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searchaux" style="display:none">Successful Portuguese siege on Bintan</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Battle of Bintan</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Malay-Portuguese_conflicts" class="mw-redirect" title="Malay-Portuguese conflicts">Malay-Portuguese conflicts</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>1526</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Bintan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bintan">Bintan</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Portuguese victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal_(1495).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Portugal_%281495%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281495%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Portugal_%281495%29.svg/36px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281495%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Portugal_%281495%29.svg/48px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281495%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire" title="Portuguese Empire">Portuguese Empire</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Sultanate of Bintan <br /><a href="/wiki/Pahang_Sultanate" title="Pahang Sultanate">Sultanate of Pahang</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Mascarenhas" title="Pedro Mascarenhas">Dom Pedro Mascarenhas</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li>Tuão Mafamede</li></ul></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_Shah_of_Malacca" title="Mahmud Shah of Malacca">Mahmud Shah of Bintan</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_Shah_I_of_Pahang" title="Mahmud Shah I of Pahang">Mahmud Shah I of Pahang</a><br />Unrecorded allied ruler<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> 1 galleon<br /> 3 carracks<br /> 2 caravels<br /> 1 galley<br /> 1 half-galley<br /> 5 light-galleys<br /> 2 armed batels<br /> 600 Portuguese soldiers<br />300 Malay auxiliaries <br />Unrecorded number of sailors and combat slaves</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 30,000 men<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />20 oarships<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><b>Sultan of Pahang:</b><br />30 oarships<sup id="cite_ref-correia_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-correia-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />2,000 men<sup id="cite_ref-correia_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-correia-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Few</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Portuguese_battles_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Template:Campaignbox Portuguese battles in the Indian Ocean"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Portuguese_battles_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Portuguese battles in the Indian Ocean"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Portuguese_battles_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Portuguese battles in the Indian Ocean"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Portuguese_battlesin_the_Indian_Ocean" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em">Portuguese battles<br />in the Indian Ocean</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>16th century</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Cannanore" title="First Battle of Cannanore">Cannanore</a> (1501)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Calicut_(1503)" title="Battle of Calicut (1503)">Calicut</a> (1503)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pandarane" title="Battle of Pandarane">Pandarane</a> (1504)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cochin_(1504)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Cochin (1504)">Cochin</a> (1504)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mombasa_(1505)" title="Battle of Mombasa (1505)">Mombasa</a> (1505)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cannanore" title="Battle of Cannanore">Cannanore</a> (1506)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Anjadiva_(1506)" title="Siege of Anjadiva (1506)">Anjadiva</a> (1506)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Barawa" title="Battle of Barawa">Barawa</a> (1507)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Socotra" title="Battle of Socotra">Socotra</a> (1507)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Muscat_(1507)" title="Capture of Muscat (1507)">Muscat</a> (1507)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_conquest_of_Hormuz" title="Portuguese conquest of Hormuz">Hormuz</a> (1507)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Cannanore_(1507)" title="Siege of Cannanore (1507)">Cannanore</a> (1507)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chaul" title="Battle of Chaul">Chaul</a> (1508)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dabul" title="Battle of Dabul">Dabul</a> (1508)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Diu" title="Battle of Diu">Diu</a> (1509)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_conquest_of_Goa" title="Portuguese conquest of Goa">Goa</a> (1510)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Malacca_(1511)" title="Capture of Malacca (1511)">Malacca</a> (1511)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Aden" title="Siege of Aden">Aden</a> (1513)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jeddah" title="Siege of Jeddah">Jeddah</a> (1517)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Goa_(1517)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Goa (1517)">Goa</a> (1517)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zeila" title="Battle of Zeila">Zeila</a> (1517)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pago" title="Battle of Pago">Pago</a> (1520)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aceh_(1521)" title="Battle of Aceh (1521)">Aceh</a> (1521)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_invasion_of_Bahrain" title="Portuguese invasion of Bahrain">Bahrain</a> (1521)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Bintan_(1521)" title="Attack on Bintan (1521)">Bintan</a> (1521)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedir_expedition_(1522)" title="Pedir expedition (1522)">Pedir</a> (1522)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ash-Shihr_(1523)" title="Battle of Ash-Shihr (1523)">Ash-Shihr</a> (1523)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Muar_River" title="Battle of Muar River">Muar River</a> (1523)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acehnese_conquest_of_Pasai" title="Acehnese conquest of Pasai">Pasai</a> (1523–24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lingga" title="Battle of Lingga">Lingga</a> (1525)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Calicut_(1526)" title="Siege of Calicut (1526)">Calicut</a> (1526)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bintan</a> (1526)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mombasa_(1528)" title="Battle of Mombasa (1528)">Mombasa</a> (1528)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aceh_(1528)" title="Battle of Aceh (1528)">Aceh</a> (1528)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bahrain_(1529)" title="Siege of Bahrain (1529)">Bahrain</a> (1529)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Diu_(1531)" title="Siege of Diu (1531)">Diu</a> (1531)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Reishahr" title="Battle of Reishahr">Reishahr</a> (1534)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Malacca_(1534)" title="Battle of Malacca (1534)">Malacca</a> (1534)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ugentana" title="Battle of Ugentana">Ugentana</a> (1535)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ugentana_(1536)" title="Battle of Ugentana (1536)">Ugentana</a> (1536)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Beadala_(1538)" title="Battle of Beadala (1538)">Beadala</a> (1538)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Diu_(1538)" title="Siege of Diu (1538)">Diu</a> (1538)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Suakin_(1541)" title="Battle of Suakin (1541)">Suakin</a> (1541)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Jeddah_(1541)" title="Attack on Jeddah (1541)">Jeddah</a> (1541)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_El_Tor" title="Battle of El Tor">El Tor</a> (1541)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Suez_(1541)" title="Battle of Suez (1541)">Suez</a> (1541)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Benadir" title="Battle of Benadir">Benadir</a> (1542)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Diu_(1546)" title="Siege of Diu (1546)">Diu</a> (1546)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Perlis_River" title="Battle of Perlis River">Perlis River</a> (1547)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Aden_(1548)" title="Capture of Aden (1548)">Aden</a> (1548)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Shihr_(1548)" title="Battle of al-Shihr (1548)">Al-Shihr</a> (1548)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Qatif_(1551)" title="Siege of Qatif (1551)">Qatif</a> (1551)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malacca_(1551)" title="Siege of Malacca (1551)">Malacca</a> (1551)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Muscat_(1552)" title="Capture of Muscat (1552)">Muscat</a> (1552)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Strait_of_Hormuz_(1553)" title="Battle of the Strait of Hormuz (1553)">Strait of Hormuz</a> (1553)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Gulf_of_Oman" title="Battle of the Gulf of Oman">Gulf of Oman</a> (1554)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bahrain" title="Siege of Bahrain">Bahrain</a> (1559)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_invasion_of_the_Jaffna_kingdom_(1560)" title="Portuguese invasion of the Jaffna kingdom (1560)">Jaffna</a> (1560)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malacca_(1568)" title="Siege of Malacca (1568)">Malacca</a> (1568)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aceh_(1569)" title="Battle of Aceh (1569)">Aceh</a> (1569)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_League_of_the_Indies#The_Siege_of_Goa" title="War of the League of the Indies">Goa</a> (1570–1571)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_League_of_the_Indies#The_Siege_of_Chaul" title="War of the League of the Indies">Chaul</a> (1571)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Chaliyam" title="Siege of Chaliyam">Chale</a> (1571)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malacca_(1573)" title="Siege of Malacca (1573)">Malacca</a> (1573)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malacca_(1574)" title="Siege of Malacca (1574)">Malacca</a> (1574)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malacca_(1575)" title="Siege of Malacca (1575)">Malacca</a> (1575)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Muscat_(1581)" title="Capture of Muscat (1581)">Muscat</a> (1581)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Daman_(1581)" title="Siege of Daman (1581)">Daman</a> (1581)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leitao_Coast" title="Battle of Leitao Coast">Leitao Coast</a> (1586)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Johor_(1586)" title="Battle of Johor (1586)">Johor</a> (1586)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Johor_(1587)" title="Siege of Johor (1587)">Johor</a> (1587)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_invasion_of_the_Jaffna_kingdom_(1591)" title="Portuguese invasion of the Jaffna kingdom (1591)">Jaffna</a> (1591)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kottakkal" title="Siege of Kottakkal">Kottakkal</a> (1599–1600)</li></ul> <dl><dt>17th century</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bantam" title="Battle of Bantam">Bantam</a> (1601)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safavid_conquest_of_Bahrain" title="Safavid conquest of Bahrain">Bahrain</a> (1602)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aceh_expedition_(1606)" title="Aceh expedition (1606)">Aceh</a> (1606)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malacca_(1606)" title="Siege of Malacca (1606)">Malacca</a> (1606)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Rachado" title="Battle of Cape Rachado">Cape Rachado</a> (1606)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Swally" title="Battle of Swally">Swally</a> (1612)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandyan_commerce_raiding_against_Portugal_(1612%E2%80%931613)" title="Kandyan commerce raiding against Portugal (1612–1613)">Gulf of Mannar</a> (1612–13)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Cambar%C3%A3o" title="Capture of Cambarão">Cambarão</a> (1614)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Formoso_River" title="Battle of Formoso River">Formoso River</a> (1615)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_conquest_of_the_Jaffna_kingdom" title="Portuguese conquest of the Jaffna kingdom">Jaffna</a> (1619)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Persian_capture_of_Qeshm" title="Anglo-Persian capture of Qeshm">Qeshm</a> (1621–22)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Persian_capture_of_Hormuz" title="Anglo-Persian capture of Hormuz">Hormuz</a> (1622)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_off_Hormuz_(1625)" title="Battle off Hormuz (1625)">Hormuz</a> (1625)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_1_February_1625" class="mw-redirect" title="Action of 1 February 1625">Persian Gulf</a> (1625)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Langat_River" title="Battle of Langat River">Langat River</a> (1628)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Duyon_River" title="Battle of Duyon River">Duyon River</a> (1629)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jambi" title="Battle of Jambi">Jambi</a> (1630)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Hooghly" title="Siege of Hooghly">Hooghly</a> (1632)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Julfar" title="Capture of Julfar">Julfar</a> (1633)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sohar_(1633%E2%80%931643)" title="Siege of Sohar (1633–1643)">Sohar</a> (1633–1643)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Goa_(1638)" title="Battle of Goa (1638)">Goa</a> (1638)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Daman_(1638%E2%80%931639)" title="Siege of Daman (1638–1639)">Daman</a> (1638–39)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_30_September_1639" title="Action of 30 September 1639">Mormugão</a> (1639)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malacca_(1641)" title="Siege of Malacca (1641)">Malacca</a> (1641)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Muscat_(1650)" class="mw-redirect" title="Capture of Muscat (1650)">Muscat</a> (1650)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_23_March_1654" class="mw-redirect" title="Action of 23 March 1654">Colombo</a> (1654)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_2_May_1654" title="Action of 2 May 1654">Colombo</a> (1654)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Daman_(1694)" title="Battle of Daman (1694)">Daman</a> (1694)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mombasa_(1696%E2%80%931698)" title="Siege of Mombasa (1696–1698)">Mombasa</a> (1696–98)</li></ul> <dl><dt>18th century</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Surat_(1704)" title="Battle of Surat (1704)">Surat</a> (1704)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Calicut_(1752)" title="Battle of Calicut (1752)">Calicut</a> (1752)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire" title="Portuguese Empire">Portuguese colonial campaigns</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Portuguese_colonial_campaigns" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Portuguese_colonial_campaigns" title="Template:Campaignbox Portuguese colonial campaigns"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Portuguese_colonial_campaigns" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Portuguese colonial campaigns"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Portuguese_colonial_campaigns" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Portuguese colonial campaigns"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Portuguese_colonial_campaigns" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire" title="Portuguese Empire"><span class="wrap">Portuguese colonial campaigns</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>15th century</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_conquest_of_Ceuta" title="Portuguese conquest of Ceuta">Morocco (1415)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ceuta_(1419)" title="Siege of Ceuta (1419)">Morocco (1419)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tangier_(1437)" title="Battle of Tangier (1437)">Morocco (1437)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_conquest_of_Ksar_es-Seghir" title="Portuguese conquest of Ksar es-Seghir">Morocco (1458)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tangier_(1463%E2%80%931464)" title="Siege of Tangier (1463–1464)">Morocco (1463–64)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anfa_expedition_(1468)" title="Anfa expedition (1468)">Morocco (1468)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Asilah" title="Conquest of Asilah">Morocco (1471)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_conquest_of_Tangier" title="Portuguese conquest of Tangier">Morocco (1471)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guinea" title="Battle of Guinea">Guinea (1478)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaouia_expedition" title="Chaouia expedition">Morocco (1487)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Graciosa_(1489)" title="Siege of Graciosa (1489)">Morocco (1489)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Targa_expedition_(1490)" title="Targa expedition (1490)">Morocco (1490)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>16th century</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Luso-Malabarese_War" title="First Luso-Malabarese War">India (1500–1513)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mers-el-K%C3%A9bir_(1501)" title="Battle of Mers-el-Kébir (1501)">Algeria (1501)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pandarane" title="Battle of Pandarane">India (1504)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mombasa_(1505)" title="Battle of Mombasa (1505)">East Africa (1505)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamluk%E2%80%93Portuguese_conflicts" title="Mamluk–Portuguese conflicts">Indian Ocean (1505–17)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Anjadiva_(1506)" title="Siege of Anjadiva (1506)">India (1506)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cannanore" title="Battle of Cannanore">India (1506)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Barawa" title="Battle of Barawa">East Africa (1507)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Cannanore_(1507)" title="Siege of Cannanore (1507)">India (1507)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Socotra" title="Battle of Socotra">Socotra (1507)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Muscat_(1507)" title="Capture of Muscat (1507)">Arabia (1507)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_conquest_of_Hormuz" title="Portuguese conquest of Hormuz">Persian Gulf (1507–15)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dabul" title="Battle of Dabul">India (1508)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Diu" title="Battle of Diu">India (1509)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_conquest_of_Goa" title="Portuguese conquest of Goa">India (1510)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Malacca_(1511)" title="Capture of Malacca (1511)">Malaysia (1511)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Azemmour" title="Battle of Azemmour">Morocco (1513)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tednest" title="Battle of Tednest">Morocco (1514)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Alcaides" title="Battle of the Alcaides">Morocco (1514)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_of_Marrakesh_(1515)" title="Raid of Marrakesh (1515)">Morocco (1515)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mamora_(1515)" title="Battle of Mamora (1515)">Morocco (1515)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_expedition_to_Doukkala_(1516)" title="Portuguese expedition to Doukkala (1516)">Morocco (1516)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zeila" title="Battle of Zeila">East Africa (1517)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Goa_(1517)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Goa (1517)">Goa (1517)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pago" title="Battle of Pago">Malaysia (1520)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinhalese%E2%80%93Portuguese_conflicts" title="Sinhalese–Portuguese conflicts">Sri Lanka (1520–1658)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aceh_(1521)" title="Battle of Aceh (1521)">Sumatra (1521)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_invasion_of_Bahrain" title="Portuguese invasion of Bahrain">Bahrain (1521)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Bintan_(1521)" title="Attack on Bintan (1521)">Insulindia (1521)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tunmen" title="Battle of Tunmen">China (1521)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedir_expedition_(1522)" title="Pedir expedition (1522)">Sumatra (1522)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ash-Shihr_(1523)" title="Battle of Ash-Shihr (1523)">Arabia (1523)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Muar_River" title="Battle of Muar River">Malaysia (1523)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acehnese_conquest_of_Pasai" title="Acehnese conquest of Pasai">Sumatra (1523–24)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lingga" title="Battle of Lingga">Insulindia (1525)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Insulindia (1526)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Calicut_(1526)" title="Siege of Calicut (1526)">India (1526)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Sunda_Kelapa" title="Conquest of Sunda Kelapa">Java (1527)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aceh_(1528)" title="Battle of Aceh (1528)">Sumatra (1528)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mombasa_(1528)" title="Battle of Mombasa (1528)">East Africa (1528)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bahrain_(1529)" title="Siege of Bahrain (1529)">Persian Gulf (1529)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ternatean%E2%80%93Portuguese_conflicts" title="Ternatean–Portuguese conflicts">Moluccas (1530–1607)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Diu_(1531)" title="Siege of Diu (1531)">India (1531)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Agadir_(1533)" title="Siege of Agadir (1533)">Morocco (1533)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Reishahr" title="Battle of Reishahr">Persian Gulf (1534)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Malacca_(1534)" title="Battle of Malacca (1534)">Malaysia (1534)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Tunis_(1535)" title="Conquest of Tunis (1535)">Tunis (1535)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ugentana" title="Battle of Ugentana">Malaysia (1535)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ugentana_(1536)" title="Battle of Ugentana (1536)">Malaysia (1536)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tidore" title="Battle of Tidore">Moluccas (1536)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iguape_War" title="Iguape War">Brazil (1534–1536)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Beadala_(1538)" title="Battle of Beadala (1538)">India (1538)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Diu_(1538)" title="Siege of Diu (1538)">India (1538)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Portuguese_conflicts_(1538%E2%80%931560)" title="Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1560)">Indian Ocean (1538–60)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Suakin_(1541)" title="Battle of Suakin (1541)">Red Sea (1541)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Jeddah_(1541)" title="Attack on Jeddah (1541)">Red Sea (1541)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_El_Tor" title="Battle of El Tor">Red Sea (1541)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Suez_(1541)" title="Battle of Suez (1541)">Red Sea (1541)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Massawa_(1541)" title="Battle of Massawa (1541)">Ethiopia (1541)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian%E2%80%93Adal_War" title="Ethiopian–Adal War">Ethiopia (1542)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Benadir" title="Battle of Benadir">East Africa (1542)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ba%C3%A7ente" title="Battle of Baçente">Ethiopia (1542)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jarte" title="Battle of Jarte">Ethiopia (1542)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Hill_of_the_Jews" title="Battle of the Hill of the Jews">Ethiopia (1542)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wofla" title="Battle of Wofla">Ethiopia (1542)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wayna_Daga" title="Battle of Wayna Daga">Ethiopia (1543)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Campar_(1543)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Campar (1543)">Malaysia (1543)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Jailolo" title="Attack on Jailolo">Insulindia (1545)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Diu_(1546)" title="Siege of Diu (1546)">India (1546)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bharuch" title="Battle of Bharuch">India (1547)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Perlis_River" title="Battle of Perlis River">Malaysia (1547)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Aden_(1548)" title="Capture of Aden (1548)">Arabia (1548)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Shihr_(1548)" title="Battle of al-Shihr (1548)">Arabia (1548)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jailolo_(1550)" title="Siege of Jailolo (1550)">Jailolo (1550)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Qatif_(1551)" title="Siege of Qatif (1551)">Persian Gulf (1551)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malacca_(1551)" title="Siege of Malacca (1551)">Malaysia (1551)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_campaign_against_Hormuz" title="Ottoman campaign against Hormuz">Arabia (1552–54)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Gulf_of_Oman" title="Battle of the Gulf of Oman">Gulf of Oman (1554)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Thatta" class="mw-redirect" title="Sack of Thatta">Pakistan (1557)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kotte_(1557%E2%80%931558)" title="Siege of Kotte (1557–1558)">Sri Lanka (1557–58)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rio_de_Janeiro_(1558)" title="Battle of Rio de Janeiro (1558)">Brazil (1558)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_conquest_of_Daman" title="Portuguese conquest of Daman">India (1559)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_invasion_of_the_Jaffna_kingdom_(1560)" title="Portuguese invasion of the Jaffna kingdom (1560)">Jaffna (1560)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Moji" title="Siege of Moji">Japan (1561)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Coast_(1562)" title="Battle of Cape Coast (1562)">Gold Coast (1562)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mazagan_(1562)" title="Siege of Mazagan (1562)">Morocco (1562)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Pe%C3%B1%C3%B3n_de_V%C3%A9lez_de_la_Gomera" class="mw-redirect" title="Conquest of Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera">Morocco (1564)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fukuda_Bay" title="Battle of Fukuda Bay">Japan (1565)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rio_de_Janeiro_(1567)" title="Battle of Rio de Janeiro (1567)">Brazil (1567)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malacca_(1568)" title="Siege of Malacca (1568)">Malacca (1568)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martim_Afonso_de_Sousa%27s_expedition_to_Brazil" title="Martim Afonso de Sousa's expedition to Brazil">Brazil (1569-73)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aceh_(1569)" title="Battle of Aceh (1569)">Sumatra (1569)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Gambia_River_(1570)" title="Battle of the Gambia River (1570)">Gambia (1570)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Goa_(1570%E2%80%931571)" title="Siege of Goa (1570–1571)">Goa (1570–1571)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Chaul_(1570%E2%80%931571)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Chaul (1570–1571)">Chaul (1570–1571)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Honavar_(1571)" title="Siege of Honavar (1571)"> Honavar (1571)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mangalore_(1571)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Mangalore (1571)"> Mangalore (1571)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Chaliyam" title="Siege of Chaliyam">Chale (1571)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_League_of_the_Indies" title="War of the League of the Indies">India (1570–75)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malacca_(1573)" title="Siege of Malacca (1573)">Malaysia (1573)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malacca_(1574)" title="Siege of Malacca (1574)">Malaysia (1574)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malacca_(1575)" title="Siege of Malacca (1575)">Malaysia (1575)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Alc%C3%A1cer_Quibir" title="Battle of Alcácer Quibir">Morocco (1578)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Anzele" title="Siege of Anzele">Angola (1580)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Daman_(1581)" title="Siege of Daman (1581)">India (1581)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Muscat_(1581)" title="Capture of Muscat (1581)">Arabia (1581)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Talandongo" title="Battle of Talandongo">Angola (1583)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Portuguese_conflicts_(1586%E2%80%931589)" title="Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1586–1589)">Indian Ocean (1586–89)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leitao_Coast" title="Battle of Leitao Coast">Persian Gulf (1586)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Johor_(1586)" title="Battle of Johor (1586)">Malaysia (1586)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Johor_(1587)" title="Siege of Johor (1587)">Malaysia (1587)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Colombo_(1587%E2%80%931588)" title="Siege of Colombo (1587–1588)">Sri Lanka (1587–88)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mombasa_(1589)" title="Battle of Mombasa (1589)">Mombasa (1589)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portudal%E2%80%93Joal_Massacre" title="Portudal–Joal Massacre">Senegal (1589)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_invasion_of_the_Jaffna_kingdom_(1591)" title="Portuguese invasion of the Jaffna kingdom (1591)">Jaffna (1591)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kottakkal" title="Siege of Kottakkal">India (1599–1600)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>17th century</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bantam" title="Battle of Bantam">Java (1601)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aceh_expedition_(1606)" title="Aceh expedition (1606)">Sumatra (1606)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malacca_(1606)" title="Siege of Malacca (1606)">Malaysia (1606)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Rachado" title="Battle of Cape Rachado">Malaysia (1606)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Seal_Ship_incident_(1609)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Seal Ship incident (1609)">China (1609)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Swally" title="Battle of Swally">India (1612)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_conquest_of_Maranh%C3%A3o" title="Portuguese conquest of Maranhão">Brazil (1612–1615)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Cambar%C3%A3o" title="Capture of Cambarão">Persian Gulf (1614)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Formoso_River" title="Battle of Formoso River">Malaysia (1615)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_attack_on_the_Catherine_(1618)" title="Portuguese attack on the Catherine (1618)">Gambia (1618)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_conquest_of_the_Jaffna_kingdom" title="Portuguese conquest of the Jaffna kingdom">Jaffna (1619)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Crapp%C3%A9%27s_raids_on_Portuguese_colonies" title="Roland Crappé's raids on Portuguese colonies">Coromandel Coast (1619)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Persian_capture_of_Qeshm" title="Anglo-Persian capture of Qeshm">Persian Gulf (1621–22)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Koneswaram_Temple" title="Conquest of Koneswaram Temple">Trincomalee (1622)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Persian_capture_of_Hormuz" title="Anglo-Persian capture of Hormuz">Persian Gulf (1622)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Macau" title="Battle of Macau">China (1622)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mbumbi" title="Battle of Mbumbi">Angola (1622)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mbanda_Kasi" title="Battle of Mbanda Kasi">Angola (1623)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Bahia" title="Capture of Bahia">Brazil (1624)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filips_van_Zuylen%27s_campaign_agaisnt_Luanda" title="Filips van Zuylen's campaign agaisnt Luanda">Angola (1624)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_1_February_1625" class="mw-redirect" title="Action of 1 February 1625">Persian Gulf (1625)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recapture_of_Bahia" title="Recapture of Bahia">Brazil (1625)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Elmina_(1625)" title="Battle of Elmina (1625)">Gold Coast (1625)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Langat_River" title="Battle of Langat River">Malaysia (1628)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Duyon_River" title="Battle of Duyon River">Malacca (1629)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_Flensborg" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinking of the Flensborg">Cape of Good Hope (1630)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Recife_(1630)" title="Siege of Recife (1630)">Brazil (1630)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jambi" title="Battle of Jambi">Jambi (1630)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Abrolhos" title="Battle of Abrolhos">Brazil (1631)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yusuf_ibn_al-Hasan#Portuguese_expedition_to_Mombasa_1632" title="Yusuf ibn al-Hasan">East Africa (1632)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Hooghly" title="Siege of Hooghly">Bengal (1632)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Julfar" title="Capture of Julfar">Arabia (1633)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Sohar" class="mw-redirect" title="Capture of Sohar">Arabia (1633–43)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mata_Redonda" title="Battle of Mata Redonda">Brazil (1636)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Elmina_(1637)" title="Battle of Elmina (1637)">Gold Coast (1637)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Goa_(1638)" title="Battle of Goa (1638)">India (1638)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Salvador_(1638)" title="Siege of Salvador (1638)">Brazil (1638)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Daman_(1638%E2%80%931639)" title="Siege of Daman (1638–1639)">India (1638–39)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_30_September_1639" title="Action of 30 September 1639">India (1639)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_12%E2%80%9317_January_1640" title="Action of 12–17 January 1640">Brazil (1640)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazagan_Ambush_(1640)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mazagan Ambush (1640)">Morocco (1640)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malacca_(1641)" title="Siege of Malacca (1641)">Malaysia (1640–41)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recapture_of_Angola" title="Recapture of Angola">Angola (1641–48)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mboror%C3%A9" title="Battle of Mbororé">Brazil (1641)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dano-Carical_Conflict" title="Dano-Carical Conflict">India (1644–45)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tabocas" title="Battle of Tabocas">Brazil (1645)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Casa_Forte" title="Battle of Casa Forte">Brazil (1645)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kombi" title="Battle of Kombi">Angola (1647)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Guararapes" title="First Battle of Guararapes">Brazil (1648)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Guararapes" title="Second Battle of Guararapes">Brazil (1649)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Muscat_(1650)" class="mw-redirect" title="Capture of Muscat (1650)">Arabia (1650)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recapture_of_Recife_(1652%E2%80%931654)" title="Recapture of Recife (1652–1654)">Brazil (1652–54)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_23_March_1654" class="mw-redirect" title="Action of 23 March 1654">1st Sri Lanka (1654)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_2_May_1654" title="Action of 2 May 1654">2nd Sri Lanka (1654)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mannar_(1658)" title="Battle of Mannar (1658)">Mannar (1658)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Malabar" class="mw-redirect" title="Conquest of Malabar">Malabar (1658–63)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marg%C3%A3o_(1659)" title="Battle of Margão (1659)">Margão (1659)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mbwila" title="Battle of Mbwila">Angola (1665)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conjuration_of_Our_Father" title="Conjuration of Our Father">Brazil (1666)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mbidizi_River" title="Battle of Mbidizi River">Angola (1670)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kitombo" title="Battle of Kitombo">Angola (1670)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pungo_Andongo" title="Battle of Pungo Andongo">Angola (1671)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Katole" title="Battle of Katole">Angola (1681)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_of_Bassein_(1693)" class="mw-redirect" title="Campaign of Bassein (1693)">India (1693)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mombasa_(1696%E2%80%931698)" title="Siege of Mombasa (1696–1698)">East Africa (1696–98)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>18th century</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Surat_(1704)" title="Battle of Surat (1704)">India (1704)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rio_de_Janeiro_(1710)" title="Battle of Rio de Janeiro (1710)">Brazil (1710)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Battle of Rio de Janeiro">Brazil (1711)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinda_Expedition" title="Cabinda Expedition">Angola (1723)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maratha%E2%80%93Portuguese_War_(1729%E2%80%931732)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maratha–Portuguese War (1729–1732)">India (1729–32)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93Portuguese_War_(1735%E2%80%931737)" title="Spanish–Portuguese War (1735–1737)">Banda Oriental (1735–37)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Alorna" title="Siege of Alorna">India (1746)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tiracol" title="Siege of Tiracol">India (1746)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Calicut_(1752)" title="Battle of Calicut (1752)">India (1752)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guaran%C3%AD_War" title="Guaraní War">Brazil (1756)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastic_War" title="Fantastic War">Brazil (1762–63)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Cevallos_expedition" title="First Cevallos expedition">Banda Oriental and Rio Grande do Sul (1762–63)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mazagan_(1769)" title="Siege of Mazagan (1769)">Morocco (1769)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese%E2%80%93Ovimbundu_War" title="Portuguese–Ovimbundu War">Angola (1774–1778)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93Portuguese_War_(1776%E2%80%931777)" title="Spanish–Portuguese War (1776–1777)">Banda Oriental (1776–77)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>19th century</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_conquest_of_French_Guiana" title="Portuguese conquest of French Guiana">French Guiana (1809)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Tiger%27s_Mouth" title="Battle of the Tiger's Mouth">China (1809–10)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_conquest_of_the_Banda_Oriental" title="Portuguese conquest of the Banda Oriental">Banda Oriental (1816–20)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_War_of_Independence" title="Brazilian War of Independence">Brazil (1821–25)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolt_of_the_Faiti%C3%B5es" title="Revolt of the Faitiões">China (1846)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal-Angoche_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Portugal-Angoche conflict">Mozambique (1847–1910)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passale%C3%A3o_incident" title="Passaleão incident">China (1849)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marracuene" title="Battle of Marracuene">Mozambique (1895)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Coolela" title="Battle of Coolela">Mozambique (1895)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>20th century</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bailundo_revolt" title="Bailundo revolt">Angola (1902–04)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mufilo" title="Battle of Mufilo">Angola (1907)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timorese_rebellion_of_1911%E2%80%931912" title="East Timorese rebellion of 1911–1912">East Timor (1911–12)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_campaign_in_Angola" title="German campaign in Angola">Angola (1914–15)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolongongo_War" title="Kolongongo War"> Angola (1914–1917)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_African_campaign_(World_War_I)" title="East African campaign (World War I)">Mozambique (1917–18)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barue_uprising" title="Barue uprising">Mozambique (1917-18)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Timor" title="Battle of Timor">Timor (1942–43)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Dadra_and_Nagar_Haveli" title="Annexation of Dadra and Nagar Haveli">India (1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Goa" title="Annexation of Goa">India (1961)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Colonial_War" title="Portuguese Colonial War">Africa (1961–74)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angolan_War_of_Independence" title="Angolan War of Independence">Angola (1961–74)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau_War_of_Independence" title="Guinea-Bissau War of Independence">Guinea-Bissau (1963–74)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambican_War_of_Independence" title="Mozambican War of Independence">Mozambique (1964–74)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>The <b>siege of Bintan of 1526</b> was a military operation in which Portuguese forces successfully sieged, assaulted and destroyed the city of <a href="/wiki/Bintan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bintan">Bintan</a> (<i>Bintão</i>, in Portuguese), capital of the former <a href="/wiki/Malacca_Sultanate" title="Malacca Sultanate">Sultan of Malacca</a> <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_Shah_of_Malacca" title="Mahmud Shah of Malacca">Mahmud Shah</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Context">Context</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Bintan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Context"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1511, the second Governor of Portuguese India <a href="/wiki/Afonso_de_Albuquerque" title="Afonso de Albuquerque">Afonso de Albuquerque</a> captured the Malay city of <a href="/wiki/Malacca" title="Malacca">Malacca</a>. Sultan <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_Shah_of_Malacca" title="Mahmud Shah of Malacca">Mahmud Shah</a> fled with his forces to <a href="/wiki/Bintan_Island" title="Bintan Island">Bintan</a>, where he usurped its ruler. He built a new city and fleet there, and continuously harassed <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Malacca" title="Portuguese Malacca">Portuguese Malacca</a> and its shipping. </p><p>The captain of Malacca, Dom <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Mascarenhas" title="Pedro Mascarenhas">Pedro Mascarenhas</a> had dispatched a flotilla of oarships to Bintan to blockade it.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Promoted by King <a href="/wiki/John_III_of_Portugal" title="John III of Portugal">John III</a> to the position of Governor of India in 1526 but unable to sail to <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Goa" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese Goa">Goa</a> due to the weather, Dom Pedro decided to take advantage of the unusually high number of soldiers then available at Malacca to put an end to the threat posed by Mahmud Shah.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pedro Mascarenhas first put a rumour into circulation that his expedition was to carry out the construction of a fort at the <a href="/wiki/Sunda_Strait" title="Sunda Strait">Sunda Strait</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He departed Malacca on October 23, 1526, with a <a href="/wiki/Galleon" title="Galleon">galleon</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Carrack" title="Carrack">carrack</a>, two small carracks, two <a href="/wiki/Caravel" title="Caravel">caravels</a>, one <a href="/wiki/Galley" title="Galley">galley</a>, one half-galley, five light-galleys and two armed batels equipped with heavy caliber <i>camelos</i> and <a href="/wiki/Pavise" title="Pavise">pavises</a>, bearing about 600 Portuguese soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro1_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were further supported by an unrecorded number of <i>escravos de peleja</i> ("combat slaves") and 400 auxiliary Malays, under the command of Tuão Mafamede.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro1_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_siege">The siege</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Bintan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The siege"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_map_Indonesia_Bintan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Location_map_Indonesia_Bintan.png/220px-Location_map_Indonesia_Bintan.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Location_map_Indonesia_Bintan.png/330px-Location_map_Indonesia_Bintan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Location_map_Indonesia_Bintan.png/440px-Location_map_Indonesia_Bintan.png 2x" data-file-width="784" data-file-height="766" /></a><figcaption>The Island of Bintan.</figcaption></figure> <p>The city of Bintan was located on a small island, connected by a fortified bridge to a larger crescent-shaped island that surrounded it. The Portuguese found its main defenses to be the <a href="/wiki/Mangrove" title="Mangrove">mangrove</a> swamps that made landings perilous, complemented by a moat surrounding the city, poisoned timber stakes, and a tall stockade furnished with artillery.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro1_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Heavy ships like the galleons and carracks could only approach the city via a narrow canal, which was blocked by vertical wooden stakes driven into the seabed.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro1_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On a small hill in the middle of the city, surrounded by another stockade furnished with artillery stood the fortified dwellings of Sultan Mahmud. However, the sultan's fleet had been reduced to 20 oarships that had survived a <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lingga" title="Battle of Lingga">recent battle</a> with the Portuguese at Linga.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although Mascarenhas could assault the city with only his light oarvessels, he decided instead for a safer drawn-out siege, where he would blockade the island and slowly remove all the stakes from the canal, allowing the larger ships to bombard the city with their heavy artillery when it was assaulted.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro2_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_approach_to_the_city">The approach to the city</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Bintan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The approach to the city"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Galleon,_Carracks,_Galley_and_Galeota-_Routemap_of_the_Red_Sea-1540_by_D._Jo%C3%A3o_de_Castro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Galleon%2C_Carracks%2C_Galley_and_Galeota-_Routemap_of_the_Red_Sea-1540_by_D._Jo%C3%A3o_de_Castro.jpg/220px-Galleon%2C_Carracks%2C_Galley_and_Galeota-_Routemap_of_the_Red_Sea-1540_by_D._Jo%C3%A3o_de_Castro.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Galleon%2C_Carracks%2C_Galley_and_Galeota-_Routemap_of_the_Red_Sea-1540_by_D._Jo%C3%A3o_de_Castro.jpg/330px-Galleon%2C_Carracks%2C_Galley_and_Galeota-_Routemap_of_the_Red_Sea-1540_by_D._Jo%C3%A3o_de_Castro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Galleon%2C_Carracks%2C_Galley_and_Galeota-_Routemap_of_the_Red_Sea-1540_by_D._Jo%C3%A3o_de_Castro.jpg/440px-Galleon%2C_Carracks%2C_Galley_and_Galeota-_Routemap_of_the_Red_Sea-1540_by_D._Jo%C3%A3o_de_Castro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="734" /></a><figcaption>Portuguese galleon, carracks, round-caravel and oarships, depicted by Dom João de Castro in <i>Roteiro do Mar Roxo</i>, 1540.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Portuguese began by bombarding a <a href="/wiki/Stockade" title="Stockade">stockade</a> Mahmud Shah had built on an islet by the entrance to the canal, with the galleon, a carrack and the two batels protected by pavises and heavy rope mats.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro2_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Sultan's forces responded with their own artillery which was lighter than those of the Portuguese.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro2_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unable to seriously damage their vessels, the Sultan's forces abandoned the islet an hour later and the Portuguese captured 20 light artillery pieces there.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro2_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following day, the Portuguese proceeded in similar manner against another stockade located on another islet protecting the channel, which was likewise abandoned.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro2_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Portuguese then set about painstakingly removing the hundreds of wooden stakes blocking the entrance of the heavy ships, and made of a wood the Portuguese dubbed <i>pau-ferro</i>, literally, "iron-wood", all while under fire of the Sultan's artillery.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro3_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After ten days, the Portuguese were attacked by a flotilla of 30 <i>lancharas</i> and 2,000 men dispatched by an ally of Sultan Mahmud, the <a href="/wiki/Sultan_of_Pahang" title="Sultan of Pahang">Sultan of Pahang</a>, then at war with the Portuguese.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro3_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They retreated after a stiff but brief fight in which the Portuguese captured 18 vessels.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro3_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After 24 days, all stakes had been removed and the Portuguese anchored their fleet close to the main bulwark that defended the city and the bridge.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro4_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Battle_within_the_channel">Battle within the channel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Bintan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Battle within the channel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Very early the following day, the Sultan's forces attacked the Portuguese galley and caravel with their 20 oarships as they were closest to the city.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro4_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both vessels were grappled and boarded, but the Sultan's forces were unable to overcome their defenders before being forced to retreat by the two Portuguese longboats equipped with heavy-caliber artillery, led by Pedro de Mascarenhas, who had boarded a boat with twenty soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro4_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 13 oarships were captured, and the Sultan's admiral was found among the dead.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro4_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assault_on_the_city">Assault on the city</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Bintan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Assault on the city"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:D._Pedro_Mascarenhas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/D._Pedro_Mascarenhas.jpg/220px-D._Pedro_Mascarenhas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="378" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/D._Pedro_Mascarenhas.jpg/330px-D._Pedro_Mascarenhas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/D._Pedro_Mascarenhas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="425" data-file-height="731" /></a><figcaption>Dom Pedro Mascarenhas.</figcaption></figure> <p>That night, the Portuguese learned from a Malay boy that the city could be most easily stormed via the bridge, and this information was confirmed by a Portuguese POW who had fled the city.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro4_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Very early on the following day, Mascarenhas landed 100 Portuguese soldiers and 300 Malays on the island on which the city of Bintan stood, and under the protection of the ships artillery had a small stockade equipped with light artillery built on the beach.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro5_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Believing the Portuguese would assault the city from there, the Sultan's forces concentrated most of their forces on the city facing that side.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro5_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As midnight approached however, Mascarenhas personally led 300 Portuguese soldiers, 100 combat slaves and Malay auxiliaries ashore on the crescent shaped island, through the muddy mangrove swamp that at times covered the Portuguese to their waists, in the middle of pitch-black darkness in absolute silence.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro5_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As day broke, the Portuguese fleet opened fire and its crewmen landed as they sounded their trumpets, which drew the attention of the Sultan's forces away from the bridge.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro5_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mascarenhas ordered the assault on the stockade that defended the entrance to the bridge, the Portuguese throwing clay bombs filled with gunpowder, sending its few defenders into a flight.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro5_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city was then stormed, the sailors having taken part in the assault, throwing clay bombs.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro5_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 10am the city had been taken.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro5_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>That day, the Portuguese were joined by their ally, the Sultan of Linga, accompanied by 20 oarvessels, who helped with mop-up operations.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Bintan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Banner_of_the_Order_of_Christ.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Banner_of_the_Order_of_Christ.svg/220px-Banner_of_the_Order_of_Christ.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Banner_of_the_Order_of_Christ.svg/330px-Banner_of_the_Order_of_Christ.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Banner_of_the_Order_of_Christ.svg/440px-Banner_of_the_Order_of_Christ.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Banner with the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Christ_Cross" title="Order of Christ Cross">Cross of the Order of Christ</a>, used by the Portuguese on land and sea in the 16th century.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Portuguese captured rich spoil, including 300 pieces of artillery.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city was then torched. The islands of Bintan were then restored to its former ruler, whom Sultan Mahmud had displaced and who agreed to become an ally of Portugal.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro5_9-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Correia,_1862,_91_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Correia,_1862,_91-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Portuguese managed to capture a great number of the sultan's court, servants, harem and part of his royal treasure in the vicinity of the city, where they killed many who had not been able to flee in time.<sup id="cite_ref-Correia,_1862,_91_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Correia,_1862,_91-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The harem was gifted to the Sultan of Linga, an ally of the Portuguese. Mascarenhas remained in Bintan for 15 days, capturing and dividing spoils, organizing the voyage back home, and hunting for those who had fled, but which the Portuguese found impossible to pursue into the jungle.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mahmud Shah had been among the first to flee the city, and he survived the battle. The Sultan escaped through the jungle and fled to <a href="/wiki/Kampar_Regency" title="Kampar Regency">Kampar</a> on <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>, where he died two years later.<sup id="cite_ref-monteiro5_9-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monteiro5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The defeat of the former Sultan of Malacca at Bintan impressed many rulers around the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Malacca" title="Strait of Malacca">Strait of Malacca</a>, who sent the Portuguese embassies seeking treaties, which afforded Malacca great prosperity for many years after.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Bintan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Malacca" title="Portuguese Malacca">Portuguese Malacca</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Bintan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Correia, 1862, 86</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gaspar Correia, <i>Lendas da Índia</i> 1862 edition, tome III, Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, p.86</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-monteiro2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro2_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro2_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro2_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro2_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro2_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro2_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro2_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Monteiro: 1991, p.105.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-correia-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-correia_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-correia_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Correia, 1862, p.85</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">João de Barros: <i>Décadas da Ásia</i>, decade IV, book I, p.28</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-monteiro1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro1_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro1_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro1_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro1_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Saturnino Monteiro: <i>Batalhas e Combates da Marinha Portuguesa 1139-1975</i> volume II, Livraria Sá da Costa Editora, 1991, p.103.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-monteiro3-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro3_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro3_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro3_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Monteiro: 1991, p.106.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-monteiro4-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro4_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro4_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro4_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro4_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro4_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Monteiro: 1991, p.107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-monteiro5-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro5_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro5_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro5_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro5_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro5_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro5_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro5_9-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro5_9-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monteiro5_9-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Monteiro: 1991, p.109-110.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Correia, 1862, 88</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">João de Barros: <i>Décadas da Ásia</i>, decade IV, book I, p.38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Correia,_1862,_91-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Correia,_1862,_91_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Correia,_1862,_91_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Correia, 1862, 91</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Correia, 1862, p.91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Correia, 1862, 92.</span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Bintan&oldid=1251249408">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Bintan&oldid=1251249408</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a 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