Early screening to identify and diagnose primary nasal tuberculosis in patients with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors

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inhibitors" /> <meta name="dc.publisher" content="Baishideng Publishing Group Inc." /> <meta name="dc.date" content="Nov 26, 2024" /> <meta name="dc.identifier" content="doi:10.12998/wjcc.v12.i33.6604" /> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Dan-Xiang Shen" /> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Yu-Wei Wang" /> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Zhi-Min Lin" /> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Di Jin" /> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Zhen-Hua Ying" /> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Chen Li" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="World Journal of Clinical Cases" /> <meta name="citation_authors" content="Dan-Xiang Shen, Yu-Wei Wang, Zhi-Min Lin, Di Jin, Zhen-Hua Ying, Chen Li" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Early screening to identify and diagnose primary nasal tuberculosis in patients with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="Nov 26, 2024" /> <meta name="citation_volume" content="12" /> <meta name="citation_issue" 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<div class="sectiontext fl"> <span> Academic Rules and Norms of This Article </span> </div> </div> <div class="sectioncontent cl" id="cimg3div" style="display:none;"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.f6publishing.com/forms/main/DownLoadFile.aspx?Type=Digital&TypeId=14&id=10.12998%2fwjcc.v12.i33.6604&FilePath=029DEA0265D6253CBF9B17385F9F5BEDCF361CB2EEFFBF696E184716588E10FC4B658AFBF9A1C10446DB6F353FDDABD04321B6DBC6B4B58C5032CB937CD47C1B5DFBA1722626D735AE65C84DC24EBDD7" target="_blank">Conflict-of-Interest Statement (PDF)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.f6publishing.com/forms/main/DownLoadFile.aspx?Type=Digital&TypeId=15&id=10.12998%2fwjcc.v12.i33.6604&FilePath=029DEA0265D6253CBF9B17385F9F5BEDCF361CB2EEFFBF696E184716588E10FC4B658AFBF9A1C104E2AC79E8D5B705B51E60F91DED86A992065732654B98B72B338AC88A8493E580" target="_blank">Copyright Assignment (PDF)</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="left-collapse cl"> <div class="sectiontitle cl" onclick="ShowDetail('cimg5');"> <div class="sectionimg fl"> <img style="border:0;" alt="" id="cimg5" src="https://www.f6publishing.com/contents/images/collapsed_yes.gif" /> </div> <div class="sectiontext fl"> <span> Citation of this article </span> </div> </div> <div class="sectioncontent cl" id="cimg5div" style="display:none;"> <span id="citation_html">Shen DX, Wang YW, Lin ZM, Jin D, Ying ZH, Li C. Early screening to identify and diagnose primary nasal tuberculosis in patients with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. <em>World J Clin Cases</em> 2024; 12(33): 6604-6607 [PMID: <a href='http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39600487' target='_blank'>39600487</a> DOI: <a href='https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i33.6604' target='_blank'>10.12998/wjcc.v12.i33.6604</a>]</span> </div> </div> <div class="left-collapse cl"> <div class="sectiontitle cl" onclick="ShowDetail('cimg6');"> <div class="sectionimg fl"> <img style="border:0;" alt="" id="cimg6" src="https://www.f6publishing.com/contents/images/collapsed_yes.gif" /> </div> <div class="sectiontext fl"> <span> Corresponding Author of This Article </span> </div> </div> <div class="sectioncontent cl" id="cimg6div" style="display:none;"> <span>Chen Li, MD, Chief Doctor, Doctor, Staff Physician, Department of Rheumatology, Fangshan Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 151 Chengguan South Street, Fangshan District, Beijing 102400, China. <email>casio1981@163.com</email></span> </div> </div> <div class="left-collapse cl"> <div class="sectiontitle cl" onclick="ShowDetail('cimg10');"> <div class="sectionimg fl"> <img style="border:0;" alt="" id="cimg10" src="https://www.f6publishing.com/contents/images/collapsed_yes.gif" /> </div> <div class="sectiontext fl"> <span> Research Domain of This Article </span> </div> </div> <div class="sectioncontent cl" id="cimg10div" style="display:none;"> <span>Otorhinolaryngology</span> </div> </div> <div class="left-collapse cl"> <div class="sectiontitle cl" onclick="ShowDetail('cimg11');"> <div class="sectionimg fl"> <img style="border:0;" alt="" id="cimg11" src="https://www.f6publishing.com/contents/images/collapsed_yes.gif" /> </div> <div class="sectiontext fl"> <span> Article-Type of This Article </span> </div> </div> <div class="sectioncontent cl" id="cimg11div" style="display:none;"> <span>Editorial</span> </div> </div> <div class="left-collapse cl"> <div class="sectiontitle cl" onclick="ShowDetail('cimg12');"> <div class="sectionimg fl"> <img style="border:0;" alt="" id="cimg12" src="https://www.f6publishing.com/contents/images/collapsed_yes.gif" /> </div> <div class="sectiontext fl"> <span> Open-Access Policy of This Article </span> </div> </div> <div class="sectioncontent cl" id="cimg12div" style="display:none;"> <span>This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</a></span> </div> </div> <div class="left-collapse cl"> <div class="sectiontitle cl" onclick="ShowDetail('cimg15');"> <div class="sectionimg fl"> <img style="border:0;" alt="" id="cimg15" src="https://www.f6publishing.com/contents/images/collapsed_yes.gif" /> </div> <div class="sectiontext fl"> <span> Times Cited Counts in Google of This Article </span> </div> </div> <div class="sectioncontent cl" id="cimg15div" style="display:none;"> <ul> <li><a href="http://www.google.com/search?as_q=Early screening to identify and diagnose primary nasal tuberculosis in patients with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors" target="_blank">Early screening to identify and diagnose primary nasal tuberculosis in patients with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="left-collapse cl"> <div class="sectiontitle cl"> <div class="sectiontext fl"> <span> 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style="width:1px;text-align:right;"><span class="dx-vam"> </span></td> </tr> </table></td><td id="gvStatis4232f939-77f9-4f9c-9b86-f2504c303cc7_col1" class="dxgvHeader" style="border-top-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;"><table style="width:100%;"> <tr> <td>Count</td><td style="width:1px;text-align:right;"><span class="dx-vam"> </span></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr><tr id="gvStatis4232f939-77f9-4f9c-9b86-f2504c303cc7_DXDataRow0" class="dxgvDataRow"> <td class="dxgv">PDF</td><td class="dxgv dx-ar" style="border-right-width:0px;">21</td> </tr><tr id="gvStatis4232f939-77f9-4f9c-9b86-f2504c303cc7_DXDataRow1" class="dxgvDataRow"> <td class="dxgv">HTML</td><td class="dxgv dx-ar" style="border-right-width:0px;">623</td> </tr><tr id="gvStatis4232f939-77f9-4f9c-9b86-f2504c303cc7_DXDataRow2" class="dxgvDataRow"> <td class="dxgv">Tables (1-1)</td><td class="dxgv dx-ar" style="border-right-width:0px;">70</td> </tr><tr id="gvStatis4232f939-77f9-4f9c-9b86-f2504c303cc7_DXFooterRow" class="dxgvFooter"> <td class="dxgv" style="border-bottom-width:0px;"> </td><td class="dxgv" style="text-align:Right;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;">Sum=714</td> </tr> </table><table id="gvStatis4232f939-77f9-4f9c-9b86-f2504c303cc7_LP" class="dxgvLoadingPanel" style="left:0px;top:0px;z-index:30000;display:none;"> <tr> <td class="dx" style="padding-right:0px;"><img class="dxlp-loadingImage dxlp-imgPosLeft" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="" style="vertical-align:middle;" /></td><td class="dx" style="padding-left:0px;"><span id="gvStatis4232f939-77f9-4f9c-9b86-f2504c303cc7_TL">Loading…</span></td> </tr> </table><div id="gvStatis4232f939-77f9-4f9c-9b86-f2504c303cc7_LD" class="dxgvLoadingDiv" style="display:none;z-index:29999;position:absolute;"> </div><img id="gvStatis4232f939-77f9-4f9c-9b86-f2504c303cc7_IADD" class="dxGridView_gvDragAndDropArrowDown" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="Down Arrow" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;top:-100px;" /><img id="gvStatis4232f939-77f9-4f9c-9b86-f2504c303cc7_IADU" class="dxGridView_gvDragAndDropArrowUp" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="Up Arrow" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;top:-100px;" /><img id="gvStatis4232f939-77f9-4f9c-9b86-f2504c303cc7_IADL" class="dxGridView_gvDragAndDropArrowLeft" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="Left Arrow" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;top:-100px;" /><img id="gvStatis4232f939-77f9-4f9c-9b86-f2504c303cc7_IADR" class="dxGridView_gvDragAndDropArrowRight" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="Right Arrow" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;top:-100px;" /><img id="gvStatis4232f939-77f9-4f9c-9b86-f2504c303cc7_IDHF" class="dxGridView_gvDragAndDropHideColumn" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="Hide" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;top:-100px;" /></td> </tr> </table><script id="dxss_784086250">  </script> </div> </div> <div class="infotitle"> Featured Article </div> <div class="articlestatis"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/DXR.axd?r=1_74,1_68,1_69,1_70,10_9-2NNPn" /> <script id="dxis_571550021" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_11,1_252,1_12,1_23,1_64,1_13,1_14,1_15,1_16,1_20,10_0,10_1,10_2,10_3,10_4,1_21,1_22,17_0,17_22-8NNPn"></script> <div style="padding:0;margin:0;margin-bottom:5px;"> <div id="chart189e2b80-9a46-46bb-b92f-1a231cd06b86" onmousemove="ASPx.chartMouseMove(event, 'chart189e2b80-9a46-46bb-b92f-1a231cd06b86')" onclick="ASPx.chartClick(event, 'chart189e2b80-9a46-46bb-b92f-1a231cd06b86')" style="height:300px;width:215px;"> <img id="chart189e2b80-9a46-46bb-b92f-1a231cd06b86_IMG" src="/DXB.axd?DXCache=182ff951-5e55-b865-1319-a0ad07415d13" alt="The chart showing Browse series, Download series." style="display:block;" /> </div><script id="dxss_2077815470">  </script> </div> <div class="articlestatis"> <script id="dxis_215128587" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_19,1_213,1_224,1_225,1_211,1_227,1_236,1_238,1_239,1_230,1_234,1_240,17_48,17_2-8NNPn"></script><table class="dxgvControl dxgv" id="gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0" style="width:215px;border-collapse:separate;"> <tr> <td style="padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;"><table id="gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0_DXMainTable" class="dxgvTable dxgvRBB" oncontextmenu="return ASPx.GVContextMenu('gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0',event);" style="width:100%;empty-cells:show;"> <tr id="gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0_DXHeadersRow0"> <td id="gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0_col0" class="dxgvHeader" style="width:150px;border-top-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;"><table style="width:100%;"> <tr> <td>Item</td><td style="width:1px;text-align:right;"><span class="dx-vam"> </span></td> </tr> </table></td><td id="gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0_col1" class="dxgvHeader" style="border-top-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;"><table style="width:100%;"> <tr> <td>Count</td><td style="width:1px;text-align:right;"><span class="dx-vam"> </span></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr><tr id="gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0_DXDataRow0" class="dxgvDataRow"> <td class="dxgv">Browse</td><td class="dxgv dx-ar" style="border-right-width:0px;">93</td> </tr><tr id="gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0_DXDataRow1" class="dxgvDataRow"> <td class="dxgv">Download</td><td class="dxgv dx-ar" style="border-right-width:0px;">119</td> </tr><tr id="gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0_DXFooterRow" class="dxgvFooter"> <td class="dxgv" style="border-bottom-width:0px;"> </td><td class="dxgv" style="text-align:Right;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;">Sum=212</td> </tr> </table><table id="gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0_LP" class="dxgvLoadingPanel" style="left:0px;top:0px;z-index:30000;display:none;"> <tr> <td class="dx" style="padding-right:0px;"><img class="dxlp-loadingImage dxlp-imgPosLeft" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="" style="vertical-align:middle;" /></td><td class="dx" style="padding-left:0px;"><span id="gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0_TL">Loading…</span></td> </tr> </table><div id="gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0_LD" class="dxgvLoadingDiv" style="display:none;z-index:29999;position:absolute;"> </div><img id="gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0_IADD" class="dxGridView_gvDragAndDropArrowDown" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="Down Arrow" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;top:-100px;" /><img id="gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0_IADU" class="dxGridView_gvDragAndDropArrowUp" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="Up Arrow" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;top:-100px;" /><img id="gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0_IADL" class="dxGridView_gvDragAndDropArrowLeft" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="Left Arrow" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;top:-100px;" /><img id="gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0_IADR" class="dxGridView_gvDragAndDropArrowRight" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="Right Arrow" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;top:-100px;" /><img id="gvStatis0ccf933d-73a3-493e-8b31-0aa4f4dd70e0_IDHF" class="dxGridView_gvDragAndDropHideColumn" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="Hide" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;top:-100px;" /></td> </tr> </table><script id="dxss_667763558">  </script> </div> </div> <div class="infotitle"> Publishing Process of This Article </div> <div class="articlestatis"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/DXR.axd?r=1_74,1_68,1_69,1_70,10_9-2NNPn" /> <script id="dxis_571550021" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_11,1_252,1_12,1_23,1_64,1_13,1_14,1_15,1_16,1_20,10_0,10_1,10_2,10_3,10_4,1_21,1_22,17_0,17_22-8NNPn"></script> <div style="padding:0;margin:0;margin-bottom:5px;"> <div id="chart9d28e0da-4dac-4fed-8e76-37231d49c6db" onmousemove="ASPx.chartMouseMove(event, 'chart9d28e0da-4dac-4fed-8e76-37231d49c6db')" onclick="ASPx.chartClick(event, 'chart9d28e0da-4dac-4fed-8e76-37231d49c6db')" style="height:300px;width:215px;"> <img id="chart9d28e0da-4dac-4fed-8e76-37231d49c6db_IMG" src="/DXB.axd?DXCache=487f2b66-3de9-241d-0258-e9bfdfef058c" alt="The chart showing Browse series, Download series." style="display:block;" /> </div><script id="dxss_1604229746">  </script> </div> <div class="articlestatis"> <script id="dxis_215128587" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_19,1_213,1_224,1_225,1_211,1_227,1_236,1_238,1_239,1_230,1_234,1_240,17_48,17_2-8NNPn"></script><table class="dxgvControl dxgv" id="gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063" style="width:215px;border-collapse:separate;"> <tr> <td style="padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;"><table id="gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063_DXMainTable" class="dxgvTable dxgvRBB" oncontextmenu="return ASPx.GVContextMenu('gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063',event);" style="width:100%;empty-cells:show;"> <tr id="gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063_DXHeadersRow0"> <td id="gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063_col0" class="dxgvHeader" style="width:150px;border-top-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;"><table style="width:100%;"> <tr> <td>Item</td><td style="width:1px;text-align:right;"><span class="dx-vam"> </span></td> </tr> </table></td><td id="gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063_col1" class="dxgvHeader" style="border-top-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;"><table style="width:100%;"> <tr> <td>Count</td><td style="width:1px;text-align:right;"><span class="dx-vam"> </span></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr><tr id="gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063_DXDataRow0" class="dxgvDataRow"> <td class="dxgv">Browse</td><td class="dxgv dx-ar" style="border-right-width:0px;">10</td> </tr><tr id="gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063_DXDataRow1" class="dxgvDataRow"> <td class="dxgv">Download</td><td class="dxgv dx-ar" style="border-right-width:0px;">36</td> </tr><tr id="gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063_DXFooterRow" class="dxgvFooter"> <td class="dxgv" style="border-bottom-width:0px;"> </td><td class="dxgv" style="text-align:Right;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;">Sum=46</td> </tr> </table><table id="gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063_LP" class="dxgvLoadingPanel" style="left:0px;top:0px;z-index:30000;display:none;"> <tr> <td class="dx" style="padding-right:0px;"><img class="dxlp-loadingImage dxlp-imgPosLeft" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="" style="vertical-align:middle;" /></td><td class="dx" style="padding-left:0px;"><span id="gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063_TL">Loading…</span></td> </tr> </table><div id="gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063_LD" class="dxgvLoadingDiv" style="display:none;z-index:29999;position:absolute;"> </div><img id="gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063_IADD" class="dxGridView_gvDragAndDropArrowDown" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="Down Arrow" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;top:-100px;" /><img id="gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063_IADU" class="dxGridView_gvDragAndDropArrowUp" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="Up Arrow" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;top:-100px;" /><img id="gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063_IADL" class="dxGridView_gvDragAndDropArrowLeft" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="Left Arrow" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;top:-100px;" /><img id="gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063_IADR" class="dxGridView_gvDragAndDropArrowRight" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="Right Arrow" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;top:-100px;" /><img id="gvStatis81165291-ec2a-4220-9a56-e95e6e768063_IDHF" class="dxGridView_gvDragAndDropHideColumn" src="/DXR.axd?r=1_89-2NNPn" alt="Hide" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;top:-100px;" /></td> </tr> </table><script id="dxss_1193078738">  </script> </div> </div> </div> <div> Nov 26, 2024 (publication date) through Nov 27, 2024 </div> </div> </div> <div class="left-collapse cl"> <div class="sectiontitle cl"> <div class="sectiontext fl"> <span> Times Cited of This Article </span> </div> </div> <div class="sectioncontent cl"> <ul> <li><span>Times Cited  (0)</span></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="left-collapse cl"> <div class="sectiontitle cl"> <div class="sectiontext fl"> <span> Journal Information of This Article </span> </div> </div> <div class="sectioncontent cl"> <div class="infotitle"> Publication Name </div> <div class="infocontent"> <i>World Journal of Clinical Cases</i> </div> <div class="infotitle"> ISSN </div> <div class="infocontent"> 2307-8960 </div> <div class="infotitle"> Publisher of This Article </div> <div class="infocontent"> Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA </div> <br /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="infopart fr"> <link rel="stylesheet" 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style="float:right;padding-right:10px;">Open Access</span> </div>  <div id="dptop"> <div id="dpcopyright"> <a href="http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/207" target="_blank">Copyright</a> <b>©The Author(s) 2024.</b><span> Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.</span> </div> <div id="dpjournal"> <span>World J Clin Cases. </span><span>Nov 26, 2024; </span><span>12(33): 6604-6607</span><br /> <span>Published online Nov 26, 2024. doi: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i33.6604" target="_self">10.12998/wjcc.v12.i33.6604</a></span> </div> <div id="dptitle"> Early screening to identify and diagnose primary nasal tuberculosis in patients with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors </div> <div id="dpauthors"> <a href="javascript:void(0);" id="thisauthor687231" class="author-name-link" data-f-name="Dan-Xiang" data-l-name="Shen" data-name="Dan-Xiang Shen" target="_self">Dan-Xiang Shen</a>, <a href="javascript:void(0);" id="thisauthor687232" class="author-name-link" data-f-name="Yu-Wei" data-l-name="Wang" data-name="Yu-Wei Wang" target="_self">Yu-Wei Wang</a>, <a href="javascript:void(0);" id="thisauthor687233" class="author-name-link" data-f-name="Zhi-Min" data-l-name="Lin" data-name="Zhi-Min Lin" target="_self">Zhi-Min Lin</a>, <a href="javascript:void(0);" id="thisauthor687234" class="author-name-link" data-f-name="Di" data-l-name="Jin" data-name="Di Jin" target="_self">Di Jin</a>, <a href="javascript:void(0);" id="thisauthor687235" class="author-name-link" data-f-name="Zhen-Hua" data-l-name="Ying" data-name="Zhen-Hua Ying" target="_self">Zhen-Hua Ying</a>, <a href="javascript:void(0);" id="thisauthor687236" class="author-name-link" data-f-name="Chen" data-l-name="Li" data-name="Chen Li" target="_self">Chen Li</a> </div> <div id="dpaff"> <div><b>Dan-Xiang Shen, </b>Department of Internal Medicine, Changxing Third People's Hospital, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China</div><div><b>Dan-Xiang Shen, Zhen-Hua Ying, </b>Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jinzhou Medical University Graduate Training Base Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Center for General Practice Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China</div><div><b>Dan-Xiang Shen, Zhen-Hua Ying, </b>Department of Rheumatology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Cultivation for Arthritis Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China</div><div><b>Yu-Wei Wang, </b>Department of Cardiology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang 261000, Shandong Province, China</div><div><b>Zhi-Min Lin, </b>Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100020, China</div><div><b>Di Jin, </b>Department of Rheumatology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang 261000, Shandong Province, China</div><div><b>Chen Li, </b>Department of Rheumatology, Fangshan Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102400, China</div> </div> <div id="dporcid" style="display:;"> <b>ORCID number: </b><span>Zhen-Hua Ying (<a href='http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5443-3675' target='_blank'>0000-0002-5443-3675</a>); Chen Li (<a href='http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8527-1680' target='_blank'>0000-0002-8527-1680</a>).</span> </div> <div id="dpfn"> <div><b>Co-first authors</b>: Dan-Xiang Shen and Yu-Wei Wang.</div> <div><b>Co-corresponding authors</b>: Zhen-Hua Ying and Chen Li.</div> <div><b>Author contributions</b>: Shen DX, Li C, and Ying ZH conceptualized and designed the research; Shen DX and Wang YW prepared the manuscript and contributed equally to this article, ensuring a cohesive presentation of the research findings; Lin ZM and Jin D were responsible for the meticulous analysis and interpretation of the case, providing essential insights that underpinned the study's conclusions; Li C and Ying ZH, as co-corresponding authors, were at the helm of conceptualizing and designing the research ideas, setting the stage for the study with their innovative and well-defined framework; Li C conceptualized, designed, and supervised the whole process of the project. He searched the literature, revised and submitted the early version of the manuscript. Ying ZH was instrumental and responsible for revision, table plotting, comprehensive literature search, preparation, and submission of the current version of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript, with Shen DX and Wang YW recognized as co-first authors for their significant contributions to the manuscript preparation, and the collaborative efforts of the team were instrumental in bringing the research to fruition.</div> <div><b>Conflict-of-interest statement:</b> All the authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.</div><div><b>Open-Access:</b> This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/</a></div><div><b>Corresponding author</b>: Chen Li, MD, Chief Doctor, Doctor, Staff Physician, Department of Rheumatology, Fangshan Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 151 Chengguan South Street, Fangshan District, Beijing 102400, China. <a href="mailto:casio1981@163.com">casio1981@163.com</a></div> <div><b>Received:</b> June 4, 2024<br /><b>Revised:</b> September 17, 2024<br /><b>Accepted:</b> September 23, 2024<br /><b>Published online:</b> November 26, 2024<br /><b>Processing time:</b> 115 Days and 2.2 Hours<br /></div> </div> <br /> </div>  <div id="article-abstract-container"> <div class="article-section-title-0"> <span>Abstract</span> </div> <div id="dpabstract"> <div><p>In this editorial, we comment on the article by Liu <i>et al</i>. Based on our analysis of a case report, we consider that early screening and recognition of primary nasal tuberculosis are crucial for patients undergoing treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi). While TNFi therapy increases the risk of reactivating latent tuberculosis, primary nasal tuberculosis remains rare due to the protective mechanisms of the nasal mucosa. Risk factors for primary nasal tuberculosis include minimally invasive nasal surgery, diabetes, and human immunodeficiency virus. Patients with early symptoms such as nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, altered olfaction, epistaxis, or ulceration, and unresponsive to conventional antibiotics and antihistamines should undergo early rhinoscopy, possibly followed by repeated tissue biopsies and acid-fast bacilli culture when necessary. When diagnosis is challenging, it is essential to consider local tuberculosis epidemiology and the efficacy of diagnostic anti-tuberculosis treatment. The preferred method for tuberculosis screening is the Interferon Gamma Release Assay, with a general recommendation for screening at 3 and 6 months after initial treatment and then every six months. However, the optimal frequency is not yet consensus-driven and may be increased in economically viable settings.</p> </div> <div class="article-abstract-item" style="display:;"> <b>Key Words: </b><span><a href='https://www.f6publishing.com/ArticlesByKeywords?type=2&pageNumber=1&keyword=Tumor+necrosis+factor+inhibitor' target='blank'>Tumor necrosis factor inhibitor</a>; <a href='https://www.f6publishing.com/ArticlesByKeywords?type=2&pageNumber=1&keyword=Interferon-gamma+release+assay' target='blank'>Interferon-gamma release assay</a>; <a href='https://www.f6publishing.com/ArticlesByKeywords?type=2&pageNumber=1&keyword=Primary+nasal+tuberculosis' target='blank'>Primary nasal tuberculosis</a>; <a href='https://www.f6publishing.com/ArticlesByKeywords?type=2&pageNumber=1&keyword=Rhinoscopy' target='blank'>Rhinoscopy</a>; <a href='https://www.f6publishing.com/ArticlesByKeywords?type=2&pageNumber=1&keyword=Diabetes+mellitus' target='blank'>Diabetes mellitus</a></span> </div> <br /> <div class="article-abstract-item"> <span><p><b>Core Tip:</b> Patients receiving tumor necrosis factor inhibitor therapy rarely develop primary nasal tuberculosis, with diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus, and minimally invasive nasal surgery being risk factors. Early nasal endoscopy and an appropriately increased frequency of interferon gamma release assay testing may aid in the early screening and identification of nasal tuberculosis.</p></span> </div> <div id="dpcitation" class="article-abstract-item rs_skip"> <hr /> <ul> <li> <b>Citation: </b>Shen DX, Wang YW, Lin ZM, Jin D, Ying ZH, Li C. Early screening to identify and diagnose primary nasal tuberculosis in patients with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. <i>World J Clin Cases</i> 2024; 12(33): 6604-6607 </li> <li> <b>URL: </b><a href="https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v12/i33/6604.htm" target="_self">https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v12/i33/6604.htm</a> </li> <li> <b>DOI: </b><a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i33.6604" target="_self">https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i33.6604</a> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> </div> </div>  <div id="article-main-container"> <div> <div id="sec11"><div id="sec11title" class="article-section-title-0">INTRODUCTION</div><p class="article-section-content" id="p11">Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) have promising efficacy in refractory inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and ankylosing spondylitis, but inevitably have some adverse effects. Before starting TNFi therapy, infectious diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis, and tuberculosis, are generally screened. Patients with psoriasis or inflammatory bowel disease undergoing TNFi treatment are not at an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19[<a class="refcontent" href="#B1" data-jats-ref-type="bibr" data-jats-rid="B1">1</a>], and overall, COVID-19 vaccination is considered safe[<a class="refcontent" href="#B2" data-jats-ref-type="bibr" data-jats-rid="B2">2</a>]. Notably, tumour necrosis factor alpha is an important cytokine for macrophage activation and is essential for host control of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (Mtb). However, TNFi can cause latent tuberculosis (TB) reactivation with an approximate 2–8-fold risk[<a class="refcontent" href="#B3" data-jats-ref-type="bibr" data-jats-rid="B3">3</a>], and the incidence of TB is 3–4-fold higher with adalimumab and infliximab than with etanercept[<a class="refcontent" href="#B4" data-jats-ref-type="bibr" data-jats-rid="B4">4</a>]. Most cases are extrapulmonary tuberculosis; primary nasal TB is rare. This condition is related to the protective mechanisms of the nasal mucosa, including ciliary clearance, bactericidal activity of nasal secretions, mechanical filtration by nasal hairs, and intrinsic resistance to mycobacterial infections[<a class="refcontent" href="#B5" data-jats-ref-type="bibr" data-jats-rid="B5">5</a>], leading to a delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis. For patients with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) who require TNFi, prophylactic anti-TB treatment is administered first.</p></div><div id="sec12"><div id="sec12title" class="article-section-title-0">IDENTIFICATION AND DIAGNOSIS OF PRIMARY NASAL TB</div><p class="article-section-content" id="p11">Liu <i>et al</i>[<a class="refcontent" href="#B6" data-jats-ref-type="bibr" data-jats-rid="B6">6</a>] reported the case of a 58-year-old man who presented with right-sided nasal congestion and bloody discharge for one month, with a medical history of psoriasis, three years of adalimumab therapy, and right-sided functional endoscopic sinus surgery. The patient was diagnosed with primary nasal TB due to seroconversion in the 3<sup>rd</sup> year of adalimumab treatment; thickening, inflammation, and crusting changes in the nasal mucosa seen on nasal endoscopy; chronic granulomatous changes seen on repeat biopsy of the lesion; and antacid bacilli detected by Ziehl-Neelsen staining. The lesion improved after anti-TB treatment was administered. This case reminds clinicians to be vigilant for the development of nasal TB when early nonspecific nasopharyngeal symptoms develop in patients using TNFi, and that regular screening can avoid delayed diagnosis. The current frequency of LTBI screening in patients with psoriasis treated with TNFi should be based on medical history, risk of exposure, tuberculin skin testing (TST), and interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) results[<a class="refcontent" href="#B7" data-jats-ref-type="bibr" data-jats-rid="B7">7</a>], generally once every six months[<a class="refcontent" href="#B8" data-jats-ref-type="bibr" data-jats-rid="B8">8</a>]. However, the study did not state the frequency of T-SPOT TB tests, which could potentially delay the diagnosis of TB.</p><p class="article-section-content" id="p12">Primary nasal TB is more prevalent in females[<a class="refcontent" href="#B7" data-jats-ref-type="bibr" data-jats-rid="B7">7</a>], and it is considered rare due to the protective mechanism of the nasal mucosa. To date, only two cases of primary nasal TB in patients treated with TNFi have been reported. Patients with primary nasal TB present with symptoms such as nasal congestion, nasal discharge, altered sense of smell, epistaxis, and ulceration; primarily unilateral[<a class="refcontent" href="#B9" data-jats-ref-type="bibr" data-jats-rid="B9">9</a>] and conventional antibiotic and antihistamine therapy is ineffective. Early refinement of endoscopy is recommended as it can reveal sessile masses, crusts, scarring, and adhesions at the nasal septum and turbinates. In later stages, ulceration, septal perforation, and involvement of the sinuses and orbits may occur. A pathological biopsy of the nasal mass is necessary to visualize granulomatous inflammation, some of which lacks caseous changes. A repeat biopsy may help detect antacid bacilli. The diagnosis of primary nasal TB requires a combination of clinical presentation, seroconversion, Ziehl-Neelsen staining, and pathological biopsy. Positive Mtb culture results are considered the gold standard for diagnosis. However, the negative rate is high (50%–75%)[<a class="refcontent" href="#B10" data-jats-ref-type="bibr" data-jats-rid="B10">10</a>], and conducting multiple cultures repeatedly can help increase the positivity rate. Additionally, when diagnosis is difficult, considering the local epidemiology of TB and the effectiveness of diagnostic anti-TB treatments is crucial[<a class="refcontent" href="#B11" data-jats-ref-type="bibr" data-jats-rid="B11">11</a>]. Furthermore, differentiating this disease from other conditions such as midline granulomas (<i>i.e.</i>, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, leprosy, sarcoidosis, subcutaneous phycomycosis, and granulomatous syphilis) or neoplastic disorders (natural killer T-cell lymphoma, carcinoma)[<a class="refcontent" href="#B12" data-jats-ref-type="bibr" data-jats-rid="B12">12</a>] is critical.</p><p class="article-section-content" id="p13">Notably, TST often yields false-negative results in immunocompromised patients; therefore, IGRA is the preferred method for TB screening during TNFi treatment. In clinical practice, screenings 3 and 6 months after the initial dosing and every six months thereafter is generally recommended. However, there is still no consensus on these guidelines. The risk of TB induced by monoclonal antibodies is significantly higher than that induced by etanercept, and the frequency of monitoring should be increased when economically feasible. Minimally invasive nasal surgery and HIV are high-risk factors that can diminish local immunity in the nasal cavity. In addition, diabetes can worsen the natural progression of immune-mediated diseases treated with biological therapies, thereby increasing the risk of nasal TB. Consequently, an increase in screening frequency is required.</p></div><div id="sec13"><div id="sec13title" class="article-section-title-0">CONCLUSION</div><p class="article-section-content" id="p11">In summary, we believe that when patients receiving TNFi therapy exhibit nasopharyngeal symptoms, it is crucial to be vigilant for nasal TB. Early completion of rhinoscopy and an appropriately increased frequency of IGRA monitoring, in conjunction with some key characteristics (Table <a class="refcontent" href="#T1" data-jats-ref-type="table" data-jats-rid="T1">1</a>), may aid in the early detection and diagnosis of primary nasal TB. However, determining the optimal frequency of TB screening by considering the socioeconomic factors is also necessary.</p><figure id="T1" class="figure_table"> <figcaption class="Caption"> <div class="caption_content"> <a href="http://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v12/i33/6604-T1.htm" target="_blank"><span class="caption_number">Table 1</span></a> Key characteristics of primary nasal tuberculosis induced by tumor necrosis factor inhibitor. </div> </figcaption> <div class="table-container" style="width:666px;"> <table class="table-container" border="1"><thead><tr><td><b>Symptoms</b><hr /></td><td><b>Risk factors</b><hr /></td><td><b>Epidemiology</b><hr /></td><td><b>Types of TNFi</b><hr /></td><td><b>Treatment</b><hr /></td><td><b>IGRA</b><hr /></td><td><b>Nasal biopsy</b><hr /></td><td><b>Tissue culture</b><hr /></td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Nasal congestion; Rhinorrhea; altered olfaction; Epistaxis; Ulcers, <i>etc.</i></td><td>Diabetes; HIV; Minimally invasive nasal surgery</td><td>High tuberculosis prevalence areas</td><td>Adalimumab and infliximab increase TB risk 3-4 times more than etanercept</td><td>Ineffective conventional antibiotics and antihistamines; diagnostic anti-tuberculosis effective</td><td>Negative to positive</td><td>Granulomatous inflammation with or without caseous changes</td><td>Positive for Mtb</td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="table_footer"> <div> <div id=''>TNFi: Tumor necrosis factor inhibitor; HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus; IGRA: Interferon gamma release assay.</div> </div> </div> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="article-section-title-0" style="display:block"> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> <div style="display:block;" class="article-section-content"> <p><bold>Provenance and peer review:</bold> Invited article; Externally peer reviewed.</p><p><bold>Peer-review model:</bold> Single blind</p><p><bold>Specialty type:</bold> Otorhinolaryngology</p><p><bold>Country of origin:</bold> China</p><p><bold>Peer-review report’s classification</bold></p><p><bold>Scientific Quality:</bold> Grade B</p><p><bold>Novelty:</bold> Grade A</p><p><bold>Creativity or Innovation:</bold> Grade A</p><p><bold>Scientific Significance:</bold> Grade A</p><p><bold><b>P-Reviewer:</b></bold> Gravina AG <bold><b>S-Editor:</b></bold> Liu JH <bold><b>L-Editor:</b></bold> A <bold><b>P-Editor:</b></bold> Zheng XM</p> </div> <div class="article-section-title-0" style="display:block"> <span>References</span> </div> <div style="margin-top:10px;display:block"> <div class="article-ref" id="B1"> <table> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;width:30px;"><a class="article-ref-vol" title="View reference 1 in text" ref-list-rid="B1" target="_self">1. </a></td> <td> <span><b>Kridin K</b>, Schonmann Y, Damiani G, Peretz A, Onn E, Bitan DT, Cohen AD. Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors are associated with a decreased risk of COVID-19-associated hospitalization in patients with psoriasis-A population-based cohort 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href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19854715" pub-id-type="pubmed" pub-id="19854715" target="_blank">PubMed</a>]</span> <span style="display:inline"> [<a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2009.118935" pub-id-type="doi" pub-id="10.1136/ard.2009.118935" target="_blank">DOI</a>]</span> <span> <span class="ref-count-sep">[</span>Cited in This Article: <span id="B4thiscited"></span><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class="ref-count-sep">[</span>Cited by in Crossref: 453<span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class='ref-count-sep'>[</span><a href='/2307-8960/CitedArticlesInF6?id=10.1136%2fard.2009.118935' target='_blank'>Cited by in F6Publishing: 443</a><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class='ref-count-sep'>[</span><a href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="ShowInflu('10.1136%2fard.2009.118935','2307-8960')">Article Influence: 29.5</a><span 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data-id='63470'>World J Clin Cases</a></em>. 2024;<b>12</b>:3271-3276. </span> <span style="display:inline"> [<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38898839" pub-id-type="pubmed" pub-id="38898839" target="_blank">PubMed</a>]</span> <span style="display:inline"> [<a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i17.3271" pub-id-type="doi" pub-id="10.12998/wjcc.v12.i17.3271" target="_blank">DOI</a>]</span> <span> <span class="ref-count-sep">[</span>Cited in This Article: <span id="B6thiscited"></span><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class='ref-count-sep'>[</span><a href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="ShowRefArticle('10.12998/wjcc.v12.i17.3271','38898839','2307-8960')">Reference Citation Analysis (0)</a><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="article-ref" id="B7"> <table> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;width:30px;"><a class="article-ref-vol" title="View reference 7 in text" ref-list-rid="B7" target="_self">7. </a></td> <td> <span><b>Nast A</b>, Smith C, Spuls PI, Avila Valle G, Bata-Csörgö Z, Boonen H, De Jong E, Garcia-Doval I, Gisondi P, Kaur-Knudsen D, Mahil S, Mälkönen T, Maul JT, Mburu S, Mrowietz U, Reich K, Remenyik E, Rønholt KM, Sator PG, Schmitt-Egenolf M, Sikora M, Strömer K, Sundnes O, Trigos D, Van Der Kraaij G, Yawalkar N, Dressler C. EuroGuiDerm Guideline on the systemic treatment of Psoriasis vulgaris - Part 2: specific clinical and comorbid situations.</span> <span> <em><a href='javascript:void(0);' name='refsource'>J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol</a></em>. 2021;<b>35</b>:281-317. </span> <span style="display:inline"> [<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33547728" pub-id-type="pubmed" pub-id="33547728" target="_blank">PubMed</a>]</span> <span style="display:inline"> [<a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16926" pub-id-type="doi" pub-id="10.1111/jdv.16926" target="_blank">DOI</a>]</span> <span> <span class="ref-count-sep">[</span>Cited in This Article: <span id="B7thiscited"></span><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class="ref-count-sep">[</span>Cited by in Crossref: 30<span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class='ref-count-sep'>[</span><a href='/2307-8960/CitedArticlesInF6?id=10.1111%2fjdv.16926' target='_blank'>Cited by in F6Publishing: 32</a><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class='ref-count-sep'>[</span><a href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="ShowInflu('10.1111%2fjdv.16926','2307-8960')">Article Influence: 10.7</a><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class='ref-count-sep'>[</span><a href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="ShowRefArticle('10.1111/jdv.16926','','2307-8960')">Reference Citation Analysis (0)</a><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="article-ref" id="B8"> <table> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;width:30px;"><a class="article-ref-vol" title="View reference 8 in text" ref-list-rid="B8" target="_self">8. </a></td> <td> <span><b>Chinese Society of Dermatology</b>; China Dermatologist Association;  Dermatology & Venereology Specialized Committee of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine, Wang G, Zhang XJ. [Guidelines for the treatment of psoriasis with biologic agents in China (2021)].</span> <span> <em><a href='javascript:void(0);' name='refsource'>Zhonghua Pifuke Zazhi</a></em>. 2021;<b>54</b>:1033-1047. </span> <span style="display:none"> [<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/$[PubMed]" pub-id-type="pubmed" pub-id="$[PubMed]" target="_blank">PubMed</a>]</span> <span style="display:inline"> [<a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.35541/cjd.20210643" pub-id-type="doi" pub-id="10.35541/cjd.20210643" target="_blank">DOI</a>]</span> <span> <span class="ref-count-sep">[</span>Cited in This Article: <span id="B8thiscited"></span><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="article-ref" id="B9"> <table> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;width:30px;"><a class="article-ref-vol" title="View reference 9 in text" ref-list-rid="B9" target="_self">9. </a></td> <td> <span><b>Özer M</b>, Özsurekçi Y, Cengiz AB, Özçelik U, Yalçın E, Gököz Ö. Primary Nasal Tuberculosis in a 10-Year-Old Girl.</span> <span> <em><a href='javascript:void(0);' name='refsource'>Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol</a></em>. 2016;<b>2016</b>:9128548. </span> <span style="display:inline"> [<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27366187" pub-id-type="pubmed" pub-id="27366187" target="_blank">PubMed</a>]</span> <span style="display:inline"> [<a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9128548" pub-id-type="doi" pub-id="10.1155/2016/9128548" target="_blank">DOI</a>]</span> <span> <span class="ref-count-sep">[</span>Cited in This Article: <span id="B9thiscited"></span><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class="ref-count-sep">[</span>Cited 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target='_blank'>Cited by in F6Publishing: 14</a><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class='ref-count-sep'>[</span><a href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="ShowInflu('10.1017%2fs0022215110002136','2307-8960')">Article Influence: 1.0</a><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class='ref-count-sep'>[</span><a href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="ShowRefArticle('10.1017/s0022215110002136','20955638','2307-8960')">Reference Citation Analysis (0)</a><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="article-ref" id="B11"> <table> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;width:30px;"><a class="article-ref-vol" title="View reference 11 in text" ref-list-rid="B11" target="_self">11. </a></td> <td> <span><b>Ribeiro S</b>, Ferreira B, Duarte R, Almeida I, Vasconcelos C. Primary nasal tuberculosis during anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha treatment of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.</span> <span> <em><a href='javascript:void(0);' name='refsource'>Scand J Infect Dis</a></em>. 2013;<b>45</b>:957-960. </span> <span style="display:inline"> [<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23957541" pub-id-type="pubmed" pub-id="23957541" target="_blank">PubMed</a>]</span> <span style="display:inline"> [<a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365548.2013.818246" pub-id-type="doi" pub-id="10.3109/00365548.2013.818246" target="_blank">DOI</a>]</span> <span> <span class="ref-count-sep">[</span>Cited in This Article: <span id="B11thiscited"></span><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class="ref-count-sep">[</span>Cited by in Crossref: 2<span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class='ref-count-sep'>[</span><a href='/2307-8960/CitedArticlesInF6?id=10.3109%2f00365548.2013.818246' target='_blank'>Cited by in F6Publishing: 3</a><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class='ref-count-sep'>[</span><a href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="ShowInflu('10.3109%2f00365548.2013.818246','2307-8960')">Article Influence: 0.3</a><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class='ref-count-sep'>[</span><a href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="ShowRefArticle('10.3109/00365548.2013.818246','23957541','2307-8960')">Reference Citation Analysis (0)</a><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="article-ref" id="B12"> <table> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;width:30px;"><a class="article-ref-vol" title="View reference 12 in text" ref-list-rid="B12" target="_self">12. </a></td> <td> <span><b>Dixit R</b>, Dave L. Primary nasal tuberculosis.</span> <span> <em><a href='javascript:void(0);' name='refsource'>Lung India</a></em>. 2008;<b>25</b>:102-103. </span> <span style="display:inline"> [<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20165659" pub-id-type="pubmed" pub-id="20165659" target="_blank">PubMed</a>]</span> <span style="display:inline"> [<a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-2113.44127" pub-id-type="doi" pub-id="10.4103/0970-2113.44127" target="_blank">DOI</a>]</span> <span> <span class="ref-count-sep">[</span>Cited in This Article: <span id="B12thiscited"></span><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class="ref-count-sep">[</span>Cited by in Crossref: 15<span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class='ref-count-sep'>[</span><a href='/2307-8960/CitedArticlesInF6?id=10.4103%2f0970-2113.44127' target='_blank'>Cited by in F6Publishing: 19</a><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class='ref-count-sep'>[</span><a href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="ShowInflu('10.4103%2f0970-2113.44127','2307-8960')">Article Influence: 1.5</a><span class='ref-count-sep'>]</span></span> <span class="ref-count"> <span class='ref-count-sep'>[</span><a 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