General Dentistry

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id="Top_T27E3FDF4001_Col00" class="sf_colsIn page-heading" data-sf-element="Div" data-placeholder-label="Page Heading"><div id="Top_T27E3FDF4002_Col00" class="sf_colsIn container" data-sf-element="Container" data-placeholder-label="Container"><div class="row" data-sf-element="Row"> <div id="Top_T27E3FDF4003_Col00" class="sf_colsIn col-sm-6" data-sf-element="Column 1" data-placeholder-label="Page Heading Column 1"> <div class="sf-contentblock clearfix"> <p><span class="orange">General </span>Dentistry </p> </div></div> <div id="Top_T27E3FDF4003_Col01" class="sf_colsIn col-sm-6" data-sf-element="Column 2" data-placeholder-label="Page Heading Column 2"></div> </div> </div></div></section> <main id="site-main" class="main" tabindex="-1" role="main"> <div id="Main_T27E3FDF4007_Col00" class="sf_colsIn main-content-wrapper" data-sf-element="Div" data-placeholder-label="Main Content Wrapper"><div id="Main_T27E3FDF4008_Col00" class="sf_colsIn container page-tools-container" data-sf-element="Container" data-placeholder-label="Container"><div class="row" data-sf-element="Row"> <div id="Main_T27E3FDF4009_Col00" class="sf_colsIn col-md-8" data-sf-element="Column 1" data-placeholder-label="Column 1"><div> <ul class="sf-breadscrumb breadcrumb"> <li><a href="/">Home </a></li> <li class="active">General Dentistry</li> </ul> </div></div> <div id="Main_T27E3FDF4009_Col01" class="sf_colsIn col-md-4" data-sf-element="Column 2" data-placeholder-label="Column 2"> <div class="sf-contentblock clearfix"> <div class="page-tools"><div class="addthis_toolbox addthis_default_style addthis_32x32_style"><a class="addthis_button_facebook" href="#" title="Facebook"></a><a class="addthis_button_twitter" href="#" target="_blank" title="Twitter"></a><a class="addthis_button_print" href="#" target="_blank" title="Print"></a><a class="addthis_button_skype" href="#" target="_blank" title="skype"></a><a class="addthis_button_compact" href="#"></a><div class="atclear" tabindex="0"></div></div></div> </div></div> </div> </div><div id="Main_T27E3FDF4004_Col00" class="sf_colsIn container" data-sf-element="Container" data-placeholder-label="Main Content Container"><div class="row" data-sf-element="Row"> <div id="Main_T27E3FDF4005_Col00" class="sf_colsIn col-md-7" data-sf-element="Column 1" data-placeholder-label="Main Content"> <div class="sf-contentblock clearfix"> <p><span data-sfref="[images|OpenAccessDataProvider]548e6729-a27e-4c37-8ed5-c3c169db5f6b" class="sf-Image-wrapper"><img src="/images/default-source/publication-images/gd_810x250_2020.jpg?sfvrsn=5a6a51d4_0" alt="GD_810x250_2020" title="GD_810x250_2020" data-displaymode="Original" /></span></p><p><em>General Dentistry</em> is the award-winning, peer-reviewed journal of the Academy of General Dentistry. Published bimonthly,<em> General Dentistry</em> features clinical articles spanning the breadth of topics relevant to general dentists, including unique diagnostic case reports, novel solutions to common treatment dilemmas, evidence-based best practices, and the science to help you choose the best materials, technology and procedures for your patients and your practice.<br /><br /><br /></p> </div> <div class="expandable-list"> <div class="sf-list sf-list--expandable clearfix" data-sf-role="lists"> <div class="pull-right"> <a data-sf-role="expandAll" style="cursor: pointer;">Expand All</a> <a class="pull-right" data-sf-role="collapseAll" style="display:none; cursor: pointer;">Collapse All</a> </div> <div class="sf-list-item"> <div> <a data-sf-role="toggleLink" class="sf-list-content-toggle"><span class="text-muted glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right">Self-Instruction</span></a> <div class="sf-list-content" style="display:none;"> <div class="clearfix">AGD’s Self-Instruction program is broadening to include exercises based on <em>AGD Impact</em> articles. These exercises are designed to easily fit into your busy learning schedule. Each <em>AGD Impact</em> exercise contains 10 questions and is worth one CE credit. Choose a learning experience that works best for you, and tailor your learning experience to fit your unique needs. <em>AGD Impact</em> Self-Instruction exercises will provide education on subjects rarely offered in the past. Because <em>AGD Impact</em> aims to keep readers up to date on the latest developments in the world of dentistry, exercises will cover topics from practice management to substance abuse. Check out the latest <a href="https://www.agd.org/education/learn/self-instruction">learning opportunities</a>.</div> </div> </div> <div> <a data-sf-role="toggleLink" class="sf-list-content-toggle"><span class="text-muted glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right">Information on Reprints</span></a> <div class="sf-list-content" style="display:none;"> <div class="clearfix">Article reprints and electronic reprints (ePrints) are a powerful way to present general dentists with information about your products and services. AGD reprints and ePrints are produced at the highest quality, with options for customization (such as adding the <em>General Dentistry</em> cover, disclaimer text, and company logos). To purchase article reprints and ePrints or to request a quote, contact Sheridan Content Solutions at <a href="mailto:scsreprints@sheridan.com">scsreprints@sheridan.com</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="publication-details"> <h2 class="darkblue">Table of Contents</h2> <section class="content-section"> <h3 class="section-title">Departments</h3> <ul class="article-list list-unstyled"> <li class="article-item"> <h4 class="article-title"> <span>Editorial</span> Creating a professional legacy </h4> <div class="clearfix">Timothy F. Kosinski<br /> <br /> 2025 January/February; 73(1):5.<br /> <br /></div> <a href="https://www.agd.org/docs/default-source/general-dentistry/genden_editorial_jf2025eae32cd98b35459db9fa165d4c2c8a2a.pdf?sfvrsn=77d6696e_0">Full Article (PDF)</a> <br/> </li> <li class="article-item"> <h4 class="article-title"> <span>Implants</span> Tooth replacement from extraction to restoration. 1. Extraction and socket preservation </h4> <div class="clearfix">Marcus Cowan<br /> <br /> 2025 January/February; 73(1):6-9.<br /> <br /></div> <a href="https://www.agd.org/docs/default-source/general-dentistry/genden_implants_jf202567afa7380dde478388232c8808fdde89.pdf?sfvrsn=4671e032_0">Full Article (PDF)</a> <br/> </li> <li class="article-item"> <h4 class="article-title"> <span>Pharmacology</span> Three key reasons to add local anesthetic buffering to your clinical practice </h4> <div class="clearfix">Jason H. Goodchild<br /> Mark Donaldson<br /> <br /> 2025 January/February; 73(1):10-13.<br /> <br /></div> <a href="https://www.agd.org/docs/default-source/general-dentistry/genden_pharmacology_jf2025b176cf1ac3874b20954c85f9e0e9d9b1.pdf?sfvrsn=f7f1848b_0">Full Article (PDF)</a> <br/> </li> <li class="article-item"> <h4 class="article-title"> <span>Prosthodontics</span> Prevention of common issues with overdentures and all-on-X hybrids: lessons learned from 30 years of implant prosthetics, part 2 </h4> <div class="clearfix">Samuel M. Strong<br /> <br /> 2025 January/February; 73(1):14-17.<br /> <br /></div> <a href="https://www.agd.org/docs/default-source/general-dentistry/geenden_prosthodontics_jf202520f2785dca664018bd5346067f761a2a.pdf?sfvrsn=ac94386f_0">Full Article (PDF)</a> <br/> </li> <li class="article-item"> <h4 class="article-title"> <span>Oral Diagnosis</span> Multiple radiolucencies and Altered condylar morphology </h4> <div class="clearfix">Galal Omami<br /> <br /> 2025 January/February; 73(1):78,80.<br /> <br /></div> <a href="https://www.agd.org/docs/default-source/general-dentistry/genden_oral-diagnosis_jf2025.pdf?sfvrsn=1f58d4c6_0">Full Article (PDF)</a> <br/> </li> <li class="article-item"> <h4 class="article-title"> <span>Self-Instruction Answers </span> Exercises No. GD521, GD522, and GD523 from the January/February 2024 issue </h4> <div class="clearfix">2025 January/February; 73(1):79.<br /> <br /></div> <a href="https://www.agd.org/docs/default-source/general-dentistry/genden_si-answers_jf2025.pdf?sfvrsn=7d1e0b4a_0">Full Article (PDF)</a> <br/> </li> </ul> </section> <section class="content-section"> <h3 class="section-title">Clinical Articles</h3> <ul class="article-list list-unstyled"> <li class="article-item"> <span class="instruction-tag">SELF-INSTRUCTION</span> <h4 class="article-title"> <span>Esthetics/Cosmetic Dentistry</span> Esthetic treatment of molar-incisor hypomineralization with a combination of minimally invasive and restorative procedures: a case report </h4> <div class="clearfix">Carolina Alves Andrade<br /> Danielle Lieda Cunha Fróes<br /> Flávia Barroso Castelani<br /> Adriana de Oliveira Silva<br /> Márcio Grama Hoeppner<br /> Eloísa Helena Aranda Garcia de Souza<br /> <br /> A woman with molar-incisor hypomineralization was treated with a protocol involving dental bleaching, resin infiltration, and composite resin restoration. The combination proved to be effective, with resin infiltration showing promising esthetic and functional results, and the patient reporting satisfaction with the treatment.<br /> <br /> 2025 January/February; 73(1):18-22.<br /> <br /></div> <a href="https://www.agd.org/docs/default-source/general-dentistry/genden_andrade_jf2025a7c8d2a4203e43748f014235d383df88.pdf?sfvrsn=c5f69158_0">Full Article (PDF)</a> <br/> <a href="https://agdonlinelearningcenter.org/topclass/topclass.do?expand-UserWelcome" target="_blank">Self-Instruction Exercise No. GD539</a> </li> <li class="article-item"> <span class="instruction-tag">SELF-INSTRUCTION</span> <h4 class="article-title"> <span>Oral Medicine, Oral Diagnosis, Oral Pathology</span> Multimodal management of a persistent labial hemangioma: a case report </h4> <div class="clearfix">Ivan José Correia-Neto<br /> Diego Tetzner Fernandes<br /> Sebastião Silvério Sousa-Neto<br /> Isabel Schausltz Pereira Faustino<br /> Pablo Agustin Vargas<br /> Alan Roger Santos-Silva<br /> Márcio Ajudarte Lopes<br /> <br /> Treatment of labial hemangiomas, which are benign vascular tumors, may be challenging for functional and esthetic reasons. A labial hemangioma in a 12-year-old boy did not initially respond to sclerotherapy, but multimodal treatment with arteriography, percutaneous embolization, and esthetic surgery provided excellent esthetic results.<br /> <br /> 2025 January/February; 73(1):24-28.<br /> <br /></div> <a href="https://www.agd.org/docs/default-source/general-dentistry/genden_lopes_jf202580858f5a6bba420e91d42e064c609570.pdf?sfvrsn=c53fcd24_0">Full Article (PDF)</a> <br/> <a href="https://agdonlinelearningcenter.org/topclass/topclass.do?expand-UserWelcome" target="_blank">Self-Instruction Exercise No. GD540</a> </li> <li class="article-item"> <span class="instruction-tag">SELF-INSTRUCTION</span> <h4 class="article-title"> <span>Oral Medicine, Oral Diagnosis, Oral Pathology</span> Hyperpigmentation of the oral mucosa caused by dietary beta carotene: a case report </h4> <div class="clearfix">John K. Brooks<br /> Jennifer H. Kim<br /> Daniel B. Mazza<br /> Ahmed S. Sultan<br /> <br /> This article details the case of a patient presenting with yellow discoloration of the floor of the mouth and yellow pigmentation of the soft palatal mucosa due to a beta carotene–rich diet. Attending clinicians should seek clinicopathologic correlations of yellow mucocutaneous discoloration, most notably jaundice associated with hepatitis.<br /> <br /> 2025 January/February; 73(1):30-33.<br /> <br /></div> <a href="https://www.agd.org/docs/default-source/general-dentistry/genden_brooks_jf20250049574de4294f14b554a0cb104de716.pdf?sfvrsn=4460184f_0">Full Article (PDF)</a> <br/> <a href="https://agdonlinelearningcenter.org/topclass/topclass.do?expand-UserWelcome" target="_blank">Self-Instruction Exercise No. GD541</a> </li> <li class="article-item"> <h4 class="article-title"> <span>Restorative Dentistry</span> Coronal microleakage of endodontic access restorations in zirconia crowns </h4> <div class="clearfix">Kyle W. Ragsdale<br /> Richard S. Adcook<br /> Andrew J. Avillo<br /> Krystal H. Burns<br /> Marina Hernandez-Feldpausch<br /> Jennifer C. Steigerwald<br /> Jayson H. Huber<br /> Nicholas J. Hamlin<br /> Noel E. Dickens<br /> Jeffrey J. Kim<br /> <br /> The purpose of this in vitro study was to quantify and compare the quality of the marginal seal when different materials and bonding techniques were used to restore endodontic access cavities in zirconia cylinders. Glass ionomer cement provided inferior microleakage prevention. Direct composite resin restorations and zirconia inlays offered favorable results, and aluminum oxide air abrasion of the zirconia surfaces showed the potential to enhance marginal seal.<br /> <br /> 2025 January/February; 73(1):36-43.<br /> <br /></div> <a href="https://www.agd.org/docs/default-source/general-dentistry/genden_kim_jf2025.pdf?sfvrsn=16397595_0">Full Article (PDF)</a> <br/> </li> <li class="article-item"> <h4 class="article-title"> <span>Basic Science</span> Thermal effects caused by the association of hybrid light and incorporation of titanium dioxide into 37% carbamide peroxide for dental bleaching </h4> <div class="clearfix">Isabelle Silveira Fonseca <br /> Rafaela de Almeida Guedes <br /> Natália Russo Carlos <br /> Cecilia Pedroso Turssi <br /> Fabiana Mantovani Gomes França <br /> Waldemir Francisco Vieira-Junior <br /> Kamila Rosamilia Kantovitz <br /> Erika Soares Bronze-Uhle<br /> Paulo Noronha Lisboa Filho <br /> Roberta Tarkany Basting<br /> <br /> Intrapulpal and buccal temperatures were measured during in-office bleaching with carbamide peroxide prepared with or without titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) and applied with or without activation by a hybrid light. Activation with the hybrid light significantly increased buccal and intrapulpal temperatures during bleaching, particularly when carbamide peroxide was combined with TiO<sub>2</sub>, and these changes could exceed the 5.5°C limit for safe temperature increases.  <br /> <br /> 2025 January/February; 73(1):44-50.<br /> <br /></div> <a href="https://www.agd.org/docs/default-source/general-dentistry/genden_basting_jf2025.pdf?sfvrsn=6c57d68d_0">Full Article (PDF)</a> <br/> </li> <li class="article-item"> <h4 class="article-title"> <span>Esthetics/Cosmetic Dentistry</span> Esthetic planning for the correction of dental morphology: a case report </h4> <div class="clearfix">Jefferson Pires da Silva Júnior <br /> Renata Cristófori Vilas Bôas<br /> Rafael Pinto de Mendonça<br /> Cauã Santiago Figueiredo<br /> Letícia de Miguel Nazario<br /> Eduardo Bresciani<br /> Sérgio Eduardo de Paiva Gonçalves<br /> <br /> This report describes a case of composite resin recontouring to correct the morphology of the anterior teeth through the closure of diastemas. Minimal strategic contouring with composite resin proved to be a viable and conservative solution to close interdental spaces, restoring the smile harmony without dental overcontouring, thereby contributing to the health of periodontal tissues.<br /> <br /> 2025 January/February; 73(1):51-55.<br /> <br /></div> <a href="https://www.agd.org/docs/default-source/general-dentistry/genden_silvajunior_jf2025.pdf?sfvrsn=49c1cc79_0">Full Article (PDF)</a> <br/> </li> <li class="article-item"> <h4 class="article-title"> <span>Pediatric Dentistry</span> Minimal intervention dentistry approach to treatment of a tense-cooperative child with trauma-related enamel hypoplasia </h4> <div class="clearfix">Layla dos Reis Amaral<br /> Michele Machado Lenzi<br /> Vera Campos<br /> Mirian de Waele Souchois de Marsillac<br /> <br /> This case report describes a minimal intervention approach for treating a tense-cooperative 7-year-old boy with a hypoplastic enamel defect in an incisor as a result of a traumatic dental injury to its predecessor. A temporary restoration was placed due to the child’s behavior and the eruption stage of the tooth. The procedure was performed without local anesthetic, utilizing a resin-modified glass ionomer cement and cotton roll isolation. This patient-friendly approach resulted in a satisfactory temporary restoration.<br /> <br /> 2025 January/February; 73(1):57-61.<br /> <br /></div> <a href="https://www.agd.org/docs/default-source/general-dentistry/genden_demarsillac_jf2025.pdf?sfvrsn=78926155_0">Full Article (PDF)</a> <br/> </li> <li class="article-item"> <h4 class="article-title"> <span>Basic Science</span> Validation of oblique line contrast (W-index) for osteoporosis risk screening in panoramic radiographs using peripheral dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry </h4> <div class="clearfix">Luciana Munhoz<br /> Vanderlei César Brandão Junior<br /> Alan Grupioni Lourenço<br /> Emiko Saito Arita<br /> Plauto Christopher Aranha Watanabe<br /> <br /> The objective of this study was to validate the usefulness of the W-index (WI) for screening patients at risk of osteoporosis by correlating WI results with those obtained from peripheral dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The results indicated a significant but negligible correlation between the methods. The WI values were able to differentiate patients with normal bone mineral density or osteopenia from patients with osteoporosis, suggesting that the WI is an easy, convenient osteoporosis screening tool.<br /> <br /> 2025 January/February; 73(1):62-66.<br /> <br /></div> <a href="https://www.agd.org/docs/default-source/general-dentistry/genden_munhoz_jf2025.pdf?sfvrsn=e88ad2ce_0">Full Article (PDF)</a> <br/> </li> <li class="article-item"> <h4 class="article-title"> <span>Pediatric Dentistry</span> Impact of mouth breathing on physical proficiency in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study using the 6-minute walk test </h4> <div class="clearfix">Harpreet Singh<br /> Bikky Kumar Sharma<br /> Raj Kumar Maurya<br /> Poonam Sharma<br /> Pranav Kapoor<br /> Mansi Atri<br /> <br /> This study used the 6-minute walk test to assess physical proficiency in children and adolescents with a diagnosis of mouth breathing (MB) versus those who demonstrated nasal breathing (NB). Testing revealed that MB had a significant negative impact on male patients. While female MB patients showed a clinical reduction in measures of physical proficiency compared with female NB patients, the differences were not statistically significant.<br /> <br /> 2025 January/February; 73(1):68-76.<br /> <br /></div> <a href="https://www.agd.org/docs/default-source/general-dentistry/genden_maurya_jf2025.pdf?sfvrsn=49eb833_0">Full Article (PDF)</a> <br/> </li> </ul> </section> </div></div> <div id="Main_T27E3FDF4005_Col01" class="sf_colsIn col-md-5" data-sf-element="Column 2" data-placeholder-label="Rail Content"> <div class="publication current-issue"> <header> <h2 class="title">Current Issue</h2> </header> <div class="content"> <div class="media"><a href="https://www.agd.org/general-dentistry-online" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.agd.org/images/default-source/publication-images/general-dentistry/cover-2.png?sfvrsn=502be7e1_0" alt="Cover-2"/></a></div> <h3 class="title">January/February 2025</h3> <div><a href="https://www.agd.org/general-dentistry-online" target="_blank">Online Edition</a></div> <div><a href="https://www.agd.org/docs/default-source/general-dentistry/book-janfeb_genden25p_notipon.pdf?sfvrsn=3cdcacee_0" target="_blank">PDF (full issue)</a></div> <div><a href="/about-agd/publications-news/general-dentistry/general-dentistry-archives">General Dentistry Archive</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="callouts callout-banner-listing"> <div class="callout-banner"> <h3 class="title orange">Information for Authors </h3> <div class="callout-banner-content"> <div class="content"> <div class="clearfix"><p><em>General Dentistry</em> welcomes the submission of original clinical manuscripts through its <a href="https://mc04.manuscriptcentral.com/gendent" target="_blank">ScholarOne portal</a>. 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