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class="headline__revisions-select"> <option value="/countries/saudi-arabia/" selected="selected"> 1 Dec 2023</option> <option value="/countries/saudi-arabia/2021-11-04/" > 4 Nov 2021</option> <option value="/countries/saudi-arabia/2021-09-15/" >15 Sep 2021</option> <option value="/countries/saudi-arabia/2020-09-22/" >22 Sep 2020</option> <option value="/countries/saudi-arabia/2019-12-02/" > 2 Dec 2019</option> <option value="/countries/saudi-arabia/2019-09-19/" >19 Sep 2019</option> <option value="/countries/saudi-arabia/2018-11-30/" >30 Nov 2018</option> <option value="/countries/saudi-arabia/2018-04-30/" >30 Apr 2018</option> <option value="/media/documents/2018/4/CAT_2017-11-06_CountryAssessment_SaudiArabia.pdf" > 6 Nov 2017</option> <option value="/media/documents/2018/4/CAT_2016-03-23_CountryAssessment_SaudiArabia.pdf" >23 Mar 2016</option> </select> </form> </div> </div> <div class="headline__second"> <div class="headline__social social hidden-xs hidden-sm"> <span 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<div class="container"> <div class="t-padding--2 b-padding--2"> <div class="ratings-matrix"> <div class="ratings-matrix__overall ratings-matrix__tile--DARK_GRAY"> <dl> <dt>Overall rating</dt> <dd>Critically insufficient</dd> </dl> </div> <div class="ratings-matrix__second-row"> <div class="ratings-matrix__second-row-cell ratings-matrix__tile--DARK_GRAY"> <dl> <dt><p>Policies and action <br><i>against fair share</i></p></dt> <dd><b>Critically insufficient</b></dd> <dd><i>4°C+ World</i></dd> </dl> </div> <div class="ratings-matrix__second-row-cell ratings-matrix__tile--DARK_GRAY"> <dl> <dt><p>NDC target<br> <i>against modelled domestic pathways</i></p></dt> <dd><b>Critically insufficient</b></dd> <dd><i>4°C+ World</i></dd> </dl> </div> <div class="ratings-matrix__second-row-cell ratings-matrix__tile--DARK_GRAY"> <dl> <dt><p>NDC target<br> <i>against fair share</i></p></dt> <dd><b>Critically insufficient</b></dd> <dd><i>4°C+ World</i></dd> </dl> </div> <div class="ratings-matrix__second-row-cell ratings-matrix__tile--GRAY"> <dl> <dt>Climate finance</dt> <dd><b>Not applicable</b></dd> </dl> </div> </div> <div class="ratings-matrix__third-row"> <div class="ratings-matrix__third-row-cell ratings-matrix__third-row-cell--RED"> <dl class="ratings-matrix__net_zero_target"> <dt>Net zero target</dt> <dd> <p>year</p> <b>2060</b> </dd> <dd> <p>Comprehensiveness rated as</p> <b class="ratings-matrix__label ratings-matrix__label--RED"> Poor </b> </dd> </dl> </div> <div class="ratings-matrix__third-row-cell ratings-matrix__third-row-cell--DARK_GRAY"> <dl class="ratings-matrix__land_use_forestry"> <dt>Land use & forestry</dt> <dd> <b class="ratings-matrix__label ratings-matrix__label--DARK_GRAY"> Not significant </b> </dd> </dl> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="country-tabs"> <div class="container"> <h3 class="country-tabs__header bottom-line bottom-line--primary bottom-line--130"> Net zero targets </h3> <ul class="nav nav-pills"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/countries/saudi-arabia/">Summary</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/countries/saudi-arabia/targets/">Targets</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/countries/saudi-arabia/policies-action/">Policies & action</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link active" href="/countries/saudi-arabia/net-zero-targets/">Net zero targets</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/countries/saudi-arabia/assumptions/">Assumptions</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/countries/saudi-arabia/sources/">Sources</a> </li> </ul> </div> </section> <section data-vanilla-collapsible-sections class="b-padding--3"> <div class="content-section content-section--has-left-side"> <div class="container"> <div class="content-section__left-side"> <h3 id="section__summary"> Summary </h3> </div> <div class="content-section__content"> <div class="content-block"><p data-block-key="z4mdf">We evaluate the target as: <b>Poor</b></p><p data-block-key="44j3k">Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman announced Saudi Arabia’s net zero target for 2060 at the first Saudi Green Initiative Forum in October 2021 (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2021d). However, the target has yet to be enshrined in law or in a policy document. As of October 2023, Saudi Arabia has not submitted a long-term strategy to the UNFCCC.</p><p data-block-key="c0jk">Since its initial announcement in 2021, the Saudi government has not provided any further detailed information on scope, target architecture, or transparency. Saudi Arabia has not yet provided any clear emissions reduction pathway to net zero (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2021a). The target’s emission coverage remains unclear with the CAT currently assuming that only CO<sub>2</sub> emissions are being covered, based on scarce available information.</p><p data-block-key="eccnr">Saudi Arabia intends to reach its net zero target through the <i>Circular Carbon Economy</i> approach, which relies on the use of CCS. The national oil company Saudi Aramco has committed to reaching net zero operational emissions in 2050. However, the vast majority of oil and gas emissions comes from the combustion of fossil fuels, not their production. Saudi Arabia and Aramco’s net zero targets do not take into account Scope 3 emissions resulting from oil and gas exports. They also do not consider the economic risks associated with a continued reliance on fossil fuels exports in a net zero world (for further details, see the “Oil production” section under “Energy supply” <a href="/countries/saudi-arabia/2023-12-01/policies-action/">here</a>).</p></div> <div class="content-block"> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix"> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__matrix" style="--main-color: #EF6948;"> <header class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__header"> <dl> <dt>Saudi Arabia</dt> <dd>Comprehensiveness of net zero target design</dd> <dd>Poor</dd> </dl> </header> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__grid"> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__row-spacer"> <span>Scope</span> <hr/> </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__wide-cell"> <b>Target year:</b> 2060 </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell" style="--main-color: #EF6948; --secondary-color: #FDECE4;"> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-header"> <i class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 237 237"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#ee4750;}</style></defs><g id="Layer_2" data-name="Layer 2"><g id="Icons-Coloured"><path class="cls-1" d="M118.5,0A118.5,118.5,0,1,0,237,118.5,118.5,118.5,0,0,0,118.5,0Zm0,207.38a88.88,88.88,0,1,1,88.87-88.87A88.88,88.88,0,0,1,118.5,207.38Z"/><path class="cls-1" d="M171,87.24,149.77,66a2.09,2.09,0,0,0-2.93.24L118.5,94.56,90.16,66.22A2.09,2.09,0,0,0,87.23,66L66,87.24a2.09,2.09,0,0,0,.25,2.92L94.56,118.5,66.22,146.84a2.08,2.08,0,0,0-.24,2.93L87.24,171a2.08,2.08,0,0,0,2.92-.24l28.34-28.34,28.34,28.34a2.09,2.09,0,0,0,2.92.25L171,149.77a2.09,2.09,0,0,0-.24-2.93L142.44,118.5l28.34-28.34A2.08,2.08,0,0,0,171,87.24Z"/></g></g></svg> </i> Emissions coverage </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-body"> <p data-block-key="6y22j">Target covers emissions / sectors partially (under 95% coverage)</p> </div> </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell" style="--main-color: #EF6948; --secondary-color: #FDECE4;"> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-header"> <i class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 237 237"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#ee4750;}</style></defs><g id="Layer_2" data-name="Layer 2"><g id="Icons-Coloured"><path class="cls-1" d="M118.5,0A118.5,118.5,0,1,0,237,118.5,118.5,118.5,0,0,0,118.5,0Zm0,207.38a88.88,88.88,0,1,1,88.87-88.87A88.88,88.88,0,0,1,118.5,207.38Z"/><path class="cls-1" d="M171,87.24,149.77,66a2.09,2.09,0,0,0-2.93.24L118.5,94.56,90.16,66.22A2.09,2.09,0,0,0,87.23,66L66,87.24a2.09,2.09,0,0,0,.25,2.92L94.56,118.5,66.22,146.84a2.08,2.08,0,0,0-.24,2.93L87.24,171a2.08,2.08,0,0,0,2.92-.24l28.34-28.34,28.34,28.34a2.09,2.09,0,0,0,2.92.25L171,149.77a2.09,2.09,0,0,0-.24-2.93L142.44,118.5l28.34-28.34A2.08,2.08,0,0,0,171,87.24Z"/></g></g></svg> </i> International aviation and shipping </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-body"> <p data-block-key="2bkda">The target excludes both international aviation and shipping</p> </div> </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell" style="--main-color: #EF6948; --secondary-color: #FDECE4;"> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-header"> <i class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 237 237"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#ee4750;}</style></defs><g id="Layer_2" data-name="Layer 2"><g id="Icons-Coloured"><path class="cls-1" d="M118.5,0A118.5,118.5,0,1,0,237,118.5,118.5,118.5,0,0,0,118.5,0Zm0,207.38a88.88,88.88,0,1,1,88.87-88.87A88.88,88.88,0,0,1,118.5,207.38Z"/><path class="cls-1" d="M171,87.24,149.77,66a2.09,2.09,0,0,0-2.93.24L118.5,94.56,90.16,66.22A2.09,2.09,0,0,0,87.23,66L66,87.24a2.09,2.09,0,0,0,.25,2.92L94.56,118.5,66.22,146.84a2.08,2.08,0,0,0-.24,2.93L87.24,171a2.08,2.08,0,0,0,2.92-.24l28.34-28.34,28.34,28.34a2.09,2.09,0,0,0,2.92.25L171,149.77a2.09,2.09,0,0,0-.24-2.93L142.44,118.5l28.34-28.34A2.08,2.08,0,0,0,171,87.24Z"/></g></g></svg> </i> Reductions or removals outside of own borders </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-body"> <p data-block-key="8dg9o">Relies on international offset credits or reserves right to use them to meet net zero</p> </div> </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__row-spacer"> <span>Architecture</span> <hr/> </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell" style="--main-color: #EFAA51; --secondary-color: #FEF2E0;"> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-header"> <i class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 237 237"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#fcc062;}</style></defs><g id="Layer_2" data-name="Layer 2"><g id="Icons-Coloured"><path class="cls-1" d="M118.5,0A118.5,118.5,0,1,0,237,118.5,118.5,118.5,0,0,0,118.5,0Zm0,207.38a88.88,88.88,0,1,1,88.88-88.88A88.89,88.89,0,0,1,118.5,207.38Z"/><rect class="cls-1" x="48.5" y="102.5" width="141" height="32" rx="2"/></g></g></svg> </i> Legal Status </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-body"> <p data-block-key="zw387">Net zero target announced</p> </div> </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell" style="--main-color: #EF6948; --secondary-color: #FDECE4;"> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-header"> <i class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 237 237"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#ee4750;}</style></defs><g id="Layer_2" data-name="Layer 2"><g id="Icons-Coloured"><path class="cls-1" d="M118.5,0A118.5,118.5,0,1,0,237,118.5,118.5,118.5,0,0,0,118.5,0Zm0,207.38a88.88,88.88,0,1,1,88.87-88.87A88.88,88.88,0,0,1,118.5,207.38Z"/><path class="cls-1" d="M171,87.24,149.77,66a2.09,2.09,0,0,0-2.93.24L118.5,94.56,90.16,66.22A2.09,2.09,0,0,0,87.23,66L66,87.24a2.09,2.09,0,0,0,.25,2.92L94.56,118.5,66.22,146.84a2.08,2.08,0,0,0-.24,2.93L87.24,171a2.08,2.08,0,0,0,2.92-.24l28.34-28.34,28.34,28.34a2.09,2.09,0,0,0,2.92.25L171,149.77a2.09,2.09,0,0,0-.24-2.93L142.44,118.5l28.34-28.34A2.08,2.08,0,0,0,171,87.24Z"/></g></g></svg> </i> Separate reduction & removal targets </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-body"> <p data-block-key="09thl">No separate emission reduction and removal targets</p> </div> </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell" style="--main-color: #EF6948; --secondary-color: #FDECE4;"> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-header"> <i class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 237 237"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#ee4750;}</style></defs><g id="Layer_2" data-name="Layer 2"><g id="Icons-Coloured"><path class="cls-1" d="M118.5,0A118.5,118.5,0,1,0,237,118.5,118.5,118.5,0,0,0,118.5,0Zm0,207.38a88.88,88.88,0,1,1,88.87-88.87A88.88,88.88,0,0,1,118.5,207.38Z"/><path class="cls-1" d="M171,87.24,149.77,66a2.09,2.09,0,0,0-2.93.24L118.5,94.56,90.16,66.22A2.09,2.09,0,0,0,87.23,66L66,87.24a2.09,2.09,0,0,0,.25,2.92L94.56,118.5,66.22,146.84a2.08,2.08,0,0,0-.24,2.93L87.24,171a2.08,2.08,0,0,0,2.92-.24l28.34-28.34,28.34,28.34a2.09,2.09,0,0,0,2.92.25L171,149.77a2.09,2.09,0,0,0-.24-2.93L142.44,118.5l28.34-28.34A2.08,2.08,0,0,0,171,87.24Z"/></g></g></svg> </i> Review Process </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-body"> <p data-block-key="j57jc">Country provides no information on its intention to establish a review cycle for its net zero and intermediate targets</p> </div> </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__row-spacer"> <span>Transparency</span> <hr/> </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell" style="--main-color: #EF6948; --secondary-color: #FDECE4;"> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-header"> <i class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 237 237"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#ee4750;}</style></defs><g id="Layer_2" data-name="Layer 2"><g id="Icons-Coloured"><path class="cls-1" d="M118.5,0A118.5,118.5,0,1,0,237,118.5,118.5,118.5,0,0,0,118.5,0Zm0,207.38a88.88,88.88,0,1,1,88.87-88.87A88.88,88.88,0,0,1,118.5,207.38Z"/><path class="cls-1" d="M171,87.24,149.77,66a2.09,2.09,0,0,0-2.93.24L118.5,94.56,90.16,66.22A2.09,2.09,0,0,0,87.23,66L66,87.24a2.09,2.09,0,0,0,.25,2.92L94.56,118.5,66.22,146.84a2.08,2.08,0,0,0-.24,2.93L87.24,171a2.08,2.08,0,0,0,2.92-.24l28.34-28.34,28.34,28.34a2.09,2.09,0,0,0,2.92.25L171,149.77a2.09,2.09,0,0,0-.24-2.93L142.44,118.5l28.34-28.34A2.08,2.08,0,0,0,171,87.24Z"/></g></g></svg> </i> Carbon dioxide removal </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-body"> <p data-block-key="sb0tq">No transparent assumptions on carbon dioxide removals</p> </div> </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell" style="--main-color: #EF6948; --secondary-color: #FDECE4;"> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-header"> <i class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 237 237"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#ee4750;}</style></defs><g id="Layer_2" data-name="Layer 2"><g id="Icons-Coloured"><path class="cls-1" d="M118.5,0A118.5,118.5,0,1,0,237,118.5,118.5,118.5,0,0,0,118.5,0Zm0,207.38a88.88,88.88,0,1,1,88.87-88.87A88.88,88.88,0,0,1,118.5,207.38Z"/><path class="cls-1" d="M171,87.24,149.77,66a2.09,2.09,0,0,0-2.93.24L118.5,94.56,90.16,66.22A2.09,2.09,0,0,0,87.23,66L66,87.24a2.09,2.09,0,0,0,.25,2.92L94.56,118.5,66.22,146.84a2.08,2.08,0,0,0-.24,2.93L87.24,171a2.08,2.08,0,0,0,2.92-.24l28.34-28.34,28.34,28.34a2.09,2.09,0,0,0,2.92.25L171,149.77a2.09,2.09,0,0,0-.24-2.93L142.44,118.5l28.34-28.34A2.08,2.08,0,0,0,171,87.24Z"/></g></g></svg> </i> Comprehensive planning </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-body"> <p data-block-key="maorc">There is no information or underlying analysis available on the anticipated pathway or measures to achieve net zero emissions</p> </div> </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell" style="--main-color: #EF6948; --secondary-color: #FDECE4;"> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-header"> <i class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 237 237"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#ee4750;}</style></defs><g id="Layer_2" data-name="Layer 2"><g id="Icons-Coloured"><path class="cls-1" d="M118.5,0A118.5,118.5,0,1,0,237,118.5,118.5,118.5,0,0,0,118.5,0Zm0,207.38a88.88,88.88,0,1,1,88.87-88.87A88.88,88.88,0,0,1,118.5,207.38Z"/><path class="cls-1" d="M171,87.24,149.77,66a2.09,2.09,0,0,0-2.93.24L118.5,94.56,90.16,66.22A2.09,2.09,0,0,0,87.23,66L66,87.24a2.09,2.09,0,0,0,.25,2.92L94.56,118.5,66.22,146.84a2.08,2.08,0,0,0-.24,2.93L87.24,171a2.08,2.08,0,0,0,2.92-.24l28.34-28.34,28.34,28.34a2.09,2.09,0,0,0,2.92.25L171,149.77a2.09,2.09,0,0,0-.24-2.93L142.44,118.5l28.34-28.34A2.08,2.08,0,0,0,171,87.24Z"/></g></g></svg> </i> Clarity on fairness of target </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__cell-body"> <p data-block-key="tva7a">Country makes no reference to fairness or equity in the context of its net zero target</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="net-zero-ratings-matrix__footer"> <a href="https://climateactiontracker.org"><b>climateactiontracker.org</b></a> <b>December 2023 Update</b> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-section content-section--has-left-side"> <div class="container"> <div class="content-section__left-side"> <h3 id="section__cat-analysis-of-net-zero-target"> CAT analysis of net zero target </h3> </div> <div class="content-section__content"> <div class="content-block"><h4 data-block-key="7ogp6">Scope</h4><ul><li data-block-key="3bvem"><b>Target year</b> – Saudi Arabia aims to reach net zero by 2060.</li><li data-block-key="1su58"><b>Emissions coverage</b> – Saudi Arabia provides no explicit information on the sectors and gases covered by the net zero target (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2021d), but mainly focuses on its Carbon Circular Economy approach in explaining how it intends to meet the target. For this reason, the CAT currently assumes Saudi Arabia’s target currently only covers CO<sub>2</sub> emissions.</li><li data-block-key="2dm0q"><b>International aviation and shipping</b> – Saudi Arabia provides no information on its intention to cover international aviation and shipping.</li><li data-block-key="78qeo"><b>Reductions or removals outside of own borders</b> – The government recently announced the launch of a carbon crediting scheme in early 2024, which will supposedly enable companies to offset their emissions by buying carbon credits compliant with Article 6 of the Paris Agreement (Carbon-Pulse, 2023). Despite the apparent focus on companies procuring credits, Saudi Arabia appears to plan to also use the credits to meet part of its climate pledge, including its 2060 net zero target. It is unclear how this could work in practice based on the information published to date in a manner that avoids more than one entity claiming rights to the same emission reductions – an outcome which would undermine the integrity of the credits and potentially lead to an overall rise in emissions.</li></ul><h4 data-block-key="6i0f6">Target architecture</h4><ul><li data-block-key="bl017"><b>Legal status</b> – Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman announced Saudi Arabia’s net zero target at the first Saudi Green Initiative Forum (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2021d). Saudi Arabia has not submitted a Long-Term Strategy (LTS) to the UNFCCC as of October 2023.</li><li data-block-key="4num3"><b>Separate reduction & removal targets</b> – Saudi Arabia provides no information on its intention to communicate separate emission reduction and removal targets.</li><li data-block-key="conmc"><b>Review process</b> – Saudi Arabia provides no information on its intention to establish a review cycle for its net zero and intermediate targets.</li></ul><h4 data-block-key="c4go4">Transparency</h4><ul><li data-block-key="1kd44"><b>Carbon dioxide removal</b> – Saudi Arabia provides no information on its intention to communicate transparent assumptions on carbon dioxide removals.</li><li data-block-key="el78o"><b>Comprehensive planning</b> – Saudi Arabia provides no comprehensive planning on how it aims to achieve its net zero by 2060. It has not communicated underlying pathways, interim targets or detailed measures to meet the 2060 target. Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman stated that Saudi Arabia relies on the <i>Circular Carbon Economy</i> approach to meet its net zero target and makes no reference to emissions from oil and gas exported by Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2021d). The <i>Circular Carbon Economy</i> approach, however, only addresses a fraction of relevant emissions from oil and gas production through carbon capture and storage technologies, but most emissions come from fuel combustion rather than oil and gas extraction and processing.</li><li data-block-key="9641g"><b>Clarity on fairness of target</b> – Saudi Arabia provides no information on its intention to explain the target’s fairness.</li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-section content-section--has-left-side"> <div class="container"> <div class="content-section__left-side"> <h3 id="section__good-practice"> Good practice </h3> </div> <div class="content-section__content"> <div class="content-block"><p data-block-key="z4mdf">The Climate Action Tracker has defined the following <i>good practice</i> for all ten key elements of net zero targets. Countries can refer to this good practice to design or enhance their net zero targets.</p></div> <div class="content-block image-block text-center"> <figure> <img class="img-fluid" src="/media/images/CAT-NetZeroRating-GoodPractice.width-777.png" alt=""/> </figure> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="latest-publications b-padding--3"> <div class="container"> <h3 class="bottom-line bottom-line--primary bottom-line--130">Further analysis</h3> <div class="row-listing"> <a class="row-listing__item" href="/countries/saudi-arabia/targets/"> <div class="row-listing__item-image"> <img alt="Targets" class="img-fluid" src=" /media/images/Icon-PledgesTargets.2e16d0ba.fill-128x128.png"> </div> <div class="row-listing__item-title">Targets</div> </a> <a class="row-listing__item" href="/countries/saudi-arabia/policies-action/"> <div class="row-listing__item-image"> <img alt="Policies & action" class="img-fluid" src=" /media/images/Icon-CurrentPolicies.2e16d0ba.fill-128x128.png"> </div> <div class="row-listing__item-title">Policies & action</div> </a> <a class="row-listing__item" href="/countries/saudi-arabia/net-zero-targets/"> <div class="row-listing__item-image"> <img alt="Net zero targets" class="img-fluid" src=" /media/images/Icon-MitigationOptions.2e16d0ba.fill-128x128.png"> </div> <div class="row-listing__item-title">Net zero targets</div> </a> <a class="row-listing__item" href="/countries/saudi-arabia/assumptions/"> <div class="row-listing__item-image"> <img alt="Assumptions" class="img-fluid" src=" /media/images/Icon-Assumtions.2e16d0ba.fill-128x128.png"> </div> <div class="row-listing__item-title">Assumptions</div> </a> <a class="row-listing__item" href="/countries/saudi-arabia/sources/"> <div class="row-listing__item-image"> <img alt="Sources" class="img-fluid" src=" /media/images/Icon-Sources.2e16d0ba.fill-128x128.png"> </div> <div class="row-listing__item-title">Sources</div> </a> </div> </div> </section> <section class="latest-news b-padding--3"> <div class="container"> <h3 class="bottom-line bottom-line--primary bottom-line--130">Latest publications</h3> </div> <div class="slider"> <div class="container"> <div class="slick-slider slider--bottom-btn"> <div class="slide listing--column"> <div class="listing__item"> <div class="listing__item-image"> <a title="Highlighting the hypocrisy: fossil fuel export emissions" class="listing__item-link" href="/blog/highlighting-the-hypocrisy-fossil-fuel-export-emissions/"> <img style="width: 100%" class="img-fluid" src="/media/images/CAT-Thumbnail-FossilFuelExports.2e16d0ba.fill-290x217.png"/> </a> </div> <div class="listing__item-text"> <div class="metadata">Published 2024/11/20</div> <h3 class="listing__item-title"> <a title="Highlighting the hypocrisy: fossil fuel export emissions" href="/blog/highlighting-the-hypocrisy-fossil-fuel-export-emissions/" class="listing__item-link">Highlighting the hypocrisy: fossil fuel export emissions</a> </h3> </div> </div> </div> <div class="slide 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worsens, warming outlook stagnates" class="listing__item-link" href="/press/release-as-the-climate-crisis-worsens-warming-outlook-stagnates/"> <img style="width: 100%" class="img-fluid" src="/media/images/Publications-GlobalUpdate.2e16d0ba.fill-290x217.png"/> </a> </div> <div class="listing__item-text"> <div class="metadata">Published 2024/11/14</div> <h3 class="listing__item-title"> <a title="RELEASE: As the climate crisis worsens, warming outlook stagnates" href="/press/release-as-the-climate-crisis-worsens-warming-outlook-stagnates/" class="listing__item-link">RELEASE: As the climate crisis worsens, warming outlook stagnates</a> </h3> </div> </div> </div> <div class="slide listing--column"> <div class="listing__item"> <div class="listing__item-image"> <a title="As the climate crisis worsens, the warming outlook stagnates" class="listing__item-link" href="/publications/the-climate-crisis-worsens-the-warming-outlook-stagnates/"> <img style="width: 100%" class="img-fluid" 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Climate Action We Need This Decade" href="/blog/by-the-numbers-the-climate-action-we-need-this-decade/" class="listing__item-link">By the Numbers: The Climate Action We Need This Decade</a> </h3> </div> </div> </div> <div class="slide listing--column"> <div class="listing__item"> <div class="listing__item-image"> <a title="Decarbonising road transport: light-duty vehicles" class="listing__item-link" href="/publications/decarbonising-transport-light-duty-vehicles/"> <img style="width: 100%" class="img-fluid" src="/media/images/CAT-Thumbnail-1.5Benchmarks-Transp.2e16d0ba.fill-290x217.png"/> </a> </div> <div class="listing__item-text"> <div class="metadata">Published 2024/10/29</div> <h3 class="listing__item-title"> <a title="Decarbonising road transport: light-duty vehicles" href="/publications/decarbonising-transport-light-duty-vehicles/" class="listing__item-link">Decarbonising road transport: light-duty vehicles</a> </h3> </div> </div> </div> <div class="slide listing--column"> <div class="listing__item"> <div class="listing__item-image"> <a title="Decarbonising light-duty vehicle road transport" class="listing__item-link" href="/blog/decarbonising-light-duty-road-transport/"> <img style="width: 100%" class="img-fluid" src="/media/images/CAT-Thumbnail-1.5Benchmarks-Transp.2e16d0ba.fill-290x217.png"/> </a> </div> <div class="listing__item-text"> <div class="metadata">Published 2024/10/29</div> <h3 class="listing__item-title"> <a title="Decarbonising light-duty vehicle road transport" href="/blog/decarbonising-light-duty-road-transport/" class="listing__item-link">Decarbonising light-duty vehicle road transport</a> </h3> </div> </div> </div> <div class="slide listing--column"> <div class="listing__item"> <div class="listing__item-image"> <a title="RELEASE: The CAT rates COP29 host Azerbaijan's climate action " Critically insufficient"" class="listing__item-link" href="/press/azerbaijan-country-analysis/"> <img style="width: 100%" class="img-fluid" src="/media/images/CAT-CountryFlagCode-Azerbaijan.2e16d0ba.fill-290x217.png"/> </a> </div> <div class="listing__item-text"> <div class="metadata">Published 2024/09/25</div> <h3 class="listing__item-title"> <a title="RELEASE: The CAT rates COP29 host Azerbaijan's climate action " Critically insufficient"" href="/press/azerbaijan-country-analysis/" class="listing__item-link">RELEASE: The CAT rates COP29 host Azerbaijan's climate action " Critically…</a> </h3> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="slide__arrows slide__arrows--primary"></div> </div> <div class="container button-bar text-center"> <a href="/publications/?country=Saudi Arabia" class="btn btn-gray-700 btn--icon-right btn--icon-arrow-right">Country-related publications</a> <a href=" /publications/" class="btn btn-gray-700 btn--icon-right btn--icon-arrow-right">All publications</a> </div> </section> <section class="stay-informed v-padding--3 text-center text-white" style="background-image: 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