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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Participating_nations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opening_ceremony" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opening_ceremony"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Opening ceremony</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opening_ceremony-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Summary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Summary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Summary</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Summary-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Summary subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Summary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Archery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Archery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Athletics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Athletics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Athletics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Athletics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Basketball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basketball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Basketball</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basketball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boxing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boxing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Boxing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boxing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canoeing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canoeing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Canoeing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canoeing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cycling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cycling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Cycling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cycling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diving" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diving"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Diving</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diving-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Equestrian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equestrian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Equestrian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Equestrian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fencing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fencing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>Fencing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fencing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Field_hockey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Field_hockey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.10</span> <span>Field hockey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Field_hockey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gymnastics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gymnastics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.11</span> <span>Gymnastics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gymnastics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Handball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Handball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.12</span> <span>Handball</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Handball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.13</span> <span>Judo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_pentathlon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_pentathlon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.14</span> <span>Modern pentathlon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_pentathlon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rowing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rowing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.15</span> <span>Rowing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rowing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sailing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sailing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.16</span> <span>Sailing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sailing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shooting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shooting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.17</span> <span>Shooting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shooting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Swimming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Swimming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.18</span> <span>Swimming</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Swimming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Table_tennis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Table_tennis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.19</span> <span>Table tennis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Table_tennis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tennis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tennis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.20</span> <span>Tennis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tennis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Volleyball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Volleyball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.21</span> <span>Volleyball</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Volleyball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Water_polo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water_polo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.22</span> <span>Water polo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water_polo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Weightlifting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Weightlifting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.23</span> <span>Weightlifting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Weightlifting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wrestling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wrestling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.24</span> <span>Wrestling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wrestling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medal_table" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medal_table"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Medal table</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medal_table-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comparisons_to_the_Olympic_Games" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comparisons_to_the_Olympic_Games"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Comparisons to the Olympic Games</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comparisons_to_the_Olympic_Games-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Aftermath</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Venues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Venues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Venues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Venues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Friendship Games</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 24 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A9" title="ألعاب الصداقة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ألعاب الصداقة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0-1984" title="Дружба-1984 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дружба-1984" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dru%C5%BEba_84" title="Družba 84 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Družba 84" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wettk%C3%A4mpfe_der_Freundschaft" title="Wettkämpfe der Freundschaft – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wettkämpfe der Freundschaft" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984._aasta_s%C3%B5prusm%C3%A4ngud" title="1984. aasta sõprusmängud – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1984. aasta sõprusmängud" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juegos_de_la_Amistad" title="Juegos de la Amistad – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Juegos de la Amistad" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="بازی‌های دوستی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بازی‌های دوستی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeux_de_l%27Amiti%C3%A9_(1984)" title="Jeux de l'Amitié (1984) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jeux de l'Amitié (1984)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A0%8C%EB%93%9C%EC%8B%AD_%EA%B2%8C%EC%9E%84" title="프렌드십 게임 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프렌드십 게임" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesta_Olahraga_Persahabatan" title="Pesta Olahraga Persahabatan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pesta Olahraga Persahabatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giochi_dell%27Amicizia" title="Giochi dell'Amicizia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Giochi dell'Amicizia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%A7%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%93%D7%99%D7%93%D7%95%D7%AA_1984" title="משחקי הידידות 1984 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="משחקי הידידות 1984" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadraudz%C4%ABbas_sp%C4%93les" title="Sadraudzības spēles – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sadraudzības spēles" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar%C3%A1ts%C3%A1g_versenyek" title="Barátság versenyek – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Barátság versenyek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vriendschapsspelen" title="Vriendschapsspelen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vriendschapsspelen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%82%B7%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E3%82%BA" title="フレンドシップ・ゲームズ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フレンドシップ・ゲームズ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vennskapslekene" title="Vennskapslekene – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vennskapslekene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przyja%C5%BA%C5%84-84" title="Przyjaźń-84 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Przyjaźń-84" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Druzhba-84" title="Druzhba-84 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Druzhba-84" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0-84" title="Дружба-84 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дружба-84" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dru%C5%BEba_84" title="Družba 84 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Družba 84" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yst%C3%A4vyyden_kisat" title="Ystävyyden kisat – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ystävyyden kisat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A4nskapsspelen" title="Vänskapsspelen – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vänskapsspelen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0-84" title="Дружба-84 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Дружба-84" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1984 international multi-sport event</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the sporting event held in 1984. For the sporting event planned to be held in 2025, see <a href="/wiki/2024_World_Friendship_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 World Friendship Games">2024 World Friendship Games</a>. For the 2015 film, see <a href="/wiki/My_Little_Pony:_Equestria_Girls_%E2%80%93_Friendship_Games" title="My Little Pony: Equestria Girls – Friendship Games">My Little Pony: Equestria Girls – Friendship Games</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">1984 Friendship Games</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Drujba_84.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Drujba_84.svg/110px-Drujba_84.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Drujba_84.svg/165px-Drujba_84.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Drujba_84.svg/220px-Drujba_84.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Friendship Games logo</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data note">Sport, Friendship, Peace</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Purpose</th><td class="infobox-data">For athletes from countries of the "people's democracy" and substitution of the <a href="/wiki/1984_Summer_Olympics" title="1984 Summer Olympics">1984 Summer Olympics</a> (<i>unofficially</i>)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>1984 Friendship Games</b>, or <b>Friendship-84</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Дружба-84</span>, <i>Druzhba-84</i>), was an international <a href="/wiki/Multi-sport_event" title="Multi-sport event">multi-sport event</a> held between 2 July and 16 September 1984 in the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> and eight other <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a> states which <a href="/wiki/1984_Summer_Olympics_boycott" title="1984 Summer Olympics boycott">boycotted</a> the <a href="/wiki/1984_Summer_Olympics" title="1984 Summer Olympics">1984 Summer Olympics</a> in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>. </p><p>Although Friendship Games officials denied that the Games were a counter-Olympic event<sup id="cite_ref-Eastern-bloc-exceed_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eastern-bloc-exceed-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-what-might-have-been_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-what-might-have-been-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to avoid conflicts with the <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Eastern-bloc-exceed_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eastern-bloc-exceed-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-generic-competition_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-generic-competition-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-peace-dominating_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-peace-dominating-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the competition was often dubbed the Soviet Bloc's "alternative Olympics".<sup id="cite_ref-generic-competition_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-generic-competition-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Prague-Conference_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prague-Conference-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Soviet-officials-shy_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soviet-officials-shy-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ted-Turner1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ted-Turner1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some fifty states took part in the competition. While the boycotting countries were represented by their strongest athletes, other states sent their reserve teams, consisting of athletes who failed to qualify for the games in Los Angeles.<sup id="cite_ref-what-might-have-been_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-what-might-have-been-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Juan_Antonio_Samaranch_DF-ST-01-00128.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Juan_Antonio_Samaranch_DF-ST-01-00128.jpg/220px-Juan_Antonio_Samaranch_DF-ST-01-00128.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Juan_Antonio_Samaranch_DF-ST-01-00128.jpg/330px-Juan_Antonio_Samaranch_DF-ST-01-00128.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Juan_Antonio_Samaranch_DF-ST-01-00128.jpg/440px-Juan_Antonio_Samaranch_DF-ST-01-00128.jpg 2x" data-file-width="855" data-file-height="935" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Juan_Antonio_Samaranch" title="Juan Antonio Samaranch">Juan Antonio Samaranch</a> (<i>2000 photograph</i>), <a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_International_Olympic_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidents of the International Olympic Committee">President of the IOC</a>, held a conference with the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a> countries in May 1984, attempting to change their decision on boycotting the <a href="/wiki/1984_Summer_Olympics" title="1984 Summer Olympics">Los Angeles Olympics</a>. Instead, the socialist states used this meeting to discuss details of their own multi-sport event, the Friendship Games. Samaranch's only success was <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Socialist Republic of Romania">Romania</a>'s confirmation that it would not join the boycott.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/1984_Summer_Olympics_boycott" title="1984 Summer Olympics boycott">1984 Summer Olympics boycott</a></div> <p>On 8 May 1984, less than three months before the <a href="/wiki/1984_Summer_Olympics" title="1984 Summer Olympics">1984 Summer Olympics</a> were scheduled to begin, the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> announced its decision to boycott the Games, citing lack of security for Soviet athletes in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Soviet-pullout-rocks-Games_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soviet-pullout-rocks-Games-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Telegraph_Agency_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union">TASS</a> news agency further accused the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> of trying to "exploit the Games for its political purposes"<sup id="cite_ref-Alternate-Games-Would-Repudiate-Charter_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alternate-Games-Would-Repudiate-Charter-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> stating that the "arrogant, hegemonic course of the Washington administration in international relations is at odds with the noble ideals of the Olympic movement".<sup id="cite_ref-Alternate-Games-Would-Repudiate-Charter_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alternate-Games-Would-Repudiate-Charter-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an article published by the <i><a href="/wiki/London_Evening_Standard" class="mw-redirect" title="London Evening Standard">London Evening Standard</a></i> several hours before the official announcement, <a href="/wiki/Victor_Louis_(journalist)" title="Victor Louis (journalist)">Victor Louis</a> – a Soviet journalist writing for the Western press and thought to be used by the <a href="/wiki/Kremlin" title="Kremlin">Kremlin</a> as an unofficial means of leaking information to the West<sup id="cite_ref-Afghanistan-Joins-Boycott_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Afghanistan-Joins-Boycott-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bulgaria-pulls-out-Reagan-intervenes_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bulgaria-pulls-out-Reagan-intervenes-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – first informed the world of the USSR's decision to boycott, adding that detailed plans for the "Soviet bloc's alternative games" had already been made. Louis claimed they would "probably be announced at the last minute to throw the American organization into chaos".<sup id="cite_ref-Bulgaria-pulls-out-Reagan-intervenes_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bulgaria-pulls-out-Reagan-intervenes-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The article named <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> as the possible host country.<sup id="cite_ref-Bulgaria-pulls-out-Reagan-intervenes_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bulgaria-pulls-out-Reagan-intervenes-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 10 May, Bulgaria became the first Soviet ally to join the boycott,<sup id="cite_ref-Bulgaria-pulls-out-Reagan-intervenes_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bulgaria-pulls-out-Reagan-intervenes-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> soon followed by <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a> (also 10 May),<sup id="cite_ref-East-Germany-withdraws-from-Summer-Games_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-East-Germany-withdraws-from-Summer-Games-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_People%27s_Republic" title="Mongolian People's Republic">Mongolia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> (both 11 May).<sup id="cite_ref-Vietnam-Mongolia-join-Games-bailout_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vietnam-Mongolia-join-Games-bailout-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Louis wrote another article on 13 May, for the French <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Journal_du_Dimanche" title="Le Journal du Dimanche">Le Journal du Dimanche</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Afghanistan-Joins-Boycott_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Afghanistan-Joins-Boycott-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> once again stating that the Soviet Union was contemplating counter-Olympic Games, possibly held in <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a>, the capital of Bulgaria. However, this time he noted that the idea was unlikely, as the Soviets feared that organizing such an event might prompt the <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a> to exclude the USSR.<sup id="cite_ref-Afghanistan-Joins-Boycott_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Afghanistan-Joins-Boycott-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the same day, Soviet sports commentator Vsevolod Kuskuskin, during an interview for <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a> television program <i><a href="/wiki/This_Week_(ABC_TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="This Week (ABC TV series)">This Week with David Brinkley</a></i>, said the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a> would definitely not organize such games.<sup id="cite_ref-Afghanistan-Joins-Boycott_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Afghanistan-Joins-Boycott-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also on 13 May, <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Socialist_Republic" title="Czechoslovak Socialist Republic">Czechoslovakia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Afghanistan" title="Democratic Republic of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> announced their decision to boycott the Los Angeles games.<sup id="cite_ref-Afghanistan-Joins-Boycott_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Afghanistan-Joins-Boycott-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Czechoslovakia-Laos-join-the-list_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Czechoslovakia-Laos-join-the-list-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 14 May, Marat Gramov, head of the Soviet Olympic Committee, called a press conference to discuss the boycott.<sup id="cite_ref-Soviets-slamming_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soviets-slamming-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the conference, Gramov assured "Moscow would not support any alternative games staged to compete with the Olympics".<sup id="cite_ref-Soviets-slamming_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soviets-slamming-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the same day, <a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Republic" title="Polish People's Republic">Poland</a> stated that, while Eastern Bloc officials had vetoed a counter-Olympics idea, the Bloc would instead "sponsor sports events in various nations as a substitute for participation in the Los Angeles games",<sup id="cite_ref-Soviets-slamming_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soviets-slamming-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> holding them at a different time than the Olympics.<sup id="cite_ref-Soviets-slamming_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soviets-slamming-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Republic" title="Hungarian People's Republic">Hungary</a> became the ninth country to boycott the 1984 Summer Olympics on 16 May, followed by Poland a day later.<sup id="cite_ref-Hungary-joins_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hungary-joins-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Poland-10th_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poland-10th-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 20 May, Olaf Brockmann of Austrian newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Presse" title="Die Presse">Die Presse</a></i>, citing Alexander Ushakov, head trainer of the Soviet decathlon team, said Eastern Bloc countries were hastily arranging a series of sports events.<sup id="cite_ref-Soviet-Bloc-Discussing_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soviet-Bloc-Discussing-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brockmann named five competitions: two track and field athletics meets, one to be held in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>, Czechoslovakia, and the other in <a href="/wiki/East_Berlin" title="East Berlin">East Berlin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Potsdam" title="Potsdam">Potsdam</a>, East Germany; plus fencing, modern pentathlon and boxing events to be held in Poland.<sup id="cite_ref-Soviet-Bloc-Discussing_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soviet-Bloc-Discussing-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ushakov reportedly said the events would be held either before or after the Olympics, to avoid conflicts with the IOC, which would ban any form of counter-Olympic Games.<sup id="cite_ref-Soviet-Bloc-Discussing_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soviet-Bloc-Discussing-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Juan_Antonio_Samaranch" title="Juan Antonio Samaranch">Juan Antonio Samaranch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_International_Olympic_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidents of the International Olympic Committee">President of the IOC</a>, held a conference with National Olympic Committees of eleven Eastern Bloc countries (eight of the boycotting states – Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland, the Soviet Union and Vietnam – plus <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Socialist Republic of Romania">Romania</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Communist-nations-plan_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Communist-nations-plan-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Prague, Czechoslovakia, starting on 21 May.<sup id="cite_ref-Communist-leaders_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Communist-leaders-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Samaranch hoped to convince the boycotting states to change their position,<sup id="cite_ref-Communist-leaders_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Communist-leaders-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but while Romania assured him it would attend the 1984 Summer Olympics,<sup id="cite_ref-Prague-Conference_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prague-Conference-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Communist-nations-plan_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Communist-nations-plan-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the remaining ten countries did not change their stance and even used the meeting to discuss "their own summer games".<sup id="cite_ref-Prague-Conference_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prague-Conference-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Communist-nations-plan_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Communist-nations-plan-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The official announcement was made by Antonin Himl, president of the Czechoslovak Olympic Committee, who appeared on Prague television on 24 May.<sup id="cite_ref-Prague-Conference_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prague-Conference-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Communist-nations-plan_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Communist-nations-plan-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Himl said that, after the Olympic Games ended, various Eastern bloc countries would hold their own sport events in Olympic disciplines.<sup id="cite_ref-Communist-nations-plan_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Communist-nations-plan-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Himl stated that the games' intention would be to "give athletes who have conscientiously prepared for the past four years a possibility to sell their abilities".<sup id="cite_ref-Communist-nations-plan_19-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Communist-nations-plan-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, the Friendship Games idea was officially proclaimed. </p><p>Himl said the games would be held after 12 August (i.e. after the Summer Olympics), and that his country, Czechoslovakia, would host gymnastics, archery, women's handball, and women's track and field athletics.<sup id="cite_ref-Boycott-nations_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boycott-nations-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also gave assurances that the events would be open to all athletes, including those from non-boycotting nations.<sup id="cite_ref-Boycott-nations_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boycott-nations-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Soon after the meeting, Cuba also announced its decision to boycott the 1984 Summer Olympics.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the end of June, <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Yemen" title="South Yemen">South Yemen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Derg" title="Derg">Ethiopia</a> and <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Angola" title="People's Republic of Angola">Angola</a> announced their decisions to boycott.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June, the Soviet Union officials asked <a href="/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner">Ted Turner</a> and his <a href="/wiki/Turner_Broadcasting_System" title="Turner Broadcasting System">Turner Broadcasting System</a> to televise the events held in Hungary for American audiences.<sup id="cite_ref-Ted-Turner1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ted-Turner1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turner eventually declined, but assured that his network would give spot coverage to the Games and treat it as any other sporting event.<sup id="cite_ref-Ted-Turner2_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ted-Turner2-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Participating_nations">Participating nations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Participating nations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1984_Friendship_Games_participants.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/1984_Friendship_Games_participants.png/220px-1984_Friendship_Games_participants.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/1984_Friendship_Games_participants.png/330px-1984_Friendship_Games_participants.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/1984_Friendship_Games_participants.png/440px-1984_Friendship_Games_participants.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="625" /></a><figcaption>Hosting nations shown in blue, other participants in green, and countries not competing are gray</figcaption></figure> <p>Initial estimates placed the number of athletes participating in Soviet event venues at approximately 8,000.<sup id="cite_ref-generic-competition_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-generic-competition-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Moscow-to-stage_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moscow-to-stage-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, the number of expected participants was lowered to 2,300, representing 49 countries.<sup id="cite_ref-generic-competition_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-generic-competition-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Good-times_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Good-times-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Infosport_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Infosport-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, not all the expected athletes showed up.<sup id="cite_ref-Games-open-with-challenge_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Games-open-with-challenge-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The exact number of athletes who took part in events held outside of the Soviet Union is unknown. </p><p>While Olympic-boycotting countries were represented by their strongest athletes, other states sent their reserve teams, consisting of athletes who failed to qualify for the 1984 Summer Olympics.<sup id="cite_ref-what-might-have-been_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-what-might-have-been-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some athletes competed at both the Los Angeles Olympics and the Friendship Games, such as <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Losch" title="Claudia Losch">Claudia Losch</a> of West Germany, who <a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_shot_put" title="Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Women's shot put">won the Olympic gold in the shot put</a>, and the United States' <a href="/wiki/Alice_Brown_(sprinter)" title="Alice Brown (sprinter)">Alice Brown</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">Olympic 100m silver medallist</a>: neither Losch nor Brown was able to place in the medals at the Friendship Games.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a 2021 interview, long jumper <a href="/wiki/Joyce_Oladapo" title="Joyce Oladapo">Joyce Oladapo</a>, who competed for Great Britain at the Friendship Games, said that she had initially been under the impression that the event was to be more along the lines of a regular athletics meeting, and only realised its significance when she arrived at the hotel in Prague where athletes were staying: "Literally anyone who was anyone in the Eastern Bloc was there".<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281980%E2%80%931987%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281980%E2%80%931987%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281980%E2%80%931987%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281980%E2%80%931987%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281980%E2%80%931987%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281980%E2%80%931987%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Afghanistan" title="Democratic Republic of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Algeria"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Angola"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/23px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/35px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/45px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Argentina"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Austria"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Belgium"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Military_dictatorship_in_Brazil" title="Military dictatorship in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Canada"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="China"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Colombia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Cuba"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Czechoslovakia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Socialist_Republic" title="Czechoslovak Socialist Republic">Czechoslovakia</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Denmark"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="East Germany"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Ethiopia_%281975%E2%80%931987%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ethiopia_%281975%E2%80%931987%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Ethiopia_%281975%E2%80%931987%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ethiopia_%281975%E2%80%931987%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Ethiopia_%281975%E2%80%931987%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ethiopia_%281975%E2%80%931987%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Derg" title="Derg">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Finland"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="France"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Great Britain"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">Great Britain</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Greece"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Guyana"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Hungary"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Republic" title="Hungarian People's Republic">Hungary</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="India"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Italy"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Japan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Laos"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/23px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/35px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/45px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Lebanon"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="1920" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Madagascar" title="Democratic Republic of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Mongolia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_People%27s_Republic" title="Mongolian People's Republic">Mongolia</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Morocco"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Netherlands"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Nicaragua"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="North Korea"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Norway"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Poland"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Republic" title="Polish People's Republic">Poland</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Portugal"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_Romania_%281965%E2%80%931989%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania_%281965%E2%80%931989%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_Romania_%281965%E2%80%931989%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania_%281965%E2%80%931989%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_Romania_%281965%E2%80%931989%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania_%281965%E2%80%931989%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Socialist Republic of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><span data-sort-value="South Yemen"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen" title="South Yemen">South Yemen</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Soviet Union"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Spain"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Sweden"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Switzerland"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span>  </span><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Syria"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Tanzania"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="United States"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Venezuela_%281930%E2%80%932006%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Venezuela_%281930%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Venezuela_%281930%E2%80%932006%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Venezuela_%281930%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Venezuela_%281930%E2%80%932006%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela_%281930%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venezuela" title="Republic of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Vietnam"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="West Germany"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Yugoslavia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Zimbabwe"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opening_ceremony">Opening ceremony</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Opening ceremony"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although the Games began on 2 July with table tennis events held in North Korea, the official opening ceremony was held on 18 August in Moscow, soon after the first events hosted by the Soviet Union started.<sup id="cite_ref-Games-open-with-challenge_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Games-open-with-challenge-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-open-with-pomp-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two-hour ceremony held at the <a href="/wiki/Luzhniki_Stadium" title="Luzhniki Stadium">Central Lenin Stadium</a><sup id="cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-open-with-pomp-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> included "girls in white leotards [spinning] red and white beachballs in unison, (...) dozens of children in traditional costumes of the Soviet republics",<sup id="cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-open-with-pomp-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a "squadron of young performers" which created "a human weaving machine by ducking and turning to mesh their colored banners"<sup id="cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-open-with-pomp-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "red-attired teenage girls with silver <a href="/wiki/Hula_hoop" title="Hula hoop">hula hoops</a>", which spelled the words 'USSR' and 'peace'.<sup id="cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-open-with-pomp-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ceremony was described as being "reminiscent of <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games_ceremony#Opening" title="Olympic Games ceremony">Olympic galas</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-open-with-pomp-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As in Olympic opening ceremonies,<sup id="cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-open-with-pomp-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a torch bearer (Soviet runner and <a href="/wiki/1980_Summer_Olympics" title="1980 Summer Olympics">1980</a> gold medalist <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Markin" title="Viktor Markin">Viktor Markin</a>) carried the flame into the stadium<sup id="cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-open-with-pomp-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and lit a giant bowl which had been built for the 1980 Moscow Olympics.<sup id="cite_ref-Games-open-with-challenge_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Games-open-with-challenge-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The torch had been lit from an <a href="/wiki/Eternal_flame" title="Eternal flame">eternal flame</a> for <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> victims located in the <a href="/wiki/Kremlin" title="Kremlin">Kremlin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Games-open-with-challenge_30-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Games-open-with-challenge-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Teams marched onto the stadium behind flags, but unlike in the Olympics, they were not national teams but sporting organisations, such as <a href="/wiki/Dynamo_Sports_Club" title="Dynamo Sports Club">Dynamo</a> or <a href="/wiki/Spartak_(sports_society)" title="Spartak (sports society)">Spartak</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Games-open-with-challenge_30-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Games-open-with-challenge-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Songs performed during the ceremony included a 1918 military march dedicated to the <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a>, "Stadium of My Dreams", written for the 1980 Olympics,<sup id="cite_ref-who-is-coming_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-who-is-coming-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a specially composed song with the chorus "To a sunny peace – yes, yes, yes / To a nuclear blast – no, no, no."<sup id="cite_ref-peace-dominating_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-peace-dominating-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Games-open-with-challenge_30-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Games-open-with-challenge-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">General Secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Chernenko" title="Konstantin Chernenko">Konstantin Chernenko</a> did not attend the ceremony<sup id="cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-open-with-pomp-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as expected,<sup id="cite_ref-who-is-coming_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-who-is-coming-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but five <a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Politburo</a> members were present: <a href="/wiki/Dimitri_Ustinov" class="mw-redirect" title="Dimitri Ustinov">Dimitri Ustinov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grigory_Romanov" title="Grigory Romanov">Grigory Romanov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vitaly_Vorotnikov" title="Vitaly Vorotnikov">Vitaly Vorotnikov</a> and <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Grishin" title="Viktor Grishin">Viktor Grishin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-open-with-pomp-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Summary">Summary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Summary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="floatright"> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_c5l32xef2oz6b8f8dw9b6al4jmg0qgw"></map><img usemap="#timeline_c5l32xef2oz6b8f8dw9b6al4jmg0qgw" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/c5l32xef2oz6b8f8dw9b6al4jmg0qgw.png" /></div> </div> <p>Events were hosted by nine countries (Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, North Korea, Mongolia, Poland, and the Soviet Union) between 2 July and 16 September 1984. With the exception of equestrian jumping, no events were held during the Summer Olympics in Los Angeles (held between 28 July and 12 August). </p><p>The Games were contested in 22 Olympic disciplines (all except <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a> and <a href="/wiki/Synchronized_swimming" title="Synchronized swimming">synchronized swimming</a>), and in non-Olympic <a href="/wiki/Table_tennis" title="Table tennis">table tennis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tennis" title="Tennis">tennis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)" title="Sambo (martial art)">sambo wrestling</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Archery">Archery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Archery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Archery_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Archery at the Friendship Games">Archery at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>The Soviet Union won five out of six possible medals. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1984-0603-003,_Uwe_Hohn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1984-0603-003%2C_Uwe_Hohn.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1984-0603-003%2C_Uwe_Hohn.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="321" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1984-0603-003%2C_Uwe_Hohn.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1984-0603-003%2C_Uwe_Hohn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1984-0603-003%2C_Uwe_Hohn.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1984-0603-003%2C_Uwe_Hohn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="788" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Hohn" title="Uwe Hohn">Uwe Hohn</a> won the gold medal in javelin throw</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Athletics">Athletics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Athletics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Athletics at the Friendship Games">Athletics at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>In an interview shortly before the events began, the Soviet team's coach <a href="/wiki/Igor_Ter-Ovanesyan" title="Igor Ter-Ovanesyan">Igor Ter-Ovanesyan</a> said his athletes beat more than ten world records during the preparations for the competition.<sup id="cite_ref-who-is-coming_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-who-is-coming-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the Soviet athletes set no new records during the Games, they still dominated, winning more than a half of the gold medals. The only new world record was set by East German <a href="/wiki/Irina_Meszynski" title="Irina Meszynski">Irina Meszynski</a> in women's discus throw, with 73.36 m. </p><p>In an unusual feat, <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Juantorena" title="Alberto Juantorena">Alberto Juantorena</a> (Cuba) and <a href="/wiki/Ryszard_Ostrowski" title="Ryszard Ostrowski">Ryszard Ostrowski</a> (Poland) both crossed the finish line at exactly the same moment in the men's 800-metre run. After the officials were unable to decide who came first – even after examining a <a href="/wiki/Photograph" title="Photograph">photograph</a> – both were declared winners.<sup id="cite_ref-peace-dominating_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-peace-dominating-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The annual Moscow Marathon was declared to be a Friendship Games event in 1984. This caused a minor controversy, as the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">United States Marine</a> guards of the <a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_States_in_Moscow" class="mw-redirect" title="Embassy of the United States in Moscow">American embassy</a>, who usually took part in it, withdrew after learning it would be treated as a Friendship Games competition.<sup id="cite_ref-peace-dominating_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-peace-dominating-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Basketball">Basketball</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Basketball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Basketball_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Basketball at the Friendship Games">Basketball at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>The Soviet Union won the men's final against Czechoslovakia 105–70, and Cuba came in third ahead of Poland. The USSR also finished first in the women's event, but since it was a <a href="/wiki/Round-robin_tournament" title="Round-robin tournament">round-robin tournament</a>, there were no semifinals or finals. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Boxing">Boxing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Boxing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Boxing at the Friendship Games">Boxing at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>The host nation, Cuba, fully dominated the event, winning eleven out of twelve gold medals. East German <a href="/wiki/Torsten_Schmitz" title="Torsten Schmitz">Torsten Schmitz</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Welterweight" title="Welterweight">welterweight</a> category was the only non-Cuban to win gold. <a href="/wiki/Te%C3%B3filo_Stevenson" title="Teófilo Stevenson">Teófilo Stevenson</a>, three-time consecutive Olympic gold medalist who lost the chance to win his fourth gold when Cuba boycotted the Los Angeles Games, won the super heavyweight category. </p><p>Boxing was one of just three disciplines in which the Soviet Union did not win a gold medal, the others being modern pentathlon and table tennis. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canoeing">Canoeing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Canoeing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Canoeing_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Canoeing at the Friendship Games">Canoeing at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>Hosts East Germany and the Soviet Union won all twelve gold medals, six apiece. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cycling">Cycling</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Cycling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cycling_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Cycling at the Friendship Games">Cycling at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>The Schleizer Dreieck in <a href="/wiki/Schleiz" title="Schleiz">Schleiz</a>, East Germany, usually used as a car or motorcycle race track, served as cycling venue for the individual road race. The event saw participation of top cyclists of the era, including numerous <a href="/wiki/Peace_Race" title="Peace Race">Peace Race</a> veterans such as <a href="/wiki/Uwe_Ampler" title="Uwe Ampler">Uwe Ampler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uwe_Raab" title="Uwe Raab">Uwe Raab</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diving">Diving</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Diving"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Diving_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Diving at the Friendship Games">Diving at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>Diving was yet another event dominated by East Germans and Soviets. Gold medalists included <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Portnov" title="Aleksandr Portnov">Aleksandr Portnov</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brita_Baldus" title="Brita Baldus">Brita Baldus</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Equestrian">Equestrian</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Equestrian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Equestrian_at_the_Friendship_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="Equestrian at the Friendship Games">Equestrian at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>Equestrian events were the only discipline contested at the same time as the 1984 Summer Olympics, as jumping events took place between 6 and 10 August. It was also the only discipline in which West German and Italian athletes won medals. </p><p>In individual dressage, <a href="/wiki/Yuri_Kovshov" title="Yuri Kovshov">Yuri Kovshov</a> won both gold and silver, riding two different horses. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fencing">Fencing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Fencing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Fencing_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Fencing at the Friendship Games">Fencing at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>Soviet fencers won most of the men's events, while Hungary won both women's events, thanks to <a href="/wiki/Gertr%C3%BAd_Stefanek" title="Gertrúd Stefanek">Gertrúd Stefanek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edit_Kov%C3%A1cs_(fencer)" title="Edit Kovács (fencer)">Edit Kovács</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Field_hockey">Field hockey</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Field hockey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Field_hockey_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Field hockey at the Friendship Games">Field hockey at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>The Soviet Union "A" team won the men's tournament, and while the Soviet Union "B" team came in third, fourth-place finishers <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> were awarded the bronze medal. </p><p>A team representing the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Afghanistan" title="Democratic Republic of Afghanistan">Democratic Republic of Afghanistan</a> also competed in the men's event, but lost all its matches, including a 0:27 loss to East Germany. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gymnastics">Gymnastics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Gymnastics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gymnastics_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Gymnastics at the Friendship Games">Gymnastics at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>In artistic gymnastics, <a href="/wiki/Olga_Mostepanova" title="Olga Mostepanova">Olga Mostepanova</a> achieved perfect "10" scores ten times: four in individual competitions, and six in team events.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All fifteen medals in rhythmic gymnastics were won by just four athletes: Bulgarians <a href="/wiki/Anelia_Ralenkova" title="Anelia Ralenkova">Anelia Ralenkova</a> and <a href="/wiki/Diliana_Gueorguieva" class="mw-redirect" title="Diliana Gueorguieva">Diliana Gueorguieva</a>, and Soviets <a href="/wiki/Galina_Beloglazova" title="Galina Beloglazova">Galina Beloglazova</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dalia_Kutkait%C4%97" title="Dalia Kutkaitė">Dalia Kutkaitė</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Handball">Handball</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Handball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Handball_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Handball at the Friendship Games">Handball at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>East Germany won the men's event, thanks to an 18:17 win over the Soviet Union, while Poland came in third. <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9ter_Kov%C3%A1cs_(handballer)" title="Péter Kovács (handballer)">Péter Kovács</a> of Hungary was the top scorer with 26 goals. The USSR finished first in the women's tournament. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judo">Judo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Judo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Judo_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Judo at the Friendship Games">Judo at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>The Soviet Union again won most of the gold medals. The event was also particularly successful for Poland, which won seven medals. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_pentathlon">Modern pentathlon</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Modern pentathlon"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Modern_pentathlon_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Modern pentathlon at the Friendship Games">Modern pentathlon at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>Hungarian <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3_F%C3%A1bi%C3%A1n_(pentathlete)" title="László Fábián (pentathlete)">László Fábián</a> won the individual competition, and Hungary also won the team event. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rowing">Rowing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Rowing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Rowing_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Rowing at the Friendship Games">Rowing at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>The USSR took 11 out of 14 gold medals, while East Germany captured the remaining three. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sailing">Sailing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Sailing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sailing_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Sailing at the Friendship Games">Sailing at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>Sailing took place on the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic">Estonian SSR</a> (where the <a href="/wiki/Sailing_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics" title="Sailing at the 1980 Summer Olympics">sailing at the 1980 Summer Olympics</a> also took place), with the exception of 470 and Finn classes, which were contested on <a href="/wiki/Lake_Balaton" title="Lake Balaton">Lake Balaton</a> in Hungary. Soviets and East Germans won all of the gold medals. <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> and <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> won their only Friendship Games medals. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shooting">Shooting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Shooting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Shooting_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Shooting at the Friendship Games">Shooting at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>While most disciplines mimicked the Olympic Games in terms of events, women's shooting included non-Olympic competitions, namely the <a href="/wiki/10_metre_air_pistol" class="mw-redirect" title="10 metre air pistol">10 metre air pistol</a> and <a href="/wiki/50_metre_rifle_three_positions" class="mw-redirect" title="50 metre rifle three positions">50 metre rifle three positions</a> events. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0619-033,_Sylvia_Gerasch.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0619-033%2C_Sylvia_Gerasch.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0619-033%2C_Sylvia_Gerasch.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0619-033%2C_Sylvia_Gerasch.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0619-033%2C_Sylvia_Gerasch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0619-033%2C_Sylvia_Gerasch.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0619-033%2C_Sylvia_Gerasch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="534" data-file-height="434" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Gerasch" title="Sylvia Gerasch">Sylvia Gerasch</a> <i>(1987 photograph)</i>, a 15-year-old, set the world record in women's 100 m breaststroke.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Swimming">Swimming</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Swimming"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Swimming_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Swimming at the Friendship Games">Swimming at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>Five new world records were set during the competition. <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Zabolotnov" title="Sergei Zabolotnov">Sergei Zabolotnov</a>'s result of 1:58.41 in men's 200 metre backstroke excited the crowd, as it was some one and a half seconds better than <a href="/wiki/Rick_Carey" title="Rick Carey">Rick Carey</a>'s result during the Olympics.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fifteen-year-old <a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Gerasch" title="Sylvia Gerasch">Sylvia Gerasch</a> of <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a> set the world record in women's 100 m breaststroke and was also part of the relay team that beat the 4 × 100 m medley record.<sup id="cite_ref-Soviet-officials-shy_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soviet-officials-shy-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Table_tennis">Table tennis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Table tennis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Table_tennis_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Table tennis at the Friendship Games">Table tennis at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>Table tennis, a non-Olympic sport at that time, was the only event hosted by North Korea, which won four out of seven gold medals. Notably, the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a>, which was at odds with most socialist states following the <a href="/wiki/Sino-Soviet_split" title="Sino-Soviet split">Sino-Soviet split</a>, took part in the event. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tennis">Tennis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Tennis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tennis_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Tennis at the Friendship Games">Tennis at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>Soviet players dominated the singles category, and also won the men's doubles event. The Czechoslovakian women's double team was the only non-Soviet team to win gold. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Volleyball">Volleyball</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Volleyball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Volleyball_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Volleyball at the Friendship Games">Volleyball at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>Not surprisingly, the Soviet team finished first in the men's event, over Cuba and Poland. In the women's tournament, Cuba won the final against the USSR. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Water_polo">Water polo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Water polo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Water_polo_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Water polo at the Friendship Games">Water polo at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>The Soviet team – composed mostly of the players who won gold during the 1980 Summer Olympics – finished first, while Hungary and Cuba took the second and third spots. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Weightlifting">Weightlifting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Weightlifting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Weightlifting_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Weightlifting at the Friendship Games">Weightlifting at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>Dominated by Bulgaria and the Soviet Union, the event saw thirty world records broken,<sup id="cite_ref-Chmielewski-p186_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chmielewski-p186-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including two in the super heavyweight category, set by <a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Pisarenko" title="Anatoly Pisarenko">Anatoly Pisarenko</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wrestling">Wrestling</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Wrestling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Wrestling at the Friendship Games">Wrestling at the Friendship Games</a></div> <p>In addition to <a href="/wiki/Freestyle_wrestling" title="Freestyle wrestling">freestyle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman</a> events, non-Olympic <a href="/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)" title="Sambo (martial art)">sambo</a> wrestling events were also contested. Sambo was the only event hosted by Mongolia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medal_table">Medal table</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Medal table"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following table is based on statistics from the books <i>Na olimpijskim szlaku 1984</i> and <i>Gwiazdy sportu '84</i> and does not include sambo results. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1253789634">@media screen{.mw-parser-output .sticky-header>thead>tr:first-child,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header>caption+tbody>tr:first-child,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header>tbody:first-child>tr:first-child,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi>thead{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:10}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header:not(.wikitable),.mw-parser-output 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.sticky-header-multi,body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .sticky-header,body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sticky-header>caption,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi>caption{display:table-caption}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.wikitable{background-color:#101418}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.wikitable{background-color:#101418}}</style><table class="wikitable sortable sticky-header-multi plainrowheaders jquery-tablesorter" style="text-align:center"><caption></caption><tbody><tr><th scope="col" style="color:inherit">Rank</th><th scope="col">Nation</th><th scope="col" class="headerSort" style="width:4em;background-color:gold;color:#333">Gold</th><th scope="col" class="headerSort" style="width:4em;background-color:silver;color:#333">Silver</th><th scope="col" class="headerSort" style="width:4em;background-color:#c96;color:#333">Bronze</th><th scope="col" style="width:4em">Total</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;text-align:left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(URS)</span></th><td>126</td><td>87</td><td>69</td><td>282</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;text-align:left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(GDR)</span></th><td>50</td><td>45</td><td>43</td><td>138</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span data-sort-value="Bulgaria"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></span> <span style="font-size:90%;">(BUL)</span></th><td>21</td><td>25</td><td>29</td><td>75</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;text-align:left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(CUB)</span></th><td>15</td><td>11</td><td>12</td><td>38</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;text-align:left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(HUN)</span></th><td>10</td><td>17</td><td>24</td><td>51</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;text-align:left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(POL)</span></th><td>7</td><td>17</td><td>34</td><td>58</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;text-align:left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(PRK)</span></th><td>5</td><td>5</td><td>10</td><td>20</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;text-align:left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(TCH)</span></th><td>2</td><td>18</td><td>28</td><td>48</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;text-align:left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(CHN)</span></th><td>2</td><td>1</td><td>4</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span data-sort-value="Ethiopia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Ethiopia_%281975%E2%80%931987%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ethiopia_%281975%E2%80%931987%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Ethiopia_%281975%E2%80%931987%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ethiopia_%281975%E2%80%931987%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Ethiopia_%281975%E2%80%931987%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ethiopia_%281975%E2%80%931987%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></span> <span style="font-size:90%;">(ETH)</span></th><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>2</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>11</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;text-align:left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(FRG)</span></th><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>12</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;text-align:left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(ITA)</span></th><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>13</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span data-sort-value="Japan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></span> <span style="font-size:90%;">(JPN)</span></th><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>14</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span data-sort-value="Mongolia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a></span> <span style="font-size:90%;">(MGL)</span></th><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>5</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td>15</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;text-align:left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(CAN)</span></th><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>16</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span data-sort-value="Venezuela"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Venezuela_%281930%E2%80%932006%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Venezuela_%281930%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Venezuela_%281930%E2%80%932006%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Venezuela_%281930%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Venezuela_%281930%E2%80%932006%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela_%281930%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></span> <span style="font-size:90%;">(VEN)</span></th><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3">17</td><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;text-align:left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(FIN)</span></th><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;text-align:left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(SWE)</span></th><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:inherit;color:inherit;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;text-align:left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(ZIM)</span></th><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold">Totals (19 entries)</th><th style="font-weight:bold">242</th><th style="font-weight:bold">233</th><th style="font-weight:bold">266</th><th style="font-weight:bold">741</th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comparisons_to_the_Olympic_Games">Comparisons to the Olympic Games</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Comparisons to the Olympic Games"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1984-0602-003,_Marlies_G%C3%B6hr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1984-0602-003%2C_Marlies_G%C3%B6hr.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1984-0602-003%2C_Marlies_G%C3%B6hr.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="322" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1984-0602-003%2C_Marlies_G%C3%B6hr.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1984-0602-003%2C_Marlies_G%C3%B6hr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1984-0602-003%2C_Marlies_G%C3%B6hr.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1984-0602-003%2C_Marlies_G%C3%B6hr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="536" data-file-height="784" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Marlies_G%C3%B6hr" title="Marlies Göhr">Marlies Göhr</a> won the women's 100 metre event with 10.95, slightly faster than <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a>'s winning time of 10.97 at the Olympics.</figcaption></figure> <p>Media on both sides of the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Curtain" title="Iron Curtain">Iron Curtain</a> frequently compared the results of 1984 Summer Olympics and the Friendship Games.<sup id="cite_ref-what-might-have-been_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-what-might-have-been-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-athletics-comparsion_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-athletics-comparsion-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Afro-American_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Afro-American-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Olympics-Colliding-Myths_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Olympics-Colliding-Myths-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Chmielewski-p151_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chmielewski-p151-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over sixty Friendship Games results would have secured medals at the Olympic Games.<sup id="cite_ref-what-might-have-been_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-what-might-have-been-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eastern Bloc athletes outperformed Olympic winners in 20 of 41 track-and-field events, and eleven of 29 swimming events.<sup id="cite_ref-Olympics-Colliding-Myths_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Olympics-Colliding-Myths-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Had <a href="/wiki/Li_Yuwei" title="Li Yuwei">Li Yuwei</a>, who won the 1984 Olympic gold medal in <a href="/wiki/50_meter_running_target" title="50 meter running target">50 metre running target</a> shooting, obtained the same score in the Friendship Games, he would have only placed sixth.<sup id="cite_ref-Chmielewski-p183_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chmielewski-p183-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indeed, in events such as weightlifting or wrestling, the Friendship Games included almost all of the top athletes of the time.<sup id="cite_ref-Chmielewski-p151_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chmielewski-p151-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It must also be noted that Eastern bloc countries ran massive state-sponsored doping programs at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, some journalists noted that such comparisons were unjustified due to differing conditions and equipment. For example, <a href="/wiki/Marlies_G%C3%B6hr" title="Marlies Göhr">Marlies Göhr</a>'s result of 10.95 in women's 100 metre run was slightly better than <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a>'s winning time of 10.97 at the 1984 Olympics, but when the two met head-to-head a week after the Friendship Games, Ashford was much faster than Göhr and set a new world record.<sup id="cite_ref-Afro-American_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Afro-American-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, Eastern Bloc results in track cycling were better than Olympic results, but Friendship Games cyclists competed on an indoor wooden track, while the Olympic events took place on an outdoor concrete track.<sup id="cite_ref-what-might-have-been_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-what-might-have-been-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "It is like saying <a href="/wiki/Carl_Lewis" title="Carl Lewis">Carl Lewis</a> was faster than <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Owens" title="Jesse Owens">Jesse Owens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a> would have beaten <a href="/wiki/Joe_Louis" title="Joe Louis">Joe Louis</a> or <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_(horse)" title="Secretariat (horse)">Secretariat</a> would have outrun <a href="/wiki/Man_o%27_War" title="Man o' War">Man o' War</a>", <a href="/wiki/Sam_Lacy" title="Sam Lacy">Sam Lacy</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Afro-American_(newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-American (newspaper)">The Afro-American</a></i> concluded.<sup id="cite_ref-Afro-American_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Afro-American-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The comparisons also had political significance. While Friendship Games organizers repeatedly assured the press that their event was not an "alternative Olympics",<sup id="cite_ref-Eastern-bloc-exceed_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eastern-bloc-exceed-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-what-might-have-been_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-what-might-have-been-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Russians-host_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Russians-host-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> presumably to avoid punitive IOC measures,<sup id="cite_ref-Eastern-bloc-exceed_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eastern-bloc-exceed-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-generic-competition_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-generic-competition-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-peace-dominating_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-peace-dominating-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soviet state-run media often alluded to such comparisons.<sup id="cite_ref-peace-dominating_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-peace-dominating-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The TASS agency declared that the Eastern Bloc's games were a "major event in the Olympic year",<sup id="cite_ref-Moscow-to-stage_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moscow-to-stage-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the Sovietsky Sport newspaper described the Games as the "main event of the Olympic <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/quadrennium" class="extiw" title="wikt:quadrennium">quadrennium</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Russians-host_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Russians-host-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marat Gramov, head of the Soviet Olympic Committee, said that the "socialist nations remain faithful to the task of strengthening the unity of the Olympics movement",<sup id="cite_ref-Russians-host_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Russians-host-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while describing the Los Angeles Games as full of "chauvinism and <a href="/wiki/Folie_%C3%A0_deux" title="Folie à deux">mass psychosis</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Russians-host_45-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Russians-host-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When asked about the Friendship Games, Monique Berlioux, then director of the IOC, said she had "no reaction whatsoever" to the competition.<sup id="cite_ref-generic-competition_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-generic-competition-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2006, the <a href="/wiki/Law_and_Justice_(Poland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Law and Justice (Poland)">Law and Justice</a> party in Poland proposed granting Friendship Games medalists sports retirement benefits similar to those given to Olympic medalists.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was signed into law in 2007. </p><p>In 2023, facing international sporting isolation in the wake of its <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">invasion of Ukraine</a>, Russia announced plans to revive the Friendship Games and host its second edition in 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2023, Russia announced it would be reviving the event as the <a href="/wiki/World_Friendship_Games" title="World Friendship Games">World Friendship Games</a>, initially planned to take place shortly after the <a href="/wiki/2024_Summer_Olympics" title="2024 Summer Olympics">2024 Summer Olympics</a><sup id="cite_ref-Reuters2023_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters2023-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chess_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chess-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but suspended indefinitely as of December 2024<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Venues">Venues</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Venues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Event</th> <th>Starting date</th> <th class="unsortable">Ending date</th> <th class="unsortable">Venue</th> <th class="unsortable">Location</th> <th>Country </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Archery_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Archery at the Friendship Games">Archery</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-23-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">23 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">26 August</span></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plze%C5%88" title="Plzeň">Plzeň</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Athletics at the Friendship Games">Athletics</a> <br /> <small>Men's events</small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-17-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">17 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">18 August</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luzhniki_Stadium" title="Luzhniki Stadium">Grand Arena of the Central Lenin Stadium</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Athletics at the Friendship Games">Athletics</a> <br /> <small>Women's events</small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-16-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">16 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">18 August</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ev%C5%BEen_Ro%C5%A1ick%C3%BD_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Evžen Rošický Stadium">Evžen Rošický Stadium</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Basketball_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Basketball at the Friendship Games">Basketball</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-22-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">22 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">30 August</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/CSKA_Universal_Sports_Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="CSKA Universal Sports Hall">CSKA Sports Palace</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dynamo_Sports_Palace" title="Dynamo Sports Palace">Dynamo Sports Palace</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Boxing at the Friendship Games">Boxing</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">18 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-24-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">24 August</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Coliseo_de_la_Ciudad_Deportiva" title="Coliseo de la Ciudad Deportiva">Ciudad Deportiva</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Canoeing_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Canoeing at the Friendship Games">Canoeing</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-07-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">21 July</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-07-22-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">22 July</span></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%BCnau_(Berlin)" title="Grünau (Berlin)">Grünau</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Berlin" title="East Berlin">East Berlin</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cycling_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Cycling at the Friendship Games">Cycling</a> <br /> <small>Road events</small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-23-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">23 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">26 August</span></td> <td>Schleizer Dreieck</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Schleiz" title="Schleiz">Schleiz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Forst_(Lausitz)" title="Forst (Lausitz)">Forst</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cycling_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Cycling at the Friendship Games">Cycling</a><br /> <small>Track events</small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">18 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-22-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">22 August</span></td> <td>Velodrome of the Trade Unions Olympic Sports Centre</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Diving_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Diving at the Friendship Games">Diving</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-16-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">16 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-19-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">19 August</span></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Equestrian_at_the_Friendship_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="Equestrian at the Friendship Games">Equestrian</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">6 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">26 August</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ksi%C4%85%C5%BC_Landscape_Park" title="Książ Landscape Park">Książ Landscape Park</a> and the Modern Pentathlon and <br /> Equestrian Centre of the Lubusz Sports Club "Lumel"</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Drzonk%C3%B3w" title="Drzonków">Drzonków</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sopot" title="Sopot">Sopot</a><br /> and <a href="/wiki/Wa%C5%82brzych" title="Wałbrzych">Wałbrzych</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fencing_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Fencing at the Friendship Games">Fencing</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-07-15-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">15 July</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-07-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">21 July</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Sportcsarnok" title="Budapest Sportcsarnok">Budapest Sportcsarnok</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Field_hockey_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Field hockey at the Friendship Games">Field hockey</a> <br /> <small>Men's event</small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">18 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">26 August</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dynamo_Stadium_(Moscow)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dynamo Stadium (Moscow)">Minor Arena of the Central Dynamo Stadium</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Field_hockey_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Field hockey at the Friendship Games">Field hockey</a> <br /> <small>Women's event</small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-28-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">28 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">30 August</span></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pozna%C5%84" title="Poznań">Poznań</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gymnastics_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Gymnastics at the Friendship Games">Gymnastics</a><br /> <small> Artistic gymnastics</small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">20 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">26 August</span></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olomouc" title="Olomouc">Olomouc</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gymnastics_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Gymnastics at the Friendship Games">Gymnastics</a><br /> <small> Rhythmic gymnastics</small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-17-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">17 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-19-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">19 August</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Winter_Sports_Palace" title="Winter Sports Palace">Winter Sports Palace</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Handball_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Handball at the Friendship Games">Handball</a> <br /> <small>Men's event</small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-07-17-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">17 July</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-07-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">21 July</span></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rostock" title="Rostock">Rostock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Magdeburg" title="Magdeburg">Magdeburg</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Handball_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Handball at the Friendship Games">Handball</a> <br /> <small>Women's event</small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">21 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">26 August</span></td> <td>Hala na Sihoti</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tren%C4%8D%C3%ADn" title="Trenčín">Trenčín</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Judo_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Judo at the Friendship Games">Judo</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-24-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">24 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">26 August</span></td> <td>Military University of Technology Sports Hall</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Modern_pentathlon_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Modern pentathlon at the Friendship Games">Modern pentathlon</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-09-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">5 September</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-09-09-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">9 September</span></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rowing_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Rowing at the Friendship Games">Rowing</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-23-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">23 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">25 August</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Krylatskoye_Rowing_Canal" title="Krylatskoye Rowing Canal">Krylatskoye Rowing Canal</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sailing_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Sailing at the Friendship Games">Sailing</a> <br /> <small> 470, Finn classes </small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">20 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">25 August</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lake_Balaton" title="Lake Balaton">Lake Balaton</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lake_Balaton" title="Lake Balaton">Lake Balaton</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sailing_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Sailing at the Friendship Games">Sailing</a> <br /> <small> Flying Dutchmen, Soling, Star,<br /> Tornado, Windglider classes </small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-19-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">19 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">26 August</span></td> <td>Pirita Yachting Centre</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shooting_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Shooting at the Friendship Games">Shooting</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-19-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">19 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">25 August</span></td> <td>Dynamo Shooting Range</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Swimming_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Swimming at the Friendship Games">Swimming</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-19-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">19 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">25 August</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Swimming_Pool_at_the_Olimpiysky_Sports_Complex" title="Swimming Pool at the Olimpiysky Sports Complex">Swimming Pool at the Olimpiysky Sports Complex</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Table_tennis_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Table tennis at the Friendship Games">Table tennis</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-07-02-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">2 July</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-07-10-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">10 July</span></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pyongyang" title="Pyongyang">Pyongyang</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennis_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Tennis at the Friendship Games">Tennis</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">20 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">26 August</span></td> <td>Baildon Katowice courts</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Katowice" title="Katowice">Katowice</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Volleyball_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Volleyball at the Friendship Games">Volleyball</a> <br /> <small>Men's event</small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">18 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">26 August</span></td> <td>Ciudad Deportiva</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Volleyball_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Volleyball at the Friendship Games">Volleyball</a> <br /> <small>Women's event</small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-07-08-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">8 July</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-07-15-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">15 July</span></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Varna,_Bulgaria" title="Varna, Bulgaria">Varna</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Water_polo_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Water polo at the Friendship Games">Water polo</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-19-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">19 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">26 August</span></td> <td>Ciudad Deportiva</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Weightlifting_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Weightlifting at the Friendship Games">Weightlifting</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-09-12-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">12 September</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-09-16-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">16 September</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Culture_and_Sports" title="Palace of Culture and Sports">Palace of Culture and Sports</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Varna,_Bulgaria" title="Varna, Bulgaria">Varna</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Wrestling at the Friendship Games">Wrestling</a> <br /> <small>Freestyle</small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">20 August</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-08-22-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">22 August</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Winter_Sports_Palace" title="Winter Sports Palace">Winter Sports Palace</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Wrestling at the Friendship Games">Wrestling</a> <br /> <small>Greco-Roman</small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-07-13-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">13 July</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-07-15-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">15 July</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Sportcsarnok" title="Budapest Sportcsarnok">Budapest Sportcsarnok</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Wrestling at the Friendship Games">Wrestling</a> <br /> <small>Sambo</small></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-09-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1 September</span></td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-09-02-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">2 September</span></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ulaanbaatar" title="Ulaanbaatar">Ulaanbaatar</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Olympiad" title="People's Olympiad">People's Olympiad</a> – proposed alternative to the <a href="/wiki/1936_Summer_Olympics" title="1936 Summer Olympics">1936 Summer Olympics</a> in <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, planned to be held in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Bell_Classic" title="Liberty Bell Classic">Liberty Bell Classic</a> – track and field athletics event for countries boycotting the <a href="/wiki/1980_Summer_Olympics" title="1980 Summer Olympics">1980 Summer Olympics</a> in Moscow. Held in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, United States.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GANEFO" title="GANEFO">GANEFO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternate_Olympics_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Alternate Olympics (disambiguation)">Alternate Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartakiad" title="Spartakiad">Spartakiad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodwill_Games" title="Goodwill Games">Goodwill Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_and_sports" title="Politics and sports">Politics and sports</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Eastern-bloc-exceed-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Eastern-bloc-exceed_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Eastern-bloc-exceed_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Eastern-bloc-exceed_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Eastern-bloc-exceed_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130124122714/http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=3ZImAAAAIBAJ&sjid=bAEGAAAAIBAJ&pg=987,707190">"Eastern-bloc athletes exceed 10 golden efforts"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Miami_News" title="The Miami News">The Miami News</a></i>. 17 August 1984. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=3ZImAAAAIBAJ&sjid=bAEGAAAAIBAJ&pg=987,707190">the original</a> on 24 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Miami+News&rft.atitle=Eastern-bloc+athletes+exceed+10+golden+efforts&rft.date=1984-08-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D3ZImAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DbAEGAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D987%2C707190&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-what-might-have-been-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-what-might-have-been_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-what-might-have-been_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-what-might-have-been_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-what-might-have-been_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-what-might-have-been_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-what-might-have-been_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-what-might-have-been_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=hpoRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=QOgDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4553,6903778">"Friendship Games show what might have been at LA"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald" title="The Sydney Morning Herald">The Sydney Morning Herald</a></i>. 28 August 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Friendship+Games+show+what+might+have+been+at+LA&rft.date=1984-08-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DhpoRAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DQOgDAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D4553%2C6903778&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-generic-competition-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-generic-competition_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-generic-competition_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-generic-competition_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-generic-competition_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-generic-competition_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-generic-competition_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLowitt1984" class="citation news cs1">Lowitt, Bruce (14 August 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=NmwbAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Q04EAAAAIBAJ">"Generic competition"</a>. <i>The <a href="/wiki/Times-News_(Hendersonville,_North_Carolina)" title="Times-News (Hendersonville, North Carolina)">Times-News</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Hendersonville,_North_Carolina" title="Hendersonville, North Carolina">Hendersonville, North Carolina</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times-News&rft.atitle=Generic+competition&rft.date=1984-08-14&rft.aulast=Lowitt&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DNmwbAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DQ04EAAAAIBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-peace-dominating-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-peace-dominating_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-peace-dominating_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-peace-dominating_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-peace-dominating_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-peace-dominating_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-peace-dominating_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEaton1984" class="citation news cs1">Eaton, William (19 August 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=hPEKAAAAIBAJ&sjid=708DAAAAIBAJ&pg=2742,3591862">"Peace dominating message at Friendship Games opening"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Courier_(Arizona)" title="The Daily Courier (Arizona)">The Daily Courier</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Courier&rft.atitle=Peace+dominating+message+at+Friendship+Games+opening&rft.date=1984-08-19&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DhPEKAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3D708DAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D2742%2C3591862&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Prague-Conference-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Prague-Conference_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Prague-Conference_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Prague-Conference_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Prague-Conference_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=trAzAAAAIBAJ&sjid=QzIHAAAAIBAJ&pg=2707,2998548">"Eastern Bloc calls for alternative Olympics"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Lodi_News-Sentinel" title="Lodi News-Sentinel">Lodi News-Sentinel</a></i>. 25 May 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lodi+News-Sentinel&rft.atitle=Eastern+Bloc+calls+for+alternative+Olympics&rft.date=1984-05-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DtrAzAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DQzIHAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D2707%2C2998548&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Soviet-officials-shy-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Soviet-officials-shy_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Soviet-officials-shy_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=jMkyAAAAIBAJ&sjid=XO8FAAAAIBAJ&pg=5432,2027294">"Soviet officials shy from comparing Olympic, Friendship games"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Citizen" title="Ottawa Citizen">Ottawa Citizen</a></i>. 24 August 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ottawa+Citizen&rft.atitle=Soviet+officials+shy+from+comparing+Olympic%2C+Friendship+games&rft.date=1984-08-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DjMkyAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DXO8FAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5432%2C2027294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ted-Turner1-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ted-Turner1_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ted-Turner1_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=csUUAAAAIBAJ&sjid=j-EDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5224,1434756">"Will Turner televise Soviet bloc games?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Register-Guard" title="The Register-Guard">Eugene Register-Guard</a></i>. 7 July 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eugene+Register-Guard&rft.atitle=Will+Turner+televise+Soviet+bloc+games%3F&rft.date=1984-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DcsUUAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3Dj-EDAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5224%2C1434756&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Soviet-pullout-rocks-Games-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Soviet-pullout-rocks-Games_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=eVwxAAAAIBAJ&sjid=l6UFAAAAIBAJ&pg=1833,4342317">"Soviet pullout rocks Games"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Montreal_Gazette" class="mw-redirect" title="The Montreal Gazette">The Montreal Gazette</a></i>. 9 May 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Montreal+Gazette&rft.atitle=Soviet+pullout+rocks+Games&rft.date=1984-05-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DeVwxAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3Dl6UFAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D1833%2C4342317&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Alternate-Games-Would-Repudiate-Charter-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Alternate-Games-Would-Repudiate-Charter_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alternate-Games-Would-Repudiate-Charter_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130124161056/http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-_EuAAAAIBAJ&sjid=UM8FAAAAIBAJ&pg=1287,7742871">"Alternate Games Would Repudiate Charter"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Palm_Beach_Post" title="The Palm Beach Post">The Palm Beach Post</a></i>. 10 May 1984. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-_EuAAAAIBAJ&sjid=UM8FAAAAIBAJ&pg=1287,7742871">the original</a> on 24 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Palm+Beach+Post&rft.atitle=Alternate+Games+Would+Repudiate+Charter&rft.date=1984-05-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D-_EuAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DUM8FAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D1287%2C7742871&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Afghanistan-Joins-Boycott-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Afghanistan-Joins-Boycott_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Afghanistan-Joins-Boycott_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Afghanistan-Joins-Boycott_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Afghanistan-Joins-Boycott_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Afghanistan-Joins-Boycott_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLowitt1984" class="citation news cs1">Lowitt, Bruce (14 May 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-MMcAAAAIBAJ&sjid=p1kEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6804,4042639">"Afghanistan Joins Boycott (part 1)"</a>. <i>The Victoria Advocate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Victoria+Advocate&rft.atitle=Afghanistan+Joins+Boycott+%28part+1%29&rft.date=1984-05-14&rft.aulast=Lowitt&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D-MMcAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3Dp1kEAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6804%2C4042639&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged May 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLowitt1984" class="citation news cs1">Lowitt, Bruce (14 May 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200303004103/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-MMcAAAAIBAJ&sjid=p1kEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5131,4049411">"Afghanistan Joins Boycott (part 2)"</a>. <i>The Victoria Advocate</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-MMcAAAAIBAJ&sjid=p1kEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5131,4049411">the original</a> on 3 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Victoria+Advocate&rft.atitle=Afghanistan+Joins+Boycott+%28part+2%29&rft.date=1984-05-14&rft.aulast=Lowitt&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D-MMcAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3Dp1kEAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5131%2C4049411&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bulgaria-pulls-out-Reagan-intervenes-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bulgaria-pulls-out-Reagan-intervenes_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bulgaria-pulls-out-Reagan-intervenes_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bulgaria-pulls-out-Reagan-intervenes_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bulgaria-pulls-out-Reagan-intervenes_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=auYNAAAAIBAJ&sjid=G24DAAAAIBAJ&pg=7131,2161071">"Bulgaria pulls out, Reagan intervenes"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Post-Gazette" title="Pittsburgh Post-Gazette">Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</a></i>. 10 May 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post-Gazette&rft.atitle=Bulgaria+pulls+out%2C+Reagan+intervenes&rft.date=1984-05-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DauYNAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DG24DAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D7131%2C2161071&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-East-Germany-withdraws-from-Summer-Games-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-East-Germany-withdraws-from-Summer-Games_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=cAIMAAAAIBAJ&sjid=i1kDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7026,2613126">"East Germany withdraws from Summer Games"</a>. <i>The <a href="/wiki/Evening_Independent" title="Evening Independent">Evening Independent</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg,_Florida" title="St. Petersburg, Florida">St. Petersburg, Florida</a>. 10 May 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Evening+Independent&rft.atitle=East+Germany+withdraws+from+Summer+Games&rft.date=1984-05-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DcAIMAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3Di1kDAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D7026%2C2613126&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vietnam-Mongolia-join-Games-bailout-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Vietnam-Mongolia-join-Games-bailout_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=bOYNAAAAIBAJ&sjid=G24DAAAAIBAJ&pg=7079,2953727">"Vietnam, Mongolia join Games bailout"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Post-Gazette" title="Pittsburgh Post-Gazette">Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</a></i>. 12 May 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post-Gazette&rft.atitle=Vietnam%2C+Mongolia+join+Games+bailout&rft.date=1984-05-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DbOYNAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DG24DAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D7079%2C2953727&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Czechoslovakia-Laos-join-the-list-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Czechoslovakia-Laos-join-the-list_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoyce1984" class="citation news cs1">Joyce, Dick (13 May 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130124203910/http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-R8fAAAAIBAJ&sjid=facEAAAAIBAJ&pg=1529,6975019">"Czechoslovakia, Laos join the list"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Anchorage_Daily_News" title="Anchorage Daily News">Anchorage Daily News</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-R8fAAAAIBAJ&sjid=facEAAAAIBAJ&pg=1529,6975019">the original</a> on 24 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anchorage+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Czechoslovakia%2C+Laos+join+the+list&rft.date=1984-05-13&rft.aulast=Joyce&rft.aufirst=Dick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D-R8fAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DfacEAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D1529%2C6975019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Soviets-slamming-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Soviets-slamming_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Soviets-slamming_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Soviets-slamming_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Soviets-slamming_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csmonitor.com/1984/0515/051549.html">"Soviets, slamming Olympics door, charge US plot"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Christian_Science_Monitor" title="The Christian Science Monitor">The Christian Science Monitor</a></i>. 15 May 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Christian+Science+Monitor&rft.atitle=Soviets%2C+slamming+Olympics+door%2C+charge+US+plot&rft.date=1984-05-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2F1984%2F0515%2F051549.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hungary-joins-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hungary-joins_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=sbAzAAAAIBAJ&sjid=QzIHAAAAIBAJ&pg=5389,2026175">"Hungary joins Soviet boycott"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Lodi_News-Sentinel" title="Lodi News-Sentinel">Lodi News-Sentinel</a></i>. 16 May 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lodi+News-Sentinel&rft.atitle=Hungary+joins+Soviet+boycott&rft.date=1984-05-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DsbAzAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DQzIHAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5389%2C2026175&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Poland-10th-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Poland-10th_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarnard1984" class="citation news cs1">Barnard, William R. (17 May 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4g8fAAAAIBAJ&sjid=D4MDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6350,599674">"Poland 10th to join Olympic boycott"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Deseret_News" class="mw-redirect" title="The Deseret News">The Deseret News</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Deseret+News&rft.atitle=Poland+10th+to+join+Olympic+boycott&rft.date=1984-05-17&rft.aulast=Barnard&rft.aufirst=William+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D4g8fAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DD4MDAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6350%2C599674&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Soviet-Bloc-Discussing-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Soviet-Bloc-Discussing_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Soviet-Bloc-Discussing_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Soviet-Bloc-Discussing_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=HR8VAAAAIBAJ&sjid=RAYEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6793,2319906">"Soviet Bloc Discussing Own Games"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ocala_Star-Banner" class="mw-redirect" title="Ocala Star-Banner">Ocala Star-Banner</a></i>. 20 May 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ocala+Star-Banner&rft.atitle=Soviet+Bloc+Discussing+Own+Games&rft.date=1984-05-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DHR8VAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DRAYEAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6793%2C2319906&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Communist-nations-plan-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Communist-nations-plan_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Communist-nations-plan_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Communist-nations-plan_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Communist-nations-plan_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Communist-nations-plan_19-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Communist-nations-plan_19-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=SZUNAAAAIBAJ&sjid=s1YDAAAAIBAJ&pg=1054,3766667">"Communist nations plan own games"</a>. <i>Mohave Daily Miner</i>. 25 May 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mohave+Daily+Miner&rft.atitle=Communist+nations+plan+own+games&rft.date=1984-05-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DSZUNAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3Ds1YDAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D1054%2C3766667&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Communist-leaders-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Communist-leaders_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Communist-leaders_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=XzAjAAAAIBAJ&sjid=66UEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5073,6946151">"Communist leaders confer on Olympics"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tuscaloosa_News" title="The Tuscaloosa News">The Tuscaloosa News</a></i>. 21 May 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tuscaloosa+News&rft.atitle=Communist+leaders+confer+on+Olympics&rft.date=1984-05-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DXzAjAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3D66UEAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5073%2C6946151&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boycott-nations-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boycott-nations_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boycott-nations_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=d-YNAAAAIBAJ&sjid=G24DAAAAIBAJ&pg=3969,6224193">"Boycott nations will stage own games"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Post-Gazette" title="Pittsburgh Post-Gazette">Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</a></i>. 25 May 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post-Gazette&rft.atitle=Boycott+nations+will+stage+own+games&rft.date=1984-05-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3Dd-YNAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DG24DAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3969%2C6224193&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaxwell1984" class="citation news cs1">Maxwell, Evan (24 May 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121102185407/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/676722322.html?dids=676722322%3A676722322&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS%3AAI&type=historic&date=May%2024%2C%201984&author=&pub=Los%20Angeles%20Times">"Cuba Joins Olympic Boycott"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Los_Angeles_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The Los Angeles Times">The Los Angeles Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/676722322.html?dids=676722322:676722322&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=May+24%2C+1984&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times">the original</a> on 2 November 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Cuba+Joins+Olympic+Boycott&rft.date=1984-05-24&rft.aulast=Maxwell&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpqasb.pqarchiver.com%2Flatimes%2Faccess%2F676722322.html%3Fdids%3D676722322%3A676722322%26FMT%3DABS%26FMTS%3DABS%3AAI%26type%3Dhistoric%26date%3DMay%2B24%252C%2B1984%26author%3D%26pub%3DLos%2BAngeles%2BTimes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121102185423/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/676757362.html?dids=676757362:676757362&FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=May+27,+1984&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times">"Marxist South Yemen Becomes 12th Country to Drop Out of L.A. Games"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Los_Angeles_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The Los Angeles Times">The Los Angeles Times</a></i>. 27 May 1984. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/676757362.html?dids=676757362:676757362&FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=May+27%2C+1984&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times">the original</a> on 2 November 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Marxist+South+Yemen+Becomes+12th+Country+to+Drop+Out+of+L.A.+Games&rft.date=1984-05-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpqasb.pqarchiver.com%2Flatimes%2Faccess%2F676757362.html%3Fdids%3D676757362%3A676757362%26FMT%3DCITE%26FMTS%3DCITE%3AAI%26type%3Dhistoric%26date%3DMay%2B27%252C%2B1984%26author%3D%26pub%3DLos%2BAngeles%2BTimes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=3bsbAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Rk4EAAAAIBAJ&pg=1974,5867950">"Ethiopia, North Korea join Olympic boycott"</a>. <i>The <a href="/wiki/Times-News_(Hendersonville,_North_Carolina)" title="Times-News (Hendersonville, North Carolina)">Times-News</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Hendersonville,_North_Carolina" title="Hendersonville, North Carolina">Hendersonville, North Carolina</a>. 2 June 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times-News&rft.atitle=Ethiopia%2C+North+Korea+join+Olympic+boycott&rft.date=1984-06-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D3bsbAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DRk4EAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D1974%2C5867950&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReich1984" class="citation news cs1">Reich, Kenneth (27 June 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121102185438/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/677016312.html?dids=677016312:677016312&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Jun+27,+1984&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times">"Angola Becomes 15th Nation to Join Olympic Boycott"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Los_Angeles_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The Los Angeles Times">The Los Angeles Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/677016312.html?dids=677016312:677016312&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Jun+27%2C+1984&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times">the original</a> on 2 November 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Angola+Becomes+15th+Nation+to+Join+Olympic+Boycott&rft.date=1984-06-27&rft.aulast=Reich&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpqasb.pqarchiver.com%2Flatimes%2Faccess%2F677016312.html%3Fdids%3D677016312%3A677016312%26FMT%3DABS%26FMTS%3DABS%3AAI%26type%3Dhistoric%26date%3DJun%2B27%252C%2B1984%26author%3D%26pub%3DLos%2BAngeles%2BTimes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ted-Turner2-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ted-Turner2_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1984/07/07/sports/sports-people-turner-backs-off.html">"Sports People; Turner Backs Off"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 7 July 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Sports+People%3B+Turner+Backs+Off&rft.date=1984-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1984%2F07%2F07%2Fsports%2Fsports-people-turner-backs-off.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moscow-to-stage-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Moscow-to-stage_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moscow-to-stage_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=kZoRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=fegDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3570,4959807">"Moscow to stage games"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald" title="The Sydney Morning Herald">The Sydney Morning Herald</a></i>. 10 August 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Moscow+to+stage+games&rft.date=1984-08-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DkZoRAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DfegDAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3570%2C4959807&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Good-times-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Good-times_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=k5AzAAAAIBAJ&sjid=A4MDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6955,827200">"Good times are in order at the Friendship Games"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Deseret_News" class="mw-redirect" title="The Deseret News">The Deseret News</a></i>. 18 August 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Deseret+News&rft.atitle=Good+times+are+in+order+at+the+Friendship+Games&rft.date=1984-08-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3Dk5AzAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DA4MDAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6955%2C827200&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Infosport-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Infosport_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091026171319/http://www.infosport.ru/memoryPro/DocMemory.asp">"Infosport ("1984" section)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infosport.ru/memoryPro/DocMemory.asp">the original</a> on 26 October 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Infosport+%28%221984%22+section%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infosport.ru%2FmemoryPro%2FDocMemory.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Games-open-with-challenge-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Games-open-with-challenge_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Games-open-with-challenge_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Games-open-with-challenge_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Games-open-with-challenge_30-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Games-open-with-challenge_30-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Games-open-with-challenge_30-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmemann1984" class="citation news cs1">Schmemann, Serge (19 August 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=fpoRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=QOgDAAAAIBAJ&pg=2829,2815005">"Friendship Games open with a Soviet challenge"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald" title="The Sydney Morning Herald">The Sydney Morning Herald</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Friendship+Games+open+with+a+Soviet+challenge&rft.date=1984-08-19&rft.aulast=Schmemann&rft.aufirst=Serge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DfpoRAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DQOgDAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D2829%2C2815005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPowers1984" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Powers_(journalist)" title="John Powers (journalist)">Powers, John</a> (18 August 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/294271999">"Undermining Olympic Gold"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0743-1791">0743-1791</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/294271999">294271999</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2021</span> – via <a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Undermining+Olympic+Gold&rft.date=1984-08-18&rft.issn=0743-1791&rft.aulast=Powers&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F294271999&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenson2021" class="citation web cs1">Henson, Mike (18 October 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/athletics/58822355">"Friendship Games 1984: When Great Britain took part in the 'Iron Curtain Olympics'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bbc.co.uk" class="mw-redirect" title="Bbc.co.uk">bbc.co.uk</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=Friendship+Games+1984%3A+When+Great+Britain+took+part+in+the+%27Iron+Curtain+Olympics%27&rft.date=2021-10-18&rft.aulast=Henson&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fsport%2Fathletics%2F58822355&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-open-with-pomp-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-open-with-pomp_33-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=a_MRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=9-4DAAAAIBAJ&pg=3838,1743115">"Friendship Games open with pomp"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Spokesman-Review" title="The Spokesman-Review">The Spokesman-Review</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Spokane" class="mw-redirect" title="Spokane">Spokane</a>. 19 August 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Spokesman-Review&rft.atitle=Friendship+Games+open+with+pomp&rft.date=1984-08-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3Da_MRAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3D9-4DAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3838%2C1743115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-who-is-coming-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-who-is-coming_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-who-is-coming_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-who-is-coming_34-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=afMRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=9-4DAAAAIBAJ&pg=6976,823056">"Games open but just who is coming?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Spokesman-Review" title="The Spokesman-Review">The Spokesman-Review</a></i>. 17 August 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Spokesman-Review&rft.atitle=Games+open+but+just+who+is+coming%3F&rft.date=1984-08-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DafMRAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3D9-4DAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6976%2C823056&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chmielewski (1987), p. 169</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chmielewski (1987), p. 173</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chmielewski-p186-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Chmielewski-p186_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chmielewski (1987), p. 186</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-athletics-comparsion-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-athletics-comparsion_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=k5AzAAAAIBAJ&sjid=A4MDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7182,828814">"Olympic vs. Friendship Games comparison"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Deseret_News" class="mw-redirect" title="The Deseret News">The Deseret News</a></i>. 18 August 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Deseret+News&rft.atitle=Olympic+vs.+Friendship+Games+comparison&rft.date=1984-08-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3Dk5AzAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DA4MDAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D7182%2C828814&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Afro-American-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Afro-American_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Afro-American_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Afro-American_39-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLacy1984" class="citation news cs1">Lacy, Sam (1 September 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wyImAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Xf4FAAAAIBAJ&pg=5882,952037">"For what it means: Olympic vs. Friendship"</a>. <i>The <a href="/wiki/Afro-American_(newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-American (newspaper)">Afro-American</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Afro-American&rft.atitle=For+what+it+means%3A+Olympic+vs.+Friendship&rft.date=1984-09-01&rft.aulast=Lacy&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DwyImAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DXf4FAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5882%2C952037&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Olympics-Colliding-Myths-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Olympics-Colliding-Myths_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Olympics-Colliding-Myths_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenry_IIICazeneuveDonnelly1988" class="citation news cs1">Henry III, William A.; Cazeneuve, Brian; Donnelly, Sally B. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,968447,00.html#ixzz0pDG1FkXk">the original</a> on 11 November 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Olympics%3A+Colliding+Myths+After+a+Dozen+Years&rft.date=1988-09-19&rft.aulast=Henry+III&rft.aufirst=William+A.&rft.au=Cazeneuve%2C+Brian&rft.au=Donnelly%2C+Sally+B.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C968447%2C00.html%23ixzz0pDG1FkXk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chmielewski-p151-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chmielewski-p151_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chmielewski-p151_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chmielewski (1987), p. 151</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chmielewski-p183-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Chmielewski-p183_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chmielewski (1987), p. 183</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRuiz2016" class="citation news cs1">Ruiz, Rebecca R. (13 August 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/14/sports/olympics/soviet-doping-plan-russia-rio-games.html">"The Soviet Doping Plan: Document Reveals Illicit Approach to '84 Olympics"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Soviet+Doping+Plan%3A+Document+Reveals+Illicit+Approach+to+%2784+Olympics&rft.date=2016-08-13&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Ruiz&rft.aufirst=Rebecca+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F08%2F14%2Fsports%2Folympics%2Fsoviet-doping-plan-russia-rio-games.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHollobaugh1998" class="citation web cs1">Hollobaugh, Jeff (14 September 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/moresports/columns/hollobaugh_jeff/57480.html">"Szabo is in the money ("No. 94" section)"</a>. <i>ESPN.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ESPN.com&rft.atitle=Szabo+is+in+the+money+%28%22No.+94%22+section%29&rft.date=1998-09-14&rft.aulast=Hollobaugh&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fmoresports%2Fcolumns%2Fhollobaugh_jeff%2F57480.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Russians-host-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Russians-host_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Russians-host_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Russians-host_45-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Russians-host_45-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=8MYiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=OmkEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6606,984761">"Russians Host Their Own '84 Games"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sarasota_Herald-Tribune" title="Sarasota Herald-Tribune">Sarasota Herald-Tribune</a></i>. 12 August 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sarasota+Herald-Tribune&rft.atitle=Russians+Host+Their+Own+%2784+Games&rft.date=1984-08-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D8MYiAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DOmkEAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6606%2C984761&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927181640/http://www.pis.org.pl/unit.php?o=parlament&p=docs&id=2&iddoc=33">"Projekt ustawy o zmianie ustawy o sporcie kwalifikowanym"</a> (in Polish). <a href="/wiki/Law_and_Justice_(Poland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Law and Justice (Poland)">Law and Justice</a> party. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pis.org.pl/unit.php?o=parlament&p=docs&id=2&iddoc=33">the original</a> on 27 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Projekt+ustawy+o+zmianie+ustawy+o+sporcie+kwalifikowanym&rft.pub=Law+and+Justice+party&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pis.org.pl%2Funit.php%3Fo%3Dparlament%26p%3Ddocs%26id%3D2%26iddoc%3D33&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1136610/russia-plan-world-friendship-games-2024">History repeats itself as Russia reveals plans to launch World Friendship Games in 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reuters2023-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reuters2023_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/russia-launch-friendship-games-after-40-year-gap-sports-minister-2023-05-04/">"Russia to launch Friendship Games after 40-year gap, sports minister says"</a>. <i>www.reuters.com</i>. Reuters. 4 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.reuters.com&rft.atitle=Russia+to+launch+Friendship+Games+after+40-year+gap%2C+sports+minister+says&rft.date=2023-05-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Frussia-launch-friendship-games-after-40-year-gap-sports-minister-2023-05-04%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chess-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-chess_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ruchess.ru/en/news/all/chess_included_into_world_friendship_games_2024_programme/">"Chess Included into World Friendship Games 2024 Programme"</a>. <i>ruchess.ru</i>. Chess Federation of Russia<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ruchess.ru&rft.atitle=Chess+Included+into+World+Friendship+Games+2024+Programme&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fruchess.ru%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fall%2Fchess_included_into_world_friendship_games_2024_programme%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.com/sports/1880831">"Putin postpones World Friendship Games indefinitely"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/TASS" title="TASS">TASS</a></i>. 2 December 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TASS&rft.atitle=Putin+postpones+World+Friendship+Games+indefinitely&rft.date=2024-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.com%2Fsports%2F1880831&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meduza.io/en/news/2024/12/02/putin-cancels-world-friendship-games-touted-as-olympics-alternative">"Putin cancels World Friendship Games, touted as Olympics alternative"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Meduza" title="Meduza">Meduza</a></i>. 2 December 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meduza&rft.atitle=Putin+cancels+World+Friendship+Games%2C+touted+as+Olympics+alternative&rft.date=2024-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmeduza.io%2Fen%2Fnews%2F2024%2F12%2F02%2Fputin-cancels-world-friendship-games-touted-as-olympics-alternative&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendship_Games&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><i>Druzhba-84</i> (in Russian). Moscow: <a href="/wiki/Fizkultura_i_sport_(publisher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fizkultura i sport (publisher)">Fizkultura i sport</a>. 1985.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Druzhba-84&rft.place=Moscow&rft.pub=Fizkultura+i+sport&rft.date=1985&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Great_Soviet_Encyclopedia" title="Great Soviet Encyclopedia"><i>Yearbook of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia</i></a> (in Russian). Moscow: Sovetskaya Enciklopediya. 1985. pp. <span class="nowrap">549–</span>555.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yearbook+of+the+Great+Soviet+Encyclopedia&rft.place=Moscow&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E549-%3C%2Fspan%3E555&rft.pub=Sovetskaya+Enciklopediya&rft.date=1985&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><i>Panorama of the 1984 Sports Year</i> (in Russian). Moscow: <a href="/wiki/Fizkultura_i_sport_(publisher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fizkultura i sport (publisher)">Fizkultura i sport</a>. 1985. pp. <span class="nowrap">72–</span>98.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Panorama+of+the+1984+Sports+Year&rft.place=Moscow&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E72-%3C%2Fspan%3E98&rft.pub=Fizkultura+i+sport&rft.date=1985&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChmielewski1987" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Chmielewski, Zbigniew; et al. (1987). <i>Na olimpijskim szlaku 1984. Sarajewo, Los Angeles</i> (in Polish). Warsaw: Sport i Turystyka. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/83-217-2610-0" title="Special:BookSources/83-217-2610-0"><bdi>83-217-2610-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Na+olimpijskim+szlaku+1984.+Sarajewo%2C+Los+Angeles&rft.place=Warsaw&rft.pub=Sport+i+Turystyka&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=83-217-2610-0&rft.aulast=Chmielewski&rft.aufirst=Zbigniew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrzciński1985" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Trzciński, Tomasz; et al. (1985). <i>Gwiazdy sportu '84</i> (in Polish). Warsaw: Krajowa Agencja Wydawnicza. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/83-03-01177-4" title="Special:BookSources/83-03-01177-4"><bdi>83-03-01177-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gwiazdy+sportu+%2784&rft.place=Warsaw&rft.pub=Krajowa+Agencja+Wydawnicza&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=83-03-01177-4&rft.aulast=Trzci%C5%84ski&rft.aufirst=Tomasz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriendship+Games" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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href="/wiki/Template:Stagnation_Era" title="Template:Stagnation Era"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Stagnation_Era" title="Template talk:Stagnation Era"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Stagnation_Era" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Stagnation Era"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Era_of_Stagnation718" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Era_of_Stagnation" title="Era of Stagnation">Era of Stagnation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1964%E2%80%931982)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)">Events (1964–1982)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collective_leadership_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Collective leadership in the Soviet Union">Collective leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glassboro_Summit_Conference" title="Glassboro Summit Conference">Glassboro Summit Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six-Day_War" title="Six-Day War">Six-Day War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_Spring" title="Prague Spring">Prague Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact_invasion_of_Czechoslovakia" title="Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia">Invasion of Czechoslovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Red_Square_demonstration" title="1968 Red Square demonstration">1968 Red Square demonstration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brezhnev_Doctrine" title="Brezhnev Doctrine">Brezhnev Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Leonid_Brezhnev" title="Attempted assassination of Leonid Brezhnev">Brezhnev assassination attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Soviet_border_conflict" title="Sino-Soviet border conflict">Sino-Soviet border conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9tente" title="Détente">Détente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_oil_crisis" title="1973 oil crisis">1973 oil crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Saigon" title="Fall of Saigon">Fall of Saigon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladivostok_Summit_Meeting_on_Arms_Control" title="Vladivostok Summit Meeting on Arms Control">Vladivostok Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Accords" title="Helsinki Accords">Helsinki Accords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Moscow_bombings" title="1977 Moscow bombings">1977 Moscow bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Constitution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="1977 Constitution of the Soviet Union">1977 Soviet constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_Georgian_demonstrations" title="1978 Georgian demonstrations">1978 Georgian demonstrations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian%E2%80%93Vietnamese_War" title="Cambodian–Vietnamese War">Cambodian–Vietnamese War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Afghan_War" title="Soviet–Afghan War">Soviet–Afghan War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Summer_Olympics" title="1980 Summer Olympics">1980 Summer Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_reaction_to_the_Polish_crisis_of_1980%E2%80%931981" title="Soviet reaction to the Polish crisis of 1980–1981">Reaction to 1980–1981 Polish crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exercise_Zapad-81" class="mw-redirect" title="Exercise Zapad-81">Exercise Zapad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Leonid_Brezhnev" title="Death and state funeral of Leonid Brezhnev">Death and state funeral of Leonid Brezhnev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legacy_of_Leonid_Brezhnev" title="Legacy of Leonid Brezhnev">Legacy of Leonid Brezhnev</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1982%E2%80%931991)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1982–1991)">Events (1982–1985)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RYAN" class="mw-redirect" title="RYAN">RYAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Air_Lines_Flight_007" title="Korean Air Lines Flight 007">Korean Air Lines Flight 007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Soviet_nuclear_false_alarm_incident" title="1983 Soviet nuclear false alarm incident">1983 false nuclear alarm incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Able_Archer_83" title="Able Archer 83">Able Archer 83</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_cotton_scandal" title="Uzbek cotton scandal">Uzbek cotton scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Summer_Olympics_boycott" title="1984 Summer Olympics boycott">1984 Summer Olympics boycott</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Friendship Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politburo members<br /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidium_of_the_22nd_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Presidium of the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">22nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_23rd_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Politburo of the 23rd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">23rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_24th_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Politburo of the 24th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">24th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_25th_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Politburo of the 25th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">25th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_26th_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Politburo of the 26th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">26th</a></li></ul></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Heydar_Aliyev" title="Heydar Aliyev">Aliyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuri_Andropov" title="Yuri Andropov">Andropov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Brezhnev" title="Leonid Brezhnev">Brezhnev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Chebrikov" title="Viktor Chebrikov">Chebrikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Chernenko" title="Konstantin Chernenko">Chernenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Demichev" title="Pyotr Demichev">Demichev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Dolgikh" title="Vladimir Dolgikh">Dolgikh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonid_Efremov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonid Efremov (page does not exist)">Efremov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Gorbachev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Grechko" title="Andrei Grechko">Grechko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Grishin" title="Viktor Grishin">Grishin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Gromyko" title="Andrei Gromyko">Gromyko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Kirilenko_(politician)" title="Andrei Kirilenko (politician)">Kirilenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikhon_Kiselyov" title="Tikhon Kiselyov">Kiselyov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinmukhamed_Kunaev" title="Dinmukhamed Kunaev">Kunaev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexei_Kosygin" title="Alexei Kosygin">Kosygin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Kulakov" title="Fyodor Kulakov">Kulakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasili_Kuznetsov_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasili Kuznetsov (politician)">Kuznetsov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Masherov" title="Pyotr Masherov">Masherov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirill_Mazurov" title="Kirill Mazurov">Mazurov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastas_Mikoyan" title="Anastas Mikoyan">Mikoyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasil_Mzhavanadze" title="Vasil Mzhavanadze">Mzhavanadze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arv%C4%ABds_Pel%C5%A1e" title="Arvīds Pelše">Pelše</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Podgorny" title="Nikolai Podgorny">Podgorny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Polyansky" title="Dmitry Polyansky">Polyansky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Ponomarev" title="Boris Ponomarev">Ponomarev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharof_Rashidov" title="Sharof Rashidov">Rashidov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigory_Romanov" title="Grigory Romanov">Romanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Shcherbytsky" title="Volodymyr Shcherbytsky">Shcherbytsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Shelepin" title="Alexander Shelepin">Shelepin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petro_Shelest" title="Petro Shelest">Shelest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Shevardnadze" title="Eduard Shevardnadze">Shevardnadze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Shvernik" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikolay Shvernik">Shvernik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Solomentsev" title="Mikhail Solomentsev">Solomentsev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Suslov" title="Mikhail Suslov">Suslov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Tikhonov" title="Nikolai Tikhonov">Tikhonov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitriy_Ustinov" class="mw-redirect" title="Dmitriy Ustinov">Ustinov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Voronov" title="Gennady Voronov">Voronov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitaly_Vorotnikov" title="Vitaly Vorotnikov">Vorotnikov</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_leaders_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="List of leaders of the Soviet Union">Leaders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Triumvirate" title="Triumvirate">Troika</a> (<a href="/wiki/Leonid_Brezhnev" title="Leonid Brezhnev">Brezhnev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexei_Kosygin" title="Alexei Kosygin">Kosygin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Podgorny" title="Nikolai Podgorny">Podgorny</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuri_Andropov" title="Yuri Andropov">Yuri Andropov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Chernenko" title="Konstantin Chernenko">Konstantin Chernenko</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governments_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governments of the Soviet Union">Governments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosygin%27s_First_Government" title="Kosygin's First Government">Kosygin's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosygin%27s_Second_Government" title="Kosygin's Second Government">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosygin%27s_Third_Government" title="Kosygin's Third Government">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosygin%27s_Fourth_Government" title="Kosygin's Fourth Government">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosygin%27s_Fifth_Government" title="Kosygin's Fifth Government">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikhonov%27s_First_Government" title="Tikhonov's First Government">Tikhonov's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikhonov%27s_Second_Government" title="Tikhonov's Second Government">2nd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National economy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reforms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OGAS" title="OGAS">OGAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_Soviet_economic_reform" title="1965 Soviet economic reform">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Soviet_economic_reform" title="1973 Soviet economic reform">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Soviet_economic_reform" title="1979 Soviet economic reform">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_Programme" title="Food Programme">Food Programme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1984_Soviet_economic_reform&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1984 Soviet economic reform (page does not exist)">1984</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Five-year_plans_for_the_national_economy_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Five-year plans for the national economy of the Soviet Union">Five-year plans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_five-year_plan_(Soviet_Union)" title="Eighth five-year plan (Soviet Union)">8th plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_five-year_plan_(Soviet_Union)" title="Ninth five-year plan (Soviet Union)">9th plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_five-year_plan_(Soviet_Union)" title="Tenth five-year plan (Soviet Union)">10th plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_five-year_plan_(Soviet_Union)" title="Eleventh five-year plan (Soviet Union)">11th plan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Events_at_the_Friendship_Games34" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#BFD7FF;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Friendship_Games" title="Template:Friendship Games"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Friendship_Games" title="Template talk:Friendship Games"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Friendship_Games" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Friendship Games"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Events_at_the_Friendship_Games34" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Events at the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Friendship Games</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archery_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Archery at the Friendship Games">Archery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Athletics at the Friendship Games">Athletics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basketball_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Basketball at the Friendship Games">Basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Boxing at the Friendship Games">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoeing_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Canoeing at the Friendship Games">Canoeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Cycling at the Friendship Games">Cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diving_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Diving at the Friendship Games">Diving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equestrian_events_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Equestrian events at the Friendship Games">Equestrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencing_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Fencing at the Friendship Games">Fencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_hockey_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Field hockey at the Friendship Games">Field hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gymnastics_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Gymnastics at the Friendship Games">Gymnastics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handball_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Handball at the Friendship Games">Handball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Judo at the Friendship Games">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_pentathlon_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Modern pentathlon at the Friendship Games">Modern pentathlon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowing_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Rowing at the Friendship Games">Rowing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailing_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Sailing at the Friendship Games">Sailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Shooting at the Friendship Games">Shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swimming_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Swimming at the Friendship Games">Swimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_tennis_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Table tennis at the Friendship Games">Table tennis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennis_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Tennis at the Friendship Games">Tennis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volleyball_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Volleyball at the Friendship Games">Volleyball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_polo_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Water polo at the Friendship Games">Water polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weightlifting_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Weightlifting at the Friendship Games">Weightlifting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Wrestling at the Friendship Games">Wrestling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Olympic_Games_scandals,_controversies_and_incidents319" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Olympic_Games_controversies" title="Template:Olympic Games controversies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Olympic_Games_controversies" title="Template talk:Olympic Games controversies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Olympic_Games_controversies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Olympic Games controversies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Olympic_Games_scandals,_controversies_and_incidents319" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympic_Games_scandals,_controversies_and_incidents" title="List of Olympic Games scandals, controversies and incidents">Olympic Games scandals, controversies and incidents</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By year</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Concerns_and_controversies_at_the_1988_Winter_Olympics" title="Concerns and controversies at the 1988 Winter Olympics">1988 (winter)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Concerns_and_controversies_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics" title="Concerns and controversies at the 2008 Summer Olympics">2008 (summer)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Concerns_and_controversies_at_the_2010_Winter_Olympics" title="Concerns and controversies at the 2010 Winter Olympics">2010 (winter)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Concerns_and_controversies_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics" title="Concerns and controversies at the 2012 Summer Olympics">2012 (summer)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Concerns_and_controversies_at_the_2014_Winter_Olympics" title="Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics">2014 (winter)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Concerns_and_controversies_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics" title="Concerns and controversies at the 2016 Summer Olympics">2016 (summer)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Concerns_and_controversies_at_the_2018_Winter_Olympics" title="Concerns and controversies at the 2018 Winter Olympics">2018 (winter)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Concerns_and_controversies_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics" title="Concerns and controversies at the 2020 Summer Olympics">2020 (summer)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Concerns_and_controversies_at_the_2022_Winter_Olympics" title="Concerns and controversies at the 2022 Winter Olympics">2022 (winter)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Concerns_and_controversies_at_the_2024_Summer_Olympics" title="Concerns and controversies at the 2024 Summer Olympics">2024 (summer)</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympic_Games_boycotts" title="List of Olympic Games boycotts">Boycotts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1956_Summer_Olympics#Participation_and_boycotts" title="1956 Summer Olympics">1956</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1964_Summer_Olympics#Boycotting_countries" title="1964 Summer Olympics">1964</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1976_Summer_Olympics#Non-participating_National_Olympic_Committees" title="1976 Summer Olympics">1976</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1980_Summer_Olympics_boycott" title="1980 Summer Olympics boycott">1980</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1984_Summer_Olympics_boycott" title="1984 Summer Olympics boycott">1984</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1988_Summer_Olympics#Boycott" title="1988 Summer Olympics">1988</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Concerns_and_controversies_at_the_2022_Winter_Olympics#Diplomatic_boycotts" title="Concerns and controversies at the 2022 Winter Olympics">2022</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alternative<br />competitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Olympiad" title="People's Olympiad">People's Olympiad</a> (1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/GANEFO" title="GANEFO">Games of the New Emerging Forces</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Bell_Classic" title="Liberty Bell Classic">Liberty Bell Classic</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Friendship Games</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Goodwill_Games" title="Goodwill Games">Goodwill Games</a> (1986–2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/World_Friendship_Games" title="World Friendship Games">World Friendship Games</a> (2024, postponed)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_stripped_Olympic_medals" title="List of stripped Olympic medals">Stripped medals</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Doping_at_the_Olympic_Games" title="Doping at the Olympic Games">Doping</a> (since 1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1936_Peru_v_Austria_football_match" title="1936 Peru v Austria football match">Football match between Peru and Austria</a> (1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Blood_in_the_Water_match" title="Blood in the Water match">"Blood in the Water" water polo match</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tlatelolco_massacre" title="Tlatelolco massacre">Tlatelolco massacre</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1968_Olympics_Black_Power_salute" title="1968 Olympics Black Power salute">Black Power salute</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Munich_massacre" title="Munich massacre">Munich massacre</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1972_Olympic_men%27s_basketball_final" title="1972 Olympic men's basketball final">Basketball gold medal match controversy</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1972_Olympics_Black_Power_salute" title="1972 Olympics Black Power salute">Black Power salute</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Kozakiewicz#Olympic_gold_and_Kozakiewicz's_gesture" title="Władysław Kozakiewicz">Kozakiewicz's gesture</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Centennial_Olympic_Park_bombing" title="Centennial Olympic Park bombing">Centennial Olympic Park bombing</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2002_Winter_Olympic_bid_scandal" title="2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal">Winter Olympic bid scandal</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2002_Winter_Olympics_figure_skating_scandal" title="2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal">Figure-skating judging scandal</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gymnastics_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics#Age_controversies" title="Gymnastics at the 2008 Summer Olympics">Underage gymnasts controversy</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nodar_Kumaritashvili#Fatal_accident" title="Nodar Kumaritashvili">Death of Nodar Kumaritashvili</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2012_Olympics_one_minute_of_silence_campaign" title="2012 Olympics one minute of silence campaign">One minute of silence campaign</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_protests_surrounding_the_2014_Winter_Olympics" title="LGBT rights protests surrounding the 2014 Winter Olympics">LGBT rights protests</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Figure_skating_at_the_2014_Winter_Olympics#Ladies'_singles_figure_skating_results" title="Figure skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics">Sochi Ladies' singles judging controversy</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Doping_in_Russia" title="Doping in Russia">Russian doping scandal</a> (2015–present)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2016_Summer_Olympics_ticket_scandal" title="2016 Summer Olympics ticket scandal">Ireland Summer Olympics ticket scandal</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lochtegate" title="Lochtegate">Lochtegate</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rule_40" title="Rule 40">Rule 40</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Belarus_2020_Summer_Olympics_scandal" title="Belarus 2020 Summer Olympics scandal">Attempted repatriation of Krystsina Tsimanouskaya</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_cases_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics_and_2020_Summer_Paralympics" title="COVID-19 cases at the 2020 Summer Olympics and 2020 Summer Paralympics">COVID-19 cases at Tokyo 2020</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_cases_at_the_2022_Winter_Olympics_and_2022_Winter_Paralympics" title="COVID-19 cases at the 2022 Winter Olympics and 2022 Winter Paralympics">COVID-19 cases at Beijing 2022</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Canada_Soccer_drone_spying_scandal" title="Canada Soccer drone spying scandal">Canada Soccer drone spying scandal</a> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_stripped_Olympic_medals" title="List of stripped Olympic medals">List of stripped Olympic medals</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Doping_at_the_Olympic_Games" title="Doping at the Olympic Games">Doping at the Olympic Games</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Apartheid-era_South_Africa_and_the_Olympics" title="Apartheid-era South Africa and the Olympics">Apartheid-era South Africa and the Olympics</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Multi-sport_events617" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Multi-sport_events" title="Template:Multi-sport events"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Multi-sport_events" title="Template talk:Multi-sport events"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Multi-sport_events" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Multi-sport events"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Multi-sport_events617" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Multi-sport_event" title="Multi-sport event">Multi-sport events</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Global85" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Global</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Summer_Olympic_Games" title="Summer Olympic Games">Summer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Olympic_Games" title="Winter Olympic Games">Winter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paralympic_Games" title="Paralympic Games">Paralympic Games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Summer_Paralympic_Games" title="Summer Paralympic Games">Summer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Paralympic_Games" title="Winter Paralympic Games">Winter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_Olympic_Games" title="Youth Olympic Games">Youth Olympic Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parasports" title="Parasports">Parasports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arafura_Games" title="Arafura Games">Arafura Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deaflympics" title="Deaflympics">Deaflympics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deaflympics" title="Deaflympics">Summer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deaflympics" title="Deaflympics">Winter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9fi_sportif" title="Défi sportif">Défi sportif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBSA_World_Games" title="IBSA World Games">IBSA World Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INAS_Global_Games" title="INAS Global Games">INAS Global Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invictus_Games" title="Invictus Games">Invictus Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_Athletic_Association_of_America#World_Dwarf_Games" title="Dwarf Athletic Association of America">World Dwarf Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Olympics" title="Special Olympics">Special Olympics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_Olympics_World_Games" title="Special Olympics World Games">Summer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Olympics_World_Games" title="Special Olympics World Games">Winter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Abilitysport_Games" title="World Abilitysport Games">World Abilitysport Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Professions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Army_Games" title="International Army Games">International Army Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumberjack_World_Championship" title="Lumberjack World Championship">Lumberjack World Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_World_Games" title="Military World Games">Military World Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Air_Games" title="World Air Games">World Air Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Firefighters_Games" title="World Firefighters Games">World Firefighters Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Police_and_Fire_Games" title="World Police and Fire Games">World Police and Fire Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Youth and students</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FISU_World_University_Games" title="FISU World University Games">FISU World University Games</a> <i>(Universiade)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_School_Sport_Games" title="World School Sport Games">World School Sport Games</a> <i>(Gymnasiade)</i></li> <li>International Youth Green Games</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Children%27s_Games" title="International Children's Games">International Children's Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SELL_Student_Games" title="SELL Student Games">SELL Student Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Interuniversity_Games" title="World Interuniversity Games">World Interuniversity Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Youth_Games" title="Commonwealth Youth Games">Commonwealth Youth Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CPLP_Games" title="CPLP Games">CPLP Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_International_Sports_Festival" title="University International Sports Festival">University International Sports Festival</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intercommunity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Games" title="Arab Games">Arab Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BRICS_Games" title="BRICS Games">BRICS Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Games" title="Commonwealth Games">Commonwealth Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_World_Games" title="Croatian World Games">Croatian World Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gay_Games" title="Gay Games">Gay Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_games" title="Highland games">Highland games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Solidarity_Games" title="Islamic Solidarity Games">Islamic Solidarity Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeux_de_la_Francophonie" title="Jeux de la Francophonie">Jeux de la Francophonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusofonia_Games" title="Lusofonia Games">Lusofonia Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maccabiah_Games" title="Maccabiah Games">Maccabiah Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Armenian_Games" title="Pan-Armenian Games">Pan-Armenian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Transplant_Games" title="World Transplant Games">World Transplant Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Eskimo_Indian_Olympics" title="World Eskimo Indian Olympics">World Eskimo Indian Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Indigenous_Games" title="World Indigenous Games">World Indigenous Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Polonia_Games" title="World Polonia Games">World Polonia Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CSIT_World_Sports_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="CSIT World Sports Games">CSIT World Sports Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dew_Tour" title="Dew Tour">Dew Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mind_Sports_Olympiad" title="Mind Sports Olympiad">Mind Sports Olympiad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCI_Cycling_World_Championships" title="UCI Cycling World Championships">UCI Cycling World Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Beach_Games" title="World Beach Games">World Beach Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Combat_Games" title="World Combat Games">World Combat Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Games" title="World Games">World Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Masters_Games" title="World Masters Games">World Masters Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SportAccord_World_Mind_Games" title="SportAccord World Mind Games">World Mind Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Nomad_Games" title="World Nomad Games">World Nomad Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Skate_Games" title="World Skate Games">World Skate Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Urban_Games" title="World Urban Games">World Urban Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X_Games" title="X Games">X Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Regional55" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Regional</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Games" title="African Games">African Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Para_Games" title="African Para Games">African Para Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Youth_Games" title="African Youth Games">African Youth Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-Africa_University_Games" title="All-Africa University Games">All-Africa University Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_African_University_Games" title="West African University Games">West African University Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pan American <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Games" title="Pan American Games">Pan American Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parapan_American_Games" title="Parapan American Games">Parapan American Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junior_Pan_American_Games" title="Junior Pan American Games">Junior Pan American Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americas_Masters_Games" title="Americas Masters Games">Americas Masters Games</a></li></ul></li> <li>Central American and the Caribbean <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_American_and_Caribbean_Games" title="Central American and Caribbean Games">Central American and Caribbean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_American_Games" title="Central American Games">Central American Games</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin American</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ALBA_Games" title="ALBA Games">ALBA Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_Games" title="Bolivarian Games">Bolivarian Games</a></li></ul></li> <li>North American <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CANUSA_Games" title="CANUSA Games">CANUSA Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Indigenous_Games" title="North American Indigenous Games">North American Indigenous Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Outgames" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Outgames">North American Outgames</a></li></ul></li> <li>South American <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_American_Games" title="South American Games">South American Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_American_Beach_Games" title="South American Beach Games">South American Beach Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FISU_America_Games" title="FISU America Games">South American University Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_American_Youth_Games" title="South American Youth Games">South American Youth Games</a></li></ul></li> <li>Caribbean <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Games" title="Caribbean Games">Caribbean Games</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pan Asian <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Games" title="Asian Games">Asian Games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Games" title="Asian Games">Summer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Winter_Games" title="Asian Winter Games">Winter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Para_Games" title="Asian Para Games">Asian Para Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Beach_Games" title="Asian Beach Games">Asian Beach Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Indoor_and_Martial_Arts_Games" title="Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games">Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Youth_Games" title="Asian Youth Games">Asian Youth Games</a></li></ul></li> <li>Southeast Asian <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SEA_Games" title="SEA Games">SEA Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_School_Games" title="ASEAN School Games">ASEAN School Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_University_Games" title="ASEAN University Games">ASEAN University Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Para_Games" title="ASEAN Para Games">ASEAN Para Games</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asian_Games" title="Central Asian Games">Central Asian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Youth_Games" title="East Asian Youth Games">East Asian Youth Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Games" title="South Asian Games">South Asian Games</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/West_Asian_Games" title="West Asian Games">West Asian Games</a></i><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Games" title="Black Sea Games">Black Sea Games</a></i><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Games" title="European Games">European Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Masters_Games" title="European Masters Games">European Masters Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Championships_(multi-sport_event)" title="European Championships (multi-sport event)">European Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Para_Championships" title="European Para Championships">European Para Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Para_Youth_Games" title="European Para Youth Games">European Para Youth Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Youth_Olympic_Festival" title="European Youth Olympic Festival">European Youth Olympic Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EuroGames" title="EuroGames">EuroGames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Universities_Championships" title="European Universities Championships">European Universities Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Universities_Games" title="European Universities Games">European Universities Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Games_of_the_Small_States_of_Europe" title="Games of the Small States of Europe">Games of the Small States of Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Erasmus_Games" title="International Erasmus Games">International Erasmus Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Youth_Olympic_Festival" title="Australian Youth Olympic Festival">Australian Youth Olympic Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesian_Games" title="Micronesian Games">Micronesian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Games" title="Pacific Games">Pacific Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Mini_Games" title="Pacific Mini Games">Pacific Mini Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arafura_Games" title="Arafura Games">Arafura Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intercontinental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Games" title="Arab Games">Arab Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Winter_Games" title="Arctic Winter Games">Arctic Winter Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Pacific_Deaf_Games" title="Asia Pacific Deaf Games">Asia Pacific Deaf Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Pacific_Masters_Games" title="Asia Pacific Masters Games">Asia Pacific Masters Games</a></li> <li>Isles <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Island_Games" title="Indian Ocean Island Games">Indian Ocean Island Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Island_Games" title="Island Games">Island Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeux_des_%C3%AEles" title="Jeux des îles">Jeux des îles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Games" title="Mediterranean Games">Mediterranean Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="National32" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">National</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Games" title="Canada Games">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BC_Games_Society" title="BC Games Society">British Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Games" title="Ontario Games">Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_Games" title="Quebec Games">Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saskatchewan_Games" title="Saskatchewan Games">Saskatchewan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Canada_Summer_Games" title="Western Canada Summer Games">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Games_of_Colombia" title="National Games of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Games_of_America" title="State Games of America">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AAU_Junior_Olympic_Games" title="AAU Junior Olympic Games">amateur juniors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senior_Olympics" title="Senior Olympics">seniors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrior_Games" title="Warrior Games">Warrior Games</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_State_Games" title="National Congress of State Games">NCSG</a>,<br />United States<sup>3</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama_Sports_Festival" title="Alabama Sports Festival">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_State_Games" title="California State Games">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunshine_State_Games" title="Sunshine State Games">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_State_Games" title="Bay State Games">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Show-Me_State_Games" title="Show-Me State Games">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sky_State_Games" title="Big Sky State Games">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornhusker_State_Games" title="Cornhusker State Games">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_State_Games" title="Empire State Games">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Games_of_North_Carolina" title="State Games of North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakota_Nation_Invitational" title="Lakota Nation Invitational">Lakota Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Games_of_Texas" title="Games of Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badger_State_Games" title="Badger State Games">Wisconsin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Games" title="Bangladesh Games">Bangladesh</a></li> <li>China <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-China_Games" title="All-China Games">All-China Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Games_of_China" title="National Games of China">National Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Peasants%27_Games" title="National Peasants' Games">National Peasants' Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Youth_Games" title="China National Youth Games">National Youth Games</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Games_of_India" title="National Games of India">India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khelo_India_Youth_Games" title="Khelo India Youth Games">Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khelo_India_University_Games" title="Khelo India University Games">University</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Sports_Week_(Indonesia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Sports Week (Indonesia)">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Sports_Festival_of_Japan" title="National Sports Festival of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukma_Games" title="Sukma Games">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naadam" title="Naadam">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Games_of_Nepal" title="National Games of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Games_of_Pakistan" title="National Games of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li>Philippines <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_National_Games" title="Philippine National Games">National Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_National_Para_Games" title="Philippine National Para Games">Para Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palarong_Pambansa" title="Palarong Pambansa">Student</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batang_Pinoy" title="Batang Pinoy">Youth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_Biennial_Games" title="Singapore Biennial Games">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_National_Sports_Festival" title="Korean National Sports Festival">South Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_National_Sports_Festival" title="Korean National Sports Festival">Summer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_National_Sports_Festival" title="Korean National Sports Festival">Winter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand_National_Games" title="Thailand National Games">Thailand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thailand_National_Youth_Games" title="Thailand National Youth Games">Youth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_National_Games" title="Vietnam National Games">Vietnam</a></li> <li>Taiwan <ul><li>National Games (Taiwan)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Youth_Olympic_Days" title="Polish Youth Olympic Days">Poland (youth)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WheelPower" title="WheelPower">WheelPower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Historical1199" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Historical<sup>1</sup></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-Modern Olympics<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(in order, from 1900 BC to 1859 AD)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tailteann_Games_(ancient)" title="Tailteann Games (ancient)">Tailteann Games (ancient)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhellenic_Games" title="Panhellenic Games">Panhellenic Games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Olympic_Games" title="Ancient Olympic Games">Ancient Olympic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythian_Games" title="Pythian Games">Pythian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemean_Games" title="Nemean Games">Nemean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isthmian_Games" title="Isthmian Games">Isthmian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraean_Games" title="Heraean Games">Heraean Games</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panathenaic_Games" title="Panathenaic Games">Panathenaic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludi_Romani" title="Ludi Romani">Roman Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotswold_Olimpick_Games" title="Cotswold Olimpick Games">Cotswold Olimpick Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gog_Magog_Games" title="Gog Magog Games">Gog Magog Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenlock_Olympian_Games" title="Wenlock Olympian Games">Wenlock Olympian Society Annual Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zappas_Olympics" title="Zappas Olympics">Zappas Olympics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alternatives to the<br />Modern Olympics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aryan_Games" title="Aryan Games">Aryan Games</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Friendship Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GANEFO" title="GANEFO">GANEFO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodwill_Games" title="Goodwill Games">Goodwill Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-Allied_Games" title="Inter-Allied Games">Inter-Allied Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Games" title="Islamic Games">Islamic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Bell_Classic" title="Liberty Bell Classic">Liberty Bell Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Olympiad" title="People's Olympiad">People's Olympiad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Workers%27_Olympiads" title="International Workers' Olympiads">Workers' Olympiads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartakiad" title="Spartakiad">Spartakiad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct regional or<br />community events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Asian_Games" title="Afro-Asian Games">Afro-Asian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Indoor_Games" title="Asian Indoor Games">Asian Indoor Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Asian_Martial_Arts_Games" title="2009 Asian Martial Arts Games">Asian Martial Arts Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea_Games" title="Baltic Sea Games">Baltic Sea Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Games" title="Black Sea Games">Black Sea Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Games" title="Central African Games">Central African Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Games" title="East Asian Games">East Asian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_Eastern_Championship_Games" title="Far Eastern Championship Games">Far Eastern Championship Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FESPIC_Games" title="FESPIC Games">FESPIC Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GANEFO" title="GANEFO">Games of the New Emerging Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean_Games" title="Pacific Ocean Games">Pacific Ocean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartakiad_of_the_Peoples_of_the_USSR" title="Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR">Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tailteann_Games_(Irish_Free_State)" title="Tailteann Games (Irish Free State)">Tailteann Games (modern)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_African_Games" title="West African Games">West African Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Islamic_Games" title="Women's Islamic Games">Women's Islamic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_World_Youth_Games" title="1998 World Youth Games">World Youth Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IWAS_World_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="IWAS World Games">IWAS World Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerebral_Palsy_Games" title="Cerebral Palsy Games">Cerebral Palsy Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Games" title="South African Games">South African Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairie_Rose_State_Games" title="Prairie Rose State Games">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_Games" title="Kingdom Games">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartakiad_(Albania)" title="Spartakiad (Albania)">Spartakiad of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartakiad_of_the_Peoples_of_the_USSR" title="Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR">Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starty_nadezhd" title="Starty nadezhd">youth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Winter_sports38" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Winter_sports" title="Winter sports">Winter sports</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Olympic_Games" title="Winter Olympic Games">Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Paralympic_Games" title="Winter Paralympic Games">Paralympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FISU_World_University_Games" title="FISU World University Games">Winter University Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIS_Games" title="FIS Games">FIS Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Games" title="Nordic Games">Nordic Games</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Winter_Games" title="Commonwealth Winter Games">Commonwealth</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Scout_Winter_Games" title="World Scout Winter Games">World Scout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Winter_Games" title="Arctic Winter Games">Arctic Winter Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Memorial_Winter_Games" title="Kennedy Memorial Winter Games">Kennedy Memorial</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Winter_Games" title="New Zealand Winter Games">New Zealand Winter Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_World_Masters_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="Winter World Masters Games">Winter World Masters Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Winter_Games_of_China" title="National Winter Games of China">National Winter Games of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Winter_Games" title="Asian Winter Games">Asian Winter Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Youth_Olympic_Festival" title="European Youth Olympic Festival">European Youth Olympic Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_X_Games_Europe" title="Winter X Games Europe">Winter X Games Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian%E2%80%93Chinese_Winter_Youth_Games" title="Russian–Chinese Winter Youth Games">Russian–Chinese Winter Youth Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup> Defunct</li> <li><sup>2</sup> <a href="/wiki/Administrative_division" title="Administrative division">Sub-national</a></li> <li><sup>3</sup> <a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_State_Games#Member_Games" title="National Congress of State Games">51 component games</a> in 36 <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. states</a></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Multi-sport_events" title="Category:Multi-sport events">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" 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