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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" class="no-js"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large"> <meta name="access" content="No"> <meta name="360-site-verification" content="1268d79b5e96aecf3ff2a7dac04ad990" /> <title>Removal of Disperse Red dye by bamboo-based activated carbon: optimisation, kinetics and equilibrium | Environmental Science and Pollution Research </title> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@SpringerLink"/> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:image:alt" content="Content cover image"/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Removal of Disperse Red dye by bamboo-based activated carbon: optimisation, kinetics and equilibrium"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This research involved the use of response surface methodology (RSM) to investigate the adsorption of Disperse Red 167 dye onto the bamboo-based..."/> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://static-content.springer.com/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11356-012-1421-z/MediaObjects/11356_2012_1421_Fig1_HTML.gif"/> <meta name="journal_id" content="11356"/> <meta name="dc.title" content="Removal of Disperse Red dye by bamboo-based activated carbon: optimisation, kinetics and equilibrium"/> <meta name="dc.source" content="Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2012 20:7"/> <meta name="dc.format" content="text/html"/> <meta name="dc.publisher" content="Springer"/> <meta name="dc.date" content="2013-01-04"/> <meta name="dc.type" content="OriginalPaper"/> <meta name="dc.language" content="En"/> <meta name="dc.copyright" content="2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg"/> <meta name="dc.rights" content="2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg"/> <meta name="dc.rightsAgent" content="journalpermissions@springernature.com"/> <meta name="dc.description" content="This research involved the use of response surface methodology (RSM) to investigate the adsorption of Disperse Red 167 dye onto the bamboo-based activated carbon activated with H3PO4 (PBAC) in a batch process. F400, a commercially available activated carbon, was used in parallel for comparison. Analysis of variance showed that input variables such as the contact time, temperature, adsorbent dosage and the interaction between the temperature and the contact time had a significant effect on the dye removal for both adsorbents. RSM results show that the optimal contact time, temperature, initial dye concentration and adsorbent dosage for both adsorbents were found to be 15.4&nbsp;h, 50&nbsp;°C, 50.0&nbsp;mg L−1 and 12.0&nbsp;g L−1, respectively. Under these optimal conditions, the removal efficiencies reached 90.23&nbsp;% and 92.13&nbsp;% for PBAC and F400, respectively, with a desirability of 0.937. The validation of the experimental results confirmed the prediction of the models derived from RSM. The adsorption followed a nonlinear pseudo-first-order model and agreed well with the Freundlich and Temkin isotherm as judged by the levels of the AICc and the Akaike weight. Furthermore, the thermodynamics analysis indicated that, for both adsorbents, the adsorption was a physical process that was spontaneous, entropy-increasing and endothermic."/> <meta name="prism.issn" content="1614-7499"/> <meta name="prism.publicationName" content="Environmental Science and Pollution Research"/> <meta name="prism.publicationDate" content="2013-01-04"/> <meta name="prism.volume" content="20"/> <meta name="prism.number" content="7"/> <meta name="prism.section" content="OriginalPaper"/> <meta name="prism.startingPage" content="4635"/> <meta name="prism.endingPage" content="4646"/> <meta name="prism.copyright" content="2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg"/> <meta name="prism.rightsAgent" content="journalpermissions@springernature.com"/> <meta name="prism.url" content="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-012-1421-z"/> <meta name="prism.doi" content="doi:10.1007/s11356-012-1421-z"/> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-012-1421-z.pdf"/> <meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-012-1421-z"/> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Environmental Science and Pollution Research"/> <meta name="citation_journal_abbrev" content="Environ Sci Pollut Res"/> <meta name="citation_publisher" content="Springer Berlin Heidelberg"/> <meta name="citation_issn" content="1614-7499"/> <meta name="citation_title" content="Removal of Disperse Red dye by bamboo-based activated carbon: optimisation, kinetics and equilibrium"/> <meta name="citation_volume" content="20"/> <meta name="citation_issue" content="7"/> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2013/07"/> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2013/01/04"/> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="4635"/> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="4646"/> <meta name="citation_article_type" content="Research Article"/> <meta name="citation_language" content="en"/> <meta name="dc.identifier" content="doi:10.1007/s11356-012-1421-z"/> <meta name="DOI" content="10.1007/s11356-012-1421-z"/> <meta name="size" content="269229"/> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1007/s11356-012-1421-z"/> <meta name="citation_springer_api_url" content="http://api.springer.com/xmldata/jats?q=doi:10.1007/s11356-012-1421-z&api_key="/> <meta name="description" content="This research involved the use of response surface methodology (RSM) to investigate the adsorption of Disperse Red 167 dye onto the bamboo-based activated "/> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Wang, Lianggui"/> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Environment, general"/> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Environmental Chemistry"/> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Ecotoxicology"/> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Environmental Health"/> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution"/> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Environ Sci Technol; 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citation_author=P Sharma, L Singh, N Dilbaghi; citation_volume=161; citation_publication_date=2009; citation_pages=1081-1086; citation_doi=10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.04.085; citation_id=CR63"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=GU J Sci; citation_title=Removal of Direct Red 81 dye from aqueous solution by native and citric acid modified bamboo sawdust—kinetic study and equilibrium isotherm analyses; citation_author=AK Tabrez, D Sarita, A Imran; citation_volume=25; citation_issue=1; citation_publication_date=2012; citation_pages=59-87; citation_id=CR64"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Environ Sci Pollut Res; citation_title=Removal of sulfamethoxazole from solution by raw and chemically treated walnut shells; citation_author=S Teixeira, C Delerue-Matos, L Santos; citation_volume=8; citation_publication_date=2011; citation_pages=3096-3106; citation_id=CR65"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Water Res; citation_title=Optimization of the coagulation–flocculation process for pulp mill wastewater treatment using a combination of uniform design and response surface methodology; citation_author=J-P Wang, Y-Z Chen, Y Wang, S-J Yuan, H-Q Yu; citation_volume=45; citation_publication_date=2011; citation_pages=5633-5640; citation_doi=10.1016/j.watres.2011.08.023; citation_id=CR66"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=J Environ Manage; citation_title=Application of activated carbon derived from ‘waste’ bamboo culms for the adsorption of azo disperse dye: kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies; citation_author=L Wang; citation_volume=102; citation_publication_date=2012; citation_pages=79-87; citation_doi=10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.02.019; citation_id=CR67"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Desalination; citation_title=Adsorptive removal of direct yellow 161dye from aqueous solution using bamboo charcoals activated with different chemicals; citation_author=LG Wang, GB Yan; citation_volume=274; citation_publication_date=2011; citation_pages=81-90; citation_doi=10.1016/j.desal.2011.01.082; citation_id=CR68"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Bioresour Technol; citation_title=Effects of manufacturing conditions on the adsorption capacity of heavy metal ions by Makino bamboo charcoal; citation_author=SY Wang, MH Tsai, SF Lo, MJ Tsai; citation_volume=99; citation_publication_date=2008; citation_pages=7027-7033; citation_doi=10.1016/j.biortech.2008.01.014; citation_id=CR69"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Wang, Lianggui"/> <meta name="citation_author_email" content="wlgui99@163.com"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="College of Sciences, Lishui University, Zhejiang, China"/> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"/> <meta name="citation_cover_date" content="2013/07/01"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-012-1421-z"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="SpringerLink"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Removal of Disperse Red dye by bamboo-based activated carbon: optimisation, kinetics and equilibrium - Environmental Science and Pollution Research"/> <meta property="og:description" content="This research involved the use of response surface methodology (RSM) to investigate the adsorption of Disperse Red 167 dye onto the bamboo-based activated carbon activated with H3PO4 (PBAC) in a batch process. F400, a commercially available activated carbon, was used in parallel for comparison. Analysis of variance showed that input variables such as the contact time, temperature, adsorbent dosage and the interaction between the temperature and the contact time had a significant effect on the dye removal for both adsorbents. RSM results show that the optimal contact time, temperature, initial dye concentration and adsorbent dosage for both adsorbents were found to be 15.4 h, 50 °C, 50.0 mg L−1 and 12.0 g L−1, respectively. Under these optimal conditions, the removal efficiencies reached 90.23 % and 92.13 % for PBAC and F400, respectively, with a desirability of 0.937. The validation of the experimental results confirmed the prediction of the models derived from RSM. The adsorption followed a nonlinear pseudo-first-order model and agreed well with the Freundlich and Temkin isotherm as judged by the levels of the AICc and the Akaike weight. Furthermore, the thermodynamics analysis indicated that, for both adsorbents, the adsorption was a physical process that was spontaneous, entropy-increasing and endothermic."/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://static-content.springer.com/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11356-012-1421-z/MediaObjects/11356_2012_1421_Fig1_HTML.gif"/> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href=/oscar-static/img/favicons/darwin/apple-touch-icon-92e819bf8a.png> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href=/oscar-static/img/favicons/darwin/android-chrome-192x192-6f081ca7e5.png> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href=/oscar-static/img/favicons/darwin/favicon-32x32-1435da3e82.png> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href=/oscar-static/img/favicons/darwin/favicon-16x16-ed57f42bd2.png> <link rel="shortcut icon" data-test="shortcut-icon" href=/oscar-static/img/favicons/darwin/favicon-c6d59aafac.ico> <meta 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F400, a commercially available activated carbon, was used in parallel for comparison. Analysis of variance showed that input variables such as the contact time, temperature, adsorbent dosage and the interaction between the temperature and the contact time had a significant effect on the dye removal for both adsorbents. RSM results show that the optimal contact time, temperature, initial dye concentration and adsorbent dosage for both adsorbents were found to be 15.4 h, 50 °C, 50.0 mg L−1 and 12.0 g L−1, respectively. Under these optimal conditions, the removal efficiencies reached 90.23 % and 92.13 % for PBAC and F400, respectively, with a desirability of 0.937. The validation of the experimental results confirmed the prediction of the models derived from RSM. The adsorption followed a nonlinear pseudo-first-order model and agreed well with the Freundlich and Temkin isotherm as judged by the levels of the AICc and the Akaike weight. 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srcset="https://media.springernature.com/w144/springer-static/cover-hires/journal/11356?as=webp 2x" alt=""> </picture> <span class="app-article-masthead__journal-title">Environmental Science and Pollution Research</span> </a> <a href="https://link.springer.com/journal/11356/aims-and-scope" class="app-article-masthead__submission-link" data-track="click_aims_and_scope" data-track-action="aims and scope" data-track-context="article page" data-track-label="link"> Aims and scope <svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.editorialmanager.com/espr/" class="app-article-masthead__submission-link" data-track="click_submit_manuscript" data-track-context="article masthead on springerlink article page" data-track-action="submit manuscript" data-track-label="link"> Submit manuscript <svg width="16" height="16" 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xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use> </svg></a></p> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="u-mt-32"> </div> </header> </div> <div data-article-body="true" data-track-component="article body" class="c-article-body"> <section aria-labelledby="Abs1" data-title="Abstract" lang="en"><div class="c-article-section" id="Abs1-section"><h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="Abs1">Abstract</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="Abs1-content"><p>This research involved the use of response surface methodology (RSM) to investigate the adsorption of Disperse Red 167 dye onto the bamboo-based activated carbon activated with H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> (PBAC) in a batch process. F400, a commercially available activated carbon, was used in parallel for comparison. Analysis of variance showed that input variables such as the contact time, temperature, adsorbent dosage and the interaction between the temperature and the contact time had a significant effect on the dye removal for both adsorbents. RSM results show that the optimal contact time, temperature, initial dye concentration and adsorbent dosage for both adsorbents were found to be 15.4 h, 50 °C, 50.0 mg L<sup>−1</sup> and 12.0 g L<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Under these optimal conditions, the removal efficiencies reached 90.23 % and 92.13 % for PBAC and F400, respectively, with a desirability of 0.937. The validation of the experimental results confirmed the prediction of the models derived from RSM. The adsorption followed a nonlinear pseudo-first-order model and agreed well with the Freundlich and Temkin isotherm as judged by the levels of the AICc and the Akaike weight. Furthermore, the thermodynamics analysis indicated that, for both adsorbents, the adsorption was a physical process that was spontaneous, entropy-increasing and endothermic.</p></div></div></section> <div class="c-notes"> <p class="c-notes__text c-status-message--info"> <svg width="24" height="24" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="c-status-message__icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-info-filled-medium"></use> </svg> This is a preview of subscription content, <a id="test-login-banner-link" href="//wayf.springernature.com?redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Farticle%2F10.1007%2Fs11356-012-1421-z%3Ferror%3Dcookies_not_supported%26code%3Dad37fad1-8ed7-44fb-b004-c8448fd5e3c3" data-track="click" data-track-action="login" data-track-label="link" class="c-preview-message__link">log in via an institution</a> <svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon c-external-link__icon"> 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Removal of Disperse Red dye by bamboo-based activated carbon: optimisation, kinetics and equilibrium. <i>Environ Sci Pollut Res</i> <b>20</b>, 4635–4646 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-012-1421-z</p><p class="c-bibliographic-information__download-citation u-hide-print"><a data-test="citation-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="download article citation" data-track-label="link" data-track-external="" rel="nofollow" href="https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1007/s11356-012-1421-z?format=refman&flavour=citation">Download citation<svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-download-medium"></use></svg></a></p><ul class="c-bibliographic-information__list" data-test="publication-history"><li class="c-bibliographic-information__list-item"><p>Received<span class="u-hide">: </span><span class="c-bibliographic-information__value"><time 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href="/search?query=Response%20surface%20methodology&facet-discipline="Environment"" data-track="click" data-track-action="view keyword" data-track-label="link">Response surface methodology</a></span></li><li class="c-article-subject-list__subject"><span><a href="/search?query=Bamboo-based%20activated%20carbon&facet-discipline="Environment"" data-track="click" data-track-action="view keyword" data-track-label="link">Bamboo-based activated carbon</a></span></li><li class="c-article-subject-list__subject"><span><a href="/search?query=Kinetics&facet-discipline="Environment"" data-track="click" data-track-action="view keyword" data-track-label="link">Kinetics</a></span></li><li class="c-article-subject-list__subject"><span><a href="/search?query=Equilibrium&facet-discipline="Environment"" data-track="click" data-track-action="view keyword" data-track-label="link">Equilibrium</a></span></li></ul><div data-component="article-info-list"></div></div></div></div></div></section> </div> </main> 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