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searchaux" style="display:none">American professor and activist</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Mark D. Naison</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">1946 (age 77–78)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">History professor</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Political_activism" class="mw-redirect" title="Political activism">political activism</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Academic background</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Academic work</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discipline</th><td class="infobox-data">Historian</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sub-discipline</th><td class="infobox-data">African-American history; 20th century American history</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fordham_University" title="Fordham University">Fordham University</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mark Naison</b> (born 1946) is a professor of history at <a href="/wiki/Fordham_University" title="Fordham University">Fordham University</a>, the Jesuit University of New York.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Naison, a former political activist, was a member of <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Racial_Equality" title="Congress of Racial Equality">Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Students_for_a_Democratic_Society" title="Students for a Democratic Society">Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)</a> in the 1960s. He is a graduate of <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> and holds a Ph.D. in American history. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_D._Naison&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mark D. Naison was born in 1946 in the <a href="/wiki/Crown_Heights,_Brooklyn" title="Crown Heights, Brooklyn">Crown Heights</a> section of Brooklyn, New York.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the only child of Jewish intellectuals (both schoolteachers), Mark D. Naison had an easy childhood. Although he was happy as a child, Naison felt ostracized from his peers because his parents put such an importance on intelligence. Naison rebelled and turned to sports as an outlet and to help him fit in better with the neighbor kids.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_Days_at_Columbia_University">Early Days at Columbia University</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_D._Naison&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early Days at Columbia University"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Naison entered <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> in the fall of 1962. By the end of his freshman year, he began to feel like he had to oppose racial segregation more actively. By the fall of 1963, he joined the Columbia chapter of the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Racial_Equality" title="Congress of Racial Equality">Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CORE is a civil rights organization that was pivotal in the United States, particularly in the 1950s and 1960s. CORE was started in 1942 and was open to "anyone who believes that 'all people are created equal' and is willing to work towards the ultimate goal of true equality throughout the world."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CORE quickly became one of the university's biggest political-action groups.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He signed up to tutor and help organize tenants in East Harlem.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He earned his BA and MA in American History at Columbia in June 1966 and June 1967, respectively. Naison went on to earn his Ph.D. in American History from Columbia in January 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Students_for_a_Democratic_Society">Students for a Democratic Society</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_D._Naison&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Students for a Democratic Society"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By 1967, Naison was participating in anti-war activities sponsored by <a href="/wiki/Students_for_a_Democratic_Society" title="Students for a Democratic Society">Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)</a>. Although Naison was against the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>, he had objections to SDS's political style. He felt that they were too wrapped up in Marxist thinking and not concerned enough with the human aspect of the war.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the spring of 1967, SDS held a demonstration against the <a href="/wiki/ROTC" class="mw-redirect" title="ROTC">Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC)</a> on the Columbia campus. Naison participated in the demonstration, but to distinguish himself from SDS members, he wore his athletic jacket and carried a sign saying "jocks for peace".<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 1968 Naison was arrested for civil disobedience at a protest on the Columbia campus at the proposed Harlem site for the new gym.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April of that same year, Naison's father and <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a> died within two weeks of each other. Both of these deaths had profound impacts on Naison. At this point in his life he decided that he needed to be more involved in radical politics. Two weeks after <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">King’s</a> death there was another protest against the gym and again Naison participated. This time it was organized by the Columbia chapter of SDS and SAS (Student African-American Society). <a href="/wiki/Mark_Rudd" title="Mark Rudd">Mark Rudd</a>, SDS's leader, urged the group (of almost 500) to seize buildings to make sure their voices were heard. They soon overtook <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Hall_(Columbia_University)" title="Hamilton Hall (Columbia University)">Hamilton Hall</a>, giving them leverage that no other demonstration had ever held. During the building occupation, Naison spoke briefly about the historical context of the march. During his speech he said that "the forces opposing university expansion have the upper hand. Let's not leave this building until we get some serious concessions." During the protest, Naison realized that while he did not necessarily agree with SDS's contempt for white protesters, he also felt that their tactics in the gym protest were far more effective, a realization that led him to join SDS after the strike. After he joined, Naison was asked by <a href="/wiki/Rudd" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudd">Rudd</a> to use his knowledge of African-American and labor movement history to argue that the nationalist impulse was a progressive force in African-American life in SDS's leadership's fight against the <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Labor_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Progressive Labor Movement">Progressive Labor Movement</a>. The PLM (generally referred to as PL) included members of SDS who were arguing that <a href="/wiki/Black_nationalism" title="Black nationalism">black nationalism</a> was reactionary and that no revolution could be built with separate black and white wings.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By that fall, Naison had taken on an even greater role in SDS, both in the regional offices and nationally. He participated in many protests and attended the SDS national convention in Chicago in 1969. </p><p>When the group calling itself <a href="/wiki/Weather_Underground" title="Weather Underground">Weatherman</a> was instituted at the SDS national convention in Chicago, Naison was there. Naison even joined another member of the group to sign a lease on a house in South Brooklyn. Naison participated in discussions for the <a href="/wiki/Days_of_Rage" title="Days of Rage">Days of Rage</a> to be held in Chicago in the fall of 1969. On a Saturday in October 1969 all that changed. Naison was in a park with a group of friends, and while there they met a group of teenagers. They started talking and soon learned that a café across the way would not serve them because they looked like hippies. Furious, Naison and the others marched into the café and demanded that they be served. The police were called and a fight ensued resulting in eleven arrests. After a couple of days in jail, Naison was released on bail (by his comrades) with the assumption that he would contact a gym teacher at a local school to get the word out about the Days of Rage. Naison did not want to put his life on the line and be back in jail within the week. After tangling with members of the Weatherman, Naison ceased associating with the group.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Naison was briefly investigated by the <a href="/wiki/FBI" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI">FBI</a>. According to his memoir, the FBI bugged his house electronically and tried to question his neighbors, who, however, refused to say anything about him. After three days, the FBI was satisfied that he was no longer in the Weatherman and they left him alone. Naison lost one of his dearest friends, <a href="/wiki/Ted_Gold" title="Ted Gold">Ted Gold</a>, during the <a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Village_townhouse_explosion" title="Greenwich Village townhouse explosion">accidental explosion of a Greenwich Village townhouse</a> by an amateur SDS bomb-making group. <a href="/wiki/Kathy_Boudin" title="Kathy Boudin">Kathy Boudin</a>, in the house at the time, had been one of his favorite contacts in the New York Collective, and she survived the blast. In his grief over the loss of Gold, Naison wrote a poem, published in <i><a href="/wiki/Radical_America" title="Radical America">Radical America</a></i>, as a tribute to his fallen friend.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="poem"> <p>"I remember Ted Gold best...<br /> "He is dead...<br /> Of a bomb meant for better targets..." </p> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presently">Presently</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_D._Naison&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Presently"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Asked about his arrest during the Columbia incident, Naison replied, "Getting arrested to protest Columbia's attempt to build a gym in a Harlem Park was something I was proud of at the time—and am still proud of now." Naison claims that his only regret in life has been not leaving Weatherman when they started talking about getting rid of monogamy. </p><p>Naison has been on the faculty of <a href="/wiki/Fordham_University" title="Fordham University">Fordham University</a> in New York City since 1970, where he is Professor of <a href="/wiki/African_American_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="African American Studies">African American Studies</a> and History, Director of the Bronx African American History Project, and has served as Director of <a href="/wiki/Urban_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban Studies">Urban Studies</a>. His most popular course at Fordham, "From Rock & Roll to Hip Hop: Urban Youth Cultures in Post War America", was the subject of an interview with him on <a href="/wiki/National_Public_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="National Public Radio">National Public Radio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fordham.edu_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fordham.edu-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He has written over a hundred articles<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and published three books on urban history, <a href="/wiki/African-American_History" class="mw-redirect" title="African-American History">African-American History</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/History_of_sports" class="mw-redirect" title="History of sports">history of sports</a>. Naison has also appeared on <i><a href="/wiki/The_O%27Reilly_Factor" title="The O'Reilly Factor">The O'Reilly Factor</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Chappelle%27s_Show" title="Chappelle's Show">Chappelle's Show</a></i>, and the <a href="/wiki/Discovery_Channel" title="Discovery Channel">Discovery Channel</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Greatest_American" title="The Greatest American">The Greatest American</a></i>. He has also been an outspoken critic of <a href="/wiki/Teach_for_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Teach for America">Teach for America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Naison is co-founder of the <a href="/wiki/Badass_Teachers_Association" title="Badass Teachers Association">Badass Teachers Association</a>, a group dedicated to fighting the <a href="/wiki/Common_Core_Curriculum" class="mw-redirect" title="Common Core Curriculum">Common Core Curriculum</a> and corporate influences on <a href="/wiki/American_education" class="mw-redirect" title="American education">American education</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MotherJones2014_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MotherJones2014-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_D._Naison&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Communists in Harlem During the Depression</i> (1984)</li> <li><i>White Boy: A Memoir</i> (2002)</li> <li><i>It Takes a Village to Raise a Child: Growing Up in the Patterson Houses in the 1950s - An Interview with Archibald Good"</i> (2003) - Published in the Spring 2003 issue of the Bronx County Historical Journal</li> <li><i>From Doo Wop to Hip Hop: The Bittersweet Odyssey of African Americans in the South Bronx"</i> (2004) - Published in the Spring 2004 issue of the Bronx County Historical Journal</li> <li><i>Pure Bronx</i> (2013) - Co-written with Melissa Castillo-Garsow</li> <li><i>Badass Teachers Unite! Writing on Education, History, and Youth Activism</i> (2014)</li> <li><i>Before the Fires: An Oral History of African American Life in the Bronx from the 1930s to the 1960s</i> (2016) - Co-written with Bob Gumbs</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_D._Naison&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fordham.edu/info/20762/faculty/6418/mark_naison">"Mark Naison"</a>. <i>Fordham University History Department</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fordham+University+History+Department&rft.atitle=Mark+Naison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fordham.edu%2Finfo%2F20762%2Ffaculty%2F6418%2Fmark_naison&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+D.+Naison" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Naison p.1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Naison p.1-32</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Naison p.38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Racial_Equality" title="Congress of Racial Equality">Congress of Racial Equality</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Naison p.42</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pekar p.59</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Naison p. 69</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Naison p.70</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"New York Times", Feb 29, 1968 pg. 44</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Naison p 88-95</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Naison p.88-95</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Naison p.106-128</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Naison p.142-143</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fordham.edu-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fordham.edu_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fordham.edu/academics/programs_at_fordham_/history_department/faculty/mark_naison_70075.asp">"Fordham online information | Academics | Academic Departments | History"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fordham+online+information+%26%23124%3B+Academics+%26%23124%3B+Academic+Departments+%26%23124%3B+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fordham.edu%2Facademics%2Fprograms_at_fordham_%2Fhistory_department%2Ffaculty%2Fmark_naison_70075.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+D.+Naison" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNaison" class="citation web cs1">Naison, Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laprogressive.com/author/mark-naison">"Mark Naison LA Progressive Author"</a>. <i>LA Progressive</i>. Sharon Kyle<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LA+Progressive&rft.atitle=Mark+Naison+LA+Progressive+Author&rft.aulast=Naison&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.laprogressive.com%2Fauthor%2Fmark-naison&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+D.+Naison" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laprogressive.com/teach-america/">"Why Teach For America Is Not Welcome in My Classroom"</a>. <i>LA Progressive</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LA+Progressive&rft.atitle=Why+Teach+For+America+Is+Not+Welcome+in+My+Classroom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.laprogressive.com%2Fteach-america%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+D.+Naison" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MotherJones2014-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MotherJones2014_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurphy2014" class="citation web cs1">Murphy, Tim (September–October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2014/09/common-core-education-reform-backlash-obamacare">"Inside the Mammoth Backlash to Common Core"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Mother_Jones_(magazine)" title="Mother Jones (magazine)">Mother Jones</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-09-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mother+Jones&rft.atitle=Inside+the+Mammoth+Backlash+to+Common+Core&rft.date=2014-09%2F2014-10&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motherjones.com%2Fpolitics%2F2014%2F09%2Fcommon-core-education-reform-backlash-obamacare&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+D.+Naison" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_D._Naison&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Mark D. Naison, "White Boy, A Memoir," (Philadelphia: <a href="/wiki/Temple_University_Press" title="Temple University Press">Temple University Press</a>, 2002)</li> <li>Harvey Pekar, "Students for a Democratic Society, A Graphic History," (New York: Hill and Wang, 2008)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080905090036/http://www.fordham.edu/history/faculty/naison.shtml">https://web.archive.org/web/20080905090036/http://www.fordham.edu/history/faculty/naison.shtml</a></li> <li>"New York Times" February 29, 1968, p. 44</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_D._Naison&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fRN7oZPmZRM">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fRN7oZPmZRM</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.temple.edu/tempress/authors/1532_qa.html">http://www.temple.edu/tempress/authors/1532_qa.html</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.temple.edu/tempress/titles/1532_reg.html">http://www.temple.edu/tempress/titles/1532_reg.html</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051102010918/http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_38/b3951151.htm">[1]</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://scholar.library.miami.edu/sixties/videos.php?seriesTitle=Civil+Rights+Movement&category=Civil+Rights+Movement">http://scholar.library.miami.edu/sixties/videos.php?seriesTitle=Civil+Rights+Movement&category=Civil+Rights+Movement</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://withabrooklynaccent.blogspot.com/">Mark Naison's blog</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fordham.edu/academics/programs_at_fordham_/history_department/faculty/mark_naison_70075.asp">Mark Naison's Fordham University faculty page</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Weather_Underground" title="Template:Weather Underground"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Weather_Underground" title="Template talk:Weather Underground"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Weather_Underground" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Weather Underground"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Weather_Underground" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Weather_Underground" title="Weather Underground">Weather Underground</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_United_States_involvement_in_the_Vietnam_War" title="Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War">Anti-Vietnam War movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">Counterculture of the 1960s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Left" title="New Left">New Left</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Communist_movement" title="New Communist movement">New Communist movement</a>· <a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Maoism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Students_for_a_Democratic_Society" title="Students for a Democratic Society">Students for a Democratic Society</a> (<a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Youth_Movement" title="Revolutionary Youth Movement">Revolutionary Youth Movement</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1968 Democratic National Convention">1968 Democratic National Convention</a> (<a href="/wiki/1968_Democratic_National_Convention_protest_activity" class="mw-redirect" title="1968 Democratic National Convention protest activity">riots</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint_War_Council" title="Flint War Council">Flint War Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_terrorism_in_the_United_States" title="Domestic terrorism in the United States">Domestic terrorism in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Brigade_of_Weather_Underground" title="Women's Brigade of Weather Underground">Women's Brigade of Weather Underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle_Weather_Collective" title="Seattle Weather Collective">Seattle Weather Collective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Ten_Most_Wanted_Fugitives,_1970s" title="FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives, 1970s">FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives, 1970s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_pardon_controversy" title="Bill Clinton pardon controversy">Bill Clinton pardon controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Ayers_2008_presidential_election_controversy" title="Bill Ayers 2008 presidential election controversy">Bill Ayers 2008 presidential election controversy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Weatherman_members" title="List of Weatherman members">Members</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Alpert" title="Jane Alpert">Jane Alpert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Ayers" title="Bill Ayers">Bill Ayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kit_Bakke" title="Kit Bakke">Kit Bakke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Berkman" title="Alan Berkman">Alan Berkman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silas_Bissell" title="Silas Bissell">Silas Bissell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathy_Boudin" title="Kathy Boudin">Kathy Boudin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Braley" title="Scott Braley">Scott Braley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Alice_Clark" title="Judith Alice Clark">Judith Alice Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardine_Dohrn" title="Bernardine Dohrn">Bernardine Dohrn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dianne_Donghi" title="Dianne Donghi">Dianne Donghi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Ann_Duke" title="Elizabeth Ann Duke">Elizabeth Ann Duke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Evans_(activist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Linda Evans (activist)">Linda Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Flanagan" title="Brian Flanagan">Brian Flanagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Grathwohl" title="Larry Grathwohl">Larry Grathwohl</a> <small>(informant)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Gilbert_(activist)" title="David Gilbert (activist)">David Gilbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Gold" title="Ted Gold">Ted Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_Hirsch" title="Phoebe Hirsch">Phoebe Hirsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jacobs_(activist)" title="John Jacobs (activist)">John Jacobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naomi_Jaffe" title="Naomi Jaffe">Naomi Jaffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Jones_(activist)" title="Jeff Jones (activist)">Jeff Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Justesen" title="Michael Justesen">Michael Justesen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kazin" title="Michael Kazin">Michael Kazin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharon_Krebs" title="Sharon Krebs">Sharon Krebs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Kurshan" title="Nancy Kurshan">Nancy Kurshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Lippman" title="Roger Lippman">Roger Lippman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Machtinger" title="Howard Machtinger">Howard Machtinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Mann" title="Eric Mann">Eric Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Melville" title="Sam Melville">Sam Melville</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mark D. Naison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Oughton" title="Diana Oughton">Diana Oughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Palmer" title="Robin Palmer">Robin Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Raskin" title="Eleanor Raskin">Eleanor Raskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah_Raskin" title="Jonah Raskin">Jonah Raskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Robbins" title="Terry Robbins">Terry Robbins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Rosenberg" title="Susan Rosenberg">Susan Rosenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Roth_(activist)" title="Robert Roth (activist)">Robert Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Rudd" title="Mark Rudd">Mark Rudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Steen" title="Matthew Steen">Matthew Steen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Stern" title="Susan Stern">Susan Stern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Whitehorn" title="Laura Whitehorn">Laura Whitehorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathlyn_Platt_Wilkerson" title="Cathlyn Platt Wilkerson">Cathlyn Platt Wilkerson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Weatherman_actions" title="List of Weatherman actions">Attacks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Days_of_Rage" title="Days of Rage">Days of Rage</a> (<a href="/wiki/Weather_High_School_Jailbreaks" title="Weather High School Jailbreaks">Weather High School Jailbreaks</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Village_townhouse_explosion" title="Greenwich Village townhouse explosion">Greenwich Village townhouse explosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_Association_of_the_United_States" title="National Guard Association of the United States">Bombing of the National Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">Bombing of the Presidio of San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_America" title="Bank of America">Bombing of the Bank of America HQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Leary" title="Timothy Leary">Timothy Leary</a> escape from <a href="/wiki/California_Men%27s_Colony" title="California Men's Colony">California Men's Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marin_County_Civic_Center_attacks" title="Marin County Civic Center attacks">Bombing of Marin County Courthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_and_the_Vietnam_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard University and the Vietnam War">Bombing at Harvard University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol" title="United States Capitol">Bombing of the United States Capitol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Corrections_and_Rehabilitation" title="California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation">Bombings of the Office of California Prisons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Department_of_Corrections_and_Community_Supervision" title="New York State Department of Corrections and Community Supervision">Bombing of the New York Department of Corrections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pentagon" title="The Pentagon">Bombing of the Pentagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Brink%27s_robbery" title="1981 Brink's robbery">Brink's robbery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_United_States_Senate_bombing" title="1983 United States Senate bombing">1983 United States Senate bombing</a> (<a href="/wiki/Resistance_Conspiracy_case" title="Resistance Conspiracy case">Resistance Conspiracy case</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Derivatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prairie_Fire_Organizing_Committee" title="Prairie Fire Organizing Committee">Prairie Fire Organizing Committee</a> (<a href="/wiki/May_19th_Communist_Organization" title="May 19th Communist Organization">May 19th Communist Organization</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seattle_Liberation_Front" title="Seattle Liberation Front">Seattle Liberation Front</a> (<a href="/wiki/Michael_Lerner_(rabbi)" title="Michael Lerner (rabbi)">Michael Lerner</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Weather_Underground_(film)" title="The Weather Underground (film)">The Weather Underground</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Katherine_(film)" title="Katherine (film)">Katherine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Underground_(1976_film)" title="Underground (1976 film)">Underground</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Company_You_Keep_(film)" title="The Company You Keep (film)">The Company You Keep</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Pastoral_(film)" title="American Pastoral (film)">American Pastoral</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Osawatomie_(periodical)" title="Osawatomie (periodical)">Osawatomie</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mother_Right_and_the_WUO" title="Mother Right and the WUO">Mother Right</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fugitive_Days" title="Fugitive Days">Fugitive Days</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Anarchist_(play)" title="The Anarchist (play)">The Anarchist</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Free_Press" title="Columbus Free Press">Columbus Free Press</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protests_of_1968" title="Protests of 1968">Protests of 1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_terrorism" title="Communist terrorism">Communist terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yippies" class="mw-redirect" title="Yippies">Yippies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Coalition_(Fred_Hampton)" title="Rainbow Coalition (Fred Hampton)">Rainbow Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Brown_Anti-Klan_Committee" title="John Brown Anti-Klan Committee">John Brown Anti-Klan Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Klonsky" title="Michael Klonsky">Michael Klonsky</a> and <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_(United_States)" title="Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist) (United States)">Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tate%E2%80%93LaBianca_murders" title="Tate–LaBianca murders">Tate–LaBianca murders</a> (<a href="/wiki/Charles_Manson" title="Charles Manson">Charles Manson</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attica_Prison_riot" title="Attica Prison riot">Attica Prison riot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Subterranean_Homesick_Blues" title="Subterranean Homesick Blues">Subterranean Homesick Blues</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Power_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Power movement">Black Power movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_left" title="Jewish left">Jewish left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_activism" title="Student activism">Student activism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_privilege" title="White privilege">White privilege theory</a> (<a href="/wiki/Critical_race_theory" title="Critical race theory">Critical race theory</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/COINTELPRO" title="COINTELPRO">COINTELPRO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/24px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/16px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/24px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Terrorism" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Terrorism">WikiProject</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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