-3.pdf">First light for the Danish 1.5-metre Telescope</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>31 January 1979 — An agreement is signed between ESO and the German government for the new ESO Headquarters.</li> <li><a href="/public/images/90cm-dutch-telescope/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/90cm-dutch-telescope.jpg"></a>March 1979 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.19-dec79/messenger-no19-1-4.pdf">First light for the Dutch 0.9-metre Telescope</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> </ol> </div> <div id="1980" style="display: none;"><p><a name="1980"></a></p> <div><div class="titleimage-crop"><img class="titleimage" src="/public/archives/images/screen/eso_hq_hdr.jpg"></div> <ol class="timeline" start="44"> <li>Summer 1980 — First Light for the Swiss T70 Telescope</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/ehpa-lasilla-ir-instr/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ehpa-lasilla-ir-instr.jpg"></a>December 1980 — First light of the infrared photometer/spectrophotometer on the ESO 3.6-metre Telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso8710a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso8710a.jpg"></a>5 May 1981 — First light of the 1.4-metre Coudé Auxiliary Telescope (CAT), and its Coudé Echelle Spectrometer (CES).</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso_hq_hdr/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso_hq_hdr.jpg"></a>5 May 1981 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.24-jun81/messenger-no24-1-4.pdf">Inauguration of the new ESO Headquarters in Garching, Germany.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>1 March 1982 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.27-mar82/messenger-no27-1-1.pdf">Switzerland formally joins ESO</a> (Member State 7).</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>24 May 1982 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.28-jun82/messenger-no28-1-1.pdf">Italy formally joins ESO</a> (Member State 8).</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/ehpa-ir-instr-1m-telesc/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ehpa-ir-instr-1m-telesc.jpg"></a>June 1982 — First light of the infrared photometer/spectrophotometer on the ESO 1-metre Telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>June 1983 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.33-sep83/messenger-no33-2-5.pdf">First Light of the Cassegrain Echelle Spectrograph (CASPEC)</a> at the ESO 3.6-metre Telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/esopia00046teles/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/esopia00046teles.jpg"></a>22 June 1983 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.34-dec83/messenger-no34-15-16.pdf">First light for the MPG/ESO 2.2-metre Telescope</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>1 March 1984 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.36-jun84/messenger-no36-1-2.pdf">The Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility — the European home for Hubble — opens within ESO</a> as a collaboration with the European Space Agency.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>June 1984 — The first tests for remote-controlling a telescope are carried out on the 2.2-metre Telescope.</li> <li>September 1984 — First light of the Lyon Specklegraph on the ESO 3.6-metre Telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>November 1984 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.39-mar85/messenger-no39-1-3.pdf">First light of the F/35 chopping secondary system and the infrared photometers on the ESO 3.6-metre Telescope.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/ir-instr-decomm/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ir-instr-decomm.jpg"></a>November 1985 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.42-dec85/messenger-no42-25-25.pdf">First light of IRSPEC on the ESO 3.6-metre Telescope.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>March 1987 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.48-jun87/messenger-no48-50-51.pdf">First light of the F/35 photometers on the MPG/ESO 2.2-metre Telescope</a> (with the Max-Planck Institute of Astronomy, MPIA).</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/esopia00050teles/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/esopia00050teles.jpg"></a>24 March 1987 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.48-jun87/messenger-no48-2-6.pdf">First light for the 15-metre Swedish–ESO Submillimetre Telescope (SEST)</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/council87/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/council87.jpg"></a>8 December 1987 — <a href="/public/news/eso8717/">Decision is taken by the ESO Council to build the Very Large Telescope (VLT).</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/ehpa-h-van-der-laan-dg/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ehpa-h-van-der-laan-dg.jpg"></a>1 January 1988 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.50-dec87/messenger-no50-1-3.pdf">Harry van der Laan (1936– ) takes over as Director General of ESO.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso_ir-instrumentation-2298/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso_ir-instrumentation-2298.jpg"></a>July 1988 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.54-dec88/messenger-no54-56-58.pdf">First light of IRAC on the MPG/ESO 2.2-metre Telescope.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>October 1988 — The Chilean Government donates the land around Cerro Paranal to ESO.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>23 March 1989 — <a href="/public/news/eso8903/">First light of the New Technology Telescope (NTT).</a></li> <li><a href="/public/images/eso0912b/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0912b.jpg"></a>11 May 1989 — <a href="/public/news/eso8904/">First light of the second ESO Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera (EFOSC2) instrument on the NTT.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> </ol> </div> </div> <div id="1990" style="display: none;"><p><a name="1990"></a></p> <div><div class="titleimage-crop"><img class="titleimage" src="/public/archives/images/screen/paranal-91.jpg"></div> <ol start="66" class="timeline"> <li>16 April 1990 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.60-jun90/messenger-no60-9-12.pdf">First light of the COME-ON instrument on the ESO 3.6-metre Telescope.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/emmiopen/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/emmiopen.jpg"></a>June 1990 — First Light of the ESO Multi-Mode Instrument (EMMI) on the NTT.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/paranal-91/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/paranal-91.jpg"></a>4 December 1990 — <a href="/public/news/eso9015/">Paranal is selected by ESO as the site for the VLT. </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>23 September 1991 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.66-dec91/messenger-no66-4-5.pdf">Construction of the Paranal Observatory begins with the levelling of the mountain.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>30 May 1992 — First light of the IRAC2 instrument on the MPG/ESO 2.2-metre Telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>21 July 1992 — First light of the Thermal Infrared MultiMode Instrument (TIMMI) on the ESO 3.6-metre Telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>15 December 1992 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.71-mar93/messenger-no71-50-52.pdf">First light of the COME-ON+ instrument on the ESO 3.6-metre Telescope.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/dg-ricardo_giacconi-cc/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/dg-ricardo_giacconi-cc.jpg"></a>1 January 1993 — <a href="/public/news/eso9208/">Riccardo Giacconi (1931– ) takes over as Director General of ESO.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/esopia00021sites/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/esopia00021sites.jpg"></a>April 1995 — Site testing for the future Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) takes place in Chile together with National Radio Astronomy Observatory and National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>18 April 1995 — <a href="/public/news/eso9505/">Amendment to the <i>Convenio</i> between the Chilean Government and ESO is signed</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>Summer 1996  — First Light for the Marly 1-metre Telescope</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/chile-sign-agreement-vlt/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/chile-sign-agreement-vlt.jpg"></a>5 September 1996 — <a href="/public/news/eso9636/">The Chilean Senate ratifies the Amendment to the <i>Convenio</i> with ESO.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>4 December 1996 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.87-mar97/messenger-no87.pdf">Paranal Foundation Ceremony.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso9805g/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso9805g.jpg"></a>6 December 1997 — <a href="/public/news/eso9805/">First light for the Son OF ISAAC instrument (SOFI) on the NTT.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>11 February 1998 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.91-mar98/messenger-no91-14-15.pdf">First light for the second Superb-Seeing Imager (SuSI2) on the NTT.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/lso-swiss/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/lso-swiss.jpg"></a>12 April 1998 — First light for the <a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/swiss/">Swiss 1.2-metre Leonhard Euler Telescope</a> at La Silla.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso9822a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso9822a.jpg"></a>25 May 1998 — <a href="/public/news/eso9820/">First light for the VLT’s first Unit Telescope (UT1), Antu.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso9845/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso9845d.jpg"></a>15 September 1998 — <a href="/public/news/eso9845/">First light for the first visual and near UV FOcal Reducer and the low dispersion Spectrograph (FORS1) on the VLT’s UT1</a>, Antu. </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>6 October 1998 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.95-mar99/messenger-no95-8-12.pdf">First light of the Fibre-fed Extended Range Optical Spectrograph (FEROS)</a> on the ESO 1.52-metre Telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso-paranal-16/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso-paranal-16.jpg"></a>16 November 1998 — <a href="/public/news/eso9856/">First light of the Infrared Spectrometer And Array Camera (ISAAC) instrument on VLT UT1</a>, Antu. </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso9861/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso9861a.jpg"></a>15 December 1998 — Two independent research teams, with work partly based on observations of exploding stars with astronomical telescopes at La Silla, show that <a href="/public/news/eso9861/">the expansion of the Universe is accelerating</a>. <a href="/public/announcements/ann11069/">The 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics</a> was awarded for this result.<br> </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/esopia00047teles/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/esopia00047teles.jpg"></a>15 January 1999 — <a href="/public/news/eso9903/">First light with the 67-million-pixel Wide Field Imager (WFI) camera on the MPG/ESO 2.2-metre Telescope. </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso0021ac/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0021ac.jpg"></a>1 March 1999 — <a href="/public/news/eso9921/">First light for the VLT’s second Unit Telescope (UT2), Kueyen.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>5 March 1999 — <a href="/public/news/eso9921/">Official inauguration of Paranal Observatory.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>June 1999 — Chajnantor in the Atacama Desert in Chile is endorsed by ESO Council as the site for ALMA.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso9901/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0516a.jpg"></a>1 September 1999 — <a href="/public/news/eso9901/">Catherine Cesarsky (1943– ) takes over as Director General of ESO. </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso9951e/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso9951e.jpg"></a>27 September 1999 — <a href="/public/news/eso9944/">First light for the Ultraviolet Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES)</a> on the VLT’s UT2, Kueyen.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso9948a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso9948a.jpg"></a>29 October 1999 — <a href="/public/news/eso9948/">First light for the second visual and near-UV FOcal Reducer and low dispersion Spectrograph (FORS2)</a> at VLT’s UT2, Kueyen.</li> <div class="clear"></div> </ol> </div> </div> <div id="2000" style="display: none;"><p><a name="2000"></a></p> <div><div class="titleimage-crop"><img class="titleimage" style="margin-top:-150px" src="/public/archives/images/screen/eso0111f.jpg"></div> <ol class="timeline" start="94"> <li><a href="/public/images/paranal-3vlts-mar200/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/paranal-3vlts-mar200.jpg"></a>26 January 2000 — <a href="/public/news/eso0004/">First light for the VLT’s third Unit Telescope (UT3), Melipal.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0022/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0022a.jpg"></a>27 June 2000 — <a href="/public/news/eso0022/">Portugal signs the Accession Agreement. </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso0028b/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0028b.jpg"></a>4 September 2000 — <a href="/public/news/eso0028/">First light for the VLT’s fourth Unit Telescope (UT4), Yepun.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso0113e/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0113e.jpg"></a>11 October 2000 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/detectors/controllers/irace/instruments/docs/timmi2.pdf">First light of the second Thermal Infrared MultiMode Instrument (TIMMI2)</a> on the ESO 3.6-metre telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso0111f/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0111f.jpg"></a>17 March 2001 — <a href="/public/news/eso0111/">First light for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI).</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso0115a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0115a.jpg"></a>5 April 2001 — <a href="/public/news/eso0115/">Representatives from ESO, Japan, and North America sign a resolution affirming their mutual intent to construct and operate ALMA.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>7 May 2001 — Portugal formally joins ESO (Member State 9).</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso0137b/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0137b.jpg"></a>25 November 2001 — <a href="/public/news/eso0137/">First light for the combined NAOS–CONICA instrument (NACO)</a> on the VLT’s UT4 Yepun.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0209/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0209a.jpg"></a>26 February 2002 — <a href="/public/news/eso0209/">First light of the VIsible Multi-Object Spectrograph (VIMOS)</a> on the VLT’s UT3, Melipal. </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/flames_close2/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/flames_close2.jpg"></a>1 April 2002 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.110-dec02/messenger-no110-1-9.pdf">First light of the Fibre Large Array Multi Element Spectrograph (FLAMES)</a> on the VLT’s UT2, Kueyen.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>21 May 2002 — The United Kingdom signs the Accession Agreement.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>24 June 2002 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.108-jul02/messenger-no108-1-1.pdf">The United Kingdom formally joins ESO</a> (Member State 10). See the ESO Press Release <a href="/public/news/eso0218/">eso0218</a> or the related <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.108-jul02/messenger-no108-1-1.pdf">Messenger article</a>.<br> </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>24 October 2002 — First light of the Fibre-fed Extended Range Optical Spectrograph (FEROS) on the MPG/ESO 2.2-metre telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/midi_v2_dec2004/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/midi_v2_dec2004.jpg"></a>15 December 2002 — <a href="/public/news/eso0236/">First light of the MID-infrared Interferometric instrument (MIDI)</a> on the VLTI.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0308/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0308a.jpg"></a>11 February 2003 — <a href="/public/news/eso0308/">First light of the High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS)</a> at ESO’s 3.6-metre telescope at the La Silla Observatory.<br> </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso0306a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0306a.jpg"></a>25 February 2003 — <a href="/public/news/eso0306/">ESO and the US National Science Foundation (NSF) sign a bilateral agreement to construct and operate ALMA.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso0313a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0313a.jpg"></a>18 April 2003 — <a href="/public/news/eso0313/">First light of the MACAO–VLTI facility.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/esopia-rem-8309/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/esopia-rem-8309.jpg"></a>24 June 2003 — <a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/rem/">The 0.6-metre Rapid Eye Mount (REM) telescope starts operations at La Silla. </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>25 July 2003 — The Republic of Chile granted free concession of the land on Chajnantor for the execution of the ALMA project .</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>6 November 2003 — <a href="/public/news/eso0334/">Ground-breaking ceremony at the 5000-m altitude ALMA site</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/at1/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/at1.jpg"></a>24 January 2004 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.115-mar04/messenger-no115-15-17.pdf">First light for the first Auxiliary Telescope (AT1). </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>9 February 2004 — <a href="/public/news/eso0403/">Finland signs the Accession Agreement.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>21 March 2004 — <a href="/public/news/eso0410/">First fringes of the Astronomical Multi-BEam combineR (AMBER)</a> on the VLTI.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0411/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0411b.jpg"></a>6 April 2004 — After more than 1000 nights of observations at La Silla, spread over 15 years, astronomers <a href="/public/news/eso0411/">determine the motions of more than 14 000 solar-like stars</a> residing in the neighbourhood of the Sun, showing that our home galaxy has led a much more turbulent and chaotic life than previously assumed. <br> </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>30 April 2004 — <a href="/public/news/eso0417/">First light for the VLT Imager and Spectrometer in the InfraRed (VISIR)</a> on the VLT’s UT3, Melipal.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/phot-03-04/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/phot-03-04.jpg"></a>7 July 2004 — <a href="/public/news/eso0423/">Finland formally joins ESO</a> (Member State 11). </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0426/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0426e.jpg"></a>9 July 2004 — <a href="/public/news/eso0426/">First light for the Spectrograph for INtegral Field Observation in the Near-Infrared (SINFONI)</a> on the VLT’s UT4, Yepun.<br> </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0425/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0425a.jpg"></a>17 August 2004 — Using the VLT, astronomers measure the age of the oldest star known in the Milky Way: 13.2 billion years old. Read more in ESO Press Release <a href="/public/news/eso0425/">eso0425 </a>and in the ESO Press Release <a href="/public/news/eso0106/">eso0106</a>.<br> </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0428/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0428a.jpg"></a>10 September 2004 — The VLT obtains the <a href="/public/news/eso0428/">first-ever image of a planet outside the Solar System</a>.<br> </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>14 September 2004 — <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121006004516/http://alma.mtk.nao.ac.jp/e/news/pressrelease/2004092403.html">Agreement signed between ESO, the US National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Japan, for the joint construction of the enhanced ALMA.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/vlt-at-2005-cc/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/vlt-at-2005-cc.jpg"></a>2 February 2005 — First light for the second Auxiliary Telescope (AT2). </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0522/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0522a.jpg"></a>14 July 2005 — <a href="/public/news/eso0522/">First light for the submillimetre Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX). </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0533/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0533a.jpg"></a>6 October 2005 — ESO telescopes provide definitive proof that long gamma-ray bursts are linked with the ultimate explosions of massive stars, solving a long-standing puzzle. Read more in the ESO Press Release <a href="/public/news/eso0318/">eso0318 </a>, ESO Press Release <a href="/public/news/eso0533/">eso0533</a> and in ESO Press Release <a href="/public/news/eso0633/">eso0633</a>.<br> </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>1 November 2005 — First light for the third Auxiliary Telescope (AT3).</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>7 December 2005 — <a href="/public/news/eso0540/">ESO signs the European contract for the production of up to 32 ALMA antennas.</a> This is the largest ever contract for industrial work on a ground-based astronomy project.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>28 January 2006 — <a href="/public/news/eso0607/">First light of the VLT laser guide star</a>, on the VLT’s UT4, Yepun.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>28 February 2006 — Decision to host the ALMA Santiago Central Office at ESO Vitacura.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/crires-4593/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/crires-4593.jpg"></a>4 June 2006 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.124-jun06/messenger-no124-2-4.pdf">First light for the CRyogenic high-resolution InfraRed Echelle Spectrograph (CRIRES)</a> at VLT’s UT1. </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>15 September 2006 — <a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/tarot/">The robotic TAROT–South Telescope starts work at La Silla.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0646/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0646a.jpg"></a>11 December 2006 — The <a href="/public/news/eso0646/">ESO Council agrees to proceed with studies for the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT). </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso-p-sunset-lv/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso-p-sunset-lv.jpg"></a>15 December 2006 — <a href="/public/news/eso0651/">First light for the fourth Auxiliary Telescope (AT4). </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>22 December 2006 — <a href="/public/news/eso0652/">Czechia signs the Accession Agreement.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso0605a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0605a.jpg"></a>29 December 2006 — <a href="/public/news/eso0605/">Spain signs the Accession Agreement. </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>14 February 2007 — Spain formally joins ESO (Member State 12).</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/mad-7917/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/mad-7917.jpg"></a>25 March 2007 — <a href="/public/news/eso0719/">First light for the Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics Demonstrator (MAD)</a> at the visitor focus of Melipal. </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>30 April 2007 — <a href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.128-jun07/messenger-no128-2-2.pdf">Czechia formally joins ESO</a> (Member State 13).</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>6 July 2007 — <a href="/public/news/eso0730/">First light of the Gamma-ray burst Optical/Near-infrared Detector (GROND)</a> on the MPG/ESO 2.2-metre Telescope.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso0735a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0735a.jpg"></a>5 August 2007 — <a href="/public/news/eso0735/">First light for the LArge BOlometer CAmera (LABOCA)</a> instrument on APEX. </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>22 August 2007 — <a href="/public/news/eso0736/">First light for the High Acuity, Wide field K-band Imaging (HAWK-I) instrument</a> on the VLT’s UT4, Yepun.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/esopia00077peopl/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/esopia00077peopl.jpg"></a>1 September 2007 — <a href="/public/news/eso0738/">Tim de Zeeuw (1956 –) takes over as Director General of ESO. </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0838/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0838b.jpg"></a>March 2008 — <a href="/public/news/eso0838/">Filming of scenes from the 22nd James Bond movie Quantum of Solace at ESO’s Paranal Observatory. </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0813/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0813a.jpg"></a>13 May 2008 — The VLT detects carbon monoxide molecules in a galaxy located almost 11 billion light-years away for the first time, allowing astronomers to obtain <a href="/public/news/eso0813/">the most precise measurement of the cosmic temperature</a> at such a remote epoch.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0820/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0820a.jpg"></a>30 June 2008 — <a href="/public/news/eso0820/">Austria signs the Accession Agreement. </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>8 September 2008 — <a href="/public/news/eso0829/">First light for the Phase Referenced Imaging and Microarcsecond Astrometry (PRIMA) instrument</a> on the VLTI.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/apex-mar2009-0486/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/apex-mar2009-0486.jpg"></a>6 October 2008 — First light for the Submillimetre APEX Bolometer Camera (SABOCA) instrument on <a href="/public/teles-instr/apex.html">APEX</a>. </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/paranal-vlt_x/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/paranal-vlt_x.jpg"></a>9 November 2008 — <a href="/public/news/eso0920/">First light for X-shooter</a> on the VLT. </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0841/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0841a.jpg"></a>18 November 2008 — The VLT and APEX team up to study <a href="/public/news/eso0841/">the violent flares from the supermassive black hole</a> at the centre of the Milky Way, revealing material being stretched out as it orbits in the intense gravity close to the central black hole.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0846/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0846a.jpg"></a>10 December 2008 — Several of ESO's flagship telescopes were used in a 16-year long study to obtain the most detailed view ever of the surroundings of the monster lurking at the heart of our galaxy — a supermassive black hole. Read more in the <a href="/public/news/eso0226/">ESO Press Release eso0226</a>, <a href="/public/news/eso0846/">eso0846</a>, <a href="/public/news/eso1151/">eso1151</a>, <a href="/public/news/eso1332/">eso1332</a> and <a href="/public/news/eso1512/">eso1512</a>. The <a href="http://www.crafoordprize.se/press/arkivpressreleases/thecrafoordprizeinmathematics2012andthecrafoordprizeinastronomy2012.5.6018c17913483dc064280001363.html">Crafoord Prize in Astronomy 2012</a> was awarded for this result.<br><br> </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>18 December 2008 — <a href="/public/news/eso0849/">The ALMA Observatory is equipped with its first antenna.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>30 April 2009 — The contract for the ALMA headquarters<a href="/public/announcements/ann1083/"> </a>building in Santiago, the Santiago Central Office, is awarded.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>1 July 2009 — Austria formally joins ESO (Member State 14).</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>6 July 2009 — <a href="/public/images/alma_excavation/">Start of construction of the new ALMA headquarters in Santiago’s Vitacura district.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0935/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0935a.jpg"></a>17 Sep 2009 — <a href="/public/news/eso0935/">First ALMA antenna arrives at 5000-metre-altitude Chajnantor site. </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso1001/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1001a.jpg"></a>25 November 2009 — <a href="/public/news/eso1001/">First three ALMA antennas are successfully linked (phase closure) at 5000-</a><a href="/public/news/eso1001/">metre-altitude Chajnantor site. </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso0949/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0949a.jpg"></a>11 December 2009 — <a href="/public/news/eso0949/">VISTA, the pioneering new survey telescope, starts work. </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> </ol> </div> </div> <div id="2010" style="display: block;"><p><a name="2010"></a></p> <div><div class="titleimage-crop"><img class="titleimage" style="margin-top:-50px" src="/public/archives/images/screen/eso1018a.jpg"></div> <ol class="timeline" start="159"> <li><a href="/public/news/eso1002/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1002a.jpg"></a>13 January 2010 — <a href="/public/news/eso1002/">The first direct spectrum of an exoplanet is observed with the VLT.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso1018/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1018a.jpg"></a>26 April 2010 — <a href="/public/news/eso1018/">Cerro Armazones is chosen as site for the ELT.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1023b/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1023b.jpg"></a>8 June 2010 — <a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/trappist/">First light of the TRAPPIST telescope at La Silla.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso1035/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1035a.jpg"></a>24 August 2010 — Astronomers using HARPS discover <a href="/public/news/eso1035/">the richest planetary system so far</a>, containing at least five planets around the Sun-like star HD 10180. </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/announcements/ann1083/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ann1083a.jpg"></a>5 November 2010 — <a href="/public/announcements/ann1083/">ALMA’s Santiago Central Office (SCO), built for the ALMA project by ESO, is handed over. <br> </a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso1047/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1047a.jpg"></a>1 December 2010 — The first direct measurements of the spectra of exoplanets and their atmospheres are made with the VLT. Read more in the ESO Press Release <a href="/public/news/eso1047/">eso1047 </a>and in the ESO Press Release <a href="/public/news/eso1002/">eso1002</a>.<br> </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1050a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1050a.jpg"></a>29 December 2010 — <a href="/public/news/eso1050/">Brazil signs the Accession Agreement</a> to become member of ESO.<br> </li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>20 April 2011 — The <a href="/public/announcements/ann11021/">light from all four VLT Unit Telescopes is combined for the first time. </a><a href="/public/announcements/ann11021/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/vlt-jfs_4850.jpg"></a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>8 June 2011 — <a href="/public/news/eso1119/">First images from the VLT Survey Telescope.</a><a href="/public/news/eso1119/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1119a.jpg"></a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>27 July 2011 — <a href="/public/news/eso1127/">The first European ALMA antenna arrives at Chajnantor.</a><a href="/public/news/eso1127/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1127a.jpg"></a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>24 August 2011 — <a href="/public/images/potw1135a/">The first 7-metre ALMA antenna arrives at Chajnantor.<img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/potw1135a.jpg"></a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li>30 September 2011 — <a href="/public/news/eso1137/">ALMA starts Early Science</a> and first image is published. <a href="/public/images/eso1137a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1137a.jpg"></a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1139a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1139a.jpg"></a>13 October 2011 — <a href="/public/news/eso1139/">ESO and Chile sign an agreement on the land for the ELT.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div>  <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1225a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1225a.jpg"></a>11 June 2012 — <a href="/public/news/eso1225/">ELT Programme approved</a> by ESO Council.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/ann12044a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ann12044a.jpg"></a>11 June 2012 — <a href="/public/announcements/ann12044/">Foundation stone laying ceremony</a> for ESO Headquarters extension building.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1238a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1238a.jpg"></a>5 October 2012 — <a href="/public/news/eso1238/">ESO Celebrates 50th Anniversary</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1251a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1251a.jpg"></a>12 December 2012 — <a href="/public/news/eso1251/">KMOS instrument achieves first light on VLT UT1</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1312a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1312a.jpg"></a>13 March 2013 — <a href="/public/news/eso1312/">ALMA Observatory inaugurated</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1346a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1346a.jpg"></a>6 November 2013 — <a href="/public/news/eso1346/">ESO Celebrates 50 Years of Collaboration with Chile</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1350a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1350a.jpg"></a>5 December 2013 — <a href="/public/news/eso1350/">Extension to ESO Headquarters in Garching, Germany inaugurated</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1407a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1407a.jpg"></a>5 March 2014 — <a href="/public/news/eso1407/">MUSE instrument achieves first light on VLT UT4</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1417a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1417a.jpg"></a>4 June 2014 — <a href="/public/news/eso1417/">SPHERE instrument achieves first light on VLT UT3</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1419a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1419a.jpg"></a>19 June 2014 — <a href="/public/news/eso1419/">Groundbreaking ceremony for the European Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) takes place at Paranal Observatory</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1433a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1433a.jpg"></a>28 October 2014 — <a href="/public/news/eso1433/">Poland to Join the European Southern Observatory.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1436a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1436a.jpg"></a>6 November 2014 — <a href="/public/news/eso1436/">Revolutionary ALMA image reveals planetary genesis.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1440a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1440a.jpg"></a>4 December 2014 — <a href="/public/news/eso1440/">Green Light for ELT Construction.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1502a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1502a.jpg"></a>14 January 2015 — <a href="/public/news/eso1502/">Next-Generation Transit Survey (NGTS) facility achieves first light</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/announcements/ann15060/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ann15060a.jpg"></a>5 August 2015 — <a href="/public/announcements/ann15060/">Poland ratifies ESO membership and becomes the fifteenth Member State.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1601a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1601a.jpg"></a>13 January 2016 — <a href="/public/news/eso1601/">GRAVITY achieves first light on VLTI</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1613a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1613a.jpg"></a>27 April 2016 — <a href="/public/news/eso1613/">First Light for the Four Laser Guide Star Facility (4LGSF)</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1617a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1617a.jpg"></a>25 May 2016 — <a href="/public/news/eso1617/">ESO Signs Largest Ever Ground-based Astronomy Contract for ELT Dome and Telescope Structure</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1629a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1629a.jpg"></a>24 August 2016 — <a href="/public/news/eso1629/">Pale Red Dot project reveals Earth-mass world in orbit around Proxima Centauri</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1706a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1706a.jpg"></a>22 February 2017 — <a href="/public/news/eso1706/">Temperate Earth-sized Worlds Found in Extraordinarily Rich Planetary System</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1713a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1713a.jpg"></a>25 April 2017 — <a href="/public/news/eso1713/">ALMA Residencia Handed Over</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1722a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1722a.jpg"></a>19 July 2017 — <a href="/public/news/eso1722/">First Light for the MASCARA telescope</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1739a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1739a.jpg"></a>6 December 2017 — <a href="/public/news/eso1739/">First Light for the ESPRESSO instrument</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1803a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1803a.jpg"></a>24 January 2018 — <a href="/public/news/eso1803/">First Light for the ExTrA telescope</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1806a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1806a.jpg"></a>13 February 2018 — <a href="/public/news/eso1806/">The VLT Works as 16-metre Telescope for First Time</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/2018_04_17_es_moon-venus_4-cc/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/2018_04_17_es_moon-venus_4-cc.jpg"></a>26 April 2018 — <a href="/public/news/eso1813/">The ESO Supernova opens</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1831a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1831a.jpg"></a>26 September 2018 — <a href="/public/news/eso1831/">Ireland signs the Accession Agreement to become member of ESO</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1839a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1839a.jpg"></a>5 December 2018 — <a href="/public/news/eso1839/">First Light for SPECULOOS</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1841a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1841a.jpg"></a>20 December 2018 — <a href="/public/news/eso1841/">ESO Signs Contract to Host Cherenkov Telescope Array-South at Paranal</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1907a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1907a.jpg"></a>10 April 2019 — <a href="/public/news/eso1907/">Astronomers Capture First Image of a Black Hole</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/images/eso1912a/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso1912a.jpg"></a>3 July 2019 — <a href="/public/news/eso1912/">La Silla’s 50th anniversary and Total Solar Eclipse</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/announcements/ann19047/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ann19047a.jpg"></a>27 September 2019 — <a href="/public/announcements/ann19047/">Construction of the ELT Dome Foundations Begins</a>.</li> <div class="clear"></div> </ol> </div> </div> <div id="2020" style="display: block;"><p><a name="2020"></a></p> <div><div class="titleimage-crop"><img class="titleimage" style="margin-top:-300px" src="/public/archives/images/screen/eso2208-eht-mwa.jpg"></div> <ol class="timeline" start="204"> <li><a href="/public/announcements/ann20008/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ann20008a.jpg"></a>11 February 2020 — <a href="/public/announcements/ann20008/">ESO signs agreement with UN Women.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso2017/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso0846a.jpg"></a>6 October 2020 — <a href="/public/news/eso2017/">2020 Nobel Prize in Physics awarded for research with ESO telescopes on Milky Way's supermassive black hole.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/announcements/ann20034/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ELT4k-4-comp-Open.jpg"></a>4 December 2020 — <a href="/public/announcements/ann20034/">Funding boost for ESO’s Extremely Large Telescope.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/announcements/ann21003/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ann21003a.jpg"></a>1 February 2021 — <a href="/public/announcements/ann21003/">CRIRES+ sees first light.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso2107/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso2107a.jpg"></a>27 April 2021 — <a href="/public/news/eso2107/">Test-Bed Telescope 2: New telescope at ESO’s La Silla joins effort to protect Earth from risky asteroids.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/announcements/ann21010/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ann21010a.jpg"></a>6 July 2021 — <a href="/public/announcements/ann21010/">First light for CONCERTO.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/announcements/ann21013/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/beletsky_alma_15-cc2.jpg"></a>1 October 2021 — <a href="/public/announcements/ann21013/">ALMA celebrates 10 years of science.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/announcements/ann21015/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso-paranal-33.jpg"></a>29 October 2021 — <a href="/public/announcements/ann21015/">20 years of the VLTI.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/announcements/ann21016/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ann21016a.jpg"></a>12 November 2021 — <a href="/public/announcements/ann21016/">ESO adopts new measures to improve its environmental sustainability.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/announcements/annlang21005-es-cl/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/annlang21005a-es-cl.jpg"></a>15 December 2021 — <a href="/public/announcements/annlang21005-es-cl/">ESO and Chile sign agreement to foster scientific and technological cooperation on the ELT.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/announcements/ann22002/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/ann22002a.jpg"></a>10 February 2022 — <a href="/public/announcements/ann22002/">ESO and Australia strengthen their strategic partnership.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> <li><a href="/public/news/eso2208-eht-mw/"><img src="/public/archives/images/thumbs/eso2208-eht-mwa.jpg"></a>12 May 2022 — <a href="/public/news/eso2208-eht-mw/">First image of the black hole at the heart of our galaxy.</a></li> <div class="clear"></div> </ol> 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