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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perioade_istorice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perioade_istorice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Perioade istorice</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Perioade_istorice-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Perioade istorice subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Perioade_istorice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Perioada_Confederației_Germane_de_Nord_(1867-1871)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perioada_Confederației_Germane_de_Nord_(1867-1871)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Perioada Confederației Germane de Nord (1867-1871)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perioada_Confederației_Germane_de_Nord_(1867-1871)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perioada_Imperiului_German_(1871-1918)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perioada_Imperiului_German_(1871-1918)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Perioada Imperiului German (1871-1918)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perioada_Imperiului_German_(1871-1918)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perioada_Republicii_de_la_Weimar_(1919-1933)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perioada_Republicii_de_la_Weimar_(1919-1933)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Perioada Republicii de la Weimar (1919-1933)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perioada_Republicii_de_la_Weimar_(1919-1933)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perioada_nazistă_(1933-1945)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perioada_nazistă_(1933-1945)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Perioada nazistă (1933-1945)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perioada_nazistă_(1933-1945)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Germania_sub_ocupație_(1945-1949)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Germania_sub_ocupație_(1945-1949)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Germania sub ocupație (1945-1949)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Germania_sub_ocupație_(1945-1949)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perioada_Bundesrepublik_Deutschland_(din_1949)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perioada_Bundesrepublik_Deutschland_(din_1949)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Perioada Bundesrepublik Deutschland (din 1949)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perioada_Bundesrepublik_Deutschland_(din_1949)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referințe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referințe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referințe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referințe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vezi_și" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vezi_și"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vezi și</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vezi_și-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bibliografie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Bibliografie subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articole" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articole"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Articole</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articole-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cancelar federal al Germaniei</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 68 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-68" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">68 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canceller_d%27Alemanya" title="Canceller d'Alemanya – aragoneză" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Canceller d'Alemanya" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="مستشار ألمانيا – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مستشار ألمانيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="مستشار المانيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مستشار المانيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canciller_d%27Alema%C3%B1a" title="Canciller d'Alemaña – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Canciller d'Alemaña" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Германиялъул канцлер – avară" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Германиялъул канцлер" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanselir_Jerman" title="Kanselir Jerman – balineză" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kanselir Jerman" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Канцлер на Германия – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Канцлер на Германия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%B0" title="জার্মানির চ্যান্সেলর – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জার্মানির চ্যান্সেলর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka%C3%B1seller_Alamagn" title="Kañseller Alamagn – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kañseller Alamagn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_kancelar" title="Njemački kancelar – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Njemački kancelar" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canceller_d%27Alemanya" title="Canceller d'Alemanya – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Canceller d'Alemanya" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8E%DA%98%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%DA%B5%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ڕاوێژکاری ئەڵمانیا – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕاوێژکاری ئەڵمانیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%9Bmeck%C3%BD_kancl%C3%A9%C5%99" title="Německý kancléř – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Německý kancléř" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canghellor_yr_Almaen" title="Canghellor yr Almaen – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Canghellor yr Almaen" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanzler_von_Deutschland" title="Kanzler von Deutschland – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kanzler von Deutschland" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Καγκελάριος της Γερμανίας – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καγκελάριος της Γερμανίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Chancellor of Germany" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanceliero_de_Germanio" title="Kanceliero de Germanio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kanceliero de Germanio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canciller_de_Alemania" title="Canciller de Alemania – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Canciller de Alemania" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksamaa_liidukantsler" title="Saksamaa liidukantsler – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Saksamaa liidukantsler" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemaniako_kantziler" title="Alemaniako kantziler – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alemaniako kantziler" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85_%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="صدراعظم آلمان – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="صدراعظم آلمان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksan_liittokansleri" title="Saksan liittokansleri – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Saksan liittokansleri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chancelier_de_l%27Allemagne" title="Chancelier de l'Allemagne – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chancelier de l'Allemagne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanceler_de_Alema%C3%B1a" title="Chanceler de Alemaña – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Chanceler de Alemaña" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canciller_Alem%C3%A1%C3%B1a_megua" title="Canciller Alemáña megua – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Canciller Alemáña megua" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shansyleyr_y_Ghermaan" title="Shansyleyr y Ghermaan – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Shansyleyr y Ghermaan" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%9C%D7%A8_%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94" title="קנצלר גרמניה – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קנצלר גרמניה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_kancelar" title="Njemački kancelar – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Njemački kancelar" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9metorsz%C3%A1g_kancell%C3%A1rja" title="Németország kancellárja – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Németország kancellárja" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanselir_Jerman" title="Kanselir Jerman – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kanselir Jerman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanslari_%C3%9E%C3%BDskalands" title="Kanslari Þýskalands – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kanslari Þýskalands" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%80%A3%E9%82%A6%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8_(%E3%83%89%E3%82%A4%E3%83%84)" title="連邦首相 (ドイツ) – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="連邦首相 (ドイツ)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="გერმანიის ფედერალური კანცლერი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გერმანიის ფედერალური კანცლერი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC%EC%9D%98_%EC%B4%9D%EB%A6%AC" title="독일의 총리 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="독일의 총리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eansolyey%C3%AA_Almanyay%C3%AA" title="Şansolyeyê Almanyayê – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şansolyeyê Almanyayê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%81cijas_kanclers" title="Vācijas kanclers – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vācijas kanclers" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Канцелар на Германија – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Канцелар на Германија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%BC" title="ജർമൻ ചാൻസലർ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജർമൻ ചാൻസലർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80_(%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD)" title="Холбооны канцлер (Герман) – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Холбооны канцлер (Герман)" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canselor_Jerman" title="Canselor Jerman – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Canselor Jerman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kan%C4%8Billier_tal-%C4%A0ermanja" title="Kanċillier tal-Ġermanja – malteză" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Kanċillier tal-Ġermanja" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="malteză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B0" title="जर्मनीको चान्सलर – nepaleză" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जर्मनीको चान्सलर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyske_kanslarar" title="Tyske kanslarar – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tyske kanslarar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86_%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B1" title="جرمن چانسلر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جرمن چانسلر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanceler_da_Alemanha" title="Chanceler da Alemanha – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Chanceler da Alemanha" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Канцлер Германии – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Канцлер Германии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canzilleri_d%C3%A2_Girmania" title="Canzilleri dâ Girmania – siciliană" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Canzilleri dâ Girmania" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_kancelar" title="Njemački kancelar – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Njemački kancelar" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%99%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%A0%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F" title="ජර්මනියෙහි චාන්සලර්වරයා – singhaleză" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජර්මනියෙහි චාන්සලර්වරයා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singhaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Chancellor of Germany" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kancler_Nem%C4%8Dije" title="Kancler Nemčije – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kancler Nemčije" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kancelar%C3%ABt_e_Gjermanis%C3%AB" title="Kancelarët e Gjermanisë – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kancelarët e Gjermanisë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_(%D0%8A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Канцелар (Њемачка) – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Канцелар (Њемачка)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machansela_wa_Ujerumani" title="Machansela wa Ujerumani – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Machansela wa Ujerumani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="นายกรัฐมนตรีเยอรมนี – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นายกรัฐมนตรีเยอรมนี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansilyer_ng_Alemanya" title="Kansilyer ng Alemanya – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kansilyer ng Alemanya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almanya_%C5%9Fans%C3%B6lyesi" title="Almanya şansölyesi – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Almanya şansölyesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Канцлер Німеччини – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Канцлер Німеччини" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%92_%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B1" title="جرمنی کے چانسلر – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جرمنی کے چانسلر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaniya_kansleri" title="Germaniya kansleri – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Germaniya kansleri" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%A7_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bng_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c" title="Thủ tướng Đức – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thủ tướng Đức" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="რაიხსკანცლერი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რაიხსკანცლერი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%93%D7%99%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93" title="קאנצלער פון דייטשלאנד – idiș" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאנצלער פון דייטשלאנד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="idiș" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A1ns%C3%ADl%E1%BB%8D%CC%80_il%E1%BA%B9%CC%80_J%E1%BA%B9%CC%81m%C3%A1n%C3%AC" title="Kánsílọ̀ ilẹ̀ Jẹ́mánì – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Kánsílọ̀ ilẹ̀ Jẹ́mánì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="德国总理 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="德国总理" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A2n-pang_Si%C3%BA-si%C3%B2ng_(Tek-kok)" title="Liân-pang Siú-siòng (Tek-kok) – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Liân-pang Siú-siòng (Tek-kok)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%90%86" title="德國總理 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="德國總理" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q56022#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Olaf_Scholz_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Olaf_Scholz_2024.jpg/220px-Olaf_Scholz_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Olaf_Scholz_2024.jpg/330px-Olaf_Scholz_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Olaf_Scholz_2024.jpg/440px-Olaf_Scholz_2024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1643" data-file-height="2140" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><b>În funcție<br /><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a>  <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56022#P1308" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></b></div><br /></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Numit de</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Pre%C8%99edintele_Germaniei" title="Președintele Germaniei">Președinte al Germaniei</a>  <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56022#P748" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px ##DCF5DC solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color:var(--color-base, #000); text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;">Modifică <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56022" class="extiw" title="d:Q56022">date</a> / <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&action=edit&section=0">text</a></span> <span title="Consultați documentația formatului"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format:Infocaseta_Func%C8%9Bie_oficial%C4%83" title="Consultați documentația formatului"><img alt="Consultați documentația formatului" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/12px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/18px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/24px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16573438">.mw-parser-output .infocaseta{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:var(--color-base,#000)}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style> <p><b>Cancelarul Germaniei</b> este <a href="/wiki/%C8%98ef_de_guvern" title="Șef de guvern">șeful guvernului</a> <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germaniei</a>. Titlul oficial în <a href="/wiki/Limba_german%C4%83" title="Limba germană">germană</a> este <i>Bundeskanzler(<a href="https://ro.wiktionary.org/wiki/-in#German" class="extiw" title="wikt:-in">in</a>)</i> (<i>cancelar federal</i> în traducere), uneori prescurtat doar la <i>Kanzler(<a href="https://ro.wiktionary.org/wiki/-in#German" class="extiw" title="wikt:-in">in</a>)</i>. Termenul, originar din cuvântul latin <i>cancellarius</i>, datează din <a href="/wiki/Evul_Mediu" title="Evul Mediu">Evul Mediu</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istoric">Istoric</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Istoric" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Istoric"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Funcția de cancelar are o istorie lungă în statele de limbă germană, mergând în timp până la <a href="/wiki/Sf%C3%A2ntul_Imperiu_Roman" title="Sfântul Imperiu Roman">Sfântul Imperiu Roman</a>, când funcția de arhicancelar imperial (<i>Reichserzkanzler</i>) era deținută de <a href="/wiki/Dieceza_de_Mainz" title="Dieceza de Mainz">arhiepiscopul de Mainz</a>, care era totodată unul din cei șapte principi electori. </p><p>Funcția de cancelar federal în sens modern a fost creată în <a href="/wiki/1867" title="1867">1867</a>, odată cu crearea <a href="/wiki/Confedera%C8%9Bia_German%C4%83_de_Nord" title="Confederația Germană de Nord">Confederației de nord germană</a> și preluarea funcției de către <a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">Otto von Bismarck</a>. După <a href="/wiki/Unificarea_Germaniei" title="Unificarea Germaniei">Unificarea Germaniei</a> din <a href="/wiki/1871" title="1871">1871</a>, funcția a fost redenumită <i>Reichskanzler</i>. Trecând prin perioadele următoare, incluzând cele ale <a href="/wiki/Primul_R%C4%83zboi_Mondial" title="Primul Război Mondial">Primului război mondial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republica_de_la_Weimar" title="Republica de la Weimar">Republicii de la Weimar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germania_nazist%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Germania nazistă">Germaniei naziste</a>, și al <a href="/wiki/Al_Doilea_R%C4%83zboi_Mondial" title="Al Doilea Război Mondial">celui de-al doilea război mondial</a>, funcția și-a păstrat numele de <i>Reichskanzler</i>. </p><p>Din 1867, 33 de persoane au fost șefii de guvern din Germania, Germania de Vest sau Germania de Nord, aproape toți cu titlul de cancelar. </p><p>Când naziștii au venit la putere la 30 ianuarie 1933, Constituția de la Weimar a fost <a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a> anulată. După moartea <a href="/wiki/Paul_von_Hindenburg" title="Paul von Hindenburg">președintelui Hindenburg</a> în 1934, <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>, liderul și cancelarul dictatorului de partid, a preluat puterile președintelui. Noul titlu oficial a devenit <i>Führer und Reichskanzler</i> (adică "lider și cancelar al Reich-ului"). </p><p>După crearea <a href="/wiki/Bundesrepublik_Deutschland" class="mw-redirect" title="Bundesrepublik Deutschland">Republicii Federale Germania</a> în <a href="/wiki/1949" title="1949">1949</a>, conform <a href="/wiki/Constitu%C8%9Bia_Germaniei" title="Constituția Germaniei">constituției acesteia</a> (<i>Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland</i>) denumirea funcției a șefului guvernului german a devenit <i>cancelar federal</i> (<i>Bundeskanzler</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perioade_istorice">Perioade istorice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Perioade istorice" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Perioade istorice"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perioada_Confederației_Germane_de_Nord_(1867-1871)"><span id="Perioada_Confedera.C8.9Biei_Germane_de_Nord_.281867-1871.29"></span>Perioada Confederației Germane de Nord (1867-1871)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Perioada Confederației Germane de Nord (1867-1871)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Perioada Confederației Germane de Nord (1867-1871)"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Între 1867 și 1871 funcția de cancelar federal a fost îndeplinită de <a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">Otto von Bismarck</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perioada_Imperiului_German_(1871-1918)"><span id="Perioada_Imperiului_German_.281871-1918.29"></span>Perioada Imperiului German (1871-1918)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Perioada Imperiului German (1871-1918)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Perioada Imperiului German (1871-1918)"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Între 1871 și 1918 funcția de cancelar federal a fost denumită <i>Reichserzkanzler</i> și a fost îndeplinită, în ordine cronologică, deː Otto von Bismarck, <a href="/wiki/Leo_von_Caprivi" title="Leo von Caprivi">Leo von Caprivi</a>, Prințul Chlodwig de Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst, <a href="/wiki/Bernhard_von_B%C3%BClow" title="Bernhard von Bülow">Bernhard von Bülow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theobald_von_Bethmann-Hollweg" class="mw-redirect" title="Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg">Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Michaelis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Michaelis — pagină inexistentă">Georg Michaelis</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_von_Hertling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg von Hertling — pagină inexistentă">Georg von Hertling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prin%C8%9Bul_Maximilian_de_Baden" title="Prințul Maximilian de Baden">Prințul Maximilian de Baden</a> și <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ebert" title="Friedrich Ebert">Friedrich Ebert</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perioada_Republicii_de_la_Weimar_(1919-1933)"><span id="Perioada_Republicii_de_la_Weimar_.281919-1933.29"></span>Perioada Republicii de la Weimar (1919-1933)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Perioada Republicii de la Weimar (1919-1933)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Perioada Republicii de la Weimar (1919-1933)"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Între 1919 și 1933, Weimar Republic a avut mai mulți cancelari, iar titlurile funcției s-au schimbat. Șefii guvernului Republicii de la Weimar au fost <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philipp_Scheidemann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philipp Scheidemann — pagină inexistentă">Philipp Scheidemann</a> (ca <i>Ministru-președinte</i> - <i>Ministerpräsident</i>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustav_Bauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustav Bauer — pagină inexistentă">Gustav Bauer</a> (ca <i>Ministru-președinte</i> și <i>cancelar</i> - <i>kanzler</i>), <a href="/wiki/Hermann_M%C3%BCller" title="Hermann Müller">Hermann Müller</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konstantin_Fehrenbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konstantin Fehrenbach — pagină inexistentă">Konstantin Fehrenbach</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Wirth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Wirth — pagină inexistentă">Joseph Wirth</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Cuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Cuno — pagină inexistentă">Wilhelm Cuno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Stresemann" title="Gustav Stresemann">Gustav Stresemann</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Marx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Marx — pagină inexistentă">Wilhelm Marx</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Luther&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Luther — pagină inexistentă">Hans Luther</a>, din nou Wilhelm Marx, <a href="/wiki/Hermann_M%C3%BCller" title="Hermann Müller">Hermann Müller</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Br%C3%BCning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich Brüning — pagină inexistentă">Heinrich Brüning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franz_von_Papen" title="Franz von Papen">Franz von Papen</a> și <a href="/wiki/Kurt_von_Schleicher" title="Kurt von Schleicher">Kurt von Schleicher</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perioada_nazistă_(1933-1945)"><span id="Perioada_nazist.C4.83_.281933-1945.29"></span>Perioada nazistă (1933-1945)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Perioada nazistă (1933-1945)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Perioada nazistă (1933-1945)"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Adolf_Hitler_Berghof-1936.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Adolf_Hitler_Berghof-1936.jpg/170px-Adolf_Hitler_Berghof-1936.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Adolf_Hitler_Berghof-1936.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="227" data-file-height="328" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>, cancelar între 1933 și 1945</figcaption></figure> <p>După câștigarea alegerilor pentru <a href="/wiki/Reichstag" class="mw-disambig" title="Reichstag">Reichstag</a>, la 30 ianuarie 1933, <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> a devenit cancelar sub titlul de Reichskanzler. După preluarea mandatului, Hitler a început imediat să acumuleze putere și să schimbe natura funcției cancelarului. După numai două luni în funcție și după <a href="/wiki/Incendierea_Reichstagului" title="Incendierea Reichstagului">arderea clădirii</a> <a href="/wiki/Cl%C4%83direa_Reichstagului" title="Clădirea Reichstagului">Reichstag</a>, Parlamentul a adoptat Legea de împuternicire, care oferea Cancelarului puteri legislative depline pentru o perioadă de patru ani - cancelarul putea introduce orice lege fără consultarea Parlamentului. Puterile cancelarului au continuat să crească până în august 1934, când președintele în exercițiu Paul von Hindenburg a murit. Hitler a folosit Actul de împuternicire pentru a îmbina biroul cancelarului cu cel al președintelui pentru a crea un nou birou, "liderul". Deși birourile au fost fuzionate, Hitler a continuat să fie abordat ca "Conducător și cancelar", indicând că șeful statului și șeful guvernului erau încă poziții separate, deși deținute de același om. </p><p>După sinuciderea sa (la 30 aprilie 1945) a fost urmat de <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Goebbels" title="Joseph Goebbels">Joseph Goebbels</a> (pentru doar două zile, 30 aprilie și 1 mai 1945) și de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutz_Graf_Schwerin_von_Krosigk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk — pagină inexistentă">Contele Schwerin von Krosigk</a> (pentru 23 de zile, de la 1 mai la 23 mai 1945). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Germania_sub_ocupație_(1945-1949)"><span id="Germania_sub_ocupa.C8.9Bie_.281945-1949.29"></span>Germania sub ocupație (1945-1949)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Germania sub ocupație (1945-1949)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Germania sub ocupație (1945-1949)"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În perioada celor patru ani de la terminarea războiului, ca urmare a <a href="/wiki/Conferin%C8%9Ba_de_la_Potsdam" title="Conferința de la Potsdam">Conferinței de la Potsdam</a>, Germania și <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlinul</a> au fost divizate de cele patru puteri învingătoare aliate (pe scurt <i>Aliații</i>), <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Statele Unite ale Americii">Statele Unite ale Americii</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marea_Britanie" title="Marea Britanie">Marea Britanie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fran%C8%9Ba" title="Franța">Franța</a> și <a href="/wiki/Uniunea_Sovietic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Uniunea Sovietică">Uniunea Sovietică</a> în patru zone de ocupație. Au urmat „redesenarea granițelor”, demilitarizarea, decartelizarea, denazificarea și democratizarea teritoriului Germaniei, simultan cu strămutarea populației. </p><p>La 1 ianuarie 1947, americanii și britanici au unificat zonele lor de ocupație, care va constitui majoritatea teritoriului viitoarei <a href="/wiki/Bundesrepublik_Deutschland" class="mw-redirect" title="Bundesrepublik Deutschland">Republici Federale a Germaniei</a>, iar apoi au introdus (la 21 iunie 1948) noua marcă germană. Sovieticii au răspuns cu istorica <a href="/wiki/Blocada_Berlinului" title="Blocada Berlinului">blocadă a Berlinului</a>, care s-a încheiat în mai 1949. Zona ocupată de francezi s-a alăturat zonei americano-britanice formând la <a href="/wiki/23_mai" title="23 mai">23 mai</a> <a href="/wiki/1949" title="1949">1949</a> statul federal <i>Republica Federală a Germaniei</i> (<i>Bundesrepublik Deutschland</i>). În același timp, zona de ocupație sovietică a fost reorganizată după model sovietic pentru a proclama Republica Democrată Germană (<i>Deutsche Democratische Republik</i>) la <a href="/wiki/7_octombrie" title="7 octombrie">7 octombrie</a> <a href="/wiki/1949" title="1949">1949</a>. </p><p>În această perioadă, în mod oficial, nu a existat funcția de cancelar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perioada_Bundesrepublik_Deutschland_(din_1949)"><span id="Perioada_Bundesrepublik_Deutschland_.28din_1949.29"></span>Perioada Bundesrepublik Deutschland (din 1949)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifică secțiunea: Perioada Bundesrepublik Deutschland (din 1949)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Perioada Bundesrepublik Deutschland (din 1949)"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La 15 septembrie 1949 <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> a preluat funcția de cancelar federal, numită <i>Bundeskanzler</i>, în evidentă concordanță cu numele oficial al Germaniei de Vest, <i>Bundesrepublik Deutschland</i>. </p><p>Din septembrie 1949 până în prezent, Germania Federală a avut nouă cancelari federali. Aceștia suntː </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a>, în funcție în perioada 15 septembrie 1949 – 16 octobrie 1963,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Erhard" title="Ludwig Erhard">Ludwig Erhard</a>, în funcție în perioada 16 octombrie 1963 – 1 decembrie 1966,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Georg_Kiesinger" title="Kurt Georg Kiesinger">Kurt Georg Kiesinger</a>, în funcție în perioada 1 decembrie 1966 – 21 octombrie 1969,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a>, în funcție în perioada 21 octombrie 1969 – 7 mai 1974,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a>, în funcție în perioada 7 mai 1974 - 1 octombrie 1982</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a>, în funcție în perioada 1 octombrie 1982 – 27 octombrie 1998</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a>, în funcție în perioada 27 octombrie 1998 – 22 noiembrie 2005</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a>, în funcție în perioada 22 noiembrie 2005 – 8 decembrie 2021 (prima femeie care a deținut această funcție) - forma de adresare este <i>Bundeskanzlerin</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a>, în funcție din 8 decembrie 2021</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referințe"><span id="Referin.C8.9Be"></span>Referințe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifică secțiunea: Referințe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Referințe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170113065127/https://www.bundeskanzlerin.de/Webs/BKin/EN/Chancellery/Timeline_Federal_Chancellors_since_1949/timeline_federal_chancellors_since_1949_node.html">„Bundeskanzler(in)”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bundeskanzlerin.de/Webs/BKin/EN/Chancellery/Timeline_Federal_Chancellors_since_1949/timeline_federal_chancellors_since_1949_node.html">original</a> la <time datetime="2017-01-13">13 ianuarie 2017</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2017-01-11">11 ianuarie 2017</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bundeskanzler%28in%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bundeskanzlerin.de%2FWebs%2FBKin%2FEN%2FChancellery%2FTimeline_Federal_Chancellors_since_1949%2Ftimeline_federal_chancellors_since_1949_node.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACancelar+federal+al+Germaniei" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/topics/otto-von-bismarck">History.com</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/German-Empire">Britannica</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alphahistory.com/weimarrepublic/">Alpha History</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Vezi și"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cancelar_federal_al_Austriei" title="Cancelar federal al Austriei">Cancelar federal al Austriei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei_(1949%E2%80%93)" title="Cancelar federal al Germaniei (1949–)">Cancelar federal al Germaniei (1949–)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifică secțiunea: Bibliografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articole">Articole</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifică secțiunea: Articole" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Articole"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="border:solid 1px #44A; background-color:#EEF; font-family:monospace; color:#008; font-size:0.9em; padding:0px 4px 2px 4px; position:relative; bottom:0.2em; cursor:help;" title="Limba engleză">en</span> Harlen, Christine M. 2002. "The Leadership Styles of the German Chancellors: From Schmidt to Schröder." <i>Politics and Policy</i> 30 (2 (June)): 347–371.</li> <li><span style="border:solid 1px #44A; background-color:#EEF; font-family:monospace; color:#008; font-size:0.9em; padding:0px 4px 2px 4px; position:relative; bottom:0.2em; cursor:help;" title="Limba engleză">en</span> Helms, Ludger. 2001. "The Changing Chancellorship: Resources and Constraints Revisited." <i>German Politics</i> 10 (2): 155–168.</li> <li><span style="border:solid 1px #44A; background-color:#EEF; font-family:monospace; color:#008; font-size:0.9em; padding:0px 4px 2px 4px; position:relative; bottom:0.2em; cursor:help;" title="Limba engleză">en</span> Mayntz, Renate. 1980. "Executive Leadership in Germany: Dispersion of Power or 'Kanzler Demokratie'?" <i>In presidents and Prime Ministers</i>, ed. R. Rose and E. N. Suleiman. Washington, D.C: American Enterprise Institute. pp. 139–71.</li> <li><span style="border:solid 1px #44A; background-color:#EEF; font-family:monospace; color:#008; font-size:0.9em; padding:0px 4px 2px 4px; position:relative; bottom:0.2em; cursor:help;" title="Limba engleză">en</span> Smith, Gordon. 1991. "The Resources of a German Chancellor." <i>West European Politics</i> 14 (2): 48–61.</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cancelarii_Germaniei" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Format:CancelariGermania" title="Format:CancelariGermania"><abbr title="Vizualizează acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:CancelariGermania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:CancelariGermania — pagină inexistentă"><abbr title="Discută acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:CancelariGermania&action=edit"><abbr title="Modifică acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">m</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cancelarii_Germaniei" style="font-size:100%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cancelarii Germaniei</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Confedera%C8%9Bia_German%C4%83_de_Nord" title="Confederația Germană de Nord">Confederația Germană de Nord</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Germany_(1867%E2%80%931918).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapelul Germaniei"><img alt="Drapelul Germaniei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <br /> Cancelari federali (1867–1871)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">Otto von Bismarck</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Imperiul_German" title="Imperiul German">Imperiul German</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Germany_(1867%E2%80%931918).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Germany"><img alt="Flag of Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <br /> Cancelari ai imperiului (1871–1918)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">Otto von Bismarck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_von_Caprivi" title="Leo von Caprivi">Leo von Caprivi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chlodwig,_Prince_of_Hohenlohe-Schillingsf%C3%BCrst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chlodwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst — pagină inexistentă">Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_von_B%C3%BClow" title="Bernhard von Bülow">Bernhard von Bülow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theobald_von_Bethmann_Hollweg" title="Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg">Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Michaelis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Michaelis — pagină inexistentă">Georg Michaelis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_von_Hertling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg von Hertling — pagină inexistentă">Georg von Hertling</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_Maximilian_of_Baden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prince Maximilian of Baden — pagină inexistentă">Prince Maximilian of Baden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ebert" title="Friedrich Ebert">Friedrich Ebert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republica_de_la_Weimar" title="Republica de la Weimar">Republica de la Weimar</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Germany_(3-2).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapelul Germaniei"><img alt="Drapelul Germaniei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <br /> Cancelari ai imperiului (1919–1933)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philipp_Scheidemann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philipp Scheidemann — pagină inexistentă">Philipp Scheidemann</a> (prim-ministru)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustav_Bauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustav Bauer — pagină inexistentă">Gustav Bauer</a> (prim-ministru și cancelar)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_M%C3%BCller" title="Hermann Müller">Hermann Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constantin_Fehrenbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constantin Fehrenbach — pagină inexistentă">Konstantin Fehrenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Wirth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Wirth — pagină inexistentă">Joseph Wirth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Cuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Cuno — pagină inexistentă">Wilhelm Cuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Stresemann" title="Gustav Stresemann">Gustav Stresemann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Marx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Marx — pagină inexistentă">Wilhelm Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Luther&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Luther — pagină inexistentă">Hans Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Marx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Marx — pagină inexistentă">Wilhelm Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_M%C3%BCller" title="Hermann Müller">Hermann Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Br%C3%BCning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich Brüning — pagină inexistentă">Heinrich Brüning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_von_Papen" title="Franz von Papen">Franz von Papen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_von_Schleicher" title="Kurt von Schleicher">Kurt von Schleicher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Germania_Nazist%C4%83" title="Germania Nazistă">Germania Nazistă</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Germany_(1935%E2%80%931945).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapelul Germaniei"><img alt="Drapelul Germaniei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <br /> Cancelari ai imperiului (1933–1945)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Goebbels" title="Joseph Goebbels">Joseph Goebbels</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutz_Graf_Schwerin_von_Krosigk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk — pagină inexistentă">Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk</a> (în calitate de ministru)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Republica Federală</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapelul Germaniei"><img alt="Drapelul Germaniei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei_(1949%E2%80%93)" title="Cancelar federal al Germaniei (1949–)">Cancelari federali (1949–prezent)</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Erhard" title="Ludwig Erhard">Ludwig Erhard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Georg_Kiesinger" title="Kurt Georg Kiesinger">Kurt Georg Kiesinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/w/index.php?title=List%C4%83_de_cancelari_ai_Germaniei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Listă de cancelari ai Germaniei — pagină inexistentă">Listă de cancelari ai Germaniei</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"> <tbody><tr> <th style=";" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000); white-space:nowrap; ;"><span style=";;border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Format:Cancelari_federali_ai_Germaniei" title="Format:Cancelari federali ai Germaniei"><span title="Vizualizare format" style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Cancelari_federali_ai_Germaniei" title="Discuție Format:Cancelari federali ai Germaniei"><span title="Discuție format" style=";;border:none;;">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Cancelari_federali_ai_Germaniei&action=edit"><span title="Acest format se poate modifica. Folosiți butonul de previzualizare înainte de a salva." style=";;border:none;;">m</span></a></span></div></div><span class="" style="font-size: 110%;"><a href="/wiki/Cancelar_federal_al_Germaniei_(1949%E2%80%93)" title="Cancelar federal al Germaniei (1949–)">Cancelari federali</a> ai <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germaniei</a></span> </th></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-abovebelow" style=";" colspan="3">1949—prezent </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Erhard" title="Ludwig Erhard">Ludwig Erhard</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Georg_Kiesinger" title="Kurt Georg Kiesinger">Kurt Georg Kiesinger</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a></div> </td> <td class="navbox-image" style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="1"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Coat_of_arms_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stema Germaniei"><img alt="Stema Germaniei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Coat_of_arms_of_Germany.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Coat_of_arms_of_Germany.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Coat_of_arms_of_Germany.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="396" data-file-height="510" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16513826">.mw-parser-output .navbox{margin:0 auto 0}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-image[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-list[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-even[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-title[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-image[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-list[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-even[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-title[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}}</style> <div class="noprint" style="background-color: #F5F5F5; 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